July 1992 Quaker Thought FRIENDS and Life OURNAL Today

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TRANSITIONS • MONTEVERDE: A UTOPIA FORTY YEARS LATER • DISCOVERING THE CENTER OF QUAKERISM • Among Friends Editor-Manager Vinton Deming Associate Editor Melissa Kay Elliott From a Pacifist's Workbook Art Director Barbara Benton Advertising Manager Catherine Frost his is about what it means to be a pacifist, a position to which I Circulation and Promotion aspire and for which I don't always qualify. I present here three Nagendran Gulendran T scenes from my lifetime workbook: one scene of hope, one of ~pesettlng Services bewilderment, and one of anger-and realization. James Rice and Susan Jordhamo Secretarial Services Let's start with something idyllic and get to the hard stuff later. Edward Sargent Picture a balmy evening at an ashram in India. Thirty women from Bookkeeper different cultures and countries are seated outdoors at the feet of an James Neveil aged man who was once a disciple of Gandhi. The sky overhead is dark, Editorial Assistant Timothy Drake our circle dimly lit by a lamp next to his chair. As we offer our Volunteers questions, frustrations, and hopes for peacemaking, the gathering J ane Burgess, Anders Hansen , Emily Conlon becomes a worship-sharing group, punctuated by silence and some Bo•rd of M•n•gers 1989-1992: Jennie Allen (Secretary), Richard thoughtful tears. We are brown, yellow, black, pink, and freckled. We Eldridge (Assistant Clerk), Bernard Haviland, are. Hindu, Muslim, Christian, Jew, and Universalist. And this is the first Eric Larsen, Marcia Mason, Janet Norton, David Samuel, Carolyn Sprogell, Wilmer time in my life I understand how deeply people all over the world want Tjossem, Alice Wiser peace, want oneness, want mutual respect. If we stood together, perhaps 1990-1993: Clement Alexandre, Marguerite Clark, Lee Neff, Mary Ellen Singsen we could hold up the Earth. 1991-1994: Frank Bjornsgaard, Emily Conlon, Now, join me on my trip to work, riding a North Philadelphia subway Nancy Cocks Culleton, Barbara Dinhofer, Sam Legg (Clerk), Parry Jones, Richard Moses the morning after the Rodney King verdict. The majority of riders in this (Treasurer), H arry Scott, Larry Spears, Robert part of town are African Americans. Usually, it's a lively ride, and I Sutton, Carolyn Terrell enjoy seeing people with their children, teenagers flirting and trying to Honorary M•n•gers Eleanor Stabler Clarke, Mildred Binns Young impress each other, old friends yakking it up, others reading, ~nd sometimes a Bible student preaching at us. But today there is a FRIENDS JOURNAL (ISSN 0016-1322) was deadening silence. People stare blankly into space. I can feel the established in 1955 as the successor to The Friend (1827-1955) and Friends lntelligencer discouragement, the pent-up anger, and I am aware, as never before, (1844-1955). It is associated wit h the Religious that I do not ever really share other people's lives or know their sorrows. Society of Friends. I can only share their humanity and live beside them. ° FRIE NDS JOURNAL is published monthly by Friends Publishing CorpOration , 1501 Cherry St., Now, look in on in a recent Philadelphia traffic jam in which I am Philadelphia, PA 19102-1497. Telephone (215) stuck in my ancient, slightly rusted, small, and pokey car. I'm dripping 241-7277. Accepted as second-class postage at Philadelphia, Pa. and additional mailing offices. sweat and trying to be patient. It's at least 90-degrees, with humidity to • Subscriptions: one year $18, two years $34. match. From behind comes a big, noisy, powerful car, which swings Add $6 per year for postage to countries outside around the waiting line and tries to nose in two cars ahead of me. But the U.S., Canada, and Mexico. Individual copies $2 each. those cars are big enough to pull by without giving ground. So, he • Information on and assistance with wedges his car in front of mine, forces me against the cars parked by the advert ising is available on request. Appearance curb, and flips me a well-known hand signal. I lean on the horn and of any advertisement does not imply endorsement by FRIENDS JOURNAL. wish I had more power or the nerve to scrape him. As he pulls away, I • Postmaster: send address changes to wish his window were closer so I could yell names at him, and even as FRIENDS JoURNAL , 1501 Cherry St., Philadelphia, PA 19102-1 497 I'm wanting that more than anything, I realize, with a clunk, that's what • Copyright © 1992 by Friends Publishing violence is all about. How does it feel to be powerless? to be Corporation. Reprints of articles available at disregarded? to be mistreated? I want to fight back, and I'm the same as nominal cost. Permission should be received before reprinting excerpts longer than 200 everyone else. word s. Available in microfilm from University Pacifism isn't about what I would do if someone were beating my Microfilms International. grandmother; it's about what I am doing now, over the little' things. PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER So, there you have it: three pages in a workbook and no conclusions. I invite you to add your own, because we're all in this together. Micah 6:8 makes it sound simple: " ... and what does the Lord require of you Moving? but to do justice, and to love kindness, and to walk humbly with your God?" Let us update In my case, make that one step at a time. The words of an old family prayer say it better: "Remind us, God, that we are not here to perform your subscription great tasks, but to do small tasks with the greatest possible love." and address. Write or call: FRIENDS JouRNAL, 1501 Cherry St., Philadelphia, PA 19102-1497 (215) 241-7277; Fax (215) 568-1377

2 " July 1992 FRIENDS J oURNAL July 1992 FRIENDS Volume 38, No. 7 JOURNAL Features Departments 7 '&ansltlons 2 Among Friends Margaret Hope Bacon Unlike mountain climbing, in life there is no turning back. 4 Forum 9 Monteverde: Utopia 40 Years Later 5 VIewpoint William McCord 30 Reports This Quaker experiment is thriving. 32 FCNLNotes 14 Discovering the Center of Quakerism Marty Walton, Bill Taber, Frances Irene Taber 33 Life of the Meeting Seeking the place that includes all Friends 34 Parents' Corner 18 Friends Membership: 1980 and 1990 36 News of Friends Kenneth lves Our numbers have declined to nearly 100,000. 38 Bulletin Board 19 'As If I am Being Held' (Ute's Story) Calendar Melissa Kay Elliott 40 Books The currents of war shaped this Friend's faith. 44 Resources 21 A Childhood in Palestine 45 Milestones Diana Wells Children of war accept danger and look back as adults. 46 Classified

24 Naming the Name Poetry Martha Paxson Grundy Do we worship a nameless spirit, or is it Christ Jesus? 8 Faith Edward A. Dougherty 26 Advice to Friends About Diversity John C. Morgan 23 The Many-Storied he Who are we, and what will we tolerate? Kenneth Haase 27 A Quaker Universalist's Credo Donald Campbell These points help clarify Universalism. 28 No Longer Pagans or Heathens Homer A. Jack An 1893 celebration of intellectual and moral achievement

Cover drawing by Lucy Sikes

fRIENDS JOURNAL July" 1992 3 Forum

membership as a Friend. Susanna A joyful uplift Thomas is absolutely correct in asserting that the metaphor "goddess worship" What a joyful uplift for this old causes difficulty in the minds of Friends. Civilian Public Servicer (1942-46) to read To a true Quaker, goddess worship, of the testimonies against the Gulf War whether intended as a metaphor or of young Friends Noah Rorem, Andrew formal means of prayer, does not belong Stout, Jesse Hepperly, the young female in the canon of beliefs of the Religious member of Chambersburg (Pa.) Meeting, Society of Friends. The act of taking (out Joanna Toy, Josh and Ryon McQueen of context) religious disciplines that (FJ March)! Can we imagine a world that belong to a religion different from would come about if all of its young Christianity and applying it to Christian people under 15 gave the same response ways of worship is sacreligious. It is also to preparations for and sanctioning of an abuse of the practices belonging to the war that these seven did? May their tribe religion from which it is taken. increase! Unfortunately, this is becoming a trend Charles E. Moran, Jr. Some members of our meeting have actively supported the Peace Tax Fund that is not peculiar to Quakers. Free Union, Va. since its inception. We are pleased that it As evident from Thomas's article, the will be having a congressional hearing in desire to engage in unchristian practices May, and we will be busy contacting of this nature seem to be, in part, Not appropriate representatives and writing letters. directly related to the tiresome maxim_, The FRIENDS JouRNAL is very " the Bible's patriarchal language is I was disturbed by the "Quaker Rap" important to this meeting. We use some offensive to women." Deconstructing the (FJ February) reprinted from Friends of the articles as the basis for discussions Bible by changing the pronouns in the Bulletin! Respect for the creative powers in First-day classes. We depend on it for psalms, hymns, and select passages in of our bodies is not enhanced by the use news of the wider world of Friends, for order to construct a feminist Quaker of crude, gutter language. inspiration, and sometimes just for fun. canon will surely destroy 300 years of While not actually printed, the coarse I've always loved it, and it just keeps walking in the Light. Of this I want no terms were obvious, one verse concluding getting better. part. with a word of similar sound, and the We send the enclosed check as a token The " mothers of feminism" (also a next with a non-rhyming word. It is sad of our support and solidarity in Friends' misnomer) Thomas refers to would not that an otherwise imaginative "rap" was resistance to war. Thank you for the only have been horrified at the notion of thus marred by obvious crudities, which example you have set for us all. fixating on the goddess Kali during the reader is expected to supply. worship, but also at Thomas's assertion Yvonne Boeger that Jesus could have taught us to pray, George W. Marshfield for Live Oak Meeting "Our Mother who is in heaven .... " Coopersburg, Pa. Houston, Tex. (Jesus could only have taught us to pray "Our Father" because his mother, Mary, We are grateful to the Board of was here on earth and his father, God, is War tax resistance Managers of FRIENDS JouRNAL for its in heaven.) Intentionally distorting what courage in standing in support of Vint Jesus taught for self-indulgent purposes is I applaud you for your war tax Deming in his quiet and persistant a dangerous road to embark upon. resistance stand, and can certainly resistance to paying taxes for war. It does Quaker women in history left us a rich sympathize with the editor and with not matter that IRS will get the taxes and legacy of walking in the Light of Truth FRIENDS JouRNAL for the problems you even more. Most important is the as exemplified by Christ during his life are having with the IRS (FJ May). As a example of a Quaker religious employer here on earth. These women would war tax resister myself for the past providing support to staff who endeavor probably grieve the way I do that the quarter of a century, I have had some to live according to Friends' teachings. miracle of understanding the mystery of brushes with the IRS myself and know The JoURNAL has run considerable risk Christ has been lost to the likes of a what it is like. and incurred heavy expenses. We enclose goddess named Kali. I also appreciate your giving publicity our check as a demonstration of our Stacey L. Klaman to the subject. I know that not many support. We think that many other Brooklyn, N.Y. Quakers take this position, and giving the Friends will want to help carry the matter this extensive coverage just might financial burden of this witness. FRIENDS A chauvinistic, warlike God may be encourage more to take this stand. JOURNAL is much needed in the Quaker someone's ideal of God, 'but it is not the world and beyond, so we must keep it Quaker ideal. So why react so strongly Duane Magill publishing. against an idea that isn't even our own. Los Angeles, Calif. Lillian and George Willoughby If you were raised in a church or family Deptford, N.J. that espoused this idea, lay it down and Last Sunday, during meeting for pick up the special revelation that we business, members of Live Oak (Tex.) fOur thanks to all those who have sent have been given as Quakers. Read Fox's Meeting discussed the importance of war checks! We'll have a full report later in pastoral letters and Woolman's Journal. tax resistance as a means of witnessing to the summer. -Eds.) They are about many things, but Friends' long-standing opposition to all primarily they are about God. forms of war and violence. Why reject a God who is believed to We are particularly concerned with Goddess worship be male and warlike and replace Him Vinton Deming's witness and want you to with a female God of death and know we support both Vinton and the Reading "The Miracle of destruction like Kali? Board of Managers in the decisions you Understanding" (FJ February) has moved The Quaker ideal is one of genuine have made in this long struggle. me one step closer to resigning my equality for both men and women, of

4 July 1992 FRIENDS JOURNAL value for all people, not superiority for women-a belief in a holy, omniscient, Children, Go Where I Send Thee· omnipotent Creator who is neither male nor female. Denying your heritage in an tatement reported in "On Wor­ dren by stereotyping and isolating them: attempt to correct the wrongs that ship after the Manner of Friends" Stereotyping is twice cursed: it shrinks the women have endured in the world or to (FJ December 1991) has raised character, perceptiveness and social crea­ solace yourself for the wrongs done to some concerns. The article says, "Children tivity of the stereotyper, and it stunts the you as an individual does not seem to me have a place in worship, but it is the place growth of the stereotyped. It unleashes to be either the right way or a very of the learner." I am uneasy about that hostile, insecure young adults on a socie­ efficient way of going about it. assertion because we are all learners in ty that is already fearful. We don't have God would seem to have had us i-n worship and because children have equal to play the age-grading, child-stereotyping mind eons ago when the universe was rights to experience meeting for worship. game, but we do. Instead of finding new created. If you can believe what you hear However long we may have been attend­ ways to bring our children into partner­ on "Nova," we are made of the star dust ing meeting, we are still learning. It is a ships with us, we exert endless ingenuity from the original big bang. Be this as it lifelong process, learning to worship, and in developing programs for them. may, the incredible creative power needed we would miss much if we specified some So how do we include children? How to produce the universe is very different point at which we were fmished with learn­ do we help them feel a part of the life of from the sexual creation of a baby. One ing. I can't suppose that any of us would the meeting? We could start by eliminat­ way that we share with God in creation is feel comfortable designating two groups ing the separate-but-equal programs. His­ by having children, but sexual in worship: those who are learning and torically, children participated in all of reproduction as a means of creation is a those who already know. meeting for worship, not just a fraction very late invention. Then why would we do that with chil­ of it. When we age-segregate by creating It is wrong to minimize God's creative dren? To say that children are only learn­ separate programs for children, do we power by fussing about whether to use a ers is to imply that they have nothing to really intend to say that children are not male or a female pronoun for God. This teach us, that they have no gifts. Are we as worthy as adults? Or are we merely fol­ is to create God in our image rather than saying that children are inherently less lowing the leadings, not of the Spirit, but turning to the Lord and "with open face spiritual than adults? of the larger society, a society which seeks behold as in a glass, the Glory of the The Religious Society of Friends has a to separate us into categories rather than Lord, and are changed into the same problem when it champions equality and unite us in community? image, from Glory to Glory ... " (Fox's then consistently places children into Do we want to extend full equality to Letter, 1686). We don't want to wind up separate-but-equal programs. Quakers children (while still giving them extra nur­ creating a tiny, inadequate God too much have a problem when we state our belief turing of their feelings and their spirits like ourselves. in that of God in everyone and then, by because of their vulnerability)? The Old Testament, especially Isaiah our actions, declare that children are an In our homes, small children wander and many of the Psalms, gives us a exception. We Friends have a problem around absorbing what it means to be a wonderful picture, possibly the best and when we dwell on the fact that Quakerism human being by being with us as we live most detailed picture of God that we is an experiential religion and then we our lives. If we want them to be "at have. To deny this revelation of God deny such experiences to our children. home" in meeting for worship, can we ac­ because sometimes the Old Testament When early Quakers were !lrrested in cept their presence as they absorb what writers created God in their own image as large numbers, their children continued to it means to be a spiritual being? male and warlike seems both arrogant hold meeting for worship. Today, most When· children bother us during wor­ and wasteful to me. Quaker children would not have the ex­ ship, we put them· in the nursery. Jesus Quakers who think of themselves as perience to be able to do that, nor would put them on his knee. Do we need to re­ feminists should bring all the they have the desire, having been exclud­ think our responses? wholesomeness and goodness that ed from (and having felt rejected by) Jane Wilson characterizes the religion of Friends to meeting for so long. Knoxville, Tenn. feminism instead of accepting all feminist In One Small Plot of Heaven, Elise ideas without question. Boulding points out that we exclude chi!- Charlotte Candia-Williams El Paso, Tex. George Fox also spoke of the divine in sacred feminine has helped me to look For 15 years I have done research and gender neutral language, as the Inner from the outside at Christianity and to academic study about goddesses in India, Light, or the Seed. Margaret Fell wrote realize how revolutionary Friends' including a pilgrimage to the cave in the "Women Speaking, Justified ... " in 1660. practices are. In the same year Margaret lower Himalayas, which was the dwelling They rediscovered the practices of early Fell wrote " Women Speaking ... ", in place of the spirit of one of the Christians, who recognized a female 1660, Mary Dyer was hanged on Boston goddesses. I, too, have found useful metaphor for God, and who believed that Common for her double blasphemy, not metaphors for my spiritual life as a women could minister. only for testifying to the same revelations Quaker woman; but I have found that I It does make all the difference, as the men who were hanged with her, cannot speak of this without being Friends, for as an Anglican bishop said but also for being a woman speaking. misunderstood by Friends. Susanna in recent years, "We cannot ordain Women Friends have continued to be Thomas has done this in a very sensitive women as priests, because then they empowered to speak of their leadings, way. would be priestesses, and you know what and to seek how to put them into action, When I took some of the theological that means." because they did not meet with a stop. ideas about Hindu female deities, I found What the bishop darkly alluded to is They listened and acted in the Society of that I understood the importance of the that priestesses are presumed to serve a Friends and went confidently into the revelation of George Fox that both men female deity, a goddess, with her larger society. and women could receive and testify of mysterious associations with fertility and Georgana M. Foster the divine word that they had received. sexuality. Using metaphors about the Amherst, Mass.

FRIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 5 They claim him called the owner and asked for my job Last week [early March] I received a back. He said that I was a good worker, very disturbing letter from Leonid. He The February issue is so excellent in all but the men wouldn't work with a draft tells me that the state stores are almost respects that I feel diffident about dodger. I asked him to call the men completely empty, food supplies from offering even a minor correction to your together and leave it up to them, and he other sources have increased in price Bulletin Board. However, interest of agreed. The next day he called me back tenfold, and he and his family suffer truth compels me to relate that Noel to say that every man in the place had from hunger. He tells me that "a big Palmer, while he is identified with 15th voted for me to return. part of the humanitarian aid does not St. (N.Y.) Meeting through his leadership These were ordinary workers with scant reach people for whom this help is of the programmed meeting for worship education. Probably none of them had meant." held there on the first First Day of each ever heard about conscientious objection Leonid writes, "Perhaps you and your month, is a member and former clerk of or Quakerism, but that of God came friends could organize regularly sending Westbury (N.Y.) Meeting. We who are shining through. The emotional impact of to my address food packages. I, in turn, his fellow members at Westbury probably that experience is such that I still cannot will distribute this food among people should not claim reflected merit. but we talk about it. who need it most badly. Such people are can certainly take satisfaction in knowing The owner got in touch with my draft the very young and the very old and the a Friend who so forthrightly puts his. board and asked that I be reclassified handicapped.'' faith into action. and allowed to work at the essential job Immediately I packaged up two boxes Elizabeth H. Moger of producing farm machinery, but they of nutritious foods that could be sent in Roslyn, Long Island, N.Y. turned him down. lightweight containers. To send $20 worth Perhaps I should just sign with my of food, about 24 pounds, cost me $82 prison number: #2191SS. by U.S. Postal Service's Humanitarian Lyle Tatum Airlift rates (good only until March 31). Prison CO memories Riverton, N.J. I'm not even sure that these packages will I certainly enjoyed the CPS Forum (FJ make it all the way to Leonid. I have April). As an ex-prison CO, I guess you been advised by a former resident of might say I was on the inside looking out Moscow that it would be cheaper to send at CPS. I note George Mathues reports money directly, enabling him to buy food that CPS "allowed me to avoid wasteful from sources other than the empty state CPS life. '' Emmett McCracken starts his stores. Unfortunately, I know of no letter with, "To me, time in CPS wasn't secure way of sending cash. a waste of time." I am appealing to JoURNAL readers to Actually, it is my opinion that if you help me with ideas. I need to know a "chose" prison, CPS, 1-A-0, or an secure and less expensive way of assuring agricultural or ministerial deferment as a that my friend will directly receive food method of disassociation with killing, you .aid or financial assistance. first made your witness. If you wasted Further, does anyone have ideas on time after that, it had more to do with where to get funds, a grant perhaps, to commitment and personality than with pay transportation costs so we· can your niche in the system. eventually arrange for Russian teen trail­ I have frequently said that my year in builders to come to the States? I already prison was more valuable to me than any have preliminary agreements to provide year in college. The prison experience food and housing for them. certainly shaped the rest of my life more C.J. Shane than did my college degree. P.O. Box 119 Just the serendipity of the prison Fayetteville, AR 72702 experience was often intense. Having given up a professional assignment to await court processes, I lived in Fort Competing values Dodge, Iowa, with my wife and year-old daughter, Susan. I took a job as a Thank you for the essay by Susan painter in a small farm machinery plant Hunger and disarray Dickes Hubbard, "Psychology, God, and with about 30 other blue-collar Common Sense" (FJ May). She spoke employees. The owner was an David Hartsough's article "Hunger and for me, to me in my decisions over the independent, conservative, free market Disarray in Russia" (FJ March) is sometimes competing values between type who would close down rather than particularly meaningful to me. I have theology and psychology. Her essay is have a union in his shop, as he had made been corresponding for two years with needed and timely. clear. However, he would call the Leonid Slobodinov of Moscow. Our Mabel M. Jasut workers together now and then to discuss names were exchanged by Peacelinks. Newington, Conn. plant matters. Leonid and I are about the same age, When I thought my case was coming both with families, and both avidly up, I resigned and for the first time told interested in hiking and other outdoor FRIENDS JoURNAL welcomes contri­ the men and the owner where and why I activities. was going. Mostly, I was met by silence. Since last summer Leonid and I have butions from readers. Submissions Then the court date was put off been working on a project to bring a few to Forum should be no longer than indefinitely, and I was unemployed and Russian teenagers to the States to build 300 words, Viewpoint 1,000 words. almost unemployable in the midst of a trails in our national parks. We hope to Space is limited, so we urge Friends popular war, with no financial resources eventually send some U.S. teenagers to to be succinct. and a wife and daughter to support. I Russia for the same purpose.

6 July 1992 FRIENDS JOURNAL by Margaret Hope Bacon o climb a mountain is to experi­ or give ourselves more leeway? Being ence a series of transitions. There over 70 seemed to give us more things T is the first part of the climb, when to think about. the morning is cool and the trail is easy. It was a lovely morning in early June, By midmorning one is climbing vigorous­ and one of our purposes was to enjoy ly, and the sun grows hot. At noon, one the birds and the wildflowers. Beautiful has reached the sunbaked rocks of the white ladyslippers lined our trail in pro­ summit. Each step must be chosen with fusion, along with Canada mayflower, care, and made with immense effort. It bunchberry, and starflower. The air was does not pay to look down, but if one sweet with their fragrance, mingled with looks across the valley, one sees other that of pine, and hermit thrushes war­ peaks, as far away as the horizon. bled in the bushes. I meditated on the similarities be­ For the first part of the climb we par­ tween climbing and aging the other day, alleled a rushing mountain stream, its when my husband and I decided to climb song adding to the coolness of the morn­ · to the summit of the Owl in Baxter State ing. As we began to climb more serious­ Park in Maine. We had climbed here ly, we turned away from it, then crossed many times before, but now we were one of its tributaries by leaping across both over 70, I having achieved that stepping stones. landmark status two months ago. Ought After we left the stream, the climb be­ we to try to make the peak or simply to came brisk and the sun hotter. We were go as far as it felt good? Ought we to roughly paralleling the edge of a cliff, measure our time against the .average, and here and there where giant trees had been uprooted by the winter gales we could catch a glimpse of Mount Katahdin Margaret Hope Bacon is the author of many books including Valiant Friend: the Life of Lucretia Mott across the ravine. While looking back, and Mothers of Feminism. She is a member of it was possible to see the valley with its Central Philadelphia (Pa.) Meeting. ponds and rivers glittering in the sun.

FRIENDS JouRNAL July 1992 7 We paused at one of these lookouts for trees had grown up in the plateau, and mark the pinnacle. But it was an illu­ midmorning water and gorp. We were we brushed our way through them, find­ sion; the trail continued to mount. As hot now, and the black flies were begin­ ing the trail at times with our feet. The we paused to rest in the shade of the ning to swarm around our bare legs, but trail crossed the plateau to the left side rock a young couple emerged from the we still felt fresh and ready to go on. of the precipice. Sooner than we expect­ trail below. The young woman com­ Up here, the vegetation had changed, ed we were climbing into deep woods, mented that she thought the trail was and to my intense delight I now began hauling ourselves up over rocks and pretty hairy, and she looked at me with to see painted trillium in full bloom, in boulders, using gnarled tree roots for unbelieving eyes. My legs were begin­ bunches of six or eight. An unfamiliar handholds. ning to sting now with scratches and warbler began to follow us, flitting from Now I began to get short of breath, bites and I had a couple of bruises, but birch tree to birch tree along the trail, and started counting; 100 paces and stop her expression of astonishment and awe but try as we might we could not spot and rest. The story of The Little Engine was sweet enough to compensate me for him. We heard some crashing in the that Could, learned more than 65 years the pain. nearby woods, and found fresh moose ago, was a help. I also found myself Another 100 paces, and yet another. droppings on the trail. thinking about 70-year-old hearts. Was Finally we reached the first peak, only There were variations in the terrain, this wise? But it was tempting to take to discover that there was still another from open birch woods, to thick spruce another 100 paces to see where that peak to surmount. But we had been forests. Here and. there tiny mountain brought us. climbing for three and a half hours now, brooks crossed the trail. The water Suddenly we were out of the shade of and the way down could be tough. We looked enticing, but we had been the woods and into an area of scrub, declared victory and paused to enjoy the warned not to drink it. From time to scree, and bare sunbaked rocks. The sweep of the view of mountains, valley, time, vistas of the valley opened up, view was overwhelming but we dared rivers, lakes, and ponds that lay at our assuring us that we were getting higher. not look down. Each toehold now was feet. After two hours of steady climbing we crucial. One huge boulder jutted out It was easy, from the summit, to think came out on the edge of a plateau cov­ across the trail, and hung over the back over the climb, and compare it to ered with dead tree stumps, whether precipice. To get around it one had to our life to date; the joyous freshness of killed by fire or spruce budworm we did edge across a narrow shelf, holding on the morning, the hard slugging of mid­ not know. Beyond the trees loomed the for dear life to roots and bare rock. dle age, the careful inching along of the bare rocks of the pinnacle we were try­ Once I surmounted it, I told myself I older years, the reward of it all in the ing to reach. It seemed both impossibly was never coming down it again. They long, breathtaking view. But in life there far off and impossibly high. We decid­ would have to lift me off the mountain is no turning back, while in mountain ed to see what another half hour of by helicopter. climbing one must reverse one's steps. climbing brought. We came at last to the huge rock Slowly, carefully, painfully, we began New growth of small, vigorous spruce which had appeared from the plateau to the long descent. 0

8 July 1992 FRIENDS JouRNAL UTOPIA

by William McCord neers sought to escape the war-like men­ FORTY tality of the United States and to build n a time when over 1,000 utopian en­ a pristine society based on hard work and terprises, religious and secular, have intellectual effort. I collapsed on the average of two years Monteverde met their needs perfectly. YEARS after their birth, the 40-year history of Physically, Monteverde was a lush, vir­ Monteverde in Costa Rica deserves close tually untouched mountain on the con­ attention. This thriving experiment is a tinental divide some 35 miles from the prosperous oasis of peace in the center quiet Pacific port of Puntarenas, where of Central America's violence and storks and spoonbills flourished. From LATER poverty. its peaks, forever drenched in a slight Monteverde's extraordinary history mist, one could see the Gulf of Nicoya, began in April 1951 when three Quaker Lake Nicaragua, and unfarmed country­ farmers from Alabama-John Campbell, side dropping down to the Atlantic. The Hubert Mendenhall. and Howard Rock­ virgin land blossomed with wildflowers, well-discovered the 5,000-foot Costa sugar cane, and native stands of oak, Rican plateau of Monteverde high in the pine, and walnut; hummingbirds, bell­ Tilaran Mountains. It was the end of a birds. and umbrella birds nested in its long quest for them. They had been tall trees. A great rain forest straddled searching for a fertile, isolated land the divide and contained more species where they could establish a Quaker col­ of flora and fauna than anyplace else in ony based on principles of peace, self­ tne world. It was a natural paradise a­ sufficiency, freedom, and social concern. waiting the creative human hand. In envisioning this community, the pia- Socially, Costa Rica offered a recep­ tive home for the Christian seekers. Un­ William McCord, a professor ofsociology at the der the leadership of Jose Figueres, City University of New York, recently authored Voyages to Utopia (New York, W. W. Norton, Costa Rica was the first nation in the 1990). world to abolish its army. The progres-

FRIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 9 sive national government invested one­ Power Company in 1956, a water-pow­ by Quaker midwives among the first set­ third of its budget in education, built a ered electrical utility that created an elec­ tlers. By the 1960s, the Canadian and health system that extended the life ex­ trical and telephone system. Based on a Costa Rican governments furnished a pectancy to 72, and sought to create a small dam erected by Quakers, it func­ clinic in St. Helena staffed by public solid middle class. Monteverde itself tioned until 1990 when-after debate doctors. Monteverde now shares in the was underdeveloped-a vast land of about threats to their self-sufficiency­ little nation's exceptional achievements great potential but one populated by on­ the Quakers allowed the overloaded Lin­ in health care. Today, life expectancy is ly a handful of peasants who subsisted dora distribution system to be taken over higher and infant mortality is lower in on hunting and slash-and-burn farming. by the government utility. Since the com­ Monteverde than in the United States. The existing landlords were happy to sell munity's industrial needs had grown Unemployment has fallen to zero in thousands of acres-unirrigated, un­ drastically and members of the commu­ Monteverde itself while it remains at a crossed by roads, and unterraced-for nity used 29 computers, even the most stubborn 10 percent in surrounding ar­ $30,000. traditional members had to cater to the eas. Typical Monteverde farm hands in In 1951, 12 families trekked by horse­ increasing needs for electricity. 1991 earned $260 a month (as opposed back over rope bridges to the beckoning Both Lindora and Productores were to $230 a month for imported U.S. ridges of Monteverde. The original privately owned corporations with shares teachers in the Friends school). In gen­ pioneers, secluded in tents, faced the im­ spread among all of the producers and eral, Costa Ricans working in Monte­ mediate problems of building a village, consumers of the area. Monteverde's ex­ verde earn 50 percent more annually clearing farm fields, and finding enough tensive experiments with cooperatives al­ than the average Costa Rican. Comfor­ food for their oxen, horses, and them­ so began privately in 1952 with Cecil's table little houses, often supplied with selves. As a first step, they chopped sug­ Pulperia, a small general store. Its own­ television, a refrigerator, indoor plumb­ ar cane and sold it to an existing proces­ er was instrumental in shifting ownership ing, a motor-cycle, and electricity, dot sor in St. Helena, a primitive village five to the COOPE de Santa Elena in 1971, the countryside. miles away. Then, they fashioned a saw a cooperative devoted to the sale of food, mill powered by water, which furnished farm supplies, and dairy services. In the The Spiritual Center the timber for houses, rudimentary 1980s a vegetable marketing co-op, a roads, and fragile bridges. They brought savings and loan association, a women Much of this progress has emanated in three heifers and started a dairy herd, artisans cooperative (CASEM), and a from the bilingual Monteverde Friends which is now unexcelled in Central coffee producers' co-op with 230 mem­ Meeting, the spiritual heart of the com- America for its quality. bers sprang up and thrived. Unlike the Israeli kibbutzniks, whom Thus, over 40 years, the small Quaker Friends planned they resembled in some ways, the Quaker community built, expanded, and mod­ pioneers planned their community on ernized Monteverde's material base at the basis of private ownership, not social­ an unprecendented pace. Unlike so many their community ism; a family orientation rather than col­ ·U.S. and European "utopias" of the lective child-rearing; and a devotion to 19th and 20th centuries-from anarchist on the basis of Christianity rather than Marxism. communes in Spain to California com­ By July, as a first organizational step, munes-Monteverde survived and flour­ private ownership, they established the Monteverde town ished economically. meeting. Based on Quaker principles of By any reasonable measure, Monte­ family orientation, consensus and soon joined by indigenous verde also proved a resounding success people in the area, the town meeting as a social experiment that has immeas­ and a devotion to assigned jobs (house raising had first urably improved the education, health, priority), planned local roads, and estab­ and employment opportunities of the lished several joint venture companies. region. Christianity. Among these enterprises, the most im­ As one of their very first measures, portant was Productores de Monteverde, the pioneers established a Friends school a dairy and cheese plant serving the sur­ originally staffed by Quaker settlers. It rounding territory. From 12 producers expanded into four K-12 classrooms, a in 1953, it has grown to 230 members 20,000 volume library, woodworking (with 80 employees) in 1990. Because of shops, a bilingual program, and in technological sophistication and daily 1986, into the Monteverde Institute, an testing of milk, the Monteverde venture organization devoted to teaching tropi­ has emerged as the producer of Central cal biology to Americans and providing America's most renowned cheeses, a pro­ community services to villagers. Led by munity. Its 42 members gather twice vider of dairy services (from veterinary John Trostle, the school and the Insti­ each week, welcoming hundreds of par­ care to artificial insemination of herds), tute provide wide, liberal learning to ticipants, affirming "that of God in and a model of a successful cooperative members of the community (unlike the every person,'' and teaching the values economic enterprise. Farmers from all government schools, which stress a rigid of peace, honesty, integrity, and simpli­ over Monte.verde's 5,000 acres ship their curriculum where students learn by city. Many in the meeting are deeply in­ milk to the gleaming central plant. rote). Students at the Friends school are volved in world problems and social Ingenious members of the small Quak­ literate in both Spanish and English. concerns, " Buen Amigos" development er community also built the Lindora Health care was originally provided projects, and such diverse enterprises as

10 July 1992 fRIENDS JOURNAL the "Puffers" (a nursing home) and the ers, concerned with their herds, flourish embroidered plaque in one Monteverde "kinder" (a Costa Rican kindergarten). in the commune along with artistically home reads, " Here ends the quest for Like all meetings, the members voice inclined New York hippies who glorify peace and solitude and rest." This rev­ diverse messages-ranging from the de­ nature but have never plowed a field. erence for their private Shangri-La leads voutly Christian to "evil is just a bad Clearly, for many, Monteverde is an some members to oppose the onslaught name for good" to "God help me in my idyllic world-peaceful, prosperous, hu­ of "eco-tourists," to look disdainfully unbelief" -but a common faith in the mane, and an aesthetic paradise. None­ on the prospect for new roads and potential goodness of people and the theless, this Quaker community still bridges, and to ignore the needs of sur­ beneficence pf nature pervades all. faces a series of unresolved contradic­ rounding communities such as San Luis The meeting is remarkably stable, and tions: coping with demands from the and St. Helena. seven out of twelve of the original Quak­ outside world, balancing ecological con­ Indeed, it was not until the 1960s that er families still participate. Some young­ cerns with peasant needs, and, as in so Monteverde "went public" and allowed er members leave for higher education many utopias, weighing the desirability outsiders to write about this fascinating or Peace Corps work, but they usually of homogeneity and isolation against community. Even today, some Quakers return and are augmented by occasional that of diversity. maintain only frosty·relations with St. newcomers. Helena, a nearby village of I ,500 people. The community has not suffered from Monteverde and the St. Helena is a minor commercial center, the schisms and mass desertions charac­ which avidly seeks better roads, more teristic of other utopian ventures. In the Outside World tourist facilities, and rapid economic de­ 1960s, Monteverde lost the Hubert One major tension has affected Mon­ velopment. These goals are opposed by Mendenhall · family (one of the main teverde since its founding: the conflict certain "isolationist" Friends who fear founders and financial supporters), and between a strong tendency to isolation an intrusion of commercialism. some traditionalists still try to impose and an equally intense urge to serve as In contrast, some leaders of the com­ conservative rules on all. (Members a goad and example to the outside world. munity urge that Monteverde must en­ frown on drinking, and one young man On the one hand, some Monteverde gage itself in regional, national, and glo­ was expelled in 1989 for smoking in the members treasure their self-sufficiency, bal affairs as a Quakerly, indeed human, library.) On the whole, however, Mon­ independence from the contamination obligation. In addition to supporting the teverde is remarkably tolerant of diver­ of outside influences, and a quiescent work of the Monteverde Institute and sity and life styles; "Appalachian" farm- acceptance of their solitude. As a hand- the Friends Peace Center in San Jose,

! · A rider In front of Monteverde Friends School fRIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 11 this willingness to embrace the outside world has been manifested in a number of ways: Some Friends have helped in the af­ fairs of villages surrounding Monte­ verde. San Luis, a community of 350 people nestled in a valley some 20 miles from Monteverde, is an outstanding ex­ ample. The red-roofed village, com­ posed of a Catholic church, a coopera­ tive building, and small farms, is typical of the Costa Rican hinterland. Buift around a stream, San Luis grows cof­ fee, cattle, bananas, oranges, and lemons in an exceptionally fertile area. It is a charming village where, as one resident puts it, "Nobody is too poor to give a smile, no one is too rich to accept a smile ." Yet, San Luis has many of the prob­ ! Friends at the Monteverde Meetinghouse lems of the outer Costa Rican villages: it is isolated and linked to the rest of the loan land to campesinos. We need food, dish, and EEC support, purchased over world by one rough (Quaker-built) road; not a rain forest. We need a citrus-proc­ 16,000 acres in 1986. A League project its potential as a citrus-growing area re­ essing plant, not isolation from the that has captured the world's imagina­ mains untapped, although several Quak­ cities." tion is the Bosque Eterno de los Ninos, ers are urging the creation of a citrus Monteverdians have also ventured in­ the first international children's rain for­ plant; perhaps 20 percent of the villagers to the other more militaristic lands of est. It has grown to 18,000 acres, join­ do not possess land and must sell their Central America, bringing food, medi­ ing together existing government forest labor to others. cine, and literacy. In 1978, Montever­ preserves. The goal of the League is to Attempts have been made both by out­ dians started the Comitte de Asitencia protect environments crucial to the sur­ siders and the villagers themselves to Socialen America Latina (CASAL) to ex­ vival of tapirs or birds such as the remedy these problems. Ann Kriebel, a press their broader concerns. Led by resplendant quetzal, to reforest certain charismatic Monteverdian, came to the Miguel and Molly Figuerola, Ann Man­ areas, to conserve water, and to provide village as an agent of change in 1982. She ganaro, and Ann Kriebel, CASAL has environmental education. served as a teacher, helped to build a provided medicine and clothing to refu­ The League, 90 percent Costa Rican, coffee cooperative, and sought to better gees from Nicaragua and El Salvador, recognizes in theory that purchasing the the lot of landless campesinos. She started literacy campaigns in Nicaragua, forest is only part of the answer to en­ founded a "Buen Amigos" committee, built a home for blind people in Mana­ vironmental problems. While still seek­ which, by 1984, had convinced the more gua, and collaborated with Doctors ing more land-43,000 more acres is the prosperous farmers of San Luis to do-­ Without Borders. Most recently, CASAL current goal-the League espouses a slo­ nate 130 hectares of land to the campe­ has completed a water supply system in gan of "sustainable development." The­ sinos. She also aided the " Integral De­ northern El Salvador and built various oretically, the League works hand in velopment Association" in its efforts to agricultural projects in Guatamala. Aid- · hand with surrounding communities to lobby the government for sewerage and ed by U.S., Canadian, and Dutch achieve a harmony between conservation bridges. Friends, the CASAL activists continue and development. In practice, the rela­ Ann Kriebel died at a tragically young their small-scale projects in collaboration tion between the League and village com­ age, but her mantel of leadership was as­ with the UN, Maryknoll priests, and the munities is strained if not non-existent. sumed by Eugenio Vargas, a brilliant Quaker Peace Center in San Jose. At most, the League sponsors education­ young indigenous leader. Vargas origin­ al programs fo r the .community leaders ally studied at the Friends School, where Balancing Ecology and and a reforestation effort that will even­ he learned Quaker values. (To attend tually supply firewood, fence posts, and school, he had to walk barefoot for Human Needs timber, reducing pressure from the re­ hours a day from his home to Monte­ The largest, most well-known of maining forest. verde; other pupils from San Luis did Monteverde's international projects The fact is that the League, supported the same, and one of Vargas's classmates began with the founding of a biological by many Quakers, seeks first of all to is ·now receiving his doctorate from preserve in 1971 (Bosque Eterno) in col­ fulfill its ecological goals: to preserve a Yale). Vargas, like the great majority of laboration with the government's Tropi­ watershed, to protect threatened animals young people in San Luis, wanted to set­ cal Science Center. Designed to protect and flora, and to conserve trees. tle in his home village. He now serves and expand Monteverde's great rain However admirable, the quest for as an articulate head of the village coop­ forest, the project soon attracted hun-. these ends often interferes directly with erative. "Our greatest need," he told dreds of biologists and worldwide sup­ the satisfaction of peasant needs. Costa me, "is for distribution of land to the port. The Monteverde Conservation Rican peasants require land for cattle peasants. I want the conservationists to League, benefiting from Canadian, Swe- grazing, coffee growing, and citrus plant-

12 July 1992 fRIENDS JOURNAL The community's vices Monteverde. In turn, guest houses, • It has survived for 40 years in spite of inns, art galleries, horse stables, res­ numerous challenges: the difficulties in­ taurants, gasoline facilities, and other volved in transforming virgin into pro­ goals of peace, tourist services have sprung up to serve ductive land, the always present threat the "eco-tourists." of destruction from rumbling volcanoes, independence, Some old-time Monteverdians fear inadequate capitalization, and the not­ that their colony will be engulfed with too-far-distant difficulties caused by tur­ simplicity, and pollution, noise, and commercialism. moil in Nicaragua. They oppose the paving of roads, for ex­ • The goals of the founders-peace, in­ self-sufficiency ample, in fear that such progress will dependence, simplicity, self-sufficiency­ merely lure more trucks and buses up have been largely fulfilled and the have been largely the mountain; they fear the establish­ Quaker ideals upheld . ment of bars serving alcohol; they • Monteverde has been uniquely creative wonder about the impact of a new ma­ in spawning the Bosque Eterno, the Chil­ fulfilled. terialism upon their children. dren's forest, the Friends School, and Not unnaturally, many Costa Ricans numerous cooperative efforts. believe better transportation and an in­ • The community has proved itself eco­ flux of tourists can only benefit the com­ nomically viable, particularly through munity. Many young people would par­ its dairy enterprises. Without this solid ticularly welcome a change from em­ economic basis, Monteverde could not ployment in the fields for jobs in hotels, have survived. ing. Any of these operations demands restaurants, or other facilities. Thus, • In·spite of the opposition of some tra­ the deforestation of the land, the replace­ they welcome the opportunities offered ditionalists, the Quakers at Monteverde ment of forests with pastures, carefully by a growth of diversity within Monte­ have followed a vigorous program of so­ terraced fields for coffee bushes, or cit­ verde and the surrounding community. cial outreach in Costa Rica and Central rus orchards. Handling this controversy and many America generally. The peasants have been begging to use others-land distribution, issues related • Unlike some utopian ventures based on conserved land, but so far they have to "sustainable development," the build­ the cultivation of land, Monteverde has been rebuffed. Some peasants, part­ ing of roads, zoning, health facilities­ been intellectually active in its support ticularly landless ones, would like to now rests in the hands of a "Commis­ of schooling, its library, the Monteverde borrow money from the League to pur­ sion for 2020," a joint planning group Institute, and the 2020 Commission. chase land. They are willing to obey made up of Monteverdians and Costa Sue Trostle, from New York, who now League rules about wind-breaks and re­ · Ricans drawn largely from the ranks of serves as one of Monteverde's leaders, forestation, but, so far, no money has dairy producers. Fortunately, the Quak­ well summarized for me Monteverde's been forthcoming. ers have had the good sense to recognize situation four decades after its founding: Without productive land, the peasants their problems and to organize for their "We're trying to adjust to new demands, are forbidden from taking the next step resolution in the future. in development-industrialization-by the growing pressure of numbers. The building citrus plants for the export of fact remains that ordinary people have brought about a quiet revolution and products to the world market. Without" A Balance Sheet on exports, in a land currently concerned Monteverde transformed a society in a lifetime." In with paying off debt in conformity with her lovely home, Sunrise House, she Although the community has its prob­ paused in her conversation and added IMF rules, this neglect can be particular­ lems and controversies, the Monteverde thoughtfully, "The story isn't finished ly costly. Thus, in this important case, Quaker experiment must be declared a success: yet." 0 goals clash with each other: a concern for rare birds and beautiful trees may well come before compassion for human beings. As some peasant protesters chanted when I was at Monteverde, "We eat beans, not flowers." Homogeneity versus Diversity Partly because of the growth in the rain forest, Monteverde has been sub­ jected to an influx of outsiders. In the 1960s, only a handful of visitors, per­ haps 200 a year, came to Monteverde. In 1991 alone, more than 20,000 visit­ ors, lured by ecological interests, made the rugged trek up the dirt road that ser-

FRIENDS JOURNAL Jufy 1992 . 13 Discovering the Center

is it any wonder that lots of people just ence there is between separating and The center of the don't want to face these challenges? gathering! Religious Society of Isn't it understandable that there is polar­ Out of my struggles with the question ization, denial, and a frantic searching of realignment, I've discovered two par­ Friends is more than one for simple solutions and scapegoats? I ticular challenges that we "liberal" think this is the underlying explanation Friends in the FGC yearly meetings have expression or concept. It for the emergence of the reactionary and not yet met. Many of us come from is a dynamic center made fundamentalist segment in today's socie­ more tightly structured and dogmatic re­ ty, and I don't think Friends are immune ligious traditions, and now thrive in the of paradoxical from those responses. accepting environment of spiritual seek­ Right within our midst, we have to rec­ ing. Yet our experience of Quakerism is understandings to be held ognize that we Quakers have not yet often limited to one general form of built a healthy Religious Society of worship and, in our effort to allow each in creative tension. Friends. Some Friends are uneasy that other to be where we are, we often don't we have no clear Quaker message, either press each other to describe our religious to ourselves or to the rest of the world. experiences or our personal articles of We aren't sure what and how to teach faith as they develop. As a result, there our children. Many Friends from any is much we don't know about each other by Marty Walton one branch of the Religious Society of -or ourselves. Friends don't know much about Friends There is even more we don't know umans today live in an unparal­ from any of the other branches; we are about the rest of the Society of Friends, leled time of challenge. Our glo­ apt to be full of misinformation, quickly particularly those in the "evangelical" H bal society's leap forward into built prejudices, and even a good deal tradition. This unawareness may tempt interlocking economies, multinational of fear. Last year's issue of realignment us to be vague about our own sense of corporations, and instant telecommuni­ within Friends United Meeting, which the unprogrammed tradition, and wrong cations has propelled us willy-nilly into dominated the Quaker political land­ about how others differ from us, rather seeing more and knowing more than scape with its push toward separation, than clear about our distinctiveness and most of us have been able to cope with. demonstrated those same patterns of po­ knowledgeable about what the center is We are being forced to adapt to a gallop­ larization, denial, simplistic solutions, for all branches of Friends. ing rate of change; we have to shift into and scapegoating that tempt our wider I believe our primary challenge is to new modes of interdependence just to society. effectively articulate our faith. You survive as a species, and we have the un­ But I don't think separation is the know, and I know, how precious is the easy feeling that we are not changing answer for Friends. We have to grow in Quaker heritage that forms and shapes fast enough to avoid disaster. Given the understanding, stretch our viewpoints, us. You know, and I know, there is increasing enormity of the problems in­ and discover a center that encompasses something of incalculable worth in our volved in meeting human needs within dynamic spiritual life for all Friends. experience of seeking God's presence a mushrooming population world-wide, And it is in that stretching that we begin together in the silence. But how well can Marty Walton is executive secretary of Friends to live up to the promise, as experienced we express that solid center, how silence General Conference and a member ofK ent (Ohio) by early Friends, of being part of a great nourishes us, challenges us, teaches us? Meeting. people being gathered. What a differ- Just how certain are we of our faith that God is present to us and with us if we can't speak clearly of our experience, How to use this material both personally and corporately? An equally important challenge for us The concepts and illustrations used in the articles on pages 14-17 are offered is to look with more care at "evangeli­ by Friends General Conference and the Tabers in the hope that they will help cal" Friends and appreciate the solid­ stimulate meaningful sharing among Friends. One way this might occur is ness of the center for these Friends. through individual reflection on the following queries or through small-group There is much in their tradition, as tru­ worship-sharing. ly Quaker as our own tradition, that we need to hold before us and honor. Our • What is my "profile" on the chart of paradoxes? individual perspectives may be quite • Am I comfortable with my profile? limited, and because of this we need to • What pressures do I feel to have a different profile? take care that our openness to Truth in­ • If there are changes I would consider making in my profile, how could cludes Truth as experienced by Friends I change? in other traditions. I've been fortunate through my work

14 July 1992 FRIENDS JOURNAL I Quakerism

with FGC to get to know Friends in rise to an understanding of the nature is that it is more than one expression or Friends United Meeting, in Evangelical of the center of Quakerism, and the dy­ concept. It is a dynamic center made up Friends International, in Conservative namics that contribute to our misconcep­ of paradoxical understandings to be meetings, and in the independent year­ tions about each other. They have de­ held in creative tension, and always with ly meetings. I know first-hand how dif­ veloped two helpful tools to increase humility and openness to the Spirit that ferent many of our world views are, and Friends' understanding of what the cen­ is beyond our full understanding. The how deeply rooted the misconceptions ter is for the wider Society of Friends, pages thaf follow include two circle of each other are. There is so much and what happens when we look at each graphs and a chart of the "Universalist" about each other that we haven't learned other from our differing perspectives. and the " Jesus Christ-centered" polar­ how to truly see or hear. I'm grateful to Fran and Bill for offer­ ities, with accompanying explanations. Fran and Bill Taber, teachers of ing these tools [see pages 15-17]. We are glad to share them with Friends Quakerism at Pendle Hill, have also be­ The Tabers suggest that the center of in the hope that these concepts might come close to Friends across the Quaker the Religious Society of Friends, and prove useful along our corporate spiri­ spectrum. Their experiences have given what makes Quakerism a radical faith, tual journey. 0 Paradoxical Quaker Extremes Is it possible that the unquestioned power of earlier Quakerism lay in its ability to stay with the

dancing, living Spirit in a Independent (3.3~)

place above the ConMrv•tlve (1.!5~) ~-======~~ limitations of linear Meeting (47.54MI) thinking, in a wideness of heart above the limitations of words and ideologies and systems?

by Bill Taber he figure on this page is a circle grammed or pastoral, while Evangelical chart, is pastoral, evangelical, and inde­ graph showing how Quakerism Friends International (EFI) is almost pendent. The dotted lines between FGC T north of the Rio Grande is divid­ completely pastoral or programmed and and FUM represent the five united year­ ed among various groups of Friends in strongly evangelical. Unprogrammed ly meetings that belong to both bodies. 31 yearly meetings, based on 1988 statis­ Friends constitute the remaining piece of The circle in the center represents the tics. Pastoral or programmed Friends the pie, a little more than a fourth. They fact that something in the heart of each make up nearly three-fourths of the are the Friends in Friends General Con­ tradition can find unity in the heart of "pie." Friends United Meeting (FUM) ference (FGC), Independent yearly meet­ each of the others, and that at least some is largely, though not totally, pro- ings, and Conservative yearly meetings. Friends find it possible to look across There is one exception, which is grouped the boundaries between us and recognize Bill Taber is a member and recorded minister of with the other independent meetings: one another as sisters and brothers in the Ohio Yearly Meeting (Conservative}, and a teacher Central Yearly Meeting, which is too faith, even across differences of theo­ of Quakerism at Pendle Hill. small to be listed separately on this logy, language, and culture. 0

F'IuENDS JOURNAL July 1992 15 Paradoxical Understandings

It would be an unusual Christian faith includes some element of its aberration. both central columns. A complete ab­ It would be an unusual Friend whose Friend whose faith and sence of either is likely to lead to a dis­ faith and life experience is a perfect tortion in the element that is retained. balance of the two central columns. life experience is a perfect Thus, a person whose faith is best de­ Most of us experience one side more ful­ scribed by the left center column, and ly than the other, at least at a given balance of the two who does not resonate at all to the ele­ period in our lives. It is our understand­ central columns. ments in the right-center column, may ing that a living growing faith experience find that without that balance, the reali­ which starts out heavily on either left or ty of experience moves toward its spin­ right, will often, when it remains vital, off extreme in the far left column. If this expand in time to include some under­ by Frances _Irene Taber distortion does not occur in the life of standing of the opposite side of the a given Friend, it is likely to happen in paradox. he chart on the facing page elab­ the faith experience and expression of In reflecting on this chart, it is useful orates on the elements from the his or her spiritual descendants. The to take a long-term view. Although it T circle chart on page 15. It can be equivalent pattern is likely to hold for may appear so at a given point in his­ comidered as another way of looking at a faith experience described primarily by tory, neither side represents an intrin­ the elements found on the wheel below; the right-<:enter column, without counter­ sically "conservative" or "progressive" it goes into more detail and in addition balancing from the left-cent~r. view. That depends on historic context. names what often happens when weal­ The chart also illustrates how people It has flipped twice since 1800. Also, low our faith to fracture out of that have trouble understanding one an­ neither side is intellectually more respec­ center in which paradoxes can be held other's religious language. One's view­ table in a long-range view. That, like the in creative tension. It illustrates the im­ point-far left or far right-has a ten­ question of which one is conservative, plications of allowing ourselves to fly dency to create a distortion in perspec­ is a matter of current fashion. out of the living center of Quakerism il­ tive, making it difficult to distinguish The chart is neither definitive nor in­ lustrated by the inner circle of the graph between the two degrees on the opposite fallible. It is merely a description of ten­ on page 15. side. As either central viewpoint fails to dencies I have noticed among Friends, Our view is that a whole Quaker- be balanced by an element of the other, intended to stimulate reflection on our Fran Taber is a member of Ohio Yearly Meeting the person with that perspective tends to · own spiritual journeys and on the way .(Conservative), teaches at Pendle Hill, and is on assume that the viewpoint represented we communicate with other Friends and the staff of School of the Spirit. by the opposite central column includes hear them. 0

This figure was inspired by the inner circle in the graph on page 15. A careful Biblical .Jesus Intuitive Christ reading of Quaker writings through the early 19th century shows that earlier Individual lnspll'lltlon Belief Friends were able to combine, in dynam­ ic, creative tension, the paradoxical ex­ tremes, while later Quakers, as we have Outward Mission become more acculturated and intellec­ tual, have tended to separate into "camps" or "parties." Once we have separated and lost frequent contact with God Within .,. Godlleyond one another, the tendency is to take one end only of a paradoxical truth, and thus gradually become more extreme. It is as if there is something in the human, ana­ Service Inward lytical mind that wants to reach the se­ curity of philosophical certainty, rather Experience Corpol'llte than staying in the less comfortable and lnspll'lltlon more dynamic flux that keeps the para­ Universal Rational doxical extremes in some sort of creative Ught Humanistic' tension.

16 July 1992 FRIENDS JOURNAL old in Creative Tension

SPIN-OFF or AB ERRATION UNIVERSAL JESUS CHRIST-CENTERED SPIN-OFF or ABERRATION

Liberal, vague Affirmation of truth experi- Affirmation of truth as I Fundamentalist, exclusive intellectualism enced by others have experienced it in the intellectualism context of Christian history Powerlessness, hopelessness, Seeking to embody and Being empowered by God Misues of power, apparent fatigue (the tired liberal) express the love of God lack of love Limiting God from powerful Affirmation of God as Affirmation of God as acting Limiting God's actions to a action in time inhabiter of a space un- in time particular context confined by time Limitation of God's actual Immanent-God as ex- Transcendent-God as Limitation of God's actual transformation of our lives pressed in creation greater than any expression transformation of our lives we can know Focus on psychic Intuitive Intellectual system of Association of psychic with theology demonic Inability to put experience in Felt, sensed, experienced, Verbally explained Rigid, exclusive creed words with any strength uncontainable in words Lack of clear relation to God God understood as beyond God understood as personal Limited nature of relation to personhood God Relationship confined by the " Spiritual" relationship to "Personal" relationship to Relationship confined· by the limitations of my own view- God. Inward light as im- God limitations of my own view- point personal presence point Life of Jesus Christ is without Life of Jesus Christ as Life of Jesus Christ as Those who don't know Jesus power for me. example, model, source of unique, and essentially Christ are benighted. teaching relevant to me There is nothing intrinsically Jesus as God-filled or Jesus Christ as son of God Those who do not connect unique about the Jesus of inspired revealer and redeemer with the Jesus of history are history. lost. God's action so generalized God acts everywhere, at all God acts in this specific God's action in other ways is as to lose force times, whether we are aware time, in this specific way. not perceived. of it or not. Tendency to have a fuzzy, in- Mystical-experiencing God Theological-thinking Tendency to confine God to effective concept of God about God the ways we have described God Hope diffuse, ungrounded Hope Faith Faith narrowly focused, brittle I'm OK, your're OK, we're all Appreciation of others' Concern for others' spiritual Judgment and control of OK. viewpoints welfare others Religious experience so inef- Religious experience as Religious experience Religious experience pre- fectively communicated that ultimately Indescribable described scribed its reality seems unclear Equalizing all experience-all Appreciation of others' Evaluation of others' Discounting of others' of some value-no sense or experience experience experience criteria of maturing Emphasis on proclamation Social action Proclamation Emphasis on social action equated with underestimating equated with lack of essential importance of material needs grounding in faith Failure to communicate the Social action Proclamation Failure to translate faith into ground out of which action action comes

FRIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 17 Friends Membership 1980 and 1990 by Kenneth I ves

FOR THE Friends United Meeting only (FUM) 39,527 Evangelical Friends International (EFI) 25,823 FIRST TIME IN A Conservative Friends only (Cons.) 1,396 Friends General Conference only (FGC) 17,120 CENTURY, FGC +FUM 13,460 Independent unprogrammed (western) 3,264 MEMBERSHIP HAS Other dually affiliated 1,003 Central Yearly Meeting 292 FALLEN TO TOTAL CLOSE TO 100,000.

New Mexico Alaska -40% ata from a study of denomina­ Arizona Michigan -37% tional membership in the United Vermont Indiana -26% D·states just completed, shows that Florida New York -22% Friends have lost over 1 r,ooo members, New Hampshire Oregon -16% about one in ten, from 1980 to 1990. Maryland Pennsylvania - 12% This decline has been going on since Texas North Carolina -12% about 1960, and has brought our total close to 100,000 for the first time in over a century, to 101,885. servative Friends each declined by about gelical Friends International. Many other denominations have also 20 percent; Friends General Conference Since the population of the United experienced substantial declines. Presby­ and Evangelical Friends declined by States grew from 226 million in 1980 to terians and United Church of Christ about 10 percent. The far western un" around 250 million in 1990, an increase started to decline about 1960; Metho­ programmed Friends grew by more than of 10 percent, the relation of Friends to dists around 1965; Episcopalians, Uni­ 25 percent in membership in the decade. population dropped faster than member- . tarians, and even Missouri Synod Lu­ Both pastoral branches of Friends lost. ship, from 5 to 4 per 10,000 population. therans around 1970. members substantially in the past dec­ A feature of the last several decades Since the 1980 Church Membership ade, which contributes to the impor­ has been the growth of dual affiliation Study did not tabulate Friends by branch­ tance of the conference on " The Future of meetings, which started with Mont­ es, precise comparisons are not easily of Pastoral Leadership Among Friends" clair (N.J.) in 1929 and 57th Street (Chi­ made. Friends United Meeting and Con- at the Earlham School of Religion in cago) in 1931. This has now expanded Long active with the work of Friends General Con­ November 1991. It may also have been to other branches, producing a Quaker ference and Illinois Yearly Meeting, Ken lves is an incentive for the proposal of merg­ spectrum, below. Further analysis of a member of 57th St. Meeting in Chicago. ing Friends United Meeting and Evan- membership trends is planned for 1992.

Meetings: 11 259 2 335 240 275 4 25 1 Members: 292 25,823 725 39,527 13,460 17,120 251 1,396 27 Avg./Mtg.: 27 100 118 56 62 63 56

18 July 1992 FRIENDS JOURNAL ~s if I am being held' (Ute's Story) by Melissa Kay Elliott ountains and valleys, drown­ parents were deeply committed to follow­ ing and floating, are images ing Hitler's goals. She says her mother's She was born M Ute Caspers uses to describe death at 28 from typhoid was brought her journey of spirit. Her trek began in on by having six children in seven years in Poland and the unhappy days of World War II to support the government's motto, "one Europe, led her to embrace pacifism, child each year for der Fiihrer." Ute's learned to walk and then to become a Quaker. Ute's life position as the couple's fourth child is a gentle and dramatic reminder of "gave me the honor of having Herr in shoes made in how we construct our lives from events Himmler for my godfather," an offer that went before, piecing together clues, made to families to encourage them to the extermination fmding out who we are, and moving for­ have more children. ward with all the strength we can find Both her parents died during the war, in our hearts. and the direction they had chosen sent camps. Last summer at the Fifth World Con­ Ute searching for other answers. "I ference of Friends, I met Ute (pro­ think I was a pacifist before I was a nounced "00-ta"), whose home is now Quaker, because it was always clear to in the western half of the united Ger­ me that the war destroyed my family." many. Her story is one of several I Today, she tells this story with outrage brought home to share with our readers, and sadness in her voice-outrage at such to give a sense of the faces and lives that .a legacy and at the struggle it brought make up Quakerism worldwide. Ever in to her, and sadness at the losses those the background of her story is the theme events meant for her. of war and how it changes and disrupts As a child without parents, she be- and molds us in its wake, and how each of us caught in its current must search and struggle to find a way out. Ute and I sat together on a lawn at Chavakali Friends School in Kenya, squinting together in the African sun­ shine. She hugged her legs to her chest as we talked, one hand exploring the gr.ass beside her. Her shiny, light brown hair ~as cut short and framed pale skin and eyes. I felt drawn to that face-the far-off look in her eyes, the grace aod style of her, a carefulness of speech that kept melting and warming into girlish confidences. Ute was born in Poland "within shouting distance of the extermination camps," and she learned to walk in a pair of shoes made in the camps. After many years and much searching, she fi­ nally uncovered the fact that her father's first work for Hitler was to remove Ger­ mans from the section of Poland that would be given to Russia. She has never found more information, "except I al­ ways thought if he could do that, then what else could he be involved in?" Her Melissa Kay Elliott is associate editor of Friends ~ Journal, a member of-Corvallis (Oreg.) Meeting, ~ and attends Chestnut Hill (Pa.) Meeting. & Ute Caspers (right) at the Chavalulll gathering

FRIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 19 came the ward of relatives. Her grand­ ly of Friends, a benefit for someone .about World War II. The picture of parents arranged for her at age five to from Germany, where Quakers are few . wrongness was all the more clear. "I felt be taken at night by horse-drawn car­ Some of those international connec­ very strongly what it all meant." riage to a foster family in northern Ger­ tions got her acquainted with East Ger­ She went on a personal retreat, shut­ many. There, she was the youngest of man Friends and exposed her to their ting out all news. From that quiet period five children, was treated well and had struggles. "I learned a lot as an onlooker sprang new energy and determination. enough to eat, but "I always felt like a about the difficulties of their life, at She understood that she needed all her permanent guest." She would grow up work, as dissidents. We have the same spirituality to survive, and she came remembering what had been taken from history, language, music, framework of back "on the spiritual offensive." her, while learning to appreciate those thinking, and yet we have different She organized ecumenical peace vigils, who had taken her in. Her foster fami­ identities.'' using lots of silence and visual aids, such ly sent her to a Rudolf Steiner school, During recent years, three experiences as the contrast between a baby's shoe where the philosophy was to let the deepened Ute's spirituality and brought and a big boot. Vigilers prayed around child's personality develop at its own her to a place of impassioned commit­ an aerial view of a landscape, asking that pace, an approach that worked well for ment. The first was helping a friend pilots in the war see the beauty of the the traumatized, withdrawn little girl. through a terminal bout with Hodgkin's land, not the targets. She received a little religious instruction, disease. Ten days before her friend died, Most of all, she wanted to show "that but her interest in religion would come Ute was in a car accident and got a con­ it was not our war. They did not do it later. cussion. She feels her family was unable in our names." She attended her first Quaker meeting to understand the depth of her grief or That was the turning point for her, a at the age of 22, "and it fit." That was her illness, and so she was forced to look time of saying: No more. I will make the same year she started teaching deep inside herself for strength. "I think this life count. I will not be paralyzed; school. A year later she married, then it was this desert experience that changed I will engage in the struggle. From speak­ me. That's when I learned to pray, when ing up and taking action, her courage I became a religious person." expanded. "I felt I had to take a positive She took the insurance money from step out, or my body would internalize Ever in the the accident and went to Woodbrooke, it." She cancelled other activities and a Quaker study center in England. started studying conflict mediation. background of There, every day began with worship, "Since then I have felt like I am float­ and she watched the days lengthen as ing, as if I am being held." her story is the spring approached. There, she made a The decision to enter peace studies at second breakthrough-she conquered the Irish School of Ecumenics was the theme of war and her phobia about swimming in deep result of those troubled days. When we water. When she tells about it, she pres­ parted in Kenya, she was looking for­ ses her toes hard against the earth, as ward to starting classes in the fall and how it changes though the feeling of needing to reach engaging in the intellectual challenge of for safety hasn't left her. Significantly, study. After finishing, she would leave and disrupts us the breakthrough happened after she the next step open, although she was broke down in a group session on aban­ pleased that the course would give her and molds us donment. Afterward, she swam to the credentials in peace education to use deep end of the pool three times. back home, if she so chose. As she in its wake. Her third spiritual landmark was trig­ looked at the future, she seemed fear­ gered by an event many other Friends less, but gentle, full of energy. As she found devastating, too: the Gulf War. looked back, she described her life as "I kept asking myself: what are we do­ "mountains and valleys, rather than ing? Yet again I was completely alone." smooth hills." Coming to terms with her She questioned why she should live and background reminds her of a line from she and her husband, Lutz, had three what she was here for. And, in the The Prophet: ''The deeper sorrow carves children, and along the way, they began doubting, the answer came: "Yes, of into your mind, the more joy you can attending Quaker meeting. The pacifist course you should live, because there contain." approach attracted her, as did the silence need to be good people around to clean A note of realism-and determina­ and listening. And, besides, "meeting up the mess." tion- crept into her voice as she talked felt like home." The Sunday before Christmas 1990, about how the year away might affect During those early years as a Friend, Ute heard news that use of nuclear weap­ her relationship with her husband, her she helped with the children's program. ons in the Gulf War was possible. That family, and her life as she knew it, be­ Later, she helped organize an interna­ night, she could not bring herself to join cause things would never be quite the tional section meeting, was clerk of in singing "0, Du Froehliche," and, on same again. For a person who has need­ quarterly meeting, then of Pyrmont New Year's Eve, she cried when others ed to keep one toe touching bottom, this Yearly Meeting, and helped with an in­ celebrated. Afterward she went into what would be swimming in the deep end of ternational family camp for Friends she describes as a suicidal depression, a the pool. But in the end, she seemed to World Committee for Consultation. She period of drowning, which lasted two believe it was time for everybody to do especially valued the international con­ weeks and ended with a quick answer: some growing, and she was willing to nections, which gave her a larger fami- she realized she was reliving feelings leave the details to God. D

20 July 1992 FRIENDS JoURN AL FRAGMENTS FROM A CHILDHOOD IN PALESTINE by Diana Wells he first seven years of my life were off the head of a live chicken. The blood wire fence, and play among the trees, spent in what was then the British poured into the pale dust, trickling dark­ sitting in the branches, and stuffing our­ TMandate of Palestine. In 1947, ly into the road, and the chicken selves with fruit until we were a mass of when I was seven, we, along with the squawked and struggled as I was hurried sticky juice, which we rubbed off with rest of the British government officials, past. My nurse had dressed me up in my the aromatic leaves. We were not afraid were shipped home. I have never been best pink dress and curled my long hair of any real danger, but accepted it was back. to show me off to her relatives. They there. Thus it is with children of war. The first seven years of one's life are gave me a little chocolate fish wrapped When my brother made a rabbit hutch said to be the most impressionable. in tinfoil. They were Christians and it to house the newest darling baby rab- Looking back, I strain to find some un­ may have been near Easter time. I was derstanding of that region, which looms scolded when I got home because I had so large in all our lives today. It is like put the fish in my pocket, and it melted, We were nice little looking through the large end of a tele­ staining the pink silk with a great scope, into faraway objects that I hope chocolate blotch. English children will pin-point some of my understanding. During the worst "troubles," as they My first impression, in the distance, is were called then, we were moved to who had tea-time and one of intense color, a bright, clean sun­ Jaffa, where we lived in a compound of shine, a thrumming light that seemed British houses, surrounded by barbed went to bed with to disappear forever in the damp, heavy wire, and guarded. It was next to miles days of the rest of my English childhood. of beautiful orange groves, and we were a story. But war Looking further, though, I realize that forbidden to go into them. We were not this is not only a Westerner's fragmented afraid of the dangers supposedly in the and violence were memory of the Middle East, and the vi­ orange groves, but we were afraid of the brancy of the Arab world. It is also the consequences of our disobedience. We in the air. memory of tension, the memory of a would sneak secretly under the barbed- time of war. We were nice little British children who had tea-time and went to bed with a story. We were protected from what went on around us, but you cannot protect children. It was an histor­ ic era that left its indelible impression on me. War and violence were in the air, and many of my memories are violent. had first a Jewish, and then an Arab "Nanny." Both were much loved I and we know them both still, for they were very young girls when they lived with us. I remember the protection of their love so well, but I remember too the dangers of the outside world into which we sometimes ventured. My Arab nurse used to take me, on her day off, home to her family, who made much of me, gave me sweets, and petted me. I re­ member more clearly, though, clinging to her hand along the dusty white road to her house. There was a man there once, squatted beside the road, sawing Diana Wells is a member of Newtown (Pa.) Meet­ ing and a free-lance writer. She writes regularly for Greenprints, a quarterly magazine that explores "the soul of gardening" (Box 1355, Fairview, NC 28730).

FRIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 bits, it was found wrecked the next morn­ around us, and we could do nothing handsome than that of my brother's ing and the rabbits were gone. We were about it. friend. It had a high coned shell of told that jackals had come out of the When we were sent out into the hot beautiful blacks and golds, which they orange groves to get the rabbits, and the dusty garden to play, we would try to had oiled so it glistened. It was excep­ "terrorists" would get us too if we went catch the exquisite little golden-eyed tionally large and eager. Together we fed there. It didn't stop us, and I remember lizards that crept up the brown stucco it lettuce. only a place of enchantment, of bright walls of the house. We wanted to make "You like him?" I nodded. He was green grass and golden fruit, of heavenly pets of them too, and love them, but if beautiful. A little frightening, but scented blossom. There were supposed you frightened one too much it would beautiful. to be snakes in that paradise too, but I actually loose its tail and scurry away, "You can take him home, and give never saw one. There were tortoises, leaving the amputated tail wriggling him a name. We got him just for you." though, which the English children cap­ across the tiles like an ugly little headless " He needs a hole in the shell," I ex­ tured and kept as pets, feeding them on snake. I was told by my brother's friends plained "so he can't run away." I told clover. I shall tell you more about those not to be afraid, and not to be silly, for them how, if you made a hole in the later. a new tail would grow. shell, you could tie a string to it, and ost of our games, as always Tortoises were easier to catch, and the then he would be free to roam, but could happens with children of war, boys used to collect them as pets. We always be found. M were war games. Not only dan­ could make little wire pens for them, but The soldiers were homesick British gerous excursions into the orange groves, they usually managed to squeeze out un­ boys, not v~ry old. They always gave me but gangs and fights among ourselves, derneath the wire, even though they had exactly what I wanted, if they could. and also against the Arab children across plenty of clover and there seemed no rea­ Where, on .the shell, did one make the the barricades. There was a section of son why they would not want to stay in hole? I pointed. They listened, anxious the beach where we were taken. I sup­ their compounds. We should have under­ to please. From the back of the bunker, pose I must have made sand castles, but stood it better, for we squeezed under one of them produced a hammer and a I only remember the virulent blue jelly­ the fence that surrounded the whole vil­ nail. He put the nail exactly where I had fish, which would sting you dangerous­ lage of British officials and their fami­ pointed, and hit it. ly, and the fights with the Arab children lies. The entrance to our compound was he shell shatte~ed instantly. Bl~od across the wire that divided "our" beach guarded by soldiers in sand-bagged bun­ ·poured out of It, over the tortmse, from theirs. Children of war, the boys kers, and our family had soldiers on the Tover the bunker. Someone swore, would capture the glittering blue jelly­ roof of our house too, because we had and someone whisked away the tortoise. fish and leave them melting on the burn­ the British flag flying on it, and my I was screaming. ing yellow sand. Children of war, like father was district commissioner. "It's not hurt." "Tortoises don't feel the little Arab boys, they would build The soldiers flirted with our red-head­ pain." "They don't feel anything." barricades in the sand and hurl sand balls ed nurse, and made a tremendous fuss "Bloody Hell, you should have used a at each other across the fence that separ­ of us children. They would take us into drill." "It's not hurt. It'll be just fine ated us. At home, they drilled and the sand-bagged bunkers, give us chew­ tomorrow." "Don't cry, please don't planned and made dugouts. I was small, ing gum (forbidden by my mother) and cry." "You can play with the gun. Have and only a girl, but had to trot back and let us play with their machine guns. The some chewing gum ...." forth .running messages, and they gave machine guns had a handle on the side, They gathered round me, anxiously. me a little crooked stick to carry as I which you could turn like an enormous I can see them now, their distressed wasn't considered old enough to have a rattle. I was a very little girl, bare­ young faces and me, in their midst, cry­ real toy gun. In between all this, my legged, dark-skinned from the sun, and ing and crying. Hovering over us, be­ Arab nurse cuddled me and sang to us, with long golden hair. The soldiers, tween us, Iike a black fluttering.shadow, and my Jewish nurse, left in Jerusalem, homesick, and probably bored, spoiled is the clumsiness of war. sent me loving little messages. me. I never went back to the bunker. Soon The King David Bombings were an­ ne of my brother's friends had afterwards we were evacuated back to nounced on the radio, and my parents a tortoise with a tiny hole bored England. We had to go to the dock in sat in front of it, listening to the list of 0 in the edge of its shell, to which an ambulance, as it was too dangerous those killed, many of their friends. It was was tied a very long string. When he to travel openly. We were taken as pas­ one of those large old radios with a gold wanted to play with his tortoise he simp­ sengers in a Danish orange boat, bound cloth front, out of which came the ly followed the string through the beds for England. We watched the oranges solemn voice with the names of the and bushes and found it at the end. It being loaded into the hold of the boat dead. I cannot remember actual grief, was a wonderful system, and I longed before we ·set sail. The hold was full of though I must have known some of those for a tortoise of my own. them, millions of golden balls, poured killed, but an acceptance of disaster, of When I went to get my chewing gum in like a hoai:d of foreign treasure. That death out there. It was in the very air and play with the guns, I told the brilliant hold was the last I saw of Pales­ we breathed. When the cook came to kill soldiers about this tortoise and how I tine. We arrived "home" in a snow­ a rabbit for our dinner, we defended the wanted one. They always tried to please storm, thin watery flakes, drifting out cage, standing in front of it with long me, and assured me that they would find of a dull sky into the dreary dusk of bamboo poles, poking her cruelly. We me one. Soon after, they beckoned me post-war England. We were hurried a­ were not surprised when rabbit was behind the sandbags, and there was the shore before the oranges were unloaded served for dinner the next day, even biggest, most beautiful tortoise I had and, for years, all the colors seemed to though we refused to eat it. War was all ever seen. It was much bigger and more be of muted greys. 0

22 July 1992 fRIENDS JOURNAL THE MANY-STORIED TREE by Kenneth Haase

branch beneath me -In lt&.old, sJow sings through my ttngerS~o'lliY heart. 1ll'l~tac~•s back -to trunk, to roots, to earth - and Is held fast In the Earth's firm-gentle grip. - It reac._es out - to smaller branches, to leaves, and to the rustling wind - ..._,. It dances to IHe.

fRIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 23 ~aming the Name by Martha Paxson Grundy ne divisive question among ever, hospitality is not doormat-ism. meeting. This experience is concrete, it Quakers today is: do we worship While we create the space and invite the is real, and it should not be watered 0 a nameless spirit or is it Christ stranger to be herself, we do the same down with euphemisms, because euphe­ Jesus? The Society of Friends in North thing ourselves. That is, we continue misms have no power. The experience America encompasses those who refuse growing into becoming more perfectly of early Friends was of the reality of the to use any word more specific than who we are meant to be. The rules of power of the risen Christ within them: "spirit" and those who insist that only our house continue to operate. Hospital­ guiding, teaching, healing, leading, em­ naming the name of Jesus Christ as ity allows for a dialogue between who powering. They were firmly Christian, Lord and Savior will do. I want to of­ I am and am becoming, and who the but in the ranks of the early Christians fer a third position, and suggest that the · stranger is and is becoming. If there is rather than mired in the accumulated Society of Friends today must hold all obvious incompatibility, the stranger centuries of theological and institutional three, in a creative tension. And I defin­ moves on. I am not swallowed up by the accretions. In a wonderful way, Christ's itely do not recommend that each of the stranger, because I know who I am. The Spirit taught Fox and others the non-in­ stitutional, non-hierarchical, non-sexist, inward immediacy of being gathered in­ Hospitality to a people directly led by God. The names they used for the One who they is providing knew were many and varied: Seed, Light, the welcoming space Inward Christ, Spirit, etc. Some of their listeners, needing a specific verbal for­ in which mula, judged them unchristian. But the ' Quakers knew who they were referring the stranger can to, and also knew why specific verbal formulations can be a creedal trap. We become more perfectly need to pay attention to both parts of their experience: knowing who they be­ 15 who he or she is. ~ longed to, and avoiding creed-like for­ l; :§ mulas that constrict the Spirit. It seems to me there is a valid position "'t' ~ for Friends that understands that while it is Christ at work, this universal Light branches of U.S. Quakerdom select a stranger does not become a projection that lighteth everyone who cometh into single position. of myself because I am enabling her to the world "works" no matter what labels Several years ago I received an open­ be herself. are applied. In this view, "Christ" is the ing of a two-fold mission for unpro­ The gateway part of our mission, name of the relationship between God grammed Friends as we face the end of therefore, is to provide hospitality by and humans, even if humans call it some­ the 20th century and look to the next demonstrating who we are and allowing thing altogether different. It seems to me millenium. The first part of the mission newcomers to become who God intends this is a way-stop for the gateway entrant is to be a gateway. We are to be a safe them to be. If there is a good "fit," they who continues to seek. It points to some­ place for religious refugees. People who stay. If their agenda differs significant­ thing more that the way-stop Friend has have suffered from the misuse of relig­ ly from ours, they can see who we are­ not yet fully experienced. It allows for ious and biblical authority should be we are not a vacuum of vague toler­ growth, it encourages and expects quietly welcomed into our silence. No ance- and they make the choice to move growth. It does not say that where you demands should be made at the door, on, or to stay and live into our Quaker are now is unacceptable. no requirements of language or under­ vision of becoming God's people. Although a certain universalism was standing or political position. Our meet­ The second half of our mission, as it is built into 17th century Quakerism, as it ings should be hospitable. opened to me, is to point to something was in some biblical passages, the domi­ Simply put, hospitality is providing more. The safe haven where the refugee nant culture was fiercely xenophobic. the welcoming space in which the strang­ or newcomer can sit in silence and begin Today we can acknowledge the connec­ er can become more perfectly who he or to pay attention to the divine nudges is tions and the truths of all the great she is. The "stranger" is anyone, known only the gateway. There is more. The world religions. We are not called to to us or not, who differs from us. How- "more" to which we point is the exper­ bash infidels. The positive side of this Marty Grundy is a member of Cleveland (Ohio) ience, particularly of early Friends, of is that we can learn how God works to Meeting, currently taking the course "On Being the transforming power of God at work speak to such a variety of humans, us­ a Spiritual Nurturer" in the School of the Spirit. within each of us and within the gathered ing language that each can hear. We can .., 24 July /992 fRIENDS JOURNAL blocking the work of the Light within themselves. When I meditate on power, it seems that those Friends throughout our history who have experienced most fully the transforming power of God to become changed themselves and empowered to change the world around them, under- . stood that Christ is the one who does it. They did not hesitate to name the name of Christ as the author of their transfor­ mation. But unlike the later revival movement, they did not preach that say­ ing the name and the born again conver­ sion experience was the goal. Rather, they preached conviction, that the Light would show them not only their sins but also their savior, would empower them to become perfect in their measure, and would bring them together with others in whom this same work was being done. There is an ongoingness about the proc­ ess. The Inward Christ will continue to teach us and enable us to do what is asked of us. There is a corporateness about it. Quakerism is not for personal salvation, Quakerism is to gather God's people in order to demonstrate to the world what God's realm is Like. They ex­ perienced and demonstrated the power given to a people directly led by Christ. They knew that "Christ is come to teach avoiding doing the inner work altogeth­ his people himself." As Friends are drawn er because there is language available Because of the necessity for being deeper into their that can be used to cover and validate changed themselves first, Friends empha­ "warm fuzzy" rather than solid God­ sized the inner work of Christ. I think relationship with God, centered reality. this is our gospel, our good news, that The fascinating thing that is happen­ through that Light within each of us, we Christ continues ing in my own meeting, it seems to me, can be changed and brought together to . . is that as Friends are drawn deeper into be God's people. Our mission in the 17th tomvtte. their relationship with God, and as the century was to take people to Christ, Light continues its work within them, their inward teacher, and leave them they are drawn toward Jesus. Many of there, and then to live out the radical them resist this, at least at first, but Truth that Christ is come to teach his celebrate and give praise. We can rejoice Christ continues to invite. My experi­ people himself. That is still our mission. in those folks who live lives of good will, ence, then, is that we have in our meet­ In the society and culture of today, one yet who (for whatever reason), do not re­ ing all three positions: gateway, way­ way we are called to do this is to pro­ flect on the spiritual underpinnings of stop, and naming the name. In fact, vide the hospitality of the gateway, and their actions. The negative side can be some individuals have passed or are the understanding of the way-stop, so an eclecticism that grabs bits and pieces passing through all three of them. We that Christ, in Christ's own time and of whatever strikes the fancy while not try to be tolerant and encouraging for way, can perform the necessary inner being deeply rooted in anything. This is anyont>. who is "working" and growing. work to lead each of us to perfection. hospitality which veers off track into There are some who get impatient with Together we can know and obey the one doormat-ism. Another negative side is those who appear to be "stuck" and who has called us his friends. D

FRIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 25 Advice to Friends About Diversity

orne years ago, I wrote an article anything go? Are there any limits to who for the JouRNAL calling for closer by John C. Morgan can become a member of your meeting? Scooperation between Friends and These are the questions that constitute Unitarian Universalists ("Sharing Our membership in a religious community, Strengths," September 1988). I still is another thing. Your movement has and are as old as religious communities. believe we share a unique history out of taught me a lot about authenticity-try­ Open doors can sometimes be revolving the left wing of the Reformation, and ing to put one's life in line with one's doors when becoming part of a religious I know from my doctoral work that beliefs-so perhaps you can actually try community is the same thing as joining Friends ·and Universalists shared the to live diversity better than we Unitarian the Kiwanis Club. And, to be honest, same space and sometimes even worship Universalists have. Let an oldtime evan­ some Kiwanis Clubs are more spiritual in 18th century Pennsylvania. gelical Christian walk into one of our than some congregations I've seen. There But as I read about your struggles to Sunday services and begin to pray, for is a dangerous tendency among persons be more inclusive and affirm your diver­ who express values of toleration to re­ sity, I must relate to you some words of frain from offending others by question­ caution from someone who has seen that ing their religious views; we can becomt sometimes the quest for diversity may passive observers of the latest fads or lead to losing the spiritual roots of your quick fixes in the name of toleration. I faith. Or, as my Maine friend once keep a cartoon around to remind me that said of Unitarian Universalists: "Your if everything is equally valid, nothing minds are sometimes so open that they're finally matters: It's a picture of Charlie drafty!" A Friend, knowing I could Brown dressed up in a witch doctor's laugh at myself and my religion, had a outfit telling his audience that "it different version: "Unitarian Universal­ doesn't matter what you believe as long ists are quite tolerant people," she said. as you're sincere .... " ''They approach every subject with an Please don't get me wrong: I value di­ open ... mouth." versity, I need diversity, I believe truth Unitarian Universalism, though may be singular but is expressed differ­ grounded in Christianity, has become a ently through many cultures. I know pluralistic religion. In fact, our 1984-85 how enriched our movement has be­ Statement of Principles and Purposes come because it has opened itself to the nears its conclusion by noting that we insight of people and faiths outside our are grateful for the "religious pluralism past expressions. which enriches and ennobles our Open doors will become revolving faith . ..." doors if people do not feel grounded Has our diversity enriched and en­ within the sacred ground of their own nobled our faith? I am enough of a gad­ tradition. The door to the future of our fly to argue that in some ways we have movement, I believe, is one in which we been tremendously enriched, and in Jearn to live in the tension between be­ other ways left in a state of muddled ing open to new friends yet expressing confusion. . a spiritual tradition that has served us The statement assumes we know our for many centuries. And while a con­ roots (most of us don't) and we know vinced Universalist in theology and prac­ the diversity in our midst (most of us example, and I wonder just how welcome tice, I have come to see that a clear par­ don't know how diverse our congrega­ he or she might be. We Unitarian ticularity is needed by us at the present tions are). Though we somehow "know" Universalists have often tolerated every­ moment. We need to be much more clear we are diverse, I don't believe we really thing except our own roots, which hap­ about who we are, what we will and what know just how many religious orienta­ pen to be Christian. I know I sometimes we won't tolerate, and whether or not tions are in our midst. The message I agitate people when I say that what our we are here to conform to the world or would offer Friends is this: If you want congregations need are a few good transform it. to affirm diversity, make sure you know Christians- but, then, of course, any Proclaiming diversity is an exhilarat­ your own history first and make sure church might have difficulty coping with ing, liberating activity. But when the you are willing to Jet people in your any followers of Jesus who take him proclamations are through, and the pro­ meetings express their own spiritualities. seriously. claimers have gone on, the more agoniz­ Affirming diversity is fine; practicing it The second word of caution I would ing struggle begins: to be clear about John Morgan is a Unitarian Universalist minister suggest for your consideration. is that how open our doors are and whether per­ from Wilkes-Barre, Pa., and a frequent con­ you need to be clear about just how sons will find anything spiritual inside tributor to fRIENDS JOURNAL. open your doors are to diversity. Does when they come in. 0

26 July 1992 fRIENDS. JOURNAL A QUAKER • UNIVERSALIST ' s • • There is a Source to which each in­ concept, expressed as the "Buddha­ dividual has direct access without the nature," defined by Roshi Philip. intervention of priests or pastors. CREDO Kapleau in The Three Pillars of Zen as • We can approach this Source indi­ a "concrete expression for the substra­ vidually through prayer and/ or medi­ • tum of Perfection, of Completeness, tation and collectively through our intrinsic to both sentient and insentient group sessions based on silent worship. by Donald Campbell life." • We occasionally use the term Inner • The Quaker dedication to social Light or similar expressions when we work began in the early days of the refer to this Source. • Society, when it was necessary to suc­ • In recent years, many Quakers have­ merciful, just, pious, and devout souls cor Friends who were imprisoned or adopted certain Buddhist or Hindu are everywhere of one religion." Jobn otherwise persecuted for practicing techniques of meditation in their group Woolman (1720-1772) stated: "There their beliefs and for their peculiar form meetings as well as in their daily in­ is a principle which is pure, placed in of worship. dividual periods of retirement. the human mind, which in different • Quakers' adherence to truth, as they • Our intuitions, sometimes referred places and ages hath had different perceive it individually and collective­ to as "leadings" or "concerns," can names; it is however pure and proceeds ly, precludes their taking oaths. A lead us into dangerous situations and from God." And it was Woolman who, Quaker does not swear, but affirms. may utterly change our lives. Basical­ when the Native Americans of western One's word is one's bond. ly, then, we consider Quakerism to be Pennsylvania were at war with the • Quakers' opposition to war and their a religion of experience; thus, the most white settlers, undertook a hazardous devotion to nonviolence also date from typically Quaker literature is the jour­ journey into Indian territory, "that I early times: in 1660 the following state­ nal-the record of an individual's re­ might feel and understand -their life ment was issued: "We utterly deny all ligious experience over a prolonged and the spirit they live in, if haply I outward wars and strife, and fightings period. might receive some instruction from with outward weapons, for any end, or • We must test our important (life­ them." any pretence whatever; this is our tes­ changing) leadings, intuitions, or con­ • Quaker Universalists regard the Bible timony to the whole world." cerns by submitting them to our fellow as a source of deep religious truths and • The Quaker attitude toward sacra­ members. Individuals thus benefit by inspired poetry, but they do not con­ ments is succinctly expressed by John the guidance and, if need be, the re­ sider it to be a final revelation. Rather, Punshon in his Pendle Hill pamphlet straint of the corporate judgment of they place their faith in a continuing number 245 (1982), Alternative Chris­ their local monthly meeting and, in ex­ revelation and find truth and inspira­ tianity: "Everybody knows we have no tremely important cases, by the quar­ tion in many places, including such non­ outward religious ceremonies of any terly or annual meeting to which they Christian classics as the Bhagavadgita, kind except, perhaps, marriage. We do belong. the Book of Tao, the Dhammapada not baptise or celebrate the Holy Com­ • Although the Religious Society of and other formulations of the Peren­ munion because we do not believe that Friends, founded by George Fox and nial Philosophy. divine grace is channelled through out­ a group of fellow-seekers in England • A very important aspect of Quaker­ ward ceremonies dependent on human in 1652, found its early inspiration in ism from its beginnings has been, and arrangement." direct religious experience and in the still is, the process of reaching group • As suggested by the same author, we Judea-Christian Bible, it has from its decisions through a search for unity endorse and endeavor to be guided by earliest beginnings recognized the truths and consensus rather than by the im­ the exhortation of Paul to the Children · I' of other religious traditions. William position of the will of the majority. of Light at Philippi: "Finally brethren,­ Penn, a contemporary and close associ­ This process also reflects our recogni­ whatever is true . . . honorable . . . ate of Fox, wrote: "The humble, meek, tion of the innate worth and ultimate just . . . pure . . . lovely ... gracious; · Donald Campbell was a member ofMexico City wisdom of every man or woman, often if there is any excellence . . . anything Friends Meeting and of the Quaker Universal­ expressed as "that of God in every worthy of praise, think on these ist Fellowship. He died in 1989. person." Buddhists hold to a similar things." 0

FRIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 27 TilE WORlD'S PARilAMENT OF REIJGIONS: 1893-1993 No longer Pagans or by Homer A. Jack he World's Parliament of Relig­ ions was held in Chicago in Sep­ T tember 1893. It was one of several hundred congresses associated with the World's Columbian Exposition. Chica­ goans wanted this world's fair not only to commemorate material progress­ electric lighting was the new technology then-but to celebrate intellectual and moral achievement. A local committee of 16, mostly Protestants but including a Catholic bishop and a rabbi, worked for almost three years to organize a World's Parliament of Religions as a centerpiece for some 40 denominational congresses. Indeed, the parliament became the cli­ max for the whole exposition. The parliament, held in what is now the Art Institute of Chicago, fed a pop­ ular hunger for information on world re­ ligions and on the proliferating divisions within Christianity. How else to explain ! A. scene at one of tha Malons of tha 1893 parliament the standing-room-only crowds attending this 17-day convocation? Detailed reports of African delegates, and nobody ap­ Roman Catholic prelate, Cardinal Gib­ appeared in Chicago newspapers and peared from any indigenous or "native" bons of Baltimore. Also speaking were elsewhere. Even before the parliament religion. Also, no guidelines for dia­ two Hindus from Calcutta (including adjourned, participants felt that some­ logue evolved. Yet the provincial Chi­ Swami Vivekananda), a Confucian sent thing extraordinary had occurred. The cago clergy with almost no experience by the emperor of China, Buddhists Chicago Tribune editorialized that with "non-Christians" -beyond dealing from Japan and India, a Jain and a Hin­ Christianity had learned that ''there are with Judaism-were able with common du from Bombay, and a black bishop no longer pagans and heathens." sense and courtesy to suppress their from Oklahoma and the Indian Terri­ By today's standards for multirelig­ Christian tiiumphalism and listen sympa­ tory. The final session was just as multi­ ious gatherings, the Chicago congress thetically to Buddhists, Confucianists, religious and, indeed, included some of was flawed. This event opened on the Hindus, Jains, Jews, Muslims, Shintoists, the same speakers. Jewish New Year, which made it impos­ and yet others. number of exciting exchanges re­ sible for any rabbi to be present! Only The parliament consisted of a thrilling flected several theological under­ three women were among the three doz­ opening session on September 11th, and A currents. Some of the Christians en speakers at the opening and closing an equally emotional closing one on Sep­ wanted the parliament to "prove" the sessions. Two heads of religious groups tember 27th. There were 1,500 partici­ superiority of Christianity. Some want­ early criticized the parliament: the arch­ pants in the main hall and an equal num­ ed to cover up the divisions within Chris­ bishop of Canterbury and the sultan of ber in the overflow. Ticket scalpers did tianity and, indeed, help build a new Turkey. Only a very few Muslims at­ their work outside. Then the 15 days in Christian unity. A few wanted to show tended and their spokesman was a re­ between were devoted to the reading of the possibility of a new "universal re­ tired U.S. consular official who was a all kinds of papers on religious topics by ligion." Most of the Asians wished to recent convert. The most sought-after a great variety of religious leaders. The demonstrate that their old religions were delegations from China, India, and opening, and indeed the whole parlia­ not ~·pagan." They condemned·the ex­ Japan numbered fewer than two dozen ment, was skillfully handled by its chair­ cesses of the Christian missions. Some individuals. There were only a handful man, Dr. John Henry Barrows, minister of the missionaries present realized their of the First Presbyterian Church of methods had to be changed. Racism to­ Homer A. Jock, ·a Unitarian Universalist clergy­ Chicago. He was one of about 30 open­ ward U.S. blacks and even Japanese and man, attends Swarthmore (Po.) Friends Meeting. ing speakers, including the leading U.S. Chinese, was exposed, as was European

28 July 1992 FRIENDS JOURNAL Heathens

other religions as inferior. The parliament editorial on the parliament in Tenth also gave both an academic and a popu­ Month 1893. It stated that "there has lar thrust to the new discipline of com­ been no event of the current year that parative religions. The congress helped, has so interested religiously inclined peo­ in time, to modify Christian missionary ple as the Congress of Religions." It methods. added that "the result of all this is a The Quakers, as most other religious clearer apprehension of the religious groups, informally participated in the beliefs of the world and-to Christians World's Parliament and its auxiliary at least-a wider toleration of those congresses. Among the 16 Chicago or­ formerly stigmatized as heathens." ganizers of the Parliament; and the on­ There was never a "second" parlia­ ly layperson, was a Friend, Jonathan W. ment, although attempts were made to Plummer. Early the organizers sought organize another in the late 1890s and worldwide endorsements. One came from early in the 20th century. Such interna­ Quaker poet, John Greenleaf Whittier. tional multi-religious groups as the In­ He wrote, in his 84th year and "in very ternational Association for Religious feeble health," that "I can think of Freedom (founded by the Unitarians in nothing more impressive than such an 1900) and the World Conference on assemblage of the representatives of all Religion and Peace (founded in 1970) Centenary the children of our Heavenly Father." acknowledge their indebtedness to the Among the papers presented was one 1893 parliament. observances in by a Quaker, Aaron M. Powell. He dis­ y the mid-1980s religious groups cussed ''The Grounds of Sympathy and in several parts of the world be­ 1993 will mark Fraternity Among Religious Men." He Bgan planning for centenary ob­ recalled that, among the exhibits at the servances of the parliament. Early on, Columbian Exposition, was the great Sun Myung Moon announced plans to this remarkable Krupp gun. He described it as "a mar­ mark the centenary, and, indeed, he held . velous piece of inventive ingenuity,'' but several worldwide preparatory meetings. event 1n "absolutely appalling in its possibilities However, four multireligious dialogue for the destruction of humanity." He groups refused to cooperate with the predicted that, "if the religious people several interreligious fronts of the interreligious of the world, whatever their name or Unification Church and instead set-up form, will unite in a general league a­ their own informal network. Plans are dialogue. gainst war and resolve to arbitrate all already firm for observances, during difficulties, I believe that great Krupp 1993, in Chicago, India, Japan, Cana­ gun will, if not preserved for some mu­ da, and Europe. A preliminary seminar seum, be literally melted and recast in­ will be held at the Pacific School of to plowshares and pruning hooks." Religion at Berkeley next June. Hopes for economic conversion 99 years A Shintoist, Reunchi Shibata, speak­ anti-Semitism. War and militarism was ago! ing at the last session of the parliament, occasionally discussed. Poverty and al­ Two Quaker congresses were held­ may have been carried away by calling coholism were condemned. The partici­ one Orthodox, the other Hicksite. The it "the most remarkable event in history." pation of women in religious groups was quasi-official proceedings of the parlia­ However, the impact of the parliament evaluated, although their role at the ment gave this explanation: "Quakerism grew in the 20th century to the point parliament was a large one. Suffragette is not a system of negation merely. It is where Macmillan's 1986 Encyclopedia of Susan B. Anthony was among those sit­ not organized only to testify against cus­ Religion called it "a milestone in the his­ ting on the platform at the closing toms and practices. No philosophy has tory of interreligious dialogue, the study session. more positive backbone than Quakerism. of world's religions, and the impact of The World's Parliament w~s a hinge It's 'thou shalts' are more frequent, are Eastern religious traditions on American of religious history. It made possible sub­ thundered in louder tones, than its 'thou culture." Indeed, the parliament helped sequent dialogue among world religions, shalt nots.' Its principles were outlined turn the United States ir:t the 20th cen-. without Christianity automatically sitting in the apostolic church." tury from a "Christian" nation to, re­ on the high chair and looking down on The Friends Intelligencer published an ligiously, a pluralistic one. 0

FRIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 29 Reports

Evolving Patterns of of Abusive and Dysfunctional Families," led at Cambridge (Mass.). These leaders stressed by Judy Brutz, a marriage and family ther­ the importance of dealing with abusive situa­ Healthy Family Life apist, educator, and researcher, and Cornelia tions in meetings and churches before they Parkes. Cornelia is traveling in the ministry get out of hand. Dilemmas regarding confi­ The Friends Family Service conference on in New England with a concern for the spir­ dentiality, forgiveness, accountability, and "Evolving Patterns of Healthy Family Life" itual consequences of sexual abuse of chil­ protection of the vulnerable all need to be took place April 3-5 at Quaker Hill Con­ dren, under a minute from Friends Meeting considered. ference Center in Richmond, Indiana. The In other discussion, participan.ts agreed that event drew leaders and participants from there is a need for Friends Family Service, across the country and all branches of particularly since there is no other broad­ Friends. based Friends organization that addresses Participants came to a place of quietness family issues. The board was counseled to and rest where they could consider their com­ continue holding conferences, to focus on mon concerns for families and meeting life. education of meeting and church leadership, Worship throughout the conference opened and to present programs narrow in focus, hearts and minds to deeper levels of under­ such as the meeting's role in preparation for standing, purpose, and thanksgiving. and oversight of marriages. These recom­ The keynote address was given by Royce mendations mark the organization's transi­ Frazier, who is a marriage and family ther­ tion from being primarily a support group apist, as well as superintendent of youth and for Judy Brutz and her work to a group that director of the Family Resource Center of will find ways to serve all Friends on issues Mid-America Yearly Meeting. After identify­ relating to family. Members of the boar~ are ing a variety of family types, he spoke about Lynn Blanchard, Gordon Browne (outgoing), redemption: "God reserves for himself the Judy Brutz, Jan Hoffman, Gail Noland, and right to judge. We are called to be redemp­ Larry Sonner. tive, always calling people into wholeness. For information, contact Gail Noland, 325 We might want people to make different Ash, No. 3, Carlisle, lA 50047. choices, but we can't do it for them. We can·•t fix it." Judy Brutz He addressed the need for supporting the partnership of parenting couples, encourag­ ing peer relationships for single parents, and promoting a network of friendships for wid­ Excerpts from Epistles of owed and single people. He stressed the im­ portance of developing the "self' or the " I" the 1991 Young Friends of each person, because, " The ~e can't be a relationship if there is no self." International Gatherings Three workshops were offered, with groups Young Friends from around the world met rotating through all three. The first work­ last summer on three sites, piggy-backing on shop was " Pastoral Care of Families in Meet­ each of the three gatherings of the Fifth ing or Church," led by Loretta Gula and World Conference of Friends. Each Young Joseph Kelly. Loretta is a marriage and fami­ Friends gathering was held the week follow­ ly therapist who does research on how indi­ ing each larger gathering, either in the same vidual family histories affect church life. location or in a location nearby. Joseph is a drug and alcohol counselor and The theme was " One Body, Many Parts," pastor in Michigan. They presented a chal­ taken from Romans 12:5: " Though we are lenge to t~e usual way of ministeril)g to many, we are one body in union with Christ, families, using a family of several genera­ and we are all joined to each other as dif­ tions, its history, and issues. They discussed ferent parts of the body." how generational family histories can affect All three gatherings were faced with many current Jives and need for ministry. They of the sam~ issues: how do we name our spir­ considered some of the opportunities and itual guide? What do we all share as Friends? fears that arise when people share their fami­ What authority does the Bible have in our ly stories in a meeting or church setting. lives? Many of the questions with which par­ The second workshop was "P.ersonal and ticipants in the Fifth World Conference of Family Counseling for Individuals and Fam­ Friends wrestled were also manifest for ilies in Crisis," led by Tom.Klaus, a therapist Young Friends. In addition, Young Friends who works with teen-age fathers and has also wondered whether we had a particular written books for children from alcoholic role to play as youth. They were aware many families. Tom shared his personal experience would have the opportunity to shape the Re­ of moving from being a ''walking-wounded ligious Society of Friends in the future, and healer" to being a "wounded healer." In­ they wondered what their vision for that dividuals need 'both to acknowledge their future would be. They tried to discern their .own wounds and to find ways to give bless- ~ call to a powerful forward-looking vision. ing to others. :S. The first gathc!ring met in a former abbey The third worksh!)p was "Pastoral Care ~ in St. Gerard, Belgium. Participating were

30 July 1992 FRIENDS JOURNAL 63 Young Friends from 20 countries, repre­ Peru were there to conduct business. senting 28 yearly meetings. The epistle of this Southeastern Yearly · The theme for the meeting was "The gathering included this paragraph: Meeting Power of the Lord Is Over All: Facing the Tough Issues Together." In the keynote ad­ What we experienced was a celebration of In the quiet, wooded setting of Lakewood dress, Jan Wood, professor at Wilmington our diversity. Through our openness and Retreat near Brooksville, Florida, 42 young College, challenged Friends to step into the willingness to be taught, we have listened Friends and 120 adults gathered March 25-29 Light and show love to one another, a love keenly to that of God in everyone. We found for Southeastern Yearly Meeting's 30th that can become a tidal wave and transform worship in both unprogrammed and pro­ annual session. Participants came from the inner being to change the world around grammed meetings. Many of us received in­ meetings and worship groups in Florida, us. spirations from sources we did not know be­ Georgia, South Carolina, and other Friends Representatives increased their knowledge fore, or thought of with uneasiness or preju­ organizations. Four representatives came of FWCC and discussed interpretation and dice. We were touched by personal testi­ from Managua (Nicaragua) Worship Group, fundraising during a workshop Friday monies of experience of the living Jesus, as whose care SEYM shares with Friends World morning. well as by the simple statements of diffi­ Committee for Consultation. The Nicaragua The 1991 World Conference of Friends culties in naming the divine or the force Friends Center Committee gave a welcome was still prominent in the minds of.attende rs. which holds us together. Our joy found sense of renewed vitality and dedication in Latin Americans shared their experiences many expressions, and the singing continued the Pro-Nica project. from the conference in a panel discussion, outside of our· meetings. Participants celebrated the lives of Friends while all Friends were able to express their who had died since last year's sessions, feelings and insights about the conference The second gathering met at San Marcos among them Carolipe Nicholson Jacob, a during worship-sharing groups. de Ocotepeque, Honduras, and involved 73 leader in founding the All-Florida Friends Friends met for an evening of worship and Young Friends from 15 countries. In their Conference, which grew into Southeastern sharing with local Friends at Westgate Friends epistle , they asked themselves: Yearly Meeting, and Winifred Rash ford (see Church. The intimacy of the world family obituary, page 45), of Charleston, South of Friends was made real by the connection What are the ties that unite us? We have Carolina, of whom a Friend said, "She ex­ between the list of prayer posted in the no single answer. Naming and sharing our uded love." church bulletin board for Evangelical Friends diverse understanding and experience of God After a year of prayer and hard work, par­ Mission-related churches in Mexico, Bolivia, has been at times frustrating and difficult. ticipants approved a minute concerning re­ and Peru, whose leaders were present that For some, it is Christ who unites us, while vitalization of Friends United Meeting evening. others seek God by different paths. We have (FUM). Affirming that there are many ways In business sessions conducted with consec­ seen manifestations of the Divine through of being open to the Light, members of utive translation, Friends heard from Asia testimonies, the majesty of the cloud forest Southeastern Yearly Meeting cannot accept Bennett in her role as incoming executive of Guisayote, the power of silence and of any creed defining Quakers. They rejoice in secretary of the Section of the Americas. The prayer, the joy of singing, the blessing of variety among Friends and recognize that Right Sharing of World Resources Commit­ growing friendships, and the hospitality of without the common meeting ground FUM tee called on Friends to consider right shar­ Honduran Friends. bas offered, the spiritual vitality of some ing as a new testimony of Friends. Two new Friends would be diminished. SEYM Friends projects to help provide education in Bolivia The final gathering met at Chavakali, therefore hope FUM will continue to offer and Peru were among the 16 International Kenya, and included about 70 Young Friends that meeting ground. Quaker Aid projects approved during the from 14 yearly meetings. Their epistle re­ In workshops, Steven Main (FUM) and business session. The use o[ written reports counted the challenges that faced them: Marty Walton (Friends General Conference) circulated before the meeting allowed ade­ guided participants in studying Bill and Fran quate time on the agenda for difficult issues, Our plenary sessions urged us to revitalize Taber's chart on similarities and differences such as finances and the ever,changing rela­ our Quaker meetings, to look at diversity and between Universalist and Christocentric tionship with Latin American Friends. disagreement as strengthening, and to have Friends (see pages 14-17). - The Quaker Youth Pilgrimage Committee a vision, grounded in our faith, which will John Calvi, healer and released Friend had the particularly difficult .challenge of inspire Quaker youth. The many interest from Vermont, led the pre-session retreat and choosing 14 pilgrims to represent the Section groups raised even more challenges, which delivered the annual J. Barnard Walton Lec­ of the Americas this summer. The pilgrimage we urge Friends everywhere to consider. Can ture. His words brought us to greater under­ will be in England and Ireland. The 25 ap­ we overcome feelings of unease with differ­ standing of our own and others' trauma and plicants represent 15 yearly meetings, with ent methods of worship and different con­ of the work in moving from pain and suffer­ an almost equal number of programmed and cepts of Christ and biblical authority? What ing into wisdom and knowledge. unprogrammed Friends. can we do to stop violence against women? A minute of appreciation for Harold How can we discern God's will in our Bob and Dorothy Ann Allenson Smuck, the outgoing clerk, was approved, meetings for business? How can we stop and Gordon Browne was welcomed as the discrimination against people with AIDS? new clerk of the Section of the Americas. How can gay people be supported in socie­ FWCC Annual Meeting The closing worship was a particularly ty? How can we motivate Young Friends tender time of confession, testimony, and en­ groups to play their role in society? Having More than 220 Friends from throughout couragement for the future. Friends left the explored our differences and diversities, we the Western Hemisphere gathered in Colum­ meeting feeling anticipation about the future are determined to continue our quest for bus, Ohio, on March 19-22 for the annual of the Section of the Americas. those things that unite us as Quakers. We meeting of Friends World Committee for thank God for the chance to speak and listen Consultation, Section of the Americas. Rep­ Steve Serafin to each other. resentatives from Canaqa, the United States, Katharine L. Clark Mexico, Honduras, Costa·Rica, Bolivia, and

FRIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 31 FCNL Notes Strains of Racism

The FCNL staff discussed plans for this column in March. They knew then that the column should be about racism. They predict­ ed that by June, campaign rhetoric would have stirred up dormant strains ofracism, and the atmosphere would have a bitter taste. Then Los Angeles exploded.

ssues of race are always on the congres­ sional agenda. It doesn't take a riot to I put them there. Unfortunately, issues of race arise mostly in their sinister form, as racism. In February, Senator Hollings addressed a group of workers in his home state, South Dakota. Making a point about the pride U.S. citizens take in their products, he chose a grisly and racist symbol. He suggested that U.S. workers draw a picture of a mushroom cloud and write underneath it, "Made in America ... and tested in Japan." A few religious colleague organizations-but by no means all-joined FCNL in censuring Senator not ask permission of the debaters. Often its former Soviet states with our response to the Hollings's remark as violent and racist. presence is denied or ignored. To what degree people of Somalia? After the last presidential campaign, in does racism affect the small amount of hu­ · Is there racism in the debates we hear about which issues of race and crime were so insidi­ manitarian aid our country is willing to send supporting the public schools? Is the fight ously intertwined, FCNL joined in an effort to clearly starving populations in African about gun control lined with racism? to call attention to the role of racism in the countries? Is it fair to compare and contrast Los Angeles exploded again because too use of the death penalty. The studies, even our response to the plight of people in the many of us don't know the answers toques- the new ones, said nothing new. Racism has always been at the heart of this country's death penalty. Yet Congress could not accept the Racial Justice Act, even though it would Life of the Meeting only have allowed a convicted defendant in a death penalty case to bring in substantive I. Problem-solving. Being unsuccessful or evidence that race might be a factor in his unhappy with their search for God or lack­ sentencing. The evidence could be rebutted, Outreach ing meaning in their lives is often a reason and a court would still have to decide the for people to join Quakers. whole case, considering all the evidence. But 2. Good feelings. Joining a meeting for raising the issue of race in death sentencing by Fran McQuail fellowship or working on a cause alleviates was too much for most members of Congress. vertising is often a highly controver­ feelings of isolation or helplessness. " Welfare bashing" has become popular sial subject within a meeting, and again. At the state level, a number of candi­ that's understandable. We're all con- I don't think we have to join the ranks of dates have chosen to center their rhetoric on cerned about fiscal responsibiity and value sleazy advertising to let people know what people who "get something for nothing" and for our dollar. But I think it's more than Quakerism has to offer them and how they who "lean on the rest of us." In Congress, that. I think a lot of us have trouble with the can get in touch with us. It's just letting our such rhetoric frequently carries racial over­ " sell yourself" concept. We're bothered by light shine out from under that bushel a little. tones. At the federal level, a "workfare" pro­ the flashy images in the print or television Now to the nuts and bolts of it. You can gram was adopted in 1988 to require able­ media that seem to piggy-back a product or spend as much or little money on it as you bodied welfare recipients to work or enter a service on a "fun-times" message or with like. My worship group has just worked up job training programs. Even with that law exaggerated claims. a print ad that we are paying to place in the in effect, the Senate agreed by voice vote this I remember quite clearly being told by a local newspaper's coming events section. We year to an additional requirement that all public relations person in a seminar on are also going to make a page-size poster out states prohibit able-bodied individuals from marketing that there are only two things that of it and place it in free locations, such as collecting general assistance, which is a mini­ motivate people to buy or, in our case, join laundromats, grocery stores, libraries, school mal support payment available to some in­ something to solve a problem they have or staff rooms, university notice boards, and dividuals without families. In fact, Alaska something that creates good feelings in them. senior citizen centers. It is helpful to include is the only state in the union that actually al­ To successfully market your product, you a phone number for people to contact if they lows such payments without a work require­ had to make your PR fit under one of those need a ride. ment, but the myth was strong enough to two umbrellas. And I have to admit that I Here is a sample ad: carry the day. think she is right. I think Quaker meeting for Racism enters many debates, and it does worship fits under both points: The common form of Quaker worship is an

32 July 1992 FRIENDS JOU RNAL Est. 1689 WILLIAM PENN CHARTER SCHOOL Kindergarten through 303 Years of Quaker Education Twelfth Grade tions like these. Or maybe because we don't even understand the importance of these Operated under Charter issued by William Penn. The William Penn Charter questions. School is a Quaker college-preparatory school committed to nurturing in girls Perhaps the day will come when democracy and boys the education of the mind, the quickening of the spirit, and the in the United States will manifest in a fully development of the body. Penn Charter stresses high standards in academics, participatory government and economy. But the arts, and athletics. until that day, the distances between the Friends are encouraged to apply both as students and as teachers. neighborhoods in each of our cities will be Earl J . Ball Ill, Headmaster cavernous. Understanding chokes on such 3000 W. School House lane, Philadelphia, PA 19144 distances. (215) 844-3460 What can Friends do? Work for the kind of participatory democracy and economic system in this country that our government recommends with such confidence to other nations. Look for opportunities to influence government policy-making at all levels, to A Quaker Sponsored build this society toward one that takes ac­ count of the dignity of all of its members. Retirement Community What else? Help us all to overcome our nI~ ~ri~~ own racism. We can be our own tutors, our • Contemporary Apartments For An • Personal Care Residence For own healers. Racism thrives on whispers artd Independent Lifestyle Assisted Living innuendo. It falters in the light of open dis­ • Fully Licensed Nursing Home • In Continuous Operation Since 19o4 cussion and honest efforts to release its hold. • Convenient To Cultural And • Secure. Beautiful Grounds Borrowing an idea from the best basic liter­ Educational Centers acy program, "each one teach one," and, 6300 Greene St. by teaching, learn more. We need not pass Philadelphia, PA 19144 (215) 844-0700 our racism on to even one more generation.

Ruth Flower

hour of silence. We find that in this silence i Pendle Hill balances there may be a real meeting of people one solitude and community, with another, and of that of God within us. Any of those present may be moved to contemplation and action speak, or the meeting may find its strength so gracefully that all in si lent meditation. This strength prepares who come can be us to be active in this world, guided by our refreshed. ~ shared concerns for peace, tolerance, and social justice. If you would like information -Elise Boulding on the local Quaker meeting, please call ....

Some community newspapers have free community events listings, and most cable television networks have a community events PENDLE HILL bulletin board where a shortened version of A QUAKER CENTER FOR the sample ad could be used. It is also helpful STUDY AND CONTEMPLATION to mark the meeting place with permanent or temporary signs (if you are in a borrowed I meeting place). A listing in the yellow pages Quakers and non-Quakers alike come to Pendle Hill for spiritual enrichment or a bold listing in the white pages is also helpful to inquirers. People may look for us and study. The Pendle Hill community welcomes you whether for an under several possibilities: Quakers, Reli­ evening lecture, a short-term sojourn, a weekend conference, or a ten-week gious Society of Friends, or Friends. residential term. For more information call or write: Pendle Hill, Box F, 338 Plush Mill Road, From the Outreach Bulletin Board of Home Mis­ Wallingford, PA 19086 • (215) 566-4507 sion and Advancement of Canadian Yearly Meeting, this originally appeared in The Canadian New toll-free number 1-800-742-3150 Friend, March-Apri/1991.

FRIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 33 ~ :: : Parents' Corner : ...... ·":·~ . •. · ~·. ARose by . . . Any Other .~ •.·····-· ... Name by Wanda Coffin Baker lizabeth is learning to talk. It's a cute stage of life. You can hear how she Eis understanding and organizing her reality. She's a very orderly person and has categories of being. Both parents are "Mom­ my"; both brothers are "Howie"; everything she likes to eat-crackers, cookies, chicken­ noodle soup-are "cookies"; and all animals are "puppy." One day recently, she came walking into For Such Is the Kingdom the kitchen with a five-inch spider on her shoulder. "Waaa, waaaa, puppy," she pretended to cry. I responded to her game, of Heaven saying, "Poor puppy." It was a plastic spider. by Harriet Heath I don't think the spider minded being called hrist said, "Suffer the little children listening to them and asking them questions." "puppy," but Dad and Kenny are not real to come unto me and forbid them (Luke 2:46) Would this not have been won­ happy at being called "Mommy" and Cnot, for such is the kingdom of der at how and what and why? This search­ "Howie." Shakespeare may have been right heaven." The Bible does not tell us what ing and questioning was important. When that a rose by any other name smells the same, makes children an integral part of heaven. asked why he stayed behind, Jesus replied, but most of us still prefer to be called by our I have heard people identify many character­ "Did you not know that I must be in my name and not another's. istics of children that might qualify: their Father's house?" (Luke 2:49) In the Old Testament, there was an under­ naivete, their acceptance, their dependence, In the temple, Jesus was searching for lying belief that if you knew the name of a their joyfulness. For me, their unique quali­ answers. In our Quaker terms, is that not person or thing, you knew some of its essence ty is their openness to wonder at the beauty seeking, searching to know and understand? and would be able to engage with it and af­ of the earth, their ability to openly respond Is this not what we hear from our children, fect it. When Moses stood before the burn­ with awe. To wonder, "Why?" and "What?" if we listen to their wonderings? ing bush in the desert (Exod. 3), God told and "How do I fit in?" Our children's wonderings are not usual­ him to confront the Egyptian government to In meeting for worship recently, a parent ly around the same content ours are. True, release the Israelites. Moses was afraid the told of his son's ·wondering why. Within a children often respond with awe at what also Israelites would not believe his story, and he space of a few days, the three-year-old had demands our response, but children wonder asked God what God's name was. God an­ asked why our hands are attached to our about how the banana peel slides or the gate swered, "I AM WHO I AM. Tell them I AM arms, our feet to our legs; why the wind stops opens or the stars got there. These are exper­ has sent me to you." whistling when the car stops, and why the iences about how the world works that we Is God avoiding the question here, or is giraffe's leg bends at a different angle than have become accustomed to. Children seek God letting us in on part of the Divine's es­ ours. to understand where they fit at a concrete sence? Is the message that God is part of our During the last few months, I've marveled level of action, not as adults, who think reality, but that we can never fully know or at children's wonderings in this column: the through issues and choices of intervention. understand the specific details of this? Is God children who silently gathered to watch Children search for understanding at their refusing the boxes and labels we impose and waves hitting the rocks; Alex, who wondered level of development, much as adults search making us rely on our own burning bushes, how the stars got there; or Lennen wonder­ at their level of understanding. on our own times of meeting with the Spirit? ing why he slid on the banana peel; Lisa try­ We search together, our children and our­ Little children have a way of wiping the ing to figure out why and how the gate selves. The potential consequence of our slate clean and making us start over in our swung; and Ben who discovered what to do search is also included in the story about assumptions. So does God. when his baby brother was in distress. Jesus' visit to the temple. The story ends by What's in a name? The story of Jesus as a 12-year-old visiting saying, "And Jesus increased in wisdom and the temple supports my selection of children's in stature.... " May we and our children Wanda Coffin Baker and her husband, Douglas openness to wonder as the characteristic that also be so blessed. Baker, are pastors at Allen's Neck and Mat­ makes them representative of the kingdom tapoisett meetings in Massachusetts. This article This is the seventh in a series of articles by Har­ is reprinted, with gratitude, from the Allen's Neck of heaven. Aside from the Christmas story, riet on the role of Quaker values in parenting. newsletter of May 1992. this is the only description of Jesus as a child. FRIENDS JouRNAL invites readers to share letters, The story says, "After three days they found comments, and articles on their experiences in him in the temple, sitting among the teachers, parenting.

34 July /992 FRIENDS JOURNAL '1 TFSTTOWN VVSc H o o L Founded in 1799

Tradition with a History

The faces have changed but the Tradition lives on

Westtown Is a Quaker day and boarding school, pre-k through grade 12 For more Information, contact Henry Horne, director of admission Westtown School, Westtown, PA 19395 215/399-0123 f RIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 35 News of Friends

Two· Quaker artists of the 19th and early 20th ing spring break in March. rhe 19 young ers. She also coordinated planning of the centuries will be featured in an exhibition people worked at the Qualla Boundary three Young Friends International Gather­ that opened May 19 at the Miami Universi­ (Cherokee Reservation) in the Great Smoky ings, held following each of three sessions ty Art Museum in Oxford, Ohio. One of the Mountains of North Carolina. They were led of the 1991 World Conference of Friends. artists, Marcus Mote, was a sixth-generation by Helene Po!Jock of Haverford and Max There are no immediate plans to hire an­ Quaker and a self-taught artist. He worked Carter of Guilford. The group performed other resource secretary, although there is first as an itinerant painter, traveling up and 1,000 hours of work at the Challenge Ropes hope that the work be continued. Katharine's down the Ohio River. He taught at Turtle Course, the Children's Home, and Cherokee term was part of a four-year plan set up in Creek School and in 1840 established a small Family Services. They also met with local 1987, started in London, and passed to U.S. farm, where he painted full-time. He did por­ spiritual leaders to learn more about Tsalagi Young Friends at the end of the first two traits and miniatures in color on ivory, and (Cherokee) culture. The week culminated years. Now the results are to be evaluated experimented with daguerreotype. He was with a traditional Indian sweat ceremony, led and the next step planned. well-known for his biblical scenes, land­ by Amy Walker, a Cherokee who spoke at A group of young Quakers in the United scapes, and large traveling panoramas. the 1991 Gathering of Friends General States met in January to review reports from The second artist, Eli Harvey, was born Conference. the three international gatherings and begin of Quaker heritage in Clinton County, Ohio, work on a second International Young on the banks of Todds Creek. As a boy, he Earlham ColJege's president, Richard Wood, Quaker Committee. Although they agreed dreamed of being an artist and gave up at­ received an honorary doctor of laws degree that the work is important, they did not iden­ tending school so he could paint. He did por­ from Indiana University in May for his ef­ tify a future plan. It was suggested that traits for nearby farmers and townspeople, forts to advance international perspectives in future international gatherings be more ac­ until he had enough money saved to attend education. He became president of Earlham tivity or action oriented, possibly taking the the McMicken School of Art and Design in in 1985. In recent years, the Institute for Edu­ form of work camps or caravans. They a­ Cincinnati, Ohio. There, his teachers encour­ cation on Japan has been established at the greed the value of international gatherings aged him to go to Europe to study. He college, and the school's Peace and Global is in the personal transformations that occur earned money for the trip by again doing Studies program has been expanded. More when people meet each other across institu­ portraits. In 1889 he sailed for Paris and en­ than 60 percent of Earlham's students study tional boundaries. rolled in the Julian School, where his paint­ abroad sometime during their undergraduate Those ideas and other questions will be ing gave way to modeling, especially of ani­ years. Richard Wood, who speaks fluent considered during the next few months, with mals. He returned to New York, and later Japanese, has worked on numerous national the hope that way will open to form future moved to California, where he shared a studio committees to improve international plans. with Norman Rockwell. His work is in col­ education. lections of the Smithsonian Institute, New Legislation protecting the rights of military York Metropolitan Museum of Art, Los Combining the expressiveness of movement conscientious objectors is the objective of a Angeles County Museum, and New York with the richness of silence, sign language is drive initiated by the National Interreligious Zoological Park. used for communication in a special meeting Service Board for Conscientious Objectors Both Marcus Mote and Eli Harvey became for worship at University (Wash.) Meeting. (NISBCO). The Military Conscientious Ob­ artists in spite of discouragement from their Friends there started the experiment in Janu­ jector Act of 1992 (H.R.· 5060) was intro­ religious communities, where the arts were ary and report that it seems to be going well. duced in May by Rep. Ronald V. Dellums frowned upon as frivolous and worldly and Participants do not have to be good at sign­ (D-Calif.). Protection for conscientious ob­ opposed to the plainness of Quaker doctrine. ing, but are encouraged to be willing to learn jectors is administered by the U.S. Depart­ Marcus, born in 1817 in West Milton, Ohio, and to share. ment of Defense and can be changed at any was nearly expelled from Miami (Ohio) Meet­ time, according to the staff attorney of ing for his art activity. Eli, born in 1860, NISBCO. During the Persian Gulf War, COs received criticism but not the severe censure found out just how fragile those protections Marcus did, which reflects the change in are, with numerous cases of harassment and Quaker attitudes during the intervening abuse since brought to light. More than ISO years, a theme reflected in the exhibit. people have been or are now being prosecut­ ed for incide.nts involving their conscientious Receiving one of 62 National Endowment for objection to serving in the Gulf War. The the Humanities Foreign Language Fellow­ proposed legislation would establish consci­ ships, Kimberly Stockwell-Lobert will spend entious objection in statute and would in­ six weeks in the Loire Valley region of clude provision for conscientious objection France. She is a French teacher at Friends to a particular war. School in Detroit (Mich.). Fellowship win­ ners are given an opportunity to improve their The 13th Pro-Nica container of medical sup­ linguistic skills and develop projects to en­ plies, clothes, school supplies, sports equip­ hance their classroom teaching. They receive ment, sewing machines, typewriters, and first-hand contact with their language area, tools were unloaded March 16 in Managua, as well as exposure to the literature, art, his­ Nicaragua. The container left St. Petersburg, tory, music, architecture, and contemporary Florida, on Feb. 15, with contributions from issues in the a<,:companying foreign culture. The two-year term has come to an end for 23 groups in the U.S., some of them sister Kimberly has taught French for three years the resource secretary of International Young groups to Nicaraguan communities. The con­ for grades one through eight. Quakers. During this time, Katharine Clark tainer made duty-free entry into the coun­ has set up a network of contact people try after some tense moments in which the Students from Guilford and Haverford col­ around the world for exchanging informa­ government had insisted on charging 10 per­ leges joined together for service work dur- ti<;>n about events of interest to young Quak- cent duty on the value of the goods. The di-

36 July 1992 FRIENDS JOURNAL rector of CEPAD, the Nicaraguan organiza­ to move Mennonites, Brethren, and Quakers pre-1700 books and pamphlets, all manu­ tion that handles much of the paperwork, in this direction. In other business, a visit script collections, and collections of original wrote a letter to the government in early from Gene Stoltzfus of the Christian Peace­ pictures. From Aug. 29 through Jan. 4, 1993, March, pointing out that such a charge was maker Teams led to a discussion about how the library will be completely closed. likely to dry up the source of aid coming that program is related to New Call to Peace­ from Europe, the United States, and Canada. making and how the two might develop a The first same-sex ceremony of commitment As a result, the government reversed the rul­ closer working relationship. in Quaker circles in South Africa took place ing, allowing this shipment and others like Nov. 23 at Transvaal Meeting with about 60 it to enter the country without import fees. Digging non-native thistles and periwinkle people present. About 80 percent of the meet­ Container No. 14 is scheduled for shipping out of a natural meadow at Henry Cowell ing's members attended. The couple, Robin in early falll992. Pro-Nica works under the State Park in the California redwoods was Hamilton and Phil Atkins, has been together care of Southeastern Yearly Meeting and co­ one highlight of a " Restoration Work and for nine years. The issue of gay unions "was ordinates international support from a varie­ Worship Weekend," held over Easter. Other almost an afterthought" when considering ty of other Quaker meetings, individuals, and highlights, according to several participants, the issue of blessing couples of mixed race, organizations. For information, contact Pro­ were the feeling of connection with other wrote Robin in the Spring 1992 newsletter Nica, The Religious Society of Friends, 130 Friends who share a common vision and con­ of Friends for Lesbian and Gay Concerns. 19th Ave., S.E., St. Petersburg, FL 33705, cern for the Earth, and a sense of empower­ That matter came up at the 1981 session of telephone (813) 896-0310. ment as a result of coming together. The South Africa Yearly Meeting, when a minute weekend was sponsored by Pacific Yearly was drafted offering a Quaker marriage New Call to Peacemaking will focus on spon­ Meeting's Friends Committee on Unity with ceremony to partners of different races. soring local conferences and publishing a Nature. Someone suggested including commitments workbook on peacemaking. Those are the for same-sex couples. After discussion, directions set by representatives who attend­ Accessibility to the holdings of the Friends Transvaal Meeting agreed to "sanctify" both ed a May 15-16 meeting in Richmond, In­ House library in London will be restricted types of relationships. Robin writes that the diana. Doug Cox, a Quaker violin maker for the rest of 1992, due to building work. ceremony made a difference in his relation­ from Brattleboro, Vermont, said, "Our goal Open hours will be the same in August, but ship with Phil. "Putting our relationship 'out is to nudge historic peace churches toward the following materials will not be available: there' and asking for the support of other becoming contemporary peace churches." the archives of London Yearly Meeting, Lon­ people represents a different level of com­ The conferences and workbook will be tools don and Middlesex Quarterly Meeting, mitment for both of us."

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FRIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 37 Educational excellence Bulletin Board

for over 200 years • A national gathering for people involved to Friendly Woman, 84829 Harry Taylor Coed College Preparatory, -12 with music and children will take place Oct. Road, Eugene, OR 97405. Funds will be made 23-25 in Los Angeles, Calif. It is designed available to cover initial production costs and for singers, songwriters, families, music edu­ promotion. cators, teachers, radio hosts and other media people, promoters, distributors, retailers, • Five young adults are sought to work as and listeners of all ages. Families are wel­ interns in peace, justice, and social service come. The weekend will include song swap- agencies in Seattle, Wash. The internships are ,, . ping, guest lectures, folk dancing, and work­ for one year, beginning Oct. 1. Room and --~WOI"")'· shops on such subjects as multicultural music board (in a community house), health insur­ Moorestown Friends School and ethnic heritage, peace and environmental ance, and a subsistence stipend are provid­ 110 East Main Slrect, Moorestown, NJ issues, folk tradition in children's music, ed. The program emphasizes community ser­ teaching music, songwriting for children, vice, job training, living simply and com­ 609-235-2900 ext. 227 children's radio and musical theater, and munally, and adherence to Quaker values of resources for educators and librarians. Cost nonviolent conflict resolution, social justice, is $90, with lower rates for children. It is and equality. Known as the QUEST Pro­ A coeducation sponsored by the Children's Music Network, gram, it was initiated by University (Wash.) ~~b. boarding/day a nonprofit organization that fosters devel­ Meeting. Deadline for application is July 25. school for 24 opment and public awareness of children's For information, write to University Friends students in 7th-9th songs that encourage co-operation, multicul­ Meeting, QUEST Program, 4001 9th Ave., grades. Students tural diversity, self-esteem, environmental N.E., Seattle, WA 98105, or call Carolyn are involved in working, studying, awareness, and understanding of nonviolence Stevens at (206) 324-8963. hiking, caring, coping; learning and social justice. For information, contact and living in a small community in the Children's Music Network, Southern Cal­ the Black Mtns. of North Carolina. ifornia Region, 1544 Point View St., Los Calendar Angeles, CA 90035, telephone (213) 931-4150. Arthur Morgan School JULY 1901 Hannah Branch Road • A 28-page booklet is available listing musi­ Burnsville, NC 28714 cians, clowns, storytellers, puppeteers, and June 27-July 4- 1992 Gathering of Friends Gen· (704) 675-4262 other performers who address peace, justice, eral Conference at St. Lawrence University, Can­ ton, New York. Cost for individuals: up to $340, and environmental issues. Called Crafting a with lower prices for youngsters and family ar­ Better World: A Peace & Justice Performing rangements. Late fee $40 for registrations after Artists Directory, the booklet also includes May 26. Call FGC at (215) 561-1700 . • a section of resources. It was designed for Subscribe to 2-14-Quaker United Nations Summer School, people who plan events, such as conferences held annually for young people 20-25 years of age, A Fnendly Letter. Get and rallies, and would like to make the arts in Geneva, Switzerland. Features introduction to part of their programs. Cost is $2.50. The the work of the UN, visits to specialized agencies, ten exciting back issues-free! directory may be ordered from Church World films, discussions, and outings. For details on Service, P .O. Box 968, Elkhart, IN future events, write to the Personnel Department Now, with a subscription to A Friendly Letter, you can have ten of its 1QO.plus searching, crisply written reports 46515-0968. (QUNSS), Friends House, Euston Road, London on key Quaker issues and events-a $20 value-free. NWI 2BJ. Pick from the back issue list sent with your first issue. • Nominations are being accepted for the Leo Many of these reports have been the first-and some 5- 12- " Live simply so that others may simply the only-coverage of these important topics. Few and Freda Pfeffer Peace Prize for 1992 of the live," the Young Adult Friends of North America's Quaker publications have caused as much talk and con· Fellowship of Reconciliation. The prize is 1992 summer gathering, to be held in McNabb, troversy per page as A Friendly Letter since it first ap­ given to individuals or groups that have lll. Cost: $135. For information, contact Francis peared in 1981 . Read it and see why. A year's subscrip­ dedicated their energies to building structures Elling, 2514 Montana, Lawrence, KS 66046, tion (12 issues) is $19.95; sample copies free from A telephone (913) 749-0642. Friendly Letter, P.O. Box 1361 , Dept. FJ·3, Falls Church, of peace by nonviolent means and eradicating VA 22041. social injustice. T he prize carries a cash award 6- 11-"Nurturing Children and Our Spiritual of $2,500. Closing deadine for submissions Journey:A Family Week with Harriet Heath and is Aug. I . The recipient will be chosen by late John Scardina," at Pendle Hill, Wallingford, Pa. October. For information, or to submit Cost: $300. Contact Extension Office, Pendle Hill, Wallingford, PA 19086, telephone (215) 566-4507. THE HICKMAN nominations, contact the Fellowship of OF CONCORD QUARTERLY MEETING ,. Reconciliation, Box 271, Nyack, NY 10960, 6- 12-Multicultural youth work camp celebrating ~ . telephone (914) 358-4601 , or FAX (914) the American Friends Service Committee's work 358-4924. with Native Americans and the AFSC's 75th an­ niversary. To be held on an Indian reservation in Montana. Contact Jonas Davis or Joe Kalama, • Friendly Woman, now published by Friends telephone (206) 632-0500. 100 Year History in Eugene, Oregon, is looking for a different A Personal Care Home site and different editors, as of spring 1993. 7- 10-Western Gathering of Friends, at Lewis and • Reasonable Rates The magazine traditionally moves to a new Clark College, Portland, Oreg. Includes Friends • Not-for-profit from these yearly meetings: Canadian, lntermoun· location every two years. It began in St. Paul, • Quaker Tradition tain, North Pacific, Northwest, Pacific, South­ In Town Location convenient Minnesota, in 1974, and has been published west, and Rocky Mountain. Keynote speaker: to Shops and Businesses at ten different locales. Quaker women in Douglas Gwyn, author and pastor of Berkeley communities that are interested in undertak­ (Calif.) Friends Church. For information, contact I (215) 696-1536 ing a two-year period of editing and Ann Stever, 715 37th Ave., Seattle, WA 98122, West Chester, PA publishing the magazine are invited to write telephone (206) 322-8492.

38 July 1992 FRIENDS J OURNAL 8-12-Aiaska Yearly Meeting, at Kotzebue, at Paullina, Iowa. Contact Bill Deutsch, R.R. #2, Alaska. Contact Robert Sheldon, Box 687, Box 190, Decorah, lA 52101 , telephone (3 19) Kotzebue, AK 99752, telephone (907) 442-3906. 382-3699. 15-19-Fellowship of Reconciliation National Conference, "Building Community, Breaking AUGUST Free: Five Hundred Years of Resistance," at Snow 2-4-lntermountain Yearly Meeting, at Ft. Lewis The Guest House at Knoll Farm Mountain Ranch, Colorado. For information, College, Durango, Colo. Contact Martin Cobin, write or call FOR National Conference, Box 271, 1720 Linden Ave., Boulder, CO 80304, telephone lind Peace of 'miwl attd Renewal of Spirit Nyack, NY 10960, telephone (914) 358-4601. (303) 442-5047. On a 150 Acre Organic fa"" 15- 19-Wilmington Yearly Meeting, at Wilming­ 2-8-Pacific Yearly Meeting, at Craig Hall Com­ In tlse Hills of '\)enKOnt ton College, Wilmington, Ohio. Contact Marvin plex, Chico, Calif. Contact Jane W. Peers, 808 Scotch Highland cattle, horses, pond, Hall, Pyle Center, Box 1194, Wilmington, OH Melba Road, Encinitas, CA 92024, telephone (619) organic gardens, pastures with spec­ 45177, telephone (513) 382-2491. 753-6146. tacular views, a well established guest 15-Aug. 8-A workcamp for young people, ages 3-9-Baltimore Yearly Meeting, at Wilson College, house serving three hearty meals a 17 to 25, in Israeli-occupied Ramallah, focusing Chambersburg, Pa. Contact Frank Massey, 17100 on repairs to Ramallah Meetinghouse and con­ Quaker Lane, Sandy Spring, MD 20860, telephone day. Work in our gardens, hike our struction projects at Friends schools. Also includes (301) 774-7663. nature trails, relax in our hammocks, Palestinian and Israeli speakers, examination of 4-8-Mid-America Yearly Meeting, at Friends recreate your own spirit with a per­ Friends and Christian witness in the region, and University, Wichita, Kansas. Contact Maurice sonal retreat or in fellowship with trips to major religious and cultural sites of the Roberts, 2018 Maple, Wichita, KS 67213, tele­ Holy Land. Contact Friends United Meeting, 101 other guests. Reasonable rates by day phone (316) 267-0391. Quaker Hill Drive, Richmond, IN 47374-1980. or week. For brochure, write: Ann 5-8-Iowa Yearly Meeting (Friends United Meet­ 16-19-North Carolina (Conservative) Yearly Day, Knoll Farm, Bragg Hill, ing), at William Penn College, Oskaloosa, Iowa. Meeting, at Chowan College, Murfreesboro, N.C. Waitsfield, VT05673 · (802)496-3939 Contact Del Coppinger, Box 657, Oskaloosa, lA Contact Lloyd Lee Wilson, 536 Carnaby Court, 52577, telephone (515) 673-9717. Virginia Beach, VA 23454, telephone (804) 486-1532. 5-8-North Carolina Yearly Meeting (Friends Bringing Frien·ds' Concerns United Meeting), at Guilford College, Greensboro, lor Peace & Justice to 17- 19-Women in Public Ministry Gathering, N.C. Contact Billy M. Britt, 5506 W. Friendly Congress Since 1943 " From Seeds to Fruit," in Des Moines, Iowa. Ave., Greensboro, NC 27410, telephone (919) Wnte. or call ~2021547 · 4343 Focus will be on encouraging and nurturing wom­ tor actton suggest•on tape 292-6957. en in more effective ministry. Sponsored by the Meeting Ministries Commission of Friends United 5-9-0~io Valley Yearly Meeting, at Manchester Meeting, containing representatives from each College, Manchester, Indiana. Contact Ellen branch of Friends. For information, contact Mary Hodge, 4240 Cornelius Ave., Indianapolis, IN Glenn Hadley, 101 Quaker Hill Drive, Richmond, 46208, telephone (317) 923-8880. IN 47374-1980, telephone (3 17) 962-7573. 6-9-Western Yearly Meeting, at the Western Year­ 18-24-Northwest Yearly Meeting, at George Fox ly Meetinghouse, in Plainfield, Ind. Contact College, Newberg, Oreg. Contact Mark Ankeny, \ Robert Garris, P.O. Box 70, Plainfield, IN 46168, 18480 N.E. Chehalem Drive, Newberg, OR 97 132, telephone (317) 839-2789. telephone (503) 538-94 19. 7- 9-Gathering of Friends of African Descent, 19-21 -Central Alaska Friends Conference, at "Growing Together in the Spirit," at Howard Inn, Friends Retreat Center, Wasilla, Alaska . Contact Howard University. Estimated cost: $120 per Kimberly McGee, 2428 Tulik, Anchorage, AK adult. For information, contact The Fellowship 99517, telephone (907) 243-1324. of Friends of African Descent, 1515 Cherry St., Philadelphia, PA 19102. 22-26-11linois Yearly Meeting, at !YM Meeting­ house, McNabb, Ill. Contact Jerry Nurenberg, 7-16-Central Yearly Meeting, in Muncie, In­ 60255 Myrtle Road, South Bend, IN 46614, diana. Contact Arthur Holingsworth, 109 W. telephone (219) 232-5729. Berry St., Alexandria, IN 46001, telephone (317) 724-9668. 23-26-North Pacific Yearly Meeting, at Western Montana State College, Dillon Montana. Contact 8- 13-New England Yearly Meeting, at Hampshire Henry Van Dyke, 3300 N.W. Van Buren Ave., College, Amherst, Mass. Contact Elizabeth Caz­ Corvallis, OR 97330, telephone (503) 753-6391. den, 901 Pleasant St., Worcester, MA 01602, telephone (508) 754-6760. Assuring the Future 24-26-World Affairs Institute/ Young Scholars Program, in Black Mountain, N.C. For ages 16-24. 8- 16-Canadian Yearly Meeting, at Maxwell inter­ What better way to give expression to Features a variety of speakers, including professors, national Baha'i School, Shawnigan Lake, British your Quaker values? By leaving a por­ government offi cials, and representatives of inter­ Columbia. Contact Anne Thomas, 91-A Fourth tion of your estate to FRIENDS national relief and peace and social j ustice agen­ Ave., Ottawa, Ont. KlS 2Ll , Canada. cies. Applications were due by June 15. JOURNAL, you assure the growth of 11- 16-0hio (Conservative) Yearly Meeting, at Quaker thought and life long into the 25-30-Evangelical Friends Church, Eastern Stillwater Meetinghouse, near Barnesville, Ohio. future. Won't you consider a provision Region, at Malone College, Canton, Ohio. Con­ Contact Edward N. Kirk, 182 Bethesda St., Barnes­ in your will for FRIENDS JOURNAL? tact John P . Williams, Jr., 1201 30th St., N.W., ville, OH 43713, telephone (614) 425-4109. Canton, OH 44709, telephone (216) 493-1660. For more information, contact: 12- 16-East Africa (South) Yearly Meeting. Con­ 26-Aug. 1-New York Yearly Meeting, at Silver tact Javan K. Mirembe, P.O. Box 160, Vihiga, FRIENDS JOURNAL Bay, New York. Contact Joseph Vlaskamp, 15 Kenya. 1501 Cherry Street Rutherford Place, New York, NY 10003, telephone Philadelphia, PA 19102-1497 (212) 673-5750. during August-Elgon Religious Society of Friends. Contact Alexander Masika, P.O. Box 4, Lugulu, (2 15) 241-7280 29-Aug. 2- Iowa (Conservative) Yearly Meeting, via Webuye, Kenya.

FRIENDS JOURNAL July /992 39 Books

Review Essay fare, this by faithful obedience to the prompt­ ings of Christ's spiritual teaching and patient suffering of the reactionary behavior of those whose hearts had not yet been touched by his Conflict of Conviction love. Thus, 17th century Quakers introduced a new hope for the world with James Nayler's By William Kashatus, University Press of instruction. Are we limited to a choice of one 1658 proclamation tract, which encouraged America, 4720 Boston Way, Lanham, over the other? the faithful to conquer evil by surrendering MD 20706. 1990. 182 pages. $23, plus Some patriotic Quakers who either were dis­ their wills to the constant judgment and gui­ $2.50 postage and handling. Paperback. owned or withdrew as members by their own dance of Jesus Christ, the Lamb. A number of fruitful lessons may be request did not forget the attitudes and tradi­ William Kashatus attempts to show that the learned from this slim booklet. William tions that had bred them. William Kashatus Free Quakers were, at least by their own pro­ Kashatus displays the forces in time of war offers Nathanael Greene, a Friend from fession, an expression of this "Lamb's War," that leave Friends confused or polarized. For­ Rhode Island ("the fighting Quaker"), as an and at the same time, a part of the process tunate, indeed, are those who live through illustration. Greene saw the effort of Quakers of winning independence for the colonists such times unscathed, maintaining evenly to maintain neutrality in the conflict as "vil­ and establishing, as they believed, a radical love of neighbor and opponent. Our own lainous," and yet when he became quarter­ - reformation of United States society. Once times generate such tensions, and we do well master general of the Continental forces biv­ the reformation was accomplished, the United to recall the predicaments of other genera­ ouacked at Valley Forge, he "met regularly States would be "destined to be a great em­ tions so as to meet our own with a modicum for worship at the house of [the Quaker] Isaac pire over all this world ." Here was one of of wisdom. Walker . .. near the [Valley Forge] encamp­ the earliest expressions of so-called "mani­ Central to the theme of the book is the mi­ ment" during the hard winter of 1777-78. fest destiny," a popular U.S. nationalist bat­ nor separation that took place in Philadel­ Later, when appointed commander of the tle cry of 19th century Western expansionism. phia some 50 years before the great schism Continental forces in the South, Greene ap­ Perhaps it is one of the ironies of U.S. his­ of 1827. This lesser division took place be­ pealed to Friends after the Battle of Guilford tory that this principle of national self-asser­ tween traditional Friends and the so-called Courthouse that they care for the wounded, tion should have had its possible source, or "Free" Quakers who believed they should asserting that he knew "no order of people at least one of its sources, in apocalyptic support the revol~tionary effort. Their stand more remarkable for the exercise of humani­ Quakerism of the 17th century. In our own was, of course, a denial of the peace testi­ ty and benevolence." day, we hear some presidential talk of a " new mony in the interests of national freedom. Greene never renewed his membership in world order," significantly ommitting the For that, the Free Quakers were disowned by the Society, but his inclination toward Quak­ mention of the Lamb and his innocent war. the formal body, who denied them the use of erly opinion and practice continued to assert We hear passionate, if not even evangelical meetinghouses, schools, and burial grounds. itself. When the war ended, he settled in a proclamations of the irrepressible democratic The Free Quakers consequently built their Georgia plantation, where he showed his un­ impulses among all peoples, leading to self­ own meetinghouse on the corner of Fifth and easiness with the institution of slavery, insist­ determination and peace in the world. But Arch streets in Philadelphia, an elegant ing that "nothing could be said" in its de­ somewhere along the way, it appears we have building that still stands today. The painful fense. Thereafter, he devised "a plan of ad­ lost the humility and self-abnegation of self-confidence of both sides in this dispute mitting [his] negroes to the rights of copy Nayler (Were those virtues, indeed, so abso­ could give us pause. holders," his ultimate goal being to "demol­ lute as he claimed them to be?), and in their The Free Quakers had no difficulty defend­ ish slavery," thus demonstrating in some de­ place, nationalist pride and raw political self­ ing their patriotic support of the revolution­ gree the sensibilities of an abolitionist. One assertiveness. Personally and nationally, we ary cause on the highest ground: they claimed might say, once a Quaker, always a Quaker; continue to need radical spiritual cultivation. the response of conscience enlightened, as or, perhaps, some are more Quakerly than they believed, by the spirit of Christ, the In­ they intend to be. J. Bernard Haviland ward Light. For them, obedience to that Light William Kashatus's book contributes to the was more important than observance of the cultivation of modesty and temperance on J. Bernard Haviland, a member of Media (Pa.) peace testimony, it being a living experience both sides of these difficult issues. He shows Meeting and FRIENDS JOURNAL Board of in contrast to the pro forma behavior of the us how erosive to a tranquil Quaker faith is Managers, is retired from teaching at Westtown traditional pacifist. The sufferings of the Free success in business, on the one hand, and are School. Quakers on being disowned by the "stiff" the promptings of patriotism on the other. conservatives, were no different, they argued, His study of the "Welsh Tract" and the for­ from the oppressions they had suffered from tunes of Friends in the Great Valley, where Reviews the British government, or, for that mattter, the Valley Forge colonial encampment was sit­ the Anglican Church in its earlier oppressive uated, shows how there was a broad spectrum The Nonviolent Coming claims for the tithe collection. This persecution, of both compliance and noncompliance they claimed, sanctified them as a religious among Quaker farmers to the peace testi­ of God body, just as it had Nayler's and Fox's gen­ mony. However difficult it may be for those eration of Friends.· Free Quaker leaders ex­ among us who have suffered for conscience's By James W. Douglass. Orbis Books, horted their followers to surrender themselves sake to accept without some negative judg­ Maryknoll, N.Y., 1991. 236 pages. wholeheartedly to the leading of the Light and ment the behavior of more liberal Friends, the $13.95/ paperback. thus bring themselves to a more humble dis­ variation of application of faith to practice Did Jesus view the second coming as an position, thereby purging themselves of "the is still with us today. "inevitable and divinely willed revenge" pride and self-will that characterized the larger The last section of this book, "The Lamb's upon all sinners for rejecting him, as millions Society of Friends." Thus, in Quaker history, War Ethic," shows how the idea of God's of people throughout the centuries have been inspiration and traditionare set against one redeeming plan could be expected to be ac­ led to believe? In his inspiring new book, another for our consideration and, perhaps, complished without engaging in physical war- James Douglass answers this question with

40 July 1992 FRIENDS JOURNAL CREMATION Friends are reminded that/he Anna T. Jeanes Fund will reimburse cremation costs. (Applicable to members of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting only.) for inform111on, wrile or telephone RIC HARD R. BETI'S 500-B Gl

FRIENDS J OURNAL July /992 41 ~WOODS COURT~----~ One bedroom apartments available for people age 60 results in an explosion of energizing ideas and above. Applications to be put on waiting list that puts readers on the road to realizing the second coming the author believes Jesus are being accepted. envisioned-the nonviolent coming of God.

Thomas Lyons, Administrator Eleanor Bowman Friends Home at Woodstown Eleanor Bowman is a member of Nashville (Tenn.) Woodstown, NJ 08098 Telephone (609) 769-1500 Meeting who currently a/lends Huntsville (Ala.) Meeting. She writes for a computer graphics com­ WOCX>STOWN ! pany in Huntsville.

WHAT KIND OF A WORLD The Commanders By Bob Woodward. Simon and Schuster, DO YOU WANT? New York, N.Y., 1991. 398 pages. $24.95. This book o ffers a detailed view of the in­ side story of the U.S. military leadership, in­ cluding the president and his top aides, dur­ ing the first two years of the Bush Admin­ istration. About half of the text deals with the build-up to the Gulf War. An extraor­ dinary work of contemporary history, it de­ tails the behind-the-scenes stories of the U.S. foreign policy through military intervention. An important subtext is how decisions that Environmentally Sound? Peaceful? affected- and cost-the lives of tens of thou­ With Equal Opportunity? sands of people were made as a result of the Concerned About World Development? decisions, rarely unanimous, of only a hand­ fu l of men. This can be most disconcerting Then Consider for those who try to find solace by relying on a sense of historical inevitablity of tragic decisions by solely emphasizing structural PAX WORLD FUND* causes. At the same time, it underlies Friends' A mutual fund that invests in companies: assumptions that there is no predestination, ___ exercising pollution control that it is ultimately individuals who need to ___ producing life-supporting goods and services be reached. ___ not involved in weapons production Despite his fame in uncovering the Water­ gate scandal, author Bob Woodward is a life­ ___ with fair employment practices long Republican and defender of the status ___ promoting some international development quo, as exemplified by his recent series of ar­ Pax World is a no-load, diversified mutual fund designed for those who wish to develop ticles in the Washington Post praising Dan income and to invest in life-supportive products and services. IRA and Keogh plans Quayle. This bias becomes apparent in his available. Minimum investment $250. reference to the U.S. " liberation" of Grenada • Pax World Fund is the only mutual fund in the nation affiliated with a Foundation that, and Panama, of the U.S. bombing of two for eight years, has supported tree planting in areas of the deforested Third World. Libyan cities in 1986 as "scaring Qadaffi This is not a solicitation in those states where the securities have not 'been qualified. back into his tent,'' and to the lessons of the Vietnam War as being to send enough mili­ A prospectus containing more complete information about PAX WORLD FUND, including tary forces and give military commanders all charges and expenses, will be sent upon receipt of this coupon. Read it carefully before more leeway. you invest. Send no money. 0 Regular Account The more important bias is his failure to To: PAX WORLD FUND, INC. 0 Send IRA Packet observe the many underlying double stan­ 224 State Street 1-SQ0-767-1729 0 Simplified Employer Pension Plan dards in U.S. policy. For example, he de­ Portsmouth, N.H. 03801 0 403 (b) Pension Plan scribes the killing of a U.S. serviceman and Please send me a free prospectus and information on Pax World Fund. the detention and harassment of an officer and his wife by the Panamanian military as Name ------~------the key factors leading to the decision in Address ------­ December 1989 to invade Panama. There is City, Zip ------no mention of more than a dozen U.S. citi­ Occupation ______:...______zens who were killed, tortured, imprisoned, and threatened during the previous decade Telephone No. 0 Day______,o Eveninii------by the Salvadoran military, which received FJ-7192 hundreds of millions of dollars worth of

42 July 1992 FRIENDS JOURNAL You could be LEFT OUT! arms, training, and support from the U.S. Subscribe! government. Reservations for display ads in FRIENDS Still, there are some interesting insights.in JOURNAL are now required. to FRIENDS JOURNAL the book, such as the firing of Gen. Frederick Issue: September. Reservations must be Woerner, head of southern command in made by July 13, 1992. All ads must be Please enter a subscription to Friends Journal, Panama just months before the invasion, be­ received by July 20, 1992. payment for which is enclosed. cause "he was an expert on Panama-per­ Issue: October. Reservations must be 0 1 year $18 0 2 years $34 haps too much so." Also, top U.S. military made by August 10. 1992. All ads must (Add 16 per year for postage outside North Ameri&a.) leaders knew they had thousands more nu­ be received by August 17, 1992. clear weapons than necessary by any standard 0 Enroll me as a Friends Journal Associate. Don't be left outl Call (215) 241-7279 My contribution of$_ _ is in addition to strategic rationale and knew the Gulf War now for your reservation. would be very one-sided. However, they the subscription price and is tax-deductible. showed sufficient concern in public so it My Name ______would appear to be a miraculous victory. Pen­ tagon officials never believed Iraq was con­ Widely acclaimed for Music. Adme~ ------Drama and the Arts. sidering an invasion of Saudi Arabia, which Grades 9-12; Friends Co-Educational was the original rationale for the U.S. deploy­ Boarding and Day ment of troops. There was widespread belief 0 This is a gift subscription in my name for: within administration circles that sanctions Name------~- would be enough to force Iraqi withdrawal OaK.wood from Kuwait. Diplomatic initiatives prior to Address------launching the war were exercises for public School opinion. The Saudi ambassador believed that Contact Brian Fry the war had been sealed simply by a "cultural Director of Admissions Send renewal notice 0 to me. 0 to recipient. misunderstanding." In addition, Gen. Col­ Oakwood School in Powell, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of 515 South Road Friends Journal, 1501 Cherry Street, Poughkeepsie. NY 12601 Staff, opposed commencing with war. (914) 462·4200 Philadelphia, PA 19102-1497 As long as Friends do not lose sight of the bigger picture, this well-written volume can be interesting reading. Yet it also serves as Imagine a vacation so relaxing a reminder that with reporters such as Bob you feel/ike part of the scenery. Woodward, it is no surprise that U.S. mili­ tarism is still so widely accepted by the Experience a farm vacation: public. - Experience animal life first hand Stephen Zunes - Explore hundreds of acres of pristine wilderness Stephen Zunes is director ofthe Institute for a New - Participate in activities of farm life Middle East Policy. He attends University (Wash.) - Relax in a peaceful, simple Meeting. atmosphere - Enjoy beautiful scenery In Brief - Excellent family get-away Open Year Round, Groups Welcome, Private Accommodations, Meals Available Dream Symbol Work By Patricia H. Berne and Louis M. Savary. Pau/ist Press, Mahwah, N.J., 1991. 163 Join th~ more than 60,000 people who pages. $11.95/paperback. If we chose one of these powerful words- dream, symbol, read COMMUNITY JOBS every month. work-and wrote down the past experiences Whether you are looking for a job at a and present feelings the word evokes, we would most likely increase our self-know­ non-profit organization or you already ledge. Similarly, in this book the authors have designed a thorough discipline for trans­ have one and you want practical and lating the symbolic language of dreams, one inspirational information to help you do symbol at a time. If a whole dream is too awesome, trivial, or confusing, choosing one that job better, COMMUNITY JOBS is the symbol and running it through some of these techniques would release information about newspaper for you. the designs of one's emotional, psychological, :i------0 $29.00/lndlvldual for 3 months --NAME:------, : and spiritual circuitry. From such new in­ l (3 Issues) ADDRESS: l : 0 $39.00/lndividual for 6 months : sights, actions can be taken. The techniques : (6 Issues) : are designed for a group, but can be used by. : 0 I've enclosed an extra $20 for CITY: : individuals. They are much more thorough ! overseas delivery STATE: ! than most of us have time for, but provide L-~~~~_ri!~~~~~'!-~~~~'!~!~_t!'!~~~-~!~~----~~~~------J a generous set of options for paying atten­ ACCESS: Networking in the Public Interest • 50 Beacon Street • Boston, MA 02108 tion to these notes from ourselves. (617) 720·5627 • Fax (617) 720·1318

FRIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 43 Resources

• Pacifists who refuse to pay the portion of their federal tax that would go to the military are interviewed on the video Paying for Peace: War Tax Resistance in the United States. Among those interviewed are Brian Newtown, ·PA 18940 Willson, a war tax resister and Vietnam vet­ eran who in 1987 was run over by a train while blocking munitions shipments at the Concord naval weapons plant in California. Also interviewed is Maurice McCrackin, a minister who was sentenced to jail for war tax resistance in the early 1950s; Ernest and Marion Bromley, who have lived under the taxable income level to avoid paying taxes for military purposes; and Juanita Nelson, an early civil rights organizer who was the first woman to spend a night in jail for war tax resistance. The video was taped in California, New York, Virginia, Ohio, West Virginia, and Nicaragua. Cost, including Founded in 1893 by the Society of Friends, George SChool is a co­ postage and handling: $25, for individuals, educational boarding and day school for students in grades 9 • 12. or $39.95 for organizations. For information The college preparatory curriculum emphasizes Friends values & includes: on getting a copy, contact the producer, • Courses on 4 levels of ditBculty • International Baccalaureate (IB) Carol Katonik Coney, P.O. Box 5946, • Advanced Placement (AP) • lntemadonal workcamps Takoma Park, MD 20913. • EngUsh as a second Language (ESL) • Required community service • Foreign study • Required full-year courses In the arts • The video Love Makes a Family, a visual • 13lnterscholasdc sports for boys & girls record of families of gay and lesbian Friends, For more information, please contact the Admissions Office: 215/968-3811 is available from Friends for Lesbian and Gay Concerns. Cost is a recommended dona­ tion of $29.95 to $49.95, payable to FLOC. To order a copy, write to Bruce Grimes, P.0. Box 222, Sumneytown, PA 18084.

• How to organize a march in your com­ munity to call attention to the need for defending, expanding, and conserving parks is the subject of the Guidebook March Part­ ner Kit, which provides a complete tirneline and other tips. The kit is offered by spon­ sors of March for Parks, which staged its first event in 1990 in 50 states, with 200 marches nationwide. To get a kit, write to News Tracks, National Parks and Conserva­ tion Association, 1776 Massachusetts Ave., N.W., Suite 200, Wash., DC 20036.

• A videotape examining the Gulf War's costs to all involved is being made available I by the Educational Media Associates, 5311 EARLHAM SCHOOL Western Ave., Boulder, CO 80301, telephone OF RELIGION (303) 442-6055. Cost is $19 for individuals A Quaker Seminary serving all Otristian or low-income groups, $45 for institutions, denominations plus $3 for postage and handling. The video Preparing Men & Women to Serve contains footage of war-time Iraq, as well Pastors • Chaplains • Teachers Cilmpus Ministers • Church Admlnlsrators as evidence suggesting that the U.S. govern­ Peaoe &t Justioe Workers ment exagerated the Iraqi threat to Saudi Arabia. Included are commentary from a re­ Inquiries are welcome. Write or call: tired admiral, a former ambassador to Saudi Arabia, a congressman, and speakers for Earlham School of Religion Greenpeace and the American Friends Serv­ Qiulm Ministry: Anlm>illllioll to Tr1111S{ormAiilm .ice Committee. 228 College Avenue, Richmond, fndiana 47374 1-800-432-1377

44 July 1992 FRIENDS JOURNAL Milestones J]JJJJJ..lk Births A QUAKER CENTER '-:--::.=:~:j!!; for Rest, Reflection, & Pollock-Jeffrey Wentworth Pollock, on May I, to Holly and Jeffrey M. Pollock. The baby's father \ 0 Renewal on 110 acres and grandmother, Penelope Pollock, are m~mber s ~ooLMAN "~~'"" of farm & woodlands. of Somerset Hills (N.J.) Meeting. Ideal for personal, group, Murray-Katherine Meadows Murray, on Jan. 20, & Friends Meeting Retreats to Lucy Richardson and Robert Murray. Both par­ fA INJl\JJ~'ii'l\JJ~OINJ<@ ~INJ"O~©INJIMJ~INJ 'ii' ents are members of Beacon Hill (Mass.) Meeting. g©!r fAlL!L ~@@~ rni!IU.)J; Smith-Kyle Preston Smith, on March 31, to ~ Gregory and Cheryl Smith in Canton, Ohio. -.i: write~· Keets Road His father and grandparents, Reed and .!! or .. Deerfield, MA 01342 Marjorie Smith, are·members of Dayton (Ohio) ~ l.ll.ll . call · . -· (413) 774-3431 Meeting. Stevens-Eleanor Deck Stevens, on Apr. 7, to gant meals, and welcoming friends to their home, Sarah and David Stevens. Her mother is a member mixing ages and conditions of people with ease. of Media (Pa.) Meeting, and her father is a mem­ After he was diagnosed HIV-positive in 1990 and ber of Austin (Tex.) Meeting. They are attenders his condition deteriorated, he maintained his in­ Small classes, strong of Reedwood (Oreg.) Friends Church. - terest in others' lives and allowed meeting members FRIENDS academics in a Willis-Bailey Starbuck Willis, on Jan. 21, to to become closer to him. His humor, balance, and SELECf supportive, caring Anne Hartley-Willis and Cornelius Willis, attend­ care for his community will be deeply missed. He environment ers of University (Wash.) Meeting. Anne is a mem­ is survived by his partner, Arthur Wong. SCHOOL emphasizing Quaker ber of Stillwater (Ohio) Meeting. Bailey's mater­ Draper-John Draper, 75, on Feb. 4, at his home values. nal grandparents are Lyn Cope-Robinson and in Santa Rosa, Calif. He was a member of Davis David Robinson, of Space Coast (Fla.) Meeting. (Calif.) Meeting. He lived in China the first eight . • Pre·K thru 12th years of his life, where his father was a Methodist ' Day School missionary. During World War II he performed e • After School Program Marriages alternative service as a conscientious objector, and • Summer Day Camp Jehle-Raisig-L. Miles Raisig and Diet Iinde Jehle, he was a life-long activist in the causes of peace on May 2, at Charlottesville (Va.) Meeting, where and social justice. It was natural for him to become 17th & the Parkway Dietlinde is a member. connected with the Religious Society of Friends. Philadelphia, P A He taught instrumental music in the Davis elemen­ tary school system for 31 years and often served (215) 561-5900 Deaths as sound engineer for school, civic, and community Bansen-Anna.Sherwood Bansen, 104, on March functions. He is remembered for the way he lived 9, in Philadelphia, Pa: A descendent of Quakers his principles; being frugal and believing in who immigrated to the eastern shore of Maryland simplicity, he often rode his bicycle instead of us­ 0 in 1653, she graduated from George School in ing his car. He was likewise uneasy about purchase 1910, taught in a one-room school in Wittman, and renovation of the meetinghouse, feeling the Md., for several years, and then moved to Phila­ money should be used to help people in need. He delphia to work in the circulation department of was a kind, gentle, giving person, wanting to do Curtis Publishing Co. She was a member of Cen­ his share of household chores even as his health tral Philadelphia, Lansdowne (Pa.), and Sarasota failed. He is survived by his wife of 50 years, (Fla.) meetings before joining Newtown (Pa.) Elizabeth (Liz) Thorpe Draper; five children, • maJlf21

FRIENDS JOURNAL July 1992 45 Mexico City Friends Center. Reasonable accommoda­ tions. Reservations recommended. Casa de los Amigos, Ignacio Mariscal 132, 06030 Mexico O.F. 705-0521. For information call (215) 241-7279. Caaa Haberto Seln Friends Center. Reasonable accom­ Consultation. As editor of Quaker Life from 1944 so• per word. Minimum charge is $10. modations. Reservations. Asociacion Sonorense de los to 1957, his editorials became the subject of discus­ Add 10% if boxed. 10% discount for Amigos, Felipe Salido 32, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. three consecutive insertions, 25% for six. Friends Meeting, Sundays 11 a.m. Phone: (011-52-621) sions in Friends homes and meetings throughout 7-()1-42. North America. Among the books and poetry he Appearance of any advertisement does not imply endorsement by FRIENDS JOURNAL. wrote was Quakers on the American Frontier, the Books and Publications story of Friends United Meeting. His work with ClassHied Ad Deadlines: Quakers took him across North America, to For September: July 20 Book about Jeaua by Jewish layman who explains 436 Europe, the Middle East, Japan, India, and For October: August 17 reasons why his ancestors rejected Jesus. $2.95 for 96- Africa. He played a key role in launching the page abridged or $19.95 for full 320-page volume: Jesus Mishegahs by Yoesh Gloger. Add $1 for postage or ask your Earlham School of Religion, serving as the first Submit your ad to: Advertising Manager, Friends Journal bookstore to order from Gloger Family Books, 630G Em­ chairman of its Board of Advisors, and many peo­ 1501 Cherry Street pire Blvd., Brooklyn, NY 11213. ple of younger generations remember his support Philadelphia, PA 19102-1497 and encouragement. His beloved wife Ruby died Fax: (215) 568-13n George Fox's volume Works (1 831 edition) are back in 1973. He later married Evelyn Clark, and they in print-at a great price. New introductions by Douglas made their home in Wichita until her death in Gwyn and others. Library bound, acid-free paper. Priced at $167.50 for 8 volumes. Sets may be ordered with $40 1984. He was known for his humor and humility deposit with balance due upon safe arrival. This set in meeting, his ability to crystalize prevailing would be a wonderful, lasting gih for your favorite meet­ themes in worship, and to rescue the meeting when Accommodations ing library. Prospectus available. Orders: George Fox it got into a difficult place. He is survived by one Ocala, Florida Meetinghouse: Two twin-bedded rooms, Fund, Inc., c/o Dan Davenport, P.O. Box 15142, daughter, Harriet E. Combs; and two sons, Paul split plan, private baths, spacious living areas. Reasonable. Portland, OR 97215. George Newkirk, Correspondent, 4910 Northeast 16th W. Elliott and Robert K. Elliott. His son E. Street, Ocala, FL 32671 . (904) 236-2839. Thomas Elliott preceded him in death. Beacon Hill Friends House is a Quaker-sponsored Collection of 60 beautiful poems for today's Seeker, Landes....:.Kathleen Kirk Landes, 73, on Feb. 19, residence of 21 interested in community living, spiritual including, The Silence, We, Dear Fellow Traveler, growth, peace, and social concerns. All faiths welcome. Brother's Keeper?, Reborn, The Truth, What's It All at Chandler Hall Hospice, Newtown, Pa. Born in About?, and Reaching. Illustrated. Send check or money Wycombe, Pa., she was secretary of her 1936 class Most openings June, September. Please apply early. For information, application: BHFH, 6 Chestnut Street, Boston, order for $5.00 plus $1 .00 shipping to: SELF, c/o Sabrina at George School, a 1940 graduate of Connecticut MA 02108. (617) 227-9118. Good, P.O. Box 693, Santa Monica, CA 90406-0693. California residents add 8.25% sales tax. College for Women, and trained as a concert Nicaragua Friends Center. Refuge for socially concerned singer. She worked in many places in Doylestown, travelers. Apartado 5391 , Managua, Nicaragua. Phone Pa., where she was known by many as a warm, (011-505-2) 663216 or 660984. Books-Quaker spiritual classics, history, biography, and current Quaker experience, published by Friends United friendly person. She cared for the little ones at Tidioute Friendly B&B. Peaceful oil rush town, N.W. Eagle Press, 101-A Quaker Hill Or., Richmond, IN 47374. Write Pa., Allegheny River, forests, chamber music; children Wrightstown (Pa.) Meeting, where she was a birth­ for free catalogue. right member. She was predeceased by her hus­ welcome. Box 222 Tidioute, PA 16351. (814) 484-7130. band, A. Stover Landes. She is survived by a son, Ann Arbor Friends Meeting has a guest room available MichaelS. Landes; a daughter, Cynthia Tredway; in Friends Center, $15 a night, 3-night limit, reservations For Sale needed. (313) 761-7435. a sister, Anna K. Lugar; an aunt, Hanna Mathews; Hawaii-Island of Kaual. Cozy housekeeping cottages. and three grandchildren. Peace, palms, privacy. $7512 nightly. 147 Royal Drive, Who are Quakers? t lvely, Informa­ Pineo-Ruth S. Pineo, 97, on Oct. 26, 1991 , in Kapaa, HI 96746. (808) 822-2321 . tive, for outreach and education. New video! 27 min., VHS, by Claire her home in South Starksboro, Vt. She was a mem­ The Berkahlrea, Maaaachusetts. Baldwin Hill Farm Bed Simon. $26.50 plus $3.00 postage. & Breakfast Box 125, RD3, Great Barrington, Mass. 01230, ber of Cambridge (Mass.) Meeting. She was reared Quaker Video, P.O. Box 292, (413) 528-4092. A Friends Victorian farm homestead of 450 on a farm in Connecticut and graduated from the Maplewood, NJ 07040. acres on a Berkshire mountaintop. Spectacular views a ll University of Oregon in 1914: She held positions around with warm hospitality and full country breakfasts. with Travelers Insurance Co. in Hartford, Conn., Close to golf, skiing, concerts, drama, museums. shops, and as registrar of Piedmont College. She mar­ trails, and restaurants. Open all year. Pool, hiking, maps Higher Education ried J. Franklin Pineo in 1934 and worked with and menus. him on many Friends activities until they retired NYC-Greenwich VIllage Bed & Breakfast. Walk to 15th Education for a small planet-SA degree by living what to Lake Wales, Fla., in 1966. She will be remem­ Street Meeting. 1-4 people; children welcome. (Two cats you learn in U.S., Costa Rica, England, Israel, Kenya, India, in house.) Reservations: (212) 924-6520. China, Japan. Language, homestays, field internships. bered for her Quakerly cooking at quarterly meet­ Semester and academic year. Friends World Program, Box Cambridge, England. B&B, historic old rectory. Ensuite ing; and at high school institutes at Friendly Cross­ 0, LIU-Southampton, Southampton, NY 11968. Tel: (516) rooms. Peaceful surroundings. Easy access. Also long stay 283-4000. roads, Milton Academy, Farm and Wilderness accommodation. (44) 223-861507; fax: (44) 223-441276. Camps, and Casa de Los Amigos. She is survived Quaker House, Chicago. Short· and long-term, inexpen­ by a sister, Charlotte Sears; a daughter, Jean; a sive accommodations available in historical Friends Opportunities stepson, J. Franklin, and his wife, Caroline; a step­ meetinghouse in Hyde Park. Meal options also available. son's wife, Lillian; ten grandchildren; and five For reservations, call (312) 288-3066. Child care exchange: Apartment in our home (separate great-grandchildren. A homely base In the heart of London? Short-, medium-, entrance) for child care for one-year-old. Number of hours and long-term accommodation available with excellent and schedule negotiable. Quiet neighborhood, just over Rashford-Winifred Jacobs Rashford, 16, on Feb. whole-food meals. Also meeting rooms for workshops, lec­ Boston line. Contact: Sarah Gant, (617) 964-9775. 77 15, in Charleston, S.C. Born to Quaker mission­ tures, and conferences. Contact: Quaker International Cen­ Waban Hill Road North, Chestnut Hill, MA 02167-1023. aries in Bluefields, Jamaica, she was educated there tre, 1 Byng Place, London WC1E 7JH; Tel: 071 -387 5648. Consider a Costa Rican study tour. February 4-15, 1993. and met Hector Rash ford, whom she married on Simple low-coat lodging for individuals and groups. Call or write Roy Joe and Ruth Stuckey, 1182 Hornbeam Aug. 12, 1942. She and her family moved to Seminar planning available. Quaker center on Capitol Hill. Road, Sabina, OH 45169. Phone: (513) 584-2900. Charleston, S.C., in 1977, where she was a found­ William Penn House, 515 E. Capitol St. SE, Washington, Craft Consignment Store looking for quality, hand-crafted DC 20003. (202) 543-5560. items; especially dolls, animals and quilted items. All sizes, ing member of Charleston (S.C.) Meeting, to all costs, all quantities. Send photo, description and cost which she was devoted. Guided by the Inner Light, London? Stay at the Penn Club, Bedford Place, London WC1B SJH. Friendly atmosphere. Central for Friends to: Emma Jean, P.O. Box 554, Meetinghouse Road, she did her best to live a Christian life of helping House, West End, concerts, theater, British Museum, Ambler, PA 19002-0554. (215) 628-2087. others. She also found peace and joy tending her university, and excursions. Telephone: 071-636-4718. garden. Her son, Barrington Rashford, preceded Washington, D.C., sojourners welcome in Friends' home Personals her in death. She is survived by her husband, Hec­ in pleasant suburb nearby. By day, week, or month. For tor; sons and daughters-in-law, Allan, Gloria, details call: (301) 270-5258. Single Booklovers gets cultured, single, widowed, or John, Grace, and Carol Rashford; eight grand­ Looking for a cree,lva living ahematlve in New York City? divorced persons acquainted. Nationwide, run by Friends. Penington Friends House may be the place for you! We are Established 1970. Write Box 117, Gradyville, PA 19039, or children; sisters, Millicent Munroe, Mary Harris, call (215) 358-5049. and Gloria Shaw; and brothers, Aubrey Jacobs, looking for people of all ages who want to make a serious commitment to a community lifestyle based on Quaker prin­ Clasalcal Mualc Lovers' Exchange-Nationwide link be­ Victor Jacobs, Clarence Jacobs, Allan Jacobs, and ciples. For Information call (212) 673-1730. We also have tween unattached music lovers. 1 (800) 233-CMLS, Box 31, Roy Jacobs. overnight accommodations. Pelham, NY 10803.

46 July 1992 FRIENDS JOURNAL Room, board, stipend. Ideal for graduating college student Avenue, Department F, State College, PA 16801 . Concerned Singles Newsletter links compatible singles For job description or information, write or call: Program Telephone: (800) 253-4951. who care about peace, social justice, and the environ­ Directors, Quaker House, 5615 So. Woodlawn Ave., The Hamed. Lovely old house and carriage house on quiet, ment National and international membership. All ages. Chicago, IL 60637. (312) 288-3066. residential, tree-lined street south of Media, Pa. Meals Since 1984. Free sample: Box 555-F, Stockbridge, MA Quaker Intentional Community seeks two new members served in main house. Short walk to train. Eleven units. 505 01262. for two-year terms, beginning this summer. Shared living Glenwood Avenue, Moylan, PA 19065. (215) 566-4624. and meal arrangements in historical Friends meetinghouse Positions Vacant in Chicago. Ideal for Friends new to Chicago. For informa­ Schools tion, write or call: Program Directors, Quaker House, 5615 Attorney to share rural general law practice. Trial ex­ So. Woodlawn Ave., Chicago, IL 60637. (312) 288-3068. United Friends School: coed; K-6; emphasizing integrated, perience helpful. Estab. 12 years in So. China, Maine. developmentally appropriate curriculum, including whole Twelve miles to Waterville, and to the capitol, Augusta. language and manipulative math; serving upper Bucks Austin Law Office, P.O. Box 150, So. China, ME 04358. Rentals or Hospitality Needed County. 20 South 10th Street, Quakertown, PA 18951 . (215) Caregiver, live-In or -out. For delightful thre&-year-old. Be Quaker professor and wife looking for temporary hous­ 538-1733. a part of our loving, laughing, family. Must be mature, af­ ing in Oakland, California area, late August through mid­ John Woolman School. Rural California, 9th-12th grades. fectionate, and delighted by children. Excellent, thorough December 1992. Welcome house sitting or exhange. Verne Preparation for college and adulthood, small classes, car­ references needed. Teacher's hours and holidays. Beautiful Bechill, 185 Pineview Dr., Alma, Ml 48801 . (517) 463-4539. ing staff, work program, service projects. Board, day. 12585 N.Y. Hudson Valley area. Call: (914) 424-3556 after 8 p.m. Jones Bar Road, Nevada City, CA 95959. (916) 273-3183. or weekends. Rentals & Retreats The Meeting School celebrates the transition from youth to adulthood by encouraging students to make decisions Bald Head Island, N.C. Lovely panoramic view of ocean, Center Director and Program Director (couple pre­ in their own lives in a Friends (Quaker) boarding high school dunes, lagoon and golf course from 4 bdrm, 2 bathroom, ferred) for Ben Lomond Quaker Center, a conference in southern New Hampshire. We emphasize experiential comfortably furnished house with wrap-around deck. 14 education, striving for innovative and challenging aca­ and relreat facility in the coastal redwoods, 80 miles miles of beach, championship golf, tennis, croquet, swim­ south of Francisco. Organizational and people skills demics while working with consensus and equality regard­ San ming and fishing. 13,000 acres of maritime wilderness. plus an understanding and support of Friends' values, less of age. Teenagers live on campus in faculty homes. Many birds and wildflowers. No cars on island. Peaceful, beliefs, and practices essential. Work closely with board, The school Is based on simplicity, honesty, the peaceful friendly. Activities for children. Rental by day or week. (215) Friends, and public. Comprehensive administrative resolution of conflict, the dignity of physical labor, mutual 699-9186. responsibilities: bookkeeping, reservations, QC spon­ trust and respect, and care for the earth. Admissions: The sored programs, hosting groups and individuals, fund­ Brooksville, Florida, home for lease. Beautiful, spacious, Meeting School, Rindge, NH 03461. (603) 899·3366. raising, computer (W.P., D.B., S.S.), housekeeping, and comfortable, 3 bdrm, 3bthrm. Huge trees, garden, pool. 45 Stratford Friends School provides a warm, supportive, property management Salary, housing, utilities, bene­ minutes from Gulf. $850/month. (813) 371-7343. ungraded setting for children ages 5 to 13 who learn dif­ fits. Request application by 7/20/92: Search Committee, Celo, N.C. Spacious vacation bungalow. Enjoy nearby ferently. Small classes and an enriched curriculum answer Quaker Center, P .0 . Box 686, Ben Lomond. CA 95005; river, mountain hiking, peaceful and beautiful setting; 'h the needs of the whole child. An at-risk program for 5-year­ (408) 336-8333. mile from Friends Meeting. $50/night for two. $10 each ad­ olds is available. Information: Stratford Friends School, 5 ditional person. Call Nan Fawcett: (704) 251-5826. Llandillo Road, Havertown, PA 19083. (215) 446-3144. Downeast, Maine. Small cabin overlooking ocean. Sleeps A value-centered school tor learning disabled elementary FGC Gathering position open: Assistant Conference four. Kitchen, bathroom. Surrounded by National Wildlife students. Small, remedial classes; qualified staff serving Coordinator. Full-time, year-round position with Friends Preserve. Secluded, quiet, and beautiful. $500 for two week Philadelphia and northern suburbs. The Quaker School at General Conference starting in September 1992, assisting rental plus utilities. (207) 546-2414. Box 183, RFD N1, Horsham, 318 Meeting House Road, Horsham, PA 19044. with registration and other logistics tor the annual Gather­ Milbridge, ME 04658. (215) 674-2875. mg of Friends. For job description and application, please contact Marty Walton, FGC, 1216 Arch Street 2B, Philadadelphia, PA 19107. Application deadline is July 31 . Interested In a vacation in southern Vermont, Services Offered Des Moines, Iowa. Quaker peace and justice organization September 4-September 20, in exchange for house and Electrical Contractor. Residential and commercial installa­ seeking senior-level community organizer. Candidate must pet sitting? Write: Jane Schilcher, P.O. Box 36, South tion and repairs. (Phila., Pa., suburbs.) Call Paul Teitman: be experienced in organizing, program development, fund­ Londonderry, VT 05155. (215) 663-0279. raising, budget management and supervision. Affirmative action employer. Candidates from any of these AA groups Loans are available tor building or improving Friends Mount Desert Island, Maine. Rustic shore-front cottage. meetinghouses, schools, and related facilities. We are encouraged to apply: people of color, women, les­ Seven-bedroom, 2-bath. Spectacular mountain/island view. bians/gays/bisexuals, and persons with disabilities. Friends helping Friends to grow! For information contact Twenty minutes to Bar Harbor and Acadia National Park. Katheryn E. Williams, Friends Extension Corporation, 101 Write/call tor job description and application form. American Available late July to mid-September, $1 ,250/week; mid­ Friends Service Committee (AFSC), 4211 Grand Avenue, Quaker Hill Drive, Richmond, IN 47374. Phone: (317) September to October, $600/week. Rebecca Marvil, (303) 962-7573. (Affiliated with Friends United Meeting.) Des Moines, lA 50312. Phone: (515) 274-4851 . 499-4566. Quaker Universalist Fellowship is a fellowship of seekers Goshen School seeks Head starting summer 1993. The Southwest France. Restored fifteenth century manor pre-school through grade 5, 185 enrollment, is under the wishing to enrich and expand Friends' perspectives. We house in hamlet near Bergerac in beautiful Dordogne. Ping­ meet, publish, and correspond to share thoughts, insights, care of Goshen Monthly Meeting. Applicants should have pong, tv., and bikes. Castles, prehistoric caves nearby. a firm grounding in Quaker tenets, experience in teaching, and information. We seek to follow the promptings of the Sleeps six. Spring through Fall, $1 ,000/month. July-August Spirit Inquiries welcome! Write QUF, Box 201 AD 1, administration. Send letters of application or nomination to: $500/week. Winter (no central heat) $200/month. Call Jean Search Committee, Goshen Friends School, 814 N. Chester Landenberg, PA 19350. Grant: (414) 748-2690. Road, West Chester, PA 19380. Wedding Certificates, birth testimonials, invitations, an­ Pima Monthly Meeting (931 N. Fifth Ave., Tucson, AZ nouncements, addressing, poetry, gifts all done in beautiful 85705) seeks Friend-in-Residence couple/individual by Retirement Living calligraphy and watercolor illumination. Book early for spring weddings. Write or call Leslie Mitchell, 2840 Bristol autumn. Apartment and utilities offered. Resume and let­ Foxdale Village, a Quaker life-care community . Rd., Bensalem, PA 19020, (215) 752-5554. ter of interest to Search Committee by September 1. Thoughtfully designed cottages complemented by attrac­ Assistant Director for Quaker intentional community in tive dining facilities, auditorium, library, and full medical pro­ Chicago. Responsibilities include managing guest room tection. Setting is a wonderful combination of rural and Socially Responsible Investing operations, supervising food budget, preparing meals, and university environment. Entry tees from $38,000-$105,000, Using client-specified social criteria, I screen in­ assisting directors. Some cooking experience necessary. monthly tees from $1 ,045-$1 ,925. 500 East Marylyn vestments. I use a financial planning approach to port­ folio management by identifying individual objectives and designing an investment strategy. I work with individuals and business. Call: Sacha Millstone; Ferris, Baker Watts; member NYSE, SIPC. (202) 429-3632 in Washington, Place your order now D.C., area, or (800) 227-0308.

for our fall issues. General Contractor. Repairs or alterations on old or historical buildings. Storm and fire damage restored. John File, 1147 Bloomdale Rd., Philadelphia, PA 19115. (215) For advertising 464-2207. Moving to North Carolina? Maybe David Brown, a Quaker inquiries call real estate broker, can help. Contact him at 1208 Pinewood Dr., Greensboro, NC 27410. (919) 294-2095. (215) 241-7279. Family Relations Committee's Counseling Service (PYM) provides confidential professional counseling to in­ dividuals, couples in most geographic areas of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting. All counselors are Quakers. All Friends, regular attenders, and employees of Friends organizations are eligible. Sliding fees. Further information or brochure­ contact Arlene Kelly, 1501 Cherry St., Philadelphia, PA 19102. (215) 988-0140.

fRIENDS JOURNAL July /992 47 The Mount Holly The John Woolman Friends Meeting Memorial The Quaker House and Woolman Commons of Medford Leas invite you to attend a panel program:

BUILDING QUAKER COMMUNITY

Sunday, July 26, 1992 1:00PM--3:00PM

at The Mount Holly Friends Meetinghouse High and Garden Streets Mount Holly, New Jersey

Panelists will include:

NANCY FROMMELT-- currently teaching at Pendle Hill, Nancy is a Franciscan Sister with deep concern and experience regarding issues of peace, economic justice, ecology, and community.

AL THORP-- a former lawyer with a special interest in not-for-profit organizations, AI , a graduate of the Earlham School of Religion, is the Program Director of the John Woolman Memorial.

MICHAEL HELLER -- an Assistant Professor of Literature and Writing at Roanoke College, Michael has an interest in communication as it relates to community and is presently working on a literary study of John Woolman's writings, entitled Soh Persuasion.

If you want more information or would like to worship with us and/or join us for lunch on that First Day, please call (609) 267-3226.