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International Pearl Millet Workshop Cover: Ex-Bornu, an important landracc population from the Bornu region of northeast Nigeria, which is extensively used as parental material in breeding programs in India. Proceedings of the International Pearl Millet Workshop 7-11 April 1986 ICRISAT Center, India Sponsored by USAID Title XII Collaborative Research Support Program on Sorghum and Pearl Millet (INTSORMIL) and International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh 502 324, India 1987 Correct citation: ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics). 1987. Proceedings of the International Pearl Millet Workshop, 7-11 April 1986, ICRISAT Center, India. Patancheru, A.P. 502 324, India: ICRISAT. Scientific Editor J.R. Witcombe Publication Editor Seth R. Beckerman ISBN 92-9066-134-8 The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics is a nonprofit scientific educational institute receiving support from donors through the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research. Donors to ICRISAT include governments and agencies of Australia, Belgium, Canada, Federal Republic of Germany, Finland, France, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, People's Republic of China, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States of America, and the following international and private organizations: Asian Development Bank, Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ), Global 2000 Inc., International Development Research Centre, International Fertilizer Development Center, International Fund for Agricultural Development, The European Economic Community, The Ford Foundation, The Leverhulme Trust, The Opec Fund for International Development, The Rocke- feller Foundation, The World Bank, United Nations Development Programme, and the University of Hohenheim. Information and conclusions in this publication do not necessarily reflect the position of the aforementioned governments, agencies, and international and private organizations. The opinions in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of ICRISAT. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of I C R I S A T concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Contents Welcome and inaugural address L.D.Swindale ix Welcome address D.J.Andrews xi Opening session Moderator's Overview: Pearl Millet J.M.J. de Wet 3 (Pennisetum glaucum) in Africa and India Pearl Millet in Indian Agriculture G.Harinarayana 5 Pearl Millet in African Agriculture D.S.C. Spencer 19 and M.V.K. Sivakumar Utilization of Wild Relatives of Pearl Millet W . W . Hanna 33 Food Quality and Consumer Acceptance L.W. Rooney 43 of Pearl Millet and C M . M c D o n o u g h Discussion 63 Improvement through Plant Breeding Moderator's Overview: Improvement through D.J.Andrews 67 Plant Breeding Diversity and Utilization of Pearl Millet K. Anand Kumar 69 Germplasm and S.Appa Rao Amelioration vari6tale du mil en Afrique Oumar Niangado 83 de l'Ouest et Botourou Ouendeba Varietal Improvement of Pearl Millet Oumar Niangado 95 in West Africa and Botourou Ouendeba Practical Recurrent Selection in Cross- W.A. Compton, 107 Pollinated Crops M . A . Thomas-Compton, and D.J. Andrews Pearl Millet Hybrids H.R. Dave 121 Breeding Pearl Millet Male-Sterile Lines K . N . Rai and N.B. Singh 127 Discussion 139 Biological Factors Affecting Pearl Millet Synthese de l'animateur O. Sidibe 143 Pearl Millet Entomology Insect Pests of Pearl Millet in Rajasthan S.K. Verma 294 Insect Pests of Pearl Millet in Peninsular India T.K. Murthi 294 Pearl Millet Entomology Research in Senegal R.T. Gahukar, V.S. Bhatnagar, 295 W.S. Bos, and M. NDoye The Status of Millet Entomology in Nigeria Olupomi Ajayi 295 Host-Plant Resistance to Pearl Millet Prem Kishore 296 Insect Pests in India Host-Plant Resistance to Insect Pests H.C. Sharma 297 in Pearl Millet Discussion 297 Pearl Millet for Fodder and Forage Production Using Genetic Markers on Pearl Millet Glenn W. Burton 298 Chromosomes to Locate and Transfer Heterotic Blocks for Forage Yield Developments and Lacunae in the Genetic V.P. Gupta 298 Improvement of Forage Pennisetums Breeding Photoperiod Responsive Varieties S.K. Gupta and R.N. Choubey 299 of Forage Pennisetums Breeding Sweet Pearl Millet Dual-Purpose M . N . Prasad 299 Varieties and P. Manivasakam New Approaches in Forage Breeding in Pearl Millet R.R. Vohra 300 Breeding Pennisetum pedicellatum for Forage A.P. Singh, P.D. Narain, 300 and S. Saran Pearl Millet Microbiology Potential of Associative Nitrogen Fixation P. Tauro 301 in Rainfed Cereals Factors Affecting Nitrogen Fixation Associated S.P. Wani 301 with Cereals Mycorrhiza in Cereals D.J. Bhagyaraj 302 Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis K.R. Krishna and K.K. Lee 302 in Relation to Pearl Millet Phosphorus Nutrition Interaction between Associative Nitrogen K.V.B.R. Tilak 303 Fixing Bacteria and Mycorrhiza in Cereals and M o h a n Singh Discussion 303 Pearl Millet Production in Drier Areas Characterizing Variability in Rainfall in Arid Zones A . K . S . Huda, S . M . Virmani, 305 and B.V. Ramana Rao Improving Millet-Based Cropping Systems S.V.R. Shetty, B. Keita, 306 in the Sahelo-Sudanian Zone of Mali A.A. Sow, and P.G. Serafini Cropping Systems of Pearl Millet in Arid H.S. Daulay and A. Henry 306 Zones of Rajasthan Breeding Pearl Millet Varieties for Arid Zones M.B.L. Saxena 307 Breeding Pearl Millet for Drought in the Sudan El Hag H. Abu-el-gasim 307 and R.P.Jain Discussion 308 Pearl Millet Pathology Disease Incidence on Pearl Millet in Niger Peter Reckhaus 309 during 1981-1985 Recherches sur la resistance varietale D.F. MBaye 309 du mil aux maladies au Senegal Research on Pearl Millet Varietal Disease D.F. MBaye 310 Resistance in Senegal The Pathology of Pearl Millet in Nigeria S.K. Manzo and P.D. Tyagi 310 Research on the Management of Pearl Millet J.C. Selvaraj 311 Diseases in West Africa Preponderence of D o w n y Mildew of Pearl S.B. Mathur, D.P. Thakur, 312 Millet in Delhi and Haryana and Janaki Kandhari Sources of Resistance to D o w n y Mildew N.B. Pawar and S.S. Ghuge 312 f r o m Local Land races of Pearl Millet Stunt and Counter-Stunt Symptoms in S.L. Ball 313 Pearl Millet D o w n y Mildew Studies on Pearl Millet Rust K.B. Sharma and V . N . Pathak 313 The Pertinence of Gynoecial Structure J. Willingale 314 and Pollination Dynamics to Ovary Infection of Pearl Millet by Ergot Screening Pearl Millet for Resistance K.V. Ramaiah and J. Werder 314 to Striga hermonthica in West Africa Pearl Millet as a Crop for Intensive Agriculture Pearl Millet Cultivation in Tamil Nadu V. Subramaniam 315 Potential and Prospects of Pearl Millet J.C. Patel, H.R. Dave, 316 as a Crop for Intensive Agriculture in Gujarat and D . D . Malavia The Potential of Pearl Millet as a Grain Crop W . D . Stegmeier, B. Khaleeq, 316 in the Central Great Plains of the USA and T.L.Harvey Strategy to Raise Pearl Millet Productivity K.R. Chopra 317 through Intensive Agriculture Agronomy for the Realization of Yield Choong Woon Hong 317 Potential of Pearl M i l l e t — A Speculation La culture du mil—face aux contraintes A. Thiam et S.C.Gupta 318 de l'agriculture intensive Constaints to Intensive Cultivation of Pearl Millet A.Thiam and S.C.Gupta 319 Plenary Session 321 Pearl Millet Production Survey 331 Participants 343 Welcome and Inaugural Address L.D. Swindale1 It is my pleasure to welcome y o u a l l to I C R I S A T and to this first session of the International Pearl M i l l e t W o r k s h o p . This is the dry and hot season for us here at Hyderabad; the season between the end of winter and the c o m i n g of rains late in June. A time when we are reminded of the tropical nature and even sometimes the nearly arid nature of our environments, but when we also have the hope and promise o f better days ahead once the rains begin to f a l l . Y o u w i l l see little experimental w o r k in the fields right n o w for obvious reasons, but our pearl millet program has w o r k e d diligently to provide y o u w i t h a series of demonstration plots in order to show y o u various aspects of our w o r k . A l t h o u g h there is little experimental w o r k going on in the field, there is a great deal g o i n g on in preparing for the season. It is indeed a very busy time in I C R I S A T as it must be in your o w n institutes as well. I hope y o u w i l l take the opportunities that come to y o u d u r i n g the week to l o o k around I C R I S A T to familiarize yourself w i t h what we have here, meet your colleagues and talk about pearl millet and how we may w o r k together on this crop. It is the fifth most important cereal. It is particularly i m p o r t a n t in A f r i c a , and again most particularly in West Africa.
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