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Morocco Issued April 1993 [J)® [~)[ill 0@)U 0® [ill U[?@8Uc9J~ u.s. Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration BUREAU OF THE CENSUS Center for International Research PPT/92-5 Morocco Issued April 1993 Morocco, with an estimated popu­ would be nearly 44 million. Thus, Contraceptive Prevalence lation of over 27 million people in between now and 2020, Morocco Morocco has made impressive 1992, is the third most populous will add over 16 million people, progress in increasing the contra­ country in the Arab world and the almost double the size of its ceptive prevalence rate in the last seventh among all countries in 1950 population. 13 years. The 1992 Morocco Africa. Morocco tripled its popula­ Demographic and Health Survey tion since 1950 as births exceed­ Mortality in Morocco has improved (MDHS) shows that nearly 41 per­ ed deaths by a substantial mar­ substantially. Life expectancy at cent of married women of child­ gin. However, because of recent birth has increased from about 54 bearing age are current users of a declines in fertility, the average years in 1972 to 67 years in 1992. contraceptive method (MSP and annual population growth rate, Over the same period, the infant MI,1992). In comparison, only which was nearly 3 percent during mortality rate has declined by 62 19 percent of married women the 1950's, has slowed and is cur­ percent, from approximately 152 used contraception in 1979. In rently estimated at 2.2 percent. infant deaths per 1000 births to the 5 years between 1987 and Fertility in Morocco has declined about 57. As in most countries, 1992, the proportion of currently substantially in the past two women in Morocco live longer than married women using contracep­ decades. The total fertility rate men. In 1992, the estimated life tion increased by 5 percentage was nearly 7 children per woman expectancy at birth of women points (figure 2); with modern in 1972. Now estimated at about (69 years) exceeds that of men methods accounting for 90 per~ 4 children per woman, the total (65 years) by nearly 4 years. cent of the increase. fertility rate is over 40 percent low­ er than the rate in 1972. Both in­ Figure 1. creased use of contraceptive Total Population of Morocco, by Age: 1992 and 2020 1992 methods and delayed marriage 2020 have contributed to the decline 80+ in fertility. 75-79 70-74 Despite the decrease in fertility and 65-69 population growth rate, Morocco is 60-64 a demographically young nation 55-59 with nearly 40 percent of Moroc­ 50-54 45-49 cans under age 15 (figure 1). Also, 40-44 because of the young age structure 35-39 and the fertility level, which is above 30-34 replacement level, Morocco will 25-29 20-24 continue to grow in population size 15-19 for many years. By the year 2020, 10-14 with a projected decline in the total 5-9 fertility rate to 2.2 children per 0-4 woman, the projected population 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 Millions 2 Figure 2. with 57 percent of women with pri­ while for limiting, it increases with Trends in Current Use mary education; the rate was as advancing age (figure 5). of Contraception Among high as 65 percent for women with Literacy Currently Married Women secondary or higher education. of Reproductive Age, The literacy rate of the Moroccan by Method: 1983-84, population has improved over the 1987, and 1992 The 1992 MDHS suggests that Moroccan women are showing an last two decades (figure 6). In Percent 50,--------­ increased preference for smaller 1990, estimates show that 1 out of families. Almost 50 percent of every 2 adult Moroccans (age 15 married women do not want an and over) was literate (UNESCO, additional child and another 1991) compared with 1 in 3 in 1982, 40 f-------------1 24 percent want to wait at least and 1 in 5 in 1971. Over the last Traditional two decades, the female literacy Other 2 years before having their next rate also improved, but it remains '------' I modern child (figure 4). As a result, there Female exists a substantial unmet need substantially below the rate for sterilization males. In 1990, only 38 percent of IUD for family planning in Morocco. In 1992, 19.3 percent of married adult females were estimated to be women in reproductive age (over literate compared with over 61 per­ 800 thousand) have an unmet cent of adult males. need for family planning; i.e., al­ Urbanization Pill though fecund, they are not using Morocco is becoming increasingly contraception and wish either to urbanized. In 1950, 26 percent of have no more children or to space its population was urban; in 1990, the next birth. Among those with nearly 46 percent was urban unmet need, 41 percent are in (United Nations 1992; see figure need of a spacing method, and 59 7). In 1950, about 2.4 million percent need a long term method. people lived in urban areas. Now, 1987 1992 The unmet need is associated with more than five times as many age. For spacing, it is concen­ people (or nearly 13 million) live in Currently, 86 percent of contra­ trated in younger ages and de­ urban areas. By 2020, the urban ceptive users choose modern creases among older women; population will grow by an addi- methods. An overwhelming ma­ jority of married women who are users, 1.2 million out of 1.7 million Figure 3. Trends in Estimated Number of Currently or 71 percent, use the pill. Anoth­ Married Women Using Contraception, er 8 percent rely on the IUD and by Method: 1983 to 1992 7 percent on female sterilization. Number of married women (in millions) The number of women relying on 20~~~--=~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1 the pill for family planning has been increasing at a faster rate All than those using any other method ~------------::::;;;ii""'-'O=:----:::::;;;"",-Modern (figure 3). The 1992 MDHS shows that the Pill contraceptive prevalence rate is substantially higher in urban areas (55 percent) than in rural areas (32 percent). The rate increases markedly with increase in the education of married women. IUD Only 36 percent of women with no I ~~~~~~~~~::r===::::::=======~~ Female education are users compared O~ sterilization 1983 1987 1992 3 Figure 4. Morocco Ministere de la Sante Publi­ This report was prepared by Arjun Fertility Preferences of que and Macro International Inc. (MSP Adlakha, with the support of the Currently Married Women and MI). 1992. Enquete Nationale Sur U.S. Agency for International De­ Age 15 to 49: 1992 la Population et la Sante Maroc 1992, Rapport Preliminaire. Rabat. velopment. More detailed in­ ,-------- Want no more 49% United Nations. 1992 (forthcoming). formation can be obtained on re­ World Urbanization Prospects. quest from the Chief, Center for Want after New York. International Research, U.S. Bu­ 2 years 24% United Nations Educational, Scientific, reau of the Census, Washington and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). DC 20233-3700. 1991. Statistical Yearbook 1991. Paris. Want within 2 years 18% Figure 5. I .l-~-- Undecided 3% Unmet Need for Family Planning Among Currently Married Women, by Age: 1992 '---- Sterilized 3% Limiting Percent Spacing Declared 70 infecund 2% 60 tional 15 million, more than the en­ 50 tire 1965 population of Morocco. 40 Population Composition 30 Morocco is a demographically 20 I I young nation with 60 percent of 10 L Moroccans under age 25 and 40 ol _'He [ jj H I­ percent under age 15. As a result 15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 of the past and projected decline in fertility of women, these propor­ Figure 6. tions will decline in the future. Still, Literacy Rate Among Persons Age 15 Years Total and Over, by Sex: 1971,1982, and 1990 the number of children under 15, Male Percent ~ Female currently about 11 million, will con­ 70 tinue to increase, albeit slowly, to 60 nearly 12 million by 2020. The 50 working age population will grow 40 ~ faster than the total population I-----­ r:-­ and nearly double from the current 30 I-­ 15 million to nearly 29 million in 20 ~ 2020. During the same period, 10 ~ ~ the number of women of reproduc­ o l =r- tive age will increase from under 1971 1982 1990 7 million to over 11 million. Figure 7. References _ Percent urban Trend in Urbanization: 1950 to 2020 -- Urban population Morocco Ministtere de la Sante Publi­ que (MSP). 1984. Enquete Nationale Percent Millions Sur la Fecondite et la, Rapport Nation­ 70r-----------------------------,30 al. Rabat. 00 ~ . 1985. Planification Familiale 00 ~ Fecondite et Sante Familiale Au Maroc 1983-84. Rabat. 40 15 Morocco Ministere de la Sante Publi­ 30 10 que and Institute for Resource Devel­ 20 opment. (MSP and IRD). 1989. En­ 5 quete Nationale sur la Planification et 10 1L;.U.....,i+"'''~ la Sante de la Population au Maroc 0'-"""""""-'''''''''!!l...J!!!!!!!!!!!!L __ o (ENPS) 1987. Rabat. 1950 '55 '60 '65 '70 '75 '80 '85 '90 '95 '00 '05 '10 '15 '20 4 Table 1. Table 2. Population Indicators for Morocco: Contraceptive Prevalence Among Married 1982 to 2020 Women 15 to 49 Years of Age, by Method: (Population in thousands) Selected Years Indicator 1982 1990 1992 2000 2020 Percent current Percent distribution POPULATION users of users Total country ... 21,433 26,164 27,355 32,189 43,701 Urban. .. 9,036 12,062 12,862 16,384 27,619 Rural ........... 12,397 14,102 14,493 15,805 16,082 Method 1983- 1987 1992 1983- 1987 1992 84 84 Male, total country All .......
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