The Clan Linn 48

O F A FRA G M E N T

AN D A G EN E A LO G Y AN D RE LATE D FA M I L I ES

B y G E O R G E W I L D S L I N N

' Let J/za m rock t/z zy tle mix tlle oe c mbine , , t o Recall the ba lcy o n da ys of a u ld Za ng sy fz e LIB RARY of CONGRESS Two comes Received JU N 12 1906

C OP RI GH 1 06 Y T, 9 ,

B Y GEORGE WILDS LI N N . M O S T A F F ECTI O N ATELY T O T HE BUDS AN D TVV I GS O F

N H F TH E O U R BRA C O FAMILY TREE , WHOSE RO OTS ARE O LD ER THAN TH E CH RI S TIAN E RA

M AY TH EY N EV ER B E BLA STED B Y TH E

H LL N G W N DS OF POV R N OR N RV D B Y TH E C I I I E TY, E E ATE

H OT- D OF R C H BE S I ES .

PART I

H I S T O R I C A L

C O NTENTS .

C HAPTER I .

I N TRODUCTION

e e a e D r. le x an e r rw n n n at n r D c s of A d E i Li Co co d ,

ran n n Pa. The n am e n n sa e ars at t he F kli Cou ty , Li di pp pl ace of o rigin al se ttl e m e n t afte r t he l ap se of o n e hu n d re d

an d s x ee n e ars Th e a a o n w t h e re s s . i t y . d t hich book t

HAPTER II C .

L N M NATION ALITY OF TH E I N FA ILY .

N a n a ra The e s o r r n a n a an s rea tio l t its . C lt o igi l i h bit t of G t

n e r ara e ri s i s . The i n n s w e re e s . B ritai . Th i ch ct t c L C lt

H II C APTER I .

M L . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . c c c c c 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 TH E NA E IN N 9 0 0 0

S ign iﬁc atio n of s om e of th e give n o r baptism al nam e s in

h am S rn am e . e r a n he n ame n n as t e f ily . u s D iv tio of t Li s e e n in the re e e an d rs e o r an G k, C ltic E Highl d Scotch an a S i n iﬁc atio n h e nam e n n in h e w r n l gu ge s . g of t Li t iti gs ir a e r an d h e s r am e of S W lt Scott t Scotti h ba d C pb ll .

HA TE I C P R V .

AN CESTRY AN D MIGRATION To IRELA N D

e s as a w ar in re an a e th e B O n e Eccl i tic l s I l d . B ttl of y ,

an s in s e r e am n t he n e r rs . The nn s L d Ul t divid d o g co q u o Li , Widn e an d rw n ra e re an n e rm arr a e s y s E i s m ig t to I l d . I t i g

e w ee n e i i e r an e s r . b t th se fam l e s . Th i c t y

HA TE C P R V .

E M IGRATION

a fo n e e n en e s an d r e s . W r r Am e rican I d p d c . Whig To i n H nn e e s Em igration of Jam e s Wid e y . ugh Li d cid to

e m ra e D e ar re r m N e w r an d L n n e rr . m e r a ig t . p tu f o y o do d y A ic e n a m te r n o n ito a e a in 1 88 Th e th l os t a m i c g . Phil d lphi 7 . “ m ran ra e e r h O ld an as e r r a Th e E ig t s t v l ov t e L c t o d . Buck

a e rn . e e r a e a e r e . e t h e a T v Ch st V ll y . V ll y Fo g Sit of P oli ’ ’ m as s a re . Th e ran w n e . n e r m an n Har c B dy i Colo l Bu d s sio . ri s e rr r n e re a e r e s n a n F y . Fo t Loudo . Th y ch th i d ti tio . C HA TER I P V .

TH E L N D OF TH AD P A EIR O TION .

The e n a n s e n n an a a a e Blu Mou t i of P sylv i . P th V ll y so a e e a s e n i an ra e s r n a e c ll d b c u of I d T il . D c iptio of P th Vall y . e em e n t h e a e th e r s S ttl t of v ll y by Scotch I i h .

C HA TER II P V .

L . ON R IFE O O Q O O O O Q O O O O O O Q O Q O O O Q O Q I Q O O O O O O O 0 0 . PI EE O 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0

u r n e e n e ss th e n e e r The ne e r a n . O i d bt d to pio . pio c bi ” T he fi re a e an d n e r bo x . The a w e pl c ti d t llo dip . M thod “ ra s n fi rs r s r m e r s m o r rn of i i g t c op . P i itiv g i t ill Co ” “ ra e r ax . s en e s fi e s . The r C ck . Fl Ab c of po t of c ci cuit ” e . ar r a m e s m e n e . rid r E ly o d s . Do tic dici

HAPTER III C V .

PION EER LIFE ( C o n tin u e d)

r s an d re re a n n e r e H n n an d Spo t c tio s of pio e lif . u ti g

fi n T he s n m a . s e rs . Th e r s hi g . hooti g tch Mu t Fou th of l u e r n a e r n r s an d n s . A eb tt m a . G th i g of f uit ut pp ki g. l Ji n e r e e n n re a n s . Th e s n e e Th e s e n liyt v i g di g hu ki g b . p lli g

e e Th e n be e . b . q uilti g

H PTE X C A R I .

A H H R H S ON L D AN D AN O H R AL R ER D 62 N OT ER EA T T E AI T E TA ECTE .

n n hi ra n n Hugh Li n s e l e ct s a s ite a d build s s cabi n . T i i g A m s e n t h e m e s r a hi re n i e . m of s child . gli p to do tic ci cl F ily

w rs n ﬂ e n e s e ar re s ra n n . o hip . I u c of ly ligiou t i i g

HAPTE X C R . RELIGION OF TH E LI N N s

' e e re n e h e e n e e r re n O ri n a C al R v c t k y ot of th i ligio . lly i a n t e as n s fo r e m ra n rm n n s m . n n vi is c . R o b ci g A i i i ugh Li e s a s e s la re a n an d re a n in his a n n o r t bli h y di g p chi g c bi , chu ch

e n a e ss e . s s r re a e s in n r b i g cc ibl Bi hop A bu y p ch Co co d . n n T rial s of the e arly iti e ra t .

HAPTER XI C .

TH E D P R H E L N N I S E S ION OF T I S . re e n n h e s e n an s n n n O f P s t locatio of t e d c d t of Joh Li . m L n n f r L n n r f n n a . O a e . O Willi i M y ( i ) Lough idg Hugh Li ,

2 d . O f am e n n O f an e n n am e . O f N an J s Li . J ( Li ) C pb ll cy n n a a e ( Li ) W ll c . A E XII C H PT R .

T H E A N DO N D OF TH E LD HOM S D D BA E S ITE O E TEA V I S ITE .

T h e s r n s w D m e s a e ﬂ w e rs s r w n . p i g till ﬂo s. o tic t d o till g o i g

e ﬂ e n s . The a e e m e e r An e The a e R ctio vill g c t y . El gy . vill g

n r are w e s an z as . of Co co d . F ll t E CHAPT R I .

31 ntrnhuritn n.

’ e re s a n a s a e s o u r e n s Th divi ity th t h p d , - — h e w e h o w w e a e s e are . Rough th m w ill . Sh k p

HE E decease of Dr . Alexander rwin Linn , aged

-S ix seventy years , followed by the removal of his

o . family from Concord , Franklin C , Pennsylvania , in the last year marks an important epoch in the his tory of the Linn family . For more than a century they had been prominently identiﬁed with the life and interests of that village which they helped to found years after their settlement in America . By death and removal the name has become extinct in that community , and hence forth may be known in the village annals only by the let ters cut in marble or granite in the little cemetery which crowns the hilltop nearby , where a few ancient pine trees - stand , sentinel like , guarding the last resting places of the dead .

The swiftly ﬂeeting current of events , the Whirligig of i time , has d spersed us as completely as did the confusion ’ of tongues the builders of Babel s tower . A few on the Atlantic seaboard still loo k out on the waters of the great s ferry which our forefathers cros ed , as if they would go over and w orship at the S hrine o f their ancestors on S ’ cotia s bold and rocky coast , or perhaps cast a ﬂower on o r the stream of that mighty current which , f unnumbered aeo nS , has kissed alternately the shores of our own loved land and those where yet the thistle and shamrock hold THE LAN INN TO C L .

t hear t sway , hat it might to our kin on the o her side a and message of love remembrance . i t The great majority , moved by a sp ri of worthy enter prise , have crossed the Alleghenies into that wonderful O valley where the streams of the hio , Mississippi and t o o Missouri blend , destined soon be the garden sp t of the earth and of the high e st civilization of anc ient or m odern O time . thers have ascended the plateaus of the Conti ne nt al Divide , and still others , inspired by the magic “ ” s w o f E verse , We t ard the star mpire takes its way , are already on the sands of the Paciﬁc looking out on its a o pl cid bos m , as if longing for another world to conquer . st S o True to the in incts of their c tch Irish ancestry , and ﬁlled with the restl e ss activity and indomitable enterprise o of their f refathers , they have kept in the van of civiliza tion and form an i mpo rtant factor in the life of the com m un iti s e in which they now dwell . O u r branch of the Linn family came to this country in 1 88 o t the y ear 7 , s tha for nearly a century the pair who in emigrated middle life , father and mother , have been a O few rest ing from their l bors . nly a persons now liv

ing , most of them already past the eightieth mile stone of ’ e life s journey , can rehearse with any accuracy or d tail the story of their emigration and sett lement in the N e w

13 5 . World , it came from the lips of the second generation They alone can realize something of the hardships of a

pioneer life . The data on whic h this book rests are to be fo und in a series of not es made by the author more than forty years

ago as they were dictated to him by his grandparents , 2 d b Hugh Linn and his wife , Ann (Widney) Linn , oth T D TI N I I IN RO U C O .

Ad of them at that time eighty years of age . dit io nal notes w ere also made as dict ated by his great

t . w as aunt , Miss Jane Widney , abou the same time She t a daughter of James Widney , who emigra ed from Ire h e 1 8 . S e land and s ttled in Path Valley , Pa in 7 4 had a remarkably retentive memory and loved to relate the inci t den s which had been transmitted to her by her father , as had r r they been received by him f om fo mer generations . ab t The experiences , l ors , sacriﬁces and adven ures de indellible tailed made a vivid and impression on his mind , but he did not then think that th e task would devolve upon him long afterward of reproducing some of those incidents for posterity . The following pages are especially int ended for the f th e h a younger members o clan , wit the hope th t thei r perusal may inspire them to emulate the noble virtues and r sterling qualities which characterized their ancesto s . E CHAPT R II .

ati alit N on y.

’ w e e r be s e e m s m e Ho it , it to , ’ Tis on ly n obl e to be good ; n w r s are m re an r n e s Ki d o d o th co o t , — An d m e a an N rm a en n s n s i pl f ith th o n blood . T y o .

HEN CE came I ' What am I ' Whither am I go ing ' are among the greatest questions which have ever presented themselves to man for solution . It is with the ﬁrst of these , and with that only in a limited sense , that we are now concerned . We are accustomed f to attribute to dif erent nationalities various traits . We o f S speak , and perhaps with good reason , the crafty pan iard h el m atic , the volatile Frenchman , the p g German , and E the conservative nglishman , but we cannot class our f selves with any o these . We belong to a race which is older than any of them .

Hundreds of years before the Christian era , when S olomon was building the temple of Jerusalem , the mer chants o f Tyre and Sidon who were furnishing him with S materials , were sending their ships through the traits of

Gibraltar , afterward called by the Romans the Pillars of

Hercules , to those distant isles now known as Great

Britain . There they traded for tin , furs , lead , etc . , with the strange inhabitants who were said to be enterprising, but nomadic and warlike , and living in rude dwellings ,

Often fortiﬁed , in the midst of the forests . They were the vanguard of those great currents of humanity , which from time immemorial had been sweep 1 2 Y 1 NATI ONALI T . 3 ing in successive waves across the Continent of Europe from the elevated plateaus of Asia . They were the pio ne e rs of thousands of years ago , who had reached the Ultima Thule of the ancient geographer and could get no further on account of the ocean .

When Julius Caesar set about conquering the world ,

B . C . 55, he took an army into Britain , and in his his tory of the invasion , referring to the long habitation of “ the islands , said , Tradition maintains that the people ” of the interior sprang from the soil . From this we may infer that the early migrations into the islands took place long before the memory of man . For more than four hundred years the Roman legions persisted in their at tempts to subdue this bold people . Many were driven into the mountains of Wales , some over the sea into Ire S land , and others into the Highlands of cotland , where they were afterward known as Picts . E be A wall was built by the Roman mperor Hadrian , S “ tween the river Tyne and olway Frith , called the Picts ” Wall , to secure the country south from their incursions , for they persistently fought for their independence and could not be dislodged from their mountain fastnesses . Thus we see that the Picts were the descendants of the C elts original inhabitants of Britain who were called , and that the origin of the Celts is lost in remote antiquity . S uch a people , by virtue of their environment , their contests with a rigorous climate , wild beasts and warlike neighbors , were necessarily a hardy race . Inured to u n toil and privation , unconquerable in spirit , deﬁant of due restraint , they maintained their independence in spite of every effort to subdue them by successive in E LAN LI N I 4 TH C N .

r vaders . They were no silken sybarites ene vated by liv ’ O f ing in kings houses . such were the valiant Wal lace , the intrepid Bruce , Murray and Douglas and a host of less known warriors . It was the same ﬁery blood which coursed through the veins of John Knox , inspired the Covenanters with the zeal of the martyrs , and ﬁred the ir S heart of S Walter cott , in his literary race with dis ease and death , when Abbottsford was dearer to him than life itself .

Intellectually alert , they early established seats of learn ing which rivaled those of more central and favored coun tries . Inheriting the reverence of their Druidical auces S tors for a upreme Being , they were a people of deep “ ’ S N religious feelings , and The Cotter s aturday ight , the masterpiece of Burns , presents no fanciful picture , but is true to the life . The rigor of their northern climate drew closer the bonds of family life , intensiﬁed the love of the hearth stone , cemented yet more strongly the ties of kinship ,

’ clanms h and made them , in striking contrast to the

Latin races , and as the family is the unit of the nation ff rather than the individual , their e ectiveness in war was correspondingly increased . The Linns were genuine Celts and inherited a love for -a nature , and nature in her wildest moods , love for towering mountains , precipitous rocks , sombre woods , leaping streams and deep valleys . The thunder echoing ﬁtful from mountain peak to mountain peak , the plash of foaming , swirling cataract , the arrowy rush and sullen roar of angry stream , impatient of its narrow bounds , the querulous moan of giant tree swaying to the ﬁerce NATI NALI TY 1 O . 5

attack of relentless blast , are but as music to a soul cra dled for long centuries among Highland clouds and Low land mists . - Bold , energetic and self reliant , they have ever pursued their way undaunted and contented in the midst of ’ humanity s seething masses , assured that peace and con tentm ent are greater prizes in the tournament of life than the baubles wealth and fashion , or social and politi c ial preferment . E CHAPT R III .

12 am t a 6 1 N e E n .

The n am e O e n e t he re a n r w doth ft lik put tio g o , e n le t u s in o u r a e s n w Th d ily liv but good acts k o .

LM O ST all proper names may be considered as “ ” having a deﬁnite origin . This is true of given or Christian names as well as of surnames . This is not the place , nor would the limits of such a little book as this permit us , to give any extended account of the origin of names . For the beneﬁt of the younger members of the family , however , a digression may be permitted in order to give the derivation and meaning of a few given names found among us before we turn to the surname or family name itself, in which all must be deeply inter t d e s e .

The name Hugh , which for many generations has been preserved in the Linn family , and which we hope may ever be transmitted to posterity , is of Latin origin , being derived from the Latin word Hugo , which means ri s pi t. It has been handed down in various languages in a very similar form , in the Italian Ugo , Spanish and Por tu ue s e Hu hu e s g Hugo , French g , Danish and German

Hugh . Its frequency in this latter form , Hugh , in the British Isles is proof of the great influence and power exercised by the Danes for centuries following their in

u i n a c rs o s across the North S e . The preservation of the name and its employment in so many different languages is an indication of its beauty and popularity . It is some I 6

18 THE LAN LINN C .

r — — Baker , Weave , White , Black , Brown , Long, Small ,

- N S — -0 Little , Albright , oble , tayman , Broadbelt , Broad — N r N the N bent , West , o th , orfolk ( orth people) , Suf ’ S n folk (the outh people) , Wilson (Will s Son ) , Johnso ’ (John s Son) .

The name Loughridge , Laughridge or Lochridge, prominent in our genealogical records , is derived from lo cus n two words , the ﬁrst from the Latin , Germa lach , l Gaelic loch , Scottish loch or lough , Irish augh , all mean ing a lake or body of water , and the second from the ‘ r dm riick en - hr ch G eek p , German , Anglo Saxon y g , meaning an elevation , so that the signiﬁcation of the name is an elevated lake . Such bodies of water are nu m e ro us in the Scottish Highlands . In Loughlin , Laugh lin , Lochlin , we have the word above given , combined with the word lin , concerning which see below . An oft quoted illustration of the origin of names is S s mite a that of mith , derived from the old word , and p plied to those using a hammer . For this reason it is so common , and according to the material on which per S sons wrought we have Goldsmith , ilversmith , etc . The reason for the various methods of spelling the same name is found in the fact that before the art of printing, 1 0 about 45 , and the making of dictionaries and spelling books ( less than two hundred years ago) , there was no unanimity among writers as to the most correct method of expressing on paper a given sound . Indeed very few E people could then write . ven kings and queens made “ ” a mark in signing a document . Hence scribes in various sections of the country varied in their spelling of words and put them on paper in script according to S individual fancy . Thus we have mith , Smyth , Smythe ; THE AM LIN x N E N . g

E S S . hoemaker , humaker , Schumacher , etc ven yet , lexicographers , the makers of dictionaries , spell many ff common words di erently . Many other examples might be given to illustrate the origin of some of the Christian or baptismal names in use among the Linn families , and of surnames in general , but we must now turn to that which is of especial inter L' INN est to everyone who bears the generic name of . The name Linn is of Celtic origin ( the Celts having been , as we have seen , the original inhabitants or the O f O aborigines the British Isles ) , and is lder than the

Christian era . We may even trace it to the Greek word

’ rh ym t , meaning a depression con aining water and hav ing its counterpart in the Welsh glyn , Gaelic gleann , - E Anglo Saxon and nglish glen . In the gradual evo lu tion of language the g in the word being dropped it w as transferred to the water lying in the depression , with a change in the orthography , so that we have the Welsh ll li n nne . word y , and the Gaelic The Gaelic language includes the E rse or Highland Scotch and the Irish lan guages . In the course of time the word was applied to a - placid lake like body of water . Historians and philo lo gists tell us that the City of London derived its name lin early in the Christian era from the word , a body of du n quiet water , and , a fortiﬁed hill on its banks , and the o rt b th e lak e hence means f y , the words being united ff S and having a di erent pelling for reasons given above . Still later the word was given to the pool of deep water at the foot of a waterfall , afterward to the waterfall itself , and ﬁnally to the wild , precipitous , cavernous heights surrounding it . “ Walter Scott in O ld Mo rtality uses the word in both AN INN 2 0 THE CL L .

meanings . In Chapter XLII , near the end , we read , “ ” “ An aw s o m e place , answered the woman , as ever liv ’ ing creature took refuge in . They ca it the Black Linn “ Le nk later of In Chapter XLIII , we read , A girlish treble voice asked him from without ‘ If he wad please ’ gang to the Linn , and further on , And do you often ” go this wild journey my little maid ' “ When grannie w i sends me milk and meal to the Linn . Later still S “ cott says , Although he had heard of the champions of the Covenant who had long abidden beside Dot ’s Linn

Po lm o o die on the wild heights of , and others who had been concealed in the yet more terrible cavern called C ric h o e p Linn in the parish of Closeburn , yet his imagi nation had never exactly ﬁgured out the horrors of such ” a residence . S The cotch bard Campbell has a poem , entitled , Cora ” Linn , or the Falls of the Clyde , two stanzas of which are as follows :

Dear Li nn 'let l o fti e r falli ng ﬂo o d s Have pro ud er n am e s than thine ; And n o f all e n h o ne in w o o s ki g , t r d d , Le N a h t i gara s i ne .

Mo re fury w o uld bu t di sench ant - Thy dre am in spiri ng din ; ’ B e ho th e S co sh se s ha n t u tti Mu u t , ” Ro m anti c C o ra Li nn ' From what we have seen it is evident that the name Linn was given many centuries ago to people who dwelt in the vicinity of turbulent , tumultuous , foaming cata rac ts , with their accompaniments of precipitous craggy mountains and gloomy caverns , so characteristic of the wild Scottish Highlands . CHAPTER IV

h anti m nit migration to 3Jrelaii A e y.

“ ’ Th an is t h e n e a s s am e r k but gui t p , ’ ’ ” w a The m an s t he go d fo r a th t . ’ ’ Th e hone s t m an tho e e r sae poo r ’ ’ ”— n rn s . I s ki g 0 m en fo r a that . Bu EVERY hive must have a swarm if it be a healthy one , and in course of time the Linns looked about fo r some place which might offer greater inducements for comfort than the bleak and often barren heights of

Scotland . Farther north they could not go on account of the stormy seas and frozen zone , and looking west and south they saw but a short distance away the “ E ” merald Isle .

Great changes had been taking place there . The long and bitter struggle between the factions of Protestantism and Catholicism had mainly subsided . The memorable siege of Londonderry had been raised , the battle of the

Boyne had been fought , the forces of King James had been driven to the south of Ireland , and he had ﬂed to

France . Thousands of his adherents , fearing to remain in the north , had also gone south , and the followers of O King William , the Prince of range , found themselves in possession of the country .

Following his conquest , the new king , in accordance with the custom of war in early days , had taken posses sion of the lands of his enemies and partitioned them a mong his followers . Thousands of acres of the choicest l fﬁ ands in Ulster thus changed hands . Army o cers , 3 2 I HE LAN INN 22 T C L .

who had followed him on the Continent and in Ireland , were granted large estates . Then came a deman d for new and more desirable tenants and citizens . Protestants were naturally in favor with a Protestant ownership , and now followed an S S exodus of cotch people to Ireland , not imply tillers of the soil , but also artisans and tradesmen of every class , and Ulster became a centre into which ﬂowed thousands S t of sons of pure cot ish blood , making it a stronghold of Protestantism which it has remained ever since . Into this current of migration the Linns were drawn and with the mass of their countrymen took up their h S abode in the nort eastern or cottish side of Ulster , Ire ’ N land s northern Province , in County Down , near ewry . N e w friendships of a business and social nature were acquired among the people of the neighborhood and ad j acent counties on the west , Armagh , Monaghan , Fer m anagh and Tyrone ( a distance from N ew ry of but a few miles ) . Settlers in a new location are quick to dis cover those who hail from their own fatherland , for among them they ﬁnd their own national traits and cus u i toms , a common lang age and relig on , and like business and political methods , not to speak of that feeling of kinship which draws people of the same nationality to gether when in a strange land . Among the friendships thus formed were those of two families , newcomers like themselves , with whom their destinies were to be linked O ne for generations . of these families was named Wid E ney , the other rwin . Widne s The y were descended from a Colonel Widney , an officer in the army of William the Prince of Orange I RATI N 2 M G O . 3

E of Holland . He accompanied the Prince to ngland in 1 688 th e the year , and in the following year was with army under the Duke of S chomberg in the campaign against King James II . He was at the battle of the 1 1 th 1 6 0 Boyne , July , 9 , and subsequently received from the crown for his services a considerable estate in County

Tyrone , which was handed down to his descendants . ’ Widne s Colonel y grandson James , whom we shall I st call James Widney , married Mary Wilson , of Bally ba C o u nt 1 0 y , y Monaghan , about the year 75 , and had six 2 d children who grew to maturity . James Widney , S t brother of arah ( Widney ) Linn , was the eldes and , an according to the law of primogeniture , inherited the

r l w as as r c e st a estate . He known a count y gentleman S or quire , not having any taxes to pay except to the crown . Being of an enterprising spirit he determined to cast his fortune with the newly born country across - u the sea , and when thirty one years of age sold the a ces r t tral prope ty and with all his brothers and sis ers , Sarah excepted , emigrated to America .

S . S They sailed from Londonderry on the U . hip of “ ” t War Congress ( Cap ain Knox) , which had been ﬁtted fi S for passenger traf c , and landed in Philadelphia eptem

1 1 8 . s ber 7 , 7 4 James Widney bought six hundred acre of land in Path Valley , Franklin (then Cumberland )

County , Pennsylvania , and lived there until his decease - 1 8 . in 3 5, at the age of eighty two years The E rwins were descended from an ancient S cotch E S family . Crinan rwin was ecretary of State in Scot 1 0 0 land and married the daughter of Malcolm II in 4 . ’ O n rin an King Duncan I was his son . e of C s heirs ih 2 THE C LAN LINN 4 .

h e rite d E the estate of Bonshaw , which is an arldom , and 2 h E E the 5t arl of Bonshaw is still an rwin . King S E Robert the Bruce , of cotland , made William rwin ( a son of the Earl of Bonshaw ) his S ecretary and Adjutant in his wars and gave him the Barony of Drum , which is E -o f- st ill in the rwin family . Their coat arms was also given them by King Robert the Bruce , and consists of three holly leaves bound together in sets of three on the E t o shield . The ﬁrst rwin who went Ireland from S cotland , about the time of the battle of the Boyne , was E “ E ” a lawyer named John rwin . He built Castle rwin

Fe rm ana in County g adjoining County Tyrone , which is still in the hands of his descendants . 2 d — James Widney , great grandson of Colonel Widney , 1 E married in the year 775, Ann rwin , whose father was a minister of the E stablished Church of England at

Aughnacloy , County Tyrone , and Hugh Linn married ,

1 r . 777 , Sa ah Widney , a sister of James Widney Thus we see the blood of the Linns and Widney s mingled in one family and that of the Widney s and E rwins in an S a other . ubsequently son of Hugh Linn ( Hugh Linn 2 d ) married Ann Widney , a daughter of James Widney 2 d E and Ann ( rwin ) Widney , she being his full cousin , and in that branch of the family of which the writer is a Widne s member is mingled the blood of the Linns , y and

Erwins .

26 THE C LAN LI N N . again through the fertile valleys as news of taxation without representation spread through the settlements . Each village and hamlet was a rallying point for the friends of constitutional liberty , and King George was so Often burned in efﬁ gy that children said he was “ nothing ” but a man of straw , and they came near expressing the exact truth .

Citizens were divided into two great camps , the Whigs and the Tories . The Whigs were so called because for more than a century it had been applied in Scotland ( and afterward in England ) to all opponents of the usurpation imposed on the people by the King and his adherents . The term was ﬁrst used as a derisive epithet for the

Scotch Covenanters , who , in their simple abstemious life , drank much whey , called in the language of the High “ ” lands Whig . Thus it was given as a term of reproach to all who advocated popular rights or the libe rty of the s o masses , in contradistinction to regal pow ers or the ” called divine right of kings . The Tories were so fair to re e named from the word or , meaning a thief or robber , and was applied by the Whigs to all who sym pathiz ed with the King and royal party in their efforts “ to rob the people of their inalienable rights of life , lib ” e rty and the pursuit of happiness . N ews of the great struggle for American independence was wafted across the Atlantic month after month , and kindred hearts in Erin ’s Isle looked longingly toward El u m the new Dorado . The desire to share in the free trammeled life of“ the pioneer was strengthened year by year . Many and earnest were the conferences held by Widne s E the y , Linns and rwins concerning the wisdom EM 1GRATI ON 2 7 of leaving home and kindred to live where yet the war whoop of the savage was heard , and the smoke of cabins burned by the hand of the red man was daily rising . a James Widney was a man of ction , quick to think as well as act , and he resolved to surrender the comforts r of an established home , and erect another hea thstone 1 8 among the wilds of America . In 7 4 he arrived at the s ix site of the present village of Concord , and purchased hundred acres of land , including most of that on which the village was subsequently built . A white-winged messenger was soon on its way to those he had left behind , describing the beauties and

S advantages of the new home , and oon other souls were n e c es stirred to follow in his footsteps . But time was sary to prepare for a journey which involved the break ing up of so many ties , business and social , and it was 1 88 not until four years later , 7 , that Hugh Linn started — on the long and tedious voyage across the ocean a voyage then necessitating as many weeks as days at present . In arranging for this long journey it was de cided that the second child , William , a lad of eight years , r should be left in ca e of his aunt , Rebecca Lee . r We cannot enter into the details of his pa ting , but who can realize the feelings of the man who is saying good-bye to friends with a full knowledge of the fact that he will never see them again 'The world was then a much more formidable obj ect than it is today . A voyage S across the Atlantic was the event of a lifetime . team ships , railroads , telegraphs and telephones were not then dreamed of and they have narrowed our planet down to

i a comparat vely small compass . With eyes dimmed by 2 8 THE C LAN LINN .

tears , and hands trembling with emotion , farewell is said and the lumbering car conveying them to Londonderry ,

-ﬁve seventy miles away , moves creaking and j olting over

. S N the rough country roads The church pires of ewry , E myvale and Aughnacloy , one by one , disappear in the distance , and the stone fences , and white thorn hedges , which line the highway , close in behind them , shut ting out forever the loved ones left behind . At last the old city made immortal by its memorable siege , and surrounded by its high and wide walls , looms up on the horizon , its gates are entered , and soon the hero of our story , with wife and little ones is seen climbing the gangplank of the vessel which 15 to carry them three thousand miles across the turbulent billows of the stormy

Atlantic . The loud , hoarse cries of the sailors are heard in unison as the word to heave anchor is given , the cap stan groans to the force of brawny arms , the hawser o ff - is thrown , and the white wings of the sea going bird of commerce shake themselves out to catch the passing breeze ; a little longer and the rocky crown of Malin r Head is seen on the po t bow , and then the Green Isle N disappears from view forever . ight settles down upon be them , the bright stars above and the yawning ocean neath surround them , while a prayer ascends for the guidance of that Unseen Power in which they long since learned to trust in every emergency of life . But their j ourney is by no means at an end when the

S good hip touches the wharf at Philadelphia , then the ne chief seaport of this country . O hundred and ﬁfty miles had yet to he traveled by wagon over the roughest roads ( some of them scarcely ﬁt for any wheeled vehi I RATI N 2 EM G O . 9

cle ) , fording streams and threading forests until the goal of their ambition S hould be reached . Hugh Linn had companions on board ship , who , like himself , had come across the trackless deep to make new homes for them selves , to hew out fortunes in the unknown wilds , to

. S live and to die in the strange land trange it truly was , term in c o nito for it was almost unknown , a g , except the Atlantic seaboard and some points on the Gulf of Mexico and the Mississippi River . It was long after , that Lewis and Clarke made their famous expedition to the Pacific O cean from the Mississippi River , which is just now 1 0 ( 9 5) the occasion of a great exposition at Portland , O S regon , and France and pain still held in their grasp the greater po rtion of our vast domain . All were anxious to see the city laid out by William “ ” Penn , the City of Brotherly Love . It was but a small place , containing only a few thousand inhabitants . Business houses were mainly confined to Front and Dock S ec streets , a few being found on Market as far west as ond . Private residences were confined chiefly to Arch ,

Market and Walnut , between the Delaware River and E Sixth street . A house built west of ighth street was ” S ” said to be out in the country . The tate House , S then the Capitol of the United tates , and now known as

Independence Hall , was of special interest . Having in a few hours satisﬁed their curiosity in view ing the city which was already famous as the place where the Declaration of Independence was written and signed , and the Constitution of the United States drafted and adopted , they busied themselves in procuring horses and carts to convey them to their several destinations . Lad THE LAN LI 3 0 C NN .

ing their vehicles with necessary provisions , their few h household goods and camping outﬁt , among which t e women and children had a place , they started westward , the men walking, and in a few minutes , passing out E x e Market , they had crossed ighth street , the e trem limit of building , for all beyond that was devoted to farming , trucking and dairying . Crossing the Schuylkill “ River by a ferry , they entered the Lancaster or Cones ” toga Road , the great highway leading west through

Lancaster to the mountains and beyond , and over which r supplies for the backwoods regions were transpo ted . Ten miles out from Philadelphia they came to a i a “ ” mous hostelry , known as the Buck Tavern , now the site of Bryn Mawr , and near which was the mansion of S Charles Thompson , for many years ecretary of the

Continental Congress . Ten miles farther west they t skirted the beautiful Chester Valley , into which hey could look from the Lancaster Road three hundred feet above , one of the very beautiful valleys of Pennsylvania , r three miles wide and ﬁfteen long, and on the no th side “ e of which , in full view of our emigrants , was Vall y ” Forge Hill , where Washington and his band of patriots 1 - were camped in the winter of 777 8 . Rising like a cone from the bottom of the valley it was a conspicuous object for many miles and has become a Mecca for the patriot r and historian , its summit still crowned by the t enches and forts erected by the army of the Revolution . A litt le further and they pass near the site of the Paoli

Massacre , and the mansion once occupied by General “ t Wayne , known to his contemporaries as Mad An hony ” i Wayne , whose f delity to Washington and patriotic zeal N 1 EMI GRATI O . 3

r were such that a local legend gives him c edit for saying, that if Washington would plan the campaign he would storm hell itself . Ten miles more and they cross the waters of the Brandywine , on whose banks was fought

t . the bat le of that name Beyond Lancaster , near High spire , they pass the mansion of Colonel James Burd , who during the Revolution had commanded the 4th Battalion Riﬂem en t of Pennsylvania . Lit le did Sarah (Widney) r Linn , wife of Hugh Linn , think that in afte years the daughter of Colonel Burd would become as the widow of

Benj amin Wilds , the wife of her brother , James Widney , to whose home they were going , and who was destined to lose , eighteen years later , the companion of his early married life . Thus the days passed as they wended their way to the S usquehanna at Harris ’ Ferry (now Harrisburg) and down the Cumberland Valley to the southern entrance of

Path Valley at Fort Loudon . There they were but a ’ day s journey from the cabin of James Widney , who looked long and anxiously for their arrival . His loca tion was well known to the settlers , and they pointed out ' the way to it . He had selected as his future home a point in the extreme northeastern end of the valley , and from the “ clearing” nearby could look out upon the beautiful valley below for many miles . His cabin was ' in a gentle depression called locally a draft , through which two small streams ran into the valley from the “ ” mountain side . The draft extended upward toward the mountain and was rich in sugar maple trees , highly valued at that time as the source of supply of maple syrup 2 L 3 THE C AN LIN N .

and sugar , for other varieties of those articles could not then be procured in the backwoods . The evening sun was setting behind the Tuscarora Mountain as Hugh Linn and his good wife reached the tOp of th e hill within three hundred yards of Jam es VVid ’ m ney s home . A few moments ore and the two families

em brac in e ach were g other for joy , congratulations on their safe arrival , mingling with thanks to the Father of all for a successful term ination of their long and weary pilgrimage . Who can appreciate their feelings at such ' a time We may believe the fatted calf was killed , more likely in this case a deer or brace of wild turkeys from th e surrounding forest , and that days elapsed in talking ' of those left behind in Ireland . Who had died Who had married ' Who were born ' were questions asked and answered , while a thousand matters of family and old neighborhood interest engaged their attention .

S They had , like Cortez , burned their hips behind them , they had crossed the Rubicon , they could not hope to go back , and knew that henceforth their destinies must be linked with the land of their adoption .

A I 3 4 THE C L N L NN .

- as a house roof , so that in cross section they resemble an inverted V . Their summits are so sharp that one standing almost anywhere on them may without changing position look down into the very bottom of the valleys on either side . They are formed in some places of a single stratum of rock turned edgewise by some mighty convulsion of na ture in the distant past , and making a precarious foothold even for the hunter . These mountains consist largely of what geologists call Medina sandstone , a very ancient rock , vast masses of which are sometimes seen on the surface , and yet their - sides are so covered with vegetation ( rock oak , chestnut , pine and other forest trees ) that but few bare spots are seen . Their tops are so slightly serrated that , looked at from the valleys against the blue sky line , they seem almost as straight as an arrow . The ranges are very steep and it is a laborious task fo r a mountaineer to cross them . For the same reason road ways can be built only at great expense and on what is “ known as the switchback system , zigzagging back and forth on the mountain sides at a heavy grade until they

reach the summit , when they descend in the same manner

to the valley on the Opposite side . At intervals of ten or twenty miles abrupt transverse breaks occur in the con tinu ity of the mountain chains extending quite down to “ N ” the level of the valleys and called arrows . These serve as outlets for the streams which are found in abundance

everywhere and for the entrance and exit of travel . - The valleys , like the mountain ranges , are clear cut

and well deﬁned , not broken by unsightly elevations , and N H I D TI N THE LA D OF T E R A OP O . 3 5

are furnished with an abundance of ﬁne timber . Many have an excellent fertile limestone soil and are also sup plied with beautiful springs ; some of them of sufficient capacity to furnish power for a mill . As the mountains preserve an almost uniform height and contour , each val ley maintains an almost uniform width , though different valleys vary in width from a division of no appreciable size ( simple clefts between the ranges ) to several miles , and many of them , because of their beauty , may well be called veritable Vales of Cashmere .

It was to one of these valleys , known as Path Valley , to well watered and well wooded , which Hugh Linn 1 88 came in 7 , and if you would see it in its beauty , go any time between May and N ovember and stand on what “ ” The Kn o b is known locally as , a spur of the Tuscarora range of mountains , a mile northeast of the present vil lage of Concord and a thousand feet above the Tuscarora

Creek , a stream seen like a silver thread far below . The valley reminds one of a vast sunken garden . Stretching - like a great checker board , as far as the eye can reach is a succession of ﬁelds , some given to pasturage , some to crops of wheat , corn and other cereals , while nestling in noo ks or perched on the hill sides are farm houses with their barns and other outbuildings , the smoke from their hundred chimneys curling toward the skies like incense in from some mighty amphitheatre of religious worship , i a in d c t g the life and activity within . The cultivated area extends upward on the mountain sides to points where the declivity is too steep for man or beast to work . Here the mountain forest begins and the smooth but steep and verdant enclosures marking the 3 6 THE C LAN LINN .

' arable land give way to the more diversiﬁed tints o f forest trees . o f The little village Concord , a half mile long and bor dered by the Tuscarora Creek , is seen at our feet , its tiny houses facing the main street into which converge two highways from the northeast and from which diverge two others on the southwest extending the entire lengt h n of the valley . Two modest belfries rise amo g the quiet houses of the villagers , one calling together the fol lowers of John Wesley , into whose fold the Linns were gathered in his early ministry in the north of Ireland , and the other summoning from far and near the disciples of John Knox , who , true to their ancient traditions , sing only David ’s Psalms and pitch the notes with no more - profane instrument than the time honored tuning fork .

Upon a hilltop near by and overlooking the village , is a “ ” little enclosure , called the grave yard , the village ceme te r y with its upright marble slabs , the Mecca of many a son of Concord who from time to time returns from far away lands to visit the scenes of his childhood and drop a tear on those little mounds which mark the last resting places of dear departed ones .

As the eye becomes accustomed to the distance , the great landscape bursts upon the vision more and more N clearly like a view in Fairyland . o tongue can ade

uatel ﬁtl q y describe its beauty , no pencil y portray its charm . It is like a vast painting , twenty miles in length and two in width , set in mountain frames , or with its alternating hill and dale , open glade and forest expanse , seems like a collection of j ewels encased in a mighty casket . From early spring until autumn sere , its wealth N TH I AD P TI N THE LA D OF E R O O . 3 7

o f emerald green reaches from creek to mountain crest , while in O ctober the mountains are a mass of golden

ﬂame , and the valley is dotted with wooded patches rich in a thousand gorgeous hues , and arched by a sky which rivals that of Italy in cerulean tints . Pink and red and scarlet—brown and saffron and yellow— revel in all their native luxuriance , interspersed by the light and deep shades of many varieties of mountain evergreens , which ,

S as if in envy of their more gorgeously attired isters , co urt the favor of the gentle zephyr by lading the atmos ph e re with fragrant terebinthine odors and exhilarating - health giving perfumes . It is one of the places where nature surpasses her ever beautiful handiwork and points us with no uncertain ’ ﬁnger up to nature s God . Let it not be supposed that the beauties of Path Valley are willingly or wittingly ex ag gerated because of the charm of early association . The

White Mountains , the Alleghenies , the Continental Di

S - Y o vide , the ierras of California , the world famed - S semite , the glacier covered Alps of witzerland and the

Tyrol , each and all have their fascination for the human s in s ir soul which is open to behold the ublime , the awe p

ic tu r ing , the magniﬁcent , the rugged grandeur , the p esque beauty of nature in her noblest forms , and one should not abate one tittle from the praise bestowed on them by the traveler ; but for bucolic simplicity , rustic beauty , delicacy of outline , simple picturesqueness and perfection of detail , Path Valley as seen from the point named is not surpassed by anything we have seen . The quality of the masterpieces of the great artists is not measured by their size nor by a wealth of coloring no 3 8 THE C LAN LINN .

r matter how harmonious , nor by violent cont asts , but by in fin l a subtle de ab e charm which pe rvades the whole , an ensemble which defies description but fills the soul with r a sense of harmony and perfection until the beholde , overcome by their beauty , stands in silence and reverence the before them . And if this can be said of paintings , work of human hands , with how much greater force must it be said of the works of Deity . But the observer must have in his soul a true conception of the beautiful or it cannot be realized . The mirror which is not well quicksilvered will give no true reflection , and the bell which has not in it the proper components of metal will give no music .

The highest point in the valley , ( and the ascent from either end is scarcely noticeable) , is four miles from the

Knob , and this is worthy of note because it is the water shed between the Potomac , ﬁfty miles south , and the “ Blue Juniata , thirty miles to the northwest . Two streams there ﬁnd their sources , one called the West

Conococheague , and the other the Tuscarora , both Indian names , the latter that of a once famous tribe of Indians who have here as elsewhere bequeathed to us forever their names in mountain , stream and valley . Logan , the celebrated Mingo chief , once lived almost within view of the summit of the Knob . “ be The valley was called Path Valley , tradition says , “ ” cause an Indian trail , called the Tuscarora Path , ex tended through it , connecting the Potomac and Juniata rivers . The race of the red man is run , but so long as ﬂo w the mountains here stand and the streams , he will be remembered by the names he gave them . As children we heard with rapt attention the stories of their unequal HE AN D H I AD TI N T L OF T E R OP O . 3 9

I ‘ o nte st with the white m an and pitied while we feared them . The names of such places in the adj oining moun n tains as Fort Littleton , Fort Loudon , Burnt Cabi s , and

Bloody Run indicate the terrors of the Indian wars . There are but two entrances into Path Valley from the outside world without crossing the mountains one from the north through a narrow deﬁle called Th e N S O arrows , a break in the Tuscarora Mountain chain narrow that there is scarcely room for a wagon-road be side the Tuscarora creek which passes out at this point . The mountains on each side of this pass are so precipit ous that few persons ever dare to scale them . The val ley is entered from the south by a wider pass through which ﬂows the West Conococheague on its way to the

Potomac . Between these two passes , a distance of twenty miles , there is no break in the mountain chains enclosing the valley . Railroads have penetrated the country north and south to each entrance , but the smoke and grime of locomotive engines have not yet deﬁled its pure atmosphere while they scream and bluster outside as though enraged at the ban put upon them by nature . Such was the valley to which James Widney came in - - 1 784 to be followed four years later by his brother in law l Hugh Linn , and which has drawn to it from the ear iest al days when it was known to civilized man , a race of most pure Scotch Irish blood . The bare recital of their names is a warrant for their ancestry . Among them are E Wallace , Campbell , Loughridge , Maclay , rwin , Murray ,

M c Ke nz ie M c Lau hlin M c Kim M c Elh enn M c M u llin , g , , y , ,

M c lu re Crawford , Maxwell , Robertson , C , Ferguson , in and about Concord , while in the valley below are many more such names characteristic of their origin . E CHAPT R VII .

innrrr fif iﬁ ii v.

An d s o u r e e x e m r m a n thi lif pt f o public h u t , F n s n e s in re e s s in t h e r n n n r s i d to gu t , book u i g b ook , e rm n s in s n e s an d in e e r n — a e s e are S o to , good v ythi g. Sh k p .

HE domestic life and customs of our pioneer an c e s to rs deserve some notice , if we , and especially a the younger members of our families , would properly p re c iate p their struggles and hardships . They were heroes in the highest sense of the word , and their deeds of valor f and su fering deserve no slight meed of praise . Men and women who left homes of comfort and often of luxury along the Atlantic seaboard or on foreign shores and penetrated the wilds of the Blue Mountains and the Al le h e nie s 1 8 O g in the th century , or the valleys of the hio and Mississippi rivers in the early part of the last cen tury , placed their posterity and our country at large under an obligation which we cannot repay . It was they more than any one else who laid securely the foundations of our great republic . They opened up highways through th e forests , explored the rivers and lakes , crossed the trackless prairies and made known to the world behind them th e immense riches of our country .

Let us ﬁrst glance at the home of the pioneer , the centre of domestic life , the scene of family activity from whi c h have sprung many of the greatest minds of our country . It was in nearly all cases a simple cabin about

n twe ty feet square and one story high . There were three classes of cabins , the ﬁrst built of round logs and known 40

HE C LAN LIN N 42 T . enough to be within reach of a primitive saw mill where planks or rough boards could be procured . The door had a wooden latch on the inside to which a leather thong or cord was attached and passed through a hole in the door to the outside . This thong was drawn in at night , especially in case of danger , as there was no lock . The latch string left out (particularly at night) indicated good will toward the comer , and hence the ex pression still sometimes used in the invitation of friends , ” A The latch string is always out . story is told of a very pious backwoodsman who purposely left his latch string out at night when a band of warlike Indians was threatening the settlements . Commending himself and ’ N o t family to God s protection he retired as usual . long after , footsteps and whisperings were heard outside the cabin , the latch was lifted , the door opened and several O n e Indians stealthily entered . , evidently a leader or “ chief , said to his companions , We must go away , these are good people and our friends or the latch string would ” not be out . They went out , quietly closing the door behind them , but the smoking ruins of other cabins in the same neighborhood the next morning , proved the hatred of the midnight visitors for their white enemies . The cabin ﬁre place was six or even eight feet wide and three or four feet deep , and laid with ﬂag stones when - they could be had . In this was the back log , a foot or

more in diameter , the chief purpose of it being to retain

the ﬁre , while smaller pieces of wood placed in front of

it served for heating the room and for cooking , as stoves

were not then known .

The cabin door always stood open , except at night and I N R LI P O EE FE . 43

in cold weather , in order to furnish light , as the small window was often insufficient for that purpose and with out glass , which in those days was a rare and expensive article .

Matches are now found in every dwelling, however in humble . At the time we speak of they had not been in vented . By the big ﬁre place , a crevice between the “ ” stones , always left for that purpose , was a tinder box containing ﬂint , a piece of steel and some punk or tow .

n By striki g the steel on the flint sparks were produced , and these , being caught on the punk or tow , gave a smoldering fire which by dint of blowing was enlarged and then brought in contact with scrapings or fine sbav ings of wood until a blaze was started . The fire in the back-log mentioned above was kept alive day and night , so as to obviate the necessity of so much labor as was involved in making a fresh one daily . Light was obtained at night for reading or sewing from the blazing pine knots kept at hand for that purpose . As the pioneer had few books and often little time for read ing , except in winter , the absence of a good light was

s o - not so much felt . Later the tallow candle or called “ tallow dip , made without molds by dipping candle wick many times into melted tallow and allowing the ad r hering tallow to solidify , was used , but that was a luxu y , and school boys all read of Abraham Lincoln studying , while a boy and young man , by the light from the ﬁre place . S o soon as the cabin was completed came the task of preparing the ground for a crop of potatoes , Indian corn and possibly some rye , which constituted the ﬁrst cereals . HE LAN LINN 44 T C .

Agriculture was followed in the most primitive manner , because of the lack of the implements found only in more thickly populated districts . The ground was turned over “ — ” or rather scratched by means of a bull tongue plow to o a depth of two or three inches . Later a pl w was used - - with a wooden mold board , the cast iron mold board not yet being made . Corn was planted by means of a sharp “ ﬂ ax s e e d ened stick called a dibble , rye and were sown “ ” broadcast , that is , by hand , and the branches of a dead tree , preferably a thorn tree , were dragged over the ground in place of a harrow to cover the seed .

Corn was parched to make it dry and brittle , and then ground or crushed on a stone having a depression in it , by means of another stone , pestle shaped . This was a slow and laborious process , and grain was sometimes car ried on the shoulder for miles to a primitive mill which would now be a curiosity . The grist mill was sometimes not more than ten feet square , and consisted of two rooms

alw avs b not enclosed but covered y a slab roof , the upper room containing the one pair of stones for grinding , and

th e the lower room the meal chest . O utside was water wheel , sometimes propelled by a stream of water coming through a long hollow log laid at an angle on the side of the ravine in which the mill was situated . Corn meal mixed with water to which a little salt had been added was molded into cakes , then covered with hot ashes and coals in the ﬁreplace until baked , and formed a staple article of food .

A crop of ﬂax was also raised as soon as possible , from which the family clothing was to be made . In and about th e little village of Concord may yet be seen stowed away PI N LI O EER FE . 45

in old garrets machinery for preparing flax for the loom . When the bark or sheath of the stalk had become brittle by being exposed to dampness it was hackled , that is , drawn through the long-pointed teeth of an instrument to separate the fibre from the sheath . The fibre or tow ff was then mounted on a dista , and by means of the spin ning wheel made into a coarse thread fit to be woven into a fabric for clothing and other purposes . As time passed a few sheep were procured and their wool converted by a similar process into wearing apparel e for cold weather . Geese , ducks and chick ns were also added to the family outfit and their down and feathers utilized for bedding , while their eggs were invaluable for food . The pelts of sheep and wild animals , bears , deer ,

n foxes and other game , were always carefully tan ed and constituted a great addition to the stores of the pioneer for the winter .

a il i Post office f c t es did not exist for the pioneer . At 1 8 o sto ffi c e the time of which we write , 7 9 , the nearest p t to the Linns was Carlisle , thir y miles away , and reached only by trails over two mountains . The mail service of the United States was yet in its infancy even in thickly populated districts . President Washington appointed - 1 8 S amuel O sgood the first Postmaster General in 7 9 . In that year there were only seventy-five po sto ffic es in the S United tates . Letter postage was six cents for thirty -five miles , increasing according to the distance to twenty cents for 450 miles or more . An inquiry made of the Post O ffice Department at Washington shows that the post office at Concord was not THE LA LINN 46 C N .

r established until well on in the last century . A lette from the Postmaster-General reads as follows ' “ In reply to your inquiry I have to say that the post ffi Pa o ce at Concord , Franklin county , . , was established 1 6 1 8 1 1 E t January th , , and that dward W . Doyle was firs M P . . , and James Wilson the second . The mail service established at that time was once in M ifflinto w n two weeks between Fannettsburg and , and this was twenty-three years after the settlement of the ’ t Linns . The pioneer s let er was given to some one to mail , who might be going in the direction of the distant fi r e post of ce , and sometimes passed through two or th e f u n hands in as many weeks before reaching the o fice , less some one was fortunately discovered who was mak E ing the entire j ourney . nvelopes , ruled paper and post age stamps were not then in use and the paper must be so written on that in folding it and attaching the seal , the writing would not be seen . ff The newspaper of that day was a very small a air , generally about fifteen by twenty inches in size and con sisting of two leaves . It was published once a week , sometimes once a month , and the news it contained was very meagre and often very stale as all means of com mu nic atio n were slow and uncertain . It rarely found its way into the backwoods on account of the lack of mail facilities , and when by chance a copy reached the remote districts it was cherished as a treasure and passed from neighbor to neighbor with jealous care . All were print ed on hand presses , and as much time was necessary to strike o ff a hundred copies as is now necessary to print a hundred thousand . I N R LI P O EE FE . 47

N 0 school existed for the pioneer , and it was only when a settlement was formed that some one was hired by pri vate subscription to give children instruction in the “ ” r Th ee Rs , Reading , Writing and Arithmetic . This was done generally only during the three winter months , as the presence and assistance of children was demanded by the multifarious duties of home life during the rest of the year . The public school system was not introduced 1 8 in Pennsylvania until 3 4, long after pioneer days . S - There were no churches nor unday schools , and even “ ” that almost ubiquitous individual , the circuit rider , as he was called in the latter part of the eighteenth century , was rarely seen as he plodded his way on horseback

o c c u through the almost trackless forests , his wardrobe in py g one end of the saddle bags and his library , ( a Bible and hymn book with some tracts ) the other end . He was easily satisfied with earthly goods , willing to sleep on a cabin floor , to eat the coarsest fare , to face storm and tempest , to ford streams at the risk of life , that he might “ preach the Living Word in season and out of season , whenever and wherever he could find a few people will ing to listen to his message . But they were often sowing seed which was to grow and bring forth fruit . thirty , sixty and a hundred fold .

The ﬁrst roads were trails through the forest , often blazed in such a way as to indicate the place to which l they led . As already seen , Path Val ey was threaded by ” o r the Tuscarora Trail . Locomotion was on foot horseback , and the individual pioneer was compelled to widen his trail as time went by , to ﬁt it for any kind of vehicle to communicate with a settlement . In winter THE CLAN LINN 48 . when the snows were heavy he was sometimes a prisoner in his cabin for weeks . His needs , however , were few in his simple life and he learned to get along without much

u o tside assistance . The one article which he was compelled to get aside from ammunition for his gun was salt , and he made long journeys to a settlement to buy or barter for it . Money was a rare article , but he could always barter the pelts of S wild animals to the traders for such necessaries . ugar he made in the forest from the sap of the sugar maple tree into which holes were bored in the early spring when ” the sap was running . By inserting a piece of elder about a foot long , from which the pith had been removed , the sap of the sugar maple was collected in a trough made by scooping out a piece of log . It was then boiled in a large kettle until a syrup was obtained which could not be surpassed as a relish for cornbread . Longer boiling reduced the syrup to a sugar by further evaporation of the water in it .

An axe , a saw and an augur generally constituted the ’ pioneer s outﬁt of tools . He made wooden hayforks and ” split brooms as well as his furniture , put oiled paper in his windows , in lieu of glass , to keep out the cold and rain , and in a hundred ways necessity was found to be the mother of invention . When sickness came to him or his family he was sore distressed for he had no doctor to consult , pain must be endured and death faced as bravely as possible . Then he turn ed to such remedies as nature offered and ex pe ri

ence dictated . Herb and shrub and bark of tree were 3 placed under tribute , as well as water , cold and hot ,

E CHAPT R VIII .

: t nti s un t i t épnrtn and 'in e on of mo E f .

“ ’ r m t he m a n r w d s n e s r e Far f o ddi g c o ig obl t if , The i r s obe r w i s he s n e ve r l e arn e d to s t ray ; n t he se e s e re a e e Alo g cool, q u t d v l of lif ' — h n e e ss n r e r w a ra . The y ke pt t e oi s l t e o of th i y . G y

E L DED C U as was the life of our forefathers , we must not suppose that existence was devoid of in pleasure . Aside from that companionship obtained the ’ visitation of each other s homes , where , in the absence of o the newspaper , social , religious and p litical discussion i prevailed , there were frequent opportunities for indulg ng in the spice of life . The presence of a theatre , concert r troupe or circus , is not the only means of ente tainment for a people , nor by any means the most desirable . Hunting and ﬁshing were perennial sports ( if sports they might be called ) , for much dependence was placed upon the products of the chase in furnishing the larder .

O f small game the re was an abundance everywhere . S quirrels , rabbits , quail , grouse (pheasants) and wild turkeys had not yet learned to fear their arch enemy , man , and were easily taken by means of guns and snares . For trapping wild turkeys a covered pen of poles or light logs was built and a depression in the earth at one side made large enough for a turkey to pass in . Corn was scatt ered over the ground nearby and leading up to the depression and into the pen in which a liberal supply was also placed . Following the line of corn the turkeys would pass through the opening into the pen , but once 50 P RTS AND R R ATI N 1 S O EC E O . 5

inside were too stupid to return the same way , always looking up for an exit . Snaring and trapping rabbits was S the especial sport of the boys . quirrels were always fat in the autumn and they , with pheasants and turkeys , fell - an easy prey to the rifle of the keen eyed hunter . Bears and deer were the great prizes of the hunter in r r the eighteenth and early pa t of the last centu y , and the born hunter was always ready to drop everything for an e xciting chase . He kept for this purpose a brace or more So of hounds . soon as it became known that a bear was in the neighboring mountains , the trail was located with r the assistance of the dogs , and though by this time B uin might be miles away , hunter and dogs started in a mad race over and among rocks , through thickets , up and r over the mountains in hot pursuit . Dog as well as hunte seemed to know the value of the prey . N o - - N narrow chested , weak kneed disciple of imrod need venture on such a chase . It required an iron con stitutio n and the endurance of an Indian to travel all day - long at break neck speed , perhaps without food or drink , to overtake the quarry , and if night came on before doing so , it must be spent , perchance , lying on the mountain awaiting another day which might be equally taxing on human strength . And what a scene of rejoicing when success crowned the labor and perseverance of the hunt ers . The dogs were wild with excitement and delight , and as the big game was carried down the precipitous side of the mountain to some point where a horse could be procured to transport it home , men and boys from the surrounding country congregated , all envious of the prowess which had been so well rewarded . What a fine 2 HE LA I 5 T C N L NN . bear skin as a trophy and for future sale or use ' What superb steaks for the coming winter , when other meat might be scarce ' O ld and young alike looked on the bold and successful hunter with a feeling akin to rever ence . Bear hunting was always attended with more or less danger , for a wounded bear will turn upon and attack the hunter , and unless the dogs are fearless in such case he may be killed . John Linn , while pursuing a bear made an effort to head him o ff and thus got between the bear and the dogs . At a distance of twenty yards he shot the bear but not in a vital spot . The enraged beast rushed viciously upon him , giving him only time to pick up a stone with which he struck him on the head . He suc ’ c ee de d in keeping clear of the animal s powerful paws , a f single blow of which is su ficient to kill a man or dog , but in doing so the brute bit his left arm badly . Fortunately the dogs coming up saved him while another hunter kill ed the shaggy beast . f The fleet and wily deer was hunted in a di ferent way , and the sport , though less exciting , was full of interest . Men were stationed at points where it was known deer the were in the habit of passing , while others started game perhaps at some far distant point , and if it chanced to come near to the secreted hunters could be shot . Springs in some localities impregnated with salt and called “ deer ” licks , were favorite resorts for the graceful animal , and hunters concealing themselves in the bushes to the lee f ward o such places were able to shoot them unawares . Hugh Linn 2 d told of an exciting adventure a hunter once had at such a place . He had wounded a buck which N T SPORTS A D REC REA I ON . 53

he started to pursue when the animal turned suddenly ,

determined to impale him on its massive antlers . The hunter ran behind a large tree and was followed round and round the tree by the buck which kept him in terror for several hours as he did not have time to load his old - - ﬂint . fashioned , muzzle loading lock riﬂe Finally the

buck , which had been badly stunned more than hurt , s eemed disgusted by the chase and turning away into the

forest escaped . “ The Shooting Match was an occasion of special in

t e re st . to the frontiersman Men , who depended for their “ subsistence largely on wild game , were likely to be dead ” shots with a riﬂe . The favorite gun of those days was

not made for beauty , but for utility . It had a long and

heavy barrel and was a muzzle loader , carrying a bullet

about the size of a small cherry . The owner bought his lead in bulk at the nearest settlement and made his own bullets . These he carried in a leather or buckskin pouch O n made for the purpose , or sometimes in his pocket . the day appointed for the shooting match , men came long

distances , each bringing his pet gun , resolved if possible — to carry away one of the much coveted prizes , these con s isting perhaps of a powder horn mounted with silver , a hunting belt , a turkey or some other more or less valuable a rticle . There were always a few among the many competi tors in whom popular interest centered because of their - well known ability as hunters and marksmen . Skill in s hooting depended on practice , a good eye , a steady arm , and a ﬁne mental equilibrium which was not easily dis t u rbe d by any excitement . When the time for shooting THE LAN LINN 54 C . arrived the ground was paced o ff a distance of a hundred and ﬁfty or two hundred yards , lots were cast for the order in which each should shoot , the prize announced , an umpire with an assistant stationed where the target could be readily observed , and as each bullet left its mark a wooden peg was inserted in the hole .

After all had shot , a second and then a third trial was ff a orded . All did not shoot for every prize , for the more valuable the prize the further removed was the target , and those who were not “crack shots ” were contented r with the shorter range , while the expe t marksman scorn ed to take advantage of one who acknowledged himself inferior in marksmanship . But there was time for other spo rts between the trials for skill in shooting . There were foot races , j umping , wrestling and other minor sports among the crowd who had come as spectators . Thus the day quickly passed and all returned home to relate to wives , children and neigh ’ bors the results of the day s sport .

Fishing with nets and spearing fish , popularly called ” gigging , were less exciting but very enjoyable pastimes , i - i while helping also to replenish the larder . The f sh g g consisted of several barbed iron prongs securely fastened - to a handle five or six feet long . A half dozen men would combine for the sport and first procure from the moun S tains yellow pine , rich in turpentine . This was plit in pieces two or three feet long and about an inch in thick ness . The pieces were then tied together in bundles or fagots , four or five feet in length . A dark night when the water in the streams was clear was chosen for the expedi tion . Two or three of the party were selected to carry P T AND R R ATI N S OR S EC E O . 55

the lighted fagots and as many more took the gigs, while a couple were delegated to carry the ﬁsh . a Proceeding gainst the current all moved abreast , the strong light from the yellow pine fagots illuminating clearly every obj ect in the stream . Fish attracted by the light would lie still on the bottom and were readily spear ed . In the early part of the last century , when they were plentiful , there being no dams to prevent their ascending - the streams , a half barrel could be secured in an evening .

Black fish , catfish , suckers and eels were the varieties usually caught . In order to facilitate an amicable division of the spoils at the close of the sport , they were placed in as many piles on the ground as there were fishermen and lots cast for them . Musters were held at times appointed by the autho ri - ties for military exercises , and all able bodied men were required to attend . It is needless to say that , interested as all patriotic citizens were to fit themselves for military b duties , their attention was often diverted y exercises not on the program for the day . Those were the days when small distilleries were found at frequent intervals u d ct t througho t the mountain istri s , and no set lement was supposed to be complete unless it had one . As might be supposed , under such circumstances some men indulged too freely in “ fire water ” and then became — belligerent ; result bloody noses and bruised faces , necessitating the interference of cooler heads to quell the disturbance . The Fourth of July was an occasion of great import n a ce in the settlements , in later days , to old and young .

Many of the sires of the Revolution were still living, H LAN I N N 56 T E C L .

and every child heard recited stories of Paul Revere ,

Mollie Pitcher , Mad Anthony Wayne , Paul Jones , York town , Valley Forge , and other people and places made immortal in the dark and gloomy days when liberty was more highly prized than life itself . The people met by common consent to celebrate the natal day of independence . A spacious platform was erected in some convenient locality in the woods , gaily decorated with evergreens , and , thither from church or school house , a procession of men , women and children wended its way to the inspiring music of ﬁfe and drum , while the mountains and valleys echoed and re-echoed “ ” the strains of Yankee Doodle , which found a com “ panion piece after the War of 1 8 1 2 in the S tar Spang ” led Banner . The Declaration of Independence was then read to the people as they sat on the moss-covered ground or on seats extemporized for the occasion , addresses were delivered by prominent citizens , recitations were given by school children , interspersed with singing , and the exercises closed with a generous collation of pie , cake , butter and rolls , gingerbread , etc . , all washed - down by pure spring water , or the old fashioned home “ ” “ ” made small beer of ye olden times , which never ’ muddled any one s brains .

In the early spring , when the sap in the sugar maple trees began to ﬂow , they were busy making maple syrup and maple sugar , which formed important articles of diet during the whole year . (We have already de scribed the method of collecting the sap and making syrup and sugar in Chapter VII . ) During the summer the young people were sent out to gather wild berries

THE LAN LINN 58 C .

outside the cabin , with no roof but the fretted vault of heaven , from which the stars look down in unclouded beauty . Baskets of apples are in every corner of the big kit chen , which is lighted by the blazing pine knots on the hearth ; the bashful lads and timid lassies come dropping

' do fi in , greet each other in rustic style , their wraps , and N o ff are ready for work . otice how they pair , as if governed by instinct in the choice of mates , a pair to each basket , and then the work and the fun of the even - ing begin . The hearty , care free laugh rings out mer rily ; the animated jest , the spirited repartee , the flashing eye , the arching brow and flushed cheek reveal the ex tent and depth of the wounds which Cupid ’s unseen darts are inflicting . The pared and cut apples are then added “ ” to the boiling cider , turns are taken at stirring , sport and frolic indulged in by the now idle members of the group , and the hours fly quickly by until the butter is “ done . Then the girls are escorted to their homes by ’ s the young men , all eager for a repetition of the night ’ entertainment at some other neighbor s house . - The nuts and fruits all gathered , the apple butter made , the butchering done and the meat for winter “ cured ” by packing down or smoking over a smoldering fire , the extra duties of life with the settler , so far as they per tained to provision for the long winter , were at an end , and the young folks were free to indulge in the outdoor sports of winter . Skating , coasting , sleighing , fishing “ ” through holes cut in the ice , or stunning fish by strik ing the ice over them with a pole axe and then cutting through for them , snaring or trapping wild animals , all T N R ATI N SPOR S A D REC E O . 59

constituted means of enj oyment . For those who had a ff taste for reading , the long winter evenings a orded O n e abundant opportunity . of the boys or girls would read aloud while the rest of the family were engaged in r sewing , knitting , hackling ﬂax , shelling co n by hand , or such other domestic duties as might be required . Thus turns were taken at reading and working and useful lessons learned in both .

Thanks to the then limited output of books and papers , only those of real value were to be had . The art of printing was one of the greatest boons which ever came to humanity , but the ease and cheapness with which books are thrown from the press today has resulted in such a mass of illy prepared and worthless material being placed before us , that time is worse than wasted in read ing it . Better twenty well selected books than a thous and taken up promiscuously . The shelf of the intelligent pioneer and early settler

( for library he did not have ) often contained , besides ’ ’ the Bible , such books as Bunyan s Pilgrim s Progress , ’ ’ E Aesop s Fables , Plutarch s Lives , ssays of Bacon and ’ ’ Addison , Milton s Paradise Lost , Cook s Voyages , ’ ’ Robinson Crusoe , Rollin s Ancient History , Fox s Book S of Martyrs , and not infrequently a copy of hakespeare ’ E or Locke s ssay on the Human Understanding, with S some work on Arithmetic , Geometry and urveying bound in one volume . This was the sort of intellectual diet which did not enervate the mind , and such books - were read and re read until they became a part of the individual and served him in good stead in every walk of life . 60 THE C LAN LIN N .

The Husking Bee was an incident of autumn , and N generally held on moonlight nights . eighbors met by appointment in the cornﬁeld of one of their number and a dozen pairs of ready hands quickly stripped the crop of ripened corn from the yellow husk , after which all gathered at the house or cabin of the beneﬁciary to par o f take a generous repast , served by his good wife and the neighboring women . When the logs and timbers were ready for a new “ ” cabin or house , a Raising Bee or Frolic was called , and many hands made light work of what would have been otherwise an insuperable task to the lone settler , each man vie ing with his fellows in feats of strength in lifting heavy logs into position .

In later days , when private schools were established in the settlements , for three or four months of the winter “ S ” ff season , the pelling Bee a orded an opportunity for the youth of both sexes to meet each othe r in friendly rivalry for a display of skill in spelling . Boys and girls , young men and women from neighboring settlements - met at the school house appointed for the contest , often going miles on foot or in sleds cushioned with hay and straw , the members of each school anxious to head the “E list of the best spellers in the country . arly candle light ” was the time set by churches and other assemblies t for their evening mee ings in primitive days . The teacher of the school at which the “ Spelling Bee ” was held select “ ” ed two persons to choose sides , lots were cast for the

ﬁrst choice , and then the best spellers , in so far as they were known , were selected and took their places , until all were chosen . The words given by the teacher were P RT AN R AT 61 S O S D EC RE I ON .

spelled alternately by each side , all the contestants standing , and every one missing a word sat down , while the one who did not misspell any word was given the e nvi credit of being the best speller , a most worthy and able distinction . “ Quilting Bees gave our great-grandmothers much employment and afforded an excellent opportunity for receiving and imparting neighborhood and general in fo r mation . The newspaper , as we have seen , was a rarity , and in the absence of news from the great world beyond the mountains and the sea , time was found for the dis i n c uss o . of local events Tongues , it may be admitted , sometimes vied with needles in rapidity of movement , and , unlike the latter , sometimes grew sharper by much use ; but gentleness , charity and love were more pre dominant characteristics among them than among many who today occupy gilded drawing—rooms and wear scented vestments . E CHAPT R IX .

Another ﬁrartljntnnr Eath aah Another

Altar Errrtrh.

’ r m s e ne s e e se a s ran e r s r n s F o c lik th old Scoti g d u p i g , a m a e s he r e at m e re e re a r a Th t k lov d ho , v d b o d ; r n e s an d r s are th e re a n s P i c lo d but b th of Ki g , ’ ' — An ne s m an he n e w r d. rn ho t s t obl st o k of Go Bu s. H UGH LINN doubtless enjoyed the first days of the family reunion mentioned in Chapter V , but his was a temperament that could not long brook idleness , and soon we find him spying out this new land of milk S r and honey . tretching away to the no theast of James ’ Widne s y location , like the finger of a glove , was an extension of Path Valley of small dimensions , now known by the uneuphemistic name of Horse Valley . It had great natural beauty , was well watered , and con taine d a remarkably fine growth of timber .

Thither he wended his way , and following an old trail , another Indian path through the heart of the valley , - he rested by a beautiful , never failing spring, still ﬂow ing with perennial life , which was gushing out of the southern slope of the Tuscarora Mountain , and deter mined to make that spot his future home . There he would be protected from the keen north winds of winter , while the sun would give him its full measure of light and heat all day long . Soon his axe was heard felling trees for the double purpose of making a clearing for planting crops and 62 ARTH T N AND ALTAR 6 HE S O E . 3

furnishing logs for a cabin , which would be the tempo rary home until one more commodious could be built . It was in this cabin ( such a one as is described in Chap 1 ter VII ) that we ﬁnd the Linns in the autumn of 789 . Twelve months had gone by since they had settled in N ew r the World , and they were now accustomed to thei strange surroundings .

Their children were growing rapidly . In the midst of this wild country they were developing a spirit of self reliance and independence which was of the greatest value to them ever after . Young as they were , they were being trained to habits of industry and economy , and to a spirit of enterprise . They were learning to grapple with the stern realities of practical life . For tunatel y for them , their parents were imbued with prin c i les p of sterling worth . Life had in it something for E “ them more than the philosophy of picurus , Let us eat ” and drink , for tomorrow we die . It was not for them a “ ’ ” ﬂeeting show for man s illusion given . With Long fellow they believed

“ L fe is e a fe is e a nest i r l , li r , An d th e grave is no t its go al ; ‘ ’ Du st h o u art to s ret urne st t , du t h u Was no t spo k e n o f t e so l .

No t en o m en and not so o w j y t rr , I s o u r d e s ti n e d end and w ay ; B u t to live that e ac h t o mo rro w ” a Fi n d u s farth er than t o d y . Let us as kinsmen accept the liberty always accorded th e friend and traveler in pioneer days , and look within LAN LINN 64 THE C .

privacy of that domestic circle . It is in the year j ust mentioned . The little harvest of the ﬁrst season has been gathered , the autumn evenings are lengthening rap

is idly , darkness already brooding over the narrow valley , ’ the long and arduous day s work is done . A bright and cheerful ﬁre blazes on the spacious hearth , casting a ruddy glow on the simply furnished but neat and tidy apartment called the kitchen . A simple evening meal has been prepared , and father , mother and children

(John , Mary and Hugh ) sit down to partake of it with keen and wholesome appetite . A momentary silence takes the place of the hum of voices and the playful E laughter of little ones . very head is reverently bowed , and the deep , strong voice of him who in the old Anglo “ ” S axon language is known as the h o u s eband (husband ) is lifted in thankfulness to the Giver of all good for the ’ sustenance which , like the manna of Israel s children , comes to them day by day .

Then while enjoying their simple fare , more than

crowned heads do the viands of palaces , the experiences “ of the day are recited , absent friends are brought to ” mind , and restful converse indulged in , blended with

an occasional gentle admonition to the children , whose exuberant spirits the daylight hours have failed to sub — due . But notice when hunger has been sated and the

evening meal is ended , there is no haste to get away ; S even the babe in arms , little arah , seems to recognize u a coming calm . The master of the house reaches p ward to the simple shelf made between the joists of the “ unceiled room , and takes down a book , the Book of ” Books , which is to them an inspiration by day and by

( 5 THE C LAN LINN .

’ little ones , disrobed , kneel together about the mother s : lap , and slowly repeat in unison

N o w I la m e o w n to s e e y d l p, I pray th e Lo rd my s o ul to k eep ; I f I sho die be fo e I w a e uld r k , I h L m pray t e o rd y so ul t o t ak e .

They are then carefully tucked in the trundle bed and a good-night kiss from mother closes the wearied eyelids in the dreamless sleep of childhood , while she whispers

The bairnie s c uddl e do o n at n i cht ’ ’ Wi m irth th at s d e ar t o m e ; ’ B ut so o n th e big w arl s c ark and c are

Will q uate n do o n th eir gl e e . Y e co m e w ha m a to a ane t t y ilk ,

M a h e w h a e s abo o n , y ‘ t rul e h o h h e o w s be a Ay e w hi sp r t ug t ir p b uld, ”

bairnie s c e o o n . O , , uddl d

The Linns who read this will recogn ize in it no imagi nary picture , no false coloring , no attempt to overstate the truth . As given it depicts a scene which was enacted day after day in and about Concord , and the site of their settlement in America , for more than a century , until the last of the name was called away from the old village by death . Who that has been brought up under such inﬂuences can ever lose the spirit of reverence for Deity ' Its remembrance follows him as a pillar of cloud by day and a pillar of ﬁre by night , a protecting aegis by sea and by land , in calm and in storm , in sickness and in “ health , and enables him to say , Yea , though I walk N LT R 6 HEARTHSTONE A D A A . 7

through the valley of the shadow of death , I will fear art f no evil , for thou with me , thy rod and thy staf they comfort me .

The descendants of the man who thus worshipped God , scattered as they are all over our land , carry with them ( unconsciously though it be) an emanation of that spirit which in the olden time met God face to face in that lonely cabin , and spake to Him as a man speaketh to his E S . friend . uch an influence is not lost very heart has in it a chord which vibrates responsive to virtuous thought and noble act , and though it may seem dead to human perception , will awaken under the influence of holy memories . The dissolute sailor who paces the deck of his ship in the midnight watch , thinks as never before of the pious example and fervent prayer of his long-de t l par ed mother , and , ooking up , calls the stars to witness that he will henceforth lead a better life . We cannot measure the mystic influences which go out from the fireside when pure and ennobling . As gravity binds us inexorably to the most distant stars by virtue of some strange and incomprehensible power , so are our lives governed by forces which we cannot measure , and which we cannot ignore if we would . E x CHAPT R .

i t e Ei o Ehe Relig on of h nn .

’ Life s m o re than b re ath an d t he q uick roun d of blood ; ’ e ar Tis a g re at s pi rit an d a bu sy h t . We e in e e s n o t e ars in s n o t re a s liv d d y ; thought , b th ;

I n e e n s n o t in ﬁ u re s o n a d a . f li g , g i l He m s e s We s hould co un t tim e by h e art throb s . o t liv ”— Who n s m s e e s t he n e s a s t he e s . n n m s. thi k o t , f l obl t, ct b t A o y ou

HE descendants of the Linns will be interested to

know , next to their ancestry , something of the religion of their forefathers . We have already referred S to the reverence of the Celts for a upreme Being, and it can be truly said that the Linns have ever been deeply imbued with the feeling of reverence . Reverence was the keynote of their religion ; reverence for Deity , rever ence for religious worship , whether held in vaulted

m inaretted cathedral , gilded pagoda , mosque , domed “ ” synagogue , humble meeting house , or under swaying forest tree ; reverence for constituted authority in Church S or tate , when it represented the gentle , loving precepts S of the meek and lowly aviour ; reverence for age , for superiors , for purity , for truth . S In common with the cottish people at large , they fathful were originally Protestants of Calvinistic tenets , followers of the teachings of John Knox . The branch of the Linn family represented by us is Methodistic , and re hence the very pertinent inquiry , why this change in i i o u s ' g creed The answer is a threefold one . First , in their temporary island home , Ireland , they were thrown into the society of the Widneys ( as we have seen in 68 E LI I THE LIN N 6 TH RE G ON OF S . 9

Chapter IV) , who , coming from Holland , were disciples — of Arminius , Holland in the sixteenth century being the chief centre of the opponents of Calvinism as taught in S witzerland . Those were the days of heated theo logical discussion , when many men placed more stress on the theological dogmas a man advocated than upon the uprightness and purity of his life . Protestants and Catholics vied with each other in persecuting those who dissented from them in religious beliefs , so much so that ’ in Geneva , a stronghold of the Reformation and Calvin s S own city , Michael ervetus , a learned man , was burned 1 be at the stake in 753 , without a protest from Calvin , cause he could not and would not avow a belief in the doctrine of the Trinity . The Widney s were great readers and keen c o nt ro ve r sialists in theological discussion . The doctrine of pre ’ destination by which , to use Calvin s language , God adopts some to the hope of eternal life , and adj udges ” others to eternal death , was not in accordance with their sense of divine goodness and justice . While the t logic of S . Augustine and Calvin was metaphysically impregnable , it was incompatible with the strong com “ mon sense of the Linns , who , though not subject to ” every wind of doctrine , have never been bigoted They had little patience with the discussions of the S ublap “ ” sarian s S or upralapsarians , or with any of the inani

re ties of the Middle Age schoolmen . It must also be membered that in those days the pill of Calvinism had — not yet been sugar coated , nor reduced in size to the di m e ns i ns o of a homeopathic globule .

At that time also John Wesley , that colossal evangelist HE LA I N 70 T C N L N .

of the eighteenth century , was moving like a pillar of E ﬁre , day and night , through ngland and Ireland , and proclaiming ( although a minister of the Established E Church of ngland , in whose fold he lived and died ) the “ ” doctrine of free will and free grace . The wonderful inﬂuence he exerted over the people of the nation at large may be inferred from the testimony of those who d ff i ered from him in religious creed . The writer was once present at the dedication of a cathedral in London , E ngland , when Cardinal Manning , who at that time had no superior as a prelate in the Church of Rome , delivered the sermon . In dwelling upon the vices of the day and the need for a deeper religious life , he referred to a similar laxity of public morals in the “ preceding century , and then remarked , Had it not been for the labors of that great and pious man , John Wesley , be in the last century , I do not know what would have ” c ome of Great Britain . The fervent appeals of John — Wesley to his fellow men , in striking contrast to the

r apathetic methods of many of his brother cle gy , won the r Widn e s hea ts of the masses , and the Linns and y heard his message gladly . Add to this also the fact that Hugh S Linn had gained the good graces of arah Widney , a sister of James Widney , and also an Arminian , and was plighted to her in marriage . Love makes many things easy , and may be of great assistance in matters of faith as well as of works , and one can understand how easily the

n barriers of de ominationalism were scaled . Thus it was that Hugh Linn threw overboard the Jonah which had wrecked many a noble craft , and henceforth sailed under lighter canvas . THE LI I ON OF THE LIN N 1 RE G S . 7 When he was established in his mountain home in the N e w n e World , he fou d himself far remov d from any

N o organized religious society . church bell was there heard to summon the devout worsh iper to the portals of th e h the sanctuary . But ﬂame w ich burned so brightly th e i n on family altar that little cabin , shed its rays into

c every nook and corner of that se luded valley . Lay

h in reading and preaching were establis ed in his home , vitatio n s were sent out far and wide to the rough moun taine e rs to come to religious service , and when they were assured of the deep religious enthusiasm and fervid zeal of their host , they needed no second invitation . Men , women and children came miles on foot and horseback over mountain trails to this new centre of worship . When the narrow confines of the cabin proved too re st rict e d to accommodate the eager throng , the groves , “ ’ m God s first te ples , sheltered the listening multitude , while prayer and praise , song and exhortation awakened to a new and higher life many an honest and noble heart ’ under the uncouth garb of a pioneer . Hugh Linn s cabin became a recognized centre for religious worship , and “ ” was called by the people of the valley Immanuel , the “ ” biblical expression for the term God with us . The peculiar polity of Methodism known as the Itin e ranc y , according to which its preachers were sent out ff annually at that day into di erent sections of the country , with instructions to visit every settlement possible , and ac to hold services in frontier cabins , resulted in great cessions to that church . Many pioneers who had been h churc members in established communities , were eager to receive the message of the Gospel from any sincere THE LA I 72 C N L NN . Christian minister without regard to any denominational creed . But at that date even the itinerant had not found his way into those mountain fastnesses . An examina tion of the Methodist Conference records shows that 1 8 1 1 8 York circuit was formed in 7 , Bedford in 7 4 , and 1 Carlisle in 794 . It is probable that Carlisle circuit , in the bounds of which Concord circuit was afterward form in ed , was thus late being created , because ( Methodism 1 not being established in this country until 773 , when the Cumberland Valley was already settled) , the itinerant chose as his field of labor the more inaccessible mountain districts on account of their greater need for his se rvices . The century had almost closed before this zealous scout of the church found his way over the mountain trails into the head of Path Valley , and he received a i n s hearty welcome from the Linns and W d ey . Relig ious services were held in their homes , which became the N recognized headquarters of the itinerant . In ovember , 1 800 S , the first Methodist ociety was organized at Con cord , which had been laid out as a village by James Wid r ney three years before . There were eleven cha ter S members in the ociety , among them Hugh Linn and wife and three of their children , John , Mary and Hugh 2 Linn d. James Widney was appointed the first class S leader . Francis Asbury , the first uperintendent of

Methodism in America , who had been sent over by John

Wesley to foster the rapidly growing societies , once “ preached in Concord in a large log cabin , called Castle ” Cool , which stood on the crest of the hill just east of “ ” The Diamond . The life of the early itinerant was one of most exhaust

LAN IN N 74 THE C L .

‘ ’ ‘ ’ Come in , was the reply , and I ll put your horse in ’ ’ the shed . The preacher s clothing was drenched with rain , but greeting all pleasantly and laying his saddle bags in the corner , he proceeded to dry his garments by frequently shifting his position before the blazing hearth .

All were soon friends at ease , and after a couple of hours conversation , the host said to us (the storm still continu ing) he was sorry he could not give us a bed for the night , but he would lay some bedding on the ﬂoor . We were glad of any opportunity to spend the night under ‘ E shelter . The preacher said , xcuse me , but would you '’ allow worship before we sleep Assent was given , and ‘ he added , It is always our rule to have family worship ’ where we are staying , if there is no obj ection . He then - took from his saddle bags a small Bible , read a few ff verses , and o ered one of the most fervent and touching prayers I ever heard . We passed the night lying on the

floor , with our feet to the fire ; received a frugal meal in the morning, and separated with a cordial invitation from the preacher to attend services at the settlement . I then learned to value as never before the labor and sacrifices ” of the itinerant preacher . E CHAPT R XI .

io eroion t e i o B p of h E nn .

Wh e n I re m e mb e r all The frie n d s so lin k e d toge th e r ’ I ve s e e n ar n m e a ou d f ll , e e a e s in w n r w e a e r Lik l v i t y th , I fe e l like o n e Who tre ad s alon e m e an e hall e s e r e So b q u t d t d , se s are ﬂ e d Who light , se ar an s e a Who g l d d d , ll ”— An d a hi e ar e . r but m d p t d Moo e .

U SY were the early days of the Linns in that moun - . be tain home Time ﬂew rapidly by . The heel E Winged messenger of Jove sped not more swiftly . vents crowded each other in quick succession . The ﬁery blood of the ancient Celt coursing through their veins would

not permit the Linns to sit down in idleness and sloth .

Trammeled as they were by an inauspicious environment , in beautiful and fascinating as it was , the growing and creasing family looked beyond the narrow conﬁnes of their valley home for wider ﬁelds of enterprise and use

fulness .

Fate often opposes men like a wall of adamant , and superhuman effort is sometimes required to carve a way f S through di ﬁculties . ome men and women sit supinely ’ ﬁe rc en e ss down appalled by the of life s struggle , and , - ” waiting Micawber like for something to turn up , live

and die in the shadow of the ancestral tree . But the S S c o t cot is a born rover . The word signiﬁes a wan r derer , and he fairly outstrips the descendants of Haga , 75 HE LAN LINN 76 T C .

S hence the adage , A cotchman is never at home unless ” S he is abroad . He and his ﬁrst cousin , the cotch Irish , are ubiquitous . They are found today the world over wherever there is a demand for special activity and enter ’ r f ' prise . Is dange to be aced Without a moment s hesitation they ﬂing themselves into the forefront of battle and snatch victory from the very j aws of defeat . Balaklava and Inkerman were made possible only by the impetuosity and heroism of the Highlander . The Viking and the Saxon found in him a foeman worthy of their steel . Today he is seen climbing the Himalayas , trek in S king outh Africa , reclaiming the wilds of Australia

N ew Z and ealand , and leading pioneers through the vast forests of the Hudson Bay region and the illimitable N plains of the Canadian orthwest . Horse Valley and Path Valley sufﬁced as a nursery for the Linns , but greater latitude must be furnished the O n e growing scions . by one the children were springing up into the stature of men and women . The school in which they were being nurtured was a grand one for the r development of family vi tues and Christian heroism .

They there learned the lessons of industry , economy and - f perseverance in the face of never ceasing di ficulties , and as it never could have been learned in an old and settled neighborhood . With advancing and matured years for the children came the interesting and important question of mar ria e g and of future location . At the close of the cen tury John Linn had attained his maj ority and put his heart ( 1 80 2 ) in the keeping of one of the lasses of the S valley named cyoc , a maid of good parentage , well DI P I N THE LI N S ERS O OF N S. 77 nurtured and proficient in all the mysteries and ac c o m lishm ents p of housekeeping . He was influenced , as the

ﬁrst born and mainstay of his parents , as well as by the proximity of her home , to settle near the old homestead , 1 8 where he lived and died in 45, after having brought up a family of ten children .

He ete rs Among his descendants are the of Kewanee ,

Ill . ; the Morrises of Cambria and Derby , Iowa ; the

i k s E Pa S w c . . of Rolla , Mo ; the Lodges of mmaville , ; R hm o s . the of Bellmore , Ind ; the Hoops of Harrison

Pa. ville , and the Alexanders of Hopewell , ; the Linns of Basin City , Wyoming ; the Hennings of Julesburg,

Col . ; the Linns of Derby , Iowa ; the Hillards of Kendale , S Montana ; the Rubles of hele , Wyoming ; the Means of

Marcus , Iowa ; the Linns of Jupiter and Letcher , Cal . , Pa and Altoona , . ; the Diggins of Altoona ; the Linns

N . and Coles of ewton , Mo ; the Linns of Ravanna , the

Grays of Moberly , and the Hunters of Princeton , Mo . ; the Linns of Concordia , Kansas , and of Dow and Bixby , S I . T . the Wallaces of Bunker Hill , Healy and uccess , N S Kansas , and of Fowler , Cal . ; the elsons of uccess ,

W bles M ifﬂin C o hills Kansas ; the Kelleys and y of , the O We av of Lewistown , Tyrone and sceola Mills , and the

S Pal Widne s M c C lanah an s ers of altillo , ; the y , and Wil isn O . C e s sons of Cherry Fork , ; the Bowdens , y and

N e w th e C isne s Rocks of Paris , y of Burnt Cabins , and

idn e s Pa. W the Cromers of Hiram , ; the y and Greenes S of Lyndon , Kansas ; the Books of hade Valley and

Blain , Pa . the Hecks of Lock Haven and Coudersport ,

P i n M M ath a. W d e s O . c s ; the y of Fay , kla ; the of Blairs

Pa k b r r . Sto c e e s Mills , ; the g and Hecklers of Hedrich , HE LAN LINN 78 T C .

S S Tiﬂi n the hirks of utherland , the Browns of , the

Bookers of Danbury and Anson , the Robinsons of Pan R O ama , the Bookers of Percy , the inks and sbornes of

r M n llsb r P c C o ne u a. Shelby , Iowa ; the Forake s of g , ; the ff Kilpatricks of Council Blu s , Iowa ; the Casses of Peo b N e . ria , Ill the Creamers of Crete , ; the Snyders of Pa Cameron , Mo . ; the Linns of Robinsonville , . , Fair S a S an . . V . Play , Md . , Francisco , Cal , and haw , W ; the Pa idn W e s S t . S Millers of Purcell , . ; the y of Joe tation , Ka e s . O Ind , and Hicksville , hio ; the g y and Carpenters t S . S S . of Joe tation ; the Hulls of Colorado prings , Col ; S the Linns of Maddensville , hade Gap , Reeds Gap , War

a S eilh am e rs P . O riors Mark and Mt . Union , ; the of rbi S sonia , and the Potts of Rock Hill , Pa . the Linns of outh

Bend , Cosmopolis and Arctic , Washington , and of Glen Go tte rs wood , Iowa ; the of Scranton , Iowa , and Rose N O eb . burg , regon ; the Farrs and Sanfords of Bartlett ,

' the Dwyers of Centralia , and the Dews of Arctic , Wash in t o n Davis e s g ; the of Lindon , Iowa ; the Sanfords of E M u ll D N eb . c C o chs N ricson , ; the of Wilton , . . ; the n 1 N C S a C a . owlings of Pedro , ; the Weights of ishna T N eb . botna , Mo . ; the aylors of Bruel , , and Huston Pa town , . ; and the Browns of Maddensville , Pa .

William Linn , second child of Hugh Linn , who , as we have seen in Chapter V , was left in Ireland at the time of the emigration of Hugh Linn , had two children , who

1 8 2 . O ne came to America in 4 of them , who had mar ried in Ireland Mary Chadwick , has among his descend

Adam s Pa ants the Linns and e s of Philadelphia , . ; the ff C . Linns of Washington , D . , of Rochester and Bu alo , N Y . . N , and of ice , France . DI P R I N THE LINN S E S O OF S . 79

Mary Linn , third child of Hugh Linn , who as a little tot of six years had emigrated with her parents to

America , developed into a modest , blushing maiden , and gave her hand and heart to a neighbor lad , George to o Loughridge . They , , settled nearby , and soon another ’ family was launched on life s tumultuous sea . Three of their children died young , and today seven children and adults of the Loughridge family , indicated by as many mounds , are sleeping side by side in the village cemetery at Concord , reminding us of the beautiful stanzas by “ ”

S . Wadsworth , We Are even George Loughridge and S four surviving children moved toward the outhland , fol lowing the West Conococheague in its sinuous course near to the Potomac at Boonesboro , Md . and their de s c e ndants today are found in the Lo ugh ridge s of Phila S delphia , the miths of Chambersburg , the Barkers of P a. N Llanerch and Ashbourne , ; the eills of Hagerstown ,

Fo lw lls Md . ; the Woodburys of Alaska ; and the e of Mt . N Holly , . J . 2 d - Hugh Linn , at the age of twenty three wooed and won the heart of Ann Widney , daughter of James Wid ney , the eldest of the Widney family in America . They set up housekeeping in Path Valley , on one of James ’ Widne s r y farms , now owned by the Robe tson family , and on the site of the present house , a half mile south of

Concord , their ﬁrst born , James Widney Linn , saw the

1 80 . light in September , 9 To them were born eleven children , whose descendants are found in the Linns of III Bryn Mawr , Pa . the Henrys of Harmon and Polo , . E r the Henrys and Campbells of dgerton , and the Hen ys S Wo o lhisers and tevensons of Wellsville , Kansas ; the , E LAN LI NN 80 TH C .

i l ts O S L bo d and gdens of Mills , and the Wyatts of pring Sto l s N eb . view , ; the Taylors and p of Chicago ; the Wid P a. S neys and Finleys of Concord , ; the Frazers of helby , E O Iowa ; the Taylors of ugene City , regon , and of

Savanna and Joliet , Ill . the Cogswells of Boone , Iowa ;

Lo u h rid e s S the g g of West ide , Iowa , of Cotter and m ill T in . S C his i v e . , Arkansas , and of Alderson , I , the

n Wo o lhis e rs S clairs of Stephen , Min ; the of West ide , b t O N e . Iowa ; the Marshes of maha , ; the Mallet es of lli m Wi a s e s S O . Lake City , Iowa ; the of hawnee , kla ; the T Pattersons of Alderson , I . . ; the Dysarts and Brene

Pa . mans of Bellwood , . ; the Linns of Long Beach , Cal , E o f l . Dorado , Kansas , of Denver , Col , and of Carroll , b E N e . S . ; the miths of dgewater , Col ; the Blooms and N ew T e rs PO10 Winters of Las Vegas , Mexico ; the yp of , E . S S Ill ; the anfords , andys and rnests of Rolfe , Iowa ;

T e rs N ec e da . the yp of Hampton , Iowa , , Wis , and Wheat land , Wyoming . S S arah Linn , in her teens , found a mate in amuel

Campbell , but her married life was brief and she died 1 1 2 childless in 8 .

Margaret , the next oldest child , married Benj amin V . S cyoc . They made a home near her parents and reared

i i n i a family of seven children , one dy ng nfancy . Some of their children continued to reside in the neighborhood until near the close of the last century , and some of their O descendants are still found there . thers are found N e w S throughout Pennsylvania , and in York tate , but we have not been able to trace the various members of this family . Letters of inquiry sent to some of them have met with no response .

HE LAN LINN 82 T C .

O . . . sas , Coger , kla , and Ponca, I T the Traceys of Cox , S O kla . ; the Wallaces of Concord , and the hearers of

Spring Run , Pa . The ﬁrst decade of the last century had j ust been numbered when the sable-winged messenger of death hovered over the home of Hugh Linn . That saddest hour in the history of a man ’s life came to him when she , who for a third of a century had walked by his side , who had borne and nursed his children , who had made for him more than all else could that which men call home , felt the chill of approaching death . But she had done her duty nobly and well , and she , who had never known defeat in the struggle of life , acknowledged in 1 8 1 0 the supremacy of our universal foe , but could truly “ O O say , death where is thy sting , grave where is thy ” 1 8 1 victory . In 5, ﬁve years later , Hugh Linn obeyed the same summons and was laid by the side of his com panion in the little village cemetery . Today their last resting places are marked by the same columns of moun tain sandstone , which were placed there ninety years ago , containing name and date of decease of each . In the quiet and simplicity of that beautiful spot , over which wave the fronds of mountain pine , they rest in peace until Gabriel ’s trump shall summon them to a higher life . E CHAPT R XII .

Ahanho neh g ite of the (19121 ﬁo meoteoh Hioiteh .

Fo r w e are th e sam e o ur a e rs a e e e n f th h v b , We s e e th e sam e s s o u r a e rs a e s e en ight f th h v , We r n th e s am e s re am an d e w t h e s am e su n d i k t vi ,

An d ru n th e s am e cou rse o u r fath e rs have run .

e e 'a e e w e n s a are no w Th y di d y th y di d ; , thi g th t , a w a o n th e r a e s e r e r r w Th t lk tu f th t li ov th i b o , An d m ak e in e r w e n s a ran s e n a e th i d lli g t i t bod , - h n s a e m et o n e r r m a e r a . n M e e t t e thi g th t th y th i pilg i g o d K ox .

FEW of the principal events in the history of our

family have been brieﬂy sketched , its adopted

N ew locality in the World described , its early struggles

c harac te ris in pioneer life detailed , some of the family tics alluded to and its dispersion given . By the corre spo nde n c e which has taken place during ‘ the last year and

a half , individual families have added stone after stone anc es to the monumental cairn , a twig or branch to the

tral tree , a contribution to the sum total of family rec ords from the time of the emigration down to the year 1 0 bio ra hi 9 5, as seen in the genealogical records and g p O u r cal sketches which follow . task is in a measure

ﬁnished , though not perfected , for we regret the failure

of some to answer the family roll call , and we are now

almost ready to say to each other Adieu .

Let us , however , before parting , gather for a few mo ments by that beautiful spring where Hugh Linn estab

lish 1 ed a home in 788 . Its waters still leap swiftly forth 83 THE LA N 84 C N LIN .

like a released prisoner , impatient of restraint , dancing for very gladness , singing the song of liberty , sparkling in the sunlight , and rippling over their pebbly path as if striving to emulate the Falls of Lodore ” in their j ourney to the valley below . The birds too sing the songs of yore in the treetops overhead , and ever and anon drop airily downward into the stream , dipping

rufﬂin their plumage into its perennial freshness , g again and again their wealth of down and feather , and perch on - bush or tree to preen their multi colored garb . Wild ﬂowers here and there gaze upon us as if in wonder that so many strangers have invaded their quiet haunts .

S e e ' here is a ﬂower that speaks volumes to us , for it was long ago cultivated by hands now turned to dust .

It marks the site of the original cabin . Year after year for generations it has lived

to b sh n s e e n lu u , an h i An d w as t e its fragr c e o n t e d esert a r.

for no human habitation nor voice is near . It is the “ ” — - Blue Flag ( Fleur de lis ) , its tongue eloquently pro claiming the care and watchfulness of the Great Father , who has preserved it all these years since our common ancestor gave it a place beneath the windows of his forest “ home . Consider the lilies of the ﬁeld , how they grow ; they toil not , neither do they spin ; and yet I say unto you that even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed ” like one of these . Is there any hidden mystery surrounding the preser vation of these lonely emblems of a home long since AB AND N D H T AD V I I T D 8 O E OMES E S E . 5 broken up ' Can it be that the fairies have watered by night and guarded by day these reminders of the Lares ' and Penates , the household gods of the departed Linns Have they been thus preserved to recall to us their pos ” terit - y , the Blue Bells , and heather covered moors of S cotland , the home for untold generations of our sires '

But the time wanes and we must go hence . Let us visit the little village burial ground , where so many of our kin sleep the sleep that knows no waking . Donated S by James Widney , brother of arah (Widney ) Linn , more than a hundred years ago for cemetery purposes , it stands upon an elevation ﬁtted by beauty of situation and na tural advantages for the mausoleum of the greatest of ’ the world s heroes or sages . What thoughts come troop ing through the vista of memory marshaled by a myriad of associations ' These granite and marble shafts speak to us with an eloquence not born of this world . True , they tell us that here are deposited , beneath these ancient pine trees , all that remains of those who were once dearer to us than life itself . But with a still small voice , like the music of the spheres , not heard by those whose ears are unattuned to their speech , they summon us to noble conceptions of life , to heroic ambitions , to hallowed aspi rations .

Hugh Linn stands before us , clothed in ﬂesh , and the eye which once glowed with a saintly life inspires us with a new and holier energy . Like a panorama the deeds of our forefathers , focused in this place , ﬂash upon r our vision , and we say from our heart of hea ts , may our lives never disgrace the record they set before us . HE LAN LINN 86 T C .

n With uncovered heads and moistened eyes , we look upo these mounds , and repeat the prayer of the ancient Latin church liturgy

a B n o Requiem Aetern nt o n Eia. B mine.

Give to th em Go d ter al e e n r s t. ( , O , )

Th e so ft sw eet o c e w h ch s n fo r u s a u a , v i i u g l ll by, ’ Th e o e-lit e e s w h c h w e at suffe n s c r l v y i pt ri g y , Th e h ea n bo so m w h e e se c e w e safe ua e la vi g r ur ly g rd d y , m aw a Like p e ac e ful ﬂ e e ting dr ea s have sadly p asse d y .

O u r fa h e s s e e n lie en e a h th e as s so d t r , l pi g, b t gr y , Whil e t o th e ri s ing sun the fragrant ﬂo w e rets n o d ; Th e lo w a c h e o o fs th e c e e n ne s e n w ne ir r d r r pi g vi t i , Th e e em a n e n b nc en a en ir r qui pl i tiv s u g y i se l d pine .

At e en n sha e the so o c c e s n s his s e n e v i g d ty ri k t tri g trid t lyr , Th e h mb e o w w o m m s a a n h e r e s e ﬁre u l gl r tri g i v p r , ’ Th e n n n ht h aw sh e s f o m c c n a h o erhead plu gi g ig k ri k r ir li g p t ,

Fit co mrade s in th e n igh t w at c h fo r the lo w ly de ad .

’ S e e o n nm o e b abo s din o r m a a m l p , u v d y l r rti l dru , h e sen e s e e s a s h e c ease ess c c e s run W il tri d rri d t r t ir l y l , T Ga e stan o n e fo o o n se a and o ne o n an ill bri l d t l d, ’ Ea th s w a t n w e a e s ee n m o ns t o co mm an r i i g, ri d, l pi g illi d .

N One look more and we part forever . ear us is the r mansion built by James Widney , and before us , ac oss the Tuscarora Creek , are the lands once tilled by Hugh 2 d Linn , all hallowed to their posterity . Behind us is the “ ” Round Top , one of the ranges of the beautiful Blue “ ” Mountains ; to our right is The Knob , a thousand feet above us , guarding , sentinel like , the place on which we stand ; in front is the Tuscarora Mountain , all over looking the valley ; while nestled in the vale at our feet , AB AND N D H M T AD V I I T D 8 O E O ES E S E . 7

is the little village of Concord , the site of so many of our ’ i early family activities . Tis a quiet village , g ving little indication that at one time it was a centre of life and in du str y , which has been a stranger to it for half a cen tury . That great artery of modern life , the railway , which has built so many towns and cities , has sapped its i vitality , crippled its ndustries and blasted its former enterprise . Thus has it been stranded upon the shoals ’ of life s sea ; but the beauty of its environment still t e u n mains , save in so far as the axe of the ruthless and sentimental woodman has devastated its hill crests and mountain slopes .

We venerate it for what it was , we love it for what it still retains of kinship and friendship , and though Icha t bod seems written over its portals , we are not withou hope that a renaissance may brighten its history , that the dawn of a new era may dispel the clouds , and that it - may rise Phoenix like into a new and better life . We r cannot and shall not forget it , and hesitate to depa t , but the duties of life call to us from far and near , and much as affection urges us to remain , we must say

ﬂ aremell.

a ew e a o n fa ew e e s a e m o nta ns o ld F r ll , l g r ll , y t t ly u i , Wh o se t o w ering p eaks by m atin ligh t are tipp e d w ith go ld ; Whe e c a e an d s e a n be ech an d c n n c u s e n ne r rv d pr di g , li gi g, l t ri g vi ,

Reh e arse ane w th e Arc adian l o ve s o f auld l ang syne .

U o n th h e h s the S o m K n fo e s anc e s e en p y ig t t r i g rg l k , ’ His anvil s th u n de rin g ro ar aw akening every glen ; He th ere fro m l urid darken ing c l o ud a draft di s till s Fo r h s m an and beast and fo r the n s t ir ty , rippli g rill . 88 THE LAN LIN N C .

Th ho a h e a s and be e n b o w s th e c o s e nc o a y ry d tli g r l ud l k, Thy s id e s are belt e d ro u n d by s turdy m o u nt ai n o ak ; Th mbs are sw a he b ﬁe s o f n e en y li t d y ld livi g gr , h r en b w f b m m T y fee t a e g tly l ave d y s i t ut li pid strea .

a ew e ho a e n e s e in th e na o w a e F r ll , t u vill g tl d rr v l , Pil fere d by m an fro m turk ey w ild and piping q u ail ; M a e ac and c o n c o a sec e each et ho m e y p e rd gu rd ur q ui , h e an n h m Wh e w e t e s ss t so s t e w e w o o a . il , y r tl , tru , id rld r

a e w e e fa thf f en s o f n e c an s F r ll , y i ul ri d ki dr d l , Who o ft h ave gre e t e d u s w ith o p e n gen e ro u s h an d s ; ’ M a h e a en s be n e c o n o n o u a e s y v di ti y d ily r t , c e th e K n o f n u An d eve ry he art ac pt i g ki gs as g e st.

it ne w o broelleot in m nte (19 Ehon finfin e (fi . h g rg mo rtalo t e name bein ester impenetrable to . h g y ao b forever to w o m a t onaanh earn hag . tobag . h h y t no are but an a mairh in the night . earh to renerenre fem fleetin earo are ant U hgaelf. anh w hen our g p p . bring no to that rest mhirh remaineth for thy

peo ple. Amen.

C O NTENTS .

SE TI C ON I .

FIRST GEN ERATION I N AM ERI CA

E TI N II S C O .

M LY OF H GH L N N AN D S R H W DN FA I U I A A I EY .

SE TI N III C O .

FA M ILY OF JOH N LI N N AN D JAN E c oc D e s cen dan ts of Charl e s Li n n an d Mart ha S n y M art ha Linn an d Willi am Widn e y ara n n an d n n e r S h Li Joh S yd . Hugh Lin n an d Mary S ay an n n an o h n ne e Li d P . Wid y Jo h n Li n n an Eli z a Rou s e am e s Li n n an d Hann ah Robe rt s li z a Li n n and William Taylor

E TI I S C ON V .

FAM ILY OF WILLIAM LI N N AN D D escen dan t s of Hugh Lin n an d M ary Chad w ick

SECTIO N V .

M L R L HR D FA I Y OF M ARY LI N N AN D GEO GE OUG I GE .

es en an ra r n d ar are n n 1 2 2 D c d t s of Ab ham Lough idge a M g t Li . r n a e Eav 1 2 2 Wilh am Lough idge a d R ch l y .

T I S EC IO N V .

M L H N D DN FA I Y OF UGH LI N N 2 D A AN N WI EY .

n an n e n n an d ar 2 6 D e sce d ts of J am e s Wid y Li M y Wild s “ 1 S ara An n n n an d am e en r 1 2 6 h Li S u l H y ” Mar'y, Li n n an d S am ue l Book er 1 2 7 m n n an d A a so n a r 1 2 e Li . J ck T ylo 7 'liarg are t Lin n an d Abraham Lough ridge 1 2 9

e x an e r E n n an d a a S a e r. 1 0 Al d . Li M tild h v 3

ra e a M . n n an d Wm . M . m 1 1 A b ll Li Bloo . 3

e an r m e r n n an d WI11 . e r 1 2 El o Po oy Li Typ . 3 S EC TIO N V II .

N H R FA M ILY OF JAM ES LI N N A D NANCY B OO E . . h as e r B . n n an d z a e Lau e r 1 De sce n dant s of C p Li Eli b th t s . 3 4 io a r am e s . L n n d a a a 1 W. S h Chilco t . 3 4 an n n an ar e an s 1 e Li d Ch l s W. Ev 3 5 n n an arr e e 1 ugh Li d C i F ight . . 3 s am e B n n an d an e 1 S u l . Li J G. 3 5

a B n n and e s e r A. a 1 6 J cob . Li H t Chilco t 3

E TI I S C ON V II .

FA M ILY OF JAN E LI N N AN D ROBERT C A M PBELL .

De sc e n dan t s of J ame s Cam pbe ll an d Eliz a 1 3 8 A n z n 1 8 n Eli a Campbe ll a d John Hay . 3

ar a am e an d as . M c Lau hlin 1 8 M th C pb ll Ch g . 3 ar ane am e an d saa B ratto n 1 M y J C pb ll I c . 3 9

N an am e an d Wm . e “ 1 0 cy W. C pb ll Buckl y 4 n am e and a e r n e H 1 0 Joh C pb ll C th i . Cook . 4

X SEC TIO N I .

M L OF N L N N H H LL FA I Y NA CY I AN D UG WA ACE .

D e scen dan t s of John Wall ace an d Eliz abe th B e rry ar n an d w n M y A n Wall ace William E i g . ar are ane a a e and M g t J W ll c G. e e n n e W. D v y a n d ara n n e Hugh Wall ce a S h A Stak . Eemarko It is much to be regretted that the older records of the Linn family , which were left behind when our branch O ld of that family came from the World , have been lost . Every effort made to find them has resulted in disappoint ment . As they are not obtainable , we shall speak of 1 Hugh Linn , born in 753 , as a member of the first gen c ration . The records which follow have been placed in ch ro no lo gic al order and are as complete as the compiler has N ff been able to make them . o e ort has been spared to reach e very member of the Linn family and to include in the genealogy all their descendants known under other - S re names down to great grandchildren . everal of the lated families failed to re spond t o the invitation to a family reunion , and we regret the deficiencies in the gen e alo ic al S g record due to that cause . ome in forwarding records inadvertently left omissions which time did not f permit us to supply . Di ficulty has been found in some artic u cases in deciphering manuscripts , given names p larl y , and the compiler must beg pardon for any errors in the text . The eye of the professional genealogist will at once note and perhaps criticize the fact that we have discarded the routine method used in displaying data . The num ber designating the individual and that giving his genera tion , the words born and died , the days and months of birth and death , and the place of birth , death and burial , as well as all personal remarks have been ex cluded from 93 THE LA I 94 C N L NN .

the body of the genealogy . These items have not been deemed of sufficient importance to the family at large can as to warrant their inclusion , and readily be supplied by individual families , while their introduction would o greatly augment the size and expense of the b ok . A S ECTIO N has been as signed to each FAMILY of the N N N O f mem SECO D generation , and the DESCE DA TS each ber of the THIRD generation in that family have been i r e g ven under separate captions . In this manne ther need be no difficulty in design ating the generation to which anyone belongs .

The P . 0 . addresses of all heads of families and adults have been given in order to facilitate communication rn among the various branches of the family , thus fu ish ing an Opportunity to those long and widely separated for quickening the ties of kinship . L G . W . . SE C TIO N I .

Generation in

N 1 -1 1 1 HUGH LIN 753 8 5 . 777 - Sarah Widney 1 757 1 8 10

SE C TI O N I I I .

Elamil Zlo n Ei a anh a r o g of h n El ne S g r.

E N - 6 1 82 CHARL S LI N 1 80 3 1 87 . 4 - 1 8 1 1 6 . Martha S nyder 80 3 85 . . married 57 Sophia Cornell

N N - 1 82 6 MARTHA LI 1 80 5 1 888 . William Widney

N - 2 SARAH LI N 1 80 6 1 89 . married John Snyder 1 80 0 -1 878 HUGH LI NN 1 80 8-1 88 1 married Mary Saylor 1 8 1 4-1 892

MARY LI N N 1 8 1 0 -1 8 married Harmon Hockenberry

- 1 8 E . MARGAR T LI NN 1 8 1 2 1 8 . married Henry Hockenberry

N E N N 1 -1 1 JA LI 1 8 5 85 . married 1 1 -1 0 John P . Widney 8 6 9 5 N N - JOH LI N 1 8 1 8 1 885 . married Eliza Jane Rouse 1 82 1 -1 89 1

ES N 2 0 -1 0 JAM LI N 1 8 9 4 . married Hannah Roberts 1 82 1 -1 90 4

ELIZA LINN 1 82 2 William Taylor 1 8 1 4-1 892

Hustontown , Pa . THE LAN LINN 1 00 C .

D E SC E N D AN TS O F C HARL E S L I N N R AN D M ART HA S N YD E .

N N 1 82 -1 8 6 1 8 8 r N . . t JOH L LI , 5 5 , married , 4 , Har ie d P Du o a . . . L dge , (now of Bellwoo , , and married to D G - N N 1 8 1 8 . vall ) . Two children , AQUILA M . LI , 49 54 N N 1 8 2 1 8 8 MARY C . LI , 5 , married 7 to Frank Heeter , of

1 880 . Kewanee , Ill . Five children , Anna Blanche Heeter — — — 1 8 1 . 1 882 . 8 8 88 Mamie O . Heeter Hale Heeter 9 — l 8 . . 1 8 . Alta L . Heeter 9o Alice L Heeter 94 S S N N N 1 82 -1 8 0 1 8 8 Na U A LI , 7 7 , married , 4 , than 62 1 8 . S n c re . Morris , who died eve hild n , CAMBRIDGE G - — R 1 1 -1 6 8 8 . 1 8 1 8 2 . . MORRIS, 49 5 MARGARET C MOR IS, 5 9 — 1 8 -1 i 1 8 6 88 . MARTHA H . MORRIS, 53 3 , marr ed , 7 , J C . ' n — H o f Chapma C ARLES WESLEY MORRIS, Cambria , 1 8 1 882 Iowa , 55, married , , Dora Miller , and has one lli 1 — N N M az e 886 . . child , Anna , BE JAMI S MORRIS, of Th o k m o r a 1 8 1 88 S . c Derby , Iow , 57, married , 7 , arah F — N N 1 8 a ton . A ABELL MORRIS, of Rolla, Mo . , 59 , m rried ,

1 880 . S , James L wick , and had three children , Jessie , - 6 1 1 t 1 88 . 88 1 1 8 2 W. . O 0 9 , Rober , of Rolla , Mo , , tis , 9 5 EE f r 1 86 E . L o ROBERT MORRIS, De by , Iowa , 3 , married ,

886 . 1 88 1 o O W. , Flora A . P llard Five children , tis , 7 , o H 1 88 1 8 2 t 1 8 Ll yd . , 9 , Olive May , 9 , Lena Rober a , 95, 1 8-1 8 8 . Howard , 9 99 E N E NN 1 82 -1 8 1 8 2 o CATH RI LI , 9 97 , married , 5 , J z abe d E a — Lodge , of mmaville , Penn Seven children ,

N a 1 8 . . JULIA LODGE, m rried , 74 , D F Rohm , of Bellmore , — 1 8 -1 88 1 s a S r a . Indian even child en , Willi m J , 75 , Jes ie L 1 8 8 n 1 —1 8 1 1 88 . 880 8 , 7 , Catheri e , , Grace , 3 , Blanche , 1 86-1 2 1 — 8 8 8 8 . 1 . 9 , Mary , 88 , Laura , 94 MARTHA A

THE LAN LINN 1 02 C .

1 1 1 8 1110 1 8 . . 8 . Linn , 9 , Leo C Linn , 95, L Linn , 99 E N N 1 8 -1 86 1 —ASA N N 1 860 ZEKIEL LI , 54 . JAMES LI , 8 — N N 1 E N N 1 86 -1 8 6 1 1 . 88 73 MI E . LI , 4 9 , married , 3 ,

David Henderson , of Concordia , Kansas . Three chil D 1 88 S o P 1 . 886 dren , Alexander , 4 , im n . , , and Clarissa 1 — H N E 6 8 0 . N N 1 8 J. , 9 MART A WI IFR D LI , 7 , married , 1 88 4 , Jerry Raymond , of Bixby , I . T . Five children , E 1 88 1 0 Cora dith , 5, married , 9 5, F . C . Lindsey , Charles E 1 8 0 a 1 8 2 1 8 ugene , 9 , Ell Ruth , 9 , David Luther , 95, — - 1 8 . . N N 1 8 0 1 8 Rachel , 99 RACHEL A LI , 7 77, and H N N 1 8 0 t T — C ARLES H . LI , 7 ( wins) , of Dow , I . . CLAR N N 1 8 -1 8 ISSA M . LI , 74 77 .

E N N 1 8 -1 8 1 1 8 8 HUGH . LI , 3 5 9 , married , 5 , Kate in E P — an ste a . V , of ighth avenue , Altoona , Five chil N N N 1 8 1 88 dren , MARTHA JA E LI , 59 , married , 3 , Jesse

F . Means , of Marcus , Iowa , nine children , Deborah , 1 88 1 88 1 88 3 , Mary Gertrude , 5, Jesse Clifton , 7 , Louisa 1 888 1 8 1 S 1 8 Pearl , , Cora Lee , 9 , ilas Clay , 95, Frances

1 8 1 8 1 0 . Virginia, 97 , Judie Marie , 99 , Louis Windle , 9 3 N N GEORGE B . LI , of Jupiter , Tuolumne County , Cal . , 1 862 — ON 1 -1 86 - N S 86 . N . , 4 4 JAMES HARRY LI , of E 1 1 Pa 866 1 0 . ighth street , Altoona , . , , married 9 , Mrs

-c h IIdre n Maggie A . Gilliland , and has three step , Mary — . 1 1 1 1 8 . C 8 8 O . , 9 , Iona , 94 , James , 97 MARY GERTRUDE N E N 1 8 1 1 8 2 S . LI , 7 , married , 9 , impson J Diggins , of ighth 1 8 Pa. avenue , Altoona , , two children , Harry Linn , 93 , E 1 8 6 and Hugh . , 9 .

E N N N 1 8 8-1 8 1 868 H RY LI , 3 93 , married , , Rebecca 1 -1 —E S N N N 8 8 88 . Burd , 4 5 ight children , IMO FRAZIER LI , N w 1 86 1 0 . . 8 of e ton , Mo , 9 , married , 9 , Matilda Drake OHN LI N N — AN E C Y C 1 J J S O . 03

L N N 1 8 1 1 8 A ICE MARGARET LI , 7 , married , 93 , Frank N . c hidren 1 8 S Cole , of ewton , Mo , ﬁve , Lillie , 95, imon — C . 1 8 6 1 8 8 1 0 1 1 0 HES , 9 , Albert , 9 , Ivan , 9 , Vernon , 9 4 . L N N 1 8 a — N N TER LI LY LI , 73 , of Derby , Iow MI IE BELLE N N 1 8 -1 8 1 8 I , , , . L 75 94 married 93 , John Andrews H M E L N N o f n 1 8 T O AS ST E LI , Rava na , Mo . , 77 , married ,

‘ 1 8 8 M a S w an E 1 0 0 -1 0 1 9 , Bertha y , two children , ldon , 9 9 , an d 1 0 2 - M AY N N . 1 880 m Dale , 9 LAURA LI , , arried

— L ED H . N N N , l , LI IT I Charles Gray of Mober y Mo E E L , 1 88 — . E H 3 , married J Hunter , of Princeton , Mo . T EL N N 1 88 N n REBECCA LI , 5, of ewto , Mo .

O S N N c 1 8 0 AM LI , of Let her , Fresno County , Cal . , 4 , 1 86 married , 3 , Jane Wallace , and has two children , S H N N 1 86 N N N N CARRIE OP IA LI , 3 , and HE RY GIRVI LI , 1 869 .

N N 1 8 1 86 MARTHA LI , 43 , married , 4 , Wilson Wal

o f -N lace , Bunker Hill , Kansas . ine children , WILLIAM L 1 86 1 8 0 R . WA LACE, of Healey , Kansas , 5, married , 9 , L Della F . Maynard , and has seven children , Harry . , 1 8 1 1 M 1 E 8 . A 8 . C 9 , Charles . , 93 , Christina , 95, dith , M 1 0 2 1 8 A 1 8 S . C . 97 , Margaretta . , 99 , adie , 9 , Goldina , 1 0 — H L S n 1 86 9 4 . C ARLES L . WA LACE, of uccess , Ka sas , 7 , 1 0 1 N married , 9 , Mary A . elson , and has two children , 1 0 — T . . W. 1 0 . George , 9 3 , and Richard , 9 4 GEORGE W 1 8 0 1 8 E WALLACE, of Fowler , Cal . , 7 , married , 94 , mma ll — H 1 8 2 S e S N . . JO M WALLACE, of Bunker Hill , 7 , mar 1 8 S E O . ried , 95, tella Burns , and has four children , rnest M 1 1 0 R 1 E 8 . . 1 8 8 8 , 97 , Violet . , 9 , Martha , 99 , Ray , 9 4 N 1 8 FRA K D . WALLACE, of Bunker Hill , 74 , married ,

1 0 1 N W. 9 , Dora A . Warner , and has two children , elson , 10 THE LAN LINN 4 C .

2 1 0 — 1 8 6-1 8 6 1 0 . . 9 , and Jennie , 9 5 MARY C WALLACE, 7 7 . — N 1 8 — 8 . . HE RY WALLACE, of Bunker Hill , 7 MARY A

1 88 1 1 0 1 N N S u c WALLACE, , married , 9 , els J . elson , of A 1 0 2 cess , Kansas , and has two children , Clara . , 9 , and — F 1 0 . Wilson . , 9 5 KATE M . WALLACE, of Bunker Hill , 1 884 .

D E SC E N DAN TS O F M ART HA LI N N AN D I LL IAM I Y W W D N E .

N E N E 1 82 -1 8 6 1 8 6 JA WID Y , 7 9 , married , 4 , John

tflin — H M i Pa S . Kelley , of , . even children , MART A M 1 6-1 6 — 1 8 8 . 8 . KELLEY, 4 4 MARGARET D KELLEY, 47 , mar Pa 1 868 . ried , , William Henry Cisney , of Tyrone , , and 1 86 1 8 0 S . had eight children , arah J, 9 , John Alfred , 7 , 1 8 2 1 8 George Whitefield , 7 , Lucinda Linn , 75, Thomas E 1 1 8 -1 80 E 8 N G . 8 mmett , 77 , annie , 79 , lizabeth Belle , 1 —AN N E KEL 1 88 1 S 88 . , and amuel Widney , 5 LIZABETH 1 8 -1 8 0 1 8 2 LEY, 49 9 , married , 7 , George W . Wyble , of M ifflin P 1 2 E a. 8 , , and had five children , William , 7 , mma 8 l Z 1 2 E 1 8 K . 1 8 . 88 Jane , 75, Harry , 7 , Char es , , lmore 8 — 0 1 8 1 1 8 1 8 . . Cisney , 5 GE RGE W KELLEY, 5 , married , 75, 1 8 Alice Collier , and had five children , Harry Linn , 77 , 1 8 -1 88 1 1 88 -1 88 Clara Jane , 79 , Maggie May , 3 3 , George — 1 8 N 1 8 0 . N D N 8 . Albert , 5, Bertha , 9 JOH WI EY KELLEY,

M ifﬂin 1 1 0 E ff Pa 8 88 . of , . , 53 , married , , llen C Kau man , h 1 88 1 and had three c ildren , Lulu May , , Mary Jane ,

1 886 1 — X N D EL 88 . K E . 8 , and Anna , WILLIAM ALE A ER

L EY M ifflin P 1 6 1 88 1 E a. 8 S . , of , , 5 , married , , allie Birch fi l — N N ffi n 1 e . i i 8 d S M Pa. 8 AMUEL LI KELLEY, of , , 5 ,

1 6 THE C LAN LIN N 0 .

N . e w Pa. Rev . William H Bowden , Paris , , and had three E 1 88 1 1 8 m C . 8 a children , Lucinda lverda , , Claude , 4 , S - H M 1 88 . N W. N 1 86 1 uel , 9 T O AS MCCLELLA CIS EY, , 1 88 Pa. married , 4 , Frances Kline , of Burnt Cabins , , and O 1 886 E 1 8 1 had six children , David ren , , Anna thel , 9 , E 1 8 N 1 8 -1 0 0 E dna Mildred , 93 , Charles ewton , 9 5 9 , lmer 1 1 - H R LL 0 0 S 0 . U I A Bruce , 9 , Lloyd humaker , 9 4 MART A N 1 86 1 0 0 N ew CIS EY, 3 , married , 9 , Frederick J . Rock , of Pa 1 — E I S . C . 0 . C Paris , , one child , George , 9 3 MARY TTA N EY 1 6 1 8 88 Pa. , 5, married , 9 , A . J . Cromer , of Hiram , , E 1 8 N and has three children , Harry llsworth , 97 , annie , 1 8 8 1 o o — N 9 , Margaret , 9 . MARGARET HOLMES CIS EY, 1 6 8 9 . NE 1 8 6 1 8 MARTHA WID Y , 3 , married , 57 , William N H H . Greene , of Lyndon , Kansas . Four children , A T A L . N —1 8 o — E E N 1 86 1 1 8 8 8 . GREE E, 5 LMER . GREE E, , married , 1 8 1 9 , Amanda J . Howell , Lyndon , Kansas , and has two — l n 1 . i A 1 2 8 . W e a . 8 O . children , , 9 , Helena , 93 WILBUR A — E N N 1 -1 2 N 868 8 . 1 86 . . GREE E, 3 LEA OR J GREE E, 7 AN N N E 1 8 8 1 86 S MARY WID Y , 3 , married , 3 , amuel

S ix N N S . Book , of Shade Valley , Pa . children , A IE - — 8-1 o —ED N E 1 86 8 . 8 1 8 0 . 1 6 . BOOK , 4 7 LLA L BOOK, 7 MO D

1 8 0 S Pa. . D . BOOK , 7 , of hade Valley , , married Annie M R E a 1 8 6 . v . Rodgers , and has three children , J , 9 , Harry , — 1 8 L . . . 99 , Herbert , I 9O3 WILLIAM H BOOK, of Blaine , P 1 1 8 a. 8 , 73 , married , 97 , Margaret Fleming, one child , — N e o u s ett . DR S . 1 8 8 . O . Ruth , 9 . SCAR W BOOK, of p , Ill , — 1 8 . E E Pa. 8 I 8 6 . . S 7 LVA BOOK, of hade Valley , , 3 Pa S E N E . AMU L WID Y , of Burnt Cabins , , married ,

Lauth e rs 1 8 1 8 Belle , who died , Married again ,

Kate Yeater , one child , Martha Cornelia . OHN LIN N — AN C Y C J J E S O . 07

N E 1 8 2 1 6 S 8 . ARAH WID Y , 4 , married , 5, Rev Levi T G . Heck , of Lock Haven , Pa . hree children , ALBERT N Pa 1 6 1 0 1 S . 8 IMPSO HECK, of Coudersport , , 7 , married , 9 ,

Matilda Raymond , and has two children (twins) , How —E R 1 0 2 . GE ard Widney and Marjorie Raymond , 9 LLA 1 8 0 1 0 S . TRUDE HECK, 7 , married , 9 3 , Merritt Adams , of Pa — N 1 . 8 . Watsontown , WILLIAM WID EY HECK, 75

N E 1 8 WILLIAM WID Y , of Lyndon , Kansas , 47, 1 6 N E WIL 8 . married , 7, Isabella Ann oss ight children , N N N O 1 868 LIAM LI WID EY, of Fay , klahoma , , married , 1 8 E 93 , mma Carpenter , and has ﬁve children , William , E — R E N D . O . arl , ellie , wen and thel GEORGE BEVERLY D N 1 86 -1 8 1 8 Do rnstan WI EY, 9 99 , married , 95, Viola Van , ‘ th — WO I . two children , Georgiana and Theodore ISABELLA N 1 -1 886 — N N 1 L D N 1 8 . COULTER WID EY, 7 A E LUE LA WI EY, 8 -1 8 — N N 1 8 -1 88o 1 . S . 73 93 AMUEL MUSSI A WID EY, 74 A — DR N N D ID M Y N 1 6 . . W 8 , CLARA WID EY, 7 JOH T BLA N EY 1 8 8 O a — WID , 7 , of Kaw City , klahom MARY ALICE N EY 1 88 , 4 .

E N E 1 8 1 1 8 2 . LLA WID Y , 5 , married , 7 , John P Mc M C N S . Math , of Blairs Mills , Pa . Three children , JOH H 1 8 Pa. 1 8 MAT , of Blairs Mills , , 73 , married , 97 , Bessie — 1 8 8 . N N Robertson , one child , Robert Dewey , 9 MARY LI — H 1 8 0 . 1 8 8 . MCMATH , 7 ROBERT C MCMAT , 9

D E SC E N D AN T S O F SARAH L I N N H N E R AN D JO N S YD .

N E S N E 1 82 6-1 8 0 1 8 JA YD R , 7 , married , 49 , Aaron S 1 8 1 -1 1 E N S H 1 8 0 8 . hore , 9 9 leven children , AMO ORE, 5 — El 1 8 o N H M arsaille s . 5 . JIMISO S ORE, of , Mo , married HE LAN LINN 1 08 T C .

len Davis , and has six children , John , Mark , Avery , — N 1 S H 1 8 George , Reuben and Clinton . LAVI A ORE, 53 ,

t k be r r 1 1 8 2 . . S o c e 8 married , 7 , W H g , who died , 79 , O 1 8 a and had two children , llie Lee , 74 , and V lletta Alice , 1 8 2 1 8 . 77 , married again , 9 , H W . Heckler , of Hedrick , E — H E r 1 8 . S Iowa , one child , Be tha . , 95 ARA LIZABETH H - — S 1 8 1 8 o . R S H 1 8 6 ORE, 54 7 MILLA D FILLMORE ORE, 5 , M c Ke nne married Jennie y , and has three children , E — N H 1 —1 8 8 8 . Pearl , Mabel and cho . AMA DA S ORE , 5 59 H H - —E N H N S 1 860 1 8 . S S a JO ORE, 73 OCH AVERY ORE, of 1 862 k — N vanna , Ill . , , married Melissa Clar MARY JA E H 1 866-1 0 S . ORE, 9 4 , married George W Bowers , of Mead — H - — S 1 66 1 66 10 LA . . 8 8 . V ville , Mo LUCRETIA ORE, D S H 1 868 S ORE, , married Benjamin Shirk , of utherland ,

Iowa , and has seven children , Hattie , Isabel , Harold ,

Chester , Victor , Hugh , and Robert Palmer .

S S N N S N E Tiﬂi n 1 82 8 U A AH YD R , of , Iowa , , mar 1 1 8 . S . ried , 5 , Morris Brown even children , GILBERT A N 1 8 2 1 888 E BROW , 5 , married , , mma Dodd , and has four 1 888 E 1 8 1 O 1 8 children , Alvah , , llsworth , 9 , scar , 94, and 1 8 —E N N 1 8 -1 8 6 — E 6 . Lola , 9 LLA JA E BROW , 54 5 . ROBERT . - — N 1 8 6 1 8 6 . E N 1 8 BROW , 5 5 LIZABETH BROW , 59 , married , 1 88 4 , C . R . Dennison , of Grand Mound , Washington , S 1 88 N 1 88 and had four children , usan , 5, ellie , 7 , Harry , 1 888—1 8 0 1 8 6 — E N N ffi 9 , Merna , 9 . DWI M . BROW , of Ti n , 1 86 1 1 88 Iowa , , married , 7 , Helen Cropley , and has one E 2 — N ff 1 6 1 8 . 8 child , dith , 9 BRUCE BROW , of Ti in , Iowa , 3 , 1 8 0 married , 9 , Mary Bowers , and has seven children , , 1 8 1 1 8 2 E 1 8 E 1 8 Glenn , 9 , Leslie , 9 , verett , 94 , ldon , 97 , 1 E 1 2 1 — N 00 0 0 . Philo , 9 , leanor , 9 , Bessie , 9 4 CLAY BROW ,

1 THE C LAN LINN 10 .

1 0 1 Isenberg , and has two children , Margaret , 9 , Paul , 88 — N N 1 1 0 N 1 . S 8 8 9 3 , ellie , 7 ISAAC TI SO , 5 , married Mol —R H . S N N 1 860 lie Graham , (ﬁve children) AC EL V . TI SO , 1 8 0 — H N S N N 1 86 7 JO WESLEY TI SO , 3 .

E T S E 1 8 -1 8 1 N . N 6 H RY YD R , 3 4 .

E SY N DER 1 8 1 86 RACH L B . , 3 9 , married , 4 , William E LI LL E T S . I T A M . Brown , of helby , Iowa ight children , N 1 6 -1 6 —N N N 1 N N 1 8 8 . 866 BROW , 5 7 A E BLA CHE BROW , ,

1 8 . f married , 95, W H . Kilpatrick , of Council Blu fs , Iowa , E — N M A o ne 1 8 8 . N Y and has child , sther , 9 JEA ETTE — N I 868 . N N S BROW , WILLIAM GRA T BROW , of helby , 1 8 1 1 0 1 Iowa , 7 , married , 9 , Hattie Kearney , and has one — H 1 0 N 1 8 . child , Harold , 9 4 . C ARLES WESLEY BROW , 73 E N N S 1 8 ROBERT DMO D BROW , of helby , Iowa , 75, mar 8 8 1 1 1 r 0 . ried , 9 , Ida Maxwell , and has one child , Robe t , 9 -S A H N N 1 8 1 0 O AR ELLIE BROW , 77 , married , 9 3 , scar h a — O r e . Best , and has one child , Lela p LELA ADELLA N 1 88 1 1 0 E BROW , , married , 9 4 , llis W . Cass , of Peoria,

Ill .

N S N E 1 8 2 1 862 LUCI DA YD R , 4 , married , , Levi

N eb 1 . 8 . Creamer , of Crete , , who died , 77 Two children , ALB AT H ETTA 1 86 -1 866 CREAMER, 4 , and GEORGE CREAM ER f 1 8 2 1 8 o N eb . , Crete , , 7 , who married , 97 , Belle Pat E 1 E 8 8 . . W terson , and has three children , Myrtle , 9 , lder , 1 M 1 0 00 . . 9 , and Harley , 9 3

E -1 8 6 N 1 8 . O . S N J H L YD R , 45 4

E E N E eb 1 8 S S N . . W L Y YD R , of Crete , , 47 O N E 1 8 N . S N . . J ATHA K YD R , of Moline , Ill , 49 E 1 1 NN S N . 8 HUGH LI YD R , of Cameron , Mo , 5 , 1 8 married Myra Dennison , 75. Four children , MABEL HN LIN N— AN Y 1 1 1 JO J E SC O C .

S N 1 8 8 1 0 0 St YDER, 7 , married , 9 , Herbert M . Fuller , of .

. 1 0 1 E Joseph , Mo , and has two children ( twins ) , 9 , dith O — N May and Gladys pal , MARCUS ARTHUR S YDER, of 1 880 1 0 Cameron , Mo . , , married , 9 4 , Myrtle Jordan . N N 1 8 2 — E N S N S 8 . Y CLIFTO CHARLES YDER , BERTHA LLE

1 88 . DER , 4

D E SC E N D AN TS O F HU GH L I NN AN D M AR A L R Y S Y O .

N . N N 1 8 O S 8 . J H LI , 3 , deceased

E N 1 8 -1 1 CHARL S LI N 3 9 89 .

E Z E NN 1 0 -1 8 8 . LI AB TH LI , 4 94

N N N 1 8 2 1 86 LUCI DA LI , 4 , married , 5, to Bartley

Miller , of Purcell , Bedford County , Pa .

E NN 1 8 . RIL Y LI , 44 , of Robinsonville , Pa

S E N N 1 8 . AMU L LI , 45, deceased 8 N N S an . 1 . WILLIAM LI , of Francisco , Cal , 47 E O 1 8 8 ALFR D LIN N of Vienna X Roads hio 4 , mar

N . . ried 1 882 Rhoda Allender . ine children THOMAS J — E . N N 1 882 1 0 . LI , married 9 5 dith Allender GROVER C - — N N 1 88 1 0 N N 1 8 1 . LI 84 884 . MARY P LI 5, married 9 5 — - — N N 1 88 1 8 . N N Leroy Asper . BESSIE LI 7 97 KATIE LI - — - — 1 8 1 8 8 N N 1 8 2 1 8 . N N N 89 9 . JAMES LI 9 97 WILSO LI - — — N N N R 1 8 8 . 1 8 6 1 8 D N . 9 97 . ALFRE LI J 9 CHARLOTTE LI 1 2 90 . - E E N N 1 8 0 1 8 . CATH RI N LI , 5 94

Pa. 1 8 2 MAS O N LI N N , of Robinsonville , , 5 , married ,

C . 1 8 S . 99 , Lida Tyson , and has two children , Mason ,

E 1 0 2 . 1 00 . 9 , and Cora , 9 THE C LAN LINN 1 12 .

E NN 1 8 -1 2 8 . CAMBRIDG LI , 53 9 N N 1 8 -1 8 0 MARY LI . 55 9 , married James Kinsey . E E N N 1 -1 N 8 8 8 . AL XA D R LI , 5 97

D E S C E N D AN T S O F JANE L I N N AN D O HN PATTE R N W N E J S O ID Y .

S E N N N E In S t . AMU L LI WID Y , of Joe Station ,

1 8 1 860 . diana , 3 9 , married , , Mary A . More Five children , N N 1 86 1 -1 86 1 — 0 N E N MARIA WID EY, . BYR . WID EY, of S 1 862 1 hl . 88 S et e r St Joe tation , , married , 4 , Rosetta , and E 1 — 1 LA D N 1 66 88 . 0 8 V . has one child , dith , 5 J WI EY, , 1 8 t n . . S S married , 95, D L Carpenter , of . Joe tatio , and 1 8 6 1 8 8 has three children , Darrel , 9 , Carroll , 9 , Paul , — 1 0 1 . O N N N O 1 8 2 9 TTO LI WID EY, of Hicksville , hio , 7 , 1 8 -IV A D N 1 8 6 married , 99 , Bernice Vandegrift . WI EY, 7 ,

1 8 r S . St . . married , 99 , Clarence Ha t , of Joe O E N N E N S t . S LIV R HA A WID Y , of Joe tation , 1 8 1 1 E 86 . . Indiana , 4 , married , 4 , mily F Maxwell Two N N 1 66 . St . 8 children , H MERVI WID EY, of Joe , , married , 1 886 1 888 , and has two children , B . Von Dale , , and Doris , 1 0 — N N 88 1 1 . 1 8 9 3 LE ORE WID EY , , married , 99 , Charles

. St . F Kagey , of Joe , and has two children , Florence , 1 0 1 0 9 3 , and G . Carlton , 9 5. M ELLI SSA JO A N NA PATTERSO N WIDN EY 1 8 -1 88 N 44 5, married David C . Bodine , of eodesha , Kan N sas . Two children , CARRIE BODI E , married Delbert Hull ,

S . of Colorado prings , Col , and has two children , How — e ro ldine R N . ard and G . G ACE BODI E E E E E 1 -1 86 S SO N N 8 . CHARL J FF R WID Y , 49 9 N E N E N E 1 1 -1 8 1 8 . A G LI WID Y , 5 5

1 THE LA I N 1 4 C N L N .

N N 1 86 1 1 88 LAURA B . LI , , married , 5, George A .

Pa. Potts , of Rockhill , , and has six children , HOWARD N 1 88 — E 1 88 MELVI E POTTS, 5, GRACE LIZABETH POTTS, 7 , — H X N 1 8 0 — C ALMERS ALE A DER POTTS, 9 , ROBERT BRUCE 1 8 2 — N N N N 1 8 — POTTS, 9 , BE JAMI FRA KLI POTTS, 95, and E H N H 1 8 . T EL BLA C E POTTS, 97 E N N Pa 1 6 S . S . 8 AMU L R LI , of hade Gap , , 5, mar

R k e r ADA 1 88 e nec N . ried , 5, Lucinda . ine children , R N N 886 — E H N N 1 — N N 1 88 . LI , , T EL M . LI , 7 , MYRTLE J LI , 1 88 -1 8 — E N N 1 0 -1 8 1 — 8 . 9 94 , CARRIE . LI , 9 9 , GEORGE G — H — N N 1 8 2 N N 1 8 . N N LI , 9 , C ARLES W . LI , 94 , ROSA C LI , 1 8 8 — N N 1 0 2 — N N 9 , HERBERT C . LI , 9 , and GRACE L . LI , 1 0 9 4 . S EN EE 1 6 -1 N N 8 8 . I AAC MCK DR LI , 7 73

D E SC E N D AN T S O F JAM E S L IN N D HA A R B E R AN N N H O TS .

1 8 2 -1 6 S . N N 8 . I AAC A LI , 4 3

O E N N S 1 8 . LIV R LI , of outh Bend , Washington , 43 N N N 1 8 -1 8 2 1 866 MALI DA LI , 45 9 , married , , Thomas N DEW 86 1 88 N . 1 Dew . Ten children , A CY J , 7 , married , 7 , t Frederick C . Dwyer , of Centralia , Washing on , and has 1 888 1 88 1 8 1 ﬁve children , Minerva , , Mary , 9 , Malinda , 9 , — DEW 1 86 1 8 1 8 . S . Lydia , 93 , and Jessie , 95 ARAH M , 9 ,

1 88 N . married , 9 , John Weight , of ishnabotna , Mo , and E E 1 8 0 1 8 2 has eight children , dward . , 9 , Winﬁeld , 9 , 1 8 8 W 1 8 1 8 6 M . Henry . , 94 , John F 9 , Mollie , 9 , Arthur — W 1 0 1 1 0 . . , 9 , Annie and William (twins ) , 9 4 WILLIAM — DEW DE W 1 8 I . 1 J . , of Arctic , Washington , 7 LYD A , HN Ll NN— ANE C Y C 1 1 JO J S O . 5

1 8 2 1 0 1 t an 7 , married , 9 , Ar hur Gowling , of S Pedro , — DE W 8 -1 — . 1 8 E DEW 1 . 8 6 Cal GEORGE , 74 75 MARY . , 7 1 8 — H DE W . 1 8 8 93 T OMAS , of Arctic , Washington , 7 , mar E - DE 1 - — . W 80 1 8 8 . C . ried lsie Lyken HIRAM , 93 LLEW N DEW 1 88 -1 88 — H N DEW 1 8 1 ELLY , 4 5, JO C . , 9 .

N N 1 8 1 . 868 E MARY J LI , 47 , married , , . Davis , who 6 - — 1 8 . 1 8 1 8 . N 1 died 9 Children , BERTHA DAVIS, 74 74 ELL E 8 -1 — DON 1 1 8 . 8 . . 8 DAVIS, 79 79 A DAVIS, 5 Married again , 1 0 0 9 , Jacob Knapp , of Linden , Iowa .

N N 1 8 8 1 8 2 TABITHA R . LI , 4 , married , 7 , Frederick H S . . N N . Gotter , of cranton , Iowa Ten children HA A A 1 1 M ullo u h 8 8 . c C GOTTER, 73 , married , 94 , Henry A g , of N 1 8 Wilton , . Dak . , and has three children , Pearl , 97, 1 0 1 1 0 — F S Russie , 9 , Mabel , 9 4 . . JAMES GOTTER , of cran 1 8 1 0 0 ton , Iowa , 75, married , 9 , Clara Cameron , and has E 1 0 — H 1 0 1 . two children , Florence , 9 , stella , 9 4 MART A 8-1 — H N 1 8 8 . M . GOTTER, 7 95, JO W GOTTER, of Roseburg , O 1 8 0 — N N 8 . regon , , BE JAMI J GOTTER, of Roseburg , — — O 1 882 1 88 S . regon , , CALEB H . GOTTER , 4 , AMUEL A — — 8 1 88 . 1 8 . GOTTER, 5, BERTHA J GOTTER, 7, MARY L — 1 8 0 E 1 8 . GOTTER , 9 , LSIE V . GOTTER, 93

E E 1 E NO N N 1 8 0 8 . L A R LI , 5 , married , 74 , rnest H S M I N N . P . A . Farr , of Bartlett , ebraska even children , N I E E N N 1 8 8 1 8 LLA A TOI ETTE FARR, 7 , married , 94 , James S E N Kitchen anford , of ricson , ebraska , and has six E 1 8 E 1 8 children , Albert dward , 95, rnest Augusta , 97 , r 1 8 8 1 0 0 Walte William , 9 , Grace Leona , 9 , Hannah Ame — 1 0 2 1 0 . N lia , 9 , and Otto Louis , 9 4 FLORE CE GERTRUDE 1 88 1 1 0 1 E S FARR, , married , 9 , rnest anford , Jr of Bart HE LA LINN 1 1 6 T C N .

E 1 N 0 . lett , ebraska , and has one child , lsie Marjorie , 9 3 H 1 88 — 1 88 —WAR LOUIS P ILIP FARR, 3 , AMELIA FARR, 5, N ER 1 88 —LI ZETTA R 1 888 —ERN WILLIAM FARR , 7 , FA R, ,

1 8 2 . EST ALBERT VICTOR FARR, 9

E S E NN S SYLV T R LI , of outh Bend , Washington , 1 857 .

E 1 -1 NN 8 8 . S . AMU L R LI , 53 57

EN NN 1 8 ALL LI , of Cosmopolis , Washington , 55, H 1 882 . married , , Alice Peterson Three children , LEIG N N — N N 1 8 0 — N N N LI , deceased , VERA LI , 9 , and VIVIA LI , 1 8 94 .

E N N S 1 8 JAM S A . LI , of outh Bend , Washington , 57 ,

ix E N N 1 8 . S . married , 94 , Leah Hawk children , MARY LI , 1 8 — N N 1 8 6 — E N N 1 8 8 95, GEORGE A . LI , 9 , LLA A . LI , 9 , N N 1 00 — N N 1 0 2 — S Y L O . . JAMES LI , 9 , LULU L LI , 9 , N N 1 0 VESTER W . LI , 9 4 .

S S . NN ARAH P LI , of outh Bend , Washington , 1 6 1 8 .

EO E NN 1 86 G RG W . LI , of Glenwood , Iowa , 3 , 1 888 H R married , , Mattie Gardiner , two children , C A LES - 6 — N N N N 1 2 N N 1 88 1 8 8 . W . LI , 9 9 , MI IE LI , 9

E N 1 6 N S t 8 . ALB RT W . LI , outh Bend , Washing on , 5

S NN 1 86 CYRU R . LI , of Arctic , Washington , 7, mar

8 6 M he s n 1 8 6 1 c C e . ried , 9 , Mary y , who died 9 Married 1 8 again , 99 , Frances Musselman , and has three children , H N N 1 0 0 — H N N 1 0 2 — C ARLES LI , 9 , HUG LI , 9 , and a

1 0 . daughter , 9 4

SE C TI O N IV . l arnilg of william iﬁinn anh

- 1 8 0 N 1 1 1 . 8 8 0 . . HUGH WILLIAM LIN . . 9 0 married 4 Mary Chadwick 1 8 1 8

Philadelphia , Pa .

E 1 2 —1 1 8 MARGAR T LI N N 8 0 847 . . married 47 1 82 James W . Linn . 5 M e O . Pierc City , THE C LAN LINN 1 20 .

D E SC E N DAN T S O F HU GH WI LL IAM L IN N AN D M R C H W K A Y AD I C .

N N 1 8 2 . C . WILLIAM LI , of Washington , D , 4 , mar 1 86 S 1 8 8 ried , 4 , arah Bridge , who died 9 . Married again , 1 8 1 0 Mary Knox Vanarsdale , 99 , who died 9 5. Four chil S E N N 1 86 -1 8 6 S dren . AMUEL . LI , 5 9 , married ydney Ker

S E 1 88 r haw , and had two children , dna , 7 , and Be tha , 1 — E W H N N N N N 1 6 1 8 88 . S 8 8 9 LL OOD A O LI , , married , E — N N R 1 8 2 and has one child , stelle . WILLIAM LI , J . , 7 — H N - 1 0 . N 1 8 1 0 . 9 4 RALP LI , 77 9 4

E N Y 1 8 S . N N . AMU L W LI , of Rochester , . , 43 , mar 1 88 E ried , 5, dith Lenore Willis , and has two children , N F 1 8 1 88 N . 8 . WILLIS, 7 , and BE JAMI , 9

AN N N N 1 8 1 86 MARY LI , 47, married , 7 , William T . H Adams , of Philadelphia . Two children , HUG WILLIAM N N 1 6 -1 8 2 — E 1 8 1 8 . LI ADAMS, 9 9 , and LIZA H ADAMS , 7 , 1 0 1 who married , 9 , William H . Ward , and has one child ,

1 0 . William G . Ward , 9 3

O S N N N 1 8 . TH MA LI , of ice , France , 45

E E 1 8 2 -1 8 N N N . J N I LI , 5 74

ff N Y 1 8 0 N N . . HUGH J . LI , of Bu alo , , 5 , who mar E h au h ne W 1 8 2 . S ried , 7 , Mary g y , and has one child , LE IS f Y 1 8 N N N . . 8 FIELDS LI , of Bu falo , , 3 , who married , 1 0 9 5, Bertha Louisa Knight . - EN N N 1 8 1 8 . B JAMIN LI , 54 93 - 6 E NN 1 8 1 8 . MATTH W LI , 57 3

2 2 THE CLAN LINN 1 .

D E S C E N D AN TS O F AB RAHAM L O U GHR ID GE AN D M AR GARE T L IN N .

S e e un e fam o f H h L nn 2 d and Ann W n e ( d r ily ug i id y, p .

D E S C E N D AN T S O F WI L L IAM L O U GHR ID GE AN D RA HE L E AV E Y C .

O E E O E 1 8 -1 8 JAC B AV Y L UGHRIDG , 3 7 95, mar 1 8 1 ried , 7 , Mary Rogers Barker , of Baltimore , Md . , now

S ix E W of Philadelphia , Pa . children , LIZABETH HO ARD 1 8 2 1 8 8 LOUGHRIDGE, 7 , married , 9 , James Alexander

S Pa. mith , now of Chambersburg , , and has one child , — H 2 nd 1 8 . James Alexander , 99 WILLIAM LOUG RIDGE, 1 8 a — E H 2 md 75, Philadelphi JACOB AVEY LOUG RIDGE , -1 — 1 880 — 1 8 8 . . 77 95 MARY ROGERS LOUGHRIDGE, CHARLES W 1 2 — R 88 . HO ARD LOUGHRIDGE, MARGA ET BARKER 1 886 LOUGHRIDGE, . S S N E O E 1 8 0 U A MARGAR T L UGHRIDG , 4 , mar 6-1 1 860 E 1 8 00 . ried , , dward Williams Barker , 3 9 Ad o Six C . . dress , Llanerch , Delaware , Pa children , MARY 1 1 — E N 1 862 1 8 86 . BARKER, LLE BARKER, , married , 95, 1 6 Thomas Childs Woodbury , Captain th Infantry , U . S . r S 1 0 d . . Army , now ( 9 5) Colonel 3 Infantry U S Army at Fort eward , Haines Mission , Alaska , and has — 1 8 6 . one child , Margaret Barker , 9 WILLIAM LOUGH D 6 — N N 1 66 1 8 . 8 RI GE BARKER, 4 MARGARET LI BARKER, I — 6 - 8 2 — N 8 1 . 1 8 1 . 7 RUTH BARKER, 7 7 JOH BARKER, of P 1 6 1 8 a. 8 S Ashbourne , , 9 , married , 93 , usan Armistead E V a. Randolph , of Alexandria , , and has one child , dward

2 nd 1 8 Williams Barker , , 95. — H D 1 2 MAR Y LINN GEORGE LO U G RI GE . 3

E EN O E 1 8 1 MARY LL L UGHRIDG , married , 7 , N S ix Alexander eill , of Hagerstown , Md . children , H N N 1 8 2 d — N EL JOSEP I E EILL, 7 , died in childhoo MARY SON N 1 8 1 8 EILL, 73 , married , 94, Charles Henry Folwell ,

N . . of Mt . Holly , J , and has two children , Charles Henry , n 1 E N 1 0 2 — X N N 2 d 8 . , 95, and linor eill , 9 ALE A DER EILL, —E N 1 1 N 8 8 . 2 nd 8 . , 75 LI OR EILL, 7 , died in childhood

N 1 880 . MARGARET BARKER EILL, , Hagerstown , Md

N 1 88 . HARRIET BURROWS EILL, 4 , died in childhood

E O E NE O E 1 8 6 RACH L J S PHI L UGHRIDG , 4 1 8 8 5 .

THE C LAN LIN N 1 26 .

D E SC E N D AN TS O F JAM E S WI D N E Y L IN N AN D M AR WI L Y D S .

E E NN 1 8 -1 862 N . JO H W SL Y LI , 3 7 NN 1 8 St HUGH WILLIAM LI , 3 9 , . Louis , Mo . N E N 1 2 -1 6 N N N 8 8 . A WID Y LI , 4 4 EO E N N 1 8 1 8 8 N i G RG WILDS LI , 44 , married 7 aom

Anderson Fisher , of Bryn Mawr , Pa . EZ M N E -1 c C U NN 1 8 8 86 . K IA LI , 4 4 r Permanent address of George Wilds Linn , Bryn Maw ,

Pa . ( Present address , Berwyn , Pa . )

D E SC E N D AN TS O F SARAH AN N L IN N

AN D SAM U E L HE N R Y .

EN 1 8 DR . WILLIAM H RY , of Harmon , Illinois , 3 9 ,

1 8 0 S . married , 7 , Annie Miller . Two children , DAISY 1 8 8-1 888 F 1 882 -1 0 BELLE, 7 , and WILLIAM . , 9 5. E E EN P 1 1 1 S 0 0 8 . H T R A . H RY , of , Illinois , 4 NN EN E 1 8 HUGH LI H RY , of dgerton , Kansas 45,

1 86 . married , 7, Martha Davis Four children , MARY N 1 8 E E 868 1 8 . HE RY, , married , 9 , Ira Campbell , of dger ton , Kansas , and has two children , Lola A . and Claude H . — N 1 8 1 1 8 . MARGARET HE RY, 7 , married , 95, Frank H

Stevenson , of Wellsville , Kansas , and has three children , 1 8 6 O 1 0 0 E Glyde Irene , 9 , tis Linn , 9 , and Walter ugene , — 1 0 . N 1 8 9 3 WALTER HE RY, 74 , of Wellsville , Kansas , 1 —ROY N N 8 k N 1 88 . married , 95, Belle Blac LI HE RY, 9 E EN P0 1 1 8 0 . MARGAR T H RY , of , Illinois , 47 N E EN 1 8 0 1 8 2 MARY JA H RY , 5 , married , 7 , Milton N E Woolhiser , of Mills , ebraska . ight children , ALBERT H U H LINN z d—ANN WIDN Y 12 G E . 7

H 1 8 1 0 S WOOL ISER, 73 , married , 9 4 , Jennie mothers . EV A M AY 1 8 1 8 WOOLHISER, 75, married , 93 , John Wyatt , N of Springview , ebraska , and has two children , Milton E 1 — 1 8 0 . Tarry , 94 , and lla May , 9 4 WALTER WOOLHISER, 1 8 8 — 1 880 1 0 7 GRACE WOOLHISER, , married , 9 3 , James o f N a — 1 882 O gden , Mills , ebrask DELLA WOOLHISER, , 1 0 Libo lt N married , 9 3 , Clyde , of Mills , ebraska , and has n —ROY E N H 1 88 one child , Bertie Brya DMO D WOOL ISER, 4 . — 1 88 — 1 8 8 . JOSEPH WOOLHISER, 7 . CLARA WOOLHISER, 9 E N P 1 1 8 O N 0 0 . J H H RY , of , Illinois , 54 E S E N PO10 1 8 8 JAM H RY , of , Illinois , 5 , married , n E N N 1 88 . S o 3 , Amanda Cox ( ) CHARLES LMER LI

HEN RY .

D E SC E N DAN TS O F M AR Y L I N N

‘ AN D SAM U EL B O O HE R .

- E O O E 1 8 1 88 . ARAB LLA B H R , 49 5 - EN N E O O E 1 8 1 88 . J I B H R, 55 9 -1 6 E 0 0 E 1 8 88 . MARGAR T B H R , 59 E E ALEXAN D R B0 0 H R .

D E SC E N DAN TS O F JAN E L I NN

AC KS O N TAY L O R . AN D A. J

O . JO HN TE MPLETO N TAYL R , of Chicago , Ill , 1 8 8 1 866 e — r 3 , married , , Margaret Klin Fou children ,

H 1 86 1 88 . MA ALA K . TAYLOR, 9 , married , 7 , Frank C 1 888 Stolp , Chicago , and had four children , Benjamin , — H 1 8 1 8 0 1 8 . N 93 , Roy , 9 , Ione and Irene (twins ) , 95 JO R 1 8 2 1 8 Effi T . TAYLOR , J . , 7 , married , 93 , e Brunson , and 1 2 8 THE LAN LINN C .

1 8 — , , 4 . C . L has one child Marian 9 HORA E K TAY OR, Chi 1 8 1 8 cago , 75, married , 97 , Ada Gardner , and has two 1 8 1 0 2 — N , , , , . L children Bernice 99 Verdel 9 HE RY TAY OR,

1 880 . Chicago ,

A 1 8 0 1 2 N N . 86 I TAYLOR , 4 , married , , Charles W . Pa —N Widney , of Concord , . ine children , WILBUR J. , 62 -1 88 — 1 D 1 6 — - 1 8 . 8 L . 1 866 1 8 3 , CARR E , 5, MOLLIE , 94 , N N L 1 868-1 8 — T I S O — N N 1 . N L . JE IE , 75, HOWARD . , 7 , A E , 1 8 2 -1 8 6 — H N — L . 1 8 1 8 W. 7 7 , JO , 75, CHARLES , 79 , 82 C . 1 8 . BRUCE ,

R E E O 1 8 1 860 MA GAR T . TAYL R , 43 , married , , - Pa. Six Robert Finley , of Concord , children , HARRY, 1 86 1 —S 1 86 -1 86 — R M AY 1 866 —E , AMUEL, 3 3 , G ACE , , LLA — D — K. l 8 o LE0 1 8 2 N B 1 C . . 8 8 . , 7 , , 7 , JA E , 7

O 1 8 1 86 ra MARY L . TAYL R , 45, married , 9 , John F S —S 1 8 0 zey , of helby , Iowa . even children , MARGARET, 7 — — — 1 8 0 1 8 1 1 8 S L . 1 8 7 , BERT, 7 , HARRY, 73 , ARAH , 75,

E Alt nbe rn - 1 O . 8 1 8 . e C married , 93 , Carl , LIVE , 77 , — E 1 882 E . 1 88 AUGUST . , , JULIA , 5. S E O E O AMU L W . TAYL R , of ugene City , regon

( the youngest veteran of the Civil War in that State) , 8 — HAR 1 8 8 1 . 4 , married , 73 , Florence Hall Five children , N N 1 8 1 0 RIET LI , 74 , married , 9 3 , Ralph G . Starr ,

N H N 1 8 8 1 0 . BLA C E MARIA , 7 , married , 9 3 , Samuel T - 1 880 — N Thurston , GEORGE MEAD, , CHARLES JACKSO , 1 -1 — H N 1 -1 8 88 88 888 8 . 3 7 , PHIL S ERIDA , 9

E Z E 1 8 1 1 8 LI AB TH M . TAYLOR , 5 , married , 79 , — Leonard Cogswell , of Boone , Iowa . Two children ,

N 1 880 1 0 . HERBERT LEO ARD , , who married , 9 4 , Ida M E 1 88 Heyer , and MARCIA LIZABETH , 9 .

1 0 THE C LAN LINN 3 .

lette , of Lake City , Iowa , and has three children , George

E 1 8 . 1 0 1 1 0 . arl , 99 , Verne J , 9 , and Marsh Linn , 9 3 H 1 8 — 1 882 LULU WOOL ISER, 79 , ALICE WOOLHISER, , H N N N 1 88 JO LI WOOLHISER, 9 . R O E T AB AHAM L UGHRIDG , of Alderson , I . . ,

1 8 0 1 8 2 M ar ett S — Six 5 , married , 7 , y turdevant . children , ADA H 1 8 —E N H D 1 8 LOUG RIDGE, 73 , D A LOUG RI GE, 75, RLI N N his im ill 1 O C v e . 8 LOUGHRIDGE, of , Ark , 77, mar 1 8 8 1 0 2 ried , 9 , Rosa Young , and has one child , Mamie , 9 . — H D 1 8 1 0 1 r JESSIE LOUG RI GE, 79 , married , 9 , Robe t Wil

S O . 1 0 2 . liams , of hawnee , kla , and has one child , Velma , 9 — H 1 88 1 0 2 ALICE LOUG RIDGE, 3 , married , 9 , Robert Pat T 1 . . 0 terson , of Alderson , I , and has one child , Roy , 9 4 . N N H 1 88 A IE LOUG RIDGE, 7 .

E N T F D R L E R E RW N D E S C DAN S O . A E XAN D I N A D L E R L I N N M ATI DA S HAV .

E EN N N 1 8 1 8 6 CLARA LL LI , 54 , married , 7 , Wil Pa —E liam B . Dysart , of Bellwood , . ight children , N N -1 — A 1 8 1 8 . 8 8 . CHARLES LI , 7 79 WILLIAM , 79 , married , 1 0 — 1 88 1 1 0 9 4 , to Fay Carse . BESSIE CLYDE, , married , 9 3 , Pa Witmer Breneman , of Bellwood , . , and has one child , t — S N 1 88 1 0 Hugh Herber USA MATILDA, 3 , married , 9 5, — N E N 1 8 -1 8 8 —R U S 8 . to Harry L . Hagerty . JOH DWI , 5 9 D N 1 88 —ROY 1 8 1 -1 8 —RALP11 SELL BAL WI , 7 , BAKER, 9 94 , M o RRo w 1 8 6 , 9 . O N E N E SO N N N 1 8 -1 8 6 J H AL XA D R WAT LI , 55 9 , 1 886 married , , Katherine Alice Dobbins , of Long Beach , H N 1 888 California , and had ﬁve children , HUG DOBBI S, , — N M AY 1 88 — N 1 8 0 -1 8 0 HELE , 9 , WILLIAM MASO , 9 9 , 1 8 2 -1 2 —E 1 N 1 8 8 . HORACE, 9 9 , D TH HORTE SE , 94 H U GH LINN z d—ANN WIDN Y 1 1 E . 3

O NN El WILLIAM H WARD LI , of Dorado , Kansas , 1 88 — 1 8 6 . 5 , married , 5, Alice Minor Ten children , GEORGE 1 886 — N I 1 88 — E N HOWARD, , CLARE CE . , 7, RWI SYLVES 1 88 — N 1 8 0 - N TER , 9 , PAUL RAYMO D, 9 , JESSIE CLAYTO , 1 8 2 — H 1 8 —E H 1 8 6 —E N 9 , RUT , 94 , ST ER MATILDA, 9 , LLE N 1 8 8 - 1 8 — N X N AOMI , 9 , GRACE BELL , 99 , JOH ALE A DER, 1 0 9 3 . EO E E N N N G RG DWI LI , of Denver , Colorado , 1 8 8 1 88 t — S 5 , married , 3 , Louisa Cat even children , CORA N 1 88 — R0 TA 1 88 — M AY 1 888 JU E , 4 , LETA, 7 , VERA , , 1 88 — H N N 1 8 — HAROLD CATT, 9 , RU E VALE TI E , 94 , Low — E 1 N N 1 0 1 E N 0 . ELL LIVI GSTO , 9 , LLICE DWI A, 9 3 SO N S E NN N M ORRI HAV R LI , of Carroll , ebraska ,

1 860 1 8 0 1 8 8 . , married , 9 , Melissa Way , who died , 9 E N N 1 8 2 -1 8 2 — Children , DWI CLAYTO , 9 9 , CLARA LOUISE, 1 8 — 1 8 — E N 1 8 6 — 1 8 8 93 , MABEL, 95, U ICE, 9 , twins , 9 — — 1 8 8 . 1 0 1 . , 9 Married again , 9 , Annie M Woolhiser Two — M 1 0 N 1 0 . children , HO ER, 9 3 , MORRISO WESLEY, 9 4 2 S N E N N 1 86 1 8 . . JU I M . LI , 3 , married , 9 , G W mith ,

E o — of dgewater , Colorad Three children , MILDRED - — N N 1 8 N 1 8 8 M AE 1 0 . LI , 94 , IRE E MATILDA, 9 , LOIS , 9 4

D E S C E N D AN T S O F ARAB E L L A M A'C L AY

' B L O O M . L I N N AN D WI L L IAM M . S O O . AN N A M . BL M , married Dr hout , of Las

N e w . Vegas , Mexico

E . CHARL S BLO O M , of Las Vegas N O AMA DA BLO M , married Winters , of

Las Vegas , and has two children . E ES EN Four children , LLA , JAM , WARR and

WILLIAM BLO O M , are deceased . 1 2 THE C LAN LINN 3 .

D E SC E N DAN TS O F E L E AN O R P O M E R O Y L N N AN D W LL AM T PE R I I I Y .

N N E E E 1 8 1 8 1 A A R B CCA TYP R , 53 , married , 7 , S a — ER Aaron anford , of Rolfe , Iow Ten children , G 1 8 1 0 0 S TRUDE, 73 , who married , 9 , George andy , and has ff 1 00 —E 1 8 -1 8 one child , Cli ord , 9 , LIZABETH , 74 75, N 1 8 8 — N N 1 1 8 -1 8 - N HOMER ALLE , 7 , MI E , 79 79 , VER IE, 1 880 -1 882 — N E N 1 882 , A DREW AR EST, , who married , 1 0 1 E 1 0 2 9 , Belle Peterson , and had one child , lizabeth , 9 T O 2 — 1 88 -1 88 — H 1 88 — 1 8 2 9 , ROSA, 5 5, ART UR, 9 , HAZEL, 9 , —LEY DY 1 8 . , 95

E El 1 O N . 8 J H L TYP R , of Paso , Texas , 55, married n — Mary Robinso Five children , WILLIAM , BESSIE, H E ARC IE, HARRY, LMIRA .

N E 1 8 8-1 8 8 . LUCI DA TYP R , 5 5

E S O N E 1 8 -1 882 PR T TYP R , 59 . N E E E A DR W CAMPB LL TYP R , of Hampton , 1 888 N S Iowa , who married , , ellie Isadore tonebraker . H E N 1 8 0 — OE N Three children , LELA LEA OR, 9 , J HARRISO , — E 1 8 1 1 0 1 . 9 , THEL MARSH , 9

N E da 1 6 O N . N e c e 8 LI C L H TYP R , of , Wisconsin , 4 , married Matilda Mallon .

E P0 10 1 86 . HARRY TYP R , of , Illinois , 7

E P0 10 1 8 0 WILLIAM H . TYP R , of , Illinois , 7 , mar 1 8 6 N N E ried , 9 , and has three children , GLE DOUARD, — — 1 8 1 8 N 1 0 . 97 , RUTH CLAIRE, 99 , DO ALD MARSH , 9 4

E E 1 8 -1 8 0 LLA TYP R , 73 9 . HA RD E C N C EFO 1 8 . TYP R , 77 , Leader , Wyoming

1 THE LAN LI 3 4 C NN .

E SC E N AN T S O F C AS PAR B D D . L IN N AN D E L ZAB ET H L A THE R I U .

N E N N 1 8 0 -1 88 JA LI , 5 7 , married Alexander Miller . E N 1 2 -1 8 1 N 8 88 . S . JAM L LI , 5 93 , married , 4 Leah — E 1 . . 88 Catherine Byerly Four children , ALICE , 4, mar 1 0 N — 1 8 S eb . 8 ried , 9 4 , Harry I . ell , of Table , , ARLO, 5, 1 88 — 1 8 88 N . GEORGE, 7 , FREDERICK , , all of Table , ebraska E E NN 1 8 1 880 L TTI LI , 55, married , , William Hollar ,

a — Six 1 880 of Winchester , Virgini children , MAUD, , 1 88 — N 1 886 — O 1 1 88 — N DAISY, 3 , ALLY , , TT E , 9 , BLA CHE, 1 8 2 — N 1 8 . 9 , VIRGI IA , 97 N NN E N N 1 8 8 1 8 8 A I LI , 5 , married , 7 , Benjamin B rin o lf n — E g , of Tacoma , Washingto Four children , LLA, 1 8 — 1 88 1 — 1 88 — 1 8 0 79 , HARRY, , GEORGE, 3 , WALTER, 9 . S N N 1 6 1 CA PAR LI , 8 .

AN T F AM E L I NN D ES C E N D S O J S W. ARA L AT AN D S H C HI C O .

E N N 1 8 1 88 . . MARGAR T A . LI , 57 , married , 5, G T S Hatton , of ydney , Iowa, and has one child , CHARLES EARL 1 M , 886 . 60 E NN 1 8 . CARRI LI , , Pierce City , Missouri E N 1 86 1 1 8 N N N . N A I J LI , , married , 79 , Joshua k a — N ebras . Robertson , of Diller , Four children , LELIA, — — E 1 — 1 888 1 880 1 88 88 . , CLAIRE, 3 , LVA , 5, WILLIAM , E 1 6 1 8 2 E N N 8 . . ADDI LI , 4 , married , 9 , J Coppock , of Pierce City , Missouri . E NN S O 1 86 JAM S R . LI , of alem , regon , 7 , married , 1 8 t — N 1 8 6 94 , Louella Wrigh Two children , FRA CIS, 9 , 1 8 8 . PAULA, 9 — JAME S LI N N N AN C Y B OOHE R . 1 3 5

D E SC E N D AN TS O F JAN E L I N N AN D RL E A C S W. E V N HA S .

EN E N S 1 8 1 8 L A VA , 57 , married , 75 , Lemuel Cut

S a — S ix h 1 8 6 shall , of helby , Iow c ildren , HARVEY, 7 , E 1 8 — S 1 880 — N E D 1 88 —IDA LSIE, 77 , LEWI , , ORA ITH , 4, — 1 N 1 8 . 886 O L . VERA, , WE , 94

EX IM E A E N S 1 1 88 E N 8 . . VA , 59 , married , 3 , C J ver — E t n O ne L 1 8 . ton , of mon , Washing o child , C ARE, 94

N F RE HU GH L N N D E S C E N DA TS O V . I A D R R E HT N C A I FE I G .

E 1 2 -1 882 N N N 86 . V . A I , - O E 1 86 1 88 . R B RTA , 5 3

- 82 E E K 1 86 1 8 . O N . FL R C , 7

E 1 -1 2 E E N 8 0 88 . FFI BLA CH , 7

M E L B L I N N D E SC E N D AN TS O F S A U .

E KE AG . AN D JAN G . Y

1 8 2 E N N 1 866 . r LU LLA V . LI , , married , 9 , Dr Albe t — S . S . tevens , of Hancock , Iowa Four children , RALPH — — — E H 1 E 1 8 LEE C . 1 00 L . 8 . , 93 , MARIE , 95, , 9 , ST ER, 1 0 2 9 . - E K N N 1 86 1 88 . MARI TTA . LI , 9 5

N E Z E N N S 1 8 1 . . LI AB TH LI , of helby , Iowa , 7 - E H N N 1 8 1 0 0 . SAMU L . LI , 75 9 THE LAN I N 1 3 6 C L N .

E E N AN T F A B B L I N N D SC D S O J C O .

AN D HE TE R HIL ' S C C O AT .

SE N 1 6 O . N 8 AMBR B LI , of Howell , Dakota , 5, mar

1 8 1 —O ne 1 2 . 8 ried , 9 , Alice Kilpatrick child , HESTER, 9 .

EN EE NN S 1 86 . MCK DR LI , of helby , Iowa , 7

O N O E N N S 1 86 M R LI , of helby , Iowa , 9 , married , 1 8 8 E s — 1 8 9 , mma Davi Two children , BESSIE , 99 ,

N N 1 0 0 . GLE , 9

NN 1 8 0 -1 0 1 N N . 8 0 O S A A L LI , 7 9 5, married , 9 , rin . — S . 1 8 2 Best , of helby , Iowa Three children , LAURA, 9 , H 1 8 -E 1 H 1 8 8 ART UR, 94 , D T , 9 .

E N N S 1 1 8 . WALT R LI , of Rapid City , outh Dakota , 7

N N N N S 1 8 M . C . FRA KLI LI , of helby , Iowa , 73 , — 1 8 8 . married , 9 , Lizzie Walker Three children , HARVEY, 1 8 — 1 0 1 — 1 0 2 99 , DWIGHT , 9 , GLADYS , 9 . 8 8 N N 1 . HUGH LI , 7

THE LAN LIN N 1 3 8 C .

D E SC E N D AN TS O F JAM E S C AM PB E LL AN D E L Z A G LL E L AN I I D . E E RO B RT CAMPB LL . E N MARTHA ( CAMPB LL) BA TA .

D E S C E N DAN T S O F AN N E LIZ A C AM PB E LL AN D O N J H HAYS .

N N E S 1 8 2 1 8 A A . HAY , 5 married , 74 , James Lauth a — S E ers , of Doylesburg , Penn . Four children , ADIE . A T H ER 1 E L U S 1 8 6 0 2 . . , 7 , married , 9 , William Rutter E AU T H ERS -1 1 — H N LAU T H ERS L 1 8 8 88 . . MARY . , 7 JO H , l n — 1 880 1 0 C u sto e . . , married , 9 4 , Myrtle g MARGARET L LAU T H ERS 1 88 , 5 .

D E S C E N DAN T S O F M AR THA C AM PB E L L

N D RL E M c L A GHL I N A C HA S U .

N 1 2 -1 N L 8 8 . O . J H MCLAUGHLI , 5 73 O E E S N R B RT CHARL MCLAUGHLI , of Mapleton ,

1 8 1 8 . Iowa , 54 , married , 93 , Clara Bittle

N E N 1 8 6-1 8 SARA JA MCLAUGHLI , 5 79 , married , — O ne 1 8 8 . s 7 , Charles C Boget , of Garden City , Kansa N 1 8 child , LOTTIE PRU E, 79 , married to Clinton Roberts , of Lindsey , Cal . , and has two children , Martha Margue

1 0 0 1 0 2 . rite , 9 , and Richard Theodore , 9 E RA E S N O PH IM ACK R MCLAUGHLI , of maha , N 1 8 1 886 E ebraska , 59 , married , , Clara scher , and has o ne 1 88 child , GRACE LOUISE, 7 . AN LINN—R B E RT C A PB LL 1 J E O M E . 3 9

N S HUGH WILLIAM MCLAUGHLI , of helby , 1 86 1 1 8 Iowa , , married , 97 , Myrta Buckley , and has one

1 0 . child , VETA, 9 4

6 -1 N 1 8 880 . MARTHA MATILDA MCLAUGHLI , 3 E S O E N LL W RTH CAMPB LL MCLAUGHLI , of E 1 88 S dmonton , Alberta , Canada , married , 9 , tella S H 1 8 0 pringer , and has ﬁve children , C ARLES, 9 , N H 1 8 2 — N N 1 8 8 — N 1 00 BLA C E, 9 , CO STA CE, 9 , IO E, 9 , H N 1 0 JO HAROLD, 9 5.

E N 1 8 0 LAURA BUCKL Y MCLAUGHLI , 7 , married ,

1 2 E N eb 8 O . 9 , Daniel Ralph nnis , of maha , , and has three 1 8 — H H N children , CAROL HOPE , 95, C ARLES MCLAUG LI , — E 1 8 N 0 . 1 97 , VELY CLAIRE, 9 3

D E S C E N DAN TS O F M AR Y JAN E C AM PB E LL

AN D I S AAC B RATT O N .

E Z RA O N 1 8 1 -1 8 1 868 LI A B TT , 5 99 , married , , David ’ Winegardner , of Dublin Mills , Penn a . - O N 1 8 1 8 . N N . HA AH J BRATT , 53 53 - E O N 1 8 1 8 . MARTHA . BRATT , 54 55

N O N 1 8 6 1 8 MARY JU IATA BRATT , 5 , married , 73 , ’ — S Huston , of Hustontown , Penn a . even chil — N 1 8 6 — 1 8 dren , MARY JA E, 7 , ISAAC ROBERTS, 77 , LILLY - — D 1 882 — H M AY 1 880 1 882 ELIZ BE H MA IL A, , T OMAS , A T T , — — 1 6 E 1 8 ADA R 1 0 0 . E MORY, 88 , ARL BASIL, 95, G ACE, 9 - E E O N 1 8 1 8 . MARGAR T . BRATT , 59 59 E O N RO B ERT CAMPB LL BRATT , of Dublin Mills, Pa 1 8 . , 60 . THE LA LI 140 C N NN .

S N E N 1 862 -1 880 I AAC HU T R BRATTO . .

N E O N 1 862 MATILDA WID Y BRATT , , married , ’ 1 88 1 , Hurley , of Lewistown , Penn a .

E E 1 m 1 N . O N 866 88 CATH RI R BRATT , , arried , 7, ’ n Wag er , of Hustontown , Penn a .

N N O N 1 868 1 . 886 HA AH J BRATT , , married , , ’ Gracey , of Gracey , Penn a .

R N 1 8 2 -1 8 . LILY MAY B ATTO , 7 74

D E S C E N DAN TS O F N AN C Y WID N E Y C AM P B E LL AN D W LL AM B KL E I I U C Y .

E S E E WILLIAM BR W T R BUCKL Y , of Mapleton , 1 86 1 1 E - 8 a . E . Iowa , 5, married , 9 , v A vans Two children , I -1 8 — N E 1 8 . 0 . CECIL MARIE, 93 94 , EILL , 9 5 E S E E E E CHARL V R TT BUCKL Y , of Anamosa , 1 2 1 E E M Do w ell 8 8 8 . c Iowa , 7 , married , 9 , lizabeth , and E 1 0 0 N has two children , JAMES VERETT, 9 , and HELE E 1 0 . LIZABETH , 9 3

Only descendant of John Campbell and Catherine ( Harris ) Cook is TH EO DO RE CUSHI N G CAMP ’ E f am o o O C . B LL , Mineral de p , Mexico

1 2 THE LA I N 4 C N L N .

D E SC E N D AN TS O F JO HN WAL L AC E N D E L ZAB E T H B E RRY A I .

E 1 8 1 86 MARY J . WALLAC , 49 , married , 7 , J . H . s — Six S Chase , of Talmadge , Kansa children , G . TACY S 1 8 2 E CHASE, of olomon , Kansas , married , 9 , Lillie . 1 8 E Miller , and has three children , Justus Harvey , 93 , thel R 1 — N 1 8 6 . 8 N 1 E H 1 G . . . 8 , 9 , and Leslie , 99 JE E C ASE, 73 , 1 N — E 8 . . s married , 93 , W D Whitney , of iles , Kansa LIZ R 1 8 6 1 8 6 ff A ETH CHASE, 7 , married , 9 , Thomas Ili , who 1 2 — E 1 8 2 — N 1 0 8 . died , 9 . ARTHUR . CHASE, , ETT E M H 1 8 1 — 1 8 2 C ASE, 9 , GILBERT J . CHASE, 9 . E 1 8 2 -1 8 HUGH WALLAC , 5 99 . O N E E J H DWARD WALLAC , of Abilene , Kansas , 1 8 1 88 1 E t — 59 , married , , Mary . Brit Five children , 88 2 —L E N 1 —E . 1 88 . J H . WALLACE, , . D A WALLACE, 4, 1 6 — N 1 8 2 88 . O GERTRUDE WALLACE, , J WE WALLACE, 9 , E 1 8 . V . LVA WALLACE, 95 E WILLIAM R . WALLAC , of Junction City , Kansas , 1 866 1 88 , married , 9 , Margaret Devon , and has two chil N 1 8 — dren , JOH P . WALLACE, 94 , MYRTLE WALLACE , 1 6 89 . E Z E E 1 868 1 88 LI AB TH B . WALLAC , , married , 7 , M c C lusk e s — O ne William y , of Junction City , Kansa E 1 8 1 child , MARY . , 9 .

D E S C E N DAN TS O F M AR Y AN N WAL L AC E AN D W L M E W N IL IA I G .

’ E N M c o n n lls bu r . . C e HUGH W WI G , of g , Penn a , E 1 1 8 1 8 2 t . S 0 . 49 , married 7 , Margare ta cott , who died , 9 4 — E N 1 8 1 8 6 Two children , REBECCA J . WI G, 73 , married , 9 , NAN C Y LINN—H U H WALLA 1 G C E . 43

Finniff N . E S . . icholas T , and has three children , Cloyd , E 1 1 8 6 . 8 8 M . 0 1 0 . 9 , Margaretta , 9 , and Charlotte , 9 E E N 1 8 MARY A . . WI G, 75. AN N E N 1 8 2 -1 8 WI G , 5 54 . E N ’ O N . . 1 8 J H G WI G , of Harrisonville , Penn a , 54, 1 0 2 E —O ne AR married , 9 , Mary llen Deshong . child ,

H D 1 0 2 . T UR MOSSER FLOY , 9

E T WAL L AC E D E S C E N DAN T S O F M AR GAR J . N E AN D W E V E N . G . . D Y E E EN N E N . H RY W D V Y , of Dwight , Kansas ,

1 60 1 88 . 8 , married , 3 , Viola Crist , and has six children E E NN E 1 862 1 88 N N . A CY J D V Y , , married , 3 , Jonah

O . . Tracy , of Cox , kla , and has two children Eb E EN N E 1 86 . MARIA D V Y , 4 , married John B

. butt , of Dwight , Kansas , and has three children

1 8 0 . E EN N E . . JO HN W . D V Y , of Ponca , Ind Ter , 7 8 2 E E E EN N E O . 1 O . G RG J D V Y , of Coger , kla , 7 ,

1 8 S . married , 97 , ophia Johnson , and has three children 1 8 E E E EN N E . . RO B RT . D V Y , of Ponca , Ind Ter , 75,

1 8 . married , 95, Mary Johnson , and has four children E E EN N E RO LAN D . D V Y , of Dwight , Kansas , 1 879 .

D E SC E N DAN TS O F HU GH WAL LAC E

AN D SARAH AN N STAKE .

E 1 8 1 8 6 HARRIET WALLAC , 74 married , 9 , William — N S a. O ne Shearer , of pring Run , Penn child , ELLIE

N 1 8 . LORE E , 99 ’

E . E MMA WALLAC , of Concord , Penn a

H U G H LI N N 2ud I n his Eightie t h Y ear ( 1864 ) A N N ( W I D N EY ) LI N N

I n he r Eigh t ie t h Y e ar ( 1864 )

C O NTENTS .

Hugh Linn 2 d and Ann ( Widney) Linn

J am es Widney L1nn and Mary ( Wild s ) Linn

S arah ( Linn ) Henry and S am u el Henry

ane L nn Ta o an d A a J ( i ) yl r . J c kso n Tayl o r

Jo hn Linn an d M argare t ( Hays ) Linn

M argaret ( Linn ) Lo ughridge

Dr A e x an e E w n L n a . l d r r i i n nd Matilda ( Shaver) Linn

El e ano r ( Linn ) Type r an d William Typ er

Jam e s Li nn an d N anc y ( B o o h er) Linn

L nn C aspar B . i

m L nn and a ah h c o a L nn Ja e s W . i S r ( C il t ) i

Re H h L nn v. ug i

m e B L nn an d ane Kea L nn S a u l . i J ( gy) i

c B L nn and He s e C h c o at L nn Ja o b . i t r ( il ) i

M ary ( Linn ) Lo ughridge an d Ge o rge Lo ughridge

William Lo ughridge

Charl e s Linn

S arah ( Linn ) Snyder

Jane ( Linn ) Widney and Jo hn Patt erso n Widney

Jam e s Linn and Hannah ( Ro be rt s ) Linn Hugh William Linn and M ary ( C hadw ic k) Linn

H nn Dr S amue . L . l i

Dr. Tho mas

H h Dr u . . g J

Jane ( Li nn ) C ampbell and Ro bert C ampbell

Nancy ( Linn ) Wallac e

Jo hn Wallace

Hugh Wall ac e and Sarah Ann ( Stake ) Wallace

Dr Geo e W s L nn . rg ild i

Rngh Rinn 2b anb Ann (Mihneg) Rinn

N N 2 d HUGH LI was born in the Province of Ulster , 1 0 1 8 d County Down , Ireland , May , 7 5, and died April 3 , 1 8 0 -ﬁve 7 , aged almost eighty years . When three years old he was brought by his parents , Hugh Linn and Sarah

( Widney) Linn , to America , with a brother , John , aged ten years , and sister , Mary , six years old . They settled near the site of the village of Concord , Franklin (then

Cumberland ) County , Pennsylvania , in what was then a wilderness . Reared as he was in the backwoods life assumed fo r im him a very practical aspect . The stern demands of

e rativ e r p e duty left no time for idleness . There were rands to run , chores to do and scores of miscellaneous duties unknown to the average boy of today . He lived in the midst of the forest , no church , no day school and S - no unday school to attend , no newspapers nor maga o sto fﬁc e zines coming by mail , for there was not a p with al in thirty miles , and periodical literature was then most unknown ; no books save those which grown people read , no pictures except those found in such books , and no toys except those his own hands could make , while he ’ had few associates outside his parents home .

n Thi k of this , ye boys and girls , scions of Hugh Linn 2 d to , who have elegantly furnished churches attend , Sun - day schools with every appliance for teaching, and graded day schools ten months in the year , with teachers spe 1 51 1 2 L I N 5 THE C AN L N . c ially qualiﬁed for their work ; ye who have daily papers and illustrated magazines containing literature for old and young , and news from every part of the world , whose homes are decorated with beautiful pictures , vastly better than the few crude woodcuts of pioneer ' days . What a contrast His parents gave him instruction as best they could with the limited means at their command , and when he was about eight years old a man was hired by them and the parents of a few other children to teach a private school , no such thing as a public school being then in existence . This was in a small log cabin , without plaster or ceiling . Two holes cut in the logs answered the pur

o f pose windows , and these were covered with oiled or greased paper , as glass could not be had . Holes were bored in the logs at one side of the room , into which pins or pegs about a foot and a half long were driven , and rough boards were laid on these on which to write and S 2 d cipher . uch was the only opportunity Hugh Linn had for securing an education .

Brought up in a religious home by pious parents , he was deeply convicted of sin when only nine years of age . He prayed much for an evidence of his acceptance as a child of God and one day went into the hay mow to e n in re gage secret prayer . Then it was that all doubt was moved from his mind and he entered into the life of an earnest Christian and consistently followed it until his -ﬁ death seventy ve years later . When a Methodist S ociety was established in the set tlem ent N 1 80 0 , ovember , , he was admitted as one of the e ffi ﬁrst memb rs , and was later an o cial member for more

1 THE LAN LIN N 54 C .

class of dwellings , as well as barns , were built of stone .

His industry , energy and ability soon made him a master of his trade , and early in life he began to take contracts for the erection of buildings , employing numbers of men , who soon learned to recognize in him a j ust and consci entions employer . His work included a district of coun in try many miles extent in Franklin , Cumberland , Perry ,

Juniata and Huntingdon counties , Pennsylvania , and necessitated his being absent from home much of the S time , but it was characteristic of him that unday nearly always found him at home with his family . In connec tion with his business he also carried on bv means of é employ s a carding and fulling mill , a grist mill and a farm . Years before the organization of temperance societies in the United States he advocated total abstinence . The moderate use of alcoholic liquor was common among re ligio u s people in the early part of the last century and some form of strong drink was found in nearly every sideboard , while it was a mark of hospitality among church members , as well as others , to invite a guest or visiting friend to take a social glass . He related to the writer when a boy his reason for being a total abstainer .

O ne 1 82 8 dark , cold , wet evening , about the year , he was at the village store , talking to Mr . Joseph Pomeroy , then the principal merchant of the community , and a model “ citizen . As he was leaving Mr . Pomeroy said , Mr . Linn , ’ it is a very chilly evening , won t you take something to d '” rink before going He accepted the invitation , and as h e went out of the store , immediately after , was met in the dark n ess by a dru nkard who had seen him through 1 B I O GRAPHI C AL SKETC HES . 55

the window , and who said to him , Well , Mr . Linn , I see you are fond of a little whiskey too . As he wended his “ way homeward he said to himself , Is it possible that such a man should be encouraged to drink by me ' This shall ” never happen again . From that time he forbade the use of any intoxicating beverage in his home . It was then the custom also to furnish employés with a certain amount of whiskey each day , and this custom he determined to abandon . Soon afterward he summoned ten or ﬁfteen men to help clean his mill race of mud and moss , a most disagreeable task which had to be done every year , and which necessitated their working in water all day . All were on hand on the morning of the day appointed , and after family worship ( which was never omitted , morning or evening) , and a hearty break fast by all , he told them of his resolution never again to use intoxicating liquor nor to furnish it to those in his employment . He then stated his reasons for such a radi cal departure from the custom of that day , and added that if they were aggrieved at his course he would not ask them to stay , and hoped he would not forfeit the good will of any one by his action . They recognized his good intention , however much they may have doubted his wis dom , and every one went to work . He adhered to this custom ever after and lived to see his example almost uni ve rs all y followed by employers . When eighty years of age his wife died ( she being then also in her eightieth year) and he went to spend his S last days with his daughter , Mrs . arah Ann Henry , near O Polo , gle county , Illinois , where he died . Death came to him peacefully , without pain and without any special 1 6 THE LA I 5 C N L NN .

illness , the tribute which old age must pay to nature . Recognizing that the end was near he said to the family o “ at n on , Go and take your dinner, then come and read a chapter and we will have prayer . I know my time has come to die . The family did as directed , and after prav er he closed his eyes and slept , without a struggle , the sleep that knows no waking in this life . He was buried in the cemetery at Mt . Morris , Ill . 2 nd Hugh Linn , , may be considered a type of the Linn family . In all families there are certain characteristics which , while not uniformly found in all its members , are

r . considered rep esentative He was tall , muscular and large framed , with proj ecting eyebrows , had light and deep set eyes and dark hair , was of a nervous tempera r Ob ment , quick in speech and action , cou teous but not s e u io u s q , positive but not arbitrary , bold but not pug nac io u s - re , self reliant but not obstinate , digniﬁed but not pellant , j ust but not austere , social but not convivial , re li gio u s but not bigoted . AN N N E N N 2 nd (WID Y) LI , wife of Hugh Linn , , and daughter of James Widney and Ann ( Erwin) Wid 2 2 d 1 8 o . ney , was b rn Dec , 7 5, near the site of the pres ent village of Concord , Pa . She was converted at the age 2 nd O of twelve years , married to Hugh Linn , , ctober 2 th 1 80 8 ﬁft - 7 , , and for y seven years , until death came , was a devoted helpmate in all the activities of life . S mall of stature , cheerful in disposition , wonderfully patient and industrious , deeply religious and wise in council , she was a wife and mother worthy of the biblical “ description , Her children arise and call her blessed , her ” husband also , and he praiseth her . She was always

1 THE LAN LINN 58 C .

James 111111111 1; Rinn

1111 M arti (Millie) Rinn

ES NE NN JAM WID Y LI , oldest son of Hugh Linn , 1 1 6 2 nd 80 8 . , was born in 9 , and died in 4 He received the schooling usual in that early day and place , and in his teens accompanied his father in his business O f stone mason , thus acquiring a good , practical knowledge of that ’ trade , and later entered his father s mill , where he learned the trade of a miller .

He was deep and broad chested , a man of great endur f r ance and e ﬁcient in every line of work he unde took , social in disposition , hospitable in entertaining , generous in his benefactions and popular with all classes of the community . His home , like that of his father , was ever “ “ an asylum for the preacher , especially the junior ” preacher of the circuit , and when that personage arrived from the seat of the Conference annually ( for then the j unior preacher was changed every year ) his ﬁrst inquiry on reaching Concord was for the house of James Linn . He was a most consistent member of the Methodist ffi Church and an o cial member nearly all his mature life . Like his father he was a man of devout mind and much given to secret prayer , no day of his life passing without private devotion at some time during the working hours , while family worship morning and evening was the in ’ variable rule . In early life he bought his father s mill , and , with the aid of an assistant to whom much of the

routine work was given , followed that business the rest B I G A HI CAL TC H 1 O R P SKE ES . 59

of his life . Being a superior workman , trustworthy and honest in all his dealings with men , his mill was the seat of a custom which extended for miles , men often passing other mills to go to Concord . For this reason much night work was necessary , and for weeks sometimes the mill was kept going without intermission from one o ’clock ’ on Monday morning until eleven o clock Saturday night . S o honest was he in the sale of grain that he was never known to “ stroke ” a bushel except when he sold it as an agent for some one else . James Widney Linn was an active member of the community , being interested in all matters of public wel fare and was employed from time to time by citizens in

i settl ng family estates . Intellectually and morally well balanced , the writer never knew him to lose his temper , to use harsh language nor to speak evil of any one . He spared no effort in the training and education of his chil dren . He was an opponent of slavery , an advocate of lay representation in the Methodist Church long before its in introduction , and a total abstainer from tobacco and

x ic a in to t . g beverages Fond of reading , he was a regu lar subscriber to the church and secular periodicals , and the possessor of a good collection of books for that day . He was a leading spirit in financing and erecting the 1 —6 present Methodist church in Concord in 845 . The original edifice , which stood in the village graveyard , and the pulpit of which was over the site of the graves of Robert Maclay and his wife (leading members of that church for more than fifty years ) , was a log structure erected early in the century , and proved too small for the growing society . He being a practical mason , as well as THE LAN LI N 1 60 C N .

miller , superintended the work of building and personally assisted in laying the foundation and erecting the walls .

The bricks were made in his meadow, bordering on the

Tuscarora Creek , where even today may be seen evi deuces of the old clay pits from which the material was taken to make them . He boarded the masons and brick layers , and in many ways did as much as anyone else in carrying to a successful completion the new church ediﬁce .

1 8 6 In 3 he married Miss Mary Wilds , of Fort Little a ton , Fulton County , Pennsylvania . She was great granddaughter of Colonel James Burd , who commanded the Fourth Battalion of Pennsylvania Riﬂe m e n in the ’ Revolutionary War . Colonel Burd s daughter , Ann 1 62 Burd , born 7 , was married to Benj amin Wilds , by whom she had four children , Benj amin , William , John re s ec and George , the dates of their births and deaths p - - - - tivel 1 80 1 8 1 8 1 1 82 1 8 1 8 0 1 8 1 82 . y being 7 3 4 , 7 7 , 7 3 3 , 7 5 7

Ann (Burd ) Wilds being left a widow , married James

1 80 . Widney , the founder of Concord , in 9 His daughter , 1 8 2 d Ann Widney , born in 7 5, married Hugh Linn in ’ 1 80 8 , and was the writer s grandmother in the Linn fam - ily . Thus it is seen that his great grandmother , Ann - ( Burd ) Wilds , married as a widow his great grand father , James Widney , a widower . MARY ( WILDS ) LI N N was a woman of delicate physique and nervous temperament , energetic beyond her strength , ambitious for the training and success of her children , and a member of the Methodist Church on account of her husband , though her antecedents were

1 62 THE C LAN LINN .

Sarah Ann (Rinn) Renrg

Samuel Renrg S AN N N N ARAH LI , eldest daughter of Hugh Linn 2 d and Ann (Widney ) Linn , was born and brought up

Sh e m . S a near Concord , Pennsylvania was married to 1 1 8 8 uel Henry , August 4th , 3 , and ﬁve years later , in 1 8 43 , moved with her husband to the then almost track

o f less prairies northern Illinois . The prairie wolf and

re the Indian were her early neighbors , and she there e ated p the experiences of her grandfather , Hugh Linn , ff modiﬁed though they were by a di erent environment .

The rugged mountains gave place to the rolling prairie , the dense underg rowth O f the valley to the wild ﬂowers which dotted the landscape , and the patches of mountain enclosed sky to a horizon , which knew no limit but the capacity of the human eye .

Sh e was a woman of gentle spirit , of retiring disposi tion , and of unusual mental grasp . Limited as were her Sh e early opportunities for securing an education , showed by her correspondence and conversation her superiority of mind . After fourscore years her letters were models of neatness , penmanship and ﬂuent composition , and a pleasure to peruse .

Her home life was quiet and peaceful . Patiently she assumed the duties which devolved upon her as a wife ﬁft - and mother , and for y three years resided in the same locality until her lifework was done . Her children were taught at her knee the precepts of religion , and her life B I APHI AL T H 1 6 O GR C SKE C ES . 3

was a daily reminder of the teachings of the Master . h h 1 8 6 S e t . died March 9 , 9 S E EN uno b AMU L H RY , her husband , was a quiet , t ru sive man , who , like his wife , loved the privacy of

res o n home and family life . Faithful to the duties and p s ibilitie s devolving upon the pioneer , he was ever atten tive to the needs and wishes of home and children , and lived to see them reared to manhood and womanhood . O th 1 880 He died ctober 7 , , and was buried in the ceme

te r . re y at Mt Morris , Illinois , where also repose the o f 2 d mains his wife and of Hugh Linn , who died at his h ome . THE LAN LINN 1 64 C .

Zlane (Rinn) Raglo r

Anhrem Zlarkaon Raglo r

N ( CO TRIBUTED BY MRS . ELIZABETH COGSWELL . )

N E NN O JA ( LI ) TAYL R was born in Concord , 1 6 1 8 1 8 Pennsylvania , July , , and married Andrew Jack

1 1 1 8 . son Taylor , April , 3 7 They resided for more than S twenty years at hade Gap , Pennsylvania , and removed S to Fort Littleton , of the same tate , where he died , March

2 1 88 . 9 , 4 In the following summer she removed to Car roll County , Illinois , where two sons and two daughters resided . Jane (Linn ) Taylor was a member of the Methodist 68 Church for years , and was a woman of unusual intel li en c e g , noble Christian character , and sweet , unselﬁsh disposition . In the truest sense she lived for others , She always seeking to do good . was of a quiet and retiring nature , so that only her nearest friends could r really know and appreciate her true wo th .

She had eleven children , eight of whom grew to man h hood and woman ood . She died at the home of her son , 1 1 John Templeton Taylor , in Chicago , Illinois , April , 1 0 - 9 3 , that day being the sixty sixth anniversary of her Her marriage . Her intellect was clear to the last . body rests in Oak Ridge Cemetery , Chicago , where it was car ried by her three sons and three grandsons . There six were living at the time of her decease , children , - - twenty seven grandchildren , and twenty one great

66 THE LAN LI N 1 C N .

Elo hn Rinn

nh M argaret (Raga) Rinn

JO H N LIN N was born In 1 82 0 and brought up on his ’ father s farm , near Concord , Pennsylvania . When a young man he went to Boonesboro , Maryland , where he taught sch o ol for a time and then learned the trade of marble cutting and engraving , which he followed for so me years and at intervals during his life . Returning ’ 1 8 0 to Path Valley , he bought his father s farm about 5 1 86 and resided there until 7, when he sold his farm and re removed to the village of Concord , where he led a 1 tired life until his decease in 895.

Unlike his brothers , James and Alexander , he was of a very retiring disposition , even shunning society . He was a tireless worker , never taking a day of rest during S his active life , except the abbath , was frugal and eco no m ic al to an extreme , a most careful manager , and as a result accumulated a considerable fortune , so that at his beneﬁtted decease church institutions were . to the extent of nearly forty thousand dollars , they having received the bulk of his money , for which he had received annui ties . S S E He was married to MI MARGAR T HAYS , a most industrious woman of strong Christian character , 1 0 Sh e who died in 89 . was an invalid for twenty years f and suf ered greatly from a form of rheumatism . Her patience and Christian resignation , during her many ff years of su ering , were most remarkable , and she was never known to murmur under the chastening hand of

Providence . They had no children . B I APHI CAL T H 1 6 OGR SKE C ES . 7

M argaret (Rinn) Ro nghribge

N H H N . ( CO TRIBUTED BY MRS . JO J WOOL ISER . )

E N N MARGAR T LI , fourth daughter of Hugh and 2 6 1 82 2 Ann Widney Linn , was born March , , among

Sh e the hills of Franklin County , Pennsylvania . early learned the duties of a housekeeper , as each of the girls took turns in doing the work of the household , that h being the rule of the mother . S e became a member of

an d the church at an early age , has been always a de

Sh e voted Christian . was married when eighteen years o f O E age to her cousin , ABRAHAM L UGHRIDG , a

c marble utter , who then lived in Maryland , near Boones 1 8 2 O boro . In April , 4 , they moved to gle County , Illi nois , going by wagon to Pittsburg and thence to Bur in to n O g , Iowa , by boat , a trip of nine days on the hio and Mississippi Rivers . From the river they traveled by wagon over the almost unbroken prairies to Pine n Creek . O their way one of their horses escaped , and father followed him almost all night before catching him , mother in the meanwhile sitting alone on the open prairie with her babe , Ann , only four months old . The f baby screamed with colic , mother suf ered with thirst , and every instant feared the Indians who were roaming t over the country would ﬁnd and kill them . Fa her des tinatib ﬁnally returned , and , having reached their n, r they began to build thei future home , a small log house , and other buildings . They returned to Pennsylvania for the winter and in the next spring retraced their steps to S Illinois , accompanied by Mr . and Mrs . amuel Henry , 1 68 THE C LAN LIN N .

S Mrs . Henry being a ister of Mrs . Loughridge . Reaching

Savanna , Illinois , by boat, the women and three children in a buggy , and the men in a wagon with their household goods , crossed the prairie to their new home . They had but little food and were unable to get any on the way , and passed a night in a cabin , where they slept on the

floor . A beautiful horse had been given to mother by her father , and was taken west with them , where they expected to reap a fortune from her foal . After getting t se tled in their prairie home , they staked their fine horse in the slough for the night , where some thief found her , and they never heard of her again . The two sisters lived in the same house during the next year . The home was - ’ improved , a school house was built on father s farm , and a United Brethren Church organized , which all joined . Other children came as the years passed , and 1 8 0 in 5 my father died of brain fever , when the struggle of a widow with five small children began . Aside from her own home duties , she found time to visit and pray with the sick , lay out the dead , and comfort the sorrow ing , all for love of the Master . The eldest son enlisted in the army during the Civil War , and the second died .

Later she moved to Crawford County , Iowa , repeating her ministrations of love and devotion among new friends , and helped to organize a Methodist Church .

Here she still is holding high the banner of Christ , point a ’ ing by her life to the cross , and waiting for the M ster s call and the bright-winged messengers who shall bear her home to the waiting ones .

1 THE LAN LIN N 70 C . greatest desire was to extend in every possible way the kingdom of his Master , and of him it may well be said “ ” that though dead he yet speaketh . His marriage to Miss Shaver proved to be most con genial , and for ﬁfty years they trod the path of domestic “ Sh e life together . was an intelligent , energetic help ” mate , whose chief pleasure was found among her chil dren and supervising the needs of her home . Like her husband she had a strong religious element in her na in ture , and never ceased both by word and example to c ulc ate in the minds of her children deep moral convie ’ tions . After Dr . Linn s decease she remained in Con 1 0 cord until January , 9 4 , when she removed to Bellwood ,

Pennsylvania , to reside with her daughter , Mrs . Clara

r Sh e Dysa t . now awaits , at more than four score years of age , the summons of her Master to join her husband , “ saying , If our earthly house of this tabernacle be dis solved , we have a building of God , an house not made ” with hands , eternal in the heavens . E Their children were Clara llen , John Alexander Wat E son , William Howard , George dward , Morrison

Shaver and Junie . MATILDA ( S HAVER) LI N N was born at Newton

S 1 82 . Hamilton , Pennsylvania , eptember 7 , 3 Her great grandfather came from Germany and settled in the Cum 1 0 berland Valley about 75 , where he brought up a family o f four boys and four girls . He subsequently moved to

Huntingdon County , Pennsylvania , and settled on the S Aughwick Creek , about four miles below hirleysburg ,

1 0 O ne S in 77 . of his sons , Major John haver , was born 1 62 1 in 7 . He was married , in 794 , to Mary Glass , a T 1 1 B I O GRAPHI CAL SKE C HES . 7

E woman of nglish descent , and one of their children , S Jacob haver , the father of Matilda ( Shaver) Linn , was born near the present site of Mt . Union , Pennsylvania , 6 1 . S 1 82 1 in 79 Jacob haver was married , in , to Jane 1 80 1 Morrison , born .

They had three children , Mary A . Matilda 1 82 and Julia A . ( 5) Jane ( Morrison) Shaver 1 82 6 . S deceased March , Jacob haver married Juliana 1 82 Morrison in 9 , and had four children , John W .

Sarah J . Joshua M . and Lee HE LAN LINN 1 72 T C .

GI Eleano r R. (Rinn) gper

william Ryper.

N E S . ( CO TRIBUTED BY HARRY TYPER, Q )

E N N E N . L A O R P LI , the youngest child of Hugh

Linn and Ann (Widney ) Linn , was born at Concord , 0 1 8 1 Pennsylvania , on May 3 , 3 , and died at Polo , Illi

S 1 1 0 . nois , eptember 7 , 9 5 h S e spent her childhood days with her parents , at Con Sh e o f Sh e . cord , which had many happy recollections often told her children o f her many adventures in the

Sh e mountains when she was a child . was converted and E joined the Methodist piscopal Church when a child , and did not remember the time when she did not recog S O n N 1 8 0 nize Christ as her aviour . ovember 7 , 5 , she was united in marriage to William Typer , of Martins burg , Pennsylvania , where they went to live . They 1 8 6 lived at Martinsburg for ﬁve years . In 5 they moved to Illinois . Her two older sisters had come to Illinois previously . They located near Polo , on a farm , and ever after resided in or near Polo . She was the mother of bo Six seven ys and three girls , of whom there are boys and one girl living at present . E WILLIAM TYP R , son of Charles Typer , was born 0 at Martinsburg, Blair County , Pennsylvania , on June 3 , 1 82 6 . He spent his boyhood days on a farm near Mar tinsbu r g , and attended the public schools during win ters . He was converted when a boy and united with the

1 THE LAN LIN N 74 C .

Ja s me Rinn aah Ramilg.

N H N N ( CO TRIBUTED BY SAMUEL BOO ER LI . )

ES N N 1 2 JAM LI was born in the year 79 , and brought up on his father ’s farm until twenty years of 1 8 1 2 age , when the war of with Great Britain called the ’ y o em en of the country to arms in defence of the N ation s honor and sense of justice . He at once volunteered to enter the service and joined a company which was re i c ru te d . at Concord , Pennsylvania His father , Hugh

Linn , who had imbibed the spirit of a true American ’ patriot , accompanied his son on a two days j ourney on his way to the front , and on parting with him said , My son , be a good soldier , and never turn back a coward . The memories of the battle of the Boyne water and the spirit of religious intolerance which had been so ﬁerce in the Emerald Isle between the O range ” and the “ Green had been transplanted , and one day in camp he ’ expressed himself concerning St . Patrick s followers in S language more vigorous than polite . everal soldiers who were devotees of the patron saint pounced upon him and by main strength threw him into the camp ﬁre .

Being a very active man , he was immediately upon his feet , rushed to his gun and would have bayonetted his at assailants had not cooler heads prevailed . They o ﬂi c e r tempted to have the superior punish him , but when he learned the nature of the offence (being himself prob O ably an rangeman) , he said he had done right , and should use his bayonet if attacked again .

James Linn was a class leader in the Methodist Church , Six a position of distinction in those days . He had sons B I GRAPHI C AL T H 1 O SKE C ES. 75

and one daughter . Four of his sons enlisted in the ser

-in- vice during the Civil War , and his son law , Charles E W . vans , was also in the army . N N O O E NN A CY ( B H R ) LI , youngest child of Cas

Huntin do n Penns l par Booher , was born in County , y

1 8 1 s 1 8 1 t . vania , in 79 , and married James Linn in 5

Her father was a class leader in the Methodist Church , and she became a member of the church in the year she was married . Her father lived to see all his children dau h members of that church , and long afterward his g “ ter could say with him , I have lived to see all my chil dren follow my example . The day was never too warm inﬁrm i nor too cold to attend divine service . When the ties of age came to her , her chief companion was the O f She Bible , and it was her daily study . a truth was a good woman , and when her work in life seemed done

Sh e she was anxious to depart and be with Christ . slept 1 in peace in the year 877 .

Qlaopar R. Rinn. N N S . CA PAR B LI , eldest son of James Linn , enlisted

2 1 8 t in Company B , Missouri Regiment , in the Civil War , S 1 6 1 1 862 eptember , 8 . He was discharged in August , , and died the month following . H ﬂ ames R . Rinn

anb l Sarah (lhilro at Rinn. E NN JAM S W . LI , third son of James Linn , was born

1 2 . in 8 4 in Horse Valley , Pennsylvania His parents moved to the little Aughwick Creek , Huntingdon County , THE L N LIN N 1 76 C A .

Pennsylvania , where they lived and died . He married

Margaret Linn , daughter of William Linn and grand 1 8 daughter of Hugh Linn , in 47 , but their married

. 1 8 life was brief , as she died in the same year In 55 he S married arah Chilcoat , who bore to him ﬁve children .

S 1 8 1 James W . Linn moved to helby , Iowa , in 7 , built one of the ﬁrst houses in that town , and was one of the i orig nal members of the Methodist Church there . He 80 S bought acres near helby , which he improved , but subsequently sold and invested in a fruit farm near Pierce

City , Missouri , where he now resides with his daughter ,

Carrie . During the Civil War he enlisted in the Federal 2 1 86 Army , August 9 , 4 , and was honorably discharged

1 86 . August 3 , 5 SARAH ( CHILCO AT) LIN N was born in Hares h 1 82 . S e Valley , Pennsylvania , in 4 was a good woman , a born Methodist , early learned to sew , knit , spin and

. She re weave , as well as do all kinds of housework . was tic ent in disposition , but always willing and ready to assist anyone in need , and had many warm friends .

Reo . Rugh Rinn . NN N HUGH LI , son of James and ancy Linn , was 8 2 Pa. N 1 8 1 . born in Huntingdon County , , ovember , 3 O Converted at a camp meeting held at rbisonia , Penn 1 8 8 1 8 sylvania , in 4 , he was licensed to exhort in 55, and 1 6 to preach in 85 . He served the church faithfully as S - steward , abbath school superintendent , class leader , exhorter and local preacher . His preparation for the ministry he secured in Cassville Academy in 1 855 and

1 THE LA I 78 C N L NN . envelope was not to be opened unless he should fail to get home from the army alive . 2 8 1 Reaching Harrisburg , he enlisted , July , 864 , in N Company A , inth Pennsylvania Cavalry , and joined

N r the regiment at ashville , Tennessee . They were o dered to Chattanooga , and he met his baptism of ﬁre near Murfreesboro , Tennessee , where the regiment met

General Biddle in conﬂict and came off victors , capturing ’ 1 0 3 prisoners . They joined General Kilpatrick s Divi

N . O n 1 sion at Atlanta , in ovember the 4th of that month S the army was reviewed by General herman , and on the next day began the famous march across Georgia to the sea . He was with the regiment in its various engage ments , narrowly escaping capture on two occasions . O nce he was decoyed by the enemy , uniformed as Union O n soldiers , into their very midst . being ordered to sur render , he put spurs to his horse and escaped at full gal lop , his companions being captured . When he reached the Union lines there was a deafening cheer arising from the whole army , which he could not understand until told the news of General Lee ’s surrender had j ust been 6 1 2 1 8 . S received . This was on April , 5 ome one noting that his horse had had a hard ride , asked him what was H . e said in reply that he guessed his horse the matter , had heard of the surrender of General Lee . He was

6 1 86 . N . C . 2 honorably discharged at Lexington , , May , 5 1 8 r In 77 he sold his farm in Pennsylvania , moved nea S to helby , Iowa , where he engaged in agriculture until 1 8 1 S 9 , when he retired to helby and lives in peace under - ﬁ . his own vine and g tree Like his brothers , he has been from youth a member of the Methodist Church . B I G A HI CAL K TCH 1 O R P S E ES. 79

S . amuel B Linn has had four children . The eldest . E V . . S Luella , is married to Dr Albert . tevens , of Han

. . at S cock , Iowa Marietta K graduated impson College , 1 8 E N . Iowa , in 94 , and died the following year . liza S 1 8 beth also graduated at impson College in 94 , and is S at home with her parents . amuel H . was a student at N Lincoln University , ebraska , where he died three months before the graduation of his class . E E N . o f JA G K AGY , wife Samuel B . Linn , was born 1 8 6 Sh e in 3 . was the daughter of Abraham Keagy , 1 0 born 79 , the third son of Dr . Abraham Keagy , born 1 in Lancaster County , Pennsylvania , 757 , and married 1 62 h S e . to Barbara Boehm in 7 . was a sister of Rev ’ Henry Boehm , one of Bishop Asbury s traveling com panions , who was then the oldest preacher in Methodism , living to be one hundred years of age . Dr . Keagy moved C le arﬁeld 1 80 to County , Pennsylvania , in 5, taking up a C le arﬁeld large tract of land at Glen Hope , on the

Creek . Abraham Keagy 2 d was married to Elizabeth Shafer ’ 1 82 (born in 5. After his father s death , he moved 1 82 to the homestead in 5, and lived there until his death , 1 882 1 E . in 856 . lizabeth Keagy died in They were among the founders of the Methodist Episcopal Church

C le arﬁeld . in County , Pennsylvania 1 86 S . Jane G . Keagy was married to amuel B Linn , 5, in Glen Hope , and began housekeeping near Maddens re ville , Huntingdon County , Pennsylvania , where they S 1 8 8 . sided until 7 , when they moved to Iowa , near helby 1 6 e There they settled on 7 acres of prairi land , which 1 8 1 S they improved , and in 9 moved to the town of helby , 1 80 THE C LAN LINN . where they are spending their declining years in comfort in a pleasant home , and looking after the interests of their farm .

Elaro b R. Rinn

aah

Renter (t ilro at) Rinn .

N N 1 8 JACO B B . LI was born in 3 9 in Huntingdon and 1 8 County , Pennsylvania , reared on a farm until 59 , when he entered Rainsburg Academy , Blair County ,

Pennsylvania . He remained there until President Lin coln issued his ﬁrst call for troops , when he enlisted , 2 1 86 1 E April 3 , , for three years in the ighth Regiment ,

Pennsylvania Infantry . He served in the Peninsula ’ campaign ; in the seven days ﬁght before Richmond u n

M c C lellan 2 der General ; was taken prisoner , June 7 ,

1 862 x t , and spent si y days in Libby prison and on Belle

Island . Unﬁt for duty when exchanged , he was sent to a hospital , but , impatient to be in active service , he took “ ” French leave , and joined his regiment in time to be at the battle of Antietam . He was also at the battle of

1 86 . Fredericksburg , in 3 He was honorably discharged S o tts lvania at p y Court House , and mustered out at Pitts 6 2 1 8 . burg , May 3 , 4

Returning home in June , he soon after bought a farm , 1 8 where he remained until 74 , when he moved with his S 1 2 0 family to near helby , Iowa , and bought acres , which he improved . He left his farm in the hands of his M c Ke ndre e 1 88 1 son , , in , and moved to Hand County , S 80 outh Dakota , where , taking up 4 acres , he remained

HE LA I N 1 82 T C N L N .

H ESTER ( CHILCO AT ) LINN was born in Hunt in do n 1 1 8 g County , Pennsylvania , December 5, 3 5, and is h the oldest of eight children . S e was brought up on a farm and received her education in the common schools . Very early in life the household duties devolved upon t e her because of the illness of her mother , and she mained at home doing faithfully the duties that fall to a - daughter , until she was twenty eight years of age . Sh e . O 1 1 86 was married to Jacob B Linn , ctober 3 , 4 .

1 8 Sh e S h r In 74 came to helby County , Iowa , with e hus band and family , and located on the farm , where she still Sh resides . e has been a consistent member of the Meth 1 8 odist Church since 54 . B I G APHI C AL TC H 1 O R SKE ES . 83

illllarg (Rinn) Ro nghrihge

anb

(R ur e ge Ro nghribge.

The Lo u gh ridge s were among the early settlers in

Horse Valley , Cumberland ( now Perry ) County , in the eighteenth century . There were three of that name , who may have been brothers , George , John and Hugh . A copy of a record of the Widney family , in the possession “ : of the writer , says Mary Linn ( daughter of Sarah 1 80 2 (Widney ) Linn ) married George Loughridge , ; ” 1 2 6 died 8 ; aged 44 years . The date of the marriage 1 8 1 2 1 80 2 may have been , rather than , due to a mistake of the Copyist . 1 8 The same record says , Margaret Widney , born 7 9 , married John Loughridge The name Hugh Lough ridge appears on the “ mill book ” or day book of Hugh 2 d trans ac Linn , who owned a mill , in various business 1 82 tions , under date of 5. GEO RGE AN D MARY ( LIN N ) LO UGHRIDGE had a family of seven children , three of whom , Hugh ,

Mary and Martha , died in early life . George Lough ridge was a man of much ability and transmitted to his “ children the same superiority of mind . He applied the Archimedean lever principle in the construction of a practical lever adapted to work in stone quarries , and having heard that extensive deposits of marble had been discovered and were being worked on the land of the ’ Eave s E ave s y , in Washington County , Maryland ( y ” Luck ) , he took the device there to test and utilize . 1 THE C LAN LINN 84 .

This was in the early twenties of the last century , and his family remaining at the home place , a constant corre s o nde nc e p was kept up between himself and his wife . 1 860 Their son , William , had , in , a large package of

w rittten letters by Mary ( Linn ) Loughridge , his mother , and addressed to his father at the time above mentioned . f E “ O . : them , Mrs dward Williams Barker says These letters were lost , but I recall having read them as a child , and having been greatly impressed by their religious tenor and pervading sweet tone . In one she spoke of the death of one of her daughters , from an epidemic then prevailing . In another she grieved over the death ” of her son , Hugh , whom she idolized .

N : Sh e Mrs . Alexander eill writes was evidently a woman of deep religious convictions . Her faith was u ndim ne d and her letters showed great resignation , almost an open vision that all was well with her children . They were ﬁlled with love and sympathy for her hus band . The love of William Loughridge for his mother e mbo di amounted to reverence . He considered her the ” ment of every Christian virtue .

’ After his wife s death , George Loughridge lived in

Washington County , Maryland , with the remaining

2 d . children , George , Abraham , John and William

John Barker , of Ashbourne , Pennsylvania , great grandson of George Loughridge and grandson of Wil liam Loughridge , contributes the following

1 THE LAN INN 86 C L .

O O on the Baltimore hio Railroad earlier than ctober , 1 855 . It was improved from time to time and in various modiﬁcations was applied to many American Railroads , — among them the Pennsylvania Railroad , the Baltimore O hio Railroad , the Western Maryland , the Cumberland

O 81 Pennsylvania , the hio Mississippi , the Cincinnati ,

Hamilton Dayton , the Indianapolis and Cincinnati , the

Little Miami , the Memphis and Charleston and many others . 1 86 In 7 , in pursuance of this invention , he moved with N e w his family to Patterson , Jersey , to equip the Central N Railroad of ew Jersey . 1 86 About 9 , he bought a place in Baltimore , Maryland , 1 Where he lived until his wife died in 883 . Thereafter he

n 1 88 remained in Baltimore u til 5, when he moved to E Philadelphia to live with his daughter , Mrs . dward

1 8 1 . Williams Barker , where he died in 9 He was buried with his wife at Hagerstown , Maryland . S 2 th 1 8 I have a copy of a letter dated eptember 5 , 55, S S which Thomas A . cott , then Assistant uperintendent and afterwards President of the Pennsylvania Railroad

Company , wrote to William Loughridge in enthusiastic “ praise of his invention ; which he described as undoubt e dl th e y one of the great improvements of age . Under h 1 E 2 t 8 . date of August 7 , 59 , J dgar Thompson , then “ : President of the Pennsylvania Company , wrote The practical operation of the brake since its introduction has ” equalled the promises of the inventor . His Brake System was eventually superseded by the S Westinghouse ystem , but not until his resources were B I GRA HI CAL TC H 1 8 O P SKE ES . 7 exhausted in a protracted civil suit against the Westing house Air Brake Company for infringements of his pat “ s o - ents , in which he endeavored to show that the called ‘ Westinghouse Brake ’ was in all its important and suc c e s s fu l features , his invention , in which he was fully ” protected by Letters Patent . William Loughridge profoundly deliberated and ex tens ively wrote upon the various elements involved in the problem of railway car braking and discussed with an acute sense of the results of their practical operation , as —o f applied to moving trains , the physical laws of force , 1 6 . 8 Weight , Velocity , Momentum , etc In 5 he published a pamphlet on “ Friction in its practical relation to Rolling

S . tock Few men , living or dead , had , as he had , the continuous and prolonged practical experience necessary for an adequate treatment of this difﬁcult subj ect : and the opportunities he enjoyed to observe the effects and ff r results of friction , as a ecting practical transpo tation , which was keenly taken advantage of by observations and experiments for months at a time in almost all the great

American railway shops and on the tracks , as well as his patient and painstaking private experiments and frequent - da conferences with the ablest master mechanics of his y, make his ﬁndings of a value perhaps less only than the conclusions of the celebrated French scientist Morin . THE C LAN LINN 1 88 .

( l llhar en Rinn. E S N N CHARL LI , eldest son of John Linn , was born 1 80 1 82 S in 3 , married in 4 to Martha nyder , and died in ’

1 8 6 . 7 He was brought up on his father s farm , and after his marriage moved to Fulton county , farther west , where he engaged in farming . He was a man of large

frame but spare of ﬂesh , had blue eyes and dark hair and inherited an iron constitution , which stood him in good

1 en stead during a long life of incessant toil . He was

dowed with great energy , a man of most industrious habits , of positive convictions but ever ready to acknow a ledge mistake , of religious fervor manifesting itself in

regularity in church attendance and family worship , and

in liberal contributions to church support . He was a strong advocate of temperance and gave his vote as an ‘ elector to the man whom he believed honest and eﬂi c ient

in advancing the public welfare . He was of quiet dis

position , an actor rather than a talker , applied himself

diligently to business , acquiring control of considerable property and conducted himself as a worthy and upright

citizen . He retained control of his physical and mental energies until the last and never ceased to take an active

interest in the work of life . He died , as he lived , full of M c Kendree faith and hope , and was buried at Church ,

E . near mmaville , Pennsylvania

1 THE C LAN LINN 90 .

Zlane ( Rinn ) Rfihneg

anb Elo hn Ratterno n 111111111 11

N N N N ( CO TRIBUTED BY OLIVER HA A WID EY . )

O N E O N N E N o 2 8 1 8 1 6 S v. J H PATT R WID Y , born , , 2 6 married Jane Linn , daughter of John Linn , S ept . , 1 8 1 8 6 3 5, and in the spring of 3 they moved to Indiana , N settling near the site of the present town of ewville , - twenty six miles northeast of Fort Wayne , when that country was yet a wilderness . There they built a cabin and cultivated the land , experiencing all the hardships of

1 8 1 . the early settlers . In 5 Mr Widney was elected re Clerk of the De Kalb county Circuit Court , and they moved to Auburn , the county seat . After the expiration f 1 8 6 of his term of o ﬁce , 5 , he held various other public f S . o ﬁces , Deputy Collector of the U . Internal Revenue ,

Justice of the Peace , Township Trustee , etc . , and all of these offi ces he ﬁlled with credit to himself and to the satisfaction of the people . He was a member of the House of Representatives of

1 8 - 8 re- Indiana in the session of 47 4 , and was nominated , but defeated because he advocated the free school system and a bill to regu late the sale of intoxicating liquors . He acquired a great reputation as a ﬁnancier and ac c um ulat a ed quite fortune , but in doing so never charged any more than the legal rate of interest and never distressed any one , while on the other hand he has saved the home of many a poor man . His reputation for honorable deal B I G A HI CAL TCH 1 1 O R P SKE ES . 9 ing and just treatment of his fellows is universally prais N o D Kal ed by those who best know him . man in e b county has borne a higher reputation in all things per t aining to the public welfare . He was ever called upon by the people to represent them in matters of general in t e re st , such as granting privileges to corporations . He was never present at a meeting when he became a nom ine e f ffi for o ﬁce and never in any sense an o ce seeker .

As a young man he was very erect , six feet in height , was quick in action , in conversation or making an address , was a good writer as well as speaker , forcible in an argu ment , but always treating his opponents with the greatest courtesy . N E N N N E JA ( LI ) WID Y died at Auburn , Indiana , O 1 2 1 8 1 ctober th , 5 , having born ﬁve children , only two S O of whom are now living , amuel Linn Widney and liver

S t . S Hanna Widney , both of whom reside at Joe tation ,

Indiana .

Mr . Widney afterward married Mary Henderson Wid ney , who bore ﬁve children , three of whom still survive ,

Mary Alice ( wife of Abner Lewis ) , John Morris and k Cora ( wife of Akin Lo daw ic ) . 1 0 At this writing, March , 9 4, Mr . Widney , although 88th in his year , retains all his faculties and is extremely active for one of his age . 1 2 THE LA I 9 C N L NN .

Zlamen Rinn

anb

a Ro b rta Raun h ( e ) Rinn.

N AN D N N ( CO TRIBUTED BY SYLVESTER SARAH P . LI . )

ES NN JAM LI , son of John Linn and Jane Scyoc S 2 th 1 82 0 Linn , was born eptember 9 , . His youth was ’ 2 th 1 8 1 spent on his father s farm , and on April 9 , 4 , he married Hannah Roberts . He subsequently moved to

Huntingdon county , Pennsylvania , where he remained 1 8 n t until June , 57 , whe he wen to Rock Island , Illinois . S 1 86 In eptember , 5, he moved to Iowa , in which State he carried on farming for many years . He then removed with his family to Washington , where they bought acres of land and built a home at South Bend .

James Linn was six feet two inches in height , had black hair and eyes , a very cheerful disposition , always looking on the bright side of life , and was a man of strong Christian character . He joined the Methodist

Church early in life . He was not a great talker , but fond of company , and especially of children . He retained his mental faculties until the last , kept a lively interest in business matters and often talked of the friends and busi ness associates of his early days . He was a very healthy , vigorous man , never having had a doctor until after his seventieth year . He never used tobacco nor intoxicating liquor , nor does any one of his children , of whom there were fourteen , nine boys and ﬁve girls , of whom eleven are still living . He had no fear of death , and in his last

194 THE CLAN LIN N .

n 111111111111 anb a R gh Rinn R milg.

N . N N ( CO TRIBUTED BY DR SAMUEL H . LI . )

HUGH WILLIAM LI N N was born in 1 8 1 8 in 1 2 1 8 0 County Clare , Ireland . August , 4 , he married Miss E Mary Chadwick , of Manchester , ngland , at Dublin , Ire E land . migrating to this country they settled in Phila

Pa. delphia , , where they made their home until his death 82 at the age of . Mrs . H . W . Linn is still living in Phila delphia . Hugh W . Linn was an honest , sturdy , hard working man , a good Christian , devoting his whole life to his wife and children . Their home life was an ideal one and , although unable to supply all the luxuries of life , it was a happy , helpful home . Mr . Linn was a life

f . . long member o the Masonic O rder and the I O O . F . Their marriage was blessed with six sturdy sons and m two daughters , of whom four sons , Willia , Samuel , A Thomas and Hugh , and one daughter , Mary . , wife of O ne William Adams , still survive . daughter , Jennie

Linn , and two sons , Matthew and Benj amin F . Linn , are deceased .

l . . Rr. Samue R Rinn E N N . S . AMU L H LI , second son of Hugh W and

Pa. Mary Chadwick Linn , was born in Philadelphia , ,

2 6 1 8 . September , 43 Being obliged to battle with the

world at an early age , he engaged in various occupations

E S . N during his earlier years . ntering the U . avy as a Volunteer Ofﬁcer during the Civil War he saw active ”

S S . service on the U . . Shamrock ( Flagship , Fourth B I GRA HI CAL TC H 1 O P SKE ES . 95

N S Division , orth Atlantic quadron) , in Albemarle S o ff E ound , denton , and at the mouth of the Roanoke “ E S . . . River , also special service on the U . Tug J Baz ” “

S . . S o ff ley in same place . ervice on the U S . Aries

Cape Fear and at Fort Fisher , special service at Balti “ ”

. S . S . more , Md , and service on the U . Mackinaw in N S the orth Atlantic quadron and West Indies , being hon rabl 1 1 6 o 8 6 . y discharged , June , Aft er obtaining a degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery S t he went abroad and located at . Petersburg , Russia , where he practiced eight years , returning to this country 1 8 M in 77 to take his degree of D . at the University of

Pennsylvania , after which he again took up his residence

St . at Petersburg for ten years , numbering among his patients the present Dowager Empress and several mem ’ 1 8 bers of the Imperial Family . During his years resi dence in Russia he returned to America every year , and has a record of crossing the ocean 40 times . Since his permanent return to the United States in 1 887 he has divided his time and residence between

N e w c Brooklyn , York City and Ro hester , where he has 1 been located for the past 5 years . He has contributed his mite to the cause of medicine and medical literature , E ’ besides having made a translation of Dr . . Doyen s ”

60 0 . Technique Chirurgicale , a work of pages 1 886 E Dr . Linn married in dith Lenore Willis , only child of Dr . F . L . H . and Love M . Whitcomb Willis .

Mrs . Linn is a writer of verse and has contributed con i “ s de rably to current literature . Her poem Restless ’ ” S o Heart Don t Worry , has been translated into French , E Russian and German , widely circulated in ngland and 1 96 THE CLAN LINN . the United S tates and set to music by three different com Sh e posers . has published several books of verse .

Two sons have been born to Dr . and Mrs . Linn , Willis , 1 F 8 . 1 6 . aged , and Benj amin , aged The elder is study ing for the Medical and the younger for the Dental pro f i n e ss o .

Rr. Rho man Rinn S N N O . TH MA LI , son of Hugh W and Mary Linn , 8 1 . S born in Philadelphia , 45 Like his brother amuel , his earlier energies were directed along various lines . In 1 8 2 M D 7 he took the degree of . from the University of N ew York , after which he went abroad and continued his medical studies , receiving a diploma from the Fac u l té de medicine of Paris . He is now practicing medi N cine at ice , France , in winter , and at Geneva , Switzer

in . land , summer He has contributed much to medical E literature both in this country , ngland and France . He has ever sought the company of good books and sages , rather than conspicuous position , and by his brothers is “ considered the scientiﬁc member of the family . He is E r a recognized authority on uropean Health Reso ts , “ E ” (see The Health Resorts of urope , London) . He is a member of the “ Continental Anglo-American Medical S ociety ” and for several years was Physician to the Bath E - - ing stablishments at Aix les Bains and Marlioz , Mem ber of the British Medical Association and Fellow of the N ew . . York Academy of Medicine , etc , etc With his wife Annette he is reaping the reward of his well-directed efforts and in all probability he will spend his remaining years abroad .

1 THE LAN IN N 98 C L .

Elane (Rinn) (llampbell

a l Ro bert QI mpbel.

N N N N ( CO TRIBUTED BY MRS . DA IEL RALPH E IS . )

N E N N n 1 JA LI was bor in 795, in Horse Valley , Cum berland ( now Perry ) county , Penna . , and died near Con 1 8 2 1 8 1 c . . ord . Franklin county , Penna , April 7 , 4 In 7 she was married to Robert Campbell , with whom she lived in harmony till death . To them were born eight children . h Her most marked characteristics , per aps , were her

n y unbounded e ergy and remarkable piet . As the mother o f n a large family she was a most i dustrious , frugal and - im God fearing woman , and by her strong personality pressed indelibly upon her children these S ame traits of

Go d . diligence and economy , softened by a simple faith in The spinning wheel occupied a prominent place in the

the h economy of house old ; ﬂax for linen , and wool for the family ﬂan n el as well as yarn for the numerous stockings must all be prepared in the home . But work never was allowed to interfere with the observance of the h S . S e abbath was a most devout Christian woman , a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and was al

n most extreme i her religious views and O bservances . Vegetables that were not gathered on S aturday were notable by their absence on the S unday dinner table ; choice berries brought her , by her children , were refused if gathered on the S abbath Day .

The health of Mrs . Jane Campbell was ailing for a number of years previous to her death and on one occas ion her family despaired o f her recovery . At this time B I G APHI CAL TC H 1 O R SKE ES . 99

her brother John Linn came to see her . After calling at

re her bedside and noting her enfeebled condition , he

h His tired to t e barn to pray . earnest pleadings were audible to those at the house , to which he soon returned “ ’ n with the glad assurance , Well , Je nie , you ll not die

S this time . A few years later when the pring blossoms h were spreading t eir fragrance on the air , she died , ex h o rtin h g her children , some of w om were yet quite young , to meet her in heaven . O E E 1 8 R B RT CAMPB LL was born in the year 79 , in

Franklin County , Pa . Though bearing an unmistakable

S his cotch name , immediate ancestors were of Irish birth and doubtless belon ged to the famous group of Protest ants who ﬂed from Scotland to Ireland to escape religious

n persecutio . He was a man of sterling character and of

n an unusually kind dispositio . As a young man he mar

n ried Jane Li n , and they made their home near the little village of Concord , sheltered on all sides by the moun tains , which to them were the inevitable boundaries . In this home in Franklin County were born to them a large family , and from it the mother was carried to her

n resti g place on the hill , not far away ; and the father was left to perform that most difﬁcult task in life—take the h part of mot er as well as father to a family . This he did “ most nobly , bringing up the children in the faith of our ” fathers .

When the children were grown and all but two married , h he married Miss Herron , with w om he lived till his 1 880 . death , in December ,

After a few years the old home , with its ﬁne brick

n buildi gs , passed into the hands of strangers , though still “ ld ” known as the O Campbell Place . 2 0 0 THE LAN LI NN C .

Nanrg (Rinn) R allare. N N N N E A CY LI WALLAC , youngest child of Hugh 1 80 1 Linn , was born , and married to Hugh Wallace ,

1 82 0 . S mall of stature but light of foot as a deer , she fift - was a marvel of agility and energy . For y eight years she fulfilled faithfully and well the offices of wife and

s u e rin mother , holding her family well in hand , and p tending efﬁciently the work of the farm after her hus band ’s decease until her children were able to relieve her of the responsibility . Sh e was a hospitable woman whose door was ever open

Sh e to anyone in distress , as well as to her own friends . 1 868 survived her husband fourteen years , and in was called to meet him in another life . l f Zo hn R allare. O N E N J H WALLAC , oldest son of Hugh and ancy

Pa. 1 82 1 ( Linn ) Wallace , was born at Concord , , , and E 1 8 8 . c married lizabeth Berry , 4 Re eiving a common

c a s hool education , he taught school for a time , but his g g re s s ive and e n ergetic spirit soon called him into the more stirri n g scenes of life and he went to Kansas as a

th e S pioneer in ﬁfties , when that tate was rent by political f actions , which for a time made it , as was said of Ken “ ” n tucky in the I dian wars, a dark and bloody ground .

di d He there engaged in stock raising and farming , and

th e c his full share in development of the ountry . For many years his n earest depot of supplies was Kansas City or h Fort Leavenwort , a hundred and ﬁfteen miles away , and

2 2 THE C LAN LIN N 0 .

and two children were added to the household , one of them still living with her mother , and one married , in

1 8 6 S S . 9 , to William hearer , of pring Run , Pa Hugh W allace was a man of excellent character , earnest , gen e ro u s to a fault , always ready to assist a friend by day the or night , honest to core , and his word was as good as his bond . B I G APHI C AL TC H 2 O R SKE ES . 03

( Rr. Reo r R l n ge i b Rinn .

E O E S N N G RG WILD LI , third son of James Wid 1 8 ney Linn , was born 44 , received an academic educa

Pa lu n . vo tion at Tuscarora Academy , Juniata County , , l o th teered during the Civil War in the 7 Regiment ,

Pennsylvania Infantry , and was with the Federal Army on the evacuation of Richmond and Petersburg and at the surrender of General Lee at Appomattox Court

1 86 . House , May 9 , 5 At the close of the war he again

c entered student life , graduated from Di kinson College , Pa 1 86 Carlisle , . , in 9 . and was assigned the Latin saluta tory oration at commencement . He studied medicine at

n re c eiv the University of Pennsylva ia , Philadelphia , and 1 ed the degree o f Doctor of Medicine in 872 . He subsequently received the degree of Master of Arts

from Dickinson College , and that of Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Pe n n sylva nia . He spent a year and a half as assistant physician in hospital work in Philadelphia , and then went abroad to pursue special studies in medicine at the Universities of

GOttin e n g and Vienna , where he remained nearly two years . Returning to America he began the practice of medicine in Philadelphia and was appointed one of the physicians and lecturers on the staff of the Philadelphia

Hospital , a position held for six years , when a long and critical illness (pleuro-pneumonia) disabled him so permanently that he was compelled to relinquish all pri vate and public work indeﬁnitely . He spent several

re c u e rat years in Colorado and California , in hope of p 2 0 THE LAN LINN 4 C .

ing , and when in Los Angeles accepted the Professor ship o f Clinical Medicine in the University of Southern

re California , but the precarious condition of his health quired him , after a year , to forego the greatest pleasure of his life , that of teaching . 1 8 8 N In 7 he married Miss aomi Anderson Fisher , of

Bryn Mawr , Pa .

His permanent address is Bryn Mawr , Pa .