The Best of... Prokofi ev 8.556681 The Best of J. S. Bach 8.556656 Puccini 8.556670 Beethoven 8.556651 Rachmaninov 8.556682 Berlioz 8.556678 Ravel 8.556673 HAYDN Bizet 8.556671 Rimsky-Korsakov 8.556674 Brahms 8.556659 Rossini 8.556683 Surprise Chopin 8.556654 Saint-Saëns 8.556675 Symphony Debussy 8.556663 Schubert 8.556666 Farewell Dvo ák 8.556661 Schumann 8.556662 Symphony Elgar 8.556672 Shostakovich 8.556684 Cello Concerto Fauré 8.556679 Sibelius 8.556677 Grieg 8.556658 Johann Strauss II 8.556664 Emperor Quartet Handel 8.556665 Stravinsky 8.556685 Haydn 8.556668 Tchaikovsky 8.556652 Clock Symphony Liszt 8.556667 Verdi 8.556669 Piano Mendelssohn 8.556660 Vivaldi 8.556655 Concerto Mozart 8.556653 Wagner 8.556657 and others Paganini 8.556680 Weber 8.556676 DDD 8.556668 Franz Joseph Haydn 1732–1809 Keyboard Works Haydn composed nearly fifty keyboard sonatas, the earlier intended for harpsichord Various paternity charges have been levelled at the composer Haydn. His career and the last for the newly developed hammer-action fortepiano. The final works in this coincided with the development of classical style and forms, with the symphony, form include the so-called English Sonata in C major, written in 1795 during Haydn’s sonata, string quartet and other instrumental forms, in the moulding of which he played second visit to London. an important part. Born in Rohrau in 1732, the son of a wheelwright, he was trained as a chorister at St. Stephen’s Cathedral in Vienna, where he made his early living, √ Recommended Recordings before appointment to the small musical establishment of Count Morzin in 1759. In Piano Sonatas Nos. 36-41 1760 he entered the service of the Esterházy Princes, and succeeded to the position Naxos 8.553127 of Kapellmeister on the death of his predecessor and immediate superior Gregorius Piano Sonatas Nos. 42-47 Werner in 1766. Much of Haydn’s life now centred on the magnificent palace and estate Naxos 8.550844 at Esterháza, where his employer Prince Nikolaus Esterházy had moved his entourage Piano Sonatas Nos. 48-52 Naxos 8.553128 for most of the year. The death of the Prince in 1790 released Haydn and allowed travel Piano Sonatas Nos. 53-56 & 58; Un Piccolo Divertimento to London. There followed further service of the successors of Prince Nikolaus, now at Naxos 8.550845 the former residence at Eisenstadt, and concluding retirement in Vienna, where he died Piano Sonatas Nos. 59-62 in 1809, as the soldiers of Napoleon again entered the city. Naxos 8.550657

2 8.556668 8.556668 11 String Quartets Op. 74 Nos. 1-3 Church Music Naxos 8.550396 Haydn’s duties as Kapellmeister to the Esterházy family involved the provision of church String Quartets Op. 76 Nos. 1-3 music, as well as music for entertainment. The Mass settings composed for the younger Naxos 8.550314 Prince Nikolaus include the well known Nelson Mass, celebrating the English admiral’s String Quartets Op. 76 Nos. 4-6 victory at the Battle of the Nile. Between 1796 and 1802 Haydn wrote seven Masses, all Naxos 8.550315 with popular German nicknames, “Heiligmesse”, “Paukenmesse”, “Coronation Mass”, String Quartets Op. 77, Nos. 1-2 Naxos 8.553146 “Theresienmesse”, “Schöpfungsmesse” and “Harmoniemesse”. String Quartets Op. 103, Op. 51 Seven Last Words Naxos 8.550346 Oratorios Haydn’s visits to London suggested to him the musical possibilities of oratorio, in the form perpetuated after Handel’s death by commemorative festival performances. The result was The Creation (Die Schöpfung), with a text by Baron van Swieten based on English sources, first performed in Vienna in 1798. The Seasons (Die Jahreszeiten), with a text by van Swieten based on James Thomson, was first performed in 1801. Haydn’s earlier oratorios include II ritorno di Tobia (The Return of Tobias), completed in 1775.

10 8.556668 8.556668 3 Stage Works √ Recommended Recordings Haydn’s two dozen operas have received rather less attention than many of his other String Quartets “Emperor”, “Fifths” & “Sunrise” works. Most of these were written for performance at Esterháza, either in the principal Naxos 8.550129 theatre or in the marionette theatre. String Quartets, Op. 1, Nos. 1-4 Naxos 8.550398 Vocal Music String Quartets, Op. 1, Nos. 5 & 6, Op. 2, Nos. 1 & 2 Haydn wrote a number of songs, providing nearly 400 British folk-song arrangements Naxos 8.550399 for the Edinburgh publisher Thomson, in addition to songs and cantatas in German String Quartets Op. 2, Nos. 4 & 6 and Op. 42 and English. The two sets of Canzonettas written in England in 1794 and 1795 include Naxos 8.550732 settings of verses by the wife of Haydn’s London surgeon, Hunter. String Quartets Op. 9, Nos. 1, 3 & 4 Naxos 8.550786 String Quartets Op. 9, Nos. 2, 5 & 6 Naxos 8.550787 String Quartets, Op. 20, Nos. 1-3 Naxos 8.550701 String Quartets, Op. 20, Nos. 4-6 Naxos 8.550702 String Quartets Op. 33, Nos. 1, 2 & 5 Naxos 8.550788 String Quartets Op. 33, Nos. 3, 4 & 6 Naxos 8.550789 String Quartets Op. 54 Nos. 1-3 Naxos 8.550395 String Quartets Op. 55 Nos. 1-3 Naxos 8.550397 String Quartets Op. 64 Nos. 1-3 Naxos 8.550673 String Quartets Op. 64 Nos. 4-6 Naxos 8.550674 String Quartets Op. 71 Nos. 1-3 Naxos 8.550394

4 8.556668 8.556668 9 Chamber Music Orchestral Music Haydn was a prolific composer of chamber music, with a considerable number of Symphonies. Haydn’s 108 symphonies, written between 1759 and 1795, range from compositions for his principal patron, Prince Nikolaus Esterházy, who played the works written for the relatively modest local court orchestra of two oboes, two horns baryton, a bowed string instrument resembling a viola da gamba, with sympathetic and strings, to the greater complexity of his larger scale London Symphonies, the twelve strings that could also be plucked. The English scholar Dr. Burney suggested it as only written for performance in London under the direction of the German-born violinist and useful on a desert island, where a player could accompany a bowed melody with impresario Salomon during the composer’s two London visits. The London Symphonies plucked accompaniment, without other assistance. include a number of works with nicknames, No. 94, “The Surprise”, No. 96, “The For the more conventional string quartet Haydn wrote some 83 works, described Miracle”, No. 100, ”The Military”, No. 101, ”The Clock”, No. 103, “The Drumroll”, originally as divertimenti, but later dignified by the more serious title by which they are generally known. Once again nicknames reflect the continued popularity of many and No. 104, known as “The London” or “The Salomon”. Other named symphonies of these works. Sets of named quartets include the Sun Quartets of 1772, Op. 20, the that remain in regular concert repertoire include No. 92, “The Oxford” and Nos. 82, 83 Russian Quartets written in 1781, Op. 33, and including “The Joke” and “The Bird”, the and 84, “The Bear’’, “The Hen” and “La reine” (The Queen of France). Earlier named Prussian Quartets of 1787, Op. 50, much influenced by Mozart and including “The symphonies include the interesting Symphony No. 22, “The Philosopher”, which Frog”. There are three sets of Tost Quartets, Opp. 54, 55 and 64, bearing the name includes two cor anglais or English horns, tenor oboes in place of the normal higher- of the Esterháza violinist turned business-man Johann Tost. The Tost Quartets include pitched instrument, written in 1764, three years after “Le matin”, “Le midi” and “Le “The Razor” and ‘’The Lark”. Further sets of quartets were issued in 1793 and 1797, soir” (Morning, Noon and Evening), Nos. 6, 7 and 8. The “Farewell” Symphony, No. 45, The “Apponyi‘’, Opp. 71 and 74, including “The Rider’’, and the “Erdödy”, Op. 76, allows players, impatient for a return from Esterháza to their families at home, to leave including the “Fifths”, “Emperor” and “Sunrise”, both groups bearing the names of the platform one by one. Its immediate predecessor is the “Trauersinfonie”, Mourning aristocratic patrons. The Opus 1 Quartets were seemingly written between 1757 and Symphony, while No. 49, “La Passione”, reflects elements of Sturm und Drang, the 1761. The Seven Last Words of Christ on the Cross was arranged in string quartet form Storm and Stress movement in German literature and art of the period. from the original work for full orchestra, amplified with the addition of choral parts. It was written for performance in Cádiz on Good Friday 1787. √ Recommended Recordings In addition to a number of works for two violins and cello and 126 baryton trios, Haydn Symphonies Nos. 6 “Le Matin”, 7 “Le Midi” & 8 “Le Soir” wrote a number of attractive piano trios between 1784 and 1797. The best known of Naxos 8.550722 these last is the G major Trio with its so-called Gypsy Rondo. Symphonies Nos. 22 “The Philosopher”, 29 & 60 “II Distratto” Naxos 8.550724 Symphonies Nos. 23, 24 & 61 Naxos 8.550723 Symphonies Nos. 26 “Lamentatione”, 35 & 49 “La Passione” Naxos 8.550721

8 8.556668 8.556668 5 Symphonies Nos. 30, 55 “The Schoolmaster” & 63 “La Roxelane” Concertos. Of Haydn’s concertos, the work written in 1796 for the newly developed Naxos 8.550757 and soon to be obsolete keyed trumpet, is the best known, closely rivalled by the two Symphonies Nos. 44 “Trauer”, 77 & 104 “London” surviving Cello Concertos, in D and in C. Three genuine Violin Concertos remain, in G, Naxos 8.550287 in C and in A, and one Horn Concerto. The keyboard concertos have recently entered Symphonies Nos. 45 “Farewell”, 48 “Maria Theresia” & 102 popular repertoire, in particular the Concerto in D major. They were originally designed Naxos 8.550382 either for organ or harpsichord and were written in the earlier part of Haydn’s career, Symphonies Nos. 53 “L’lmpériale”, 86 & 87 before his employment by the Esterházys. Naxos 8.550768 Symphonies Nos. 64 “Tempora Mutantur”, 84 & 90 √ Naxos 8.550770 Recommended Recordings Symphonies Nos. 69 “Laudon”, 89 & 91 Cello Concertos in D & C Major Naxos 8.550769 Naxos 8.550059 Symphonies Nos. 72, 93 & 95 Trumpet Concerto in E flat Naxos 8.550797 Naxos 8.550243 Symphonies Nos. 82 “The Bear”, 96 “The Miracle” & 100 “Military” Piano Concertos Nos. 4, 7, 9 & 11 Naxos 8.550139 Naxos 8.550713 Symphonies Nos. 83 “The Hen”, 94 “Surprise” & 101 “The Clock” Naxos 8.550114 Symphonies Nos. 85, 92 & 103 Naxos 8.550387 Symphonies Nos. 97 and 98 Naxos 8.550780

6 8.556668 8.556668 7 Symphonies Nos. 30, 55 “The Schoolmaster” & 63 “La Roxelane” Concertos. Of Haydn’s concertos, the work written in 1796 for the newly developed Naxos 8.550757 and soon to be obsolete keyed trumpet, is the best known, closely rivalled by the two Symphonies Nos. 44 “Trauer”, 77 & 104 “London” surviving Cello Concertos, in D and in C. Three genuine Violin Concertos remain, in G, Naxos 8.550287 in C and in A, and one Horn Concerto. The keyboard concertos have recently entered Symphonies Nos. 45 “Farewell”, 48 “Maria Theresia” & 102 popular repertoire, in particular the Concerto in D major. They were originally designed Naxos 8.550382 either for organ or harpsichord and were written in the earlier part of Haydn’s career, Symphonies Nos. 53 “L’lmpériale”, 86 & 87 before his employment by the Esterházys. Naxos 8.550768 Symphonies Nos. 64 “Tempora Mutantur”, 84 & 90 √ Naxos 8.550770 Recommended Recordings Symphonies Nos. 69 “Laudon”, 89 & 91 Cello Concertos in D & C Major Naxos 8.550769 Naxos 8.550059 Symphonies Nos. 72, 93 & 95 Trumpet Concerto in E flat Naxos 8.550797 Naxos 8.550243 Symphonies Nos. 82 “The Bear”, 96 “The Miracle” & 100 “Military” Piano Concertos Nos. 4, 7, 9 & 11 Naxos 8.550139 Naxos 8.550713 Symphonies Nos. 83 “The Hen”, 94 “Surprise” & 101 “The Clock” Naxos 8.550114 Symphonies Nos. 85, 92 & 103 Naxos 8.550387 Symphonies Nos. 97 and 98 Naxos 8.550780

6 8.556668 8.556668 7 Chamber Music Orchestral Music Haydn was a prolific composer of chamber music, with a considerable number of Symphonies. Haydn’s 108 symphonies, written between 1759 and 1795, range from compositions for his principal patron, Prince Nikolaus Esterházy, who played the works written for the relatively modest local court orchestra of two oboes, two horns baryton, a bowed string instrument resembling a viola da gamba, with sympathetic and strings, to the greater complexity of his larger scale London Symphonies, the twelve strings that could also be plucked. The English scholar Dr. Burney suggested it as only written for performance in London under the direction of the German-born violinist and useful on a desert island, where a player could accompany a bowed melody with impresario Salomon during the composer’s two London visits. The London Symphonies plucked accompaniment, without other assistance. include a number of works with nicknames, No. 94, “The Surprise”, No. 96, “The For the more conventional string quartet Haydn wrote some 83 works, described Miracle”, No. 100, ”The Military”, No. 101, ”The Clock”, No. 103, “The Drumroll”, originally as divertimenti, but later dignified by the more serious title by which they are generally known. Once again nicknames reflect the continued popularity of many and No. 104, known as “The London” or “The Salomon”. Other named symphonies of these works. Sets of named quartets include the Sun Quartets of 1772, Op. 20, the that remain in regular concert repertoire include No. 92, “The Oxford” and Nos. 82, 83 Russian Quartets written in 1781, Op. 33, and including “The Joke” and “The Bird”, the and 84, “The Bear’’, “The Hen” and “La reine” (The Queen of France). Earlier named Prussian Quartets of 1787, Op. 50, much influenced by Mozart and including “The symphonies include the interesting Symphony No. 22, “The Philosopher”, which Frog”. There are three sets of Tost Quartets, Opp. 54, 55 and 64, bearing the name includes two cor anglais or English horns, tenor oboes in place of the normal higher- of the Esterháza violinist turned business-man Johann Tost. The Tost Quartets include pitched instrument, written in 1764, three years after “Le matin”, “Le midi” and “Le “The Razor” and ‘’The Lark”. Further sets of quartets were issued in 1793 and 1797, soir” (Morning, Noon and Evening), Nos. 6, 7 and 8. The “Farewell” Symphony, No. 45, The “Apponyi‘’, Opp. 71 and 74, including “The Rider’’, and the “Erdödy”, Op. 76, allows players, impatient for a return from Esterháza to their families at home, to leave including the “Fifths”, “Emperor” and “Sunrise”, both groups bearing the names of the platform one by one. Its immediate predecessor is the “Trauersinfonie”, Mourning aristocratic patrons. The Opus 1 Quartets were seemingly written between 1757 and Symphony, while No. 49, “La Passione”, reflects elements of Sturm und Drang, the 1761. The Seven Last Words of Christ on the Cross was arranged in string quartet form Storm and Stress movement in German literature and art of the period. from the original work for full orchestra, amplified with the addition of choral parts. It was written for performance in Cádiz on Good Friday 1787. √ Recommended Recordings In addition to a number of works for two violins and cello and 126 baryton trios, Haydn Symphonies Nos. 6 “Le Matin”, 7 “Le Midi” & 8 “Le Soir” wrote a number of attractive piano trios between 1784 and 1797. The best known of Naxos 8.550722 these last is the G major Trio with its so-called Gypsy Rondo. Symphonies Nos. 22 “The Philosopher”, 29 & 60 “II Distratto” Naxos 8.550724 Symphonies Nos. 23, 24 & 61 Naxos 8.550723 Symphonies Nos. 26 “Lamentatione”, 35 & 49 “La Passione” Naxos 8.550721

8 8.556668 8.556668 5 Stage Works √ Recommended Recordings Haydn’s two dozen operas have received rather less attention than many of his other String Quartets “Emperor”, “Fifths” & “Sunrise” works. Most of these were written for performance at Esterháza, either in the principal Naxos 8.550129 theatre or in the marionette theatre. String Quartets, Op. 1, Nos. 1-4 Naxos 8.550398 Vocal Music String Quartets, Op. 1, Nos. 5 & 6, Op. 2, Nos. 1 & 2 Haydn wrote a number of songs, providing nearly 400 British folk-song arrangements Naxos 8.550399 for the Edinburgh publisher Thomson, in addition to songs and cantatas in German String Quartets Op. 2, Nos. 4 & 6 and Op. 42 and English. The two sets of Canzonettas written in England in 1794 and 1795 include Naxos 8.550732 settings of verses by the wife of Haydn’s London surgeon, Hunter. String Quartets Op. 9, Nos. 1, 3 & 4 Naxos 8.550786 String Quartets Op. 9, Nos. 2, 5 & 6 Naxos 8.550787 String Quartets, Op. 20, Nos. 1-3 Naxos 8.550701 String Quartets, Op. 20, Nos. 4-6 Naxos 8.550702 String Quartets Op. 33, Nos. 1, 2 & 5 Naxos 8.550788 String Quartets Op. 33, Nos. 3, 4 & 6 Naxos 8.550789 String Quartets Op. 54 Nos. 1-3 Naxos 8.550395 String Quartets Op. 55 Nos. 1-3 Naxos 8.550397 String Quartets Op. 64 Nos. 1-3 Naxos 8.550673 String Quartets Op. 64 Nos. 4-6 Naxos 8.550674 String Quartets Op. 71 Nos. 1-3 Naxos 8.550394

4 8.556668 8.556668 9 String Quartets Op. 74 Nos. 1-3 Church Music Naxos 8.550396 Haydn’s duties as Kapellmeister to the Esterházy family involved the provision of church String Quartets Op. 76 Nos. 1-3 music, as well as music for entertainment. The Mass settings composed for the younger Naxos 8.550314 Prince Nikolaus include the well known Nelson Mass, celebrating the English admiral’s String Quartets Op. 76 Nos. 4-6 victory at the Battle of the Nile. Between 1796 and 1802 Haydn wrote seven Masses, all Naxos 8.550315 with popular German nicknames, “Heiligmesse”, “Paukenmesse”, “Coronation Mass”, String Quartets Op. 77, Nos. 1-2 Naxos 8.553146 “Theresienmesse”, “Schöpfungsmesse” and “Harmoniemesse”. String Quartets Op. 103, Op. 51 Seven Last Words Naxos 8.550346 Oratorios Haydn’s visits to London suggested to him the musical possibilities of oratorio, in the form perpetuated after Handel’s death by commemorative festival performances. The result was The Creation (Die Schöpfung), with a text by Baron van Swieten based on English sources, first performed in Vienna in 1798. The Seasons (Die Jahreszeiten), with a text by van Swieten based on James Thomson, was first performed in 1801. Haydn’s earlier oratorios include II ritorno di Tobia (The Return of Tobias), completed in 1775.

10 8.556668 8.556668 3 Franz Joseph Haydn 1732–1809 Keyboard Works Haydn composed nearly fifty keyboard sonatas, the earlier intended for harpsichord Various paternity charges have been levelled at the composer Haydn. His career and the last for the newly developed hammer-action fortepiano. The final works in this coincided with the development of classical style and forms, with the symphony, form include the so-called English Sonata in C major, written in 1795 during Haydn’s sonata, string quartet and other instrumental forms, in the moulding of which he played second visit to London. an important part. Born in Rohrau in 1732, the son of a wheelwright, he was trained as a chorister at St. Stephen’s Cathedral in Vienna, where he made his early living, √ Recommended Recordings before appointment to the small musical establishment of Count Morzin in 1759. In Piano Sonatas Nos. 36-41 1760 he entered the service of the Esterházy Princes, and succeeded to the position Naxos 8.553127 of Kapellmeister on the death of his predecessor and immediate superior Gregorius Piano Sonatas Nos. 42-47 Werner in 1766. Much of Haydn’s life now centred on the magnificent palace and estate Naxos 8.550844 at Esterháza, where his employer Prince Nikolaus Esterházy had moved his entourage Piano Sonatas Nos. 48-52 Naxos 8.553128 for most of the year. The death of the Prince in 1790 released Haydn and allowed travel Piano Sonatas Nos. 53-56 & 58; Un Piccolo Divertimento to London. There followed further service of the successors of Prince Nikolaus, now at Naxos 8.550845 the former residence at Eisenstadt, and concluding retirement in Vienna, where he died Piano Sonatas Nos. 59-62 in 1809, as the soldiers of Napoleon again entered the city. Naxos 8.550657

2 8.556668 8.556668 11 The Best of... Prokofi ev 8.556681 The Best of J. S. Bach 8.556656 Puccini 8.556670 Beethoven 8.556651 Rachmaninov 8.556682 Berlioz 8.556678 Ravel 8.556673 HAYDN Bizet 8.556671 Rimsky-Korsakov 8.556674 Brahms 8.556659 Rossini 8.556683 Surprise Chopin 8.556654 Saint-Saëns 8.556675 Symphony Debussy 8.556663 Schubert 8.556666 Farewell Dvo ák 8.556661 Schumann 8.556662 Symphony Elgar 8.556672 Shostakovich 8.556684 Cello Concerto Fauré 8.556679 Sibelius 8.556677 Grieg 8.556658 Johann Strauss II 8.556664 Emperor Quartet Handel 8.556665 Stravinsky 8.556685 Haydn 8.556668 Tchaikovsky 8.556652 Clock Symphony Liszt 8.556667 Verdi 8.556669 Piano Mendelssohn 8.556660 Vivaldi 8.556655 Concerto Mozart 8.556653 Wagner 8.556657 and others Paganini 8.556680 Weber 8.556676 DDD 8.556668