The Cedar Tree – the Symbol of a Country
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Ing Items Have Been Registered
ACCEPTANCES Page 1 of 37 June 2017 LoAR THE FOLLOWING ITEMS HAVE BEEN REGISTERED: ÆTHELMEARC Alrekr Bergsson. Device. Per saltire gules and sable, in pale two wolf’s heads erased and in fess two sheaves of arrows Or. Brahen Lapidario. Name and device. Argent, a lozenge gules between six French-cut gemstones in profile, two, two and two azure, a base gules. The ’French-cut’ is a variant form of the table cut, a precursor to the modern brilliant cut. It dates to the early 15th Century, according to "Diamond Cuts in Historic Jewelry" by Herbert Tillander. There is a step from period practice for gemstones depicted in profile. Hrólfr á Fjárfelli. Device. Argent estencely sable, an ash tree proper issuant from a mountain sable. Isabel Johnston. Device. Per saltire sable and purpure, a saltire argent and overall a winged spur leathered Or. Lisabetta Rossi. Name and device. Per fess vert and chevronelly vert and Or, on a fess Or three apples gules, in chief a bee Or. Nice early 15th century Florentine name! Símon á Fjárfelli. Device. Azure, a drakkar argent and a mountain Or, a chief argent. AN TIR Akornebir, Canton of. Badge for Populace. (Fieldless) A squirrel gules maintaining a stringless hunting horn argent garnished Or. An Tir, Kingdom of. Order name Order of Lions Mane. Submitted as Order of the Lion’s Mane, we found no evidence for a lion’s mane as an independent heraldic charge. We therefore changed the name to Order of _ Lions Mane to follow the pattern of Saint’s Name + Object of Veneration. -
Examples of Iraq and Syria
BearWorks MSU Graduate Theses Fall 2017 The Unraveling of the Nation-State in the Middle East: Examples of Iraq and Syria Zachary Kielp Missouri State University, [email protected] As with any intellectual project, the content and views expressed in this thesis may be considered objectionable by some readers. However, this student-scholar’s work has been judged to have academic value by the student’s thesis committee members trained in the discipline. The content and views expressed in this thesis are those of the student-scholar and are not endorsed by Missouri State University, its Graduate College, or its employees. Follow this and additional works at: https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses Part of the International Relations Commons, and the Near and Middle Eastern Studies Commons Recommended Citation Kielp, Zachary, "The Unraveling of the Nation-State in the Middle East: Examples of Iraq and Syria" (2017). MSU Graduate Theses. 3225. https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses/3225 This article or document was made available through BearWorks, the institutional repository of Missouri State University. The work contained in it may be protected by copyright and require permission of the copyright holder for reuse or redistribution. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE UNRAVELING OF THE NATION-STATE IN THE MIDDLE EAST: EXAMPLES OF IRAQ AND SYRIA A Masters Thesis Presented to The Graduate College of Missouri State University TEMPLATE In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science, Defense and Strategic Studies By Zachary Kielp December 2017 Copyright 2017 by Zachary Kielp ii THE UNRAVELING OF THE NATION-STATE IN THE MIDDLE EAST: EXAMPLES OF IRAQ AND SYRIA Defense and Strategic Studies Missouri State University, December 2017 Master of Science Zachary Kielp ABSTRACT After the carnage of World War One and the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire a new form of political organization was brought to the Middle East, the Nation-State. -
Squaring the Circles in Syria's North East
Squaring the Circles in Syria’s North East Middle East Report N°204 | 31 July 2019 Headquarters International Crisis Group Avenue Louise 149 • 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 • Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Preventing War. Shaping Peace. Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. The Search for Middle Ground ......................................................................................... 3 A. The U.S.: Caught between Turkey and the YPG ........................................................ 3 1. Turkey: The alienated ally .................................................................................... 4 2. “Safe zone” or dead end? The buffer debate ........................................................ 8 B. Moscow’s Missed Opportunity? ................................................................................. 11 C. The YPG and Damascus: Playing for Time ................................................................ 13 III. A War of Attrition with ISIS Remnants ........................................................................... 16 A. The SDF’s Approach to ISIS Detainees ..................................................................... 16 B. Deteriorating Relations between the SDF and Local Tribes .................................... -
Rebuilding Lebanon by Amine Gemayel
U.N. Security Council Resolution 338 October 22, 1973 Rebuilding Lebanon by Amine Gemayel Preface The publication at this time of a work advocating the reform of Lebanon's political system and economy may seem paradoxical: Lebanon is still occupied by foreign troops and its sovereignty is in doubt. But such a work is urgently needed to turn the thought of the international community toward Lebanon's reconstruc‐ tion and to give clear direction to the hopes of its citizens, especially its youth. Soon after the inception of the Lebanese war in 1975, I began to think about plans for the reconstruction of my country: its identity, its institutions, and its economy. When the war was at its height in 1978, 1 created the House of the Future, a documentation and research center aimed at building a peaceful future based on dialogue. After being elected President of the Republic in 1982, I set to work to create a new country, mak‐ ing renewal and peace my top priorities. At my request the Council for Development and Reconstruction (CDR), a governmental organism created in 1976, undertook research and then worked out plans to finance and set in motion the country's reconstruction. The Lebanese people were eager to participate in the re‐ form, and it received wide‐spread international support. I also undertook a series of initiatives in the politi‐ cal, diplomatic, and economic spheres, in order to guarantee Lebanon's influence in the region as well as revitalize its production and service activities. At the same lime I refused to give in to the regional powers that wanted to reduce Lebanon's sovereignty. -
The Heraldry Ofspatx and Portugal
^ 49 THE HERALDRY OF SPATX AND PORTUGAL. By the Rev. JOHN WOODWARD, F.S.A,, Scot. ^lore than half a century has elapsed since Mr. Ford commenced in the pages of the ' Quarterly Review,' tlie publication of his interesting papers on Spanish matters. In them the art, the literature, the architec- ture, and the amusements of tlie great Peninsular kingdom were passed in relating.'^ review, and made the subjects of most valuable papers ; which, to a country, slower to change than almost any in Europe, and, moreover, lying somewhat out of the beaten track of ordinary travel, are still a storehouse of information on Cosas de Espana which no one who visits Spain, or writes on its affairs, would be wise to overlook. Among those papers is one published in 1838, upon " Spanish Genealogy and Heraldry,"- whicli is so full of interesting matter that many of the readers of tue Genealogist may be thankful to be informed or reminded of its existence, although fifty years have passed since its publication. The paper is one, moreover, which is of interest as being * one of tlie very few to whicli the editors of the Quarterly Review ' have permitted the introduction of illustrative woodcuts. These are, indeed, only seven in number, and they are not particularly well chosen, or well executed ; the reader will find remarks on some of them before the close of this paper. It is the purpose of the present writer to deal only with the second- named of the subjects of ]\Ir. Ford's article, and to leave its curious information with regard to Spanish Genealogies for treatment on some future occasion. -
Middle East 1 Middle East
Middle East 1 Middle East Middle East Map of the Middle east. (Green color) Countries 18–38 (varying definitions) Languages Middle East: Arabic, Aramaic, Azerbaijani, French, Greek, Hebrew, Kurdish, Persian, Somali, Turkish Greater Middle East: Arabic, Armenian, Azerbaijani, Balochi, Berber, Dari, French, Greek, Georgian, Hebrew, Kurdish, Pashto, Persian, Somali, Tigrinya, Turkish, Urdu Time Zones UTC +3:30 (Iran) to UTC +2:00 (Egypt) (traditional definition) Largest Cities In rank order: Istanbul, Cairo, Tehran, Baghdad, Riyadh, Jeddah, Ankara The Middle East[1] is a region that roughly encompasses Western Asia. The term is considered to be Eurocentric and used as a synonym for Near East, in opposition to Far East. The corresponding adjective is Middle-Eastern and the derived noun is Middle-Easterner. The largest ethnic group in the middle east are Arabs,[2] with Turks, Turkomans, Persians, Kurds, Azeris, Copts, Jews, Maronites, Assyro-Chaldeans, Circassians, Armenians, Druze and numerous other ethnic groups forming other significant populations. The history of the Middle East dates back to ancient times, and throughout its history, the Middle East has been a major center of world affairs. When discussing ancient history, however, the term Near East is more commonly used. The Middle East is also the historical origin of major religions such as Judaism, Christianity, and Islam as well as the less common Baha'i faith, Mandaeism, Druze faith and others. The Middle East generally has an arid and hot climate, with several major rivers providing for irrigation to support agriculture in limited areas, especially in Mesopotamia and the rest of the Fertile Crescent. Many countries located around the Persian Gulf have large quantities of crude oil, which has resulted in much wealth particularly for nations in the Arabian peninsula. -
Syria Pictures and Text by Unknown
Syria Pictures and Text by Unknown April 2008 Manual slide-Show 73 Slides A picture of third-class train passengers in Syria in 1908. This was on the Hejaz Railway connecting Damascus to Medina. The first train had reached Medina coming from Damascus on August 22, 1908. A photograph of an American tourist in Syria in 1870. The American Flag is hoisted over his caravan. A Jewish family in Damascus, pictured in their ancient Damascene home, in Ottoman Syria in 1901. A poster announcing the arrival of the Syrian Reverend Barakat to preach about Christianity in the United States in 1896. It reads “A thrilling experience” and adds “the first as of yet the only minister preaching in this country from Damascus.” The cost of attendance was 20 cents and the ceremony was held in Iowa . Crowds gathered on Victoria Bridge in Damascus in the 1870s. They are picnicking on the banks of the River Barada, probably on a Friday. This bridge was removed in 1925 but the spot is still called Victoria Bridge. It was named after the nearby Victoria Hotel, which was also removed. The hotel was the largest tourist hotel in Syria, owned by Ahmad Izzat al-Abid, the private advisor to the Ottoman Sultan Abdulhamid II. The area seen in the picture is now completely covered in a broad avenue named Shukri al-Quwatli Street A barber shop in old Damascus. This picture was taken in 1900. The Hejaz Railway Station in Damascus during World War I. The station was not build until after 1912 but the Damascus-Medina railroad had been created in 1908. -
Funseth, Robert L
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project ROBERT L. FUNSETH Interviewed by: Charles Stuart Kennedy Initial interview date: June 13, 1994 Copyright 2002 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Born in Minnesota, raised in New York Hobart College; School of International Studies (SAIS), Cornell U. US Navy Newspaper editor and correspondent Mutual Security Agency 1952-1953 Teheran/Tabriz, Iran: USIA; Information & Cultural Officer 1954-1956 Ambassador Loy Henderson Embassy Personnel The Shah Azerbaijan Point Four Programs Environment Ethnic groups Russian troops Teaching American Studies The Mullahs Shiite customs Public views of Soviets Status of women US support of Shah’s policies Entered the State Department Foreign Service 1956 Beirut, Lebanon; Political Officer 1957-1959 Eisenhower Doctrine Foreign Minister Charles Malik Egypt’s President Nasser Reporting General Chehab Religious groups 1 Universities President Chamoun seeks reelection Soviet Union Election controversy King of Iraq assassination Chamoun invokes Eisenhower Doctrine Sixth Fleet landing Partial evacuation of dependents Person activity during landing General Wade Political maneuvering Colonel and Mary William Eddy Political and religious conflict Robert Murphy visit Arranging Murphy meeting with the opposition US policy Ambassador Robert McClintock Karami’s Washington visit Award General Paul Adams United Nation Nations Observers Comments on the Landing Operation Israel Composition of Landing Force Lebanese political leaders State Department; United Nations Affairs 1959-1961 Henry Cabot Lodge Hammarskjöld Laos Congo Adlai Stevenson UN operations Soviets in Africa Bordeaux, France: Consular Officer 1961-1964 Environment President Kennedy popularity Underground in WWII Collaborators in WWII Charles de Gaulle Adenauer visit Relations Communist Party Ambassadors’ Wine Tasting University of Bordeaux 2 Politics State Department; Portugal Desk Office 1964- INTERVIEW [Note: This interview was not edited by Mr. -
Jihadism in Africa Local Causes, Regional Expansion, International Alliances
SWP Research Paper Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik German Institute for International and Security Affairs Guido Steinberg and Annette Weber (Eds.) Jihadism in Africa Local Causes, Regional Expansion, International Alliances RP 5 June 2015 Berlin All rights reserved. © Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik, 2015 SWP Research Papers are peer reviewed by senior researchers and the execu- tive board of the Institute. They express exclusively the personal views of the authors. SWP Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik German Institute for International and Security Affairs Ludwigkirchplatz 34 10719 Berlin Germany Phone +49 30 880 07-0 Fax +49 30 880 07-100 www.swp-berlin.org [email protected] ISSN 1863-1053 Translation by Meredith Dale (Updated English version of SWP-Studie 7/2015) Table of Contents 5 Problems and Recommendations 7 Jihadism in Africa: An Introduction Guido Steinberg and Annette Weber 13 Al-Shabaab: Youth without God Annette Weber 31 Libya: A Jihadist Growth Market Wolfram Lacher 51 Going “Glocal”: Jihadism in Algeria and Tunisia Isabelle Werenfels 69 Spreading Local Roots: AQIM and Its Offshoots in the Sahara Wolfram Lacher and Guido Steinberg 85 Boko Haram: Threat to Nigeria and Its Northern Neighbours Moritz Hütte, Guido Steinberg and Annette Weber 99 Conclusions and Recommendations Guido Steinberg and Annette Weber 103 Appendix 103 Abbreviations 104 The Authors Problems and Recommendations Jihadism in Africa: Local Causes, Regional Expansion, International Alliances The transnational terrorism of the twenty-first century feeds on local and regional conflicts, without which most terrorist groups would never have appeared in the first place. That is the case in Afghanistan and Pakistan, Syria and Iraq, as well as in North and West Africa and the Horn of Africa. -
Threshold for Regional Stabilitydownload
Lebanon: Threshold for Regional Stability Amine Gemayel President of the Republic of Lebanon, 1982-1988 Remarks Delivered at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars Washington, D.C. 8 February 2007 1 Contents Introduction The Centrality of Lebanon Lebanon as a Threshold The Threshold Option and the Need for Internal Dialogue The Threshold Option and the Need for Regional Diplomacy Conclusion Introduction It is an honor to participate in this Director’s Forum at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. This Center is a great venue for respectful dialogue and reasoned debate and is recognized as such throughout the world. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Wilson Center, which operates under the skillful direction of Lee Hamilton and Michael Van Dusen. As co-chairman of the Iraq Study Group, Mr. Hamilton again demonstrated why he enjoys a well-deserved reputation as one of America’s wisest statesmen. The Centrality of Lebanon Ladies and Gentlemen, the Middle East region is desperately in need of peace. Most obviously, the Middle East needs peace in Iraq and in Palestine. Additionally, intensifying sectarian tremors threaten to tear open fault lines throughout the Arab world. Given the realities of persistent and widespread conflict, what justifies calling Lebanon, as I do today, “The Threshold for Regional Stability?” The answer to this question begins with an understanding of how the Lebanese situation is central to the conditions in the Middle East and beyond. The centrality of Lebanon derives, I believe, from three key factors: cultural, economic, and strategic. First, taking the long view which history provides, Lebanon is intimately connected to, and a part of, both the Mediterranean cultural zone and the Middle Eastern cultural zone, and it also enjoys strong cultural links with Europe. -
Post-World War I Navigation of Imperialism, Identity, and Nationalism in the 1919-1920 Memoir Entries of Ottoman Army Officer Taha Al-Hāshimī
Post-World War I Navigation of Imperialism, Identity, and Nationalism in the 1919-1920 Memoir Entries of Ottoman Army Officer Taha Al-Hāshimī Item Type text; Electronic Thesis Authors Tomlinson, Jay Sean Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction, presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 01/10/2021 09:28:08 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/634365 POST-WORLD WAR I NAVIGATION OF IMPERIALISM, IDENTITY, AND NATIONALISM IN THE 1919-1920 MEMOIR ENTRIES OF OTTOMAN ARMY OFFICER TAHA AL-HĀSHIMĪ by Sean Tomlinson ____________________________ Copyright © Sean Tomlinson 2019 A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the SCHOOL OF MIDDLE EASTERN AND NORTH AFRICAN STUDIES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2019 3 Acknowledgements I would like to use this opportunity to acknowledge the support of a lot of amazing people who have encouraged me through my education and time at the University of Arizona. First, I would like to thank Professors Maha Nassar, Benjamin Fortna, Scott Lucas, Gökçe Günel, and Julia Clancy-Smith, for making me feel welcome at the University of Arizona’s School of Middle Eastern and North African Studies, and for encouraging and mentoring me in my studies. Next, I would like to extend my thanks to Professors Riyad al-Homsi, Mohamed Ansary, Muhammad Khudair, and Mahmoud Azaz, for their wonderful instruction in the Arabic language. -
Flags of Asia
Flags of Asia Item Type Book Authors McGiverin, Rolland Publisher Indiana State University Download date 27/09/2021 04:44:49 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10484/12198 FLAGS OF ASIA A Bibliography MAY 2, 2017 ROLLAND MCGIVERIN Indiana State University 1 Territory ............................................................... 10 Contents Ethnic ................................................................... 11 Afghanistan ............................................................ 1 Brunei .................................................................. 11 Country .................................................................. 1 Country ................................................................ 11 Ethnic ..................................................................... 2 Cambodia ............................................................. 12 Political .................................................................. 3 Country ................................................................ 12 Armenia .................................................................. 3 Ethnic ................................................................... 13 Country .................................................................. 3 Government ......................................................... 13 Ethnic ..................................................................... 5 China .................................................................... 13 Region ..................................................................