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Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century: Raffaele Fabretti's De Aquis Et Aquaeductibus Veteris Romae Harry B

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Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century: Raffaele Fabretti's De Aquis Et Aquaeductibus Veteris Romae Harry B Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century: Raffaele Fabretti's De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae Harry B. Evans http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=17141 The University of Michigan Press Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century: Raffaele Fabretti's De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae Harry B. Evans http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=17141 The University of Michigan Press Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century Raffaello Fabretti’s De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae by Harry B. Evans THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN PRESS Ann Arbor Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century: Raffaele Fabretti's De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae Harry B. Evans http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=17141 The University of Michigan Press Copyright © by the University of Michigan 2002 All rights reserved Published in the United States of America by The University of Michigan Press Manufactured in the United States of America c Printed on acid-free paper 2005 2004 2003 2002 4321 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher. A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Evans, Harry B. Aqueduct hunting in the seventeenth century : Raffaello Fabretti’s De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae / by Harry B. Evans. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-472-11248-1 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Fabretti, Raffaele, 1618–1700. De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae. 2. Water-supply—Italy—Rome. 3. Aqueducts—Italy—Rome. 4. Rome (Italy)—Antiquities. I. Title. TD280.R6 E93 2002 628.1'5'0937—dc21 2002000562 Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century: Raffaele Fabretti's De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae Harry B. Evans http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=17141 The University of Michigan Press UXORI OPTIMAE Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century: Raffaele Fabretti's De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae Harry B. Evans http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=17141 The University of Michigan Press Acknowledgments y debts in completing this study of Fabretti’s De aquis are many and M varied. First, I am greatly indebted to the Library of the American Academy in Rome, where most of the research was done, and to its ever helpful staff, as well as to the indispensable Biblioteca Apostolica Vati- cana with its incomparable collection of books and manuscripts, most important among them for my study being the 1788 Barbiellini edition of Fabretti’s text. I am most grateful to the administration of the Vatican Library for kindly permitting me to reproduce Fabretti’s map of the Roman Campagna, as well as to the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University for permission to photograph and reproduce the other ‹gures from the original edition of 1680. Fordham University generously supported my work through a Faculty Fellowship during the 1996–97 academic year, a reduction in teaching load in the spring of 1999, and several grants to offset travel and research expenses. I am indeed grateful to my home institution for this commit- ment to scholarly research. Many scholars and colleagues on both sides of the Atlantic have also been most helpful. Robert Rodgers very kindly made available to me the text and commentary of his forthcoming edition of Frontinus’s De aquae- ductu; aqueduct hunters all over the world have been eagerly awaiting its publication, and it was a tremendous help to have a sneak preview of it. In addition, I am greatly indebted to Giovanna Tedeschi Grisanti, who Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century: Raffaele Fabretti's De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae Harry B. Evans http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=17141 The University of Michigan Press viii acknowledgments encouraged me in this undertaking some six years ago; to Lorenzo Quilici, who generously shared with me his extensive knowledge of both Rome’s aqueduct system and Fabretti’s topographical stomping grounds; and to the readers for the University of Michigan Press and my expert copy editor Jill Butler Wilson, who caught many infelicities and errors in the manuscript I submitted. Of course, I take full responsibility for the mistakes that remain. After this book had already gone to page proof, Christer Bruun very kindly made available to me a copy of a recently published article directly relevant to my study, “Frontinus, Pope Paul V, and the Aqua Alsietina/ Traiana Confusion,” BSR 69 (2001): 299–315. I am happy to say that we are in substantial agreement about the seventeenth-century confusion Fabretti attempted to clarify in his first dissertation, and it is a pleasure to acknowledge this assistance, one more example of the valuable help I have received from colleagues in completing this work. My greatest debt is to my wonderful wife, Fran, to whom this book is lovingly dedicated. Although hardly an ardent fan of aqueduct hunting, she has kindly put up with one. In addition, as an expert editor, she read through my ‹nal draft, catching all sorts of embarrassing mistakes and improving my translation and prose style at many points. Her affectionate help and support in bringing this project to its conclusion mean more to me than I can say. Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century: Raffaele Fabretti's De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae Harry B. Evans http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=17141 The University of Michigan Press Contents Figures xi Abbreviations xiii Introduction 1 Chapter One Fabretti the Aqueduct Hunter 4 Chapter Two Fabretti’s De aquis 10 Chapter Three Dissertation I on the Waters and Aqueducts of Ancient Rome 19 Chapter Four Dissertation II on the Waters and Aqueducts of Ancient Rome 101 Chapter Five Dissertation III on the Waters and Aqueducts of Ancient Rome 185 Chapter Six Conclusion 268 Works Cited 281 General Index 291 Index of Ancient Authors 305 Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century: Raffaele Fabretti's De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae Harry B. Evans http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=17141 The University of Michigan Press Figures igures 1–36 are courtesy of the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript F Library, Yale University. Fig. 1. Topographical map of Latium from Rome to Labicum showing the course of the Aqua Alexandrina and other aqueducts 22 Fig. 2. Aqua Alexandrina: double arcade close to the city 25 Fig. 3. Aqua Alexandrina: single arcade in the Valle di Pantano 26 Fig. 4. Aqua Alexandrina: settling tank near the aqueduct intake 26 Fig. 5. Brick stamp from Aqua Alexandrina [CIL XV, 211.14] 30 Fig. 6. Aqua Marcia: arcade at Settebassi 33 Fig. 7. Cross section of aqueduct arcades entering the city at Spes Vetus: Aqua Anio Novus, Aqua Claudia, Aqua Julia, Aqua Tepula, Aqua Marcia 34 Fig. 8. Arcades of the Aqua Claudia and the Arcus Caelimontani branch 37 Fig. 9. “Trophies of Marius” castellum: plan 39 Fig. 10. Aqua Anio Vetus and Aqua Marcia: plan of conduits underground near Porta Capena 47 Fig. 11. Aqua Appia: cross section of underground conduit 49 Fig. 12. “Arco di Druso” and coin representation of the Arcus Drusi 50 Fig. 13. Arch of Augustus at Rimini 52 Fig. 14. Porta Tiburtina (Porta S. Lorenzo) 53 Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century: Raffaele Fabretti's De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae Harry B. Evans http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=17141 The University of Michigan Press xii figures Fig. 15. Brick stamp from Monte del Grano tomb [CIL XV, 2313b.3] 63 Fig. 16. Monte del Grano tomb: cross section 64 Fig. 17. Topographical map of the upper Anio Valley between Tivoli and Carsoli 104 Fig. 18. Cippus of M. Albutius [CIL VI, 10588] 110 Fig. 19. Possible representation of the Aqua Claudia 127 Fig. 20. Votive relief to the nymphs [CIL VI, 30791 = 547] 130 Fig. 21. Fragmentary votive relief to the nymphs [CIL VI, 554] 131 Fig. 22. Votive relief to the nymphs, Silvanus, and Hercules [CIL VI, 549] 132 Fig. 23. Tomb of the Nasonii: painting of Pegasus and the nymphs 134 Fig. 24. Funerary relief depicting the three Graces [CIL VI, 10036] 135 Fig. 25. Votive relief to the Suleviae [CIL VI, 768] 137 Fig. 26. Settling tank at the “Villa delle Vignacce”: cross section and plan 148 Fig. 27. Settling tank on the Via Latina 150 Fig. 28. Aqua Virgo: cross section of settling tank in the Campus Martius 151 Fig. 29. Settling tank: plan 152 Fig. 30. Coin of L. Marcius Philippus, with arcade of Aqua Marcia 157 Fig. 31. Topographical map of Latium depicting settlements adjacent to Rome 188 Fig. 32. Plan of ancient Rome, with gates and major roads from the city 192 Fig. 33. Inscription depicting staggered distribution from water source [CIL VI, 1261] 201 Fig. 34. Emporium structure: plan 212 Fig. 35. Porticus: cross section 213 Fig. 36. Cross section of vaulted chamber 214 Fig. 37. Topographical map of Latium showing the course of the Via Latina, with the Algidus and Praenestine mountains 228 Fig. 38. Courses of the aqueducts east of Rome and Fabretti’s topographical maps 278 Aqueduct Hunting in the Seventeenth Century: Raffaele Fabretti's De aquis et aquaeductibus veteris Romae Harry B. Evans http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=17141 The University of Michigan Press Abbreviations bbreviations in the text and notes follow closely those listed in the A Oxford Classical Dictionary (3d ed., 1996) and AJA 95 (1991): 1–16. Wherever possible, works are cited from reprint editions indicated in Works Cited.
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