814 Part 174—Carriage by Rail

Pt. 173, App. I 49 CFR Ch. I (10–1–20 Edition)

NOTE TO PARAGRAPH 6 OF THIS APPENDIX: material must be deemed to sustain combus- Intermittent flashing may not be interpreted tion. as sustained combustion. Normally, at the [Amdt. 173–241, 59 FR 67517, Dec. 29, 1994, as end of 15 s, the combustion has either clearly amended by Amdt. 173–255, 61 FR 50627, Sept. ceased or continues. In cases of doubt, the 26, 1996; 66 FR 45381, Aug. 28, 2001; 68 FR 75747, Dec. 31, 2003; 69 FR 76179, Dec. 20, 2004; 71 FR 78634, Dec. 29, 2006]

APPENDIX I TO PART 173—CALCULATION METHOD

[85 FR 27897, May 11, 2020] 174.16 Removal and disposition of hazardous materials at destination. PART 174—CARRIAGE BY RAIL 174.20 Local or carrier restrictions. Subpart B—General Operating Subpart A—General Requirements Requirements

Sec. 174.24 Shipping papers. 174.1 Purpose and scope. 174.26 Notice to train crews. 174.2 Limitation on actions by states, local 174.50 Nonconforming or leaking packages. governments, and Indian tribes. 174.3 Unacceptable hazardous materials Subpart C—General Handling and Loading shipments. Requirements 174.5 Carrier’s materials and supplies. 174.9 Safety and security inspection and ac- 174.55 General requirements. ceptance. 174.57 Cleaning cars. 174.14 Movements to be expedited. 174.59 Marking and placarding of rail cars.

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174.61 Transport vehicles and freight con- Subpart G—Detailed Requirements for tainers on flat cars. Class 3 (Flammable Liquid) Materials 174.63 Portable tanks, IM portable tanks, IBCs, Large Packagings, cargo tanks, 174.300 Special handling requirements. and multi-unit tank car tanks. 174.304 Class 3 (flammable liquid) materials 174.67 Tank car unloading. in tank cars. 174.81 Segregation of hazardous materials. 174.310 Requirements for the operation of high-hazard flammable trains. Subpart D—Handling of Placarded Rail 174.312 HHFT information sharing notification for emergency response planning. Cars, Transport Vehicles and Freight Containers Subparts H–I [Reserved] 174.82 General requirements for the han- Subpart J—Detailed Requirements for dling of placarded rail cars, transport ve- Division 6.1 (Poisonous) Materials hicles, freight containers, and bulk packages. 174.600 Special handling requirements for 174.83 Switching placarded rail cars, trans- materials extremely poisonous by inha- port vehicles, freight containers, and lation. bulk packagings. 174.615 Cleaning cars. 174.84 Position in train of loaded placarded 174.680 Division 6.1 (poisonous) materials rail cars, transport vehicles, freight con- with foodstuffs. tainers or bulk packagings when accompanied by guards or technical escorts. Subpart K—Detailed Requirements for 174.85 Position in train of placarded cars, Class 7 (Radioactive) Materials transport vehicles, freight containers, 174.700 Special handling requirements for and bulk packagings. Class 7 (radioactive) materials. 174.86 Maximum allowable operating speed. 174.715 Cleanliness of transport vehicles after use. Subpart E—Class I (Explosive) Materials 174.750 Incidents involving leakage. 174.101 Loading Class 1 (explosive) mate- AUTHORITY: 49 U.S.C. 5101–5128; 33 U.S.C. rials. 1321; 49 CFR 1.81 and 1.97. 174.102 Forbidden mixed loading and storage. Subpart A—General Requirements 174.103 Disposition of damaged or astray shipments. § 174.1 Purpose and scope. 174.104 Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) mate- This part prescribes requirements in rials; car selection, preparation, inspec- addition to those contained in parts tion, and certification. 171, 172, 173, and 179 of this subchapter, 174.105 Routing shipments, Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) materials. to be observed with respect to the 174.106 ‘‘Order-Notify’’ or ‘‘C.O.D.’’ ship- transportation of hazardous materials ments, Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) ma- in or on rail cars. terials. [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as 174.110 Car magazine. amended by Amdt. 174–26A, 41 FR 40685, Sept. 174.112 Loading Division 1.3 and Division 1.2 20, 1976; Amdt. 174–74, 58 FR 51533, Oct. 1, (explosive) materials (Also see § 174.101). 1993] 174.114 Record to be made of change of seals on ‘‘Cars loaded with Division 1.1 or 1.2 § 174.2 Limitation on actions by states, (explosive) materials’’. local governments, and Indian 174.115 Loading Division 1.4 (explosive) ma- tribes. terials. Sections 5125 and 20106 of Title 49, United States Code, limit the author- Subpart F—Detailed Requirements for Class ity of states, political subdivisions of 2 (Gases) Materials states, and Indian tribes to impose re- 174.200 Special handling requirements. quirements on the transportation of 174.201 Class 2 (gases) material cylinders. hazardous materials in commerce. A 174.204 Tank car delivery of gases, including state, local, or Indian tribe require- cryogenic liquids. ment on the transportation of haz- 174.290 Materials extremely poisonous by ardous materials by rail may be pre- inhalation shipped by, for, or to the De- empted under either 49 U.S.C. 5125 or partment of Defense. 20106, or both.

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(a) Section 171.1(f) of this subchapter portation or placed in a train, the car- describes the circumstances under rier must inspect each rail car con- which 49 U.S.C. 5125 preempts a re- taining the hazardous material, at quirement of a state, political subdivi- ground level, for required markings, la- sion of a state, or Indian tribe. bels, placards, securement of closures, (b) Under the Federal Railroad Safe- and leakage. These inspections may be ty Act (49 U.S.C. 20106), administered performed in conjunction with inspec- by the Federal Railroad Administra- tions required under parts 215 and 232 tion (see 49 CFR parts 200 through 244), of this title. laws, regulations and orders related to (b) For each rail car containing an railroad safety, including security, amount of hazardous material requir- shall be nationally uniform to the extent practicable. A state may adopt, or ing placarding in accordance with continue in force, a law, regulation, or § 172.504 of this subchapter, the carrier order covering the same subject matter must visually inspect the rail car at as a DOT regulation or order applicable ground level for signs of tampering, in- to railroad safety and security (includ- cluding closures and seals, for sus- ing the requirements in this subpart) picious items or items that do not be- only when an additional or more strin- long, and for other signs that the secu- gent state law, regulation, or order is rity of the car may have been com- necessary to eliminate or reduce an es- promised, including the presence of an sentially local safety or security haz- improvised explosive device. As used in ard; is not incompatible with a law, this section, an improvised explosive regulation, or order of the United device is a device fabricated in an im- States Government; and does not un- provised manner incorporating explo- reasonably burden interstate com- sives or destructive, lethal, noxious, merce. pyrotechnic, or incendiary chemicals [74 FR 1801, Jan. 13, 2009] in its design, and generally includes a power supply, a switch or timer, and a § 174.3 Unacceptable hazardous mate- detonator or initiator. The carrier rials shipments. should be particularly attentive to No person may accept for transpor- signs that security may have been tation or transport by rail any ship- compromised on rail cars transporting ment of hazardous material that is not materials covered by § 172.820 of this in conformance with the requirements subchapter, rail carload quantities of of this subchapter. ammonium nitrate or ammonium nitrate mixtures in solid form, or haz- [Amdt. 174–83, 61 FR 28677, June 5, 1996] ardous materials of interest based on § 174.5 Carrier’s materials and sup- current threat information. plies. (c) If a rail car does not conform to This subchapter applies to the trans- the safety and security requirements of portation of a carrier’s materials and this subchapter, the carrier may not supplies moving by rail, except that forward or transport the rail car until the shipper’s certification is not re- the deficiencies are corrected or the quired when these materials and sup- car is approved for movement in ac- plies are being transported by the car- cordance with § 174.50. rier who owns them. The requirements (d) Where an indication of tampering of this subchapter do not apply to rail- or suspicious item is found, a carrier way torpedoes or fusees when carried must take appropriate action to ensure in engines or rail cars. Railway tor- the security of the rail car and its con- pedoes must be in closed metal boxes tents have not been compromised be- when not in use. fore accepting the rail car for further [Amdt. 174–26B, 41 FR 57071, Dec. 30, 1976] movement. If the carrier determines that the security of the rail car has § 174.9 Safety and security inspection been compromised, the carrier must and acceptance. take action, in conformance with its (a) At each location where a haz- existing security plan (see subpart I of ardous material is accepted for trans- part 172 of this subchapter) to address

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the security issues before forwarding (2) Hazardous materials, except Division the rail car for further movement. 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) materials, in carload shipments: By storage on the carrier’s [73 FR 20773, Apr. 16, 2008] property; by storage on other than the § 174.14 Movements to be expedited. carrier’s property, if safe storage on the carrier’s property is not available; (a) A carrier must forward each ship- or by sale at expiration of 15 calendar ment of hazardous materials promptly days after notice of arrival has been and within 48 hours (Saturdays, Sun- sent or given to the consignee, pro- days, and holidays excluded), after ac- vided the consignor has been notified of ceptance at the originating point or re- the non-delivery at the expiration of a ceipt at any yard, transfer station, or 48-hour period and orders for disposi- interchange point, except that where tion have not been received. biweekly or weekly service only is per- (3) Hazardous materials, except Division formed, a shipment of hazardous mate- 1.1 or 1.2 (Class A explosive) materials, in rials must be forwarded on the first less-than-carload shipments: By return available train. to the shipper if notice of non-delivery (b) A tank car loaded with any Divi- was requested and given the consignor sion 2.1 (flammable gas), Division 2.3 as prescribed by the carrier’s tariff, (poisonous gas) or Class 3 (flammable and orders for return to shipper have liquid) material, may not be received been received; by storage on the car- and held at any point, subject to for- rier’s property; by storage on other warding orders, so as to defeat the pur- than the carrier’s property, if safe stor- pose of this section or of § 174.204 of this age on carrier’s property is not avail- subchapter. able; or by sale at expiration of 15 cal- [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as endar days after notice of arrival has amended by Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52677, Dec. been sent or given to the consignee, 21, 1990] provided the consignor has been notified of non-delivery at expiration of a § 174.16 Removal and disposition of 48–hour period and orders for disposi- hazardous materials at destination. tion have not been received. (a) Delivery at non-agency stations. A [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as shipment of Class 1 (explosive) mate- amended by Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52677, Dec. rials may not be unloaded at non-agen- 21, 1990; 66 FR 45383, Aug. 28, 2001] cy stations unless the consignee is there to receive it or unless properly § 174.20 Local or carrier restrictions. locked and secure storage facilities are (a) When local conditions make the provided at that point for its protec- acceptance, transportation, or delivery tion. If delivery cannot be so made, the of hazardous materials unusually haz- shipment must be taken to next or ardous, local restrictions may be im- nearest agency station for delivery. posed by the carrier. (b) Delivery at agency stations. A car- (b) Each carrier must report to the rier shall require the consignee of each Bureau of Explosives for publication shipment of hazardous materials to re- the full information as to any restric- move the shipment from carrier’s prop- tions which it imposes against the ac- erty within 48 hours (exclusive of Sat- ceptance, delivery, or transportation of urdays, Sundays, and holidays) after hazardous materials, over any portion notice of arrival has been sent or given. of its lines under this section. If not so removed, the carrier shall immediately dispose of the shipments as [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976] follows: (1) Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) mate- Subpart B—General Operating rials: If safe storage is available, by Requirements storage at the owner’s expense; if safe storage is not available, by return to § 174.24 Shipping papers. the shipper, sale, or destruction under (a) A person may not accept a haz- supervision of a competent person; or if ardous material for transportation or safety requires, by destruction under transport a hazardous material by rail supervision of a competent person. unless that person receives a shipping

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paper prepared in accordance with part the requirements in § 172.604(b) applica- 172 of this subchapter, unless the mate- ble to emergency response information. rial is excepted from shipping paper re- [Amdt. 174–84, 62 FR 1236, Jan. 8, 1997, as quirements under this subchapter. amended at 74 FR 53423, Oct. 19, 2009] Only an initial carrier within the United States must receive and retain § 174.50 Nonconforming or leaking a copy of the shipper’s certification as packages. required by § 172.204 of this subchapter. A leaking non-bulk package may not This section does not apply to a mate- be forwarded until repaired, recondi- rial that is excepted from shipping tioned, or overpacked in accordance paper requirements by this subchapter. with § 173.3 of this subchapter. Except (b) Each person receiving a shipping as otherwise provided in this section, a paper required by this section must re- bulk packaging that no longer contain a copy or an electronic image forms to this subchapter may not be thereof, that is accessible at or forwarded by rail unless repaired or ap- through its principal place of business proved for movement by the Associate and must make the shipping paper Administrator for Safety, Federal Rail- available, upon request, to an author- road Administration, or for cross-bor- ized official of a Federal, State, or der movements to or from Canada, local government agency at reasonable moved in accordance with the TDG times and locations. For a hazardous Regulations (see § 171.12) or a Tem- waste, each shipping paper copy must porary Certificate issued by the Com- be retained for three years after the petent Authority of Canada, as applica- material is accepted by the initial car- ble. For FRA Approval, notification rier. For all other hazardous materials, and approval must be in writing, or each shipping paper copy must be re- through telephonic or electronic tained for one year after the material means, with subsequent written con- is accepted by the initial carrier. Each firmation provided within two weeks. shipping paper copy must include the For the applicable address and tele- date of acceptance by the initial car- phone number, see § 107.117(d)(4) of this rier. The date on the shipping paper chapter. A leaking bulk package con- may be the date a shipper notifies the taining a hazardous material may be rail carrier that a shipment is ready moved without repair or approval only for transportation, as indicated on the so far as necessary to reduce or to waybill or bill of lading, as an alter- eliminate an immediate threat or harm native to the date the shipment is to human health or to the environment picked up, or accepted, by the carrier. when it is determined its movement would provide greater safety than al- [67 FR 46128, July 12, 2002, as amended at 67 lowing the package to remain in place. FR 66574, Nov. 1, 2002; 70 FR 73165, Dec. 9, In the case of a liquid leak, measures 2005] must be taken to prevent the spread of § 174.26 Notice to train crews. liquid. (a) The train crew must have a docu- [85 FR 27897, May 11, 2020] ment that reflects the current position in the train of each rail car containing Subpart C—General Handling and a hazardous material. The train crew Loading Requirements must update the document to indicate changes in the placement of a rail car § 174.55 General requirements. within the train. For example, the (a) Each package containing a haz- train crew may update the document ardous material being transported by by handwriting on it or by appending rail in a freight container or transport or attaching another document to it. vehicle must be loaded so that it can- (b) A member of the crew of a train not fall or slide and must be safe- transporting a hazardous material guarded in such a manner that other must have a copy of a document for the freight cannot fall onto or slide into it hazardous material being transported under conditions normally incident to showing the information required by transportation. When this protection part 172 of this subchapter, including cannot be provided by using other

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freight, it must be provided by block- § 174.61 Transport vehicles and freight ing and bracing. For examples of block- containers on flat cars. ing and bracing in freight containers (a) A transport vehicle, freight con- and transport vehicles, see Bureau of tainer, or package containing a haz- Explosives Pamphlet No. 6 and the ardous material must be designed and Intermodal Loading Guide for Products loaded so that it will not become dam- in Closed Trailers and Containers (IBR, aged to an extent that would affect its see § 171.7 of this subchapter). integrity under conditions normally in- (b) Each package containing a haz- cident to transportation. Each unit ardous material bearing package ori- must be secured on a flatcar so that it entation markings prescribed in cannot permanently change position § 172.312 of this subchapter must be during transit. Packages of hazardous loaded within a transport vehicle or materials contained therein must be freight container to remain in the cor- loaded and braced as provided by rect position indicated by those mark- §§ 174.101, 174.112, 174.115 and 174.55. ings during transportation. Placards must be applied when pre- (c) The doors of a freight container or scribed by part 172 of this subchapter and part 174. transport vehicle may not be used to (b) Except as specified in § 173.21, a secure a load that includes a package truck body, trailer, or freight con- containing a hazardous material unless tainer equipped with heating or refrig- the doors meet the design strength re- erating equipment which has fuel or quirements of Specification M–930 (for any article classed as a hazardous ma- freight containers) and M–931 (for trail- terial may be loaded and transported ers) in the AAR’s specification for on a flat car as part of a joint rail high- ‘‘Specially Equipped Freight Car and way movement. The heating or refrig- Intermodal Equipment’’ (IBR, see erating equipment is considered to be a § 171.7 of this subchapter) and the load part of the truck body or trailer and is is also within the limits of the design not subject to any other requirements strength requirements for the doors. of this subchapter. The truck body, trailer, or freight container must be se- [Amdt. 174–83, 61 FR 28677, June 5, 1996, as cured on the flatcar so that it cannot amended at 68 FR 75747, Dec. 31, 2003; 76 FR 43530, July 20, 2011] change position during transit. [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as § 174.57 Cleaning cars. amended by Amdt. 174–26A, 41 FR 40685, Sept. All hazardous material which has 20, 1976; Amdt. 174–38, 45 FR 32698, May 19, 1980; Amdt. 174–39, 45 FR 81572, Dec. 11, 1980; leaked from a package in any rail car Amdt. 174–59, 51 FR 5974, Feb. 18, 1986; Amdt. or on other railroad property must be 174–68, 57 FR 45464, Oct. 1, 1992; Amdt. 174–79, carefully removed. 59 FR 64744, Dec. 15, 1994]

§ 174.59 Marking and placarding of § 174.63 Portable tanks, IM portable rail cars. tanks, IBCs, Large Packagings, cargo tanks, and multi-unit tank No person may transport a rail car car tanks. carrying hazardous materials unless it (a) A carrier may not transport a is marked and placarded as required by bulk packaging (e.g., portable tank, IM this subchapter. Placards and car cer- portable tank, IBC, Large Packaging, tificates lost in transit must be re- cargo tank, or multi-unit tank car placed at the next inspection point, tank) containing a hazardous material and those not required must be re- in container-on-flatcar (COFC) or trail- moved at the next terminal where the er-on-flatcar (TOFC) service except as train is classified. For Canadian ship- authorized by this section or unless ap- ments, required placards lost in tran- proved for transportation by the Asso- sit, must be replaced either by those ciate Administrator for Safety, FRA. required by part 172 of this subchapter (b) A bulk packaging containing a or by those authorized under § 171.12. hazardous material (including IM 101 and IM 102 when appropriate according [74 FR 53189, Oct. 16, 2009] to dimensions and weight distribution)

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may be transported inside a fully able tanks or IM portable tanks in closed transport vehicle or fully closed TOFC or COFC service expires on the freight container provided it is prop- date stated in the approval letter or erly secured with a restraint system June 15, 1995, whichever is later. that will prevent it from changing po- (e) A carrier may not transport a sition, sliding into other packages, or cargo tank or multi-unit tank car tank contacting the side or end walls (in- containing a hazardous material in cluding doors) under conditions nor- TOFC or COFC service unless approved mally incident to transportation. for such service by the Associate Ad- (c) When not transported in conform- ministrator for Safety, FRA. However, ance with and subject to paragraph (b) in the event of an accident or incident, of this section, a bulk packaging may no such approval is necessary for the be transported in COFC service or transportation of a cargo tank con- TOFC service subject to the following taining a hazardous material in TOFC conditions as applicable: service under the following condi- (1) The bulk packaging contains a tion(s): material packaged in accordance with (1) There is an emergency need for § 173.240, § 173.241, § 173.242, or § 173.243 of the cargo tank in order to mitigate the this subchapter; consequences of an incident; and (2) The tank and flatcar must comply (2) Movement of the cargo tank is with the applicable requirements of the limited to transportation necessary for HMR concerning their specification. emergency purposes. (3) For TOFC service, the trailer [Amdt. 174–79, 59 FR 64744, Dec. 15, 1994, as chassis conforms to requirements in amended by 66 FR 45383, Aug. 28, 2001; 68 FR paragraphs 3, 4, 5, and 6 of AAR Speci- 75747, Dec. 31, 2003; 75 FR 5395, Feb. 2, 2010; 77 fication M–943, ‘‘Container Chassis For FR 37985, June 25, 2012] TOFC Service’’ of the AAR specification for ‘‘Specially Equipped Freight § 174.67 Tank car unloading. Car and Intermodal Equipment’’ (IBR, For transloading operations, the fol- see § 171.7 of this subchapter); lowing rules must be observed: (4) For COFC service, the container (a) General requirements. (1) Unloading support and securement systems con- operations must be performed by form to requirements in Specification hazmat employees properly instructed M–952, ‘‘Intermodal Container Support in unloading hazardous materials and and Securement Systems for Freight made responsible for compliance with Cars’’, of the AAR specification for this section. ‘‘Specially Equipped Freight Car and (2) Each hazmat employee who is re- Intermodal Equipment’’ (IBR, see sponsible for unloading must apply the § 171.7 of this subchapter); handbrake and block at least one wheel (5) If transported in a well car— to prevent movement in any direction. (i) The tank is not in a double- If multiple tank cars are coupled to- stacked configuration (i.e., no freight gether, sufficient hand brakes must be container or portable tank is placed set and wheels blocked to prevent above or below the tank); and movement in both directions. (ii) The tank is transported in the (3) Each hazmat employee who is re- well with its outlet valve facing out- sponsible for unloading must secure ac- ward towards the end of the well and cess to the track to prevent entry by away from any adjacent tank or con- other rail equipment, including motor- tainer; and ized service vehicles. This requirement (6) All securement fittings shall be may be satisfied by lining each switch fully engaged and in the locked posi- providing access to the unloading area tion, provided; however, if the tank is against movement and securing each transported in a well car, it must be switch with an effective locking device, loaded into a well appropriate for the or by using derails, portable bumper length of the container and any void blocks, or other equipment that pro- filling device present must be secured vides and equivalent level of safety. in its designed appropriate position. (4) Each hazmat employee who is re- (d) An approval in effect on February sponsible for unloading must display 28, 1991 for the transportation of port- caution signs on the track or on the

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tank cars to warn persons approaching stopped, and if there is any sound of es- the cars from the open end of the track caping vapor, the cover must be and must be left up until after all clo- screwed down tightly and the interior sures are secured and the cars are in pressure relieved as prescribed in para- proper condition for transportation. graph (a)(6) of this section, before The caution signs must be of metal or again attempting to remove the cover. other durable material, rectangular, at (2) Hinged and bolted type. All nuts 30.48 cm (12 inches) high by 38.10 cm (15 must be unscrewed one complete turn, inches) wide, and bear the word after which same precautions as pre- ‘‘STOP.’’ The word ‘‘STOP’’ must ap- scribed for screw type cover must be pear in letters at least 10.16 cm (4 observed. inches) high. The letters must be white (3) Interior type. All dirt and cinders on a blue background. Additional must be carefully removed from around words, such as ‘‘Tank Car Connected’’ the cover before the yoke is unscrewed. or ‘‘Crew at Work,’’ may also appear in (c) When the car is unloaded through white letters under the word ‘‘STOP.’’ a bottom outlet valve, for unloading (5) The transloading facility operator processes that require the removal of must maintain written safety proce- the manhole cover, the manhole cover dures (such as those it may already be must be adjusted as follows: required to maintain pursuant to the (1) Screw type. The cover must be put Department of Labor’s Occupational in place, but not entirely screwed Safety and Health Administration re- down, so that air may enter the tank quirements in 29 CFR 1910.119 and through the vent holes in threaded 1910.120) in a location where they are flange of the cover. immediately available to hazmat em- (2) Hinged and bolted type. A non-me- ployees responsible for the tallic block must be placed under one transloading operation. edge of the cover. (6) Before a manhole cover or outlet (3) Interior type. The screw must be valve cap is removed from a tank car, tightened up in the yoke so that the the car must be relieved of all interior cover is brought up within one-half pressure by cooling the tank with inch of the closed position. water or by venting the tank by raising (d) When unloading through the bot- the safety valve or opening the dome tom outlet of a car equipped with an vent at short intervals. However, if interior manhole type cover, and in venting to relieve pressure will cause a each case where unloading is done dangerous amount of vapor to collect through the manhole (unless a special outside the car, venting and unloading cover with a safety vent opening and a must be deferred until the pressure is tight connection for the discharge out- reduced by allowing the car to stand let is used), the manhole must be pro- overnight, otherwise cooling the con- tected by asbestos or metal covers tents, or venting to a closed collection against the entrance of sparks or other system. These precautions are not nec- sources of ignition of vapor, or by essary when the car is equipped with a being covered and surrounded with wet manhole cover which hinges inward or burlap or similar cloth material. The with an inner manhole cover which burlap or other cloth must be kept does not have to be removed to unload damp by the replacement or the appli- the car, and when pressure is relieved cation of water as needed. by piping vapor into a condenser or (e) Seals or other substances must storage tank. not be thrown into the tank and the (b) After the pressure is released, for contents may not be spilled over the unloading processes that require the car or tank. removal of the manhole cover, the seal (f) The valve rod handle or control in must be broken and the manhole cover the dome must be operated several removed as follows: times to see that outlet valve in bot- (1) Screw type. The cover must be tom of tank is on its seat before valve loosened by placing a bar between the cap is removed. manhole cover lug and knob. After two (g) The valve cap, or the reducer complete turns, so that the vent open- when a large outlet is to be used, must ings are exposed, the operation must be be removed with a suitable wrench

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after the set screws are loosened and a loading equipment attached, the facil- pail must be placed in position to catch ity operator must assure that the tank any liquid that may be in the outlet car is: chamber. If the valve cap or reducer (1) Attended by a designated hazmat does not unscrew easily, it may be employee who is physically present and tapped lightly with a mallet or wooden who has an unobstructed view of the block in an upward direction. If leak- unloading operation; or age shows upon starting the removal, (2) Monitored by a signaling system the cap or reducer may not be entirely (e.g., video system, sensing equipment, unscrewed. Sufficient threads must be or mechanical equipment) that is ob- left engaged and sufficient time al- served by a designated hazmat em- lowed to permit the controlled escape ployee located either in the immediate of any accumulation of liquid in the area of the tank car or at a remote lo- outlet chamber. If the leakage stops or cation within the facility, such as a the rate of leakage diminishes materi- control room. The signaling system ally, the cap or reducer may be en- must— tirely removed. If the initial rate of (i) Provide a level of surveillance leakage continues, further efforts must equivalent to that provided in subpara- be made to seat the outlet valve (see graph (1) of this paragraph (i); and paragraph (f) of this section). If this (ii) Provide immediate notification fails, the cap or reducer must be to a designated hazmat employee of screwed up tight and the tank must be any system malfunction or other emer- unloaded through the dome. If upon re- gency so that, if warranted, responsive moval of the outlet cap the outlet actions may be initiated immediately. chamber is found to be blocked with (j) Attendance is not required when frozen liquid or any other matter, the piping is attached to a top outlet of a cap must be replaced immediately and tank car, equipped with a protective a careful examination must be made to housing required under § 179.100–12 of determine whether the outlet casting this subchapter, for discharge of lading has been cracked. If the obstruction is under the following conditions: not frozen liquid, the car must be un- (1) All valves are tightly closed. loaded through the dome. If the ob- (2) The piping is not connected to struction is frozen liquid and no crack hose or other unloading equipment and has been found in the outlet casting, is fitted with a cap or plug of appro- the car may, if circumstances require priate material and construction. it, be unloaded from the bottom by re- (3) The piping extends no more than moving the cap and attaching unload- 15.24 centimeters (6 inches) from the ing connections immediately. Before outer edge of the protective housing. opening the valve inside the tank car (k) In the absence of the unloader, a with a frozen liquid blockage: tank car may stand with unloading (1) Steam must be applied to the out- connections attached when no product side of the outlet casting or the outlet is being transferred under the following casting must be wrapped with burlap or conditions: other rags and hot water applied to the (1) The facility operator must des- wrapped casting to melt the frozen liq- ignate a hazmat employee responsible uid; or for on-site monitoring of the transfer (2) For combustible liquid or Class 3 facility. The designated hazmat em- liquid petroleum distillate fuels, the ployee must be made familiar with the blockage may be cleared by attaching nature and properties of the product a fitting to the outlet line and applying contained in the tank car; procedures nitrogen at a pressure not to exceed 100 to be followed in the event of an emer- psig. gency; and, in the event of an emer- (h) Unloading connections must be gency, have the ability and authority securely attached to unloading pipes to take responsible actions. on the dome or to the bottom discharge (2) When a signaling system is used outlets before any discharge valves are in accordance with paragraph (i) of this opened. section, the system must be capable of (i) Throughout the entire period of alerting the designated hazmat em- unloading and while a tank car has un- ployee in the event of an emergency

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and providing immediate notification § 174.81 Segregation of hazardous ma- of any monitoring system malfunction. terials. If the monitoring system does not have (a) This section applies to materials self-monitoring capability, the des- which meet one or more of the hazard ignated hazmat employee must check the monitoring system hourly for prop- classes defined in this subchapter and er operation. are in packages which are required to (3) The tank car and facility shutoff be labeled or placarded under the pro- valves must be secured in the closed visions of part 172 of this subchapter. position. (b) When a rail car is to be trans- (4) Brakes must be set and wheels ported by vessel, other than a ferry locked in accordance with paragraph vessel, hazardous materials on or with- (a)(2) of this section. in that rail car must be stowed and (5) Access to the track must be se- segregated in accordance with cured in accordance with paragraph § 176.83(b) of this subchapter. (a)(3) of this section. (c) Except as provided in § 173.12(e) of (l) As soon as a tank car is com- this subchapter, cyanides, cyanide mix- pletely unloaded, all valves must be tures or solutions may not be stored, made tight by the use of a bar, wrench loaded and transported with acids; Di- or other suitable tool, the unloading vision 4.2 materials may not be stored, connections must be removed and all loaded and transported with Class 8 liq- other closures made tight. (m) Railroad defect cards may not be uids; and Division 6.1 Packing Group I, removed. Hazard Zone A material may not be (n) If oil or gasoline has been spilled stored, loaded and transported with on the ground around connections, it Class 3 material, Class 8 liquids, and must be covered with fresh, dry sand or Division 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1 or 5.2 material. dirt. (d) Except as otherwise provided in (o) All tools and implements used in this subchapter, hazardous materials connection with unloading must be must be stored, loaded or transported kept free of oil, dirt, and grit. in accordance with the following table [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as and other provisions of this section: amended by Amdt. 174–26A, 41 FR 40685, Sept. 20, 1976; Amdt. 174–43, 48 FR 27699, June 16, 1983; Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52678, Dec. 21, 1990; 56 FR 66280, Dec. 20, 1991; Amdt. 174–81, 60 FR 49111, Sept. 21, 1995; Amdt. 174–83, 61 FR 28678, June 5, 1996; 68 FR 61941, Oct. 30, 2003; 70 FR 20034, Apr. 15, 2005; 72 FR 55693, Oct. 1, 2007; 76 FR 43530, July 20, 2011; 81 FR 3682, Jan. 21, 2016]

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3 4.1 4.2 4.3 5.1 5.2 ATERIALS M Zone B 2.3 gas AZARDOUS Zone A 2.3 gas H ABLE FOR T EGREGATION S 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 2.1 2.2 1.2 1.1, A * * * * * X X X X 1.2 A 1.5 * * * * * X 1.6 X * X 2.2 X X X X X 4.2 O 4.3 X X X O X 6.1 X X O X O O X O X X X X Class or Division Notes sives. explosives. mable gases. tible materials. materials. Zone A. Explosives ...... 1.1 and Explosives ...... Explosives ...... Very insensitive explo- 1.3 A 1.4 Extremely insensitive gases...... BZone * X Flammable * O Zone 2.3 Non-toxic, non-flam- 2.1 gas X 2.3 gas O Poisonous liquids...... X X X O Poisonous X X O O X Flammable X X O X O Flammable solidsX ...... X X X 3 X Spontaneously combus- X O O 4.1 Dangerous when wet X X X O X X OxidizersA X ...... X Organic peroxides ...... Poisonous liquids PG I O X 5.1 liquids...... 5.2 Radioactive materials O ...Corrosive O X O X X 8 7 O O O X X X X O X X X X X O X X X O X O O O O O X O O X O X X O X X O O

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(e) Instructions for using the segrega- (4) The ‘‘*’’ in the table indicates tion table for hazardous materials in that segregation among different Class paragraph (d) of this section are as fol- 1 (explosive) materials is governed by lows: the compatibility table in paragraph (f) (1) The absence of any hazard class or of this section. division, or a blank space in the table (5) The note ‘‘A’’ in the second col- indicates that no restrictions apply. umn of the table means that, notwith- (2) The letter ‘‘X’’ in the table indi- standing the requirements of the letter cates that these materials may not be ‘‘X’’, ammonium nitrate fertilizer may loaded, transported, or stored together be loaded or stored with Division 1.1 (explosive) or Division 1.5 materials. in the same rail car or storage facility (6) When the § 172.101 table or § 172.402 during the course of transportation. of this subchapter requires a package (3) The letter ‘‘O’’ in the table indi- to bear a subsidiary hazard label, seg- cates that these materials may not be regation appropriate to the subsidiary loaded, transported, or stored together hazard must be applied when that seg- in the same rail car or storage facility regation is more restrictive than that during the course of transportation un- required by the primary hazard. How- less separated in a manner that, in the ever, hazardous materials of the same event of leakage from packages under class may be loaded and transported conditions normally incident to trans- together without regard to segregation portation, commingling of hazardous required by any secondary hazard if the materials would not occur. Notwith- materials are not capable of reacting standing the methods of separation em- dangerously with each other and caus- ployed, Class 8 (corrosive) liquids may ing combustion or dangerous evolution not be loaded above or adjacent to of heat, evolution of flammable, poi- Class 4 (flammable) or Class 5 (oxi- sonous, or asphyxiant gases, or forma- dizing) materials; except that shippers tion of corrosive or unstable materials. may load carload shipments of such (f) Class 1 (explosive) materials may materials together when it is known not be loaded, transported, or stored that the mixture of contents would not together, except as provided in this cause a fire or a dangerous evolution of section, and in accordance with the fol- heat or gas. lowing table:

COMPATIBILITY TABLE FOR CLASS 1 (EXPLOSIVE) MATERIALS

Compatibility group A B C D E F G H J K L N S

A ...... X X X X X X X X X X X X B ...... X X 4 X X X X X X X X 4/5 C ...... X X 2 2 X 6 X X X X 3 4/5 D ...... X 4 2 2 X 6 X X X X 3 4/5 E ...... X X 2 2 X 6 X X X X 3 4/5 F ...... X X X X X X X X X X X 4/5 G ...... X X 6 6 6 X X X X X X 4/5 H ...... X X X X X X X X X X X 4/5 J ...... X X X X X X X X X X X 4/5 K ...... X X X X X X X X X X X 4/5 L ...... X X X X X X X X X X 1 X X N ...... X X 3 3 3 X X X X X X 4/5 S ...... X 4/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 4/5 X 4/5

(g) Instructions for using the compat- the same rail car, unless packed in sep- ibility table for Class 1 (explosive) ma- arate freight containers (e.g., two or terials in paragraph (f) of this section more freight containers mounted upon are as follows: the same rail car). (1) A blank space in the table indi- (3) The numbers in the table mean cates that no restrictions apply. the following: (2) The letter ‘‘X’’ in the table indi- (i) ‘‘1’’ means explosives from com- cates that explosives of different compatibility group L may only be carried patibility groups may not be carried on

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on the same rail car with an identical Subpart D—Handling of Placarded explosive. Rail Cars, Transport Vehicles (ii) ‘‘2’’ means any combination of ex- and Freight Containers plosives from compatibility group C, D, or E is assigned to compatibility group § 174.82 General requirements for the E. handling of placarded rail cars, (iii) ‘‘3’’ means any combination of transport vehicles, freight con- explosives from compatibility group C, tainers, and bulk packages. D, or E with those in compatibility (a) Unless otherwise specified, this group N is assigned to compatibility subpart does not apply to the handling group D. of rail cars, transport vehicles, freight (iv) ‘‘4’’ means detonators and deto- containers, or bulk packagings, which nating primers, Division 1.4S (explo- contain Division 1.6, combustible liq- sives), may not be loaded in the same uids, Division 6.1 PG III materials, car with Division 1.1 and 1.2 (explosive) Class 9 materials, or ORM-D materials. materials. (b) A placarded rail car, transport vehicle, freight container, or bulk pack- (v) ‘‘5’’ means Division 1.4S fireworks age may not be transported in a pas- may not be loaded in the same car with senger train. Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) materials. (vi) ‘‘6’’ means explosive articles in [Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52680, Dec. 21, 1990, as compatibility group G, other than fire- amended at 56 FR 66281, Dec. 20, 1991; 57 FR works and those requiring special stow- 45464, Oct. 1, 1992; Amdt. 174–74, 58 FR 51533, Oct. 1, 1993] age, may be loaded and transported with articles of compatibility groups C, § 174.83 Switching placarded rail cars, D and E, provided no explosive sub- transport vehicles, freight con- stances are carried in the same rail tainers, and bulk packagings. car. (a) In switching operations where the (h) Except as provided in paragraph use of hand brakes is necessary— (i) of this section, explosives of the (1) It must be determined by trial same compatibility group but of dif- whether a loaded, placarded car, or a ferent divisions may be transported to- car occupied by a rider in a draft con- gether provided that the whole ship- taining a placarded car, has its hand ment is transported as though its en- brakes in proper working condition be- tire contents were of the lower numer- fore it is cut off; ical division (i.e., Division 1.1 being (2) A loaded, placarded tank car or a lower than Division 1.2). For example, draft which includes a loaded placarded a mixed shipment of Division 1.2 (ex- tank car may not be cut off until the plosive) materials and Division 1.4 (ex- preceding rail car clears the ladder plosive) materials, compatibility group track; and D, must be transported as Division 1.2 (3) A loaded, placarded tank car or a (explosive) materials. draft which includes a loaded placarded (i) When Division 1.5 materials, com- tank car must clear the ladder track patibility group D are transported in before another rail car is allowed to the same freight container as Division follow. 1.2 (explosive) materials, compatibility (b) Any loaded rail car placarded for group D, the shipment must be trans- a Division 1.1 or Division 1.2 explosive, a Division 2.3 Hazard Zone A gas or a ported as Division 1.1 (explosive) mate- Division 6.1 PG I Hazard Zone A materials, compatibility group D. rial, or a Class DOT 113 tank car dis- [Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52678, Dec. 21, 1990, as playing a Division 2.1 (flammable gas) amended at 56 FR 66280, Dec. 20, 1991; 57 FR placard, including a Class DOT 113 tank 45464, Oct. 1, 1992; Amdt. 174–68, 57 FR 59310, car containing only a residue of a Divi- Dec. 15, 1992; Amdt. 174–75, 58 FR 50237, Sept. sion 2.1 material, may not be: 24, 1993; Amdt. 174–83, 61 FR 51339, Oct. 1, (1) Cut off while in motion; 1996; 64 FR 10781, Mar. 5, 1999; 66 FR 45383, (2) Coupled into with more force than Aug. 28, 2001; 67 FR 15743, Apr. 3, 2002; 70 FR is necessary to complete the coupling; 3310, Jan. 24, 2005; 75 FR 27215, May 14, 2010] or

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(3) Struck by any car moving under § 174.84 Position in train of loaded its own momentum. placarded rail cars, transport vehi- (c) A placarded flatcar, or a flatcar cles, freight containers or bulk carrying a placarded transport vehicle, packagings when accompanied by guards or technical escorts. freight container, or bulk packaging under this subchapter may not be cut A rail car placarded in Division 1.1 or off while in motion. 1.2 (explosive); Division 2.3 (Hazard (d) No rail car moving under its own Zone A; poisonous gas); or Division 6.1 momentum may be permitted to strike (PG I, Hazard Zone A; poisonous liquid) in a moving or standing train must be any placarded flatcar or any flatcar next to and ahead of any car occupied carrying a placarded transport vehicle, by the guards or technical escorts ac- freight container, or bulk packaging. companying the placarded rail car. (e) No placarded flatcar or any flat- However, if a rail car occupied by the car carrying a placarded transport ve- guards or technical escorts has tem- hicle, freight container, or bulk pack- perature control equipment in oper- aging may be coupled into with more ation, it must be the fourth car behind force than is necessary to complete the any car requiring Division 1.1 or 1.2 coupling. (explosive) placards. (f) When transporting a rail car, [Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52680, Dec. 21, 1990, as transport vehicle, or freight container amended at 56 FR 66281, Dec. 20, 1991; 66 FR placarded for Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explo- 45383, Aug. 28, 2001] sive) materials in a terminal, yard, or on a side track or siding, the placarded § 174.85 Position in train of placarded rail car must be separated from the en- cars, transport vehicles, freight gine by at least one non-placarded rail containers, and bulk packagings. car and must be placed in a location so (a) Except as provided in paragraphs that it will be safe from danger of fire. (b) and (c) of this section, the position A rail car, transport vehicle, or freight in a train of each loaded placarded car, container placarded for Division 1.1 or transport vehicle, freight container, 1.2 (explosive) materials may not be and bulk packaging must conform to placed under a bridge or overhead the provisions of this section. (b) A car placarded ‘‘RADIOACTIVE’’ crossing, or in or alongside a passenger must comply with train positioning re- shed or station, except during transfer quirements of paragraph (d) of this sec- operations. tion and must be separated from a lo- [Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52680, Dec. 21, 1990, as comotive, occupied caboose, or carload amended at 56 FR 66281, Dec. 20, 1991; Amdt. of undeveloped film by at least one 174–75, 58 FR 50237, Sept. 24, 1993; Amdt. 174– non-placarded car. 77, 59 FR 48549, Sept. 21, 1994; Amdt. 174–83, 61 (c) A tank car containing the residue FR 51339, Oct. 1, 1996; 66 FR 45383, Aug. 28, of a hazardous material must be sepa- 2001] rated from a locomotive or occupied caboose by at least one rail car other than a placarded tank car. (d) Position of rail cars in a train. In the following table:

POSITION IN TRAIN OF PLACARDED CARS TRANSPORTING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

Placard Placard Group Placard Group Placard Group 1 2 3 Group 4 RESTRICTIONS Tank Rail Tank Rail Rail Car Car Car Car Car Rail Car

1. When train length permits, placarded car may not be nearer than X X X the sixth car from the engine or occupied caboose. 2. When train length does not permit, placarded car must be placed X X X near the middle of the train, but not nearer than the second car from an engine or occupied caboose. 3. A placarded car may not be placed next to an open-top car when X X X any of the lading in the open top car protrudes beyond the car ends, or if the lading shifted, would protrude beyond the car ends..

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POSITION IN TRAIN OF PLACARDED CARS TRANSPORTING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS—Continued

Placard Placard Group Placard Group Placard Group 1 2 3 Group 4 RESTRICTIONS Tank Rail Tank Rail Rail Car Car Car Car Car Rail Car

4. A placarded car may not be placed next to a loaded flat car, ex- X X X cept closed TOFC/COFC equipment, auto carriers, and other specially equipped cars with tie-down devices for securing vehicles. Permanent bulk head flat cars are considered the same as open- top cars. 5. A placarded car may not be placed next to any transport vehicle X X X or freight container having an internal combustion engine or an open-flame device in operation.. 6. Placarded cars may not be placed next to each other based on the following: Placard Group 1...... X X X X X Placard Group 2 ...... X X X X Placard Group 3 ...... X X X X Placard Group 4...... X X X X X PLACARD GROUP: Group 1—Divisions 1.1 and 1.2 (explosive) materials. Group 2—Divisions 1.3, 1.4, 1.5 (explosive), Class 2 (compressed gas; other than Div 2.3, PG I, Zone A), Class 3 (flammable liquid), Class 4 (flammable solid), Class 5 (oxidizing), Class 6 (poisonous liquid; other than Div 6.1, PG I, Zone A), and Class 8 (corrosive) materials. Group 3—Divisions 2.3 (Zone A; poisonous gas) and 6.1 (PG I, Zone A; poisonous liquid) materials. Group 4—Class 7 (radioactive) materials.

(1) Where an ‘‘X’’ appears at the Subpart E—Class I (Explosive) intersection of a Placard Group column Materials and a Restriction row, the cor- responding restriction applies. § 174.101 Loading Class 1 (explosive) (2) ‘‘Rail Car’’ means a car other than materials. a tank car. (a) Boxes containing Division 1.1 or (3) For purposes of this subpart, each 1.2 (explosive) materials must be load- unit of an articulated intermodal rail ed so that the ends of wooden boxes car shall be considered as one car. will not bear against sides of any fiber- board boxes and so that the ends of any [Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52680, Dec. 21, 1990, as box will not cause a pressure point on amended at 57 FR 45464, Oct. 1, 1992; Amdt. a small area of another box. 174–83, 61 FR 28678, June 5, 1996; Amdt.174–83, (b) Explosive bombs, unfuzed projec- 61 FR 50255, Sept. 25, 1996; Amdt. 174–83, 61 tiles, rocket ammunition and rocket FR 51339, Oct. 1, 1996; 64 FR 51919, Sept. 27, motors, Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 (explo- 1999; 66 FR 45383, Aug. 28, 2001] sive) materials, which are not packed § 174.86 Maximum allowable operating in wooden boxes, or large metal pack- speed. ages of incendiary bombs, each weigh- ing 226 kg (500 pounds) or more, may be (a) For molten metals and molten loaded in stock cars or in flat bottom glass shipped in packagings other than gondola cars only if they are ade- those prescribed in § 173.247 of this sub- quately braced. Boxed bombs, rocket chapter, the maximum allowable oper- ammunition and rocket motors, Divi- ating speed may not exceed 24 km/hour sion 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 (explosive) mate- (15 mph) for shipments by rail. rials, which due to their size cannot be (b) For trains transporting any load- loaded in closed cars, may be loaded in ed, placarded tank cars containing a open-top cars or on flatcars, provided material poisonous by inhalation, the they are protected from the weather maximum allowable operating speed and accidental ignition. may not exceed 80.5 km/hour (50 mph) (c) Boxes of Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explo- for shipments by rail. sive) materials packed in long car- tridges, bags, or sift-proof liners, and [74 FR 1801, Jan. 13, 2009] containing no liquid explosive ingre- dient, may be loaded on their sides or ends.

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(d) Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) ma- car’’ or ‘‘way car’’ the shipment for terials may not be loaded higher than each destination must be stayed sepa- any permanent car lining unless addi- rately. tional lining is provided as high as the (j) Forwarding and transfer stations lading. for Class 1 (explosive) materials must (e) When the lading of a car includes be provided with the necessary mate- any Class 1 (explosive) materials, the rials for staying. weight of the lading must be distrib- (k) Shippers must furnish the mate- uted insofar as possible to equalize the rial for staying packages of Class 1 (ex- weight on each side of the car and over plosive) materials loaded by them. the trucks. (l) Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) ma- (f) Except when boxed, metal kegs terials may not be loaded, transported, containing Class 1 (explosive) mate- or stored in a rail car equipped with rials must be loaded on their sides with any type of lighted heater or open- their ends toward the ends of the car. flame device, or electric devices having Packages of Class 1 (explosive) mate- exposed heating coils, or in a rail car rials may not be placed in the space op- equipped with any apparatus or mecha- posite the doors unless the doorways nism utilizing an internal combustion are boarded on the inside as high as the engine in its operation. lading. This paragraph does not apply (m) [Reserved] to palletized packages if they are (n) A container car or freight con- braced so they cannot fall or slide into tainer on a flatcar or a gondola car the doorways during transportation. other than a drop-bottom car, when (g) Wooden kegs, fiber kegs, barrels, properly loaded, blocked, and braced to and drums must be loaded on their prevent change of position under condi- sides or ends, to best suit the conditions normally incident to transpor- tions. tation, may be used to transport any (h) Packages containing any Division Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) material 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) materials for (see except black powder packed in metal § 174.104), detonators, detonator assem- containers. A freight container must be blies, or boosters with detonators must designed, constructed, and maintained be securely blocked and braced to pre- so as to be weather tight and capable of vent the packages from changing posi- preventing the entrance of sparks. In tion, falling to the floor, or sliding into addition: each other, under conditions normally (1) A freight container must be of incident to transportation. Class 1 (ex- such design and so braced as to show no plosive) materials must be loaded so as evidence of failure of the container or to avoid transfer at stations. For rec- the bracing when subjected to impact ommended methods of blocking and from each end of at least 13 km (8.1 bracing, see Bureau of Explosives Pam- miles) per hour. Its efficiency shall be phlets No. 6 and 6A. Heavy packages or determined by actual test, using containers must be trucked, rolled, or dummy loads equal in weight and gen- moved by skids, fork trucks, or other eral character to material to be handling devices and may not be shipped. dropped from trucks, platforms, or (2) A container car or car which is cars. Planks for rolling trucks from loaded with freight containers must be platforms to cars must have beveled placarded with the Class 1 (explosive) ends. Loading platforms and the shoes materials placards as required by sub- of each workman must be free from part F of part 172 of this subchapter grit. All possible precautions must be and with properly executed car certifi- taken against fire. Class 1 (explosive) cates as required by § 174.104. materials must be kept in a safe place (3) Lading must be so loaded, and inaccessible to unauthorized per- blocked, and braced within the freight sons while being held by a carrier for container that it will not change posi- loading or delivery. tion under impact from each end of at (i) To prevent delays of local freight least 13 km (8.1 miles) per hour. trains, when there are shipments of (o) Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 (explosive) Class 1 (explosive) materials for dif- materials may be loaded and trans- ferent destinations loaded in a ‘‘peddler ported in a tight closed truck body or

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trailer on a flatcar. Wooden boxed trols or the source of power for their bombs, rocket ammunition, and rocket operations. motors, Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 (explo- [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as sive) materials, which due to their size amended by Amdt. 174–26A, 41 FR 40685, Sept. cannot be loaded in tight, closed truck 20, 1976; Amdt. 174–26B, 41 FR 57071, Dec. 30, bodies or trailers, may be loaded in or 1976; Amdt. 174–36, 44 FR 70732, Dec. 10, 1979; on open-top truck bodies or trailers. Amdt. 174–59, 51 FR 5974, Feb. 18, 1986; Amdt. However, they must be protected 174–68, 55 FR 52681, Dec. 21, 1990; Amdt. 174–83, against accidental ignition. In addi- 61 FR 51339, Oct. 1, 1996; 66 FR 45383, Aug. 28, tion: 2001; 76 FR 43531, July 20, 2011] (1) Each truck body or trailer must § 174.102 Forbidden mixed loading and meet the requirements of part 177 of storage. this subchapter, applicable to ship- (a) Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) ma- ments of Class 1 (explosive) materials terials and initiating or priming explo- by motor vehicle. sives may not be transported together (2) Each truck body or trailer must in the same rail car. Additionally, they be secured on the rail car so that it may not be transported or loaded in will not permanently change position the same rail car or stored on carrier or show evidence of failure or impend- property with charged electric storage ing failure of the method of securing batteries or with any hazardous mate- the truck body or trailer under impact rial for which a NONFLAMMABLE from each end of at least 13 km (8.1 GAS, FLAMMABLE GAS, FLAM- miles) per hour. Its efficiency must be MABLE LIQUID, FLAMMABLE determined by actual test, using SOLID, OXIDIZER, ORGANIC PER- dummy loads equal in weight and gen- OXIDE, RADIOACTIVE or CORROSIVE eral character to the material to be label is required. shipped. For recommended methods of (b) Class 1 (explosive) materials may blocking and bracing, see the Inter- not be loaded together or with other modal Loading Guide for Products in hazardous materials, except as pro- Closed Trailers and Containers (IBR, vided in § 174.81. See § 174.104 for loading see § 171.7 of this subchapter). shipments of Class 1 (explosive) mate- (3) Lading must be loaded, blocked, rials or any other material in a plac- and braced within or on the truck body arded and certified car containing a or trailer so that the lading will not shipment of Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explo- change position under impact from sive) materials. each end of at least 13 km (8.1 miles) per hour. For recommended methods of [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as amended by Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52681, Dec. blocking and bracing, see the Inter- 21, 1990; 66 FR 45383, Aug. 28, 2001] modal Loading Guide for Products in Closed Trailers and Containers (IBR, § 174.103 Disposition of damaged or see § 171.7 of this subchapter). astray shipments. (4) Each rail car containing Class 1 (a) Packages of Class 1 (explosive) (explosive) materials and each rail car materials found damaged or broken in loaded with truck bodies, trailers or transit may be repaired when prac- containers containing Class 1 (explo- ticable and not dangerous. A broken sive) materials must be placarded with box of Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) Class 1 (explosive) materials placards materials that cannot be repaired must as required by subpart F of part 172 of be reinforced by stout wrapping paper this subchapter and with properly exe- and twine, placed in another strong box cuted car certificates as required by and surrounded by dry, fine sawdust or § 174.104. dry and clean cotton waste or elastic (5) Each fuel tank of a heater or re- wads made from dry newspapers. A rup- frigerating machinery on the truck tured can or keg must be sealed and en- bodies or trailers must be drained and closed in a strong cloth bag of good all automatic heating or refrigerating quality and boxed. Damaged packages machinery must be made inoperative thus protected and properly marked by disconnection of the automatic con- may be forwarded. The box and waybill

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must be marked to indicate that it has must be made as prescribed by para- been repacked. graphs (c) and (d) of this section. (b) Care must be exercised in repack- [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as ing damaged containers so that no amended by Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52681, Dec. spark is produced by contact of metal 21, 1990; 66 FR 45383, Aug. 28, 2001] or other hard surfaces which could ig- nite loose particles of explosive com- § 174.104 Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) materials; car selection, prepara- positions that may be strewn on car tion, inspection, and certification. floors or freight. In addition, the car floors must be thoroughly swept, and (a) Except as provided in § 174.101 (b), washed with a plentiful supply of (n), and (o), Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) materials being transported by water. Iron-wheel trucks, metal ham- rail may be transported only in a cer- mers, or other metal tools that may tified and properly placarded closed car produce sparks may not be used. Metal of not less than 36,300 kg (80,028 pounds) tools must be limited to those made of capacity, with steel underframes and brass, bronze, or copper. friction draft gear or cushioned (c) Each package of Class 1 (explo- underframe, except that on a narrow- sive) materials showing evidence of gauge railroad they may be trans- leakage of liquid ingredients must: ported in a car of less capacity as long (1) Be refused if leakage is discovered as the car of greatest capacity and before acceptance; strength available is used. (2) Be disposed of to a person who is (b) Each rail car used for trans- competent and willing to remove them porting Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) from the carrier’s property, if the leak- materials must meet the following re- age is discovered while the shipment is quirements as applicable: in transit; or (1) The car must be equipped with air (3) Be removed immediately by con- brakes, hand brakes, and roller bear- signee, if the leakage is discovered at ings which are in condition for service. the shipment’s destination. (2) The car may not have any holes or cracks in the roof, sides, ends, or doors (d) When the disposition required by through which sparks may enter, or paragraph (c) of this section cannot be unprotected decayed spots which may made, the leaking package must be hold sparks and start a fire. packed in other boxes large enough to (3) The roof of the car must be care- permit enclosure and the leaking boxes fully inspected from the outside for de- must be surrounded by at least 5 cm (2 cayed spots, especially under or near inches) of dry, fine sawdust or dry and the running board, and such spots must clean cotton waste, and be stored in a be covered or repaired to prevent their station magazine or other safe place holding fire from sparks. A car with a until the arrival of an inspector of the roof generally decayed, even if tight, Bureau of Explosives, or other author- may not be used. ized person, to superintend the destruc- (4) The doors must close tightly so tion or disposition of the condemned that sparks cannot get in at the joints, material. and, if necessary to achieve this degree (e) If careful inspection shows that of tightness, the doors must be an astray shipment of Class 1 (explo- stripped. The stripping should be sive) materials is in proper condition placed on the inside and fastened to the for safe transportation, it must be for- door frames where it will form a shoul- warded immediately to its destination der against which the closed doors are if known, or returned to the shipper by pressed by means of wedges or cleats in door shoes or keepers. The openings the most practicable route. under the doors should be similarly (f) When a package in an astray ship- closed. The hasp fastenings must be ex- ment is not in proper condition for safe amined with the doors closed and fas- transportation (see paragraphs (a), (c), tened, and the doors must be cleated and (d) of this section), or when the when necessary to prevent them from name and address of the consignee and shifting. When the car is opened for the shipper are unknown, disposition any reason, the wedges or cleats must

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be replaced before car containing Class this type of brake shoe. Each brake 1 (explosive) materials is permitted to shoe on the car must be at least 1 cm proceed. (0.4 inch) thick, and in safe and suit- (5) The roller bearings and the trucks able condition for service. must be carefully examined and put in (11) The car must have either a metal such condition as to reduce to a min- subfloor with no combustible material imum the danger of hotboxes or other exposed beneath the car, or metal failure necessitating the setting out of spark shields extending from center the car before reaching its destination. sill to side sills and from end sills to at (6) The car must be carefully swept least 30 cm (12 inches) beyond the ex- out before it is loaded. For less-than- treme treads of the inside wheels of carload shipments the space in which each truck, which are tightly fitted the packages are to be loaded must be against the subfloor so that there is no carefully swept. If evidence of a poten- vacant space or combustible material tial hazardous residue is apparent after exposed. The metal subfloor or spark the floor has been swept, the carrier must either decontaminate the car or shields may not have an accumulation provide a suitable substitute car. of oil, grease, or other debris which (7) Any holes in the floor or lining could support combustion. must be repaired and special care (c) Before Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explo- taken that there are no projecting sive) materials may be loaded into a nails or bolts or exposed pieces of rail car, the car must have been in- metal which may work loose or spected and certified to be in compli- produce holes in packages of Class 1 ance with the requirements of para- (explosive) materials during transit. graph (b) of this section by a qualified Protruding nails in the floor or lining person designated under § 215.11 of this which have worked loose must be title. The certification shall be made in drawn, and if necessary for the purpose Car Certificate No. 1 on the form pre- of fastening the floor or lining, new scribed in paragraph (f) of this section. nails must be driven through other (d) If the carrier furnishes the car to parts thereof. a shipper for loading Division 1.1 or 1.2 (8) Metal floor plates must be com- (explosive) materials, the shipper or pletely covered with wood, plywood, or his authorized employee shall, before fiber or composition sheets of adequate commencing the loading of the car, in- thickness and strength to prevent con- spect the interior thereof, and after tact of the floor plates with the pack- loading certify to the proper condition ages of Class 1 (explosive) materials of the car and the loading. This certifi- under conditions incident to transpor- cation shall be made on the first signa- tation, except that the covering of ture line in Car Certificate No. 2 on the metal floor plates is not necessary for form prescribed in paragraph (f) of this carload shipments loaded by the De- section. In addition, the finished load partment of Defense provided the Class must be inspected and certified to be in 1 (explosive) materials are of such na- compliance with the requirements of ture that they are not liable to leakage of dust, powder, or vapor which might this part by a qualified person des- become the cause of an explosion. ignated under § 215.11 of this title be- (9) If the car is equipped with auto- fore the car goes forward. This certifi- mobile loading devices, it may not be cation shall be made on the second sig- used unless the loading device is se- nature line in Car Certificate No. 2 on curely attached to the roof of the car the form prescribed in paragraph (f) of with fastenings supplementing those this section. If the loading is performed already provided and so fixed that it by the carrier, Car Certificate No. 2 cannot fall. may only be signed by a qualified per- (10) The car must be equipped with son designated under § 215.11 of this high-friction composition brake shoes title. (except metal deck flat cars used for (e) If a trailer or container con- COFC/TOFC service may be equipped taining Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) with high phosphorus cast iron brake- materials is loaded on a flatcar, the shoes) and brake rigging designed for loading and securing of the load on the

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car must be supervised by a representa- NOTE 2: All certificates, where applicable, tive of the shipper or carrier. The cer- must be signed. tification shall be made in Car Certifi- [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976] cate No. 3 on the form prescribed in EDITORIAL NOTE: For FEDERAL REGISTER ci- paragraph (f) of this section. tations affecting § 174.104, see the List of CFR (f) Each car certificate for use in con- Sections Affected, which appears in the nection with the inspection of rail cars Finding Aids section of the printed volume for the carriage of Division 1.1 or 1.2 and at www.govinfo.gov. (explosive) materials shall be printed § 174.105 Routing shipments, Division on strong tag board measuring 18 by 18 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) materials. cm (7.1 by 7.1 inches) or 15 by 20 cm (5.9 Before a shipment of Division 1.1 or by 7.9 inches). It must be duly executed 1.2 (explosive) materials destined to a in triplicate by the carrier, and by the point beyond the lines of the initial shipper if he loads the shipments. The carrier is accepted from the shipper, original must be filed by the carrier at the initial carrier shall ascertain that the forwarding station in a separate the shipment can go forward by the file and the other two must be attached route designated. To avoid delays en to the car, one to each outer side on a route, the initial carrier must be in fixed placard board or as otherwise pro- possession of full rate information be- vided. fore forwarding the shipment. llllllllll Railroad [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as CAR CERTIFICATE amended by Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52682, Dec. 21, 1990; 66 FR 45383, Aug. 28, 2001] No. 1 lll Station llllll 20ll. § 174.106 ‘‘Order-Notify’’ or ‘‘C.O.D.’’ I hereby certify that I have this day per- shipments, Division 1.1 or 1.2 (ex- sonally examined Car Number lll and plosive) materials. that the car is in condition for service and (a) A carrier may not accept for complies with the FRA Freight Car Safety transportation Division 1.1 or 1.2 (ex- Standards (49 CFR part 215) and with the re- plosive) materials, detonators, or deto- quirements for freight cars used to transport nating primers in any quantity when explosives prescribed by the DOT Hazardous consigned to ‘‘order-notify’’ or Materials Regulation (49 CFR part 174). ‘‘C.O.D.’’, except on a through bill of Qualified Person Designated Under 49 CFR lading to a place outside the United 215.11 States. No. 2 lll Station llllll (b) A carrier may not accept for 20 ll. transportation Division 1.1 or 1.2 (ex- I have this day personally examined the plosive) materials, detonators, or deto- above car and hereby certify that the explo- nating primers which the shipper con- sives in or on this car, or in or on vehicles or signs to himself unless the shipper has in containers have been loaded and braced; a resident representative to receive that placards have been applied, according to them at the delivery point. the regulations prescribed by the Depart- (c) A carrier may not accept Division ment of Transportation; and that the doors of cars so equipped fit or have been stripped 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) materials for so that sparks cannot enter. transportation subject to ‘‘stop-off privileges en route for partial loading Shipper or his authorized agent or unloading.’’ Qualified Person Designated Under 49 CFR 215.11 [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as No. 3 lll Station llllll amended by Amdt. 174–36, 44 FR 70732, Dec. 20 ll. 10, 1979; Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52682, Dec. 21, 1990; 66 FR 45383, Aug. 28, 2001] I hereby certify that I have this day personally supervised the loading of the vehi- § 174.110 Car magazine. cles or containers on and their securement to the above car. When specially authorized by the car- Shipper or railway employee inspecting load- rier, Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) ma- ing and securement terials in quantity not exceeding 68 kg NOTE 1: A shipper must decline to use a car (150 pounds) may be carried in con- not in proper condition. struction or repair cars if the packages

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of Class 1 (explosive) materials are (c) Division 1.3 materials and Divi- placed in a ‘‘magazine’’ box made of sion 1.2 (explosive) materials may not sound lumber not less than 2.5 cm (0.98 be transported in a truck body, trailer, inch) thick, covered on the exterior or container on a flatcar unless: with metal, and provided with strong (1) The truck body, trailer, or con- handles. The box must be plainly sten- tainer is closed and tight; ciled on the top, sides, and ends, in let- (2) All automatic heating or refrig- ters not less than 5 cm (2 inches) high, erating machinery with which the ‘‘EXPLOSIVES—DANGEROUS—HAN- truck body, trailer, or container is DLE CAREFULLY’’. The box must be equipped is inoperative; and provided with strong hinges and with a (3) Packages of Division 1.2 materials lock for keeping it securely closed. Va- and Division 1.3 (explosive) materials cant space in the box must be filled are blocked and braced within the with a cushioning material such as truck body, trailer, or container to pre- sawdust or excelsior, and the box must vent their shifting and possible damage be properly stayed to prevent shifting due to shifting of other freight during within the car. The car must be plac- transportation (ends, sidewalls, or arded with EXPLOSIVES 1.1 or 1.2 (EX- doors of the truck body, trailer, or con- PLOSIVES A) placards when the maga- tainer may not be relied on to prevent zine contains Division 1.1 or 1.2 (explo- the shifting of heavy loads). For rec- sive) materials. ommended methods of blocking and [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as bracing see the Intermodal Loading amended by Amdt. 174–26A, 41 FR 40685, Sept. Guide for Products in Closed Trailers 20, 1976; Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52682, Dec. 21, and Containers (IBR, see § 171.7 of this 1990; 66 FR 45383, Aug. 28, 2001; 68 FR 61942, subchapter). Oct. 30, 2003] [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as § 174.112 Loading Division 1.3 mate- amended by Amdt. 174–26B, 41 FR 57072, Dec. rials and Division 1.2 (explosive) 30, 1976; Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52682, Dec. 21, materials (Also see § 174.101). 1990; Amdt. 174–83, 61 FR 51339, Oct. 1, 1996; 66 FR 45383, Aug. 28, 2001; 68 FR 61942, Oct. 30, (a) Division 1.3 materials and Divi- 2003; 76 FR 43531, July 20, 2011] sion 1.2 (explosive) materials may not be loaded, transported or stored in a § 174.114 Record to be made of change rail car equipped with any type of of seals on ‘‘Cars loaded with Divi- lighted heater or open-flame device, or sion 1.1 or 1.2 (explosive) mate- in a rail car equipped with any appa- rials’’. ratus or mechanism utilizing an inter- When a car seal is changed on a car nal combustion engine in its operation. requiring ‘‘EXPLOSIVES 1.1 or EX- (b) Except as provided in § 174.101(b), PLOSIVES 1.2 (EXPLOSIVES A) plac- (n), or (o) Division 1.3 materials and Di- ards’’ while en route or before delivery vision 1.2 (explosive) materials must be to a consignee, a record of the change transported in a closed car or container showing the following information car which is in good condition, and into must be made on or attached to the which sparks cannot enter. The car waybill or other form of memorandum does not require the car certificates which must accompany the car to its prescribed in § 174.104(c) through (f). If destination: the doors are not tight, they must be stripped to prevent the entrance of Railroad Place Date sparks. Wood floored cars must be equipped with spark shields (see Car Initials Car Number Number or § 174.104). Packages of Division 1.3 ma- description of seal broken terials and Division 1.2 (explosive) materials must be blocked and braced to prevent their shifting and possible Number or description of seal used to reseal car llllllllllllllllllll damage due to shifting of other freight during transportation. For recommended methods of blocking and Reasons for opening car lllllllllll bracing see Bureau of Explosives Pam- phlet No. 6. Condition of load llllllllllllll

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Name and occupation of person opening car any type of lighted heater or open- flame device, or in a rail car equipped with any apparatus or mechanism uti- [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as lizing an internal combustion engine in amended by Amdt. 174–26A, 41 FR 40685, Sept. 20, 1976; Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52682, Dec. 21, its operation. 1990] (b) Division 2.1 (flammable gas) materials may not be loaded in a truck § 174.115 Loading Division 1.4 (explo- body or trailer equipped with any type sive) materials. of lighted heater or any automatic (a) Division 1.4 (explosive) materials heating or refrigerating apparatus may be loaded into any closed car in when such truck bodies or trailers are good condition, or into any container loaded on flatcars except as provided in car in good condition. Car certificates paragraph (c) of this section. are not required. Packages of Division (c) Heating or refrigeration appa- 1.4 (explosive) materials must be ratus may be operated on a motor vehi- blocked and braced to prevent their cle loaded on a flatcar when the motor shifting and possible damage due to vehicle is loaded with Division 2.1 shifting of other freight during trans- (flammable gas) materials only if: portation. For methods of rec- (1) The lading space is not equipped ommended loading and bracing see Bu- with any electrical apparatus that is reau of Explosives Pamphlet No. 6. not non-sparking or explosion-proof; (b) Division 1.4 (explosive) materials (2) There is no combustion apparatus may not be transported in a truck in the lading space; body, trailer, or container on a flatcar (3) There is no connection for the re- unless: turn of air from the lading space to any (1) The truck body, trailer, or con- combustion apparatus; and tainer is closed and tight; (2) All automatic heating or refrig- (4) The heating system conforms to erating machinery with which the § 393.77 of this title and does not heat ° truck body, trailer, or container is any part of the lading over 54 C (129 ° equipped is inoperative; and F). (3) Packages of Division 1.4 (explo- (d) For a single train of 20 or more sive) materials are blocked and braced loaded tank cars of Methane, refrig- within the truck body, trailer, or con- erated liquid in a continuous block or a tainer to prevent their shifting and single train carrying 35 or more loaded possible damage due to shifting of tank cars of Methane, refrigerated liq- other freight during transportation. uid throughout the train consist, each Ends, side walls, or doors of the truck carrier must ensure the train is body, trailer, or container may not be equipped and operated with either a relied on to prevent shifting of heavy two-way end-of-train (EOT) device, as loads. For recommended methods of defined in 49 CFR 232.5, or a distributed blocking and bracing see the Inter- power (DP) system, as defined in 49 modal Loading Guide for Products in CFR 229.5. Closed Trailers and Containers (IBR, [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as see § 171.7 of this subchapter). amended by Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52682, Dec. [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as 21, 1990; 56 FR 66281, Dec. 20, 1991; 85 FR 45030, amended by Amdt. 174–36, 44 FR 70732, Dec. July 24, 2020] 10, 1979; Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52682, Dec. 21, 1990; 66 FR 45383, Aug. 28, 2001; 68 FR 61942, § 174.201 Class 2 (gases) material cyl- Oct. 30, 2003; 76 FR 43531, July 20, 2011] inders. (a) Except as provided in paragraphs Subpart F—Detailed Requirements (b) and (c) of this section, cylinders for Class 2 (Gases) Materials containing Class 2 (gases) materials being transported in a rail car must be: § 174.200 Special handling require- (1) Securely lashed in an upright po- ments. sition so as to prevent their over- (a) Division 2.1 (flammable gas) ma- turning; terials may not be loaded, transported, (2) Loaded into racks securely at- or stored in a rail car equipped with tached to the car;

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(3) Packed in boxes or crates of such chapter) or on carrier tracks des- dimensions as to prevent their over- ignated by the carrier for such storage: turning; or (i) A tank car containing Division 2.1 (4) Loaded in a horizontal position. (flammable gas) material that is a (b) Specification DOT-4L (§ 178.57 of cryogenic liquid; or this subchapter) cylinders being trans- (ii) A tank car, except for a DOT-106A ported in a rail car must be loaded in or 110A multi-unit tank car tank an upright position and be securely (§ 179.300 or § 179.301 of this subchapter), braced. containing anhydrous ammonia; hydro- (c) Cylinders containing Class 2 gen chloride, refrigerated liquid; hy- (gases) materials may be transported drocarbon gas, liquefied; or liquefied in stock cars, gondola cars and flat petroleum gas; and having interior cars. However, they may not be trans- pipes for liquid and gas discharge ported in hopper bottom cars. valves equipped with check valves. (b) [Reserved] [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as amended by Amdt. 174–26A, 41 FR 40685, Sept. [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as 20, 1976; Amdt. 174–32, 43 FR 48644, Oct. 19, amended by Amdt. 174–26A, 41 FR 40685, Sept. 1978; Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52682, Dec. 21, 1990] 20, 1976; Amdt. 174–32, 43 FR 48644, Oct. 19, 1978; Amdt. 174–43, 48 FR 27699, June 16, 1983; § 174.204 Tank car delivery of gases, 48 FR 50440, 50441, Nov. 1, 1983; Amdt. 174–68, including cryogenic liquids. 55 FR 52682, Dec. 21, 1990] (a) A tank car containing Class 2 § 174.290 Materials extremely poi- (gases) material may not be unloaded sonous by inhalation shipped by, unless it is consigned for delivery and for, or to the Department of De- unloaded on a private track (see § 171.8 fense. of this subchapter). However, if a pri- (a) General. The provisions of this vate track is not available, it may be section apply only to materials ex- delivered and unloaded on carrier tremely poisonous by inhalation which tracks subject to the following condi- are Division 2.3 materials in Hazard tions: Zone A and Division 6.1 materials in (1) A tank car of DOT-106A or 110A Hazard Zone A, as defined in type (§ 179.300 or § 179.301 of this sub- § 173.133(a)(2) of this subchapter. Such chapter) may not be delivered and the materials when shipped by, for, or to loaded unit tanks may not be removed the Department of Defense may be from the car frame on carrier tracks. transported by rail only if loaded and However, a carrier may give permission handled in accordance with the re- for the unloading of these containers quirements of this section. on carrier tracks only if a private sid- (b) A Division 2.3 Hazard Zone A or a ing is not available within a reasonable Division 6.1 Hazard Zone A material ex- trucking distance of the final destina- tremely poisonous by inhalation may tion. In addition, before the car is ac- be transported in: cepted for transportation, the shipper (1) UN 1N1 or UN 1N2 metal drums or must obtain from the delivering carrier equivalent military specification metal and file with the originating carrier, drums, by boxcar, gondola car (flat bot- written permission for the removal and tom), or stock car in carload lots. See the consignee must furnish an ade- §§ 174.55 and 174.600 for blocking, brac- quately strong mechanical hoist by ing, and stowage requirements; which the tanks can be lifted from the (2) Tanks which are authorized under car and deposited directly upon vehi- this subchapter for a Hazard Zone A cles furnished by the consignee for im- material extremely poisonous by inha- mediate removal from carrier property. lation, Specification DOT 106A (2) The following tank cars may not (§§ 179.300 and 179.301 of this sub- be delivered and unloaded on carrier chapter), mounted on or secured to a tracks unless the lading is piped di- multi-unit car or gondola car (flat bot- rectly from the car to permanent stor- tom) in carload lots only; age tanks of sufficient capacity to re- (3) Bombs, by boxcar, or gondola car ceive the entire contents of the car; (flat bottom) in carload lots only; or however, such cars may be stored on a (4) Projectiles or ammunition for private track (see § 171.8 of this sub- cannon with gas filled projectiles, by

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boxcar in carload or less-than-carload (g) When a material extremely poi- lots. sonous by inhalation is transported in (c) Each shipment of one or more car- drums with filling holes in the sides, loads of a material extremely poi- they must be loaded on their sides with sonous by inhalation, as described in the filling holes up. They must be load- paragraph (b) of this section, must be ed lengthwise of the car in rows and accompanied by a Department of De- any space between the sides of the car fense qualified escort supplied with and the nearest row of drums must be equipment to handle leaks and other filled in with wooden boards or lumber packaging failures which could result nailed to sides of the car sufficient in in escape of the material. The escort length and width to contact both hoops shall remain with the shipment during of the drums. the entire time that it is in the cus- (h) When a material extremely poi- tody of the carrier and in the event of sonous by inhalation is transported in leakage or escape of material, shall drums in a boxcar, they must be loaded make repairs and perform decon- from ends of the car toward the space tamination as necessary. between the car doors, and there (d) When a material extremely poi- braced by center gates and wedges. See sonous by inhalation is transported in Sketch 1, Bureau of Explosives Pam- a tank, the tank must be securely phlet No. 6. mounted on a rail car especially pro- (i) The doorways of a boxcar in which vided for it or on a gondola car pre- a material poisonous by inhalation is pared with substantial wooden frames being transported must be protected by and blocks. one of the methods prescribed in (e) Bombs, projectiles, and cannon Sketch 1, Bureau of Explosives Pam- ammunition being transported by rail phlet No. 6A. must be loaded, blocked and braced as [Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52683, Dec. 21, 1990; shown in Bureau of Explosives Pam- Amdt. 174–74, 58 FR 51533, Oct. 1, 1993; 65 FR phlet No. 6A, or Department of Defense 58630, Sept. 29, 2000] specifications. When a shipment is loaded in a gondola car it must be se- Subpart G—Detailed Require- curely blocked and braced and not ments for Class 3 (Flammable loaded higher than the sides of the car. Liquid) Materials (f) When a material extremely poisonous by inhalation is transported in § 174.300 Special handling require- drums with filling holes in the heads, ments. they must be loaded on their bottoms. (a) Class 3 (flammable liquid) mate- They may be loaded in rows, length- rials may not be loaded, transported, wise of the car and any space between or stored in a rail car equipped with the sides of the car and the nearest row any type of lighted heater or open- of drums must be ‘‘filled in’’ with flame device, or in a rail car equipped wooden boards or lumber nailed to with any apparatus or mechanism uti- sides of the car sufficient in length and lizing an internal combustion engine in width to contact both hoops of drums, its operation. or they may be loaded across the car in (b) A truck body or trailer which is staggered stacks of which the number loaded with a Class 3 (flammable liq- of drums in alternate stacks is reduced uid) materials and equipped with a by one drum. All drums in stacks fol- lighted heater or any automatic heat- lowing the first stack loaded in the end ing or refrigerating apparatus may not of the car must be placed tightly into be loaded on a flatcar except as pro- the angle of the space formed by the vided in paragraph (c) of this section. sidewalls of the drum in the preceding (c) Heating or refrigeration appa- stack. Any space between the sides of ratus on a motor vehicle loaded with the car and the drums in stacks having Class 3 (flammable liquid) materials the greater number of drums must be may be operated while the motor vehi- filled in with wooden boards or lumber cle is loaded on a flatcar only if: nailed to sides of the car sufficient in (1) The lading space is not equipped length and width to contact both hoops with any electrical apparatus that is of the drums. not non-sparking or explosion-proof;

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(2) There is no combustion apparatus travels within the limits of high-threat in the lading space; urban areas (HTUAs) as defined in (3) There is no connection for the re- § 1580.3 of this title, unless all tank cars turn of air from the lading space to any containing a Class 3 flammable liquid combustion apparatus; and meet or exceed the DOT Specification (4) The heating system conforms to 117 standards, the DOT Specification § 393.77 of this title and does not heat 117P performance standards, or the any part of the lading over 54 °C (129 DOT Specification 117R retrofit stand- °F). ards provided in part 179, subpart D of (d) Metal barrels or drums containing this subchapter. Class 3 (flammable liquid) materials (3) Braking. Each rail carrier oper- may be transported in a steel gondola ating a high-hazard flammable train or flatcar or in a stock car. However, (as defined in § 171.8 of this subchapter) they may not be transported in a hop- operating at a speed in excess of 30 mph per bottom car. must ensure the train is equipped and [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as operated with either a two-way end-of- amended by Amdt. 174–31, 43 FR 31143, July train (EOT) device, as defined in 49 20, 1978; Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52683, Dec. 21, CFR 232.5, or a distributed power (DP) 1990] system, as defined in 49 CFR 229.5. (4) New tank cars. After October 1, § 174.304 Class 3 (flammable liquid) 2015, tank cars manufactured for use in materials in tank cars. a HHFT must meet: A tank car containing a Class 3 (i) DOT Specification 117, or 117P per- (flammable liquid) material, other formance standard in part 179, subpart than liquid road asphalt or tar, may D of this subchapter; or not be transported by rail unless it is (ii) An authorized tank specification originally consigned or subsequently as specified in part 173, subpart F of reconsigned to a party having a private this subchapter. track on which it is to be delivered and (5) Retrofit reporting. Owners of non- unloaded (see § 171.8 of this subchapter) jacketed DOT–111 tank cars in PG I or to a party using railroad siding fa- service in an HHFT, who are unable to cilities which are equipped for piping meet the January 1, 2017, retrofit dead- the liquid from the tank car to perma- line specified in § 173.243(a)(1) of this nent storage tanks of sufficient capac- subchapter are required to submit a re- ity to receive the entire contents of the port by March 1, 2017, to Department of car. Transportation. A group representing owners may submit a consolidated re- [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as amended by Amdt. 174–32, 43 FR 48644, Oct. port to the Department of Transpor- 19, 1978; Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52683, Dec. 21, tation in lieu of individual reports 1990] from each tank car owner. The report must include the following information § 174.310 Requirements for the oper- regarding the retrofitting progress: ation of high-hazard flammable (i) The total number of tank cars ret- trains. rofitted to meet the DOT–117R speci- (a) Applicability. Each rail carrier op- fication; erating a high-hazard flammable train (ii) The total number of tank cars (as defined in § 171.8 of this subchapter) built or retrofitted to meet the DOT– must comply with each of the following 117P specification; additional safety requirements with re- (iii) The total number of DOT–111 spect to each high-hazard flammable tank cars (including those built to train that it operates: CPC–1232 industry standard) that have (1) Routing. The additional planning not been modified; requirements for transportation by rail (iv) The total number of tank cars in accordance with part 172, subpart I built to meet the DOT–117 specifica- of this subchapter. tion; and (2) Speed restrictions. All trains are (v) Entities required to submit a re- limited to a maximum speed of 50 mph. port under this paragraph shall submit The train is further limited to a max- subsequent follow-up reports con- imum speed of 40 mph while that train taining the information identified in

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this paragraph within 60 days of being State or tribal agency responsible for notified by PHMSA and FRA. receiving the information; and (6) Oil spill response plans. The addi- (5) If a route identified in paragraph tional requirements for petroleum oil (b)(2) of this section is additionally transported by rail in accordance with subject to the comprehensive spill plan part 130 of of this chapter. requirements in subpart C of part 130 of (7) High-hazard flammable train this chapter, the information must in- (HHFT) information sharing notification clude a description of the response for emergency response planning. The ad- zones (including counties and states) ditional requirements for notification and the contact information for the in § 174.312. qualified individual and alternate, as (b) [Reserved] specified under § 130.120(c) of this chapter. [80 FR 26748, May 8, 2015, as amended at 83 (c) The HHFT notification must be FR 48401, Sept. 25, 2018; 84 FR 6952, Feb. 28, maintained and transmitted in accord- 2019] ance with all of the following requirements: § 174.312 HHFT information sharing notification for emergency response (1) Railroads must update the notifi- planning. cations for changes in volume greater than 25%. (a) Prior to operating high-hazard (2) Notifications and updates may be flammable trains (HHFTs) as defined in transmitted electronically or by hard § 171.8 of this subchapter, a railroad copy. must provide the information described (3) If the disclosure includes informa- in paragraphs (b) and (c) to each State tion that a railroad believes is security Emergency Response Commission sensitive or proprietary and exempt (SERC), Tribal Emergency Response from public disclosure, the railroad Commission (TERC), or other appro- should indicate that in the notifica- priate State-delegated agency in each tion. State through which it operates (4) Each point of contact must be HHFTs. The SERC, TERC, or other ap- clearly identified by name or title, and propriate State-delegated agency shall contact role (e.g., qualified individual, further distribute the information to HHFT point of contact) in association the appropriate local authorities at with the telephone number. One point their request. of contact may fulfill multiple roles. (b) At a minimum, the information (5) Copies of the railroad’s notifica- railroads are required to provide to the tions made under this section must be relevant State or tribal agencies must made available to the Department of include all of the following: Transportation upon request. (1) A reasonable estimate of the number of HHFTs that the railroad expects [84 FR 6952, Feb. 28, 2019] to operate each week, through each county within the State or through Subparts H–I [Reserved] each tribal jurisdiction; (2) The routes over which the HHFTs Subpart J—Detailed Requirements will operate; for Division 6.1 (Poisonous) (3) A description of the hazardous Materials materials being transported and all applicable emergency response informa- § 174.600 Special handling require- tion required by subparts C and G of ments for materials extremely poi- part 172 of this subchapter; sonous by inhalation. (4) An HHFT point of contact: At A tank car containing a material ex- least one point of contact at the rail- tremely poisonous by inhalation which road (including name or email address, is a Division 2.3 material in Hazard title, phone number and address) who Zone A or a Division 6.1 material in has knowledge of the railroad’s trans- Hazard Zone A, as defined in portation of affected trains and who is § 173.133(a)(2) of this subchapter, may responsible for serving as the point of not be transported by rail unless it is contact for the SERC, TERC, or other originally consigned or subsequently

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reconsigned to a party having a private Subpart K—Detailed Requirements track on which it is to be delivered and for Class 7 (Radioactive) Materials unloaded (see § 171.8 of this subchapter) or to a party using railroad siding fa- § 174.700 Special handling require- cilities which are equipped for piping ments for Class 7 (radioactive) ma- the liquid or gas from the tank car to terials. permanent storage tanks or sufficient (a) Each rail shipment of low specific capacity to receive the entire contents activity materials or surface contami- of the car. See the requirements in nated objects as defined in § 173.403 of § 174.290 for materials extremely poi- this subchapter must be loaded so as to sonous by inhalation which are shipped avoid spillage and scattering of loose by, for, or to the Department of De- material. Loading restrictions are pre- fense. scribed in § 173.427 of this subchapter. (b) The number of packages of Class 7 [Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52684, Dec. 21, 1990] (radioactive) materials that may be transported by rail car or stored at any § 174.615 Cleaning cars. single location is limited to a total (a) [Reserved] transport index and a total criticality (b) After Division 6.1 (poisonous) ma- safety index (as defined in § 173.403 of terials are unloaded from a rail car, this subchapter) of not more than 50 that car must be thoroughly cleaned each. This provision does not apply to unless the car is used exclusively in the exclusive use shipments as described in carriage of Division 6.1 (poisonous) ma- §§ 173.403, 173.427, 173.441, and 173.457 of this subchapter. terials. (c) Each package of Class 7 (radio- [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as active) material bearing RADIO- amended by Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52684, Dec. ACTIVE YELLOW-II or RADIOACTIVE 21, 1990; Amdt. 174–82, 61 FR 18933, Apr. 29, YELLOW-III labels may not be placed 1996] closer than 0.9 m (3 feet) to an area (or dividing partition between areas) § 174.680 Division 6.1 (poisonous) ma- which may be continuously occupied terials with foodstuffs. by any passenger, rail employee, or (a) Except as provided in paragraph shipment of one or more animals, nor (b) of this section, a carrier may not closer than 4.5 m (15 feet) to any pack- transport any package bearing a POI- age containing undeveloped film (if so SON or POISON INHALATION HAZ- marked). If more than one package of ARD label in the same car with any Class 7 (radioactive) materials is material marked as, or known to be, a present, the distance must be com- foodstuff, feed or any other edible ma- puted from the table below on the basis terial intended for consumption by hu- of the total transport index number mans or animals. (determined by adding together the transport index numbers on the labels (b) A carrier must separate any pack- of the individual packages) of packages age bearing a POISON label displaying in the rail car or storage area: the text ‘‘PG III,’’ or bearing a ‘‘PG III’’ mark adjacent to the POISON Minimum separa- Minimum dis- tion distance to tance to area of label, from materials marked as or nearest undevel- persons or min- known to be foodstuffs, feed or any oped film imum distance Total transport from dividing par- other edible materials intended for index tition of a com- consumption by humans or animals, as Meters Feet bination car required in § 174.81(e)(3) for classes Meters Feet identified with the letter ‘‘O’’ in the None ...... 0 0 0 0 Segregation Table for Hazardous Mate- 0.1 to 10.0 ...... 4 .5 15 0 .9 3 rials. 10.1 to 20.0 ...... 6 .7 22 1 .2 4 20.1 to 30.0 ...... 7 .7 29 1 .5 5 [64 FR 10781, Mar. 5, 1999] 30.1 to 40.0 ...... 10 33 1 .8 6 40.1 to 50.0 ...... 10 .9 36 2.1 7

NOTE: The distance in this table must be measured from the nearest point on the nearest packages of Class 7 (radioactive) materials.

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(d) Each shipment of fissile material shows that the radiation dose rate does packages must conform to require- not exceed 0.1 mSv per hour (10 mrem ments of §§ 173.457 and 173.459. per hour) at the interior surface or 0.02 (e) [Reserved] mSv per hour (2 mrem per hour) at 1 m (f) A person shall not remain unnec- (3.3 feet) from any interior surface. The essarily in, on or near a transport vehi- transport vehicle must be stenciled cle containing Class 7 (radioactive) ma- with the words ‘‘FOR RADIOACTIVE terials. MATERIALS USE ONLY’’ in lettering (g) In the case of packages shipped at least 7.6 cm (3 inches) high in a con- under the exclusive use provisions of spicuous place on both sides of the ex- § 173.441(b) of this subchapter for pack- terior of the transport vehicle, and it ages with external radiation levels in must be kept closed at all times other excess of 2 mSv per hour (200 mrem per than during loading and unloading. hour) at the package surface— (1) The transport vehicle must meet [Amdt. 174–80, 60 FR 50332, Sept. 28, 1995, as the requirements for a closed transport amended by 66 FR 45383, Aug. 28, 2001; 79 FR 40618, July 11, 2014] vehicle (§ 173.403 of this subchapter); (2) Each package must be secured so § 174.750 Incidents involving leakage. that its position within the transport vehicle remains fixed under conditions (a) In addition to the incident report- normally incident to transportation; ing requirements of §§ 171.15 and 171.16 and of this subchapter, the carrier shall (3) The radiation level may not ex- also notify the offeror at the earliest ceed 0.02 mSv per hour (2 mrem per practicable moment following any inci- hour) in any normally occupied posi- dent in which there has been breakage, tion in the transport vehicle or adja- spillage, or suspected radioactive con- cent rail car. tamination involving Class 7 (radioactive) materials shipments. Transport [Amdt. 174–80, 60 FR 50331, Sept. 28, 1995, as amended by Amdt. 174–80, 61 FR 20753, May 8, vehicles, buildings, areas, or equipment 1996; 66 FR 45383, Aug. 28, 2001; 69 FR 3693, in which Class 7 (radioactive) materials Jan. 26, 2004; 79 FR 40618, July 11, 2014] have been spilled may not be again placed in service or routinely occupied § 174.715 Cleanliness of transport vehi- until the radiation dose rate at every cles after use. accessible surface is less than 0.005 (a) Each transport vehicle used for mSv per hour (0.5 mrem per hour) and transporting Class 7 (radioactive) ma- there is no significant removable radio- terials under exclusive use conditions active surface contamination (see (as defined in § 173.403 of this sub- § 173.443 of this subchapter). chapter) in accordance with (b) The package or materials should § 173.427(b)(4), § 173.427(c), or § 173.443(b), be segregated as far as practicable must be surveyed with appropriate ra- from personnel contact. If radiological diation detection instruments after advice or assistance is needed, the U.S. each use. A transport vehicle may not Department of Energy (DOE) should be returned to Class 7 (radioactive) ma- also be notified. In case of obvious terials exclusive use transport service, leakage, or if it appears likely that the and then only for a subsequent exclu- inside container may have been dam- sive use shipment utilizing the provi- aged, care should be taken to avoid in- sions of any of the paragraphs halation, ingestion, or contact with the § 173.427(b)(4), § 173.427(c), or § 173.443(b), Class 7 (radioactive) material. Any until the radiation dose rate at any ac- loose Class 7 (radioactive) materials cessible surface is 0.005 mSv per hour should be left in a segregated area and (0.5 mrem per hour) or less, and there is held pending disposal instructions, no significant non-fixed contamina- from qualified persons. tion, as specified in § 173.443(a) of this subchapter. [Amdt. 174–26, 41 FR 16092, Apr. 15, 1976, as amended by Amdt. 174–42, 48 FR 10245, Mar. (b) This section does not apply to any 10, 1983; Amdt. 174–61, 51 FR 34987, Oct. 1, transport vehicle used solely for trans- 1986; Amdt. 174–65, 53 FR 38274, Sept. 29, 1988; porting Class 7 (radioactive) materials Amdt. 174–68, 55 FR 52684, Dec. 21, 1990; Amdt. if a survey of the interior surface 174–80, 60 FR 50332, Sept. 28, 1995]

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PART 175—CARRIAGE BY 175.900 Handling requirements for carbon di- AIRCRAFT oxide, solid (dry ice). AUTHORITY: 49 U.S.C. 5101–5128; 44701; 49 Subpart A—General Information and CFR 1.81 and 1.97. Regulations SOURCE: 71 FR 14604, Mar. 22, 2006, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 175.1 Purpose, scope and applicability. 175.3 Unacceptable hazardous materials Subpart A—General Information shipments. and Regulations 175.8 Exceptions for operator equipment and items of replacement. 175.9 Special aircraft operations. § 175.1 Purpose, scope and applica- 175.10 Exceptions for passengers, crew- bility. members, and air operators. (a) This part prescribes requirements 175.20 Compliance and training. that apply to the transportation of 175.25 Passenger notification system. hazardous materials in commerce 175.26 Notification at cargo facilities of hazardous materials requirements. aboard (including attached to or sus- 175.30 Inspecting shipments. pended from) aircraft. The require- 175.31 Reports of discrepancies. ments in this part are in addition to 175.33 Shipping paper and information to other requirements contained in parts the pilot-in-command. 171, 172, 173, 178, and 180 of this sub- 175.34 Exceptions for cylinders of com- chapter. pressed oxygen or other oxidizing gases transported within the State of Alaska. (b) This part applies to the offering, acceptance, and transportation of haz- Subpart B—Loading, Unloading and ardous materials in commerce by air- Handling craft to, from, or within the United States, and to any aircraft of United 175.75 Quantity limitations and cargo loca- States registry anywhere in air com- tion. 175.78 Stowage compatibility of cargo. merce. This subchapter applies to any 175.88 Inspection, orientation and securing person who performs, attempts to per- of packages of hazardous materials. form, or is required to perform any 175.90 Damaged shipments. function subject to this subchapter, including—(1) Air carriers, indirect air Subpart C—Specific Regulations Applica- carriers, and freight forwarders and ble According to Classification of Ma- their flight and non-flight employees, terial agents, subsidiary and contract per- 175.310 Transportation of flammable liquid sonnel (including cargo, passenger and fuel; aircraft only means of transpor- baggage acceptance, handling, loading tation and unloading personnel); and 175.501 Special requirements for oxidizers (2) Air passengers that carry any haz- and compressed oxygen. ardous material on their person or in 175.630 Special requirements for Division 6.1 their carry-on or checked baggage. (poisonous) material and Division 6.2 (in- fectious substances) materials. (c) This part does not apply to air- 175.700 Special limitations and require- craft of United States registry under ments for Class 7 materials. lease to and operated by foreign na- 175.701 Separation distance requirements tionals outside the United States if: for packages containing Class 7 (radio- (1) Hazardous materials forbidden active) materials in passenger-carrying aboard aircraft by § 172.101 of this sub- aircraft. 175.702 Separation distance requirements chapter are not carried on the aircraft; for packages containing Class 7 (radio- and active) materials in cargo aircraft. (2) Other hazardous materials are 175.703 Other special requirements for the carried in accordance with the regula- acceptance and carriage of packages con- tions of the State (nation) of the air- taining Class 7 materials. craft operator. 175.704 Plutonium shipments. 175.705 Radioactive contamination. (d) The requirements of this sub- 175.706 Separation distances for undevel- chapter do not apply to transportation oped film from packages containing of hazardous material in support of Class 7 (radioactive) materials. dedicated air ambulance, firefighting,

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