January 22, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 229 DEATH OF SENATOR RICHARD RussELL) , be delivered tonight only by actual -and necessary expenses incurred by BREVARD RUSSELL, OF GEORGIA his own colleague from that great State. the committee appointed to arrange for and I do wish to take this moment, though, attend the funeral of the Honorable Richard Mr. TALMADGE. Mr. President, it is B. Russell, late a Senator from the State of to announce that, at the conclusion of Georgia, on vouchers to be approved by the my sad duty to advise the Senate of the morning business on Monday next, the passing of the senior Senator from Geor chairman of the Oommittee on Rules and remainder of that day will be devoted Administration. gia. to eulogizing our late colleague. The State of Georgia leads the Na I wish to join with the distinguished The VICE PRESIDENT. Without ob tion in mourning the death of RICHARD Senator in the remarks he has just made. jection, the resolution (S. Res. 8) is con BREVARD RUSSELL--one of the greatest Mr. TALMADGE. Mr. President, I sidered and agreed to. U.S. Senators of all times, a distin thank the able and distinguished major guished statesman without peer, and a ity leader. ORDER OF BUSINESS fine man beloved and respected by all of Mr. President.• I send to the desk a us in the Senate today, and all those who resolution and ask for its immediate con Mr. TALMADGE. Mr. President, I served with him during his 38 years in sideration. suggest the absence of a quorum. this Chamber. The VICE PRESIDENT. The resolu The VICE PRESIDENT. The clerk will A great leader and a great statesman tion will be stated. oall the roll. has fallen. I know of no other Member of The legislative clerk read as follows: The assistant legislative clerk pro the U.S. Senate throughout all the his ceeded to call the roll. s. RES. 7 tory of America who served his Nation Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask with greater distinction. A legend in his Resolved, That the Senate has heard with profound sorrow and deep regret the an unanimous consent that the order for the own time, Senator RussELL will be en nouncement of the death of Ron. Richard quorum call be rescinded. shrined in history, along with giants of B. Russell, late President pro tempore of the The VICE PRESIDENT. Without ob the U.S. Senate such as Webster, Cal Senate and late a Senator from the State of jection, it is so ordered. houn, and Clay, and other Americans of Georgia. great stature. Resolved, That the President of the Senate For more than 50 years, Senator Rus appoint a committee, of which he shall be a RECESS-JOINT SESSION OF THE SELL served Georgia and the Nation as member, to attend the funeral of the de TWO HOUSES State legislator, speaker of the Georgia ceased Senator. Resolved, That the Secretary communicate The VICE PRESIDENT. Without ob House of Representatives, and Gover these resolutions to the House of Represen jection, the Senate will stand in recess nor of the State. He served for 38 years tatives and transmit a copy thereof to tihe to attend the joint session. in the Senate. family of the deceased. Thereupon, at 8:38 p.m., the Senate As President pro tempore, he was third Resolved, That as a further mark of re took a recess to attend a joint session of in line for succession to the Presidency. spect to the memory of the deceased, the the two Houses. In modem history, Senator RussELL was Senate stands adjourned at the close of the The Senate, preceded by the Secretary without peer in the Senate. No other joint session. of the Senate (Francis R. Valeo), the Member of the Senate was more beloved The VICE PRESIDENT. Without ob Deputy Sergeant at Arms EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS TUNNARD: A SOUTHERN RECORD in that battle and, later, when the war printed in the Springfield, Mo., News and ended, wrote a book about the action. Leader newspaper by its former manag That book has now been reissued with a ing editor-now retired-and my per HON. DURWARD G. HALL new preface and an additional 200 pages sonal friend. OF MISSOURI of notes along with a roster of the 2,200 To those who are interested in writings IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES names and service records of the mem about the Civil War, I offer the following Friday, January 22, 1971 bers of the 3d Louisiana Infantry. I have review: one of the numbered copies and have THE BoOK CORNER Mr. HALL. Mr. Speaker, on August 10, read it with absorbing personal interest. (Edited by C. w. Johnson) 1861, the Battle of Wilson's Creek, the The book is entitled "Tunnard: A SOUTHERN VIEW OF WU.SON'S CREEK second major engagement of the Civil Southern Record," and is published by War, took place. (A Southern Record, by Edwin C. Bearss and the Morningside Bookshop in Dayton, Willie H. Tunnard; Morningside Bookshop, The site, located southwest of Spring Ohio. The additional 200 pages and the Dayton, Ohio, 582 pages, $12.50 ($15 after field, Mo., was recently designated a na roster have been edited by Edwin C. and Jan.1)) tional battlefield by President Nixon. Margie Bearss. Mr. Bearss is an employee The battle of Wilson's Creek, second major Willie H. Tunnard, a member of the of the National Park Service. engagement of the Civil War, fought over the 3d Louisiana Infantry, was a participant A review of the work was recently rolling hills southwest of Springfield during 230 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1971 the morning hours of Aug. 10, 1861, should, ing assistance for lower income families 8. Total complaints received (all home pro according to the protocol of warfare, be called in some areas of the country have tended grams) for last six months (new and re the Battle of Oak Hills--the tdtle given it by to leave the impression of a nationwide opened) , 111. the Confederates. 9. Total complaints resolved or closed (all History records it as a Confederate vic scandal. I do not know what the situa tion may be in other areas of our Nation home programs) for last six months, 105. tory, although crediting the Union forces 10. Fourteen (14) 235 properties have been comes a reissue of a Civil War history that but I am impressed with the integrity of foreclosed since the inception of this pro the South was unable to press its advantage the program in North Carolina. Recently gram. by pursuing the withdrawing Northerners as I met with the FHA director in my State, they pulled back to Springfield and thence Mr. R. B. Barnwell, and with others as on to the northeast toward St. Louis. sociated with the program. They are All the accounts written of the battle EDUCATING OUR PRESCHOOL appear to be in general agreement, but now good men doing a good job. The informa CIITLDREN comes a reissue of a Civil War history that tion they provided about section 235 ac was writ ten immediately after the close of tivities in my State impressed me, and the war t hat offers several major differences I am entering it in the RECORD as an ex HON. FRED SCHWENGEL from previously accepted accounts. ample of responsible administration of OF IOWA This is an account of Willie H. Tunnard's this program: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES participation in the campaign in which the REPORT OF 235 ACTIVITY IN NORTH CAROLINA 3rd Louisiana Infantry figured, first the Friday, January 22, 1971 thrust int o Missouri, to be followed by scat The Housing and Urban Development Act of 1988 establishes a new Section 235 of the Mr. SCHWENGEL. Mr. Speaker, in my tered act ion in northern and western Arkan hometown of Davenport, Iowa, we have sas, t hen diversion across the Mississippi to National Housing Act to assist lower income take a hand in the prolonged defense of f amilies in acquiring homeownership or a unique organization devoted to pro membership in a cooperative. viding educational facilities for preschool Vicksburg. Assistance is in the form of monthly pay Tunnard, i "'rn in New Jersey in 1837 but children. The following guest editorial taken by his parents within a few years to ments by HUD to the mortgagee to reduce from the Davenport Times-Democrat ex Louisiana, attended and graduated from interest costs on a market rate home mort plains more fully the work of the Quad Kenyon College in Ohio and, With some early gage insured by FHA to as low as 1 percent if the homeowner cannot afford the mort City Montessori Association: experience in journalism, wrote this book immediat ely upon the close of the war. It gage payment with 20 percent of his income. A LIFE OF CREATIVE LEARNING The amount of subsidy will vary accord wa.s published in a limited edition and in (NoTE.-The guest article today is by A. ing to the income of each homeowner and Fred Berger Jr. on the work of Maria Montes consequence has long been out of print; the total amount of the mortgage payment now, with EdWin C. Bearss as editor it has sori and of the school opened recently by the at the market ra.te of interest. Family income Quad-City Montessori Association. Berger is been expanded by some 200 pages by the and mortgage limits are established for eligi inclusion of pertinent notes relating to the president of the association, first assistant bility in e :1 ch locality. county attorney in Scott County, and a mem war, and the addition of the roster of 2200 Assistance under Section 235 will generally names and service records of the members ber of the law firm of Dircks, Berger and be limited to new or substantially rehabili Saylor. He received a. doctor of jurisprudence of the Louisiana regiment . tated undts. However, within specified limits, But Tunnard's account of the Battle of degree at the University of Iowa in 1957. He, existing dwellings can be sold to the families his wife and three children live at 822 W. Wilson's Creek is at some disagreement with who are eligible for assistance. details generally accepted from other his When the 235 program, Interest Subsidy Rusholme St., Davenport.) torians. Tunnard writes, for example, that for Low Income Families, was instigated as Maria Montessori (187Q-1952) was Italy's the forces commanded by Gen. Ben McCul a result of the Housing and Urban Develop first woman physician. She devoted her life loch had been in pursuit of Union General ment Act of 1968, this office was alloe&ted to children's liberation. Her many books and Lyon from Cassville toward Springfield, and funds for 994 units. Activity in this program articles, all published many years ago but that some contact with Union forces had wa.s light in .the beginning and during 1969 as fresh as classics, should be read by any been made prior to the battle that began due to the newness Of the program and the one who knows a child. In them she sum before dawn Aug. 10. availability of money for other FHA pro marizes her careful observations of children Tunnard's story, too, relates that the Con grams and conventional financing. Most and presents her revolutionary thoughts on federates continued pursuit of the Union builders were slow getting on the band their educational needs. army all the way to Springfield, whereas his wagon. As money became less available, the In "The Absorbent Mind" Dr. Montessori torians generally accept the fact that the 235 program provided practically the only wrote "The most important period of life South suffered such crippling losses during means of obtaining construction and perma is not the age of university studies, but the the battle that pursuit was impossible. nent financing, interest in the 235 program first one, the period from birth to age six. Tunnard quotes official accounts to show increased sharply. For that is the time when man's intelligence that the Confederates had 5300 troops in the The first appropriation was 25 million and itself, his greatest implement, is being battle, of whom 156 were killed and 517 the appropriation for fiscal year 1970, 30 mil formed. But not only his intelligence; the wounded. More recent accounts indicate that lion, therefore, allocation of contract au full totality of his psychic powers ... At no the South had 11,600 men in the battle thority to this State has been small. As a. other age has the child greater need of an against the North's 5400, that the South sus result, obligation of 235 funds has been care intelligent help, and any obstacle that im tained 257 deaths, 900 wounded and 27 miss fully limited to builders known by FHA and pedes his creative work will lessen the chance ing as against the North's 233 killed, 721 who could produce and evenly distribute he has of achieving perfection." wounded and 291 missing. production all over the State. Dr. Montessori believed that no individual "Gen. Lyon was kllled about half-past one Interest has been altogether divided be is educated by another person. He must do o'clock, while bravely leading his men," the tween proposed and existing construction. it himself or it will never be done. A truly Tunnard account says, "his uniform was No interest has been shown in Rehabilita educated person continues learning long after cut up into small pieces and carried away tion. the hours and years he spends in the class as relics. His horse, a magnificent gray stal The following gives complete data on the room because he is motivated from within by lion, imported from England, was also killed, 235 activity in North carolina: natural curiosity and love for knowledge. and the boys cut all the hair from his mane 1. Contract authority allocated to cover She felt, therefore, that the goal of early and tail and distributed it." 5,439 units since the 235 inception. childhood education should not be to fill the This, too, as a reprint of a book originally 2. 4,500 commitments have been issued child With facts, but rather to cultivate his published in 1866, is of a. limited edition of under the 235 program. own natural desire to learn. 1000 copies. An important addition to the 3. The average sales price of properties Children, she observed, have periods of history of the Civil War, it is available from sold under the 235 program has been ap intense fascination for learning a particular Morningside Bookshop, Box 336, Forest Park proximately $17,500 for 3 bedroom and $19,- skill such as counting. It is easier for the Station, Dayton, Ohio, 45405, at the price of 500 for 4 bedroom homes. child to learn that particular sklll during the $12.50 through Dec. 31 and thereafter at $15. 4. Properties built under 235 have been sensitive period than at any other time in located evenly throughout the State with a. his life. She also observed tha.t in order to greater concentration in cities of 30,000 pop learn there must be concentration and the REPORT OF 235 ACTIVITY IN ulation or more. best way a child can concentrate is by fixing NORTH CAROLINA 5. 2,455 units (including those processed his attention on some task he is performing by the Farmers Home Administration) have with his hands-the hand being the chief been insured since the inception of the teacher of the child. program. HON. RICHARDSON PREYER From these theories and observations, OF NORTH CAROLINA 6. 235 complaints received in the last six months where original inspection was made Montessori developed the "Casas del Bam IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES by (a) FHA, 18; (b) VA (referred "to VA for bini" or children's houses. The Montessori school consists of a pleasant, carefully pre Friday, January 22, 1971 handling), 15. 7. 235 complaints resolved in last six pared environment where children feel com Mr. PREYER of North Carolina. Mr. months involving original FHA compliance fortable and at home. All equipment and Speaker, recent revelations about hous- inspections, 10. materials a.re scaled to the child's size. Each January 22, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 231 child is free to select activities which cor He threw his support behind the North tion and aggression and have dedicated respond to his own periods of interest and Vietnamese Communist effort to conquer themselves to the fight for national inde readiness thus allowing him to experience his own country, proving that treason pendence, rather than against it. the excitement of learning by his own choice can reach the top level of government. The U.S. Congress, while voting rather than being forced. All equipment in Portions of the North Vietnamese weapons and other material to aid the the classroom allows the child to reinforce his oa.sual impressions by inviting him to use armies immediately began marching Cambodian people, has voted against al his hands far learning. In addition, the class westward toward the Cambodian capital lowing American troops to go directly to room materials are self-correcting, allowing of Phnom Penh. By April 20 the town their aid. It will be interesting to see the child to do a task by himself. The adults of Saagn, only 20 miles from the capital, whether the spirit of the "Flying Tigers" in the classroom are there to help the child was seized by the enemy forces. Lon Nol, will revive, with Americans individually help himself rather than to teach in the the current leader of Cambodia, had ap volunteering to go and help the Cam conventiona.l sense. The classroom m&teria.ls pealed fruitlessly to both the cochair bodians. Under a 1967 Supreme Court de give specific inform111tion to the child e.nd at men of the commission set up by the 1954 cision Afroyim against Rusk, an Ameri the same time perfect all his natural tools for learning, so that his abllity will be at a Geneva Accords, which had guaranteed can cannot lose his citizenship for an maximum in future learning situ&tlons. Cambodian neutrality, and also to the action of this type. The Quad-City Montessori Association United Nations, which, as usual, was not The spirit of determined total re opened its school in Davenport last Septem interested in doing anything about ag sistance to aggression pervades the Cam ber. Formed by a group of parents concerned gression by Communists. On April 21 bodian people. They deserve to win, and, about the education of their pre-school chil he appealed directly to the United States with our help, they can and will win. dren, the association is a non-profit corpora for arms and ammunition to repel the ag tion dedicated to the task of maintaining gressors. Although a few captured AK- a Montessori school locally. It has 31 enrollees 3-5 years of age. Classes meet in St. Andrew 47 Czech and Red Chinese made rifles Presbyterian Church. Mrs. Neil Chrisman of were forthcoming, he was advised to look W. C. HANDY: THE LEGEND OF Geneseo, Ill., serves as the directress and is elsewhere for ammunition. Just where he BEALE STREET assisted by Mrs. Tom Tyree and Mrs. Marvin was supposed to look is a real question. Bryce, both of Davenport. Then on April 30, a combined United HON. JAMES H. (JIMMY) QUILLEN Montess:orians throughout the world are States-South Vietnamese force slashed observing the centennial of Maria Montes into the Communist rear areas in eastern OF TENNESSEE sori's birth. The Quad-City group is proud Cambodia. This effort, so soundly con IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to be a part of this centenary year. Their demned by some Americans who seem to motto is "building the foundation for a life Friday, January 22, 1971 time of creative learning" which summarizes have become most interested in the suc Maria Montessori's goal for all children. cess of the North Vietnamese war effort, Mr. QUILLEN. Mr. Speaker, Col. temporarily saved Cambodia from falling George W. Lee, a good friend of mine to the enemy. The Cambodians knew this and an outstanding figure in this coun well. To them, the charges that this op try, is one of the most magnificent and THE CAMBODIANS eration was aggression on the part of the eloquent speakers of our time. United States toward Cambodia are ri Recently, and understandably so, he HON. JOHN G. SCHMITZ diculous. They diplomatically refrain was selected to deliver the main address from calling these assertions malicious. at the dedication of the W. C. Handy OF CALIFORNIA Today, the Communist forces control Museum in Florence, Ala. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES half of Cambodia proper, and the situa W. C. Handy wrote the widely known Friday, January 22, 1971 tion is tenuous. The Cambodians have, song "Memphis Blues" and f:rom this Mr. SCHMITZ. Mr. Speaker, Kipling however, risen to the occasion in defense original art score came similar blues wrote: of their homeland. Two examples of the music-"The St. Louis Blues," and "The Beale Street Blues." But there is neither East nor West, Border, fine spirit of total national resistance a.nd nor Breed, nor Birth, When two strong men opposition to communism stand out from To give you some background on Col stand face to face, tho' they come from the among many. The first is the fact that onel Lee, I want you to know that he ends of the earth! the Cambodian Army has increased in has enjoyed one of the most successful numbers from 35,000 in March of this careers of any man I have ever known. The spirit exhibited by the Cambodian year, when Sihanouk was constitution Colonei Lee is a great American and people as they bravely fight to hold back ally deposed, to a current strength of has served as an inspiration to all of the North Vietnamese Communist armies over 150,000. This has been done without those who know him. He is a man of high has been likened to that shown by the principles and has led a life which has people of Great Britain during the early conscription. Here is a real people's war, with tens of thousands of Cambodians brought to him many rewards as a sol part of World War II. What Winston dier, author, lecturer, civic leader, and Churchhill said about the English peo flocking to the banner of what is known as the "Salvation Government" to fight successful businessman. ple during the Battle of Britain can be Colonel Lee's phraseology and his ora said today of the Cambodians: for their nation against an increasingly vicious aggressor. torical style are matched by few and the This was their finest hour. The second fact illustrating the spirit speech he delivered in Alabama certainly The small nation of Cambodia moved of the Cambodian people is less well brought forth these rare talents. into the forefront of the anti-Communist known. For years individual Cambodians I have read a copy of the dialect and struggle in Southeast Asia last March have been traveling to South Vietnam to I feel readers of the RECORD also are when the National Assembly voted no join an organization known as the Khmer entitled to read it. confidence in the long-time head of Serai-Free Cambodians. This group has The address follows: state, Prince Sihanouk. Sihanouk had been one of the main elements of the W. C. HANDY: THE LEGEND OF BEALE STREET allowed the Communists to tranship special forces efforts in many areas of Master of ceremonies, ladies and gentle goods across Cambodia from the port of South Vietnam. The Khmer Serai has men, I wish I could express my gratitude Komponk Som to their sanctuaries in proved itself to be one of the toughest for your invitation to share with you the glory of this hour, but my heart sinks into eastern Cambodia since the early 1960's. and most reliable anti-Communist fight a sea of gratitude and language takes its He had also made agreements with the ing groups in South Vietnam. Many of flight. Perhaps my feeling can be expressed Communists in violation of the Cam the Khmer Serai fighters have now re best by the line in Handy's "Beale Street bodian neutrality law of 1957 and the turned to their own land as it pursues its Blues," "I would rather be here than any Geneva Accords of 1954 which pledged new course in the fight for freedom. place I know." Nowhere has the dream of the Cambodia to maintain a neutral position. While many American students have Founding Fat:ners been more beautifully ex Upon learning of his ouster as chief pressed than in what you are doing here to demonstrated in favor of Communist war day. You have risen above race and tradi of state in favor of nationalist anti-Com aims, practically the entire student and tion to glorify the achievement of a great munist forces, Sihanouk rushed from teacher population of Cambodia have American who happened to be a black man. Moscow where, interestingly enough, he marched off to war against the North Thus, ;in Governor Wallace's land, you are was at the time, to Red China, where he Vietnamese invaders. They understand demonstrating that geography has nothing set up his present shadow government. perfectly the difference between libera- to do with the appreciwtion of genius. 232 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1971 The true test of the genius of an artist is shook wicked shoulders. It inspired jazz, rock racy would constitute the divine fire that how long his creations can remain in full and roll from which soul music come. would illuminate our presently fearful fu bloom in the memory of man. How long will It was Handy's great sense o! value that ture. Nevertheless, the "Beale Street Blues,• they be followed by mankind with admira caused him to discover the nationalistic the "Memphis Blues," and the "St. Louis tion and devotion? How long the dream of the element in the folk songs of black people in Blues" holds fast to something deep down artist, expressed on canvas, in prose, in music, the back country; songs that flowed in quick inside of one. They are more than songs. They or in song, can remain above the runways tears and laughter from their unhappy aa-e loving, shining symbols that only the to oblivion and not be forgotten or buried hearts; songs of burly roustabouts rolling soul of man can understand. So, when the beneath the tongueless silence of the dream cotton bales down the jumpy gangplank o! last sun goes down on the judgment day it less dust? A million songs have flown with the Robert E. Lee; songs of John Henrys will reveal three bright musical mansions in the drift of the wind; a million landscapes tapping up railroad tires, and 'from field the sky. The one on the right for George have been etched; a million sunsets over the hands in the sweltering river bottoms and Gershwin, built out of "Rhapsody in Blue." Rockies have been painted; a million faces of the tall corn fields; songs that the heart The one on the left for Stephen Foster, built heroes have tiptoed out of the fantastic couldn't tell in its own futile terms, but out of "My Old Kentucky Home." Then a imagination of the poet and dreamer, but borrowed from travesty and fervent plaint shaft of musical lightning will thwart the only a few have stood the test of time; have the wails from which Handy drew his own inky skies and reveal in the center a shiny withstood the whips and scorns of time and great songs. The wailing that Handy heard bright mansion for William Christopher remained sweeter and brighter as the years among the roustabouts, field hands, and Handy, built out of the "Memphis Blues," flowed by. workers on the levy took root in his mind and the "St. Louis Blues," the "Beale Street Hundreds of years have passed since Pyg he felt in his soul the apathy and despair Blues," with the solid foundation that those malion fashioned a Galatea out of rare and of these downtrodden people which he later who "sow in tears shall reap in joy." In my nameless marble, so life-like that he bowed expressed so admira;bly in 1his music. He was mind's eye I see St. Peter standing in the down and prayed to it to come into being, determined to do something to emphasize doorway to this blissful land where the and the Galatea is still cherished. Hundreds the nat ionalistic elements of these songs, set wicked cease from troubling and the weary of years have passed since Michelangelo dec them to music, and make the world sing is at rest. He extends his hand in fellowship orated the Sistine Chapel with paintings of them. This was not the determination of toW. C. Handy. As Handy approaches I think the disciples, prophets, saints, teachers, and black people, however, who rejected the I can hear St. Peter say, "You captured the apostles of Christendom that saved civiliza blues, but Handy thought differently. He attention of art and music and entrusted her tion when Rome was sacked by vandals. The knew that until the black man found his charms to your joyous care. Your magic paintings in the Sistine still prime the wells heritage he would never find his pride. He genius opened the closed door. Your achieve of enthusiasm and stir t he pride of a people would always be doomed to live a life of ments under the stars and stripes engaged strikingly devoted to Christianity and its subjugation. He knew the teaching of his the wonder of civilized man." great history. Hundreds of years have passed tory and that the strength of the people was since Mendelssohn wrote his overture to "A in its heritage. He had the guts to hold up Midsummer Night's Dream," and Goethe fin that heritage in our folk songs and give ished his "Faust." Hundreds of years have them everlasting voice with his golden trum passed since Mozart smote the lyre of the pet, pressed to hot lips and with his pen ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA EN Scottish plowman and stayed the life of the pressed to music paper. DORSES NEW CONSUMER PRO German priest, but they still remain as dis Vincent Lopez, in his first jazz concert TECTION PROPOSALS tinctive gifts to the world's treasure house of at the Metropolitan Opera, proclaimed the art and music. "Memphis Blues" the only original art score Standing here today, at the birthplace of in American music. Then George Gershwin HON. ROBERT McCLORY the immortal William Christopher Handy, I came along and admitted his dependence on OF ILLINOIS have no need to build up the value of his Handy's music for his "Rhapsody in Blue", IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES creations out of Pierian Spring Water and and America gradually woke up to the idea Sweet Lemonade, but I can use the same that Handy's music, the blues, might some Friday, January 22, 1971 yardstick that has been used to measure the day constitute the rough foundation of a Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, the new creations of other great artists who have new American culture. So Handy's place in starred their age and t ime. More than a history is secure. Around his fortunes, about proposed rule announced iast September half century ago Handy wrote the "Memphis his hopes, and amid his anxious tears gath by the Federal Trade Commission would Blues." It was then, and is now, so far as I ered the best minds, both black and white, provide a 3-day cooling off period-dur know, the first and only original art score rich and poor, to enjoy the festival of his ing which merchandise marketed door ever produced in American music. Its mood music called the blues. Sometimes in tav to door would be subject to cancellation and melody inspired the "St. Louis Blues", erns, and drawing rooms and hotel lobbys, by the purchaser. At a recent hearing on the "Beale Street Blues", the "Memphis they gathered to listen to his stories that this proposed FTC rule, Mr. Charles E. Blues", and a thousand other blues songs prompted his sad sweet songs. Swanson, president of Encyclopaedia that have flown with the drift of the wind The Milwaukee Journal, in 1949, named to Paris, London, Singapore, and then back him as one of the 20 grand old men of the Britannica, presented testimony in sup to a shotgun shack in the mud flats of East world, along with George Bernard Shaw, port of the FTC proposal. This endorse Street. A half century ago Handy wrote the Toscanini, Lionel Barrymore, Connie Mack, ment by Encyclopaedia Britannica is "St. Louis Blues." It still holds its place to Bernard Baruch, Cordell Hull, and others. He most significant--and has been described day in the minds of music lovers as one of was born here in Florence, but he was not of in a statement from the public relations the 12 great songs in the Treasure House of the south. He was not of the north. He was division of Encyclopaedia Britannica on American Music. When other hectic modern of the universe and all human kind was his Friday, January 8, 1971. I congratulate isms have lived their swift and furious lives brethren. His life is the tale of three streets, and have faded out in this country that "St. Beale Street in Memphis, Market Street in the officials of Encyclopaedia Britannica Louis Woman, With Her Diamonds Rings", St. Louis, and Broadway in New York, but for their enlightened position on this will be swinging down the corridors of time from the dust of Beale Street rose the legend subject. Britannica's endorsement is set to the echoes of the blues, rising like winged of a man. He pressed his trumpet to hot lips forth as follows: music through eternity. and a song came forth. "I hate to see that ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA ENDORSES NEW The vehicle for Handy's first great song evening sun go down." His music spans the CONSUMER PROTECTION PROPOSALS was IVa. Crump, who ran for mayor back in barriers of race and establish communica Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., one of the 1909, on a ticket to reform Memphis, which tion; builds bridges of communication from nation's leading publishers of educational at that time, was a hell-roaring river town. man to man; from heart to heart such as a materials, today announced its endorsement Handy, whose band was employed in the cam sick world is in such dire need of today be of the newly proposed Federal Trade Com paign, wrote a song for the occasion which cause the slaughter of human beings will mission trade regulation rule designed to ran: "Mr. Crump Don't 'Low No Easy Riders not stop and man will not reach the millen protect consumers from unfair and deceptive Here." The easy riders sang back: "I Don't nium until the Iron Curtains have been torn sales practices. Care What Mr. Crump Don't 'Low; I'm Gonna down in Russia, and the Bamboo Curtains The new trade regulation rule being pro Bar'l-House Anyhow." And they did just have been torn down in China, and the cur posed by the FTC was announced last Sep that, but in the end Mr. Crump had his way tains of racism have been removed from every tember and hearings are scheduled to begin and the easy riders faded into memory. But American heart. here January 19. Later in life Handy became more conscious the campaign itself was God's gift to W. C. of a mission. It is revealed in his Afro-Amer Charles E. Swanson, Britannica's president, Handy. The melody of the "Memphis Blues" ican hymn. It is revealed in his turn from commenting on testimony prepared for the has, for more than a half century, caused writing blues to gospel songs which reflected FTC, said "we are pleased to give unqualified bands to go to town on its red-hot syncopa a. feeling of concern about race and religious support to the FTC 'cooling off' proposals," tion, and a million juke boxes to swell up feelings that were tearing at the soul of the which concern sales practices, although, he loud in a million hog-nose restaurants and Nation. He gave endless days to writing such added, as the FTC records show, the most chitterling cafes, and in a million ballrooms songs that might breathe reality into the common complaints voiced by consumers re where kings and princesses over the earth American dreo.m so that a.n inspiring democ- garding direct distribution companies in- January 22, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 233 volve billing procedures and problems asso tisan Army-UPA-which fought not 1. The Soviet Union caused to be killed or ciated with the delivery of goods purchased. only against the Soviets but the Nazi die in prison many thousands of bishops, We favor, Swanson said, this step toward regime as well. priests, nuns, vergers, professors of theology greater consumer protection. Business and and prominent faithful of both the Byzan industry can and must do more in this entire The Brezhnev and Kosygin leadership tine-Ukrainian catholic and the Ukrainian field. is bent on keeping the Soviet-Russian Autocephalus Orthodox Churches in Ukraine. "If this rule is finally adopted for the en empire intact by persecution of Ukrain 2. The Soviet Union destroyed or con rtire home selling industry, we believe con ian intellec-tuals, professors, poets, writ fiscated historical churches, monasteries, sumers will have increased confidence that ers, scientists, and commentators. The seminaries, schools, icons, chalices and other their rights in the home have full and ade internationa:l press has been providing church property belonging to the Byzantine quate protection. a vast amount of documentation on the Ukrainian Catholic or the Ukrainian Auto "Home selling, an American tradition, ac cephalus Orthodox Churches or the Christian counts for a significant portion of all goods suppression of the Ukrainian culture. faithful. and services sold in the United States. This Briefly, the Kremlin rule in Ukraine 3. The Soviet Union deliberately sent segment of the economy is important to jobs, can be described as follows: Exploitation hoodlums into the churches to disrupt serv production and the economy in general. of Ukraine's economic resources for the ices and to physically attack priests and the However, it must be healthy to continue to benefit of Moscow and its imperialistic faithful. grow." ventures in Asia, Middle East, Africa, 4. The Soviet Union arrested falsely thous Heart of the new FTC rule is a mandatory and Latin America. Genocide and syste ands of clergy and faithful merely for prac three-day "cooling off" period which allows ticing their right to religious freedom. buyers three days before a sale of consumer matic deportation of Ukrainians to cen 5. The Soviet Union abolished Sunday as goods or services is final. Swanson said that tral Asia. Arrest and trials of Ukrainian a holiday and eliminated all other church in response to consumer interests and vary patriots including Ukrainian Commu holidays as a measure against the practice ing state regulations, Britannica voluntarily nists defending freedom of their country. of religion. introduced a four-day "cooling off" period Persecutions of all religions in Ukraine 6. The Soviet Union deliberately set ex 1n 1968 which goes beyond that currently and enforced russification aiming at the oi1bitantly high fees for the use of the being sought by the FTC. cultural and linguistic genocide of the churches they confiscated so that the priests Another important provision of the pro would have no place to conduct services. posed trade regulation rule calls for the seller Ukrainian people. 7. The Soviet Union declared priests, nuns, to protect the purchaser from misrepresenta All the available evidence of the professors of theology and other churchmen tion on the part of sales representatives. Western observers shows that the ever "non-working elements thus denying them "Britannica, recognizing its historical increasing tempo of repression has failed certain civil rights availaple to other mem position of leadership within the industry, to intimidate the Ukrainian people; bers of the Soviet society. is proud to take this strong consumer stance therefore, the Russian leadership in 8. The Soviet Union used numerous terror and to be the first company to endorse the Kremlin took brutal measures against istic measures to dissuade priests from proposed F'TtC regulation," he said. liberal movement in Czechslovakia. Since hearing confessions, celebrating Mass and Encyclopaedia. Britannica, Inc., American caring for the faithful and used similar owned since the early 1900's, has since be Kremlin leaders were convinced the methods of terror on the faithful. come a. highly diversified international pub liberal ideas of Czechoslovakia would 9. The Soviet Union imposed exorbitantly lishing organization. In addition to the 203- help Ukrainian liberals and other cap high taxes against priests and church prop yea.r-old Encyclopaedia Britannica, the old tive nations. erty so as to preclude the exercise of religious est continuously published reference work in Both the U.S. Congress and the Presi freedom. the English language, the company produces dent of the United States have expressed 10. The Sovdet Union dressed ,atheists in a. wide variety of other educational materials their concern over captive non-Russian priest's vestments, who with cross in hand both here and abroad. nations in the U.S.S.R. by enacting the held wild masquerades in the streets and ridiculed God, religious faith, the Church "Captive Nations Week Resolution" in and the priesthood as to discredit the dignity July 1959. of belief in God. THE 53D ANNIVERSARY OF UKRAIN I insert in the RECORD an article 11. The Soviet Union organized the "Union IAN INDEPENDENCE from the New Star, Chicago, TIL, en of Atheists" run by the communist party titled "Genocide Against Christians in and supplied them with various propagandist Ukraine": means at the expense of the state while deny HON. MARK ANDREWS GENOCIDE AGAINST CHRISTIANS IN UKRAINE ing the same to those who would encourage the practice of religion. OF NORTH DAKOTA WASHINGTON, D.C.-"The Ukrainian Cath 12. The Soviet Union organized the popula IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES olic Church must be protected," said Patrick tion to take part in anti-religious demon Cardinal O'Boyle, Archbishop of Washington, Friday, January 22, 1971 strations under duress of arrest for not on the occasion of the inaugural lecture of participating. the Roman Smal-Stocki Lecture Series spon Mr. ANDREWS of North Dakota. Mr. 13. The Soviet Union deprived the children Speaker, today marks the 53d anni sored by the Ukrainian Catholic Studies Foundation presented on December 11, 1970 of the clergy the right to get an education versary since the proclamation of in at the St. Josaphat Seminary in Washington, and denied them entitlement to work for dependence of the Ukrainian National D.C. by Archbishop Ambrose Senyshyn, normal wages unless the children severed all Republic and the anniversary of the Act OSBM, Metropolitan for the Ukrainian Cath connection their parents. of Union, whereby all Ukrainian ter olics in the United States. The thesis pre 14. The Soviet Union closed down all semi ritory was united into one independent sented was, "Christianity in Soviet Ukraine," naries and church schools in order to deny and sovereign state of Ukraine. The in in which the Archbishop charged the Soviet the Byzantine-Ukrainian Catholic and the Union with practicing genocide against Ukrainian Autocephalus Orthodox Churches dependence of Ukraine was proclaimed development of future priests. in Kiev, the capital of Ukraine on Janu Christianity in Ukraine. The Archbishop made 21 charges of geno 15. The Soviet Union denied the religious ary 22, 1918, and the Act of Union took cide and crimes perpetrated by the Soviet press the freedom to propagate the faith by place a year later. Union against the Byzantine-Ukrainian closing down all publishing facilities used The Ukrainian National Republic was Catholic and the Ukrainian Autocephalus by the Byzantine-Ukrainian Catholic and recognized by foreign governments in Orthodox Churches in Soviet Ukraine. Ukrainian Autocephalus Orthodox Churches. cluding Soviet Russia. Shortly after this In a lecture delivered by the Archbishop 16. The So;riet Union destroyed Christian recognition Russia began a large scale at St. Josaphat's Ukrainian Catholic Semi cemeteries and monuments and converted invasion of Ukraine. For 3% years the nary in Washington (Dec. 11, 1970), he the stone into building blocks for roads and stated that the Soviet Union systematically sidewalks, thus attempting to eliminate all Ukrainian people waged a gallant strug- planned the complete destruction of the traces of Christian tradition of the Ukrainian ·gle in defense of their conntry but it was Byzantine-Ukrainian Catholic and Ukrain people. subdued to a puppet regime of the So i~n Autocephalus Orthodox Churches, not 17. The Soviet Union forbade priests from viet Socialistic Republic. withstanding its so-called constitutional visiting the sick and dying thus denying The freedom loving people of Ukraine guarantees of religious freedom and its dem them the last sacraments. have not accepted the Soviet-Russian onstration of tolerance of religion to for 18. The Soviet Union prohibited the clergy domination and have since been fighting eigners by allowing a few "show" churches from engaging in any charitable and social to remain open. work on behalf of the needy, thus denying to regain their independence by all Archbishop Senyshyn charged the Soviet the priests from carrying out their religious means accessible to them. During World Union with the following deliberately duty. War n the Ukrainian people organized planned official acts of genocide and crime 19. The Soviet Union made false accusa a powerful underground resistance against Christians and Christianity in Soviet tions against the bishops, priests and other movement known as the Ukrainian Par- Ukraine: churchmen by charging them with collab- cxvrr--16-Part 1 234 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1971 oration with the Nazis, a crime of "high Russell Lowell lies a full calendar of unused that comes from the "new world". Be on the treason" against the Soviet Union. days. In read!ings of astrology and plottings lookout for the coming near of the spirit- 20. The Soviet Union denied the impris of horoscopes no one escapes the personal borne by persons, in places, under circum oned clergy and faithful the right of legal pinch "What will the New Year bring for stances. And we must not be timid or fear counseling or fair trial and further denied me?" The prospect of the future is always a ful of the price tag. Renewal, urban or them humane treatment. prime concern even though occupation with rura.l, polltlcal or social, is never cheap. 21. The Soviet Union applied extreme the business of the now is sufficient for the Above all spiritual renewal is never a bar pressures and tortures to the Byzantine business of today. Renewal is always a great gain basement item. Sacrifice, discipline, Ukrainian Catholic clergy in order to force longing of man. Alladin was taken in by the humility, love are dear. The stakes are high. them to renounce their Catholic faith and offer of "swapping" his old lamp for a new. Since man was first endowed with imagina to sever all ties with the Vatican. The last book of the New Testament is tion, since the struggle upward toward Ught In reply to the question of "what is the addressed to this very thought--"Behold I began, man has never been content with status of the Ukrainian Catholic Church in make all things new" is a startling assertion. self-containment. His spirit's only rest is in SOviet Ukraine today?" Archbishop Senyshyn And the Book of the Revelation will forever God--only then can he know all things made said, "The Catholic Church of the Byzantine be a mystery until it be understood as it was new. Put up the new calendar-a whole new Rite is outlawed in Ukraine. The faithful, understood by the recorder of its insights year, unused, lies ahead. God is making all however, worship in secret. There exists an and revelations, not an easy task for our things new. And for you and your world, underground Ukrainian Catholic Church in day. John wrote deliberately in pictures and always an available possibility. Soviet Ukraine. The Holy Mass is held in symbols while he was caught up in the spir secret and marriages are performed in secret." itual ecstasy of one who spent his whole Finally, t.he Archbishop said, "Nonetheless, time in communion with God-alone, in if we are to view the future of the Church exile, lost in contemplation. John on Patmos THE PENTAGON VERSUS from the perspective of faith, then we have was peculiarly in tune with God-he heard CESAR CHAVEZ every reason to hope for a happy resolution clearly because he listened intently. His book to every problem and difficulty. The Fathers continues to "bug" people who find in it de of the Church have always taught that the scriptions wholly alien to today's living HON. WILLIAM F. RYAN blood of martyrs is the seed of the Church. descriptions of events to be brought to fulfill The Ukrainian Catholic Church, has not ment. Efforts to give twentieth century han OF NEW YORK ceased shedding her blood, and because of dles to the picturesque, figurative symbolism IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this alone, c.oupled with an ardent faith in can end only in further confusion. We here Friday, January 22, 1971 God's Divine Providence, we can expect a have John's vision of the future in wild, glorious future far the Catholic Church not extravagant colors "splashed on a ten league Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, earlier today only in Ukraine, but in every country where canvas with brushes of camel's hair"-his I addressed the House, describing legis faithful Ukraillian Catholics have made their vision of a new heaven and a new earth. lation which I have introduced, along home." We may wonder how one on a lonely sand with 16 cosponsors, to prohibit the De island could imagine that God was making all things new. Christians were savagely per partment of Defense from using its pro THE POSSIDILITY OF RENEWAL secuted, Rome was well on her way to decline, curement policy to combat the lettuce Greek culture was almost forgotten. It seems boycott organized by Cesar Chavez and to me that John could make such a tremen the United Farm Workers Organizing HON. BILL D. BURLISON dous assertion only because he himself had Committee. As it did in the case of the OF MISSOURI been made new. He and a relatively small grape boycott, the Pentagon has in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES group had experienced the reality of God. creased sharply its purchases of boy The same bodies--the same passions. imper Friday, January 22, 1971 cotted lettuce, thus violating its own rule fections, but they had a new outlook, a new requiring impartiality in a labor dispute. Mr. BURLISON of Missourt. Mr. attitude toward all people, a new spirit, a new Speaker, my very good and personal incentive, new priorities, new values. A column by Frank Mankiewicz and Do you suppose its possible for our lives Tom Braden, entitled "Pentagon Versus friend, the Reverend Robert L. Burke, to be made new? Common sense dictates Chavez," which appeared in the Janu who is pastor of the Wyatt and Bertrand "For me, I'm too old to change--too set in ary 5, 1971, edition of the New York Post, United Methodist Churches of Missis my ways. And I'm not sure I want to change." describes the activities of the Defense sippi County in my district, recently de And I agree that there are times in our lives when the possibility of renewal seems re Department in undermining the efforts livered a New Year's message for 1971 of Cesar Chavez to organize the lettuce which I feel is quite extraordinary. It is mote if not impossible. Let me suggest. my desire to share his remarks with the 1. If we begin with the conviction that workers. I urge my colleagues to read it Members of the Congress: there is no hope for you or your world then and support my legislation. there will be none. Not that our lives are I also include in the RECORD an edi THE PossmiLITY OF RENEWAL all vile and base and mean, dirty and god torial from the January 8, 1971, issue of No simple action is more fraught with less but that there's enough of that in them the New York Post, entitled "The Penta possiblllty for opening new vistas than the of selfish pride and greed and unccmcern that tearing off of the last sheet of the old calen every one needs to cry with St. Paul gon Versus Cesar Chavez''; and an edi dar. It's not as if it were any other month "Wretched man that I am, who will deliver torial broadcast on January 18-19, 1971, ended. It's the end of a line; it's returning to me?" If Miss Sullivan had given up in hope by radio station WMCA, in New York the head after having served the entire lessness Helen Keller would never have lived. City, entitled "Lettuce and the Penta route. Had Gandhi said, "There's no possibility of gon." The items follow: Revelation 21: I heard a loud voice speak freedom in a country so vast and so illit PENTAGON VERSUS CHAVEZ ing from the throne: "Now God's home is erate," India would never have known the with men! He will live with them, and they freedom of Gandhi's India. (By Frank Manklewicz and Tom Braden) shall be his people. God hiinself will be with Renewal is a possibility only if we believe WASHINGTON .-AS if Defense Secretary them, and he will be their God ... The old it. If it happened to Jon tand James and Laird didn't have enough trouble, some of things have disappeared". And the one who Peter and Paul and ) it can hap his subordinates are now using the Defense sits on the throne said, "And now I make pen to me. Dept. to break the most honest union in the all things new." 2. If you think you can do it by yourself, nat ion. New Year's celebrations in our society you're lost. If you have no will, no desire to In the valleys of Oallfornla, from Salinas give testimony to the desire to leave our change, you won't. If you think you can do to Coachella, where migrant farm workers "low-vaulted past." A favorite theme of liter it on your own, you can't. Paradoxical? Yes. pick lettuce at this season of the year and ature has sounded the note of putting off the The alcoholic is helped when he admits he try to scratch a little dignity from an aver old, putting on the new: needs help. Come 0 Christ, and make me new age annual income of $1,900 and a system and whole. which gives them none of the legal protec (By Alfred Tennyson) No one man drove back the dark of the tion other workers have enjoyed 'for 35 years, Ring out, wild bells, to the wild sky, Middle Ages and brought the light of the the Pentagon has assumed, once again, the The flying cloud, the frosty light; Renaissance. It was the coming of the dawn role of strike breaker. The year is dying in the night; that brought men to light. Like the life in "Once again," because in the years before Ring out, wild bells, and let him die. the flower bulb, we can grow, can be renewed, Cesar Chavez' United Farm Workers Organiz no matter how old, how stuffy, how bat ing Committee used the strike and a national Ring out the old, ring in the new, consumer 'boycotJt to get a contract from the Ring, happy bells, across the snow; tered by life--we can have a new spirit when something comes to us to which we respond. grape growers the Pentagon buyers went into The year is going, let him go; Like the life in the bulb, we cannot do it the market and more than tripled its pur Ring out the false, ring in the true. ourselves. It is done to us. We must will it, chase of grapes, in an obvious attempt to use "Behold! I make all things new". Before be acceptable, keep the door open. Unreali taxpayers' money to break the strike and the us like the calm ocean depicted by James ties must be discarded. Welcome every breath union. January 22, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 235 Now, when the commodity in question is For one thing, it is charged that the mili for a study of the "drinking problem" of peo lettuce, the Defense Dept. is at it again. tary has doubled purchases of lettuce from ple who drink too much-alcoholics. First-quarter figures show that since the the grower-whose field workers were once Twenty-six million people on Social Secu major strike and boycott began against Bud "organ:.ized" by the Teamsters. For another, rity have "eating problems". But in Washing Antle Inc., a major California lettuce grower the union alleges that growers who have ton they shove Social Security legislation to afilliated with Dow Chemical, the Defense signed contracts with it have suddenly lost the very bottom and leave it there. Dept. has increased Antle's share of the let substantial business with the Dept. of De Come Nov. 1972 Social Security recip tuce market from less than 10 per cent to fense. Since it was only a year ago last sum ients could use a ballot as a broom to sweep nearly 30 per cent. mer that the Pentagon was making huge the halls of Congress clean. The Antle figures are instructive and show purchases of table grapes amid another boy Today in the Valley of the Sun the early clearly that Antle has become the chosen cott led by Chavez, the situation is strongly morning temp. was 19°-almost a record. instrument of some Pentagon officials in suspicious. Does the government have any However, I learned that back in 1913 it went breaking the strikes. In the three months plausible explanation? down to 13°. ending Sept. 30, 1970 (later figures are not I am sending copies of this article to my yet available), Pentagon buyers paid $750,000 LETTUCE AND THE PENTAGON Ariz. Congressmen. to Antle for lettuce, more than in the previ A couple of years ago, when Cesar Chavez ous 12 months. and his farm workers organized a boycott What is more, Antle is receiving-from of table grapes, the Pentagon suddenly de presumably sharp-eyed military buyers--a cided it needed more grapes to send to the A GIANT SCIENTIFIC STEP FOR price not only above the market price, but troops in Vietnam. Eventually the exploited also above what the Pentagon is paying other workers' boycott was successful. It might MANKIND lettuce producers. The price leverage is more have been succ~sful a lot sooner if the than welcome to Antle, which is dumping Pentagon hadn't been helping the other side. its boycotted lettuce-as the boycott begins Now history seems to be repeating itself. HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE to work-elsewhere at lower prices. This time the boycott is against lettuce OF TEXAS The muscle in this military buying be especially lettuce grown by a subsidiary Off IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES comes even more apparent when one com Dow Chemica.!. The Pentagon admits this Friday, January 22, 1971 pares lettuce sales of Inter Harvest, a United grower's share of defense purchases has Fruit Co. afilliate which has signed a contract nearly doubled over the last year. It also Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, with the Farm Workers' Union. Inter Har admits it paid more for lettuce from this Fanfare, a house organ of Fansteel, Inc., vest has experienced a sharp drop in m111tary grower than from others. recently outlined the important gains to sales, even as Antle has been soaring. The Defense Department says it has a In Denver, for example, Pentagon produce policy of complete impartiality in labor dis our Nation contributed by our national buyers now buy exclusively from Mile-High putes. Maybe that's not such a bad policy space program over the past decade. Mr. Produce, the only wholesaler in the area in theory. But it is a bad policy if it means Robert H. Ford, president of Fansteel, which handles Antle lettuce. in practice that when Cesar Ohavez strikes Inc., forwarded me a copy of this article. These apparently calculated efforts within a produce grower, that grower gets a bigger It cites the many contributions of the the Defense Dept., began almost as soon as share of the defense market. And that's space program to all walks o.f American the strike began. As soon as the grape grow certainly how it looks in this case, isn't it? life, and points out that adequate sup ers signed a contract with the union, Chavez turned toward the lettuce field. port for our national space program is Within a few days, many of the lettuce essential if our Nation is to continue to growers had signed "sweetheart" contracts SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFIT IN improve its standard of living. Because with--of all people-the Teamsters Union, in CREASE NEEDED NOW of the significance of this article, I am most cases without any request from the including it in the RECORD and commend Teamsters and in all cases without any con it to my colleagues and the public: sultation or votes by the farm workers. Thus HON. FRED SCHWENGEL thousands of lettuce pickers found them A GIANT SCIENTIFIC STEP FOR MANKIND selves tied to a Teamster contract, complete OF IOWA A transducer is being used in the fitting with dues checked off, in some cases at the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of artificial limbs. It is smaller than a dime old rate and in no event at more than a 5- Friday, Jt;Lnuary 22, 1971 and weighs less than an ounce. A patient has cent an hour raise. an EKG taken while in an ambulance The response of the workers was to strike; Mr. SCHWENGEL. Mr. Speaker, yes through the use of a spray-on electrode and the response of Cezar Chavez was to call for terday, I took the floor to discuss the transmitted by radio-telemetry direct to the a boycott of those lettuce growers who would need for immediate action to increase physician who will handle the case. A sen not respect the wishes of the workers; and social security benefits by 10 percent. As sor smaller than the head of a pin is inserted the response of the growers, led by Antle, was into a patient's vein to measure blood pres to get an injunction. They found a local I indicated yesterday, ~ intend to take sure. An Atlantic hurricane is forming hun judge who would order Chavez to jail until the floor daily until the increase is en dreds of miles from the Florida coast, but the he publicly called off the boycott--since re acted into law. citizens are warned in time and, while there versed by the California Supreme Court. The enclosed letter which I recently is property damage, there is no loss of life. The same judge as a law enforcement offi received from a former employee, cer The Olympics in Tokyo, Japan are shown live cial 30 years ago had deputized every white tainly puts the need for an increase in on TV as they happen. What do all these adult male to arrest the participants in an social security benefits in perspective: events have in common? They are all devel earlier organizing drive. PHOENIX, ARIZ. opments resulting from our American space The scene was graphically described by January 7,1971. program. John Steinbeck in his novel "In Dubious Hello. The Schwengel Family: And these are only a few of the technolog Battle": "A Communist, mister, is any son Hope you had a nice Xmas and enjoyable ical spin-offs from NASA's Apollo and other of-a-bitch who wants 35 cents an hour when holiday season. space programB. The new jumbo jets that I'm paying a quarter." In today's more civi In todays paper, that is, the eve. Phoenix Will soon be the mainstay of passenger trans lized times, Melvin Laird ought to find out Gazette, under the title letters to the Edi portation in the world are the result of why the Defense Dept. is carrying on the tor is the following Quote": "know-how" developed from space program tradition. "When the 91st Congress adjourns Sen. projects by Boeing, McDonnell-Douglas and Gaylord Nelson's parting remarks was:-"Our Lockheed. In another area not related to aer THE PENTAGON VERSUS CESAR CHAVEZ position (on SST) very likely will be much ospace, the Chrysler Corporation in order to Interdepartmental competition is not un stronger in March than it is now." meet new Clean Air Act criteria, reworked common in Washington, but a newly re As a Social Security recipient, I only hope their automobile ignition systems, designing ported example invites special attention. It that the other people on Social Security (26 distributors to operate within much closer suggests that the Dept. of Defense is vying million of them) will have a clear mind and limits. To assist in this they called on their with the Dept. of Agriculture in furnishing a good memory in November 1972 and be own personnel who had developed the auto lavish subsidies to opulent farm interests. ready to clean out the stubborn knotheads mated checkout and launch sequence equip The detailed specifications are listed in a (self-centered knotheads) who have in ment for the Saturn launch vehicle. suit :filed in federal court in Los Angeles by trenched thereselves on "Smoky Hill". It Space astronomy has been another devel· the United Farm Workers Organizing Com took only 20 minutes to vote a 40 % increase opment. Satellites provide the means for mittee ( AFL-CIO) against the Pentagon and in pay for themselves on "Smokey Hill" and making observations in the radio, infrared, a major California lettuce grower. Accord the other day they voted a $255 million ultraviolet, x-ray, and gamma-ray wave ing to UFWOC, headed by Cesar Chavez, the "loan"? to Cambodia. What kind of a bank lengths that cannot penetrate the earth's nationwide boycott aimed at organizing let or lending firm would make a "loan" with the atmosphere to the ground. And space photog tuce workers is being undercut by the kind of collateral the Cambodians have? raphy enables us to view the entire earth as government. Also, they voted (or set aside) $39 million never before, permitting study of its atmos- 236 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1971 phere in detail, to search for new resources, technical enterprises and meeting difficult commit the spending of more than $80 to monitor water resources, agricultural ac performance goals on schedule and within million over the next 6 years to combat tivity and forest growth, to explore the budget. We said we would put a man on the moon in 8 years, and we did. We said it would pollution of lakes, waters, and streams. oceans and assist in large scale civil engineer Oil spillages into the Schuylkill River ing. cost $20 billion and it looks like it will cost Space geodesy has shown us the true shape $24 billion, which, allowing for inflation. is above Philadelphia did not contaminate of our planet--where it flattens and how more "on target" than 99% of all other gov Philadelphia's water but emphasized the much it bulges. As a result we are better able ernment programs. need for the city to remain constantly to map the earth and navigate. And we know Our space effort over the decade has cost alert. now that the atmopshere of the earth has this country less than one-half of one per Rat control: With the aid of Federal an upper boundary and that the earth's cent of our gross national product, and in funds, Philadelphia made real inroads magnetic field in space is not like that of return irt has made a major contribution to a simple bar magnet extending indefinitely the growth of our GNP from $440 billion in into its rat problem in the second year outward, but is instead very complicated. 1958 to $900 billion in 1969. of operations and was recognized by the Some of the benefits of space science have World War II resulted in major scientific U.S. Public Health Service as the No. 1 come from associated or preparatory work and technological breakthroughs-radar and city in this field. Some 200 workers made done in the laboratory. C. B . Cone, Jr., when electronics to mention two major areas-but 165,000 treatments of rat-infested studying radiation effects on cells in order to with the tragedy of millions of lives lost and premises. understand possible space radiation effects destruction of cities and billions of dollars o:l! Public health: A mayor's committee property. The scientific fall-out of the space on astronauts, made discoveries in the elec on hospital services recommended a radi trical voltage across the surface membrane program has been equally productive at a of a normal cell that controls cell division. fmction of the dollar cost and without the cal shift in provision of health care, and This new cell division information has loss of life. The space program is, therefore, detailed studies were initiated. District opened up a new avenue for possible chemical a moral substitute for war and international health centers in two heavily populated control of cancer. competition-that works! areas began operating as comprehensive Dr. Fernandex-Moran, working on cell family care centers, and 140,000 children structure for NASA, needed an electron received free german measles inocula microscope with requirements beyond the tions. range of commercially available electron PHILADELPHIA'S ACCOMPLISH Clean streets: At a coot of $3.5 million, microscopes. He therefore proceeded to build MENTS the world's most powerful instrument of its the city replaced half of its 500 trash class capable of magnifying objects 20 mil collection vehicles in a move toward more lion times. To prepare specimens to the HON. JOSHUA EILBERG effective street-cleaning operations. Philadelphia also won the Trigg Trophy, same scale, a diamond knife was invented by OF PENNSYLVANIA Dr. Fernandez-Maran that can dissect away awarded by the National Clean Up, Paint portions of a molecule or cut a hair into IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Up, Fix Up Bureau, for the third time. 10,000 length-wise strips. Friday, January 22, 1971 Abandoned cars: The police tow squad In the field of meteorology, the contribu tions of the space program have been tre Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, despite removed approximately 25,000 derelict mendous. They include: sounding rockets to a continuing financial crisis, Philadel vehicles from the streets of Philadelphia, take vertical profiles of the atmosphere from phia in 1970 gained nationwide recogni roughly 2 percent over the 1969 total. surface to space; satellites to provide con tion for numerous public service im Transportation: Continued success of tinous watch of the earth's moving cloud provements and was rated "first" in a the Lindenwold line, bringing south cover; solar observation satellites to monitor Jersey suburbs within 22 minutes of the sun's cycle of activities; satellites to number of fields. Mayor James H. J. Tate declared: Philadelphia, emphasized the need for track storms, measure winds, record the new concepts to solve the area's mass temperature at different heights, and report The financial problems of Philadelphia and on the moisture content of the atmosphere; the other cities is a reflection of the total transit problem. Construction of the ground and airborne radar and lasers to inflation problem throughout America, and South Broad Street subway extension probe weather conditions from below; com most cities are now going through the same progressed but insufficient funds necessi puter systems, mathematical models and experience as we are. tated deferment of the northeast exten software programs that can receive and I have discussed this at length with the sion. analyze vast amounts of global data from mayors of other cities and this has been a Philadelphia International Airport: many sources to make possible more accurate matter of much consideration at meetings of The Delaware Valley's major aviation forecasting, and data transmission systems the United States Conference of Mayors and the National League of Cities. center began to take concrete form with to link together the various parts into one completion of the first phase of the city's global meteorological network. In spite of this handicap, however, Since 1966, U.S. weather satellites have biggest public works project, involving watched every major storm threatening the Philadelphia's list of accomplishments the investment of hundreds of millions nation. In 1969, for example, 12 Atlantic in 1970 was "impressive," Mayor Tate of dollars. New passenger, vehicle, and hurricanes, 10 eastern Pacific hurricanes, said. Among them: cargo facilities will transform the airport "S.nd 17 western Pacific typhoons were identi Traffic safety: Statistics compiled by into a facility serving the entire eastern fied and tracked by satellites. And it is the National Safety Council show that seaboard. estimated that 50,000 lives were saved in Philadelphia has reduced traffic fatali Ports of Philadelphia: Expansion of hurricane Camille because of advance warn ties by as much as 30 or 35 percent and the Packer Avenue Marine Terminal, and ing from weather satellites. has the lowest traffic fatality rate of all The fantastic growth of the telecom inauguration of the Tioga Marine Ter munications industry in the last decade from major cities. minal, made possible the rapid shipment $22 billion per year in 1960 to over $47 bil Fire protection: For the 13th year, of goods by modern cargo-handling lion in 1970 owes a good part of its expansion Philadelphia was selected by the Na methods to help Philadelphia retain its to the communications satellite-a space pro tional Fire Protection Association as the position as the Nation's foremost center gram development. We are in the midst of a leading city in advancing the protection for international trade. global communications explosion. The com of lives and property from fire. Highways: Firm decisions were made munications satellite can supplement cable, Safety in the streets: Statistics com to replace the Crosstown Expressway radio, or microwave links where they exist, piled by the Federal Bureau of Investi can provide their equivalent where they do with an alternate route and eliminate not, and can literally interconnect every part gation show that Philadelphia again had the cover over a portion of the Dela of the world. the lowest crime rate of the Nation's 10 ware Expressway, thus clearing the way The list of technological fallout from the largest cities and the highest rate of for completion of this segment of I-95 space program could go on and on; it in crime clearances by arrest. by 1976. The Pennsylvania Department cludes new testing techniques, new metals, Air pollution: Significant progress of Transportation began widening im heat sensors, reflective superinsulation, new was made in 1970 in meaningful enforce portant sections of the Schuylkill Ex machining devices, digital image processing, ment of Philadelphia's air management pressway. new plastic, fireproof material and safety de code, and the city installed the most vices for automobiles. Bicentennial: After years of plan And in addition to all the technical de modern air monitoring system in the ning, Philadelphia was officially desig velopments, another important kind o! Nation to provide an instantaneous check nated the focal point for the Nation's achievement from the space program is the on air pollution conditions. bicentennial in 1976. The city began tak demonstrated national capacity to organize Water pollution: Philadelphia mapped ing a new look at initial proposals and and manage very large, long-term, global a comprehensive program which will a steering committee was given the January 22, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 237 task of reorganizing the Bicentennial of a. statement by Presidential Counselor GNP AS AN INSTANTANEOUS RATE Daniel Moynihan in his f arewell speech to As most of you know, we celebrated the Corporation, hopefully putting the city the Cabinet and Sub-Cabinet in December. crossing of the trillion-dollar mark at the in a position to commence construction He said that we should resist the temptation Department of Commerce on December 15. in 18 months. to seek simplistic solutions in a complex and we have been asked why we chose this New construction: Construction began world, and that we should not hesitate to date for the ceremony when GNP for the of two major projects, the 1500 Market become complexifiers. quarter is below a trillion dollars. My an Street office buildings and an apartment Thus, the real question is not the simple swer may be put in the class with the com at 1500 Locust Street, completing a record one of whether we will see substantial eco plexifiers, but I believe that it can be under nomic growth during a st rike-recovery pe stood by those who will take a moment to year in which some $300 million of build riod, but whether growth will cont inue think about it. The difference between the ing permits was issued. New construction through the year. There are some very strong two numbers is somewhat like the difference on practically every corner of center underlying forces in the economy, and I'm between the average rate of speed of an auto city completely altered the city's tradi optimistic about economic prospects for mobile on a long trip and the peak rate of tional skyline. At year's end a further 1971. In a few moments, I'd like to give you speed of the same automobile. boost came with announcement of plans some reasons for my optimism. Economists usually think of GNP as a rate for a $40 million hotel and apartment There were two major economic transitions of production, but it is almost always ex development facing Logan Circle. in the past year: the removal of the war in pressed as the amount of production per Vietnam as a predominant influence on the year just as the speed of a car is expressed Urban renewal: Vigorous efforts were economy, and the reduct ion of the pressures as miles per hour. Thus, the rate of GNP at being maintained to get further Federal which had been generating inflation in the any given time indicates how much could be help for urban development in the city's late 1980's. Both of these transitions involved produced if the rate were sustained for a neighborhoods, with specific results an increased unemployment. That is the un year. ticipated. fortunate but necessary temporary cost of The Office of Business Economics regularly Looking ahead into 1971, Mayor Tate achieving our basic goals of a lasting peace publishes GNP for an entire year and for concluded- and a sound prosperity. quarters at an annual rate. Sometime in 1971 The prime goal of economic policy in 1970 OBE will begin publishing GNP on a monthly Finally, we can look forward to inaugu was to break the stranglehold of severe in basis at an annual rate. rating the finest multi-purpose stadium in flation without bringing on a serious reces We can also think of GNP as a daily. the entire country when the Phillies take sion. In general, this goal was met, although hourly or instantaneous rate of production. the field in their opening game of the 1971 a prolonged automobile strike put a crimp all expressed in terms of annual rates. Looked season early in April. in product ion in the last half of the year at this way, GNP for a year is the average of and caused the economy to fall short of our the instantaneous rates of production during hopes and expectations. the year. Or GNP for a quarter of the average During 1970 business activity declined and of the instantaneous rates of production dur THE NATION'S ECONOMY unemployment increased, but for the year ing the quarter. as a whole, unemployment averaged less Had there been no auto strike, GNP in the than in the peacetime years of the 1960's. The third quarter would have been about $997.5 HON. BARBER B. CONABLE, JR. average for 1970 was 4.9 percent compared billion. That was the mid-quarter rate. As a. OF NEW YORK to a range of 5.2 to 6.7 percent for the years result of the strike, GNP suddenly dropped IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1961 through 1964. on September 15 and remained depressed As a result of the economic slowdown, ex until the end of November when the st rikers Friday, January 22, 1971 cessive demand was eliminat ed and the fun began to return to work. For two or three Mr. CONABLE. Mr. Speaker, many damental source of inflationary pressure was weeks, as General Motors returned to full eliminated from the economy. A modest but production, the inst antaneous rate of GNP alarms continue to be sounded about sign ificant start was made in slowing the increased rapidly. our national economy, but Dr. Harold C. rate of price advance. Inflation has not yet According to our calculation, GNP passed Passer, Assistant Secretary of Commerce been curbed, but progress in that direction through the trillion-dollar mark on Decem for Economic Affairs, believes the alarms has been achieved and efforts are continuing. ber 15 and has continued to increase since are being rung too long. He contends GNP IN 1970: IMPACT OF AUTO STRIKE then. For the fourth quarter as a whole, how ever, GNP was below $1 trillion because it there are many indications of sound re Preliminary data on Gross National Prod covery and improvement which deserves was below the trillion-dollar rate for two and ucts in 1970 will be released by the Office of one-half months of the quarter and above recognition. Business Economics of the Department of that rate for only half a month. The first In a recent address he examined the Commerce within a few days. These data will time GNP will be above $1 trillion for a full importance of passing the trillion dollar indicate a GNP for 1970 of between $975 and quarter will be the current quarter. On an rate in gross national product and of the $980 billion, measured in current dollars, and annual basis, the first year to be above $1 spreading impact of the administration's a GNP in real terms that is slightly less than trillion will be the current year. in 1969. In short, GNP in 1970 increased aggregate economic policies which are slightly less than 5 percent in current dol THE GNP CLOCK changing the entire economic environ lars, but the GNP deflator increased slightly Thus, you must use the instantaneous rate ment for prices and wages, production more than 5 percent so that Real GNP de of GNP if you want to find the approximate and markets. Dr. Passer reminds those clined slightly. day on which the economy reached $1 tril who remain eager to criticize the eco These data will also indicate that the auto lion. On December 15 we unveiled a new nomic results of the last year that the strike had a significant impact on GNP in GNP Clock, which shows the instantaneous slowdown was the product of two major the fourth quarter of 1970. The fourth quar rate of GNP, and President Nixon, Secretary battles--to gain control of inflation and ter decline was enough to drag down Real Stans and Chairman Paul McCracken of the GNP for the entire year so that it showed Council of Economic Advisers participated to wind down the influence of Vietnam the first year-to-year decline since 1958. Ex in the ceremony. war production in the economy. The cept for the auto strike, Real GNP in 1970 We certainly accomplished our objective coming year should be a period of re would have shown a slight increase instead of calling attention to this Nation's produc newal, Dr. Passer maintains: of renewed of a slight decline. Fundamentally-with or tive-power. The Clock has stimulated a con economic growth and strength and re without an auto strike-real output in 1970 siderable amount of commentary in the press. newed faith in our economic future. was unchanged for the year as a whole. I would like to mention very briefly some of I insert Dr. Passer's remarks in the As we noted earlier, the economic slow the points that have been raised. Some observers have wondered why we RECORD so that all my colleagues may down of 1970 was the joint product of the battle against inflation and the transition had our ceremony on December 15, just be consider them: toward a peacetime economy. It is also inter fore the issuance of strike-depressed data THE U.S. ECONOMY-WHERE WE ARE AND esting to note that if defense expenditures relating to November and also shortly before WHERE WE ARE HEADED are excluded, Real GNP increased in 1970. release of such data as Real GNP for the This may be one of those times when it Had there been no auto strike, GNP in fourth quarter and for the year 1970, all of is safe to forecast a dramatic, immediate im the third quarter would have been $2 billion which have or will show declines. provement in the Nation's economic per higher ($987.5 billion instead of $985.5 bil I have already discussed why the cere formance. We are in a recovery period from lion) and GNP in the fourth quarter would mony was held on December 15: our calcu an automobile strike, and other conditions have been well over the trillion-dollar mark lations indicated that December 15 was the seem ripe for strong growth and diminish for the fourth quarter as a whole-probably day the economy reached the trillion-dollar Ing inflation. in the neighborhood of $1,005 billion. This mark. It wss not dictated by political con I am tempted to dwell on how much Gross would have meant a GNP for the year of siderations; I don't know what possible politi National Product is likely to increase in $980 billion, a figure within the range which cal advantage could be garnered by holding the first quarter because a strong gain is was forecast last February by the Council of the ceremony on December 15 rather than almost a. certainty, but I a.m also reminded Economic Advisers. on some other day. 238 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Janua1~ y 22, 1971 The main point is that in the ceremony economic and demographic statistics issued GOAL FOR 1971: REDUCE UNEMPLOYMENT we were talking about the inst antaneous rate by the Federal Government are prepared by Although 1970 finished strongly, with rec of GNP on December 15 whereas all other career civil servants and are released by civil ord Christmas sales, I think that there is data being reported 1 t that time, such as servants (not political appointees) according to pre-announced schedules. Neither the data general agreement that there was too much industrial production, referred of necessity to unemployment and too much inflation and earlier time intervals. The trillion-dollar fig~ nor their times of release are subject to any manipulation or political influence whatso that we need progress in these two areas ure shown on our GNP Clock was an indi in 1971. cator of business activity after General ever. As you may recall, one of President Nixon's To reduce unemployment, we must, of Motors had returned to full production (or course, have a rising economy in 1971. I am nearly so) . Data for November reflect the goals on taking office was to restore the credi bility of the American people in their na convinced that the business slowdown ended aut o strike and even December data are not about mid-1970 and that economic growth quite normal because during the first half tional government. He, therefore, issued a directive in his first weeks in office, on Feb got underway again in the third quarter. of the month, the strike effects were still ruary 8, 1969, which required the non-politi Both fiscal and monetary policy turned stim d ominant . cal handling of statistics. ulative early last year, and the results were There were also questions raised about the There is a clear-cut distinction between the first felt in the summer months. The auto influence of inflation on the GNP numbers. issuance of econoinic data on a monthly or strike, however, stalled the economy for The answer to these questions are to be quarterly basis by professional economists nearly three months. With that episode be found in the speeches that day by President and statisticians who are career civil serv hind us, we can expect the effects of the 1970 Nixon and Secretary Stans. Both stressed ants, and the econoinic interpretations issued monetary and fiscal policy changes to be re that we were marking a long-term accom by Presidential appointees and other repre flect ed in the economy in 1971. plishment--that is, the cumulative achieve sentatives of the Administration. After the November election, there was ex ment of decades--even centuries--of effort to Let's use housing statistics as an example. tensive discussion of whetber the Adminis increase economic out put and our economic Last spring, the Bureau of the Census issued tration's economic policies would change and well-being. It was a true milestone that we statistics on housing starts and permits in if so, how much and in wilat direction. I attained and the comparison was not with the same way that it has issued them for should like to emphasize that the "game last month or last quarter or even last year, a number of years-on a regular, monthly plan" all along has called for stimulative but with decades or centuries ago. basis and without comment on the likely economic policies to bring about a rising With 10 percent of the population of the trend in the future. I concluded, however, economy after mid-1970. The exact nature Free World, the United States produces about that housing had passed its low point and of these stimulative policies is subject to 45 percent of the Free World's output of that the homebuilding industry was headed for a resurgence of activity. I issued a public mid-course corrections, but the basic plan is goods and services. Data on the Commu statement to this effect, and I can happily unchanged. nist count ries are not complete enough to report that my interpretation proved to be It is important to understand this aspect include them in this comparison, but it is correct; in fact, housing activity increased of the "game plan", because some observers significant that et the very time that we throughout 1970 and seems to be headed in have incorrectly concluded that because ag celebrated the trillion-dollar economy here 1971 for its best year since 1950. g7egate economic policies are now expansion in the U.S., workers in Poland were rioting In case you think that I am immodest, I ary, the battle against inflation has been because of food shortages. should also mention that I foree:::.w a strong abandoned. The fact is, however, that even In this talk at the GNP Clock ceremony, upturn in the economy in the last half of though the direction of the economy is now President Nixon also emphasized that the 1970-and, of course, the a\.1. ~ strike punc upward, further progress will be achieved in tremendous productive power of the Ameri tured that forecast. the battle against inflation because of the can economy, as indicated by a GNP of a tril My point is that ~conomists of all political existing slack in the economy. This slack is llon dollars, is what will make it possible for persuasions are free to comment on Govern the result of opening a gap between actual us to solve problems that face us in educa ment economic data-but t he preparation of and potential output. The level of economic tion, housing, health, and other areas. As he those data and their release accordiDg to pre activity relative to potential output is more said, laws merely set minimum standards m announced schedules has quite properly been important in the fight against inflation than these areas and are of little or no value un lP-ft to career civil servants. tile direction of economic activity. less the economy has the productive power CHRISTMAS SALES IN 19 7 0 INCOMES POLICY to meet them-which ours has. During hts speech at the trillion-doller Also unchanged is another aspect of the THE GNP CLOCK AS AN EDUCATION DEVICE ceremony, President Nixon made a passing strategy, one that has generated more than It is unfortunate that the publicity about reference to the Christmas selling season the usual amount of speculation and con the trillion-dollar economy has glossed over and expressed the hope that it would be troversy. I speak, of course, of "incomes the value of the Clock as an educational the biggest ever. Later, he asked Secretary policy." device. Part of the machine is called the Stans to check with leading retailers on how Chairman Arthur Burns, of the Federal "Econo-Quiz." well Christmas sales were going. Reserve Board, spoke on this point in Los As you know, for some years a Census Two days afterward, Secretary Stans re Angeles on December 7. His remarks have Clock has been in the Commerce Lobby. This ported to President Nixon that Christmas rightfully received much attention for they shows the total population as resulting from sales were running at 2. brisk pace, would represented a significant statement. What the interaction of the birth rat e, the death finish strong, and would set a new record. has been generally overlooked in his remarks rate, and the rates of immigration and emi This report was somewhat contrary to the is the following passage: gration. A visitor who studies the Census "Blue Christmas" expectations so common "The essence of incomes policies is that Clock, as many do, thus learns something at that time. they are market-oriented; in other words, about how our populat ion grows. We now have the weekly retail sales data their aim is to change the structure and Similarly, we have provided material for for the Christmas season, as issued by the functioning of commodity and labor markets study at the GNP Clock. One part of the Bureau of the Census. These data show that in ways that reduce pressures on costs and display lists 50 questions about the economy, retail sales, excluding automobiles, were 8 prices." including sensitive questions like, "Do we percent over a year ago in the four-week By this definition of incomes policy, the increase pollution as we increase GNP?" and period ending with Christmas week. Nixon Administration has been following an "Don't higher prices inflate GNP?" The an If we allow for the fact that prices of incomes policy from the beginning. In the swers to all of the questions can be obtained goods at retail are about 4 percent higher spring of 1969, a few months after taking by setting a dial and pushing a button. The than a year ago, the real gain in Christmas office, President Nixon ordered a special in answer is then displayed on a screen directly sales was about 4 percent. This was a marked vestigation of the soaring price of lumber, above the question panel. improvement over 1969, when the real vol which was exerting a strong inflationary Thus, the GNP Clock is intended to serve ume of Christmas sales was approximately force on the key housing sector. Steps were the general public, not professional econom unchanged from the previous year. The 1970 taken to increase the supply of lumber, steps ists. It is a serious attempt to show the ap gain was about equal to 1968 which was that coincided with the easing of demand proximate instantaneous rate of GNP and considered to be a strong year for Christmas pressures as housing starts began declining to increase understanding of the American sales. due to tighter money. As a result, the price economy. The reading on the Clock is not in Although the Bureau of the Census will of lumber stopped rising and began falling. any sense official nor a forecast of what OBE later have more complete and more final Copper and construction were the subjects will later publish. The GNP Clock is intended data on the Christmas season, these pre of similar investigations. In copper, the price to indicate only in an approximate way the liminary data incllcate that President Nix began declining shortly after the report ap current level of GNP and is not intended to on's hopes and Secretary Stans' predictions peared, in response to a better balance be display in those lighted numbers the exact were realized. It is also significant that, be tween supply and demand in world ma.rkets. and official level of GNP, which cannot be cause retailers in genera.l were cautious in In constru?-tion, some Government projects known until sometime after the close of their buying fOr the Christmas season, their were postponed, steps to reduce seasonality a post-Christmas inventories are on the low were initiated, and a number of steps were year or quarter. side. This suggests that they will be re taken to increase the supply of trained labor OBJECTIVITY IN ECONOMIC DATA ordering in good volume in the months and to study improvements in the structure Before I leave the subject of ofllcial sta ahead, thus giving support to the currently of collective bargaining. President Nixon·s tistics, I should like to emphasize that the rising trend of business activity. reference to possible reform of the- collective January 22, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 239 bargaining structure in construction in his tinuing advances in productivity-plus the On the first page under preclinical evalua December 4 speech was based on those stimulative policies that President Nixon has tion for safety, the impression is given that studies. promised. These forces are leading to a ris the Food and Drug Administration did not Incomes policy is sometimes interpreted to ing volume of residential construction, a feel that DMSO was safe for clinical testing. mean informal or formal pressures on busi faster growth in State and local government This was, of course, not a fact. The Food nessmen or union leaders to follow certain expenditures and, most important, a signifi and Drug Administration did permit clin guidelines. The difficulty with this approach cant advance in consumer spending during ical testing with DMSO when applied to the can be simply stated: It doesn't work. Any the year ahead. Business investment and skin. They did preclude the use of DMSO by one who doubts this should examine the Federal Government spending will increase, other routes such as intravenous, oral or Canadian experience, where guidelines were but to a lesser extent. On balance, inven direct instillation into the bladder. So the tried for a year but then abandoned, or the tories are expected to increase in line with verbage is unclear and it is obviously con experience of many other countries, includ sales; the pattern through the year, however, fusing to the lay reader. What they are say ing our own in the mid-sixties. It is clear, will be dominated by the special situations ing in that paragraph is that they did ap for example, that President Johnson aban in autos and steel, where inventory building prove it for application to the skin and that doned guidelines not because he didn't be will be concentrated in the first half. topical application at that time was per lieve in them but because they were swept As Secretary Stans said in his year-end fectly legal. away by inflation. It is also interesting to statement, the brighter prospects in sight On page 2 in the first paragraph, the White note that the November inflation report of for the coming year suggest that 1971 Will Paper goes into a great deal of discussion the staff of the Organization for Economic be known as the year of renewal. Renewed concerning animal toxicity. This paragraph Cooperation and Development did not call growth in economic activity is already un contains several errors. In the last sentence for such guidelines as past reports had done. derway, and a slower rate of inflation will the statement is made that in all animals The reason undoubtedly is that they have renew the faith of all Americans that their corneal and lenticular changes in the eyes been proved unworkable. economy can and will move toward an essen were observed. Actually, no corneal changes From the beginning, the Nixon Adminis tially noninflationary growth path. have been observed and the lenticular tration has battled inflation with aggregate changes have not been shown to occur in all economic policies, which are intended to species studied. The point concerning prox change the economic environment in which imity to human dosage is misleading. The price and wage decision are made. Because DMSO fact is that the lowest dosage in which the this approach relies heavily on the market change has been recorded in the most sen mechanism, we can be expected to be con sitive animal is approximately 10 times the cerned anytime that a market does not work HON. WENDELL WYATT average human dose. COmpletely omitted properly and to take action to improve its from this paragraph is the fact that numer operation. OF OREGON erous studies show these changes do not This does not mean that every market that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES occur in man. is not operating with textbook perfection Friday, January 22, 1971 In discussing toxicity the White Paper will be entered and restructured by the Fed fails to point out that frequently toxicity in eral Government. But it does mean that Mr. WYATT. Mr. Speaker, in 1963 lower animals results with large dosages and markets that show themselves to be seriously DMSO--dimethyl sulfoxide-burst onto unusual methods of administration. This is and persistently out of joint will be subject the medical scene following experiments part of the conventional toxicity study of to investigation and appropriate action. by two Oregon physicians with the wood any drug. A drug is given until toxicity is As President Nixon said in his December derivative. It was promptly hailed as a produced to determine the margin of safety. 4 speech and as was said in the Second In This is unclear to the average lay reader who flation Alert, the evidence is now overwhelm wonder drug capable of a host of med reads this White Paper. ing that the labor market and collective ical uses. To me, however, the most important thing bargaining structure in construction are Perhaps the case for DMSO was over is that this so called "scientific" agency and working very badly. Wage increases have stated, perhaps not. We may never know its White Paper declared that the drug was been twice the rate of increase in manufac if the Food and Drug Administration unsafe for human use and yet we find on turing, despite a rate of unemployment in continues its arbitrary and highhanded page 9 they are able to conclude seven years construction that has climbed to almost policy in banning even the limited clin later that the drug is safe when used in twice the national average. Very long strikes ical testing of the drug. The official rea human beings in a dosage range of 1 gm/ kg -up to six mcnths and more--have shut of body weight. This would mean that at down construction in one metropolitan area son, I believe, is because of some eye least 70 m1 could be applied safely to the after another. This situation of skyrocketing changes observed in animals from mas average human being-far greater than the wage rates, rising unemployment, and severe sive topical application of the solution. ordinary human dosage which ranges from strike losses is in need of correct! ve action I plan to introduce legislation to re 4 to 12 ml per day. To apply 70 m1 to a human which, as President Nixon said, may be taken move the responsibility for the testing would necessitate almost total body applica by the Federal Government unless labor and and evaluation of new drugs from this tion. management can work t<>gether and adjust agency in the very near future. But the In the second paragraph on page 2 be to the economic realities. purpose of my remarks today is to have ginning with "concurrently the results of OUTLOOK FOR 1971 DMSO in testing in human beings were eval inserted in the RECORD a letter to me uated" the FDA makes the point that be Unquestionably, 1971 will be a better year from Dr. Edward E. Rosenbaum, of the cause of publicity in the lay press it was than 1970 and will see progress on the in University of Oregon Medical School. difficult to control clinical investigation and flation and unemployment fronts.! am con Dr. Rosenbaum, along with his colleague, over 100,000 patients were treated during fident, as are most economists, government Dr. Stanley Jacob, successfully experi 1964 and 1965. This is an amazing statement. and private, that at year-end 1971 the rate In a democracy all government officials and of inflation and the rate of unemployment mented with DMSO. which previously had been used as a powerful commercial all government agencies are subject to re will be less than at year-end 1970. view by the public. At a time in our society The short-term outlook for renewed eco solvent in the timber manufacturing when every move of even the President of the nomic growth is reinforced by the carryover industry. United States in time of war is subject to impact of the automobile strike. Now that Dr. Rosenbaum is commenting on a immediate reporting and analysis in the lay the auto industry is back in production and white paper issued by the FDA that de press, it is surprising that a government operating at full tilt to rebuild depleted in tails its reasoning in banning the testing agency would consider that the public does ventories, the major measures of economic of DMSO. I find it an excellent and com not have a right to know. This amounts to activity, which have been depressed by the prehensive analysis, one that points out censorship in its worst form. Completely strike, will soon point sharply upward. An ignored was the fact that among the 100,000 added lift to the economy wtll be provided the many inconsistencies of this agency patients tested clinically no serious toxic by the build-up of steel inventories in antici in its policy toward the drug. I commend ity was documented. pation of a possible strike in that kby .indus it to my colleagues for their careful In the second paragraph on page 3, the try on August 1. These tempor·ary bo~ts to perusal: point is made that the adverse effect o'f the economy wlll not reflect the underlying UNIVERSITY OF OREGON DMSO on the eyes of animals treated by trend of business during 1971-any more MEDICAL SCHOOL, cutaneous application was observed in Sep than the strike-related decline in activity January 5, 1971. tember of 1964, but was not reported im reflected the underlying trend in the fourth Representatives WENDELL WYATT, mediately to the Food and Drug Adminis quarter-but they will serve to dispel the Cannon Office Building, tration. Our information from Dr. Richard gloomy tone of business that has developed washington, D.C. Brobyn, Director Qf the Merck DMSO study in the past month or two. DEAR REPRESENTATIVE WYATT: I wanted to is that the FDA was notified, of these toxic Business eXJ}ansion in 1971 will develop give you my opinion on the "White Paper" changes by Merck in the spring of 1005. out of the fundamental growth tendencies issued by the Food and Drug Administra Nevertheless, FDA waited six months until that are always present in the United States tion. The paper is headed "Chron<>logy of N:ovember of 1965 to discontinue testing. I economy-a growing labor force and con- Dimethyl Sulfoxide". would suggest you check this information 240 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1971 with Dr. Brobyn. We have in our possession sicians were totally incompetent and, there The newspaper staff produced the eight a report prepared by Merck, Sharp and fore. their work was not valid from the sci page tabloid edition specifically for the Good Dohme marked NDA which was in the hands entific point of view, were all of these phy fellows in the six townships and two cities of clinical investigators from Merck in Sep sicians incompetent? Could not the Food and in which the Spinal Column is circulated. tember of 1965. It is inconceivable that Drug Administration have called in 1, 2, 3 It marked the first time the charity groups Merck had not submitted this report to the or 4 of these men whom they trusted and had received a special edition of its own Food and Drug Administration before sub respected and discussed with them whether from any area newspaper. There was no mitting it to investigators. If these eye prob or not the drug was efficacious? It is my per charge to the groups. lems were so serious why did the FDA wait sonal opinion that the reason FDA halted With orders for 11,000 of the supplements, so long? studies was the point that they made con the Spinal Column provided Goodfellow or On page 3, the FDA speaks of reactions cerning lay publicity, and difficulty in con ganizations in Commerce, Highland, Milford, observed in clinical testing of DMSO before trolling investigation once the public was Waterford, West Bloomfield and White Lake and after November 25, 1965. It is important aware of the drug. Perhaps they wanted to Townships as well as the Tri-City Fire De to point out that none of these so called re make an example of DMSO. This of course partment with free copies of the paper for actions were in the truly severe category and strengthens the contention that the agency sale. are not at all unusual in new drug testing. is more like a police body than a scientific The supplement carried no advertising. FDA also makes the statement that DMSO one and that no agency in government It was devoted totally to Christmas feature was discontinued by voluntary agreement of should be permitted to be policeman, judge material including special displays at Green all the sponsoring pharmaceutical firms. and jury. field Village and Oakland County's historic Syntex was not even present at the meeting. Sincerely, Moses Wisner Home as well as recipes, a list It may very well be that you could receive EDWARD E. ROSENBAUM, M.D., of charitable organizations selling Christmas verLfication of this from Dr. Gerhard Boost Associate Clinical Professor Medicine, cards and special features on the traditions of Syntex. Our information is that the so Acting Director, Department of Rheu of Christmas. called "voluntary agreement" was more arm matology. "Reaction from the local Goodfellow twisting by FDA. groups was unanimously positive," publisher The Food and Drug Administration states James W. Fancy indicated. "Every group ex it discontinued all testing because of "eye SPINAL COLUMN ceeded its determined goal. Giving the Good toxicity" although 100,000 patients were fellows a special edition provides them with under treatment at that time. It is interest a product more people are inclined to buy and ing to note that in 1970 they now admit that HON. JACK H. McDONALD read rather than two- or three-day-old over the drug is apparently safe for clinical use in OF MICHIGAN runs of other newspapers that are usually short term therapy. One may reasonably ask ignored," he added. why it took a scientific group five years to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Regular Wednesday editions of the Spinal determine this responsibility towards pa Friday, January 22, 1971 Column publicized the "first edition" tients. Dr. Brobyn has told us that Merck through a picture story of the Goodfellow offered to do an eye study on prisoners at Mr. McDONALD of Michigan. Mr. edition make-up. this point, but that the FDA refused to per Speaker, Christmas has come and gone, The newspaper will produce an expanded mit it. It would have also been a relatively but a recent article in the Publishers' version of the special edition next Christmas, simple procedure in 1965 to immediately dis Auxiliary brought to my attention all hoping to make it an annua.I event. continue widespread clinical testing except over again the depth of appreciation one More than 500 underprivileged west Oak in patients with serious diseases for which no human gets from helping another human land County families received food baskets, other treatment was available and to periodi canned goods and toys, largely as a result of cally examine the eyes of patients already being. the Goodfellow sale. treated. Here we had a built in clinical test, The Spinal Column, a tabloid published but the FDA refused to take any steps to in my district which serves several com prove or disprove a very important point:_ munities in Oakland County, Mich., was On page 4, FDA states that DMSO testing featured in the Auxiliary for its special A FEW KIND WORDS FOR THE was discontinued on November 25, 1965, but Christmas issue. they subsequently permitted resumption of COAST GUARD clinical testing in patients who had diseases The paper was not honored for some untreatable by other methods. The impor specific topographical achievement, or tant point here is, how long did it take after for its investigative reporting. It was HON. EDWARD A. GARMATZ discontinuation before they published this singled out as an example of public serv OF MARYLAND notice of resumption. Our information is ice by the Fourth Estate. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that it was December of 1966 or one year later The Spinal Column printed a special Friday, January 22, 1971 before seriously ill patients were again per Christmas edition, with features and mitted to be treated with DMSO. A possible stories about the holiday, and made them Mr. GARMATZ. Mr. Speaker, recently exception to this is that Dr. Scherbel might a resident of Coral Gables, Fla., Mr. Oscar have been given permission on his scleroder available at no charge to the Goodfellow ma group, but certainly no notice was pub organizations in Commerce, Highland, F. Miller, wrote of Capt. J. Carrington lished by FDA before December of 1966. Milford, Waterford, West Bloomfield, and Gramling, Jr., U.S. Coast Guard Reserve, At this point in time, we find that FDA White Lake Townships as well as the Tri retired, in Miami, defending the actions has turned down the Squibb application, City Fire Department. of the Coast Guard officers in the defec (see point 3, page 9) on the basis that ef Proceeds from the charitable sale then tion of the Lithuanian seaman who ficacy still has not been proved. In the letter went to fill Christmas baskets for the boarded the Coast Guard cutter Vigilant. accompanying the White Paper they admit underprivileged. Mr. Miller's views were brought to my that they have approved it as a prescription drug in veterinary medicine for use on This newspaper proved itself more attention and I think they will be of in horses. Why do they say that efficacy has not than adequate jn meeting its public terest to all Members, many of whom, I been proved when they themselves approved service responsibilities by making it pos am sure, received much mail on this it. They certainly are not loath to use toxicity sible for more than 500 families to have a matter. data from other species in man. pleasant holiday season. Therefore, I am inserting his statement This is a "scientific" agency staffed pre I am justifiably proud of t.he Spinal in the RECORD for your perusal: sumably by competent physicians. It would Column, and of its publisher, James W. MIAMI, FLORIDA, be easy for them to prove efficacy of DMSO in Fancy. It is hard hitting, and hard work December 28, 1970. less than 72 hours. A physician from FDA ing, and the mark it is leaving on its Hon. J. CARRINGTON GRAMLING, Jr., could work in an emergency room in any Captain, U.S. Coast Guard Reserve, Ret. large metropolitan hospital, treat acute readers is an example other papers would strive to achieve. Biscayne Building, trauma and satisfy himself of efficacy. Even Miami, Fla. a lay person could satisfy himself of efficacy For printing in the RECORD, I am en DEAR JuDGE GRAMLING: I have been griev by observing the immediate lessening of closing a copy of the article in the Pub ously concerned by the m.anner in which the swelling, the disappearance of bruises, and lishers' Auxiliary. recent incident between the Coast Guard the lessening of pain. Why is it so difficult THE SPINAL COLUMN Cutter "Vigilant" and the Russian seama.n for competent physicians such as the FDA has been handled, both by our news media claims they have to see it? Also, as to their The Spinal Column, the 25,000 circulation contention that efficacy has not been proved, west Oakland County, Mich., weekly, pro and others. they themselves state that 100,000 patients duced a "first edition" for the annual Good My thoughts on the subject are set forth were treated. Hundreds of physicians were fellows newspaper sale. Proceeds from the in the attached. involved in treating these patients. Even sale fill Christmas baskets for the under Sincerely, if we grant that the vast bulk of these phy- privileged. OsCAR F. MILLER. January 22, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 241 A FEW KIND WORDS FOR THE COAST GuARD The failure of America to recognize this the end of this month-to repeal the Now that the mass hysteria created by the fact precipitated the War of 1812. You should Federal statute requiring reduction of American Press over the Russian Coast know what happened to the White House! the voting age to 18. There is no reason A m.ore recent precedent was the San Guard affair has begun to subside, perhaps Jacinto affair in 1861, when U.S. Navy Cap whatever to assume that we must re it is now time to soberly and sanely analyze tain Charles Wilkes removed James Mason solve the present chaos by a constitu some of the facts and circumstances of this and John Slidell from the British mail tional amendment compelling the States sea-going incident. steamer "Trent". to reject the will of their own people and Instead of threatening Rear Admiral Ellis A number of thoughts come to mind when lower the voting age for State as well as and captain Fletcher Brown with a court reflecting on this sadly blundered and badly martial, and "permitting" them to retire a.s Federal legislators. Why not leave this reported incident. matter where the Constitution put it and a result of the part they played in this melo I think our American Press owe a greater drama, I think both of these able and experi obligation to their readers to avoid hysteria the people obviously want it, in the hands enced men should have been promoted. and rabble-rousing. True, t he principal com of the electorate of each State? That is Before alerting the F.B.I. and the C.I.A. ponents of a newspaper coilSiists of people what my bill does. to investigate the writer for making such an but, with the powers and prerogatives they Personally, I have always been and audacious sta,tement, perhaps it would ap exercise, they, like Caesar's wife, should be continue to be opposed to lowering the pear appropriate at this point to say I am above reproach. a seventh generation native-born American voting age below 21. This is the age at A little knowledge is a dangerous thing, which, in our society, most young people citizen, who has never been in Russia, and but ignorance of history can be catastrophic! to my knowledge-has never known a Rus first become fully self-supporting, since sian citizen or peasant--whatever they may it is the usual age for graduation from call their regimented sheep. I challenge any college. Personal experience with the one to question my loyalty. Further, I believe VOTING AGE CHAOS problems and responsibilities of finan any person who refuses to swear allegiance cial self-support is highly desirable in and take a loyalty oath to uphold the Con stitution of the United States, should not these times when the burden of taxa be permitted to work for the United States HON. JOHN G. SCHMITZ tion is so heavy and those who do not Government or any political sub-division OF CALIFORNIA have to support themselves are so easily within its boundaries. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tempted to vote a way other people's Having been trained in the law, I have a money. propensity for analyzing facts. Friday, January 22, 1971 At whatever age the line is drawn. All of the newspaper articles and edi Mr. SCHMITZ. Mr. Speaker, article I, there will always be some people below torials I have read on this celebrated affair, section 2, Constitution of the United refer to a "Lithuanian" who sought shelter the limit who would make more respon and freedom aboard a U.S. vessel. I detect a States, says: sible voters than some people above it- clever ruse to create an emotional appeal by The House of· Representatives shall be and vice versa. But the line must be constantl'y calling him a Lithuanian-never composed of Members chosen every second drawn somewhere, and I believe the a Russian! According to my current geo Year by the People of the several States, usual age of beginning self-support is graphical knowledge, this man is a Russian and the Electors in each State shall have the best place to draw it. whether he likes it or not. the qualifications requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch of the State It is interesting to note that, where If you are unable to accept this as a fact, it has already gone into effect, the 18- then call me a "Rebel" because my grand Legislature. father was a Captain in the Confederate year-old vote has proved no panacea Army in the war between the States, strug In its decision last month on the con for the problems arising from angry gling to defend Atlanta against that unin stitutionality of the bill passed by Con dissent among our young people. The vited tourist known as General William T. gress earlier in the year, setting the vot percentage taking advantage of their ("War is Hell") Sherman. Ambrose Bierce de ing age at 18 in every State, the Supreme new right to vote is small, and even fined a cannon as "an instrument used for Court of the United States ruled directly, fewer become directly active in politics the rectification of International Bounda explicitly, and diametrically opposite to despite well-publicized attempts to get ries." One cannot deny its effectiveness. Con the section of the Constitution just them involved. sequently, neither the "Lithanian" nor any quoted. Under its decision, persons 18 to of us, descendants of folks south of the Ma son and Dixon line can question the au 21 in every State must be allowed to thority of the Country within which we live. vote for Members of Congress and for I have as much feeling and sympathy as the President, but need not be allowed WHAT IS THE TRUTH ABOUT CALI anyone for those unhappy persons seeking to to vote for members of their State leg FORNIA FARMWORKING CONDI escape from the tyrannical life imposed up islature. TIONS? on them within the Iron Curtain. The great Rarely, if ever, even in its fantastic est error Franklin D. Roosevelt made was history since Earl Warren became Chief HON. CHARLES S. GUBSER diplomatically recognizing these communis Justice, has the Supreme Court so bla tic descendants of the Czars. They have tantly contradicted a provision in the OF CALIFORNIA caused nothing but headaches ever since. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Furthermore, I fully subscribe to the poli Constitution. In the past it has ignored, cies of our government in giving asylum to twisted, and distorted; now it has moved Friday, January 22, 1971 any and all defectors who successfully run to outright repudiation of what any child Mr. GUBSER. Mr. Speaker, whenever the gauntlet, and primarily or ultimately could see that the Constitution means. something occurs on California farms reach bur shores. The result--vividly demonstrating the which places farm employers in a bad But, when carefully scrutinizing this epi consequences of abandoning the funda light it always makes the headlines. sode involving a U.S. Coast Guard ship and mental charter of our Government--is a Russian ship, we are confronted with a However, a recent release by the Cali series of maritime rules and customs that virtual chaos, which will satisfy neither fornia Department of Agriculture, which cannot be violated or ignored, notwithstand the supporters nor the opponents of the reflects another side of the story, has ing our passions or feelings in this matter. 18-year-old vote. received little notice in the presa. This man was a member of a ship's crew All indications are that in most States Because I believe California farmers at sea, subject to the orders and directions the opponents are in the majority. In the have done an outstanding job of improv of his Captain. He sought to "jump ship" · past year alone, five States-Connecti ing farmworking conditions and, in fact, in violation of the Captain's orders and long cut, Florida, Hawaii, Illinois, and Mich recognized maritime laws. Further, the man lead the Nation in this effort, I think the wa.s not an ordinary seaman, but held the igan-have conducted referendums in following press release should be printed vital and indispensable post of radio opera which lowering of the voting age to 18 in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. I hope it tor. was rejected. The Supreme Court having will convince some who have had a field If the Commander of our Coast Guard evidently lost all sight of its duty, it is day in harassing California agriculture vessel had refused to surrender this crew the duty of the Congress to see that the that it might be wise to direct their man when ordered to do so by the Captain of rights of the people of these and other efforts elsewhere. How long can Cali this foreign ship, the reverberations from States to decide upon the qualifications fornia farmers compete with those in this violation of maritime rules and cus toms would have been heard around the of their electorate are not abridged. other States who do not assume their world. Jumping a ship is a far cry from For this reason, I introduced legisla social responsibilities as our farmers jumping a fence-it isn't the same, and you tion December 21-and will reintroduce have? better believe it! it in the new Congress which convenes at The press release follows: 242 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1971 CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE four hired workers in California. was a. mi cherishes the American way of life. And PRESS RELEASE grant. that, gentlemen, is the survival of the judi Little-known facts about California's farm This is partly the result of improved cial system as we know it today. I firmly be working conditions were brought out today worker housing, leading to families living lieve that unless some immediate dramatic by the State Department of Agriculture, the year round in one residence, and com changes are implemented, and it is incon following a survey of farm wage rates by the muting to different farming activities within ceivable, that justice could break down in Department's Crop Reporting Service. a. radius of their homes. the United States of America., but that could The survey, conducted during 1970, During the past five years, more than very well be the case. Let me state right here showed a.n average wage rate for all hired 2,000 new housing units have been construc and now that I couldn't agree more with workers on Callfornia farms of $2.09 per ted for farm workers in California., according former Supreme Court Justice Tom C. Clark hour. The range of pay was from a. low of to the State Department of Housing and when he makes the observation that more $1.86 per hour for those paid by the hour Community Development. These have been money in the form of more judges is not and receiving cash wages only, to a. high of built throughout the state from Gridley in necessarily the answer to this dilemma.. $2.42 per hour representing piece rate pay the Sacramento Valley to Indio in the South. I have always had, and I have been very for harvesting work, and $3.13 for super During the past three years, these units have careful to teach my sons to have, great respect visors. been constructed under a. joint government for our constitution and the rights it insures. These were higher rates than were paid industry arrangement financed by federal This extraordinary document is indeed the during 1970 in any other state, with the pos government funds. Machinery is furnished by cornerstone of our democratic way of life. sible exception of Washington, which is a.t industry to manufacture prefabricated And, certainly, I place immense value in the about the same farm wage level as Cali houses, with unemployed migrant workers protection of my rights as a.n individual as fornia, Department officials said. trained to manufacture and assemble mod much, and perhaps more so, than anyone The total hired farm labor force in Cali ern living units. else in this room. fornia. during 1970 ranged from a. low of Commenting on working conditons on Cal But while so much emphasis is being given 163,000 in February to a. high of 280,000 in ifornia. fa.rxns, Director Fielder said, "Farmers to the rights of the accused . . . what about September. These figures have been fairly would like to pay wages comparable to those the rights of the victixns? It appears to me constant over the past few years. paid in many other industries, but there is that if anyone's rights have been violated it Besides having the highest farm wages in just not that kind of income in farming is certainly the rights of those individuals the nation, California has far more protec today. who have been murdered ... who have tive laws and benefits for farm workers than "The farmer is caught in a severe cost been kidnapped ... who have been raped, any other state, as shown by a. report from price squeeze which is driving more and robbed or innocently fallen prey to any of the U.S. Department of Labor. more people off the farm. There is no way the other insidious activities of those whose Of ten protective laws recommended to the in which a. farmer today can pay higher rights the courts have been so concerned states by the federal government, Califor wages to his workers and add the cost on about. Let me emphasize once again that I nia has nine in effect. No other state has to his product, as is done in industrial wage a.m in no way questioning the wisdom of the more than six. raises. authors of our Constitution or the Bill of California. is the only state which provides "In comparison with other states, however, Rights. In fact, I strongly suspect that the temporary disability insurance to its farm California. is outstanding in its prograxns to current tendency to be overly protective of workers. Under this program, a. worker who provide proper working and llving conditions the rights of the accused would, and using a becomes ill or is injured off the job is en for its farm workers, whether resident or mi cliche, cause these great men to turn over titled to cash benefits ranging from $25 to grant," he concluded. in their graves. Certainly as time passes and $87 per week while he is disabled, plus a.n social conditions change, varying interpreta additional $12 a day in hospital benefits, if tions may be given to their writings. But I he is hospitalized. hardly think that the fathers of our demo In addition, farm workers, like all other A LAY PERSON TAKES A LOOK AT cratic system intended that confessed mur workers, are covered by workmen's compen OUR JUDICIAL SYSTEM derers should be set free because no one told sation if they are injured or become ill on them to remain silent . . . and, if in this the job. day and age, we truly concern ourselves with They are also covered by child labor laws, HON. JERRY L. PETTIS respect for our Nation's founders, I do not believe we could cast a. more damaging blow a. Illinimum wage law, and wage payment and OF CALIFORNIA wage collection laws. The law also strictly at their memory ... than to interpret their regulates farm labor camps and farm labor IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES work in this permissive manner. contractors, and requires that farm workers Friday, January 22, 1971 If, as I suggested, we are to consider be transported in safe vehicles. changing conditions in interpreting the Con The State Department of Agriculture is Mr. PETTIS. Mr. Speaker, in a time stitution, I must point out that one of the developing a. new list of waiting periods when our judicial process seems bogged greatest areas of public concern in recent which must be observed by growers before down in unnecessary delays and faces a years has been law and order versus crime farm workers may enter a. field or orchard crisis of confidence, I am impressed by a in the streets. Yet, when we look at the following pesticide application. California. speech given recently by RubenS. Ayala, direction in which we have been moving ... has taken the lead in developing this type of it appears to me that it is decidely a. case worker safety program. chairman of the San Bernardino County of law enforcement versus the courts. Gen Director of Agriculture Jerry W. Fielder Board of Supervisors. He declares, as a tlemen, you know far better than I that last year called on special county agricul layman, that he is genuinely perplexed these two elements were designed to cooper tural committees to exercise leadership in over some re-cent Supreme Court deci ate and that for our laws to be effective getting uniform complla.nce for adequate sions, and contends that the general pub they must work without hostility. I do not sanitary facilities, with ha.ndwashing and lic similarly cannot comprehend there wish to be misunderstood. I am not advo drinking water for field workers. Improve sults. Hopefully, this address will be as cating convictions ... I am advocating jus ment in the provision of such worker facili tice. A man is considered innocent until ties in fields and orchards have been re refreshing to my colleagues, a great many proven guilty. And this concept has proven ported in some 39 counties so far. of whom are eminent members of the bar, itself over the years, but when proven guilty, Legal actions have been taken against sev as it was to me. Perhaps it will give us justice must be carried out. If there is a. eral aerial pesticide applicators and pilots a little hint as to how we should begin procedural error or if some technicality has for applying pesticides under conditions to solve some of the problems that face been overlooked, perhaps the officers involved which endangered farm workers. our august judicial system. should be disciplined. But, it does not excuse Much is done in Callfornia. to help the The speech follows: the crime ... two wrongs don't make a migrant worker and his family. The State right whether the Constitution is involved Department of Education reaches some A LAY PERSON TAKES A LOOK AT OUR or not. 46,000 Illigra.nt children each year with a. sup JUDICIAL SYSTEM There are any number of cases that we lay plementary program through local school I come here today as a. lay person to speak people across this great land of ours are con districts. Special billngua.l teachers work to you as professionals. This, I believe, un fused about and we do not understand . . . with migrant children, helping them to ad der the circumstances, to be healthy and I many of these cases I am certain you gentle just to school, and assisting them with sincerely hope beneficial to all concerned. I men are familiar with and in my humble problems of language, reading and mathe was particularly delighted and pleased with opinion substantiates what I have been al matics. Special lunches are provided for these your invitation because, frankly, it provides luding to. children to assure they are getting adequate me with what I consider to be a. very valua For example, we lay people do not under nutrition. ble and excellent opportunity to discuss with stand why some fourteen years ago in Mal The number of migrant workers in Cali you, members of the Bar Association. a situ Zory v. United States the defendant's confes fornia ha.s steadily declined over the past ation which should be of deep concern not sion was ruled invalid because the arresting 20 years with the increased mechanization only to those who deal on a. dally basis with officer failed to bring the suspect before a in agriculture. At the peak of farm work in the judiciary, but should be of equal con judge without unreasonable delay. We do not September 1970, around one out of every cern to every American who sustains and understand when four years later in Mapp v. January 22, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 243 Ohio evidence was ruled inadmissible be an attorney, no one let him know that a free And gentlemen ... across this great land cause it was obtained in what was termed public defender could be made available. . . . of ours . . . are confused and we do not ·mega! search and seizure. We may agree or We don't understand.... understand. disagree with these two decisions, but it is Decisions like these seem endless. But I I strongly believe that interpretation by evident that such cases provided the foun believe my point in this area is clear. . . . the courts of my rights under the consti dation for the well known Escobedo and I do think it's important, however, to take tution must be tempered with common sense. Miranda fiascos. a brief look at where the 1961 case of Mapp We do not understand that in 1964, in the vs. Ohio has led regarding search and SPECIFIC RECOMMENDATIONS case of Escobedo v. Illinois, the Supreme seizure.... 1. Article that appeared in the Los Ange Court ruled out the confession beoause the In 1965 an 86-year-old M-assachusetts les Daily Journal dated 12-17-70 re: suspect was not advised of his right to re woman was the victim of rape. In reporting A. Reorganization of California trial main silent. Obviously, our Supreme Court the crime to police she could only identify courts--proposal is designed to eliminate felt that this omission by the arresting her attacker as a young Negro. In the next the distinction between Superior, Munioipa.l, authority nullified the confession and auto ten days police questioned 75 young Negroes. and Justice Courts in this State. matically made the suspect free of any sin Most were fingerprinted, questioned and re B. Estimated the approximately $100 mil or wrong doing. leased. The fingerprints of John Davis, how lion in local property tax relief would result We do not understand when, 2 years later, ever, matched those on a windowsill in the from the shifting of Court administration the Supreme Court expanded its Miranda victim's home and led to his conviction. But from the local level to the State. decision by reversing the conviction of con in 1969 the Supreme Court reversed that con C. Introduction of this bill aimed at mas fessed, and I wish to emphasize the word viction because it said the fingerprints were sive reorganization of our Courts is sched .. confessed," kidnapper-rapist Ernesto Mi illegally obtained without a warrant and uled !>Or sometime in March. randa, who was not advised of his rights were therefore inadmissible as evidence.... 2. Municipal Courts a 40,000 population. before he confessed in Phoenix. We just can't understand. . . . This deci 3. Reduction in size of juries. 12 mem.Oers It occurs to me that society has a right to sion not only freed a guilty man, but put a to 6 (misdemeanors). Reduces trial time expect its citizens to have at least a basic damper on the dragnet as a police method. Smaller civil cases. ' knowledge of the law. When we consider Now we are being told that even the prac 4. Permit majority verdict in criminal offenses ranging all the way from minor tice of frisking a suspect is of doubtful cases in order to reduce number of mistrials traffic violations to premeditated murder legality despite the fact that one out of every due to hung juries. we lay people do not accept ignorance of the ten frisks pTOduced a concealed weapon and 5. Untw!Wranted Court continuances. law a valid excuse for breaking it. . . . that the officer's life may be endangered. Ap 6. Unnecessary overly concern over tech We do not understand that nonetheleSs, parently law enforcement officer's lives are nicalities. the Supreme Court did not stop with Miran expendable. . . . 7. Greater use of referees and Commis- da . . . they went one step further in the Again, I could go on almost endlessly.... sioners for routine type matters: case of Reyes Arias Orozco. But, before we Confessed and convicted criminals are being (A) Small Claims. go on to that--! want to remind you that in set free .... Not because evidence cannot be (B) Traffic Citations. Miranda, the Court had attempted to justify obtained, but because of technicalities in 8. Greater use of circuit Judges bring our its decision by explaining that if not fully obtaining it. courts to the people rather than vice versa. informed of his rights, any criminal suspect I strongly believe that this active situation 9. More use of specialty Judges where fea is at an enormous disadvantage in which it is largely responsible for the loss of prestige sible. termed the inherently coercive atmosphere suffered by the court system which produced 10. More use of pre-trials as was introduced of a station house.... Orozco, however, the chaotic situations experienced recently in the West End by Judge Garner. Saves confessed in his own boardinghouse room in Chicago and New York, to mention only the time of Judges-D.A.s, P.D.s, Deputies where he was not in isolation or in unfa two. Sheriffs and jurors. ' mlliar surroundings as cited in Miranda. In Chicago in the trial of those charged 11. In order to promote respect for our Police investigating a shooting outside a with inciting a riot during the 1968 Demo judicial system, Judges as well as Attorneys Dallas bar found that Orozco had been in cratic convention ... defendants referred should devote time to explain controversial a quarrel earlier that evening in that very to Judge Julius J. Hoffman as ... Julie, decisions to the press and the general pub same bar. When questioned, he admitted Hitler, fascist pig, liar, sadist and executioner lic. being at the scene and furthermore pro they screamed obscenities, brought a Viet 12. Judges and arttorneys' should make a duced the gun which later proved to be the Cong fiag into the courtroom and ridiculed greater effort to get involved in the problems murder weapon.... We do not understand the court by wearing judicial robes. The de and the nwts and bolts operations of their that in 1969 the conviction was reversed as fendants packed the courtroom with unruly respeotive communities. Justice Black said, a man is, in effect, under spectators who laughed and chanted "oink" (A) Drug prevention programs. arrest from the moment he is asked his when the judge was called a pig. (B) Volunteer time. name. This is Miranda carried to a new and When Black Panthers were tried in New (C) City councils. unwarranted extreme in the opinion of we York for bombing two police stations, at (D) School Bds. lay people. But there is more ... "Don't tempted murder, possession of bombs, pistols, (E) Legal aid to the poor. thank me. Thank the U.S. Supreme Court," and guns without licenses, and for con 13. There has to be a much greater degree responded irate Justice Michael Kern in spiracy to bomb department stores, justice of cooperation between Judges and elected 1967 ... "You killed the child and you John Murtagh, was forced to suspend pro officials--we do have the tools to compre ought to g.o to jail." He was talkiit Nonforfeitable benefits Plan amendments TITLE V. PENSION BENEFIT INSURANCE Sec. 203. Every pension plan subject to Provisions are made to adjust a plan's CORPORATION title II will be required to vest rights to funding schedule in the event of an amend SEc. 501-511. This title establishes the regular retirement benefits when the plan has ment, however, if the amendment results in Pension Benefit Insurance Corp. and pro been in effect for 5 years or more. a 25 percent or greater increase in vested vides initial capital from the Treasury on a Sec. 203 (a). Plans in existence before the liabilities, the amendment may be regarded loan basis. as a new plan and subject to the same fund date of enactment of this title must vest TITLE VI. MISCELLANEOUS accrued benefits by one of the following al ing requirements as new plans. Variations ternatives: (1) vest in full, after a period Reports of funding status of service not exceeding 10 years, the ac SEC. 601. The Secretary of Labor may on crued portion of the regular retirement bene Sec. 303. A report must be filed each year his own initiative, after having received the fits (including benefits provided under with the Secretary of Labor indicating a petition of an administrator, prescribe an amendment) which is attributable to periods fund's assets and vested liabilities. alternative method for satisfying the require after the effective date of this title; or (2) Enforcement cf funding standards ments of title II or III. Variations may be granted as is necessary or appropriate to vest, after a period of service not exceeding SEc. 304. When the contribution to a pen carry out the purposes of the act and pro 10 years, 10 percent of the entire accrued sion plan falls below the amount necessary portion of the regular retirement benefits to meet the plans' funding schedule, the Sec vide adequate protection to the participants (including benefits provided under amend retary of Labor may prevent the plan from and beneficiaries in the plan whenever the ment) which percentage shall be increased increasing by amendment its vested liabili Secretary finds that the application of title thereafter no less than 10 percent per year ties until the funding schedule is met. When II or III would: (1) increase the costs of the until 100 percent of the accrued portion a pension plan fails to meet its schedule for parties to the plan to such an extent that of the regular retirement benefits is vested; five years, the Secretary may require by or there would result a substantial risk to the (3) voluntary continuation of the plan or a sub or vest, after a period of service not ex der, after notice and opportunity for hear ceeding 20 years, the entire accrued portion stantial curtailment of employers' pension ing, that the fund suspend further accumu of the regular retirement benefits (including benefits levels, or (2) impose unreasonable lation of vested liabilities until the funding benefits provided under amendment), the deficiency has been removed. At any time administrative burdens with respect to the period of service required for vesting then operation of the plan. Such variations are when a pension plan is in suspended status, being reduced at least 1 year for each year intended to be temporary only. the plan has been in effect after the effective the Secretary may require, after notice and opportunity for hearing, that the plan ter Denials of variations could be appealed to date of this title until the required period a Variations Appeals Board which would of service does not exceed 10 years; (4) vest minate and wind up its affairs in accordance with the provisions of title III and procedures consist of the Secretary of Labor or his dele in accordance with such other provisions as gate, the Secretary of Commerce, or his dele the Secretary of Labor might hold consistent established by the Pension Benefit Insurance Corp. if he determines such action necessary gate, and a person selected jointly by the with the purposes of this title. to protect the interest of participants. Secretaries of Labor and Commerce. Sec. 203 (b) . Plans created on or after Investigations the date of enactment of this title must SEc. 305. The effective date of this title vest benefits by one of the following alter would be two years after enactment. SEc. 602. The Secretary of Labor will be natives: (1) vest in the sixth year of the TITLE VI. BENEFIT INSURANCE given authority to investigate violations of the provisions of titles II, III and VI, or other plan's operation, after a period of service Insurance coverage not exceeding 15 years, the entire accrued rules or regulations issued thereunder. portion of the regular retirement benefits, SEc. 401. Every pension plan required to Civil enforcement meet a funding schedule in accordance with the period of service required for vesting SEc. 603. The Secretary may seek to enjoin thereafter being reduced at least 1 year title III would be required to obtain insur ance covering unfunded vested benefits which violations of the provisions of titles II, m for each subsequent yea.r of the plan's oper and VI, or any rule or regulation issued ation until the required period of service might arise from an essentially involuntary termination of the plan. The amount to be thereunder. does not exceed 10 years; or (2) vest in the SEc. 605. The Secretary is authorized and sixth year of the plan's operation after a insured would be the plan's vested liabilities less the greater of: ( 1) 90 percent of the directed to undertake research studies relat period of service not exceeding 10 years, 50 ing to pension plans, including methods of percent of the entire accrued portion of the assets needed to meet the funding schedule required under the act, or (2) 90 percent of encouraging future development of pension regular retirement benefits, the ·l)ercentage plans. vested thereafter increasing in each of the the plan's actual assets. succeeding years of the plan's operation by The Pension Benefit Insurance Corp. (es Penalties at least 10 percent until the entire accrued tablished in title IV) will be the insurer. SEC. 607. Any person who willfully vio portion of the regular retirement benefits The Pension Benefit Insurance Corp. would lates any provision of titles II through VI or is vested. not insure: ( 1) any unfunded vested liabili any rule, regulation, variation, or order is Period of service ties created by a plan amendment which took sued thereunder, or forges, counterfeits. Sec. 203 (d) . In computing the period of effect within 3 years immediately preceding destroys, or falsifies records or statements service under a plan, an employee's entire termination of a plan, or (2) any unfunded necessary to the operation of this act will be service with the employer contributing to vested liabilities resulting from the participa subject to criminal penalties. or maintaining the plan shall be considered. tion in the plan by a participant owning Rules and regulations 10 percent or more of the voting stock of the However, service prior to age 25, service dur SEc. 608. The Secretary of Labor is given employer contributing to the plan or by any ing which the employee declined to contrib authority to prescribe the rules which he participant owning a 10 percent or more in ute to a plan requiring employee contribu may find necessary or appropriate to carry tions, service with a predecessor of the em terest in a partnership contributing to the plan. out the provisions of titles II, III, and IV. ployer contributing to or maintaining the These rules and regulations may define ac plan (except where the plan has ·oeen con Premiums counting, technical, and trade terms used in tinued in effect by the successor employer), SEc. 402. Each plan would pay a premium such provisions; may prescribe the form and and service broken by periods of suspension for insurance at rates prescribed by the Pen detail of an reports required to be made of employment (provided the rules govern sion Benefit Insurance Corp., based upon the under such provisions; and may provide for ing such breaks in service are not unreason amount of unfunded vested liabilities which the keeping of books and records as well as able or arbitrary) may be disregarded. is to be insured and upon such other factors for the inspection of such books and records. Distribution of vested benefits as the Corporat ion determines to be appro Sec. 204. Vested benefits must be distrib priate. The premium for the initial 3-year uted at regular retirement .age. In no case period will not exceed 0.6 percent of the A CURIOUSER CALENDAR shall that age be later than age 65. amount (0.2 percent per year). Sec. 205. The effective d.ate of this title would be two years after enactment. Claims procedure HON. MICHAEL J. HARRINGTON OF MASSACHUSETTS TITLE UI. FUNDING SEc. 403. A claim must be filed with the Pension Benefit Insurance Corp. in the event IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Funding a plan is terminated for reasons of financial Sec. 302. Every pension plan subject to difficulty or bankruptcy, plant closing, by Friday, January 22, 1971 title II must provide for contributions to order of the Secretary, or such other reasons Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, even the plan in amounts necessary to meet the as the Corporation may specify as reflecting during my brief tenure in this body, I normru costs of the plan plus interest on as essentially involuntary plan termination. any unfunded past service costs. Vested li have become accustomed to being The Corporation is given authority to inves abildties are to be funded according to a drowned in a furiously surging flood of prescribed schedule which will fund those tigate and pay claims. paper as the sessions draw to a close. costs in 25 years. Special transitional pro Uninsured plans I found it strange, however, that the visions are included for plans already in SEC. 405. It would be unlawful to operate torrent began on the opening day of the existence. a pension plan without insurance. 92d Session. January 22, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 255 The Government Printing Office pro as we receive in the corresponding foreign sugar-coated pill for every economic and duced at what I am sure is a mind-bog countries. That would be the start of true social 111, and that only malice and ill will gling cost a 40-page calendar which, with "Free Trade." prevent its use. Time and again, I have had anguished letters from sincere readers to the the exception of the standard headings, effect, "Since you acknowledge th.at there is was blank-absolutely devoid of men a real problem, it is irresponsible of you to tally nutritious material. MILTON FRIEDMAN ON IMITATING criticize a. p·roposed solution unless you offer I realize the rules call for a calendar FAILURE an alternative. What is your solution?" to be printed each legislative day. I re Suppose an expert on cancer criticized a alize that this is not the only point on proposed cure. Would any of my corre which the rules and commonsense are HON. PHILIP M. CRANE spondents regard him as irresponsible be divergent. cause he did not offer an alternative cure? OF ILLINOIS Why is economics different? In economics, I apologize for the space this comment IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as in medicine, we have imperfect knowl takes in the RECORD, but I wish to point Friday, January 22, 1971 edge. Some ills we cannot cure at all, and out that I have resisted the urge to have some only with undesirable side effects. In yesterday's calendar inserted as an ex Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, the noted economics, as in medicine, our knowledge hibit at this point in the RECORD. economist Milton Friedman has finally will improve further bu.t there will always laid to rest the myth of wage and price remain unsolved problems of both kinds. controls in a very effective and concise HARD FACT manner. We know very well how to cure inflation: AMERICAN STEEL ASKS FAffi AND With the hope that the article will re by restricting the growth of money demand FREE TRADE ceive the serious consideration of all of through monetary and fiscal policy. At pres my colleagues, I am pleased to insert it ent, we know no other way to do it. We know also that this cure has the unpleasant side HON. JAMES M. COLLINS in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD at this effect of a recession and of temporarily high point: OF TEXAS er unemployment. We do not know how to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES MILTON FRIEDMAN ON IMITATING FAILURE avoid this side effect. There have been many The Johnson Administration tried wage inflations in history. I know of none that Friday, January 22, 1971 price guidelines. The guidelines failed and has ever been stopped in any other way or Mr. COLLINS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, were abandoned. The British tried a wage that has been stopped without temporary price board. It failed and has just been economic difficulties. last week when I was in Texas, I dis abolished. The Canadians .tried voluntary In the present episode, monetary and fiscal cussed steel developments with George w.a.ge-price controls. Their Prices and Incom.es restraint have been working as they always Wilson. George is president of Lone Star Commission recently announced the pro do. The rate of inflation is slowing down and Steel Co., with the home office in Dallas gram was unworkable and would be will continue to do so if restraint is main and the plant in east Texas. It is a small abandoned Jan. 1. tained. As always, a. side effect has been a company but has the same operational Yet, in the U.S., the Committee for Eco recession. So far, it has been mild, milder problems as the industry. nomic Development, an influential organiza indeed than past experience gave us any rea tion of businessmen, issues a report recom son to expect. We have been attacking the I was concerned with full production mending (though with some vigorous severest U.S. inflation on record except in and full employment. I asked George how dissents) a. wage-price board on British lines time of major war; yet we have experienced we could encourage industry from up and voluntary wage-price controls on Ca one of the mildest recessions in our history. here in Washington. He told me of their n.a.dia.n lines. Arthur F. Burns, chairman of But standards of performance have been handicaps in competing domestically the Federal Reserve Board, supports the driven so unrealistically high that an ex and in the foreign market. It is such a recommendation for a. wage-price board. The tremely successful policy, as judged by past confusing situation that I asked George Council of Economic Advisers' second "infla experience, is widely regarded as a. major to write me a letter and summarize the tion alert" uses stronger adjectives than the failure. What a. triumph of rhetoric over first to describe price deveiopments. Mr. reality. facts. I do not understand it, and am Nixon, in a speech to the National Associa asking the State Department to explain tion of Manufacturers. tried Inild jawboning, it to me. Here is the letter from George calling on labor and business to exercise re FAMILY FILMS ALIVE AND WELL Wilson of Lone Star Steel concerning straint in the national interest. THANKS TO M-G-M plain steel pipe: Surely, this must mean that the experience Here is the example that I mentioned in of the Johnson Administration, of Britain HON. JOHN J. ROONEY support of my conviction that prevailing in and of Canada is the exception, that there ternational trade policies of our own govern are other examples of the successful use of OF NEW YORK m ent place our domestic indust ry at a hope incomes policy to slow inflation. Not at all. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES less disadvantage with our foreign counter I do not know a single successful example Friday, January 22, 1971 parts. and the current proponents of an incomes A French manufacturer who developed a policy do not claim that they do. The re Mr. ROONEY of New York. Mr. sale for 100' of 2" plain steel pipe to a frain is rather, "despite the limited success Speaker, under the permission hereto customer in Texas would have to pay a total of these measures elsewhere, they offer fore granted me by unanimous consent import charge of less than $2.00 (tariff and promise." of the House, I enclose with these brief all other governmental charges); conversely, SOFT PROM ISE remarks an editorial published in the if we developed an identical sale to a customer If the promise is not based on direct ex in France, the foreign governmental charges perience, it is based on economic analysis? Friday, December 25, 1970, issue of the (tariff . licenses and assorted transaction fees Hardly. Economic analysis largely reinforces Brooklyn Record: applicable only to importation of the same experience. It suggests t h at voluntary wage FAMILY FILMS ALIVE AND WELL THANKS TO 100' of pipe into France) would be in excess and price controls are likely to be honored M-G-M of $20.00! In addition, the French manu in the breach-because those who observe The family film is alive and well thanks to facturer would be permitted by his govern them will suffer at the expense of those who those wonderful people at Metro-Goldwyn ment to exclude from his taxable income all do not--and that compulsory wage and price Mayer Inc who have made exciting classics profit attributable to the sale of the pipe to controls simply repress rather than elimi of the screen once again available for show the buyer in Texas! If this is "Fair Trade" nate inflationary pressure. The only analyt ing on week-end mat inees at your favorite I simply do not understand the - English ical case for wage-price control is to shorten local theatre where they belong. lan guage. the delayed impact of an inflationary epi There now can be a family togetherness at I do understand and am deeply envious sode after excess demand has been elimi Children's Matinees where all the neighbor of the extent to which the governments of nated, not temporarily, but for good (see hood can mingle once again in a. happy, other industrialized nations assist their na my Newsweek column, June 15, 1970). That happy atmosphere so long absent from com tionals to compete in foreign trade. I equally case is indeed cited by proponents of in~ munity life. People need people and there is deplore the policy of our government comes policy, but it is a weak reed, since no better place to gather than at the neigh that diligently protects foreign industry and mc-st of them regard the incomes policy as borhood theatre and for those fellowships to simultaneously subjects its own tax-paying a substitute for demand restraint, not a sup be further cemented over an ice cream soda industry to harassment and patent disad plement. The policy is based on neither ex or hot chocolate at the usually adjacent vantage as a. competitor. If our government perience nor analysis but simply on the "For drug store. had even a little sense of self-preservation God's sake, let's ao something" syndrome. M-G-M has released· such inspiring and it would at least apply the same treatment to The talk about incomes policy reflects a classic films of wonder as "The Wizard of our foreign competitors doing business here general tendency: the belief that there is a Oz/' "Jumbo," "Adventures of Huckleberry 256 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1971 Finn" and "Flipper" to name a few. Thus it more New England shoe factories have senting a 27% increase over the comparable brings hours of enjoyment to the childhood closed their doors due to the flooding of period last year. school time years which should be the time the domestic market by foreign shoe im AFMA'S early estimates and constant warn to build character and spark the curiosity ings concerning the bombardment of im which will make our young ones productive ports--leaving another several hundred ports during 1970 have been sadly realized. citizens in their world-tomorrow's society. workers jobless. Imports of nonrubber footwear for 1970: Too much of society's efforts have been During the 91st Congress the House (1) will total 235,000,000 pairs. pressuring the youngsters and turning them passed the first revision of the Nation's (2) will be worth $550,000,000 at the f.o.b. onto drugs and harmful ways of life as trade laws since 1962. The Trade Act af level. means of escape. The film world brings them 1970, by establishing reasonable quotas, (3) will be worth $891,000,000 at the excitement and mind-opening direction to would have provided an equitable portion wholesale level. prepare them for the challenges of the of the American market for both domes (4) will be worth $1,782,000,000 at the 'morrow. retail level. With the lowering of the voting age to 18, tic and foreign manufacturers. Unfortu Following is a summary of imported non those childhood years are all the more few nately, congressional action in the other rubber footwear by major types and by and more and more priceless. Thanks to body was not completed prior to adjourn principal sources for eleven months 1970: M-G-M kids will be able to live a happy ment. The U.S. Tariff Commission re make believe world inspired by great classic cently had the problem under considera films. Nothing is more precious than a child's tion and in a split decision succeeded Percent happiness and laughter. They move the change Average Estimated only in putting the problem in the Pres 11 months dollar retail world. 1970-69 value dollar ident's lap. Type of footwear (pairs) per pair value No matter how you slice it--quotas or PROTECT THE JOBS OF tariffs--the U.S. shoe industry is way Men's, boys' SHOEWORKERS past the peril point. The jobs of hundreds leather ______+14.1 $4.52 $14.64 Men's, boys' vinyL ___ +68.0 I. 31 4. 24 of thousands of Americans, and the live Women's, misses' lihood o.f their families, depends on re leather ______+25. 7 3. 32 10.76 HON. LOUIS C. WYMAN solving the question of reasonable pro Women's, misses' vinyl______+9.4 . 95 3. 08 OF NEW HAMPSHIRE tection for this critically affected U.S. Children's, infants' IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES industry. I respectfully urge such action leather ______+28.3 I. 50 4.86 Children's, infants' Friday, January 22, 1971 as a matter of domestic priority. vinyl______+4.2 .83 2. 69 American Footwear Manufacturers Mr. WYMAN. Mr. Speaker, the first 11 Association report and U.S. Tariff Com months of 1970 saw the continuation of mission release follow: Average the dangerous erosion af America's shoe Value dollar industry. Figures recently reported by IMPORT&--JANUARY-NOVEMBER 1970 Pairs f.o.b. value the American Footwear Manufacturers With 16,347,200 pairs of nonrubber foot Major sources (thousands) (thousands) per pair Association show a startling 27-percent wear imported into this country in November, the first eleven months of the year showed a Italy ______73,053 $238,421 $3.26 increase in the amount of nonrubber staggering total of 215,850,800 pairs---a 20% Japan ______54,249 55, 155 1. 02 footwear imports over the comparable increase over the same period in 1969. The Taiwan ______36,198 25,011 .69 Spain ______18,948 69,746 3. 68 11-month period in 1969. Since the be f.o.b. value of this footwear amounted to Hong Kong ______4,140 3, 377 • 81 ginning of the new year, at least two $500,171,800 for the eleven months, repre- TOTAL IMPORTS OF OVER-THE-FOOT FOOTWEAR [Thousand of pairs) 11 months, 1970 Percent change, 1970/1969 November 1970 Percent change, Value Average value Type of footwear (pairs) 1970/1969 Pairs (in thousands) per pair Pairs Dollars value Leather and vinyl, totaL ___ __ -----______------__ ------15, 262.9 +24.5 204, 579.5 $483,794.9 $2.36 +18.6 +25.6 Leather, excluding slippers ______------8, 743.3 +28.8 108,927. 1 388,030.3 3.56 +22.2 +22.7 Men's, youths', boys'------2, 418.0 +27.1 30,496.6 137,875.4 4. 52 +14.1 +18.5 Women's, misses'------5, 414. 1 +24.9 69,154.7 229, 325.0 3.32 +25.7 +27.8 Children's, infants' ______-- ______------623.4 +90.3 6,101. 7 9, 143.2 1. 50 +28.3 +22.2 Moccasins ______------___ ----_-- 39.5 -9.2 497.5 570.8 1.15 -15.6 -20.0 Other leather (including work and athletic) ______248.3 +38.3 2, 676.6 11,115.9 4.15 +33.9 -9.8 43.3 +13.1 278.5 720. 8 2.59 -18.3 -1.3 ~~ ~;le~~ppo-rted -tippers_-::======6, 476.3 +19.3 95,373.9 95,043.8 1. 00 +14.9 +39.3 1, 264.0 +88.8 14,933.9 19,685. 1 1. 31 +68.0 +81.5 ro~~:n~ ~~ ~~y~·isses' ======4, 734.9 +14.1 71, 178.9 67,883.3 • 95 +9.4 +32.4 Children's and infants' __ -----______------__ ------__ -- __ 401.2 -18.0 7, 750.0 6, 417.9 • 83 +4.2 +22.2 Soft soles ______76.2 -35.4 1, 511.1 1, 057.5 . 70 -8.0 +23.5 Other nonrubber types, totaL ______1, 084.3 +28.6 11,271.3 16,376.9 1.45 +52.4 +97.1 Wood ______---- ______--_------200.6 -16.2 3, 687.8 9, 467.8 2. 57 +206.3 +218.9 Fabric uppers ______------______------790.0 +44.1 6, 649.7 5, 573.0 .84 +24.0 +31.6 Other (not elsewhere specified>------93.7 +69.7 933.8 1, 336.1 1.43 +12.3 +21.1 Non rubber footwear, total __ ------16,347.2 +24.8 215,850.8 500, 171.8 2.32 +20.0 +27.1 Rubber-soled fabric uppers ______----- ______------__ 3, 529.9 +30.5 45,230.8 40,876.0 .90 +9.8 +33.1 Grand total, all types ______19.887, 1 +25.8 261,081.6 541,047.8 2.07 +18.1 +27.5 Note: Details may not add up due to rounding. Figures do not include imports of waterproof Source: American Footwear Manufacturers Association estimates from census raw data. rubber footwear, zories and slipper socks. Rubber soled fabric upper footwear includes non-Ameri can selling price types. TARIFF COMMISSION REPORTS TO THE PRESIDENT it had made under section 301 (b) ( 1) of the threaten to cause, serious injury to the do ON NONRUBBER FOOTWEAR Trade Expansion Act of 1962. The investiga mestic industry producing like or directly VOTE OF COMMISSION DIVIDED IN INVESTIGATION tion had been requested by the President on competitive articles. July 15, 1970. The vote of the Commission was divided. UNDER THE TRADE EXPANSION ACT OF 1962 In the investigation (TEA-I-18), the Com- Commissioner Young did not participate in The U.S. Tariff Commission today reported mission was to determine whether nonrubber the investigation. to the President the results of its investiga footwear is, as a result in major part of con Commissioners Clubb and Moore found that tion of the effect of imports of nonrubber cessions granted thereon under trade agree nonrubber footwear for men, youths, and footwear on the domestic industry producing ments, being imported into the United States boys and for women and misses (except for like or directly competitive products, which in such increased quantities as to cause, or work and athletic footwear, and slippers), is, January 22, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 257 as a result in major part of concessions New Jersey should serve as a clear re would try to get a court order to keep the granted under trade agreements, being im minder to all, that when God is dead, his decision from being enforced. ported in such increased quantities as to As the board meeting ended, some of the people suffer. students began crying. Others, led by Sam threaten to cause serious injury to the do I include several newspaper clippings: mestic industries producing men's and uel Shropshire of Cape May, shouted, "We women's leather footwear. They further [From the Washington Dally News, want Shelton." found that, in order to prevent serious in Jan. 22, 1971] Another group sang hymns, among which jury, the rates of duty on the types of foot CRIME, VD, AND INFANT DEATHS: NEWARK were "Onward Christian Soldiers." The dem wear described above and provided for in LEADS THE WORST LIST onstration w.as brief and orderly. TSUS items 700.30, 700.43, 700.45, and 700.55 The mayor of Newark today described his Mr. Mcintire, internationally known for must be increased as follows: 700.35 to 10 city as first in crime, first in venereal dis his "20th Century Reformation" movement, percent and the other three items to the ease, first in infant deaths and the first radio broadcasts and Vietnam victory rallies 1969 rates. They concluded that adjustment but not the last-city likely to go under be in Washington, led the students to the nea,r of the industry to the import competition de cause of its own decay. by State Museum auditorium. pended on the grant of adjustment assistance Mayor Kenneth Gibson gave strong sup In a talk there, he branded the board's ac to the firms and workers concerned. Com port to the revenue sharing plan President tion as "calculated, premeditated murder." missioners Clubb and Moore also determined Nixon wlll call for tonight in his State of the In addition to the court appeal, he said that work and athletic footwear and slippers Union address. he would sue the state for $1 million in for men, youths, and boys, and women and Mayor Gibson testified before a House da.mages. misses are not, as a result in major part of Senate economic committee looking into the trade-agreement concessions, being imported state of the nation's economy. Also scheduled (From the Christian Beacon, Jan. 21, 1971) in such increased quantities as to cause, or to be heard were Mayor John Lindsay of New NEW JERSEY MOVES To KILL SHELTON threaten to cause, serious injury to the do York and Gov. Milton Shapp of Pennsyl mestic industry producing like or directly A Word From the President of Shelton Col vania. lege: competitive articles. Mayor Gibson presented an awesome pic Commissioners Sutton and Leonard found The decision of the Board of Higher Edu ture of a city in trouble in outlining the cation of the State of New Jersey to close in the negative. problems o'f his community of 400,000, of Under the law, the President may consider Shelton College as of the end of May is not a whom 29 per cent are white. He said: surprise. It was expected. All that has hap the findings of either group of Commis 30 per cent of its people live on welfare, sioners as the findings of the Commission. pened is that the liberal leftist ruling party the cost of which has more than doubled in which controls the Board of Higher Educa If the President agrees with the affirmative four years. finding of Commissioners Club and Moore, One quarter of its pupils drop out of tion has decided to eliminate the one and he may provide tariff adjustment or adjust only fundamental Christian college in the schools, and half the schools are 60 years old state which is "Training Christian Warriors" ment assistance or both. or older. Copies of the Commission's report (TC 41,000 housing units-nearly one in three for the Twentieth Century Reformation. Publication 359), which cont~ins statements are in such bad shape they can't be repaired. Here we have liberal intolerance and bu of the reasons for the Commissioner's find SO many property owners are abandoning reaucratic tyranny which we hear so much ings, are available upon request as long as their buildings that the city, taking them about today. The bureau makes the law, ad the limited supply lasts. Requests should over when taxes go unpaid, is fast becoming ministers the law, and judges the offender be addressed to the Secretary, U.S. Tariff the biggest landlord in the city. of the law. It is frightening to see it in op Commission, 8th and E Sts., N.W., Washing Mayor Gibson urged Congress to assume all eration. ton, D.C. 20436. welfare costs with higher payments and to Shelton College has been in the State of enact revenue sharing without cutting back New Jersey 16 years. It has been approved on other forms of aid. year after year by the state. When I became "The cry from Newark," he said, "is be president of Shelton the state approved of CATASTROPHIES OF SHELTON COL coming the all-too-familiar appeal for na my being president. The real trouble started in 1965 when Shelton was forced to move out LEGE AND NEWARK, N.J. tional solutions to urban problems. "I caution you: Do not misunderstand the of Ringwood in northern New Jersey and complications of urban decay and collapse. come to Cape May. It had shown signs of real HON. JOHN R. RARICK As I have said many times before, wherever growth. The liberals cracked down suddenly, America's cities are going, Newark wll1 get but this was defeated. OF LOUISIANA there first. Then in 1967 Dr. Ralph Dungan came from IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "We are not only talking about saving the Chile, where he was called the "pink ambas Friday, January 22, 1971 Newarks o'f America, we are talking about sador," and became chancelor of higher edu saving America itself." cation of the State of New Jersey. It is clear Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, we hear now from the very beginning that he laid tragic reports from the State of New (From the Philadelphia (Pa.) Inquirer, the groundwork for the destruction of Shel Jersey. Jan. 16, 1971] ton College. He issued a new set of stand The mayor of Newark, N.J., testifying ards. To read them today in the light of the MCINTIRE'S SCHOOL MUST CLOSE, RULES action of the state in ordering the College before a congressional committee, has N.J. BOARD OF EDUCATION closed makes one think that they were de reportedly denounced his own city as be (By Stephen M. Pogust) signed specifically to "get" Shelton. Over ing first in crime, first in venera! disease, The New Jersey Board of Higher Educa and over again these standards, without first in infant deaths, and predicts it will tion voted unanimously Friday to shut down being specific, use the word "adequate" be the first city likely to ~o under, be the Rev. Carl Mcintire's Fundamentalist "adequate" preparation for teachers, "ade cause of its own moral decay. Shelton College in Cape May. quate" library space, "adequate" laboratory Yet, at the same time, we learn that The decision was heard by more than 100 facilities. Never has the word been defined of Shelton's students, Mr. Mcintire and sev and spelled out or any ratio between the size the board of higher education of New eral faculty members who were jammed into of the student body and the varying degrees Jersey has decreed that Shelton College, the board's small conference room in Tren of adequacy spelled out. Moreover, this new a Christian institution at Cape May, N.J., ton. set of standards was never presented by Dr. must be shut down for failing to meet The ruling revokes the college's license Dugan to me on the v&rious occasions when State standards. at the end of the spring semester for failing he saw me, nor did he even so much as sug Apparently, its new immigrant citi to meet minimum state standards for grant gest that new standards had been erected zens, congregated by promises of a new ing baccalaureate degrees. Mr. Mcintire called from the older ones of 1955. It was not untll Utopia through welfare, have lost the the decision a "liberal frameup." January 20, 1969, that the standards were The board found that Shelton, a four-year actually sent to us. faith in plantation life in Newark. liberal arts college with 71 faculty members, Dr. Dugan then sent an examining com On the other hand, there is academic had demonstrated "substantial academic de mittee to the college in April, 1969, made freedom the Nation over except for Dr. ficiencies coupled with a lack of institutional up of National Council of Churches support Mcintire's Sheldon College, which in New integrity and administrative competence." ers, from Upsala College, a Lutheran school, Jersey doesn't even have the right to It also found "lack of candor in dealing with and from Drew, a Methodist university. They have an academy. the public, students and the state." reported, under the "adequate" provisions, The board supported 12 of 19 charges by that Shelton was inadequate and in viola It would appear that what New Jer the chancellor of higher education, Ralph tion of the standards. This, however, was sey needs most is less faith in the "bread Dungan. They included listing of courses in never told to Shelton, and the state never and wine" promises of the Washington the catalogue that are not actually taught gave to Shelton a copy of the report. Shel money changers and more trust in the and employment of an inadequate faculty. ton received it only during the hearing which type of fundamental teachings of Chris Mr. Mcintire announced that the decision was called after threatening to go to court tian colleges like Shelton, at Cape May. would be appealed immediately and that he to force the release of the report. CXVII--17-Part 1 258 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1971 Nineteen charges were filed against the destroy the many elementary schools that render! Let this cry ring in the camp of the College on May 16, 1969, charging violation are arising. Shelton symbolizes all that 1s fundamentalists throughout the whole of the standards, and this only four months involved in this fight. Never was it truer: Christian world. after Shelton had ever seen the new stand "Freedom is everybody's business." Yours for Victory, ards. Of these 19 charges, after nine months Now for the defense. An appeal 1s being CARL MciNTIRE, of delay, the Board had to drop seven of the taken to civll courts. A stay of execution will President, Shelton College. charges because they were so absurd. be secured. The faculty and students are For the first time in the decision it was resolved to stay and fight. Second, wen BIBLE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH, learned that the Board objected to the list justified damage suits are going to be filed Cape May, N.J., January 17, 1971. ing of honorary degrees alongside of the against the State of New Jersey, each faculty Hon. WILLIAM CAHILL, faculty members' names. This has always member filing a separate suit, and I will also State Capitol, been done, and the previous catalogs were file one because this has already been used Trenton, N.J. approved. an over the world to destroy my character DEAR GoVERNOR CAHILL: We, the Congre The most serious aspect of the entire at and to hurt the International Council of gation of the Bible Presbyterian Church of tack was against the faculty of the College. Ohristian Churches. This is so clearly Satanic Cape May, deplore the decision of the State Charge number seven condemned the en and one ot the signs of the end times. For Board of Higher Education in removing the tire faculty as not having adequate prepara the Apostle Paul said: "perilous times shall accreditation of Shelton College. tion in the fields of their instruction. Of this come," which would include "false accus As members of this community, we have the College was declared to be guilty. The ers.'' found the young people to be of the highest effect of this on the radio, the press, and on We are asking everyone to go to the throne calibre and a credit to our local youth. The television has damaged every member of the of grace in prayer and appeal to the promises college has made its faclUties open to the faculty, with their Ph. D.'s and masters de of Scripture. Live close to the Word of God general public and has actively recruited grees, all of whom are teaching in the fields for the days are evil. Letters should now be area youth to attend, thus affording them in which they have been prepared by their sent directly to the Governor, the honorable the opportunity to become better citizens. studies and experience. William T. Cahlll, Trenton, N.J. Everyone Senior Citizens were given special invitations The state ruled that the College did not who reads this report, I request, please, to to the Artist Series sponsored by the college. have financial resources sufficient to main write the Governor, send a copy to the Presi A teenage youth center meets eaoh week 1n tain itself, but the fact is that the College dent of the United States and a copy to the the gym, directed by students from the col had maintained itself. The state refuses to 20th Century Reformation Hour. The Gov lege. recognize the way in which the fundamen ernor, who is a liberal and a Roman Catholic, tal Christians and churches by their gifts, just as Dr. Dungan is a liberal and a Roman Young people need a college like Shelton. and the backing of the 20th Century Ref Catholic, will realize that there is strong Its stand for the Bible as the Word of God, ormation Hour itself, give support to Shel and its teachings of the American way of life public reaction. The Governor could himself are the very voices that are being silenced ton. The state simply will not permit a direct that another examining team look over school to eXist which depends upon the Shelton. A team of qualified experts visited throughout our land. Yet it is this philos tithes and offerings of Christian people. This, Shelton at Shelton's expense and reported to ophy of education that has made our Re to the state, is too insecure. A big point was Dr. Dungan that the College's accreditation public the great nation that it is. made of the low salaries, and the school should be continued. We ask you, as our Governor, to take all was declared incompetent because of this. The March 20 March for Victory in New necessary action to restore the degree grant The right of teachers to contribute part of Jersey will also carry the emphasis of Vic ing authority to Shelton College. We are their services as unto the Lord with the tory for Shelton College. Already this matter puzzled when we read about a shortage of faculty accepting adequate salaries, as they has become a subject for talk shows and let colleges in our State and then see the action considered adequate, was simply rejected by ters to the editors. The more the better. The taken by the Board of Higher Education to the state. These various matters, as they same element which sought to have WXUR stop a liberal arts college that asks nothing related to specifics, had never previously put off the air was represented in the New from the State, but contributes everything been spelled out for the College. Jersey Board of Higher Education. Every to its well being. The state also took the position that it where it is opposition, abuse, and suppres Sincerely yours, had to approve the majors-all majors. This, sion for those who would fight apostasy and JEROME DAVENPORT, Clerk. too, was something new and a denial of the Communism. Let no one fail to read the true Approved unanimously, without absention, independence of the religious institution. meaning of this disgraceful action. But Shel at the morning worship service, January 17, The Association of Independent Colleges in ton, with its many friends and its approxi 1971. the state has vigorously opposed this new de mately 1000 graduates will now arise to fight mand of Dr. Dungan. for all, and wm use the opportunity to be SENATOR RICHARD BREVARD Repeatedly the charges against the Col genuine "Christian Warriors." lege, as they were upheld, were said to in Let everyone help, and let us watch what RUSSELL volve the integrity of the president and of God will do in His providence. the administrative offices under him. The en If this had been a Jewish college the cry HON. ROBERT N. GIAIMO tire document was contrived to make things would be "anti-Semitism!" or a Negro col sound as bad as possible and to discredit lege, the cry would be racism!" or a Roman OF CONNECTICUT the degrees which the College has given. Catholic college, the cry would be "bigotry!" IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The reaction has been vigorous and emo The fundamental Christian must stand up Friday, January 22, 1971 tional. The students of the College wept and against what is in truth anti-Christian. Let resolved to fight. They have just collected us use the occasion to let everyone know that Mr. GIAIMO. Mr. Speaker, on rare $200 and placed a full-page ad in the Cape what is called Christianity of the apostasy occasions leaders rise to speak for their May Star ana Wave appealing to the public is the very thing that Shelton stands against. beliefs and grow beyond the confines of to help them save the College which has just Do not the fundamental Christians have a region or philosophy, RICHARD BREVARD moved into a brand new, one-m1llion-dollar right to have a school to which they can three-building complex-the James E. Ben send their youth and their gifts? The state RussELL did that. but now he is gone. A net Library, the Clyde J. Kennedy Adminis has now offered to help Shelton students great public servant, national statesman, tration Buildi.ng, and the J. Gordon Hold transfer to another college ... but what col and patriot has passed on. A man of croft Academic Building. lege? This is like rubbing salt in the wounds. strong convictions and honor. he fought The sl.gnifica.Illt thing about the whole Christian people must now conserve their hard to defend the right as he saw it. affair is that had the Board of Higher Ed means. We are going to have to give and He worked hard to defend the national ucation simply told the administration, as sacrifice, but we must use every lawful and honor as he perceived it. A conservative was repeatedly requested, what these speci proper means to defend our rights to free by nature and inclination, he was not fics were, they could and would have been dom. I a.m writing a complete rebuttal to the corrected. None of them or all of them were decision paragraph by paragraph, and it 1s stamped from a rigid mold, but he did sufficient to destroy a Christian college. The being offered to the radio audience free upon have that rare quality-fundamental action was arbd.trary, and can be explained request. Do not worry, my friend; the Lord honesty. With cautious good judgment, only on the basis that the liberal leftist said it would be this way. Don't forget that he warned Presidents Eisenhower and powers were determined to eliminate a col there will be something the DevU will do Kennedy against involvement in the war lege which is "Training Christian Warri tomorrow, but our formula of victory ls, now raging in Southeast Asia. Once in, ors''-the motto of Shelton. The action is "Resist the devil, and he will flee from you" he became a staunch defender of hitting arbitrary and can be explained only as com ( Jas. 4: 7) . A weak, soft fundamentalism that hard and expediting withdrawal. He was ing from ·the liberals with their determina won't fight except to fight those who believe tion to destroy thelr opposition. Thls is what ln fightlng the devll should now recognize no "Monday morning quarterback." He all America must see. There will no longer that those o! us who are fighting the battle taught many another public servant more be any place for mllltant colleges that are are actually preserving their freedom to wor "liberal" than he by example. He was a fundamental. Christian high schools will ship and even to counsel their compromise. legislator's legislator. go, and the liberals will conrtrtve a way to There must be no compromise and no sur- Mr. Speaker, I had not the opportunity January 22, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 259 to know the late Senator RICHARD B. household refuse annually, and the total goes ''What good does it do to ban throw-away RussELL, of Georgia, well, but it was my up each year. The cost to collect and dispose pop and beer bottles and not ban them for of it is staggering--close to $4 billion an pickles, vegetables, ketchup, olives and every privilege to have witnessed his leader nually. Some of the junk is burned, some is thing else that comes in a throw-away con ship firsthand. Watching him from my buried, some is dumped at sea, and a lot of it tainer?" he aaks. "What about the shoe box context-that of a northeastern constit just blows across the land. and all the other containers we throw away? uency and from the House of Represent The harvest of refuse is a major headache Besides, the consuming public will always atives-we often disagreed. Yet, to quote for cities, which everywhere are plagued by a resist this. They'll just go buy them some Senator RussELL's own tribute to the late lack of new dumping sites and the high cost where else." President John F. Kennedy: ;:>f building and running refuse incinerators. Let the people buy and throw away, says Yet this em.uent of our hardsell, super-pack Spendlove. Human nature is not easily Among his other admirable attributes, he aged marketing system itself offers the an changed but recycling plants that make waa a man of tolerance and understanding. swer to the problem of its existence. For if money can be easily built, and the profits He fought hard for those things in which he properly treated, all of this junk is worth can be spent on doing a better job of believed, but he well knew that all men money. collecting refuse. would not see the same issue in the same A federal research project quietly under Trash disposal in the United States, for light. He would have been the last to have way in Edmondston, Md., in Prince Georges the most part, relies on the same basic proc expected anyone to stultify conviction County, haa developed a recycllng plant esses used centuries ag~burn and bury. merely to conform to his opinions. that takes refuse at one end and produces Nothing better was ever developed because, May we learn from his example greater commercially valuable products at the other untd.l fairly recently, land waa cheap enough end-at a profit. The reason a profit can be and plentiful enough to make burn-and-bury tolerance for those with whom we dis made is simple: Household refuse is rich in a sensible disposal system. agree, and may we resume a meaningful all the materials that were thrown into it- But suburban sprawl, the population ex national dialog on crucial issues. May he aluminum, iron, copper, brass, tin, glass, plosion and the boom in throw-away pack rest in peace. paper and plastic. Indeed, for some of these aging have combined to overwhelm existing materials, household refuse is a resource municipal dumps and make sites for new richer than ore that is profitably mined and ones hard to find. Fairfax County in Vir processed in a mill. ginia, for example, is nervously seeking a new REFUSE RECYCLING A visit to the Edmondston recycling plant dumping site; in about a year, the county's is a surprising experience for anyone accus landfill operBJtion west of Fairfax City w'ill tomed to the dirt and obnoxious smell usually have taken about all it can hold. HON. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN found in ordinary refuse-disposal plants. Similarly in Maryland, Montgomery Coun There is plenty of noise--the huge machines OF MARYLAND ty should have closed its overstuffed landfill used in the recycling process chops, tumble, near Rockville a year ago, county officials IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES crush and shake the junk fed into them with acknowledge. But land close in is expensive, Friday, January 22, 1971 an awesome racket. But the refuse is carefully an d few communities farther out are eager to contained along the chain of connected ma become somebody else's dumping ground. Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Speaker, one of the chinery, and water sprays in the machines to Alternatives being considered by some local things which most impressed me during wash out fine particles keep down the dust. governments include baling trash and ship my visit to Southeast Asia in 1969 was The floor is spotless. ping it elsewhere by ran. The District of the imaginative uses to which Asians put The man in charge is Max Spendlove, re Columbia may send its trash on barges 20 their recycled metals. For example, one search director at the U.S. Bureau of Mines' miles down the Potomac to Cherry Hill, Va., often sees traffic signs which carry the Metallurgy Research Center at the University when its dumping site at Oxon Cove, Md., is of Maryland. Spendlove, a serious-faced, or filled up. imprint of old beer cans or other recycled derly man in his 50s who looks as if he might metals on the back. I also understand be a high school physics teacher, has a One method of reducing the sheer volume that the Japanese use compressed blocks matter-of-fact way of speaking that often of refuse is to burn it in an incinerator, of solid waste material as a construction harbors wit. Giving directions to his office which removes the paper, plastic, wood, food, on the University of Maryland campus, he and anything else that will burn. There are material. Recycling of solid waste dis now about 400 incinerators in use in the posal must be given much attention in advised: "Follow Campus Drive until you pass the Student Union Building-that's the United States, and scores more wlll be built the United States as one of the methods one with all the trash out in front--and in coming years. The District has had at for not only disposing of our refuse, but I'm in the next building on your left." least one incinerator since the 1930s, and is also deriving some benefit from it. Spendlove's career as a government metal planning to build its fifth soon. And there are several others in metropolitan Wash I was pleased to read recently that the lurgist devoted to getting something valuable ington. But incinerators still leave an un U.S. Bureau of Mines Metallurgy Re out of what appears to be worthless goes burnable residue of metal and glass that search Center at the University of Mary back to 1940, long before the disposable ex must be buried in a landfill somewhere. is plosion in American merchandising began land currently operating an experi overwhelming municipal trash systems. The Edmonston recycling plant developed mental recycling plant in Edmonston, His first job with the Bureau of Mines under Spendlove's direction was designed to Md., in my congressional district. was to figure out a way to extract the valu process this incinerator residu~xtract the Mr. Speaker, I ask that the magazine able metal in the smoke and gases belched valuable materials in pure enough form to article describing this process and the out by copper smelters near Salt Lake City, make them commercially valuable. Using Edmonston plant be inserted in the REc Utah. After World War II he was in College residue collected from incinerators 1n sub Park, developing techniques for reclaiming urban Maryland, Virgin1a, the Distrlct of oRD at this point for the perusal of our Columbia, Baltimore, Atlanta and New Or be in aluminum from thousands of scrapped mili colleagues who might interested tary planes. When Congress enacted the Solid leans, Spendlove and his fellow researchers this form of environmental control: Waste Disposal Act of 1965 with the idea experimented with machines that chopped, CAN WE USE MAx SPENDLOVE'S TRASH of combating pollution and reclaiming lost chewed and separated incinerator residue. By MACHINE? resources. Spendlove was appointed to direct November, 1969, six months after they had per.f~ted the process. (Our refuse need not be a mountainous lia the bureau's research under the act, This bility. It can be disposed of profitably, says led to the development of the Edmondston Perfecting the process achieved theso fi the director of an experimental recycling recycling plant, which first started processing nancial results: The cost in labor, equip plant in Maryland) refuse on an experimental beals in May, 1969. ment and building to process incinerator residue is $3.52 a ton. The end products (By John Morton) So Spendlo.-c is used to looking at the worthless, the discarded objects of Am~rica, commercial grade metals and glass--are A quart jar of pickles brings together in in a different light. Thus he speaks of house worth $12 a ton. This means that cities one convenient package 16 pickles, a cup of hold trash with admiration, even a bit of with incinerators are burning and burying brine, an ounce of metal in the cap, a bit of affection, and with an absolutely straight $77 million worth of resources a year-the paper label and 12 ounces of glass. All of face. To Spendlove, it's not trash, but "urban recycled value of the 22 million tons of ref these facts do not fill the housewife's mind ore," and he likes to talk about how coat use fed to incinerators each year in the as she cruises the supermarket aisles. It's hangers and tin cans are "high" in iron, that United States. the pickles she wants, and that's what her broken toys and alarm clocks produce a lot Attracted by reports in technical journals, family gets. The rest is thrown away. of brass and aluminum, and that all of those representatives from the iron, aluminum and A lot of everything else she buys is thrown throw-away bottles give off a nice quality of glass industries have visited the Edmonston away, too, after the edible contents are un marketable glass, if handled right. project to see for themselves that the recy wrapped from paper, squirted from aerosols, He even sounds a little protective of the cling plant can produce valuable material. squeezed from tubes and poured from thou qualities of his urban ore at the mention of Other visitors have included officials from sands of cans and nonreturnable glass bot banning throw-away bottles by municipal severa.l major cities in the United States tles. Truly it is a disposable feast. ordinance, a step recently taken by Bowie, and abroad. Am.erlcans throw away 160 million tons of Md. If money can be made from household 260 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1971 trash, and the Bureau of Mines has a plant The first machine in the recycling chain is "How is my son?" A wife asks: "Is my that proves it, why aren't mayors and city a trommel---e large, rotating cylinder full of husband alive or dead?" councils all over the country plunging into 1%, -inch holes that normally is used to sort Communist North Vietnam is sadis engineering reports and making feverish out gravel. The incinerator residue brought plans to build their own recycling plants? in at the unloading dock is dumped onto a tically practicing spiritual and mental Part of the answer is that the Bureau of conveyor, which carries it to the trammel; genocide on over 1,500 American pris Mines experiment was so recently completed small particles drop through the trammel's oners of war and their families. that word of its successes has not spread holes as it rotates and feeds larger pieces to How long? out to municipal public works departments. a shredding machine. In later stages, mag Even in metropolitan Washington, which nets pull out magnetic metals, and grinding would seem to have the edge on the rest of mills crush glass into tiny particles and THE 18-YEAR-OLD VOTE the country because of proximity, checks flatten pieces of nonmagnetic metals so they with public works departments failed to turn can be screened out of the glass. up any officials who had actually visited the Traditional refining techniques, such as HON. WILLIAM J. GREEN Edmonston project, although there were acid leaches and filtration, further separate OF PENNSYLVANIA varying degrees CYf awareness of it. metals into aluminum, copper, zinc and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Moreover, the public works officials tended brass. The glass particles can be used as is to view the whole concept of recycling as to make building bricks and glass wool, but Friday, January 22, 1971 something too experimental and far off to more money can be made from glass that is Mr. GREEN of Pennsylvania. Mr. be of much use to them in their day-to-day separated by color, which is done both by struggles with collection, burning and bury magnetic means (color in glass is created by Speaker, on December 21, 1970, the ing. Says Norman Jackson, director of the iron and chromium) and with an optical Supreme Court, in United States against District's Department of Sanitary Engineer sorter. State of Alizona, announced that part of ing: "Recycling is a very fundamental prin The cost and profit figures cited above are the Voting Rights Amendments of 1970 ciple that we must observe in the future, but based on a recycling plant serving a city of enfranchising 18-year-old voters in I think a lot of work remains to be done on 250,000. A larger plant, say for a city of a State and local elections was unconsti it." million, would use the machinery more effi tutional. Others apparently were not acquainted ciently, reducing processing costs to $1.83 a The Court a.L·gued that while Congress with Spendlove's recycling techniques. Both ton. How much to build a plant for a city Nicholas Stoliaroff, urban engineer with of a million? About $2.2 million, certainly has the power to supervise congressional Prince Georges County, and Frederick Doe, not unmanageable, especially in view of the elections, and also to set qualifications Arlington County's utilities director, as profit potential. of voters for presidential and vice-presi serted that household trash is such a com OFFICIALS TEND TO VIEW THE CONCEPT OF dential elections, the essential separate plex mixture of materials that sorting it out RECYCLING AS TOO EXPERIMENTAL ness and independent existence of the never would be profitable. "You can't tell States is traced to "the power of the from looking at a can whether it's aluminum "Now that we know how to process in cinerator residue and make money at it," says States and their governments to deter or tin," says Doe. The Edmonston plant, how mine within the limits of the Constitu ever, does not rely on visual identification; Spendlove, " we're setting up another plant to it shreds all incoming materials and sepa take refuse straight from the garbage can tion the qualifications of their own no incinerator-because the paper and plas voters for State, county, and municipal rates them with mechanical, magnetic and tic refuse is valuable, too, and we hate to see chemical methods. offices and the nature of their own ma it burned up." He expects to spend about a chinery for filling local public offices." Doe also refused to accept that tin cans year perfecting the process for raw refuse. and glass bottles could produce raw materials "We already know how we hope to do it, but The Court further stated: that would bring a profit, regardless of the there are always unexpected kinks to work It is obvious that the whole Constitution cost-profit studies done by the Bureau of out." reserves to the Sta.tes the power to set voter Mines. "For example, tin cans have fallen Processing raw refuse both eliminates and qualifications in State and local elections ex in value considerably because the tin coat raises some problems. It would eliminate the cept to the limited extent that the people ing on the iron contaminates the new types need for an incinerator, which costs about through constitutional amendments have of steel furnaces being used," he says. $23 million to build for a city of a million. specifically narrowed the powers of the Spendlove acknowledges that the tin con But it poses expensive difficulties in reclaim States. tamination problem remains to be solved, ing paper and plastics and fabrics. To be sep along with problems caused by solder from arated from other trash, these lightweight Regardless of the sound legal reason the seams of cans and copper that some articles must be put through what is called ing employed by the Court, some selious how attaches itself to tin cans during in air classification. and practical difficulties are raised by cineration. But the profit figures he cites Essentially, air classification is a stream of this decision. for his recycling process are based on receiv air into which the refuse is dribbled. The air First, there is the whole thrust of the ing the low prices that tin-contaminater iron blast blows out the paper, cardboard, plastic consciousness of a generation. Eighteen brings on the market. "When we solve the and other light materials, and an additional contamination problem, the iron will be good year-olcis today are better educated, air stream can further separate the light more aware of their world, more positive enough to make steel, and then we can weight materials into distinct grades. make more than $12 a ton pro:ilt on in Adding air classification to a recycling tn their thinking, and more solicitous cinerator residue," he says. plant (the heavier materials would continue of other human beings than any previous Spendlove believes there will be two ma to be processed just like incinerator residue) generation. I believe that the majority jor barriers to overcome before very many would raise the cost of a plant for a city of a of them have the soundness of judgment communit ies will be able to put to work the million to about $7.2 million. to analyze critical State and local issues recycling processes developed in Edmonston. This more sophisticated, raw-refuse proc and to take meaningful intelligent posi "In many cities, just getting out from under ess is yet to be perfected, however. But Max the refuse-disposal problems that they have tions on them. Spendlove says it's just a question of time. Second, to limit the suffrage of 18- right now will put them off," he says. "And Working on the mechanical problems in I am assuming rthat, whenever a recycling volved is simple, compared to the obstacles year-olds to only Federal elections is non plant is built, it will be a combined ef in other phases of waste management-for sensical. Eighteen-year-olds have as fort-a combination of city and state or example, taking almost invisible pollutants much at stake in the elections of Gov federal governments and perhaps even some out of air and water. "Solid waste is easy to ernors and mayors as they do in elect private interest. None of these relationships work on," says Spendlove. "You can put your ing Congressmen and Senators. has been determined, and it will take time. hands on it. You can do almost anything you Third, this split in suffrage will play But I'll be surprised if some serious pro want with it." posals don't start coming ln." havoc with State and local registration As for the recycling process itself. Spend systems. Officially will be required to keep love emphasizes that no esoteric machinery MAN'S INHUMANITY TO MAN two sets of listings-a separate one for or unusual new processes are involved. "All HOW LONG? voters eligible for national elections and the machinery we use is conventional," he a list of eligible voters for State and local says. "We just use the basic minerals-proc elections. essing techniques, but we've brought all the HON. WILLIAM J. SCHERLE Local government officials are already techniques together to work on urban ore." OF IOWA overburdened with Federal redtape. In There are three basic operations: 1. Shred ding and grinding the incinerator residue IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES addition, registration bookkeeping will into small particles. 2. Separating out dl1fer· Friday, January 22, 1971 be costly and extremely impractical to ent materials with magnets and screens of administer. different sizes. 3. Washing to remove dust Mr. SCHERLE. Mr. Speaker, a child For these reasons, I, and 34 of my col particles. asks: "Where is daddy?" A mother asks: leagues, are introducing a House joint January 22, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 261 resolution proposing a constitutional the common man without the 1-cent I wish to thank you for inviting me here amendment that will provide for the full postcard. today to testify on the changing economic Consequently, I have introduced leg conditions in our nation and its impact on enfranchisement of the 18-year-old our city, Newark, New Jersey. You have asked voter. This amendment will prohibit the islation today on this first day of the me to address myself to four questions, the States from abridging the rights of citi 92d Congress which amends the Postal first of which deals with the financial prob zens of the United States who are 18 Reorganization Act to provide for 1-cent lems faced by my city. To briefly summarize years of age or older from voting in postal cards and postcards. the detailed statement which I have filed State and local elections. with you, Newark is faced with a budget I believe that this amendment is crisis that threatens to bankrupt the city. needed. I believe that it deserves prompt MAYOR OF NEWARK TESTIFIES BE Upon taking office in July of 1970, I found an consideration by both Houses of Con FORE THE JOINT ECONOMIC estimated deficit for 1971 of over 70 million COMMITTEE dollars, or over 40 % of the budget ($160 mil gress, and I believe that our State leg lion). The budget crisis was brought on by a islatures should ratify it with as much 10% decrease in city revenues and an in speed as possible. HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. crease of $50 Inillion in expenditures. The The following Members are cospon OF NEW JERSEY additional $50 Inillion, largely the result of sors of the resolution: mandated appropriations for essential mu IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nicipal services, raised the city's total ex LIST OF COSPONSORS Friday, January 22, 1971 penses for 1971 to $210 Inillion. To fill this Joseph Addabbo, New York. gap through increased property taxes, we Glenn Anderson, California.. Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, this morn would have had to raise the present rate, al Thomas Ashley, Ohio. ing I had the privilege along wtth Con ready one of the highest in the nation, by Nick Begich, Alaska.. gressman JosEPH MINISH of introducing 50 percent (from $8.44 to $13.00 per $100 John Brademas, Indiana. the mayor of Newark, the Honorable assessed valuation). After months of study Jonathan Bingham, New York. Kenneth Gibson, to Chairman PROXMIRE and consultation, we finally opted for a series William Broomfield, Michigan. and the members of the Joint Economic of taxes on Newark's businesses and con James Burke, Massachusetts. sumers, in the form of occupancy, payroll, Charles Carney, Ohio. Committee. and sales taxes. We are aware that these are Shirley Chisholm, New York. Mayor Gibson was the leadoff wit highly discriminatory and regressive taxes, James Cleveland, New Hampshire. ness before the committee as it begins to and that they will further inhibit the eco Robert Drinan, Massachusetts. explore the question of changing na nomic growth potential of our city, but we William Ford, Michigan. tional economic conditions and their had no alternative. Edwin Forsythe, New Jersey. effect upon the major urban centers of Our deficit may run even larger than esti Don Fraser, Minnesota.. our Nation. Mayor Gibson's testimony mated. The teachers' union has presented Seymour Halpern, New York. was not only eloquent and convincing, demands which we estimate would more Lee Hamilton, Indiana.. than double the already skyrocketing school Walter Jones, North Carolina. but also shocking in its factual descrip budget of 90 million dollars. Police and fire Joseph Karth, Minnesota. tion of the degree of deterioration and men are also demanding more in contract Robert Leggett, California. the lack of financial resources to meet negotiations. We must also pay about 30 % Abner Mikva, Illinois. physical deterioration and impending of county expenses, and the county has Willla.m Moorhead, Pennsylvania. fiscal crises. budget requests for 1971 which amount to a. John Moss, California.. During this first 7 months of Mayor one-third increase over 1970. We must deal Andrew Jacobs, Indiana.. Gibson's tenure, he has resolutely and with these problems despite a. depression Paul McCloskey, California.. courageously faced critical problems that level unemployment rate of over 11 %, Thomas Rees, California. brought on in part by current fiscal policies, Benjamin Rosenthal, New York. have been building up for years. He and a business community which has cur Fred Rooney, Pennsylvania.. speaks for all Newark when he outlines tailed capit111l expansion due rto ran uncer J. Edward Roush, Indiana. not only the reasons for urban decay, tain economic future facing the city. B. F. Sisk, California.. but the hope and the optimism that are If we meet our deficit needs, we will only Charles Thone, Nebraska. necessary to overcome our dire circum be providing for the most basic of city serv Morris Udall, Arizona.. stances. ices-schools, public safety, health, welfare, Lionel Van Deerlin, California. I speak not only as a Representative and sanitation. Even if we succeed in filling Gus Yatron, Pennsylvania.. of the city of Newark, along with my the budget gap we wlll stlll be left with the problems of arresting physical deteriora colleague JoE MINISH, but also as a life tion and strengthening our people's faith in PENNY POSTCARD time resident of Newark. I have seen the ability of our institutions to respond in many changes in the city and I know hours of greatest need. Our $210 million city how strongly the people of Newark feel. budget doesn't begin to solve the problems HON. HENRY B. GONZALEZ I know on a firsthand basis the pride of the 40 % of our labor force which is un OF TEXAS they feel about their homes and their employed or underemployed, or the 30% on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES neighborhoods, even in the face of seem welfare. Neither does it rebuild the 30 % of ingly insurmountable problems. The city Newark's housing stock which is sub-stand Friday, January 22, 1971 of Newark must not die. If it does, it will ard or the 50% of Newark's schools which Mr. GONZALEZ. Mr. Speaker, during were built over 60 years ago. serve as the deathknell to similar urban These are the facts. It is said that facts the 91st Congress I first introduced leg centers throughout our Nation. don't lie. But all too often facts don't compel islation which would reestablish the pen The problems of Newark, as Mayor one to action. Yet action is what is needed. ny postcard. Gibson so effectively points out, repre When all the witnesses before this distin There were some who were amazed sent in a large measure the problems guished committee have concluded their that I would make such a proposal in of all American cities. When we speak of testimony, you will not have heard anything this time of increasing high cost. Some the necessity for acting quickly and when that you have not heard many times before. might scoof that the Post Office will we speak of the urgency of Newark's All of the major areas of concern have been never break even at that rate. problems, we are also speaking of the endlessly studied. I have before me copies of our Model Cities proposals, copies of our However, from others-literally world urgency of urban problems everywhere Community Renewal Program, copies of the wide-there was instant and gratifying in America. Report of the President's Commission on praise. At last someone had thought of I sincerely hope that my colleagues Civil Disorders, copies of the Governor's the common man, they said. in the House will hear the message that Commission on Civil Disorders, and literall:Y It is my way, Mr. Speaker, to provide Mayor Gibson delivered to the Joint hundreds of other studies and official com at least one way-at least one avenue of Economic Committee and that the 92d mission reports which fully document communication-for the poor pension Congress will be responsive to the needs Newark's problems and suggest immediate er a'.1.d the poorest of the poor of our of Newark and the cities of America. and long-range solutions. Information and land. The testimony follows: knowledge of conditions and problems are not what is needed. The information has been With the rate of first-class mail as STATEMENT OF THE HONORABLE KENNETH A. available for years, yet the decline of Amer high as it is, with the telephone and GIBSON ica's urban centers has continued at a re telegraph rates out of sight for count Mr. Chairman and members of the com lentless pace. What is needed now is the will less numbers, there is nothing left for mittee: to do something about it. 262 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1971 In 1968, for instance, Congress set a 10- lions of dollars necessary to do the job. The terms of the city's competitive economic posi year goal of 26 million new and rehabilitated urgency of the problems demand action now; tion and absolute economic standing. dwelling units. Two years later, we find our the magnitude of the problems demand vast Throughout the post-war period, Newark, selves already 650,000 units short (or 15% ) , reallocation of resources. like most other large cities in the Northeast, and talk is spreading of holding back $200 I caution you, distinguished Congressmen has functioned as a processing and service million in previously committed Urban Re and Senators. Do not misunderstand the im center for the economically deprived. While newal funds. Efficient and balanced urban plications of urban decay and collapse. As I population has remaJned relatively constant, mass transportation which would stimulate have said many times befo::e, "Wherever the a.ffiuent and Iniddle classes have moved desirable economic and social trends was an America's cities are going, Newark will get out of Newark in large numbers. They have other lofty goal, and yet of $7.7 billion which there first." been replaced by migrants with lower level the Administration requested for federal aid We are not talking only of saving the New employment skills who require additional to transportation in 1971, only 2% (0.15 arks of America; we are talking of saving social services which strain the city's finan billion) was devoted to urban mass transit. America itself. cial resources. Those who acquire skills and The list of goals and the score-card on become absorbed into the economy of the performance is a shocking indictment of this PREPARED TESTIMONY OF THE HONORABLE area often move out of the city, only to be nation's failure to respond to the urgency of KENNETH A. GIBSON, MAYOR OF NEWARK, replaced by others, less skilled, who quickly the crisis. What is lacking Is the resolution NEW JERSEY, BEFORE THE HEARINGS OF THE begin, once again, the struggle for economic of the House, the Senate, the President, the JOINT ECONOMIC COMMITTEE OF THE 92D status and self-sufficiency. The process of state legislatures, the governors, local of CoNGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES continual turn-over in the semi-skllled and ficials and private industry to act before it NEWARK, N.J.: A STATISTICAL PROFILE unskilled, highly transient population results is too late. 1. The largest city in the nation's most in constant transfer of properties and fur I am not anxious to make this the first urban state ther compounds the problems of urban de of many annual appearances before Congres 2. Population: 400,000 (approximately) terioration. sional committees to ask for money handouts 3. Population distribution: 60% bla.ck, 11% The City of Newark has been able to pro or to appeal for a. recognition of the crisis of Spanish-speaking, 29% white (largely eth vide fewer and fewer employment opportu urban America. It grieves me to lay bare nic) nities for its residents. The manufacturing before the nation and the world the ills of 4. 80,000 school children: 85% black and industry, long the source of training for the our city; the city for whose health and wel Spanish -speaking unskilled and semi-skllled, has declined al fare I am responsible. The only reason I come 5. Land: 24 square miles (Newark Airport most 25% in the past twenty years and is here today is to petition you again, as so occupies nearly 8 sq. miles). 60% of land now at a point where it can no longer pro many others have done in the past, to rec area is tax-exempt vide an adequate pool of employment. The ognize the obligation of the Federal Govern 6. Unemployment: 11.1% (January 1971) only appreci-able increase in employment has ment to meet the needs of the people of this 7. Public Assistance Recipients: 114,000 been in the service sector, but even In this country, the majority of whom now live in (January 1971) 30% of Newark's popula area Newark's growth rate is only one-half urban areas. If this test imony helps to con tion that of the other cities in the region. It is vey the needed sense of urgency concerning 8. Highest crime rate in the nation important to note that whatever the increase the crisis of our city, in fact all cities, then 9. Highest per capita incidence of venereal In this sector, it has had little effect on the this trip has been worthwhile-provided that disease and infant mortality in the nation. total employment picture in Newark since sense of urgency Is quickly followed by ap 10. Annual budget: $161,000,000. (1970) little effort has been made to train the un propriate action. 11. Real estate tax rate: $8.44 per $100 of skilled and semi-skilled for employment in The areas of action are clear. They in assessed valuation (among the highest in this field. clude revenue sharing, federal assumption of the nation). National economic policies, particularly welfare in the form of an adequate f amily 12. Anticipated deficit: $70 milUon ( 11}71), credit stringency and the high cost of bor maintenance program, expediting the con 43 % of the operating budget. rowing, have seriously impaired the city's struction of housing, providing increased aid These are just a few of the important a.bllity to reverse or even stabil1ze this de for education, passage of a. bold manpower statistics which comprise Newark's two clining trend. Newark has now reached a bil1, and other well-known programs. dimensional profile. These are a few of the critical point in terms of maintaining its Lost in the national debate on welfare re facts which suggest that the commercial, position as an industrial and commercial form and revenue sharing is this needed sense industrial, social and cultural hub o! the center. Non-residential construction starts in of urgency-of aggressive and affirmative na State of New Jersey may also be the most the city during 1970 were 30% lower than tional commitment. Lost in the rhetoric of decayed and financially crippled city in tha they were in 1969, as compared to a Il'8.tional debate is the simple truth that cities across nation. decrease of only 4%. To further illustrate the nation are fighting just to stay alive-to To fully ccmprehend the reasons for New this decline, according to a recent Chamber pay the pollee, the firemen, the teachers, and ark's present state of decay, one must first of Commerce study, 41% of the businesses the basic service employees. America's pri examine Newark's past. Newark was a central in Newark found it necessary to curtail ex orities must reflect a commitment to urban point of development in one of the oldest pansion of capital facllities during 1970. America. They must reflect the simple truth and most highly urbanized areas in the Finally, and perhaps most significant of all, that human resources are America's greatest country. The City began as a sub-region of of the businesses included in the Chamber's asset, and that our greatest hope lies in the the New York metro-trade region. In the study, only 38% showed an increase in profit healthy development of all our people. nineteenth century it rose as a manufactur during the past year. The national economic The scope of urban problems has been well ing center, specializing within the region in downturn, which comes at a time when documented. I have before me countless re certain industries. In the first half of the many of the city's businesses are at a mar ports which analyze the problems of our twentiet h century it became a white collar ginal profit level, when capital expansion Is urban centers--crime, infant mortality, sub office cent er again specializing in certain ac at a dangerously low rate, and when the standard housing, unemployment, welfare, tivities, primarily the insurance business, city's employment growth rate Is consider mlseducation. These thousands of pages of government and non-profit industries. ably lower than that of the surrounding expert study and evaulation of the deteriora Newark is a sub-regional center with a area, seriously threatens the possibility ar tion of our cities indicate a national recog weak "pull" on its hinterland. Newark sub any future ~nomic recovery. nition of the crisis. One need not be an ex urbs are close to the center of the city and The employment picture in Newark 1s pert, however, to realize that all the studies they are highly developed. The City, however, equally dismal. Traditionally, city residents in the world wm not give one child the proper never established a sufficient concentration have found the greatest employment op education, one unemployed man a decent of skilled labor or a monopoly on professional portunities in the manufacturing industry. job, or one welfare family safe housing and and business services, retail sales, or employ Yet manufacturing has steadily declined in a. hope for the future. Without the commit ment in an y sector to give it dominance in Newark. The service field, on the other hand, ment of massive public and private resources the sub-region or allow it to exert any strong has grown over the past two decades. The dedicated to the physical and human revital centralizing influence. Consequently, we now new positions in this sector, however, require ization of our cities, millions of Americans find that J>€Ople and industry show no re a degree of skill found mostly among the will continue to live in despair and poverty. luctance to move out of the city. In 1968 suburbanites. Consequently, although em America's greatness has been its ability not the outlying areas led Newark in rate of ployment within the city has remained rela only to recognize problems and accept chal industrial ~;rowth not only in the manu tively constant, an ever increasing percentage lenges, but to commit the American will and facturing sector (a .typical ur:ban growth phe of those employed in Newark are commuters. the vast American resources to achieve a nomenon), but also in all other sectors ex Current statistics reveal that 15,000 people, common goal. When America made a com cept transportation. Whereas New York City or over 11% of the resident labor force, are mitment to be the first nation to land a man and other large cities have established suf presently unemployed. Another 35,000 people on the moon, we devoted $25 billion to reach ficient regional dominance to survive decen are employed either full-time or part-time ing the objective. To begin to realistically tralizing trends, Newark apparently has not. at a rate of under $3000 per annum. Still an confront the urban challenge, we as a nation This situation t ends to make national eco other 17,000 are being underutilized. Hard must be prepared to expend the tens of bil- nomic downturns especially hard-felt in statistics reflects a human tragedy: One out January 22, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 263 of every two people in Newark interested in tantly and to place this discuSBion in its sion era. The resources with which to provide jobs cannot find adequate employment. It is proper framework, let me point out that even safe, efficient new schools, to assure every difficult to conceive of a more drastic sltua if we succeed in fllling this budget gap, we citizen an adequate, sound dwelling unit, ton that what has just been described, yet it will still be left With the problems of ar and to support all our people at adequate should be pointed out that youths aged 1&-22 resting the physical deterioration of our maintenance levels, are simply not to be make up 30% of those without adequate city and strengthening our people's faith in found within the confines of the City of employment. Further, unemployment for the ability of our institutions to provide Newark. youths of that age is at an alarming 34%. essential services. That we have thus far The cry from Newark is becoming the all The future of Newark and every other city failed to fulfill our obligation to the citi too fam1liar appeal for national solutions is in their hands! zenry of Newark is evident in every aspect of to urban problems. The cry can only be Newark's financial difficulties extend be urban life. answered by the Congress, the Senate, the yond the private sector into the public sector. For instance, in education, which I have President, the State Legislatures, the Gover The present budget crisis, which threatens personally declared my number one priority nors, local officials, and private industry to bankrupt the city, was brought on by a item, we are saddled with an ancient phys and the answer must be a bold, affirmative 10% decrease in city revenues coupled with ical plant and an inadequate per pupil mu commitment to act before it is too late. an increase of $50 million in expenditures, nicipal expenditure. In an area where it is I caution you: do not misunderstand the bringing the total deficit to $70 million. The generally agreed the need for compensatory implications of urban decay and collapse. additional $50 milllon in expenditures, large and innovative programs for the inner-city As I have said many times before, "Wherever ly mandated appropriations for essential resident is most badly needed, Newark has not America's cities are going, Newark will get municipal services, raised the city's total ex been able to match suburban areas in per there first." We are not only talking about penses for 1970 to $211 million. Tragically, pupil average expenditures; we spend less saving the Newarks of America. we are talk even this sum will not begin to slow the than $650 in educating each pupil, as com ing of saVing America itself. physical decay of the city, or measurably pared to an average expenditure of over $800 improve the quality of life of the city's resi- RECOMMENDATIONS 1n suburban Jersey districts. OUr physical To remedy the llls which afHict Newark dents. structures were allowed to deteriorate for Upon taking office, I was faced With three and the other urban centers of our country, many years-between 1930 and 1955, for in I propose the following: alternatives to solve our financial dilemma. stance, only three new elementary schools The first alternative was to raise Newark's were constructed. Of Newark's eighty-four A. Employment property tax by 50%. I rejected this possi schools, almost half were built over sixty 1. The p1·esent system at unemployment bility for many reasons, primarily because years ago. And while there is no direct cor compensation should be modified so as to Newark's property tax is presently among the relation between drop-out rates and new provide higher benefits and a longer period highest in the nation, and considered con school buildings, it seems clear to me that of eligibil1ty during inflationary and high fiscatory by experts. Property owners are a city with one of the highest high school unemployment periods and/or in areas of already abandoning property in such large drop-out rates in the country (24%) must be high unemployment. numbers that the city can only collect 88% able to utilize enormous resources for phys 2. The Comprehensive Manpower Training of what it levies (compared to 97% for New ical rehabilitation and innovative programs Act of 1970 should be enacted so as to pro York City). When the city takes over prop if the classroom is to become once again a vide the needed employment and training erty and attempts to sell it for taxes, no one meaningful and productive learning environ for many disadvantaged city dwellers. wants to buy it. (A recent sale of 400 prop ment for all our inner-city children. B. Welfare reform erties had buyers for less than a dozen.) As In housing, Newark's needs appear even a result, the city is forced to collect rents 1. The Federal Government should assume more staggering. Nearly eighty per cent of the full cost of all public assistance pro on abandoned properties to cover ta~es. and our dwelling units are at least forty years is fast becoming the biggest landlord in the grams, thus insuring equal treatment old (and the great majority of these are throughout the country. city. wooden frame dwellings). As of 1967, thirty The second alternative was to enact an 2. The present proposed minimum support earnings tax which would have required per cent of the city's housing supply, or levels should be dramatically raised so as to suburbanites who work in Newark to share about 41,000 units, were clearly sub recognize the increased cost of providing a 1n its financial burdens. I considered this standard; that is, they could not be rehabill decent and adequate standard of liVing. alternative the most equitable because tated and had to be totally replaced. And 3. Welfare reform should be coupled With while the process of physical deterioration a universally-available network of day care Newark provides employment for more non continues largely unabated, and while the residents, giVing the city one of the h~ghest centers. commuting rates in the country. This mflux demand for shelter increases sharply, sub 0. Housing results in an overtaxing of the city's physical stantial resources have not yet been har nessed to make an impact on the problem. A 1. Congress should declare "Housing Dis facilities-roads, police, hospitals, and fire aster Areas" for various sections of the coun departments-which is extremely difficult to dramatic illustriation is that residential con struction in Newark declined from $3,982,000 try, specifically in urban areas. This would finance With our meager tax base. Unfortu include massive infusion of monies for land nately, this proposal was summarily rejected in 1969 to only $165,000 in 1970. The unemployment crises which has acquisition and assembly, housing develop by the suburban-dominated New Jersey ment, mortgage subsidies, employment tram legislature. plagued Newark has had a marked effect on ing, etc. The third alternative was a self-help pro welfare programs. Presently over 114,000 of Newark's 400,000 residents, fully 30% of its 2. All future federally funded housing gram whereby the city of Newark would Im should be available for sale, not rental. This pose a series of taxes on payroll, occupancy, population, is receiving some form of public assistance. Both the percentage and the would eliminate absentee landlord problems and sales. We realized that these temporary and instlll a sense of "pride ln ownership" measures were regressive and discriminatory absolute numbers are increasing. Welfare costs in the city have risen from $42 million which is now totally lacking. and would further inhibit the economic 3. All federal housing programs should growth potential of the city, but they were in 1966 to $87 mlllion in 1970. The list of problems, the areas which are strive to recreate the neighborhood concept, preferable to the destruction of Newark once indigenous to the nation's urban through increases in the confiscatory prop in desperate need of new money, runs the full spectrum of city serVices and basic urban centers. erty taxes or municipal bankruptcy. If we D. Revenue sharing were to adopt these measures, we would still institutions. In recreation, Newark has less face a $35 million deficit. And this deficit, acreage per 1,000 population than any other 1. The Congress should enact immediately to repeat, merely reflects mandated increases "old" city within the New York region. The a revenue sharing program. This should not in services and decline in revenues, and does streets and sidewalks of Newark are in desper replace existing categorical programs but not reflect any new or innovative programs ate need of renovation. 54% of Newark's should be "new" money with a committee of or any significant improvement in the liVing sewers are 75 to 100 years old. Effective law Congressmen and Senators appointed to conditions within our city. enforcement may be impaired without con oversee the expenditure of funds. OUr deficit for 1971 may be even larger siderable expansion of the city's 1400-man E. Health than estimated. The teachers union has pre department, and the Fire Department is 1. A national health insurance plan should sented demands which we have estimated handicapped by deficient maintenance and be enacted as soon as possible. would more than double the already sky the lack of a fire training center. Finally, in rocketing school budget of $90 million. Po the all-important fight against pollution, F. Private industry llee and firemen are also demanding more in Newark has been forced into the role of 1. Congress should enact legislation where contract negotiations. (Contracts with muni spectator. by businesses are encouraged, through tax cipal unions were recently required by state Wh81t began in Newark 25 years ago as an incentives, to locate in the urban centers. law.) Furthermore, we must pay about 30% almost imperceptible decline of its educa This will allow the cities to restore their of county expenses and the county has tional faciUties and other essential services tax bases and encourage industry to take a budget requests for 1971 of $120 million, a hals resulted iln a physical, social and finan more energetic role in the reWJta.lization of one-third increase over 1970. More impor- cial 81trophy unmatched !in the post depres- our cities. 264 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 22, 1971 TABLE I.-EMPLOYMENT OF NEWARK RESIDENTS (A 5-YEAR COMPARISON) it is difficult to know how anyone could have improved on her job. 1971 1967 1968 1969 1970 (projected) In many instances, the press has been critical of bureaucracy in the Washing City of Newark: ton style. Frances Knight has been one Adequately employed __ ------76,071 73,621 71,171 67, 270 63,420 who has received almost universal ac 16,700 16,900 17, 100 17, 350 17,700 ~~!~~~~~~~yee~i>ioyed:::::: ::: :::::::: ::::::::::::::: 34,000 34,250 34, 500 35, 000 36,000 claim from the press for her efficiency, Unemployed _____ ------15,000 14,500 14,000 15,000 16,000 integrity, and perseverance-sometimes Not in the labor force but 16 years of age or older ______106, 862 106,862 106,862 106,862 106,865 under the most difficult circumstances. Under 16 years of age_------139,435 139,935 140, 435 140, 935 141,435 A few days ago, the Champaign Total population_------388,068 386.068 384, 068 382,417 381,417 Urbana News Gazette did write an edi Unemployment rate._.------10.6 10.4 10.2 11. 1 12.0 torial regarding Frances Knight, and I append it herewith. I am sure that my TABLE !I.-NEWARK'S REAL ESTATE TAXES (A 5-YEAR COMPARISON) colleagues will be happy to know that again, from the press, she has received an 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 accolade to which she is entitled: land ______------.---.-- $313, 000, 000 $289, 000, 000 $285, 000, 000 $283, 000, 000 $277,000,000 MRS. KNIGHT'S YULE MESSAGE Improvements on land ______954, 000, 000 958, 000, 000 941, 000, 000 936, 000, 000 890, 000, 000 Frances G. Knight, head of the United Taxable base ______1, 267,000,000 1, 247, 000,000 1, 226, 000, 000 1, 219,000,000 1, 167, 000, 000 States State Department's passport section, is a rarity among bureaucrats. She is outspoken, Rate ______5. 97 7. 76 7. 90 8. 30 8. 44 fearless in her determination to improve her section-which incidentally is one of the Tax imposed ____ ------74,000,000 97, 000,000 97,000,000 101,000,000 98,000,000 Tax collected •• ______------65,000,000 84,000,000 85,000,000 87,000,000 86,000,000 few offices in government which pay for themselves--and doesn't mind criticizing anyone who stands in her way. TABLE 111.-PUBLIC ASSISTANCE IN NEWARK (A 5-YEAR COMPARISON) Last Christmas Mrs. Knight sent out a letter, which was widely circulated, in 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 which she warned that passports would take two weeks to process unless her section Dollars expended in Newark ______$42,400,000 $52,100, ooo $60,000,000 $78, 400, 000 $87, 000,000 was granted additional funds. This Christmas Number of people receiving benefits______47,000 58 000 67,000 89,000 114,000 she sent out another explaining delays were cost to Newark.------$5,800,000 $7, 9oo: 000 $9, 100,000 $7,400, 000 $7,000,000 now as much as a month, and would get worse. EFFORT MADE TO END DRAFT paign designed to end the draft and replace That's typical bureaucratic progress, but it with an all-volunteer army. untypical honesty. Paul P. Christopher of Wakefield, who is HON. F. BRADFORD MORSE attending school on a full ROTC scholarship OF MASSACHUSETI'S and pla.ns a career in the armed services, has formed a campus group called the ROTC IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Action Committee. HON. WILLIAM MURPHY Friday, January 22, 1971 Composed of Christopher and two other Mr. MORSE. Mr. Speaker, the growing Norwich juniors, the group is sending anti HON. THOMAS P. O'NEILL, JR. draft litera.ture to senior ROTC cadets and OF MASSACHUSETTS public interest in the concept of an all class presidents at all 347 schools across the volunteer army is nowhere better exem country that have ROTC units. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES plified than in the efforts of a young Christopher is asking that a.ll109,900 ROTC Saturday, January 2, 1971 ROTC cadet, Paul P. Christopher, who cadets in the country write their congress comes from Wakefield, Mass. He plans men demanding an all-volunteer army. Mr. O'NEILL of Massachusetts. Mr. a career in the armed services. In 1967, Organizing crusades is nothing new to Speaker, it is indeed a privilege to join concerned with the effects that the anti Paul Christopher. In October of 1967 he my colleagues in paying tribute to my war protests were having on the morale organized a. Wakefield rally in support o:f good friend Congressman WILLIAM MuR servicemen in Vietnrun which was attended PHY of illinois who is retiring after 12 of our fighting men in Vietnam, he or by 50,000 persons. At the time, he was a high ganized a rally in Wakefield for the pur school student. years of dedicated service in the House. pose of demonstrating America's appre Now a business administration major, It has been an honor to benefit not only ciation of their service, their courage, Christopher wants to be a career officer and from his views and knowledge but from and their sacrifice. admits he would be better off fina.ncia.lly in his friendship as well. He is now organizing a letter-writing a volunteer army with higher benefits. BILL's reputation as a hard worker is But he has other motives. "The draft is well deserved. His service on the Foreign campaign designed to end the draft and antiquated," he said. "It is both unfair and to replace it with an all-volunteer army. Affairs Committee and particularly his unnecessary.'' Chairmanship of the Subcommittee on Paul is an outstanding young man, Also, Christopher believes that a volunteer Asian and Pacific Affairs reflects his con immensely concerned with the quality of army would "upgrade the quality of the life in America and the future of this armed services" and "improve the prestige of cern with the betterment of U.S. rela Nation. He is atune to the problems and the soldier." tions overseas. Yet his wisdom and con anxieties of youth, and has been working The letter-writing campaign bega.n only a cern with issues of national importance week and a. half ago, but already, Christopher have by no means affected his devotion hard to provide a channel by which they says, he has received 30 letters in response to his constituents. BILL is an outstand can express their views and make their and all are favorable. ing example of the Congressman who ef influence felt in the policymaking The other members of the group are John fectively serves both the national inter process. W. Walsh of Burlington and Joseph Donnelly est and the interests of his local con As one who sees in Paul's efforts the of Troy, N.Y., both juniors. stituency. His service on the Chicago kind of constructive, responsible, and City Council and in other important posts thoughtful action by which our youth MRS. KNIGHT'S YULE MESSAGE in that great city have provided him with can develop the leadership capabilities an insight on urban politics and prob they will need for the future, and as one lems that is greatly needed among pub who concurs with the need for an all HON. WILLIAM L. SPRINGER lic servants today. Chicago and his con volunteer army, I am delighted to call to OF ILLINOIS stituents have been most fortunate to be the attention of my colleagues in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES represented by such a man. They, as well House the following article which ap as BILL. Friday, January 22, 1971 the House, will surely miss peared in the Boston Record on Jan Mr. Speaker, I congratulate BILL MUR uary 2 of this year: Mr. SPRINGER. Mr. Speaker, through PHY on his exemplary career in public YOUTH STARTS ANTIDRAFT DRIVE the years, as many of us know from ex service and particularly upon his years (By De.ve O'Bris.n) perience, Frances Knight has done a as a Member of the House of Represent A 22-year-old junior at Norwich University marvelous job as head of the U.S. State atives. I warmly wish him the best of tn Vermont bras started a letter-writing oo..m- Department's passport section. In fact, success in the years ahead.
Extensions of Remarks
