Nigella in the Mirror of Time: a Brief Attempt to Draw a Genus
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TRP Mediation
molecules Review Remedia Sternutatoria over the Centuries: TRP Mediation Lujain Aloum 1 , Eman Alefishat 1,2,3 , Janah Shaya 4 and Georg A. Petroianu 1,* 1 Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates; [email protected] (L.A.); Eman.alefi[email protected] (E.A.) 2 Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates 3 Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11941, Jordan 4 Pre-Medicine Bridge Program, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +971-50-413-4525 Abstract: Sneezing (sternutatio) is a poorly understood polysynaptic physiologic reflex phenomenon. Sneezing has exerted a strange fascination on humans throughout history, and induced sneezing was widely used by physicians for therapeutic purposes, on the assumption that sneezing eliminates noxious factors from the body, mainly from the head. The present contribution examines the various mixtures used for inducing sneezes (remedia sternutatoria) over the centuries. The majority of the constituents of the sneeze-inducing remedies are modulators of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. The TRP channel superfamily consists of large heterogeneous groups of channels that play numerous physiological roles such as thermosensation, chemosensation, osmosensation and mechanosensation. Sneezing is associated with the activation of the wasabi receptor, (TRPA1), typical ligand is allyl isothiocyanate and the hot chili pepper receptor, (TRPV1), typical agonist is capsaicin, in the vagal sensory nerve terminals, activated by noxious stimulants. -
Conserving Europe's Threatened Plants
Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation By Suzanne Sharrock and Meirion Jones May 2009 Recommended citation: Sharrock, S. and Jones, M., 2009. Conserving Europe’s threatened plants: Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens Conservation International, Richmond, UK ISBN 978-1-905164-30-1 Published by Botanic Gardens Conservation International Descanso House, 199 Kew Road, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3BW, UK Design: John Morgan, [email protected] Acknowledgements The work of establishing a consolidated list of threatened Photo credits European plants was first initiated by Hugh Synge who developed the original database on which this report is based. All images are credited to BGCI with the exceptions of: We are most grateful to Hugh for providing this database to page 5, Nikos Krigas; page 8. Christophe Libert; page 10, BGCI and advising on further development of the list. The Pawel Kos; page 12 (upper), Nikos Krigas; page 14: James exacting task of inputting data from national Red Lists was Hitchmough; page 16 (lower), Jože Bavcon; page 17 (upper), carried out by Chris Cockel and without his dedicated work, the Nkos Krigas; page 20 (upper), Anca Sarbu; page 21, Nikos list would not have been completed. Thank you for your efforts Krigas; page 22 (upper) Simon Williams; page 22 (lower), RBG Chris. We are grateful to all the members of the European Kew; page 23 (upper), Jo Packet; page 23 (lower), Sandrine Botanic Gardens Consortium and other colleagues from Europe Godefroid; page 24 (upper) Jože Bavcon; page 24 (lower), Frank who provided essential advice, guidance and supplementary Scumacher; page 25 (upper) Michael Burkart; page 25, (lower) information on the species included in the database. -
Etude Sur L'origine Et L'évolution Des Variations Florales Chez Delphinium L. (Ranunculaceae) À Travers La Morphologie, L'anatomie Et La Tératologie
Etude sur l'origine et l'évolution des variations florales chez Delphinium L. (Ranunculaceae) à travers la morphologie, l'anatomie et la tératologie : 2019SACLS126 : NNT Thèse de doctorat de l'Université Paris-Saclay préparée à l'Université Paris-Sud ED n°567 : Sciences du végétal : du gène à l'écosystème (SDV) Spécialité de doctorat : Biologie Thèse présentée et soutenue à Paris, le 29/05/2019, par Felipe Espinosa Moreno Composition du Jury : Bernard Riera Chargé de Recherche, CNRS (MECADEV) Rapporteur Julien Bachelier Professeur, Freie Universität Berlin (DCPS) Rapporteur Catherine Damerval Directrice de Recherche, CNRS (Génétique Quantitative et Evolution Le Moulon) Présidente Dario De Franceschi Maître de Conférences, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (CR2P) Examinateur Sophie Nadot Professeure, Université Paris-Sud (ESE) Directrice de thèse Florian Jabbour Maître de conférences, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (ISYEB) Invité Etude sur l'origine et l'évolution des variations florales chez Delphinium L. (Ranunculaceae) à travers la morphologie, l'anatomie et la tératologie Remerciements Ce manuscrit présente le travail de doctorat que j'ai réalisé entre les années 2016 et 2019 au sein de l'Ecole doctorale Sciences du végétale: du gène à l'écosystème, à l'Université Paris-Saclay Paris-Sud et au Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle de Paris. Même si sa réalisation a impliqué un investissement personnel énorme, celui-ci a eu tout son sens uniquement et grâce à l'encadrement, le soutien et l'accompagnement de nombreuses personnes que je remercie de la façon la plus sincère. Je remercie très spécialement Florian Jabbour et Sophie Nadot, mes directeurs de thèse. -
Honey Bee Suite © Rusty Burlew 2015 Master Plant List by Scientific Name United States
Honey Bee Suite Master Plant List by Scientific Name United States © Rusty Burlew 2015 Scientific name Common Name Type of plant Zone Full Link for more information Abelia grandiflora Glossy abelia Shrub 6-9 http://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/all/abelia-x-grandiflora/ Acacia Acacia Thorntree Tree 3-8 http://www.2020site.org/trees/acacia.html Acer circinatum Vine maple Tree 7-8 http://www.nwplants.com/business/catalog/ace_cir.html Acer macrophyllum Bigleaf maple Tree 5-9 http://treesandshrubs.about.com/od/commontrees/p/Big-Leaf-Maple-Acer-macrophyllum.htm Acer negundo L. Box elder Tree 2-10 http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=a841 Acer rubrum Red maple Tree 3-9 http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=275374&isprofile=1&basic=Acer%20rubrum Acer rubrum Swamp maple Tree 3-9 http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=275374&isprofile=1&basic=Acer%20rubrum Acer saccharinum Silver maple Tree 3-9 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acer_saccharinum Acer spp. Maple Tree 3-8 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maple Achillea millefolium Yarrow Perennial 3-9 http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=b282 Aesclepias tuberosa Butterfly weed Perennial 3-9 http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=b490 Aesculus glabra Buckeye Tree 3-7 http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=281045&isprofile=1&basic=buckeye -
Nigella Damascena L
Ital. J. Agron. / Riv. Agron., 2008, 2:125-130 Comparative Study in Seed Yield and Flowers Attractivity to Bee Visitors Between Nigella Sativa L. and Nigella Damascena L. ( Ranunculaceae ) Grown Under Semiarid Conditions Shahera Zaitoun 1* , Abd Al-Majeed Al-Ghzawi 2, Nezar Samarah 2, Ahmad Alqudah 2 1Department of Plant Production and Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Al-Balqa’ Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan 2Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Science and Technology P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan Received: 14 January 2008. Accepted: 23 July 2008. Abstract This experiment was carried out during the growing season 2005 at the campus of Jordan University of Science and Technology (32°22” N, 35°49” E), Jordan. Two different Nigella species were used in this experiment; Nigella sativa L. and Nigella damascena L. This study was aimed to identify the bee visitors of Nigella species and the pollination requirements of Nigella flowers grown under semiarid conditions. The results showed that flowers of both Nigella species were visited by seven different bee visitors. However, flowers of N. damascena were more attractive to bees than N. sativa flowers. N. damascena produced on average significantly higher plant, more number of branches per plant, more seed yield, total seed weight and higher number of capsules per plant. On the other hand, N. sativa pro - duced its flowers and matured nearly two weeks earlier than N. damascena. There is no interaction between Nigel - la species and pollination treatments for all yield parameter. N. damascena was higher in number of ovaries, seeds per capsules, seed set percentage, seeds per plant and total seed weight than N. -
A Methodology for Discovering Nigella Sativa, International Recipes, and Its Benefits
A METHODOLOGY FOR DISCOVERING NIGELLA SATIVA, INTERNATIONAL RECIPES, AND ITS BENEFITS: COOKING WITH NIGELLA SATIVA A CREATIVE PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATION SCHOOL IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE MASTER OF ARTS BY HUDA F. AL HERZ DR. ALICE SPANGLER BALL STATE UNIVERSITY MUNCIE, INDIANA JULY 2012 Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 .................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 1 Problem Statement ....................................................................................................................... 1 Purpose/Significance of Current Project ...................................................................................... 2 Rationale ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Assumptions of the Project .......................................................................................................... 3 Limitations ................................................................................................................................... 4 Definition of Terms...................................................................................................................... 5 Nigella Sativa………………………………………………………………………………...5 Antioxidants ………………………………………………….……………………………...5 -
Gardenergardener®
Theh American A n GARDENERGARDENER® The Magazine of the AAmerican Horticultural Societyy January / February 2016 New Plants for 2016 Broadleaved Evergreens for Small Gardens The Dwarf Tomato Project Grow Your Own Gourmet Mushrooms contents Volume 95, Number 1 . January / February 2016 FEATURES DEPARTMENTS 5 NOTES FROM RIVER FARM 6 MEMBERS’ FORUM 8 NEWS FROM THE AHS 2016 Seed Exchange catalog now available, upcoming travel destinations, registration open for America in Bloom beautifi cation contest, 70th annual Colonial Williamsburg Garden Symposium in April. 11 AHS MEMBERS MAKING A DIFFERENCE Dale Sievert. 40 HOMEGROWN HARVEST Love those leeks! page 400 42 GARDEN SOLUTIONS Understanding mycorrhizal fungi. BOOK REVIEWS page 18 44 The Seed Garden and Rescuing Eden. Special focus: Wild 12 NEW PLANTS FOR 2016 BY CHARLOTTE GERMANE gardening. From annuals and perennials to shrubs, vines, and vegetables, see which of this year’s introductions are worth trying in your garden. 46 GARDENER’S NOTEBOOK Link discovered between soil fungi and monarch 18 THE DWARF TOMATO PROJECT BY CRAIG LEHOULLIER butterfl y health, stinky A worldwide collaborative breeds diminutive plants that produce seeds trick dung beetles into dispersal role, regular-size, fl avorful tomatoes. Mt. Cuba tickseed trial results, researchers unravel how plants can survive extreme drought, grant for nascent public garden in 24 BEST SMALL BROADLEAVED EVERGREENS Delaware, Lady Bird Johnson Wildfl ower BY ANDREW BUNTING Center selects new president and CEO. These small to mid-size selections make a big impact in modest landscapes. 50 GREEN GARAGE Seed-starting products. 30 WEESIE SMITH BY ALLEN BUSH 52 TRAVELER’S GUIDE TO GARDENS Alabama gardener Weesie Smith championed pagepage 3030 Quarryhill Botanical Garden, California. -
(Ranunculaceae) Petals
ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15658-2 OPEN The morphology, molecular development and ecological function of pseudonectaries on Nigella damascena (Ranunculaceae) petals Hong Liao1,3, Xuehao Fu 1,2,3, Huiqi Zhao1,2,3, Jie Cheng 1,2, Rui Zhang1, Xu Yao 1, Xiaoshan Duan1, ✉ Hongyan Shan1 & Hongzhi Kong 1,2 1234567890():,; Pseudonectaries, or false nectaries, the glistening structures that resemble nectaries or nectar droplets but do not secrete nectar, show considerable diversity and play important roles in plant-animal interactions. The morphological nature, optical features, molecular underpinnings and ecological functions of pseudonectaries, however, remain largely unclear. Here, we show that pseudonectaries of Nigella damascena (Ranunculaceae) are tiny, regional protrusions covered by tightly arranged, non-secretory polygonal epidermal cells with flat, smooth and reflective surface, and are clearly visible even under ultraviolet light and bee vision. We also show that genes associated with cell division, chloroplast development and wax formation are preferably expressed in pseudonectaries. Specifically, NidaYABBY5,an abaxial gene with ectopic expression in pseudonectaries, is indispensable for pseudonectary development: knockdown of it led to complete losses of pseudonectaries. Notably, when flowers without pseudonectaries were arrayed beside those with pseudonectaries, clear differences were observed in the visiting frequency, probing time and visiting behavior of pollinators (i.e., honey bees), suggesting that pseudonectaries serve as both visual attractants and nectar guides. 1 State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100093 Beijing, China. 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China. -
Black Cumin (Nigella Sativa L.): a Comprehensive Review on Phytochemistry, Health Benefits, Molecular Pharmacology, and Safety
nutrients Review Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.): A Comprehensive Review on Phytochemistry, Health Benefits, Molecular Pharmacology, and Safety Md. Abdul Hannan 1,2,† , Md. Ataur Rahman 3,4,† , Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag 2 , Md. Jamal Uddin 5,6 , Raju Dash 1 , Mahmudul Hasan Sikder 7, Md. Saidur Rahman 8 , Binod Timalsina 1 , Yeasmin Akter Munni 1 , Partha Protim Sarker 5,9 , Mahboob Alam 1,10 , Md. Mohibbullah 11 , Md. Nazmul Haque 12, Israt Jahan 13 , Md. Tahmeed Hossain 2, Tania Afrin 14, Md. Mahbubur Rahman 15 , Md. Tahjib-Ul-Arif 2 , Sarmistha Mitra 1, Diyah Fatimah Oktaviani 1 , Md Kawsar Khan 16,17 , Ho Jin Choi 1, Il Soo Moon 1,* and Bonglee Kim 3,4,* 1 Department of Anatomy, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; [email protected] (M.A.H.); [email protected] (R.D.); [email protected] (B.T.); [email protected] (Y.A.M.); [email protected] (M.A.); [email protected] (S.M.); [email protected] (D.F.O.); [email protected] (H.J.C.) 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; [email protected] (A.A.M.S.); [email protected] (M.T.H.); [email protected] (M.T.-U.-A.) 3 Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; [email protected] 4 Korean Medicine-Based Drug Repositioning Cancer Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Citation: Hannan, M.A.; Rahman, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea 5 M.A.; Sohag, A.A.M.; Uddin, M.J.; ABEx Bio-Research Center, East Azampur, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh; [email protected] (M.J.U.); Dash, R.; Sikder, M.H.; Rahman, M.S.; [email protected] (P.P.S.) 6 Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Timalsina, B.; Munni, Y.A.; Sarker, Seoul 03760, Korea P.P.; et al. -
Effects of Viola Tricolor Flower Hydroethanolic Extract on Lung Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Chronic Asthma
ORIGINAL ARTICLE Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol October 2018; 17(5):409-417. Effects of Viola tricolor Flower Hydroethanolic Extract on Lung Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Chronic Asthma Elham Harati1,2, Maryam Bahrami2, Alireza Razavi3, Mohammad Kamalinejad4, Maryam Mohammadian5, Tayebeh Rastegar6, and Hamid Reza Sadeghipour2 1 Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2 Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3 Department of Pathobiology, Division of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 4 Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 5 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran 6 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Received: 5 October 2017; Received in revised form: 19 December 2017; Accepted: 23 December 2017 ABSTRACT Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lungs driven by T cell activation. Viola tricolor L. as a traditional medical herb could suppress activated T lymphocytes and has been used empirically for asthma remedy. In the present study, we investigated the anti- inflammatory effect of Viola tricolor and its underlying mechanism on asthma characteristics induced by ovalbumin (OVA) in mice. BALB/c mice were randomly divided into six groups: normal control, Ovalbumin (OVA) control, OVA mice treated with Viola tricolor (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) and dexamethasone (3 mg/kg). All mice except normal controls were sensitized and challenged with OVA. Asthmatic mice were treated orally in the last 7 days of OVA challenge. -
Nigella : the Missing Spice in Your Kitchen
NIGELLA : THE MISSING SPICE IN YOUR KITCHEN Image: The delicate Nigella flower comes is many shades of blue and purple Nigella sativa is a plant native to Southern Asia that produces tiny and richly flavoursome jet black seeds. Nigella seeds are known by many other names including black cumin, black caraway, black coriander and Kalongi or Kalonji. These seeds are a popular spice in many cultures including India and the Middle East, having also been used medicinally for many centuries. Today Nigella seeds are used across the globe and not only are they great for enhancing the flavour of many dishes, but we now know a lot more about their incredible array of medicinal benefits as well. Nigella seeds have been extensively studied and found to be anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer and immune enhancing as well as protective for the lungs, kidneys, liver and digestive tract. With these properties its no wonder they are amongst the highest rated evidence-based herbal medicines around. Nigella seed looks similar to a black sesame seed being about the same size however with a unique raindrop shape, making it popular as a decorative spice sprinkled onto breads or tossed through salads. Nigella has a strong, peppery flavour that some say tastes somewhat like oregano and onions. It is commonly used in curries, casseroles, dahl, pickles and to flavour rice as well as an ingredient in spice mixes. In Bengali cuisine, there is a popular spice mix called panch poron, which has cumin, fennel, fenugreek and black mustard seeds mixed with nigella. This aromatic mix can be added to almost anything, from steamed vegetables to bean and lentil dishes. -
Floral Biology and Reproductive Behaviour of Nigella Sativa L. Var. Ajmer Nigella-1
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2018; SP3: 53-58 E-ISSN: 2278-4136 P-ISSN: 2349-8234 National conference on “Conservation, Cultivation and JPP 2018; SP3: 53-58 Utilization of medicinal and Aromatic plants" Diwakar Y (College of Horticulture, Mudigere Karnataka, 2018) Scientist, ICAR-CPCRI, Research Centre, Kidu, Nettana, D.K. Dist., Karnataka, India Floral biology and reproductive behaviour of Nigella Harisha CB sativa L. var. Ajmer Nigella-1 Scientist, Crop Production Division, ICAR- NIASM, Baramati, Maharashtra, India Diwakar Y, Harisha CB, Singh B, Kakani RK and Saxena SN Singh B Vice Chancellor, Abstract Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Nigella sativa L. is an annual herbaceous plant of the family Ranunculaceae. Seed being the economic Rajasthan, India part is the spice of commerce, composed of therapeutically potent metabolites. Owing to its wider application, the plants of Nigella sativa L. are widespread in Mediterranean, Middle European and South Kakani RK Asian countries. The present study is aimed at laying foundation for crop improvement and germplasm Pr. Scientist, Crop Improvement conservation programmes in Nigella sativa L. The results indicate that, plants upon germination takes 58 Division, ICAR- CAZRI, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India to 62 days for initiation of reproductive phase. Pollination activities starts 20 to 25 days later, upon anthesis an individual flower take one day for onset of male phase and on fifth day of anthesis the female Saxena SN part will be receptive. About seventy per cent of the pollens showed viability in terms of invitro Pr. Scientist, ICAR-National germination in media composition of 45 % sucrose + 0.04 % boric acid. The phenotypic indices strongly Research Centre on Seed Spices, reflecting the chronology of flowering events have been identified and illustrated, enabling the breeders Ajmer, Rajasthan, India and curators to assess and carryout the key activities of pollination.