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European Integration of Ukraine As Viewed by Top Ukrainian Politicians, Businessmen and Society Leaders

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European Integration of Ukraine As Viewed by Top Ukrainian Politicians, Businessmen and Society Leaders European Integration of Ukraine As Viewed by Top Ukrainian Politicians, Businessmen and Society Leaders Stefan Batory Foundation, Warsaw International Renaissance Foundation, Kyiv Center for Peace, Conversion and Foreign Policy of Ukraine, Kyiv European Integration of Ukraine As Viewed by Top Ukrainian Politicians, Businessmen and Society Leaders According to standard interviews Inteviewers: Oleksandr Sushko Natalia Parkhomenko Volodymyr Nahirnyy Serhiy Seheda Iryna Sushko Stefan Batory Foundation Sapieżyńska 10 a 00-215 Warsaw tel. (48 22) 536 0200 fax (48 22) 536 0220 [email protected] www.batory.org.pl International Rennaissance Foundation 04053 Kyiv, vul. Artema 46 tel. |380 44| 461-9709, 461-9500 faks: |380 44| 216-7629 [email protected] www.irf.kiev.ua Editing Oleksandr Sushko, Natalia Parkhomenko Art Director of the Stefan Batory Foundation’s publications Marta Kusztra Cover design and typesetting by Teresa Oleszczuk The project „The Enlarged EU and Ukraine — New Relations” was supported by the Poland-America-Ukra- ine Cooperation Initiative (PAUCI), financed by the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), under the terms of Cooperative Agreement No. 121-A-00-00-00822-00. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID, Freedom House or PAUCI © Copyright by the Stefan Batory Foundation, Warsaw 2003 ISBN Contents Foreword 6. Ukraine’s effective way to European structures: independently or together with 1. What does ‘Ukraine’s European choice” Russia? mean to you? 7. What is common and what is different 2. Causes and obstacles of Ukraine’s between Ukraine and the “Western participation in the processes of European culture”? Is Ukraine a part of the Western integration. world? 3. How do you see your country’s contribution 8. Today’s state and outlook of European to the future of Europe; Ukraine’s role (real business in Ukraine, and Ukrainian and desirable) in the all-European political, business in EU. economic and public processes? 9. The problems of visas and migration 4. The EU’s present expansion and its influence from Ukraine to EU. upon Ukraine. 10. What would you like to change in the policy 5. The role of the neighbouring countries of EU concerning Ukraine? intending to become the EU members soon (Poland, Hungary, Slovakia), in realisation of the “European choice of Ukraine”. 5 Foreword The perception of Europe, European Union, and “European choice” in Ukraine is not just a demonstration of the attitude to some political or social-cultural sphere, but also an evidence of comprehension level of modernization tasks, which present- day Ukraine faces. Comprehension quality and the depth of European idea’s rooting affect society’s ability to carry out system transformations based upon fundamental European values. European theme is not new in the Ukrainian discourse: political, social, and even everyday. Sometimes there even creates an impression that notion space is overloaded with terms and definitions descending from the word “Europe”. Often these terms become the object of verbal manipulations and suffer becoming a myth. Sometimes “European choice” is tried to fill up targeted vacuum that had been created after the USSR’s collapse, owing to which European-hood turns from a set of day- to-day social values into a “bright purpose” that must substitute communism. There is a great deal of stereotypes around the ideas of European integration in Ukraine, the main of which is consumerism, that is bringing of European idea to the level of basket of goods and attractive shop window. Ukrainian elite has an essential problem with a lack during a long while of direct communicational channels with the European world: in the USSR almost all the contacts were accomplished through Moscow. As a result, Ukrainians not only got false idea about Europe, but also lost ability to independently articulate their interests and positions outwards. Ukraine, as a subject, hasn’t determined yet to a 7 European Integration of Ukraine full extent its place in Europe, and “Ukrainian myth” hasn’t become yet an organic and integral part of “European myth”. The lack of knowledge in Europe about Ukraine has its reverse side, which is deficit or distorted information about Europe in Ukraine. As a consequence, mistaken political decisions are often being made, and false stere- otypes are being formed. Nevertheless, quantity and quality of knowledge about Europe in Ukraine in- crease. It takes place first of all due to establishing contacts between Ukraine and Europe at the governmental, social and private life levels. The representatives of political and business elites, public organizations, intellectual and public leaders more and more comprehend Europe due to direct access to the system of international communications. Discussions around European problems in Ukraine become gradu- ally more systematic and professional. This issue presents current ideas about Ukraine’s place in European processes, as the most authoritative, active and successful Ukrainians see it. The object of this issue is relying on opinions of representatives of political, social, and business elites of Ukraine show, what contextual format has European idea in Ukraine. We render our sincere thanks to those thirty Ukrainian politicians, business- men, scientists, public figures, and intellectuals who agreed to an interview for this issue. We hope that on its pages you will find interesting information about the variety of notions, with which Ukraine fills its “European choice”. Oleksandr Sushko Director of the Center for Peace, Conversion and Foreign Policy of Ukraine 8 Exclusive interviews for this project were submitted by: Mykola Barabash Stepan Gavrysh Chief executive of the Association of MP, head of faction ‘Democratic Farmers and Landowners of Ukraine Initiatives’, coordinator of parliamentary majority Volodymyr Barabash President of ‘Monomakh’ corporation, Vitaliy Kononov Vice president of the Guild of owners of Chairperson of Green Party of Ukraine, small, medium and privatised enterprises board member, East European of Ukraine Development Institute Rayisa Bogatyriova Leonid Kravchuk MP, leader of faction ‘Regions of Ukraine’ MP, head of Social Democratic Party (united) faction, ex-president of Ukraine Andriy Derkach MP, ‘Labour Ukraine – Party of Ivan Kuras Industrialists and Enterpreneurs’ faction, Academician of NAS of Ukraine, director chairman of association ‘To Europe of Institute for Political and Ethno- together with Russia’ National Studies of NAS of Ukraine, MP, former deputy premier-minister of Ukraine 9 European Integration of Ukraine Ella Libanova Oleh Samchyshyn Advisor of the President of Ukraine, President of Ukrainian Consumers’ professor, doctor of economy Association Oleksandr Moroz Larysa Skoryk Leader of Socialist Party of Ukraine and Doctor of Architecture, professor of Socialist faction in the Supreme Rada National Academy of Arts of Ukraine, public activist Yulia Mostova Political journalist, deputy editor-in-chief Hanna Skrypnyk of ‘Dzerkalo Tyzhnya’ (‘Mirror Weekly’) Head of Congress of Ukrainian newspaper Intelligentsia, head of M. T. Rylskiy Institute of Art, Study of Folklore and Volodymyr Palij Ethnology of National Academy of Sciences Public activist, entrepreneur, president of of Ukraine, Doctor of Science, professor the Rivnensky media-club (Rivne) Volodymyr Stretovych Mykola Plavyuk MP, head of Committee of the Supreme Head of Organisation of Ukrainian Rada of Ukraine on struggle against the Nationalists, last President of Ukrainian organized crime and corruption, ‘Our People’s Republic in exile Ukraine’ faction Myroslav Popovych Natalia Sumska Director of Institute for Philosophy Leading actress of Ivan Franko National named after G. Skovoroda of the Theatre, people’s artist of Ukraine, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, theatre and movie actress doctor of Philosophy, professor, public activist Petro Symonenko MP, head of faction of Communist Party Volodymyr Pyekhota of Ukraine (CPU) in the Supreme Rada MP, head of ‘European Choice’ faction of Ukraine, first secretary of Central Committee of CPU 10 The Enlarged EU and Ukraine — New Relations Kostiantyn Sytnyk Yuri Yekhanurov MP, Yulia Tymoshenko Block faction, MP, ‘Our Ukraine’ faction, former first director of the Institute of Botany premier-minister of Ukraine, head of of National Academy of Sciences of parliamentary committee for industrial Ukraine, academician policy Borys Tarasyuk Volodymyr Yevtukh MP, ‘Our Ukraine’ faction, head of the Dean of Sociology and Psychology Parliamentary committee for European Department of Taras Shevchenko Kyiv integration, head of People’s Movement National University, doctor of science, of Ukraine (Narodny Rukh), director of professor, corresponding member of Institute for Euro-Atlantic Cooperation National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Ivan Tomych Viktor Yushchenko MP, Head of Parliamentary committee on MP, leader of ‘Our Ukraine’ faction, former agriculture policy and land relations premier-minister of Ukraine Yulia Tymoshenko MP, Head of Yulia Tymoshenko’s Bloc faction in the Supreme Rada of Ukraine Taras Voznyak Editor-in-chief of ‘Ji’ magazine, adviser of a head of Lviv Oblast State Administration, Lviv Natalia Yakovenko Doctor of History, Head of Department of History of Ukraine at the University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy 11 1. What does ‘Ukraine’s European choice’ mean to you? Mykola Barabash To my way of thinking, ‘Ukraine’s European choice’ is our consistent integra-
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