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Analyzing Programming Languages' Energy Consumption: an Empirical Study
Analyzing Programming Languages’ Energy Consumption: An Empirical Study Stefanos Georgiou Maria Kechagia Diomidis Spinellis Athens University of Economics and Delft University of Technology Athens University of Economics and Business Delft, The Netherlands Business Athens, Greece [email protected] Athens, Greece [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT increase of energy consumption.1 Recent research conducted by Motivation: Shifting from traditional local servers towards cloud Gelenbe and Caseau [7] and Van Heddeghem et al. [14] indicates a computing and data centers—where different applications are facil- rising trend of the it sector energy requirements. It is expected to itated, implemented, and communicate in different programming reach 15% of the world’s total energy consumption by 2020. languages—implies new challenges in terms of energy usage. Most of the studies, for energy efficiency, have considered energy Goal: In this preliminary study, we aim to identify energy implica- consumption at hardware level. However, there is much of evidence tions of small, independent tasks developed in different program- that software can also alter energy dissipation significantly [2, 5, 6]. 2 3 ming languages; compiled, semi-compiled, and interpreted ones. Therefore, many conference tracks (e.g. greens, eEnergy) have Method: To achieve our purpose, we collected, refined, compared, recognized the energy–efficiency at the software level as an emerg- and analyzed a number of implemented tasks from Rosetta Code, ing research challenge regarding the implementation of modern that is a publicly available Repository for programming chrestomathy. systems. Results: Our analysis shows that among compiled programming Nowadays, more companies are shifting from traditional local languages such as C, C++, Java, and Go offers the highest energy servers and mainframes towards the data centers. -
Rosetta Code: Improv in Any Language
Rosetta Code: Improv in Any Language Piotr Mirowski1, Kory Mathewson1, Boyd Branch1,2 Thomas Winters1,3, Ben Verhoeven1,4, Jenny Elfving1 1Improbotics (https://improbotics.org) 2University of Kent, United Kingdom 3KU Leuven, Dept. of Computer Science; Leuven.AI, Belgium 4ERLNMYR, Belgium Abstract Rosetta Code provides improv theatre performers with artificial intelligence (AI)-based technology to perform shows understandable across many different languages. We combine speech recognition, improv chatbots and language translation tools to enable improvisers to com- municate with each other while being understood—or comically misunderstood—by multilingual audiences. We describe the technology underlying Rosetta Code, detailing the speech recognition, machine translation, text generation and text-to-speech subsystems. We then describe scene structures that feature the system in performances in multilingual shows (9 languages). We provide evaluative feedback from performers, au- Figure 1: Example of a performed Telephone Game. Per- diences, and critics. From this feedback, we draw formers are aligned and one whispers to their partner on analogies between surrealism, absurdism, and multilin- the right a phrase in a foreign language (here, in Swedish), gual AI improv. Rosetta Code creates a new form of language-based absurdist improv. The performance re- which is then repeated to the following performer, until the mains ephemeral and performers of different languages last utterance is voiced into automated speech recognition can express themselves and their culture while accom- and translation to show how information is lost. modating the linguistic diversity of audiences. in which it is performed. Given that improv is based on the Introduction connection between the audience and the performers, watch- Theatre is one of the most important tools we have for shar- ing improv in a foreign language severely limits this link. -
Lisp Exercises
Language-Oriented Programming Assignment Author: Prof. Dr. Bernhard Humm, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences More Lisp exercises You can find a list of 99 Lisp problems on http://picolisp.com/wiki/?99problems . Select problems you like most. Below you find a selection by me. For all problems: 1. Use recursion and the functions for list processing and mathematics presented in the lecture. You may also use the higher-order functions detect, select, collect, and reduce for solving the exercises. Do not use the Lisp loop macro! 2. Implement a test case and a suitable function and then test your implementation. 1 Working with lists P03 (*) Find the K'th element of a list. The first element in the list is number 1. Example: * (element-at '(a b c d e) 3) C P05 (*) Reverse a list. P06 (*) Find out whether a list is a palindrome. A palindrome can be read forward or backward; e.g. (x a m a x). P15 (**) Replicate the elements of a list a given number of times. Example: * (repli '(a b c) 3) (A A A B B B C C C) Page 1 Language-Oriented Programming P22 (*) Create a list containing all integers within a given range. If second argument is smaller than first, produce a list in descending order. Example: * (range 4 9) (4 5 6 7 8 9) 2 Arithmetic P31 (**) Determine whether a given integer number is prime. Example: * (is-prime 7) T P32 (**) Determine the greatest common divisor of two positive integer numbers. Use Euclid's algorithm. Example: * (gcd 36 63) 9 P35 (**) Determine the prime factors of a given positive integer. -
Mixing R with Other Languages JOHN D
Mixing R with other languages JOHN D. COOK, PHD SINGULAR VALUE CONSULTING Why R? Libraries, libraries, libraries De facto standard for statistical research Nice language, as far as statistical languages go “Quirky, flawed, and an enormous success.” Why mix languages? Improve performance of R code Execution speed (e.g. loops) Memory management Raid R’s libraries How to optimize R Vectorize Rewrite not using R A few R quirks Everything is a vector Everything can be null or NA Unit-offset vectors Zero index legal but strange Negative indices remove elements Matrices filled by column by default $ acts like dot, dot not special C package interface Must manage low-level details of R object model and memory Requires Rtools on Windows Lots of macros like REALSXP, PROTECT, and UNPROTECT Use C++ (Rcpp) instead “I do not recommend using C for writing new high-performance code. Instead write C++ with Rcpp.” – Hadley Wickham Rcpp The most widely used extension method for R Call C, C++, or Fortran from R Companion project RInside to call R from C++ Extensive support even for advanced C++ Create R packages or inline code http://rcpp.org Dirk Eddelbuettel’s book Simple Rcpp example library(Rcpp) cppFunction('int add(int x, int y, int z) { int sum = x + y + z; return sum; }') add(1, 2, 3) .NET RDCOM http://sunsite.univie.ac.at/rcom/ F# type provider for R http://bluemountaincapital.github.io/FSharpRProvider/ R.NET https://rdotnet.codeplex.com/ SQL Server 2016 execute sp_execute_external_script @language = N'R' , @script = -
An Overview About Basic for Qt® from July 17, 2012
An overview about Basic For Qt® from July 17, 2012 Contents An overview about Basic For Qt®..................................................................................................1 Object-Oriented...........................................................................................................................2 Event-Driven...............................................................................................................................2 Basic For Qt® Framework..........................................................................................................3 The Integrated Development Environment (IDE) - To simplify application development.............4 IDE Contents...............................................................................................................................4 Toolbox.......................................................................................................................................4 Project Window...........................................................................................................................4 Properties Windows....................................................................................................................4 Code / Design view.....................................................................................................................4 Review........................................................................................................................................4 Getting Started - Making -
Snapshots of Open Source Project Management Software
International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management United Kingdom ISSN 2348 0386 Vol. VIII, Issue 10, Oct 2020 http://ijecm.co.uk/ SNAPSHOTS OF OPEN SOURCE PROJECT MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE Balaji Janamanchi Associate Professor of Management Division of International Business and Technology Studies A.R. Sanchez Jr. School of Business, Texas A & M International University Laredo, Texas, United States of America [email protected] Abstract This study attempts to present snapshots of the features and usefulness of Open Source Software (OSS) for Project Management (PM). The objectives include understanding the PM- specific features such as budgeting project planning, project tracking, time tracking, collaboration, task management, resource management or portfolio management, file sharing and reporting, as well as OSS features viz., license type, programming language, OS version available, review and rating in impacting the number of downloads, and other such usage metrics. This study seeks to understand the availability and accessibility of Open Source Project Management software on the well-known large repository of open source software resources, viz., SourceForge. Limiting the search to “Project Management” as the key words, data for the top fifty OS applications ranked by the downloads is obtained and analyzed. Useful classification is developed to assist all stakeholders to understand the state of open source project management (OSPM) software on the SourceForge forum. Some updates in the ranking and popularity of software since -
Using Tcl to Curate Openstreetmap Kevin B
Using Tcl to curate OpenStreetMap Kevin B. Kenny 5 November 2019 The massive OpenStreetMap project, which aims to crowd-source a detailed map of the entire Earth, occasionally benefits from the import of public-domain data, usually from one or another government. Tcl, used with only a handful of extensions to orchestrate a large suite of external tools, has proven to be a valuable framework in carrying out the complex tasks involved in such an import. This paper presents a sample workflow of several such imports and how Tcl enables it. mapped. In some cases, the only acceptable approach is to Introduction avoid importing the colliding object altogether. OpenStreetMap (https://www.openstreetmap.org/) is an This paper discusses some case studies in using Tcl scripts ambitious project to use crowdsourcing, or the open-source to manage the task of data import, including data format model of development, to map the entire world in detail. In conversion, managing of the relatively easy data integrity effect, OpenStreetMap aims to be to the atlas what issues such as topological inconsistency, identifying objects Wikipedia is to the encyclopaedia. for conflation, and applying the changes. In many ways, it Project contributors (who call themselves, “mappers,” in gets back to the roots of Tcl. There is no ‘programming in preference to any more formal term like “surveyors”) use the large’ to be done here. The scripts are no more than a tools that work with established programming interfaces to few hundred lines, and all the intensive calculation and data edit a database with a radically simple structure and map management is done in an existing ecosystem of tools. -
Steps-In-Scala.Pdf
This page intentionally left blank STEPS IN SCALA An Introduction to Object-Functional Programming Object-functional programming is already here. Scala is the most prominent rep- resentative of this exciting approach to programming, both in the small and in the large. In this book we show how Scala proves to be a highly expressive, concise, and scalable language, which grows with the needs of the programmer, whether professional or hobbyist. Read the book to see how to: • leverage the full power of the industry-proven JVM technology with a language that could have come from the future; • learn Scala step-by-step, following our complete introduction and then dive into spe- cially chosen design challenges and implementation problems, inspired by the real-world, software engineering battlefield; • embrace the power of static typing and automatic type inference; • use the dual object and functional oriented natures combined at Scala’s core, to see how to write code that is less “boilerplate” and to witness a real increase in productivity. Use Scala for fun, for professional projects, for research ideas. We guarantee the experience will be rewarding. Christos K. K. Loverdos is a research inclined computer software profes- sional. He holds a B.Sc. and an M.Sc. in Computer Science. He has been working in the software industry for more than ten years, designing and implementing flex- ible, enterprise-level systems and making strategic technical decisions. He has also published research papers on topics including digital typography, service-oriented architectures, and highly available distributed systems. Last but not least, he is an advocate of open source software. -
Using Domain Specific Language for Modeling and Simulation: Scalation As a Case Study
Proceedings of the 2010 Winter Simulation Conference B. Johansson, S. Jain, J. Montoya-Torres, J. Hugan, and E. Yucesan,¨ eds. USING DOMAIN SPECIFIC LANGUAGE FOR MODELING AND SIMULATION: SCALATION AS A CASE STUDY John A. Miller Jun Han Maria Hybinette Department of Computer Science University of Georgia Athens, GA, 30602, USA ABSTRACT Progress in programming paradigms and languages has over time influenced the way that simulation programs are written. Modern object-oriented, functional programming languages are expressive enough to define embedded Domain Specific Languages (DSLs). The Scala programming language is used to implement ScalaTion that supports several popular simulation modeling paradigms. As a case study, ScalaTion is used to consider how language features of object-oriented, functional programming languages and Scala in particular can be used to write simulation programs that are clear, concise and intuitive to simulation modelers. The dichotomy between “model specification” and “simulation program” is also considered both historically and in light of the potential narrowing of the gap afforded by embedded DSLs. 1 INTRODUCTION As one learns simulation the importance of the distinction between “model specification” and “simulation program” is made clear. In the initial period (Nance 1996), the distinction was indeed important as models were expressed in a combination of natural language (e.g., English) and mathematics, while the simulation programs implementing the models were written in Fortran. The gap was huge. Over time, the gap has narrowed through the use of more modern general-purpose programming languages (GPLs) with improved readability and conciseness. Besides advances in general-purpose languages, the developers of Simulation Programming Languages (SPLs) have made major contributions. -
Hello World/Web Server - Rosetta Code
Hello world/Web server - Rosetta Code http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Hello_world/Web_server Hello world/Web server From Rosetta Code < Hello world The browser is the new GUI! Hello world/Web The task is to serve our standard text "Goodbye, World!" to server http://localhost:8080/ so that it can be viewed with a web browser. You are The provided solution must start or implement a server that accepts encouraged to multiple client connections and serves text as requested. solve this task according to the task description, Note that starting a web browser or opening a new window with using any language you this URL is not part of the task. Additionally, it is permissible to may know. serve the provided page as a plain text file (there is no requirement to serve properly formatted HTML here). The browser will generally do the right thing with simple text like this. Contents 1 Ada 2 AWK 3 BBC BASIC 4 C 5 C++ 6 C# 7 D 8 Delphi 9 Dylan.NET 10 Erlang 11 Fantom 12 Go 13 Haskell 14 Io 15 J 16 Java 17 JavaScript 18 Liberty BASIC 19 Modula-2 20 NetRexx 21 Objeck 22 OCaml 23 Opa 24 Perl 25 Perl 6 26 PicoLisp 27 Prolog 28 PureBasic 29 PHP 30 Python 1 sur 18 19/07/2013 19:57 Hello world/Web server - Rosetta Code http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Hello_world/Web_server 31 Racket 32 REALbasic 33 Ruby 34 Run BASIC 35 Salmon 36 Seed7 37 Smalltalk 38 Tcl Ada Library: AWS Uses many defaults, such as 5 max simultaneous connections. -
IDOL Connector Framework Server 12.0 Administration Guide
Connector Framework Server Software Version 12.0 Administration Guide Document Release Date: June 2018 Software Release Date: June 2018 Administration Guide Legal notices Copyright notice © Copyright 2018 Micro Focus or one of its affiliates. The only warranties for products and services of Micro Focus and its affiliates and licensors (“Micro Focus”) are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. Micro Focus shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. Trademark notices Adobe™ is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Microsoft® and Windows® are U.S. registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. UNIX® is a registered trademark of The Open Group. Documentation updates The title page of this document contains the following identifying information: l Software Version number, which indicates the software version. l Document Release Date, which changes each time the document is updated. l Software Release Date, which indicates the release date of this version of the software. To verify you are using the most recent edition of a document, go to https://softwaresupport.softwaregrp.com/group/softwaresupport/search-result?doctype=online help. You will also receive new or updated editions of documentation if you subscribe to the appropriate product support service. Contact your Micro Focus sales representative for details. To check for new versions of software, go to https://www.hpe.com/software/entitlements. To check for recent software patches, go to https://softwaresupport.softwaregrp.com/patches. The sites listed in this section require you to sign in with a Software Passport. -
Comparative Programming Languages CM20253
We have briefly covered many aspects of language design And there are many more factors we could talk about in making choices of language The End There are many languages out there, both general purpose and specialist And there are many more factors we could talk about in making choices of language The End There are many languages out there, both general purpose and specialist We have briefly covered many aspects of language design The End There are many languages out there, both general purpose and specialist We have briefly covered many aspects of language design And there are many more factors we could talk about in making choices of language Often a single project can use several languages, each suited to its part of the project And then the interopability of languages becomes important For example, can you easily join together code written in Java and C? The End Or languages And then the interopability of languages becomes important For example, can you easily join together code written in Java and C? The End Or languages Often a single project can use several languages, each suited to its part of the project For example, can you easily join together code written in Java and C? The End Or languages Often a single project can use several languages, each suited to its part of the project And then the interopability of languages becomes important The End Or languages Often a single project can use several languages, each suited to its part of the project And then the interopability of languages becomes important For example, can you easily