E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 105 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION

Vol. 143 WASHINGTON, FRIDAY, JUNE 20, 1997 No. 87 House of Representatives The Chaplain, Rev. James David Mr. BALLENGER led the Pledge of Al- I do not understand why the Repub- FORD, D.D., offered the following pray- legiance as follows: licans are so desperate to keep these er: I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the working families from getting tax We begin this day, O gracious God, United States of America, and to the Repub- breaks. I suspect it is because they are with thankful hearts for the days that lic for which it stands, one nation under God, trying to funnel every dollar they can have passed, with anticipation for what indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. right back to their wealthy contribu- tomorrow will bring, and with appre- f tors. ciation for the opportunities of today. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE I would say, Mr. Speaker, we should With all the pressures of modern life welcome ourselves to the Republican and with all the needs that are yet un- A message from the Senate by Mr. Congress where tax breaks for strug- done, we know that You grant us the Lundregan, one of its clerks announced gling working families are welfare, but resources for the responsibilities of the that the Senate had passed a bill of the massive capital gains and estate tax day and You free our hearts and souls following title, in which the concur- breaks for the very rich are an impor- with grace and peace and love. Grant rence of the House is requested: tant national policy. to us and every person, O God, these S. 858. An act to authorize appropriations gifts and bless us along life’s way. for fiscal year 1998 for intelligence and intel- f ligence-related activities of the United Amen. States Government, the Community Man- f agement Account, and the Central Intel- NO TAX BREAKS FOR THOSE WHO THE JOURNAL ligence Agency Retirement and Disability DO NOT PAY TAXES System, and for other purposes. The SPEAKER. The Chair has exam- f (Mr. BALLENGER asked and was ined the Journal of the last day’s pro- given permission to address the House ceedings and announces to the House ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER for 1 minute.) his approval thereof. The SPEAKER. The Chair will enter- Mr. BALLENGER. Mr. Speaker, Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the Jour- tain five 1-minutes on each side. there are actually some Democrats nal stands approved. f who are outraged that those who pay Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, pursuant no Federal income tax will not benefit REPUBLICAN TAX BILL NEEDS to clause 1, rule I, I demand a vote on from the tax credits that are contained LOTS OF WORK agreeing to the Speaker’s approval of in the Republican tax cut plan. the Journal. (Mr. PALLONE asked and was given Let us think about this for a minute. The SPEAKER. The question is on permission to address the House for 1 If one pays no Federal income tax, the Chair’s approval of the Journal. minute.) should I be upset because I am not get- The question was taken; and the Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, the ting a tax cut? This, in my view, is Speaker announced that the ayes ap- House is expected to vote next week on what we call the mother of all entitle- peared to have it. a Republican tax bill that gives more ment mentalities. It is kind of like Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, I object to than half of its benefits to the wealthi- complaining about not having a head- the vote on the ground that a quorum est 5 percent of Americans. Because the ache because some great new aspirin is not present and make the point of Republicans do not know how to defend product is not going to do anything for order that a quorum is not present. themselves against charges that their you. Talk about not fair. The SPEAKER. Pursuant to clause 5, bill short-changes working families, So let us see if I got this straight. It rule I, further proceedings on this ques- Republicans are firing back with the is about 9 o’clock on the night of April tion will be postponed. blatantly false charge that tax breaks 14 and I am filling out my 1040 and I fi- The point of no quorum is considered for millions of working families would nally get through the form, and at first withdrawn. be welfare payments. I am happy as a lottery winner when I f I would tell my colleagues that the find that there is no income tax this Republican bill denies the $500 child year being paid by me. Fat zero. Then PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE tax credit to 20 million working fami- I realize hey, wait a minute. This is not The SPEAKER. Will the gentleman lies, because it does not let them count fair. If Congress passes a tax cut, I will from North Carolina [Mr. BALLENGER] the credit against their payroll taxes. not get one because I do not pay any come forward and lead the House in the This is the Federal taxes that are de- taxes. Suddenly now I am sad. I guess Pledge of Allegiance. ducted from the worker’s paycheck. I am not as lucky as I thought.

b This symbol represents the time of day during the House proceedings, e.g., b 1407 is 2:07 p.m. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor.

H4089 H4090 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 FAIR PAY ACT democracy, they were able to set com- That is not right, it is not fair, and it (Ms. VELA´ ZQUEZ asked and was munism aside. Mr. Speaker, those is not just. That is not what the Amer- given permission to address the House great triumphs are now in danger. The ican people want. Democrats want a for 1 minute and to revise and extend Communist Party in Albania vowed to tax cut for the middle class, for work- her remarks.) disregard the outcome of the June 29 ing families. These are the people who Ms. VELA´ ZQUEZ. Mr. Speaker, while elections unless the Communist Party deserve tax relief. Let us not give away the Republicans are trying to give huge wins. the store to millionaires like Rush Mr. Speaker, this is a great tragedy, tax breaks to the rich, working people Limbaugh and other yacht-owning and this is a danger for the entire free struggle to make ends meet. While the junk bond traders and Rolls Royce world. Albania can become the next Republicans attempt to deny the mini- drivers. Say no to the Republican tax Bosnia. Congress must ensure free and mum wage to women trying to move break bill. open elections in Albania. Congress from welfare to work, the challenge for f must support Speaker Arbnori, and in working women to achieve pay equity addition, the Congress of the United BIG HAT, NO CATTLE; NOT MUCH becomes more difficult. States should support admitting a free, BEHIND THE DEMOCRATS’ RHET- For Hispanic women, the challenge is open, and democratic Albania into ORIC greater still. Tomorrow, June 21, will NATO. The Albanians have set com- (Mr. GIBBONS asked and was given mark the day when Hispanic women munism aside. Congress must join to permission to address the House for 1 earn what white men earned the year help the freedom fighters in Albania. minute and to revise and extend his re- before for comparable work, and His- f marks.) panic women, they pay payroll taxes. Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I am That is taxes. REDUCE TAXES ON SMALL told in Texas they have a saying that We know that discrimination is BUSINESSES means ‘‘All talk but no action.’’ In wrong, but employers continue to get (Mr. PAPPAS asked and was given classic Texan, they say, ‘‘Big hat, no away with wage discrimination despite permission to address the House for 1 cattle.’’ To me that means there is not the passage of the Equal Pay Act 30 minute and to revise and extend his re- much behind the rhetoric. years ago. marks.) Mr. Speaker, I am from the great Today I rise in support of the Fair Mr. PAPPAS. Mr. Speaker, most peo- State of Nevada, but I am pretty sure Pay Act, which requires employers to ple on Main Street in my district in that the people of Texas are talking pay equal wages for compatible work. central New Jersey understand who the about the Democrats when they talk While the Republicans try to keep real job creators are. They know that about taxes. Sure, they are all for women from even earning the mini- the little shops just starting out, small them, they say, but when it comes to mum wage, the Democrats are fighting businesses struggling to get by, and giving the middle-class families some to provide fairness for working women. people who have decided to work out of real tax relief, all of a sudden the mid- their homes are aware of where most of f dle-class tax cuts get magically trans- the jobs are. More jobs are created in formed into tax cuts for the wealthy. ANY EXCUSE IS A GOOD EXCUSE those areas than anywhere else in the Middle-class taxpayers in my district (Mr. TIAHRT asked and was given economy. are starting to scratch their heads permission to address the House for 1 The kicker is that these small busi- when they hear that some people in minute and to revise and extend his re- nesses, mom and pop enterprises that Washington think they should not get marks.) are slowly built up over a lifetime, tax relief because suddenly they are Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Speaker, any ex- sometimes cannot get passed on to the rich. cuse is a good excuse if one does not their children when they die. For all I think I understand what so many of want to do something. Let us see. What these reasons we need tax relief for the them start questioning, whether some is today’s excuse for voting against tax real engines of our economy, small of the people who claim to be for mid- relief? businesses: death tax relief, capital dle-class tax cuts are really sincere. Well, the tax relief is going for the gains tax relief, and the new home of- Big hat, no cattle. I think Texans are wealthy. We cannot give the rich a tax fice tax deduction for people giving it a onto something here. break. Well, who are these so-called go on their own. Let us pass this kind rich? Liberals say that if one makes of tax relief this year. That is why I am f more than $40,000 per year, one is rich. here. That is what the American people REPUBLICANS WILL PROVIDE TAX Well, that is bad news for the aircraft expect. BREAKS AND TAX CUTS TO THE workers in Wichita, the air capital of f RICHEST IN AMERICA the world, bad news because this will TAX RELIEF FOR THOSE WHO (Ms. DELAURO asked and was given be the third weekend this month that NEED IT MOST permission to address the House for 1 single mothers have gone to work to minute and to revise and extend her re- work overtime, the third weekend they (Mr. LEWIS of Georgia asked and was given permission to address the House marks.) will miss spending time with their for 1 minute and to revise and extend Ms. DELAURO. Mr. Speaker, let us be three children. They are just working his remarks.) clear about the bogus arguments of my to make ends meet, and somehow, Mr. LEWIS of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, colleagues on the other side of the somehow they thought being rich the American people want tax relief. aisle. The fact of the matter is that if would be just a little bit better. They want lower taxes, but Mr. Speak- you do not pay Federal taxes, income No tax relief for the wealthy. Mr. er, the American people want a tax cut tax or a payroll tax, you are not eligi- Speaker, any excuse is a good excuse that goes to the people who need it ble for a child tax credit in the Demo- when you do not want to do something. most, American working families. The cratic proposal. If you do work and pay f Republican tax bill is a boom for Wall taxes, in fact you are eligible for the b 0915 Street, but a bust for Main Street. child tax credit. The Republican tax bill gives little Let them not pull the wool over peo- SUPPORT DEMOCRACY IN ALBANIA relief to the working people, people ples’ eyes, while they want to provide (Mr. TRAFICANT asked and was struggling to pay a mortgage, a car tax breaks and tax cuts to the richest given permission to address the House loan, their credit card bills, and send 1 percent of the people in this country, for 1 minute and to revise and extend their kids to college. The Republican those who make over $247,000. That is his remarks.) tax bill gives most of the tax breaks to where the bulk of their tax break goes. Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, since the wealthiest people in America. Al- What they have done is they have cut 1992 Albania has evolved into a democ- most 60 percent of the Republican tax back on the child care tax credit for racy. Inspired by their dynamic leader, credits goes to the the wealthiest 5 per- working families; two people in the Speaker of Parliament Arbnori, who cent of Americans, people who on aver- workplace who have to be there for spent 25 years in prison struggling for age earn $250,000 a year. economic reasons, they have cut back June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4091 that child care tax credit. They have Kanjorski Molinari Scott b 0945 Kaptur Mollohan Sensenbrenner cut back the education tax credit, the Kasich Moran (VA) Serrano So the Journal was approved. HOPE scholarships to allow working Kelly Morella Sessions The result of the vote was announced families to get their children to school, Kennedy (MA) Murtha Shadegg as above recorded. in an effort to provide a tax cut to the Kennedy (RI) Myrick Shaw Kennelly Nadler Shays f richest 1 percent of the people in this Kildee Neal Sherman country. It is wrong and we should not Kilpatrick Nethercutt Shimkus PERSONAL EXPLANATION let it happen. Kim Neumann Shuster Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I was necessarily Kind (WI) Ney Sisisky f King (NY) Northup Skaggs absent during rollcall vote 218. If present, I Kingston Norwood Skeen would have voted ``aye'' on rollcall 218. THE JOURNAL Kleczka Obey Skelton f Klink Olver Slaughter The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Klug Ortiz Smith (MI) PROVIDING SPECIAL INVESTIGA- LAHOOD). Pursuant to clause 5 of rule I, Knollenberg Owens Smith (TX) TIVE AUTHORITIES FOR COMMIT- LaFalce Oxley Smith, Adam the pending business is the question de LaHood Packard Smith, Linda TEE ON GOVERNMENT REFORM novo of the Speaker’s approval of the Lampson Pappas Snowbarger AND OVERSIGHT Lantos Parker Snyder Journal. Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, by The question is on the Speaker’s ap- Largent Pastor Solomon Latham Paul Souder direction of the Committee on Rules, I proval of the Journal of the last day’s LaTourette Paxon Spence call up House Resolution 167 and ask proceedings. Lazio Payne Spratt for its immediate consideration. The question was taken; and the Leach Pease Stabenow Levin Pelosi Stokes The Clerk read the resolution, as fol- Speaker pro tempore announced that Lewis (CA) Peterson (MN) Strickland lows: the ayes appeared to have it. Lewis (KY) Peterson (PA) Stump H. RES. 167 Mr. PAPPAS. Mr. Speaker, I object Linder Petri Stupak Livingston Pickering Talent Resolved, to the vote on the ground that a Lofgren Pitts Tanner quorum is not present and make the SECTION 1. APPLICATION. Lowey Portman Tauscher This resolution shall apply to the inves- Lucas Price (NC) point of order that a quorum is not Thomas tigation by the Committee on Government present. Luther Pryce (OH) Thornberry Maloney (CT) Quinn Thune Reform and Oversight of political fundrais- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evi- Manton Radanovich Thurman ing improprieties and possible violations of dently a quorum is not present. Manzullo Rahall Tierney law. The Sergeant at Arms will notify ab- Mascara Rangel Towns SEC. 2. HANDLING OF INFORMATION. Matsui Redmond Traficant Information obtained under the authority sent Members. McCarthy (MO) Regula Turner The vote was taken by electronic de- McCarthy (NY) Reyes Upton of this resolution shall be— vice, and there were—yeas 336, nays 49, McCollum Riley Velazquez (1) considered as taken by the Committee not voting 49, as follows: McCrery Rivers Vento on Government Reform and Oversight in the McGovern Rodriguez Walsh District of Columbia, as well as at the loca- [Roll No. 218] McHale Roemer Watkins tion actually taken; and YEAS—336 McHugh Rogan Watts (OK) (2) considered as taken in executive ses- McInnis Rogers Waxman sion. Aderholt Chambliss Frelinghuysen McIntosh Rohrabacher Weldon (FL) Allen Christensen Frost McIntyre Ros-Lehtinen Weldon (PA) SEC. 3. DEPOSITIONS AND INTERROGATORIES. Andrews Clement Furse McKeon Rothman Wexler The chairman of the Committee on Gov- Archer Clyburn Gallegly McKinney Roukema Weygand ernment Reform and Oversight, after con- Armey Coble Ganske Meehan Roybal-Allard White sultation with the ranking minority member Bachus Coburn Gejdenson Metcalf Ryun Whitfield of the committee, may— Baesler Collins Gibbons Mica Salmon Wicker Baker Combest Gilchrest (1) order the taking of depositions or inter- Millender- Sanders Wise rogatories anywhere within the United Baldacci Condit Gilman McDonald Sandlin Wolf Ballenger Cook Gonzalez Miller (FL) Sanford Woolsey States, under oath and pursuant to notice or Barcia Cooksey Goode Minge Sawyer Wynn subpoena; and Barr Costello Goodlatte Mink Saxton Young (FL) (2) designate a member of the committee Barrett (NE) Cox Goodling Moakley Schaefer, Dan or an attorney on the staff of the committee Barrett (WI) Cramer Gordon to conduct any such proceeding. Bartlett Cummings Graham NAYS—49 Barton Cunningham Granger SEC. 4. INTERNATIONAL AUTHORITIES. Bass Danner Greenwood Abercrombie Gutierrez Pickett The chairman of the Committee on Gov- Bateman Davis (FL) Hall (OH) Borski Gutknecht Poshard ernment Reform and Oversight, after con- Bentsen Davis (IL) Hall (TX) Brown (CA) Hefley Ramstad Brown (OH) Hilliard Rush sultation with the ranking minority member Bereuter Davis (VA) Hamilton of the committee, may— Berman Deal Hansen Chenoweth Hoekstra Sabo Berry Delahunt Harman Clay Hulshof Schaffer, Bob (1) order the taking of depositions and Bilbray DeLauro Hastert DeFazio Johnson, E. B. Stearns other testimony under oath anywhere out- Bilirakis DeLay Hastings (FL) English Kucinich Sununu side the United States; and Bishop Dellums Hastings (WA) Ensign Lewis (GA) Taylor (MS) (2) make application for issuance of letters Blagojevich Deutsch Hayworth Fazio LoBiondo Thompson rogatory, and request, through appropriate Bliley Diaz-Balart Hefner Filner Maloney (NY) Tiahrt Foglietta McDermott Visclosky channels, other means of international as- Blumenauer Dickey Hill sistance, as appropriate. Boehlert Dicks Hilleary Forbes McNulty Wamp Boehner Dingell Hinchey Fox Meek Watt (NC) The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Gephardt Moran (KS) Weller Bonilla Doggett Hinojosa LAHOOD). The gentlewoman from Ohio Bonior Dooley Hobson Gillmor Nussle [Ms. PRYCE] is recognized for 1 hour. Bono Doyle Holden Green Pallone Boswell Dreier Hooley Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, for NOT VOTING—49 Boucher Duncan Horn the purpose of debate only, I yield the Boyd Edwards Hostettler Ackerman Gekas Royce customary 30 minutes to the gen- Brady Ehlers Houghton Becerra Goss Sanchez Bryant Ehrlich Hoyer Blunt Herger Scarborough tleman from Massachusetts [Mr. MOAK- Bunning Emerson Hunter Brown (FL) Johnson, Sam Schiff LEY], my good friend and the distin- Burton Eshoo Hutchinson Burr Kolbe Schumer guished ranking minority member of Buyer Etheridge Hyde Clayton Lipinski Smith (NJ) the Committee on Rules, pending Callahan Evans Inglis Conyers Markey Smith (OR) Calvert Everett Istook Coyne Martinez Stark which I yield myself such time as I Camp Ewing Jackson (IL) Crane McDade Stenholm may consume. During consideration of Campbell Farr Jackson-Lee Crapo Menendez Tauzin this resolution, all time yielded is for Canady Fattah (TX) Cubin Miller (CA) Taylor (NC) Cannon Fawell Jefferson DeGette Oberstar Torres the purpose of debate only. Capps Flake Jenkins Dixon Pascrell Waters GENERAL LEAVE Cardin Foley John Doolittle Pombo Yates Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I Carson Ford Johnson (CT) Dunn Pomeroy Young (AK) Castle Fowler Johnson (WI) Engel Porter ask unanimous consent that all Mem- Chabot Frank (MA) Jones Franks (NJ) Riggs bers may have 5 legislative days within H4092 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 which to revise and extend their re- mony quickly and confidently without the need to gather evidentiary infor- marks on H. Res. 167, and that I may be the need for lengthy and possibly mation from abroad justified granting permitted to insert extraneous mate- unfocused hearings. special authorities to the investigating rials in the RECORD following my re- The Committee on Government Re- committee. In just the last Congress, marks. form and Oversight at the present time staff deposition authority and the abil- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there is deeply involved in a massive inves- ity to gather evidence abroad were objection to the request of the gentle- tigation focused on the use of illegal granted for the Bosnia select sub- woman from Ohio? foreign contributions to influence committee, investigating the White There was no objection. American policy, which also includes House Travel Office matter, for the Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, matters relating to potential illegal or Senate Whitewater investigation, and House Resolution 167 is a straight- improper political fund-raising, related the list goes on. forward resolution designed to provide activities involving the White House Like so many Americans, we on the special investigative authorities for and other Federal agencies, the im- Committee on Rules are very con- the Committee on Government Reform proper use of official resources, poten- cerned about the numerous allegations and Oversight. In most cases, the tial interference with Government in- that lay at the heart of this investiga- standing rules of the House provide vestigation, and many other related tion, and we are equally alarmed that committees with the tools they need to matters. As the principal investigatory our national security may have been carry out formal investigations, in- body of the House, this is the commit- severely compromised in this affair. As cluding the power to issue subpoenas. tee’s statutory obligation. a result, the Committee on Rules has But in circumstances such as this, the As our colleagues know, serious ques- responded with a fair, responsible reso- complexity and scope of congressional tions of national policy and national lution that, No. 1, conforms with the inquiry require that special authorities security have arisen as daily revela- investigating committee’s own rules; be granted to ensure that investiga- tions disclose more troubling facts No. 2, does not depart in any signifi- tions are conducted thoroughly and about the unusual access that ques- cant way from previous House practice; that they are not unduly prolonged. tionable individuals had to high-rank- and, No. 3, that is designed to assist This resolution applies only to the ing White House and administration of- the investigating committee in finding Committee on Government Reform and ficials. The threats to national secu- answers to these and other troubling Oversight’s current investigation of po- rity are a very troubling matter, Mr. questions. litical fund-raising abuses and possible Speaker, and I know the gentleman In closing, Mr. Speaker, I would urge violations of Federal law, and it is di- from New York [Mr. SOLOMON] will my colleagues to support this straight- vided into three basic parts: have more to say about that in just a forward resolution. It is an honest at- First, the resolution states that in- few minutes. tempt to balance efficiency, expediency formation obtained under its authority These disturbing questions and alle- and fairness without trampling on the shall be considered as taken by the gations clearly point to the need for rules of the House or on the basic committee in the District of Columbia the resolution that is now before us. rights of the minority. I urge a ‘‘yes’’ and that the information shall be con- Due to the sheer magnitude and sever- vote on this very important resolution. sidered as taken in executive session of ity of the revelations from the execu- Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of the committee. tive branch, and the need to bolster the my time. Second, the resolution authorizes the ability of the Committee on Govern- Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield chairman, after consultation with the ment Reform and Oversight to properly myself such time as I may consume, ranking minority member, to order the investigate this matter, the Committee and I thank my colleague and dear taking of depositions or interrogatories on Rules is compelled to bring this res- friend, the gentlewoman from Ohio anywhere within the United States, olution today. [Ms. PRYCE] for yielding me the cus- under oath and pursuant to notice or Mr. Speaker, when the Committee on tomary half hour. subpoena, and to designate a member Rules marked up this resolution yes- Mr. Speaker, I want to begin by com- of the committee or staff attorney to terday, our colleagues in the minority plimenting my chairman, the gen- conduct any such proceeding. raised several concerns, and I recognize tleman from New York [Mr. SOLOMON], Finally, because it may be necessary their sincerity; but I would hasten to for making some improvements to the to seek evidence beyond our borders, add this resolution is not only backed first draft of this resolution that came the resolution authorizes the chair- by ample precedent, it is also justifi- to the Committee on Rules. That pro- man, again after consultation with the ably warranted given the enormous posal was even more outrageous than ranking minority member, to order the amount of ground that the Burton in- this one. The Committee on Govern- taking of depositions and other testi- vestigation must cover. We owe it to ment Reform and Oversight actually mony, under oath, anywhere outside the integrity of Congress’ investiga- wanted access to tax records of all the the United States, and to make appli- tory process to make certain that the witnesses that appear before them, but cation for issuance of letters rogatory, investigation is conducted as officially the gentleman from New York wisely, and to request, through the appro- as possible and in a manner that will living up to his name, said no, and he priate channels, other means of inter- guard against any dilatory tactics that was right to do so. national assistance. may be employed by those who oppose But despite that improvement, I am In the view of the Committee on this investigation. urging my colleagues to defeat this res- Rules, the need for deposition author- Mr. Speaker, as a former judge, I rec- olution and not to grant special inves- ity in this case is clearly justified. The ognize the importance of basing our ac- tigative powers to the Committee on investigation concerns a series of com- tions on past precedent, and our com- Government Reform and Oversight. My plex matters that necessitate the tak- mittee staff has worked diligently to colleagues say they want to clean up ing of testimony of numerous key wit- ensure that this resolution is in keep- campaign practices. We should cer- nesses under oath. For major wide- ing with previous House practice. As tainly do that, but the additional pow- ranging investigations such as this, the our committee report points out, there ers we are considering today far exceed House has historically provided deposi- have been many cases where special in- what is required to ensure clean cam- tion authority in order to facilitate the vestigative authorities were granted. paign practices, if that is indeed the fact-finding process. Since 1974, there have been at least 10 goal. Because of the potentially hundreds major investigations undertaken by I am not sure, Mr. Speaker, what the of witnesses who will need to be de- the House where the membership deter- goal is, because although the scope of posed, it would not only be impractical mined that additional authorities be- the investigation is political fundrais- but physically impossible for Members yond those provided in House rules ing improprieties, what worries me is to be present at every step and to en- were needed to ensure a thorough and how that scope is defined. It seems to gage in time-consuming depositions. In complete inquiry. be only alleged improprieties on the this way, staff depositions will allow In at least six major investigations part of Democrats, not improprieties the committee to obtain sworn testi- since 1975, the House concluded that on the part of Republicans. June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4093 In the report the Committee on Rules their investigations without being House has historically provided deposi- presented to us just yesterday, 12 pages granted these very unusual powers, I tion authority in order to expedite the were dedicated to a long list of alleged believe that the Committee on Govern- fact-finding process. As opposed to Democratic activities and there was ment Reform and Oversight in this lengthy and possibly unfocused hear- only mention of one Republican activ- Congress should be no different. ings, the deposition process allows the ity, although we know that there are For that reason, Mr. Speaker, I will committee to obtain testimony under more than just a few of those activities try to defeat the previous question in oath both quickly and confidentially. out there. order to require that the Committee on Mr. Speaker, this is a very serious matter. I think it is important that we b 1000 Government Reform and Oversight adopt the same rules that Chairman all support it. We are simply trying to So in terms of this investigation, the Clinger used last Congress. These rules provide tools for the committee to Republican committee does not know worked perfectly, and they protected make it easier, to make it possible, in what exactly they are investigating, the rights of the witnesses and they fact, for the committee to get to the they just know who they are inves- protected the rights of the minority. truth. I strongly urge the adoption of tigating. They do not seem to be out to This investigation should be no dif- this resolution and urge my colleagues get facts as much as they are out to get ferent. to vote for it. Democrats. It is very clear to me, Mr. So I urge my colleagues to oppose Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield Speaker, after the number of subpoenas granting unprecedented powers to the 41⁄2 minutes to the gentleman from that have been issued, it is very clear Committee on Government Reform and California [Mr. WAXMAN], the ranking who they are after in the way the Com- Oversight and defeat the previous ques- member of the Committee on Govern- mittee on Rules report is written. It is tion. ment Reform and Oversight. clear they are after who they are after Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in in the questioning of witnesses. my time. strong opposition to this resolution. Mr. Speaker, if it is clear who the Re- Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I The majority is establishing proce- publican leadership is after but it is yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from dures for the House campaign finance not exactly clear what they are after, Florida [Mr. DIAZ-BALART]. investigation that have no precedent. then this is a lot more partisan fishing Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I Those procedures allow the gentleman expedition and a lot less of a serious in- rise to support this resolution. It is a from Indiana [Mr. BURTON] to act uni- vestigation. We seriously, certainly, do resolution that provides tools needed laterally, and they ensure that the mi- not need any more partisan fishing ex- by the Committee on Government Re- nority will have no real voice in the peditions, particularly partisan fishing form and Oversight so that it may con- committee’s work. expeditions that violate the rights of duct a proper, fair, and thorough inves- The gentleman from Indiana [Mr. the witnesses and virtually ignore the tigation of political fund-raising im- BURTON] alone is being given the au- minority. proprieties and other possible viola- thority to subpoena any document he The chairman of the committee, and tions of the law. wants or any witness he chooses to de- I would like everybody to pay atten- Staff deposition authority is not pose. He can make those decisions tion to this, the chairman of the com- something new for a committee to be without any committee debate or any mittee has already issued more unilat- granted. There are several examples committee vote. These procedures deny eral subpoenas than any other Member from a few Republican, but mostly the minority even the chance of debat- in the history of the House of Rep- Democratic, controlled majorities in ing or appealing the decisions of Chair- resentatives, 165 unilateral subpoenas which this practice was used, consist- man BURTON to the other 23 Republican to be exact; and he has also conducted ent with what this resolution provides. members of the committee. And when interviews. But the Democrats on that The impeachment proceedings of Presi- the minority wants to issue a subpoena committee do not know exactly how dent Nixon, the House assassinations of its own, it can only ask Chairman many because they were not consulted. inquiry, and Koreagate are all in- BURTON to do so. If he says no, there is Mr. Speaker, this is no way to con- stances from the 1970s in which similar no opportunity for the minority to de- duct a fair bipartisan investigation. I staff deposition authority was utilized. bate the issue or take it to a commit- realize that none of this investigating In the 1980’s, there were, among oth- tee vote. is very pleasant business. Frankly, I do ers, the Iran-Contra committee and the That is all the minority is asking for, not think Congress should conduct so Abscam investigations. And more re- an opportunity for the committee, and many investigations and pass so few cently, this authority for the taking of not just the chairman, to decide impor- laws. But if that is the way the Repub- depositions by staff attorneys was tant questions. That is why in commit- lican leadership wants to do things, if practiced by the October Surprise Task tee we offered the Clinger language they want to spend millions upon mil- Force, the White House Travel Office adopted by the Republican majority in lions of dollars looking for something, matter investigation, and the Bosnia 1996, when the Committee on Govern- then by all means they should be fair select subcommittee. ment Reform and Oversight used sub- about it, they should protect the rights As for the international aspects of poena power for depositions for the of the witnesses and at least pretend the investigation, there are also sev- very first time in its history. the investigation is bipartisan. eral cases of similar precedence, in- That precedent, which Chairman Because if they do not, Mr. Speaker, cluding the Church Committee, the Clinger wrote, memorializes the long- if they continue the way they are House assassinations inquiry, standing practice of this committee to going, absolutely no one is going to be- Koreagate, Abscam, Iran-Contra, the seek a consensus on the issuance of a lieve the outcome of this so-called in- October Surprise Task Force, and the subpoena, provided that subpoenas for vestigation, if anything other than op- Senate Whitewater investigation. depositions would only be issued if the position research is left for the next It is important to keep in mind why minority concurred or if the commit- campaign. And it is very possible, Mr. deposition authority is needed by the tee voted to issue one. Speaker, to conduct a better investiga- Committee on Government Reform and Last year, that language was pro- tion. Oversight. This investigation, Mr. posed by a Republican chairman, rati- The Iran-Contra hearings, the Octo- Speaker, concerns matters of very seri- fied by the Republican majority in ber Surprise hearings, and even the ous national security which require the committee and in the House, and im- Bosnia arms transfer investigation sworn testimony of numerous key wit- plemented without any problem during were conducted with joint cooperation nesses. the travel office investigation. This of the majority and minority. They Let us remember that there are seri- year, we told Chairman BURTON that managed to protect witnesses’ rights. ous allegations that even national se- we would support his request for sub- They managed to define the scope. And curity secrets were leaked, for exam- poena power if he followed that com- they managed to cut with the minor- ple, to the Chinese Government in ex- mon-sense process. It did not give the ity. And since the committees and the change for campaign contributions. In minority a veto, it only gave us a last Congress managed to complete serious investigations such as this, the chance to be heard. H4094 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 That is why the House has always Mr. Speaker, at the outset of this de- consistent with 10 House precedents in conducted its investigations in this bate, I want to commend the gen- major congressional investigations, manner. As this chart indicates, from tleman from Indiana [Mr. BURTON]. He dating all the way back to 1974, in ad- 1971 to 1994, no Democratic chairman has one of the toughest jobs in this dressing investigations of Republicans ever issued a unilateral subpoena, Congress. And I would remind my mi- and Democratic administrations. never. But since February, Chairman nority colleagues of the grave institu- My colleagues, there has been a re- BURTON has issued 156 unilateral sub- tional importance of this inquiry. Any- luctance, even a refusal, of some to co- poenas for documents. And he is now body that does not think so had better operate in perfectly necessary and le- threatening to issue hundreds and hun- think twice. gitimate congressional inquiry. The dreds of subpoenas without any debate As my colleagues know, Congress’ committee has been faced with fifth or committee approval for depositions. authority to investigate is derived amendment claims, people taking the No Member of Congress, no American principally from the authority to legis- fifth, over a dozen of them. Why are has ever had that breadth of power. It late; and our ability to conduct effec- they taking the fifth amendment? As- is a terrible idea even if it were being tive investigations is absolutely cru- sertions of executive privilege. Why? handled responsibly. But it is not. The cial to our legislative function. And the flight from the country of record of these past 4 months proves Mr. Speaker, my friend, the gentle- other key figures in this scandal, such that it is being used as a raw partisan woman from Ohio [Ms. PRYCE], has as, well I could name a bunch, but I tool. more than ably explained this resolu- will not take the time right now. I will The second chart, this one over here, tion, but I must emphasize that in the submit it for the RECORD afterwards. shows that Chairman BURTON has sent development of this resolution, the Mr. Speaker, I insert for the RECORD over 280 subpoenas and letters seeking Committee on Rules insisted, and I the following: information to Democratic targets. want you to listen to this back in your COMPARISON OF IRAN-CONTRA, OCTOBER SUR- Only 10 Republican targets have re- offices or the White House, wherever PRISE, AND GRO COMMITTEE SUBPOENA AU- ceived subpoenas or letters seeking in- everybody is, that the Committee on THORITY formation. The third chart, over at the Government Reform and Oversight IRAN-CONTRA—RULE 7.1 end here, shows the Democratic targets adopt committee rules in advance ‘‘Unless otherwise determined by the select have submitted over 320,000 pages of which specify the right of the minority committee the chairman, upon consultation documents to the committee. Repub- to participate in staff depositions in with the ranking minority member, or the lican targets, as my colleagues can see protection for witnesses, very impor- select committee, may authorize the taking of affidavits, and of depositions pursuant to from that chart, have given us a total tant to me, provisions for notice, notice or subpoena. Such authorization may of 15 pages. among other things. occur on a case-by-case basis, or by instruc- There is not even a pretense of fair- The Committee on Government Re- tions to take a series of affidavits or deposi- ness. If there were, our request to sub- form and Oversight, after an extensive tions. The chairman may either issue the poena Haley Barbour would have been and lengthy debate on Tuesday, adopt- deposition notices himself, or direct the granted weeks ago. Instead, it was re- ed rules as I have just described, and I chief counsel to do so.’’ fused by the chairman. went over them thoroughly. The Com- OCTOBER SURPRISE—RULE 7.1 So this is what we have. The chair- mittee on Rules believes that this pro- ‘‘The chairman, upon consultation with man finds the Clinger precedent set cedure which we have before us today, the ranking Republican member, or the Task just 1 year ago too personally confin- in which the committee of jurisdiction Force, may authorize the taking of affida- ing. He has decided to contend that is free to adopt its own specific rules in vits, and of depositions, pursuant to notice its own committee, while at the same or subpoena. Such authorization may occur longstanding practice Chairman on a case-by-case basis, or by instructions to Clinger articulated no longer exists, time the House grants the broader au- take a series of affidavits or depositions. The and he is refusing to allow any debate thority necessary under the Solomon chairman may either issue the deposition no- or votes on his subpoena decision. resolution on the floor here right now, tices himself, or direct the chief counsel to This multi-million-dollar partisan is the proper manner, and it is the do so.’’ crusade has no legitimacy. I urge my manner that has been followed by GOVERNMENT REFORM AND OVERSIGHT colleagues to follow their conscience, precedent, in which this body should COMMITTEE—EXCERPT FROM PROPOSED RULE 20 follow the House precedence, follow or- grant additional authority to commit- ‘‘The chairman, upon consultation with dinary fairness, and defeat this resolu- tees when necessary. the ranking minority member, may order tion. The Committee on Rules also in- the taking of interrogatories or depositions, under oath and pursuant to notice or sub- Mr. Speaker, I insert for the RECORD sisted, and this is very important, that the rules of the Committee on Govern- poena. Such authorization may occur on a the following: case-by-case basis, or by instructions to take The number of subpoenas issued unilater- ment Reform and Oversight be consist- a series of interrogatories or depositions. No- ally by Democratic chairmen, 0—1971–1994. ent with House rules. In other words, tices for the taking of depositions shall The number of subpoenas issued unilater- we cannot vary from that, we must specify the date, time, and place of examina- ally by Chairman DAN BURTON, 156—Feb- stick to the precedent to protect the tion. Answers to interrogatories shall be an- ruary–June 1997. integrity of this House and to be con- swered fully in writing under oath and depo- Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, in sistent with past precedence; and these sitions shall be taken under oath adminis- response to the gentleman from Cali- requirements have clearly met all of tered by a member or a person otherwise au- fornia [Mr. WAXMAN], smoke follows that. thorized by law to administered oaths. Con- fire. The subpoenas follow the trouble. sultation with the ranking minority member Let me read the first sentence of the shall include three day’s notice before any That is why they are directed at the statement of the gentleman from Flor- White House. deposition it taken. All members shall also ida [Mr. MICA] which cites the compari- receive three day’s notice that a deposition Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he son of Iran-Contra, October Surprise, has been scheduled.’’ may consume to the gentleman from and the GRO committee subpoena au- b 1015 New York [Mr. SOLOMON], the chairman thority. Let me read the first sentence of the Committee on Rules. to my colleagues, because this is the Mr. Speaker, because of the obstruc- Mr. SOLOMON. Mr. Speaker, I thank precedent in all eight of the last pre- tionist tactics that the gentleman from the gentlewoman for yielding me the vious investigations: Indiana [Mr. BURTON] has encountered, time. Unless otherwise determined by the select the deposition authority contained in Mr. Speaker, the last sentence of the committee the chairman, upon consultation this resolution is necessary to take last speaker, saying that there is no with the ranking minority member, or the quick evidence in confidentiality. The basis for this investigation, I think select committee, may authorize the taking limited abilities to seek information speaks to the problem here today, and of affidavits, and of depositions pursuant to overseas also contained in this resolu- it is why we need the Solomon resolu- notice or subpoena. tion before the House today conforms tion on this floor, giving the authority And it goes on and on. with all eight previous congressional to the Committee on Government Re- Mr. Speaker, the staff deposition au- investigations, again dating back to form and Oversight. thority provided in this resolution is 1975. June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4095 During the consideration of this reso- transgressions. These are crimes which Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I lution before the Committee on Rules, have led to breaching of our security yield 11⁄2 minutes to the gentleman we heard a great deal from the minor- by foreign governments and it is Amer- from California [Mr. HORN]. ity about the internal proceedings of ican jobs and our economic well-being Mr. HORN. I thank the gentlewoman the Committee on Government Reform that suffers. for yielding me this time. As was and Oversight. In fact, when pressed, Let me just say, passage of this reso- noted, she is a former judge and she the minority admitted that they had lution is absolutely essential so we can correctly cited the precedents of this no problem with this resolution on the go home and tell the American people House. I am a former professor of polit- floor here today. that they can have confidence in the ical science and primarily a historian Mr. Speaker, there has been a great executive branch of this Government. with some expertise on Congress, and reluctance on the part of the minority Governments have an obligation to in- obviously when I get into a situation to address the international evidence- vestigate our national security, wheth- like this, I like to look at what various gathering techniques in this resolu- er it has been compromised by a for- Members of the House said. tion, which are so vitally important to eign government. Mr. Speaker, I want my colleagues to One of the people in this House for enable the committee to do its job. whom I have the highest regard and Let me be perfectly clear, the Com- come over here and vote for this reso- whom I regularly showed my students mittee on Rules intends that if the lution. We made absolutely sure that it on videotapes, one of the most re- Committee on Government Reform and does not violate House rules and we spected Members for the last several Oversight seeks letters rogatory or will continue to see to it that it does decades, I want to quote from what he other means of international assist- not through our own personal over- had to say. He is a leading Democrat. ance to question a recalcitrant witness sight. During the October surprise resolution, through official channels, such as the Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield when a similar situation was on the State Department, then the committee 2 minutes to the gentleman from Cali- floor, he said: is given all necessary assistance in the fornia [Mr. CONDIT]. Mr. CONDIT. Mr. Speaker, first let furtherance of such a request. We must ‘‘My final reason for urging Members me clearly state that I fully support an get to the bottom of this. to oppose the substitute, and the sub- The executive branch, if called upon investigative look and review of any stitute is in essence what the minority wrongdoing. I think we ought to do for such a mechanism, would be very wants to do here, is because it provides that. But let me tell my colleagues, wise to cooperate with this effort to for rules and procedures that would se- when we were in committee a couple of conduct worldwide discovery just as verely hamstring the investigation. days ago, it sounded sort of like this: The procedures proposed in the sub- they should be cooperative in the ‘‘Last year you did this, so that McIntosh investigation on the data stitute are a recipe for an ineffective means we do this.’’ investigation. The substitute would in base. ‘‘Two years ago they did that, so we Mr. Speaker, because certain wit- fact deprive the task force of the same do this.’’ tools that have been given other con- nesses have chosen to leave this coun- ‘‘Twenty years ago, you did it that gressional investigative bodies. First, try rather than cooperate, the commit- way, so we ought to do it this way.’’ tee needs these international evidence- ‘‘Twenty-five years ago that’s the requiring a majority vote for each sub- gathering techniques to adequately in- way it was.’’ poena would be extremely time con- vestigate the complicated financial Mr. Speaker, we have been there, we suming and difficult to arrange. It dealings of the Clinton administration. have done that, and we ought to be would be impractical. It has been com- Mr. Speaker, I might ask my friends wiser for the fact that we have been mon practice in special congressional in the minority who occasionally en- through this many, many times. investigations to give the chairman re- snare one of our rules that I bring on Investigations ought not to be about sponsibility for issuing subpoenas.’’ the floor in nongermane debate relat- drama and theater. It ought not to be Now, who said that? Was it some con- ing to campaign finance reform, I want a search and destroy mission. It ought servative? No, it was the gentleman them to come over here and vote for to be about trying to find the truth in from Indiana [Mr. HAMILTON], speaking this resolution. If my colleagues assert an efficient and effective way. We have on the October surprise resolution, one that there is a problem in the manner urged this committee, we have urged of the most respected Members of this in which campaigns are financed in and pleaded with the committee not to House, a leading member of the Demo- this country, then here is the oppor- duplicate what the Senate is doing. We cratic Party. Follow his advice. tunity to give the Congress the effec- have asked them to work with Senator Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I would tive tools it needs to investigate the THOMPSON, to try to figure out, not to just like to correct a statement that extent of which current law has been call all these people up here to be wit- the gentleman from California [Mr. ignored by the Clinton administration. nesses and be subpoenaed and be de- CONDIT] said. He talked about the vote What I read about in the newspapers, posed two times. It is a tremendous on the motion to recommit. There is no and what my constituents in the Hud- cost to the committee and to the tax- motion to recommit. His amendment son Valley are asking me about, is not payers of this country, and they are will be in the previous question. The campaign financing, but rather, has confused why we cannot work together. gentleman is asking to defeat the pre- the White House obeyed the law? These They cannot figure that out. Neighbors vious question. are the questions that need to be an- can share a lawn mower, but we cannot Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the swered here. share information. How silly. They gentlewoman from New York [Ms. Mr. Speaker, the campaign finance think we are silly because we cannot SLAUGHTER]. improprieties which have been docu- share information. mented in the media are serious That is what is wrong with this reso- (Ms. SLAUGHTER asked and was enough, but I am truly alarmed at the lution. That is what is wrong with the given permission to revise and extend flood of daily revelations which indi- investigative process, is that we do not her remarks.) cate that national security has been want to share information. We do not Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Speaker, I in compromised by high-ranking political want to save money for the taxpayers. no way want to impede this hearing appointees serving in the Clinton ad- We can do that if we force ourselves to process. Like everybody else in the ministration. do it. country, I want to make sure that the Mr. Speaker, breaches of national se- Mr. Speaker, we ought to be against political process in the United States is curity and economic espionage by peo- this resolution. We will have a recom- as good as it can be, but I want to ple in the Clinton administration have mit motion later today. The recommit speak to the committee process, if I real consequences to Americans and motion will have that language in may. this country’s security but, more than there. We will not have duplication. I Protecting the civil liberties and the that, jobs back in my colleagues’ dis- ask my colleagues to vote against this civil rights of the citizens of the United tricts. Mr. Speaker, these are not resolution and for the motion to re- States is our job. We write the laws merely ethical violations or moral commit. here that people count on to do just H4096 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 that. Also, the importance of the com- Mr. ALLEN. I thank the gentleman b 1030 mittee hearing is almost a religious be- for yielding me this time. Ever since we started having inves- lief in the United States. A congres- Mr. Speaker, I want to begin by say- tigations there has not been a single sional hearing carries the weight of ing that this is not about our effort to chairman, either a Democrat or a Re- truth and honor with it. prevent an investigation. We believe in publican, who has not failed to get con- I served on this Committee on Gov- this investigation. It must go forward. currence from the minority members, ernment Reform and Oversight in the We believe in staff depositions. They not a single one until the current last term of Congress when we had the must be taken. We believe that this in- chairman of this committee; and in the Waco hearings, and to our great sur- vestigation should be pursued as far as last 4 months we have had 156 subpoe- prise when we had those hearings, we it can go. That is not the issue in front nas without any input from the Demo- found that persons who identified of this Congress today. crats, without any input at all. themselves as being with the commit- The gentlewoman from Ohio began Why is input important? The reason tee were instead with the National this debate by talking about the impor- it is important is we cannot have a Rifle Association, having no connec- tance of precedent. Several Members committee chairman who attempts to tion whatever with Congress. Yet they on the other side have stood up and intimidate witnesses simply for giving felt free and were allowed to call wit- talked about the importance of prece- money to Democrats, and that is what nesses and ask them questions about dent. Mr. Speaker, there is precedent. this is. This is campaign finance re- the hearing before they came to tes- There is absolutely solid precedent on form, Republican style. tify. This was a terrible breach of Con- the issue that we are confronted with What they are going to do is try to gressional process. Was the committee today. I would simply read from the intimidate anybody who has ever given chair disturbed? Not at all. Did the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. The rule money to Democrats, and they are not Justice Dept. care. Not at all. It is only adopted by the Committee on Govern- just going to do it once. They will hit the protection of minority and major- ment Reform and Oversight last year them over in the Senate, and they will ity working in concert that keeps the concerning subpoenas for depositions, make them hire an attorney here in process honest. For the first time in the rule approved by this House said the House as well. They are going to the history of the House, that con- simply: waste taxpayers’ dollars by having ‘‘The chairman shall not authorize sultation and concurrence of the ma- these people who have been forced not and issue a subpoena for a deposition jority and minority has been breached. only to be interrogated by the Senate without the concurrence of the ranking This is a perilous step to take. As long committee, but also to be interrogated minority member or the committee.’’ here. as outside sources or special interest That was the rule that applied in the groups are allowed to pose as Govern- Mr. Speaker, that is wrong; that is White House Travel Office case. That is something that has never occurred in ment officials, we abrogate our author- the rule that the Republicans proposed ity as Members. We are not entitled to the history of this country. There has and this House adopted. It was good never been a chairman in the history of do that. enough last year. It is good enough for Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I this country who has issued these sub- 1 this year. poenas without either concurrence of yield 1 ⁄2 minutes to the gentleman Mr. Speaker, I would also point out from Florida [Mr. MICA]. the minority Members or by having the that last year, March 6, 1996, the chair- approval by the House. Mr. MICA. Mr. Speaker, why do we man of the Committee on Government need this deposition authority? First, We should not be taking a step off Reform and Oversight, Bill Clinger, this cliff. It is dangerous not because the scope of this scandal, I submit, is wrote to Cardiss Collins, the ranking unprecedented in the history of this Republicans are in control, not because minority member, and described the the Democrats are in control, but be- Congress or any administration, Re- precedent for issuing subpoenas for publican or Democrat. Second, nearly cause of the need for checks and bal- deposition. He said: ance in this system. We have to have every individual subpoenaed has fled ‘‘The proposed rule requires that if a the country or pled the fifth amend- checks and balances in the system. subpoena is required in the case of an There should not be one man who has ment. Third, in an unprecedented fash- affidavit or a deposition in the Travel this power. ion, everything possible has been done Office matter, I shall not authorize Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield to block, intimidate, destroy, obstruct, such subpoena without your concur- 1 minute to the gentleman from Illi- and block this investigation and get to rence or the vote of the committee. I nois [Mr. BLAGOJEVICH]. the truth of this matter. believe that this new rule memorializes Mr. BLAGOJEVICH. Mr. Speaker, let The investigative authority sought the longstanding practice of this com- me just reiterate briefly the issue here today is no different than what mittee to seek a consensus on the issu- which we have to decide today, and the Democrats had under Iran Contra ance of subpoenas.’’ that is very simply whether or not this and October Surprise. Congress, the Mr. Speaker, we have precedent, it is committee, the Committee on Govern- American people and responsible media directly relevant, and we should follow ment Reform and Oversight, and should be outraged that this adminis- it. That is what the minority is asking whether or not this Congress will give tration and certain members of the for. to a committee chairman of an inves- other party are trying to close down Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield tigative committee the right to unilat- this investigation and this outrageous 2 minutes to the gentleman from Wis- erally issue subpoenas for people to ap- corruption of our political process. consin [Mr. BARRETT]. pear for depositions. What every American should be asking Mr. BARRETT of Wisconsin. Mr. Will we decide to do something that is, why are they trying to block this Speaker, of course this investigation has never ever been done before in the investigation? Why are they trying to should be getting at the truth. We history of Congress? And I would like keep us from talking to foreign nation- should be investigating allegations to, if I can, piggyback briefly on what als who fled the country and corrupted against both Democrats and Repub- the previous speaker from Wisconsin this process? Why are they trying to licans of campaign finance misuse. The said. keep us from questioning those who current system is wrong. It is a dis- The issue fundamentally is one of have corrupted our elections process on grace. But there should not be a person fairness and the credibility and the in- a scale unprecedented in American his- in this room who is going to leave this tegrity of this investigation. If this in- tory? room today who think that the Demo- vestigation does not have the fun- This week brings the latest threat to crats have done something wrong and damental fairness and integrity, then disrupt and destroy this process. The the Republicans have raised all their the fruits of the investigation will not Democrats have said they will block money from widows and altar boys. be believed; and they will not be credi- attempts to grant immunity with That is not the case. But we should ble and, therefore, they will be tainted. those who hope to cooperate. have and what we do not have is a fair These are serious allegations. Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield investigation. There is nothing fair I love my country more than I love 2 minutes to the gentleman from Maine about this investigation at all. Look at my political party, and I am as out- [Mr. ALLEN]. this graph. raged by some of these allegations as June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4097 most Americans ought to be. But be- The other part which I think that, if chairman of the Committee on Govern- fore we decide whether these allega- we are going to do something, we ment Reform and Oversight who has a tions are in fact true, let us make sure should at least have credibility. It is great job ahead of him to conduct this that we find and have a factfinding very obvious that this is a situation investigation. committee that is going to do this in a where the Republican Party is trying Mr. BURTON of Indiana. Mr. Speak- fair way that includes all Members. to gain advantage over the Democratic er, I thank the gentlewoman from Ohio This ought to be a joint undertaking Party. I am not interested in any kind for yielding this time to me. to find the truth, not a partisan effort of campaign reform, so I urge my col- I would just like to say to my col- to find dirt. leagues to vote ‘‘no’’. leagues on the other side of the aisle, Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield we are not going to try to intimidate 1 minute to the gentleman from Massa- 1 minute to the gentleman from Illi- anybody. That is first; and second, we chusetts [Mr. TIERNEY], a member of nois [Mr. DAVIS]. are going to be working with the Sen- the committee. Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I ate wherever possible. I am going to be Mr. TIERNEY. Mr. Speaker, let me have been told that there is a principle meeting with Senator THOMPSON next just say that as a member of the com- which states that power corrupts and week and his staff to coordinate our ac- mittee, I think that it is important to absolute power corrupts absolutely. tivities. note that everybody on the Democratic It seems to me that we ought to be Mr. Speaker, let me tell my col- side of this committee is perfectly will- trying to find corruption and ferret it leagues a few of the things about which ing to step forward and investigate any out, not create an opportunity to fur- this committee is going to be inves- alleged abuses of our campaign finance ther it. tigating and why. reform system, whether they be Demo- And so it is clear, Mr. Speaker, that We are investigating a possible mas- cratic or Republican. What we are not if we are looking for corruption, then sive scheme, massive scheme of funnel- willing to do is to proceed with an in- we ought to have an open and fair in- ing millions of dollars in foreign vestigation that is overly partisan, vestigation, not give all of the power to money into the U.S. electoral system. which lacks any credibility and which one person. Let us vote down this reso- We are investigating allegations that is not inclusive. Whether my col- lution and give the American people a the Chinese Government at the highest leagues are a prior judge or a prior pro- fair process, an honest process, an open levels decided to infiltrate our political fessor or whatever their background is, process. Let us give them fairness. system. We are investigating allega- I think everybody can recognize that Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I tions of gross misuse of our national there is no value to the outcome of any reserve the balance of my time. security structure including the na- investigation that does not have integ- Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield tional security council and the CIA. We rity, that is not credible and that was 1 minute to the gentleman from West are investigating the White House that not inclusive of the entire committee Virginia [Mr. WISE]. became a frequent stop, a frequent stop that was charged with the investiga- Mr. WISE. Mr. Speaker, when Oliver for major donors with foreign ties who tion. North was called in front of the Iran have now fled the country or taken the Mr. Speaker, from the first time we Contra Committee, he complained that fifth amendment. sat down in this committee, we sug- he would not be a potted plant. When Here are some key facts to prove the gested that we not duplicate the efforts we pass these rules, we are going to critical importance of this investiga- of the Senate, that we work with them, make the Democratic side an entire tion, and I hope my colleagues will that we not spend twice as much garden because that is what these rules look at this chart. money. A strictly partisan vote de- are designed to do. Charlie Trie, a friend of the President feated that idea, and it has been that I want to talk about the precedent of for 20 years, has reportedly fled the way every day in that committee since practice. I have heard a lot about what country and is in the People’s Republic then. I should think that if my col- the rules were in the past. Let us look of China, Communist China, to avoid leagues want to have an investigation at the precedent of practice. being questioned about wire transfers that means anything, they want to The precedent of practice says that of over $1 million from Asian banks to have an investigation that the people from 1971 to 1994 no Democratic chair- him at the same time that he was giv- can have confidence in, they will get man issued a unilateral subpoena; they ing in excess of $200,000 to the Demo- off the partisanship and move toward crat National Committee and more the credibility; and we ask that the went and they got the concurrence of than $600,000 to the President’s legal committee do that. the minority, the other side, as well. Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield In this year alone, February to June defense fund. All of that money has 1 minute to the gentleman from New of 1997, our chairman has issued 156 been returned, the $600,000. John Huang, a friend of the Presi- York [Mr. TOWNS]. unilateral subpoenas. ‘‘Unilateral’’ Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, let me means one person. dent’s who is pleading the fifth amend- begin by saying that I was hoping that Nobody argues about issuing subpoe- ment raised between $3 and $4 million when we got involved in this process nas. I want subpoenas issued when it is for the Democrat National Committee. that maybe something positive would valid, too. But I think in order to have The DNC is currently pledged to return come out of it. But we are starting out a credible investigation, a bipartisan almost half of that money. Huang is in a way that we have no credibility investigation, both sides have to be in- also under investigation for allegedly right from the outset, that we are just volved in which we bring it to the mi- disclosing secret information to his starting out, chairman subpoenaed ev- nority member for concurrence, and if former employer the Lippo Bank that erybody, people that really had noth- we do not get that, then we bring it to has ties with the Chinese Communist ing to do. The only thing they did was the full committee for a vote. Government and possibly the Chinese make a contribution to the Democratic As a Democrat, I am very concerned Government itself, and he did this Party. He subpoenaed them. And the about the allegations and the possible while he was at the Commerce Depart- fact is that we are wasting money. cloud that may hang over fund-raising ment and the Democrat National Com- The Senate side is doing the same practices of my party. As a Republican, mittee. thing that we are doing, that if some- I would be even more concerned, being Roger Tamraz, who was recently de- body lives in Alaska, they would come in the majority, that their significant tained by the Government of Georgia here because they are being subpoenaed allegations are not even going to be because there was an international ar- by the Senate, and as soon as they get looked at. rest warrant for him issued by Leb- back home, within 24 hours they could Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I anon, received repeated meetings with be subpoenaed to come back by our would like to let the gentleman to President Clinton at a time when he committee. know it was not Oliver North; it was was trying to get the administration Mr. Speaker, that is a very obvious his attorney who stated he was not a support to build a pipeline in Asia de- waste of money, waste of time, and potted plant. spite objections by the National Secu- also the fact that we are not really ac- Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 minutes to the rity Council. A NSC staffer was re- complishing anything. gentleman from Indiana [Mr. BURTON] cently reported as saying that she felt H4098 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 pressured to cooperate with Mr. Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield what it appears to be, because what I Tamraz because of $200,000 in democrat 1 minute to the gentleman from Penn- am getting concerned about now is contributions. sylvania [Mr. KANJORSKI]. that perhaps the gentleman from Indi- Former DNC chairman, the chairman Mr. KANJORSKI. Mr. Speaker, my ana [Mr. BURTON] is being used as some of the DNC, Don Fowler reportedly intentions were to reiterate some of kind of fall guy. We know that he is tried to manipulate the CIA to provide the arguments made by myself and over eager to investigate the Demo- favorable information about Roger other members of the committee, but crats and especially Bill Clinton. Tamraz so that the National Security actually, after having heard the 5 min- The majority gives him three times Council would back off their objections utes from the chairman of this com- the amount of money, some $15 mil- to his going to the White House to mittee, the question comes to my lion, $17 million to investigate. They meet with the President. The NSC lost mind, why do we need an investiga- want to give him all of the rights indi- that battle, and so did our national se- tion? The chairman has just written vidually to decide on who should be curity because he did go to the White the conclusions and the facts that he subpoenaed, who should be deposed, un- House and he did meet with the Presi- intends to find in his opening state- precedented powers. No one else on the dent. ment here trying to justify why we committee will have to risk their ca- Another example of national security need an investigation. reer, put their career on the line to concerns being brushed aside in favor We could save an awful lot of money vote on behalf of subpoenaing anyone, of campaign cash is a case of Johnny if the chairman of the committee just no one will have to take responsibility Chung. He raised $366,000 in contribu- writes the report up, as the chairman for the actions in this investigation. tions returned by the DNC. He visited has said it now. Obviously, his facts are So what I suggest is that our view the White House 49 times despite found, his conclusions are made, and here in the minority is that we need to warnings by the National Security the purposes for this investigation are have everyone share the responsibility, Council that he was a hustler and for no other purpose but for political not just put the gentleman from Indi- should not be there. purpose. ana [Mr. BURTON] out in front of this, Yogesh Gandhi was barred from giv- The majority has an opportunity as if he is the only one conducting this today, a simple opportunity. If it wants ing money to President Clinton at the train and the only one responsible for any credibility in this investigation, if White House because of his dubious what is going to be in the final analysis it wants any appearance of fairness, it background, but that did not stop the something that defamed seriously the could adopt the rule that Mr. Clinger White House. Craig Livingston and credibility and the integrity of this and past examinations of this Congress John Huang arranged a meeting two Congress and this committee. have always honored; that is, the ma- Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield blocks away from the White House at a jority chairman and the ranking mem- 1 minute to the gentlewoman from New hotel where the President did meet ber, with concurrence, would issue sub- York [Mrs. MALONEY]. with him and $325,000 was subsequently poenas. That is the only process that Mrs. MALONEY of New York. Mr. given to the DNC. should be used. I urge that this is not Speaker, if my majority colleagues Former third ranking Justice De- going to be an investigation to find have their way this morning, we will partment official and convicted felon, fact. This is a political witch-hunt. empower the chair of the Committee Webster Hubbell, between June 21, l994, Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield on Government Reform and Oversight and June 25, 1994, there were 10 meet- 1 minute to the gentleman from Mary- as never before, and I have just one ings at the White House, some involv- land [Mr. CUMMINGS]. question to ask my colleagues: Can ing the President regarding whether or Mr. CUMMINGS. Mr. Speaker, the anyone tell me when in the history of not what he was going to be doing be- resolution that we are considering this Congress has this kind of author- tween the time he left the Justice De- today gives the Chairman of the Com- ity been exercised unilaterally? partment and was indicted, and after mittee on Government Reform and Mr. COX of California. Mr. Speaker, the tenth meeting, 2 days later the Oversight broad and unprecedented will the gentlewoman yield? Lippo Group the Riadys gave him powers. This resolution does not have Mrs. MALONEY of New York. I yield $100,000 in legal fees, and many people an underlying premise of uncovering to the gentleman from California. believed, myself included, that that the truth in a bipartisan manner; but Mr. COX of California. Mr. Speaker, might have been hush money. In fact rather, its goal is to arm its bearers the rules of the 103d Congress state the Abe Rosenthal, a supporter of the with overreaching congressional au- following. President, said in a New York Times thority. Mrs. MALONEY of New York. Mr. column it would not take a particu- My colleagues, if we vote to approve Speaker, reclaiming my time, I did not larly suspicious mind let alone a pros- this resolution, we are creating a dan- ask about rules, I asked when was this ecutor’s to see high paying jobs as hush gerous precedent. There has never been power used unilaterally? money to keep a defendant silent. a single instance in which a chairman Mr. COX of California. Mr. Speaker, Pauline Kanchanalak, the mysteri- of any House or Senate committee has does the gentlewoman mean when did ous contributor from Thailand, was one ever unilaterally issued subpoenas for the Republicans in the minority not go of John Huang’s associates. She visited depositions. along with what the Democrats wished the White House 30 times, raised Common Cause stated, ‘‘Fairness will to do? money for the DNC, and she fled the be ensured only if the committee fol- Mrs. MALONEY of New York. Mr. country. We cannot get her even with a lows congressional precedents for in- Speaker, my question is, when was it subpoena. vestigative procedures and gives the used? When in the history of this Con- Ted Sioeng, yet another dubious DNC minority Members a voice in the inves- gress did a chairman go out and unilat- contributor, is reportedly in Hong tigation.’’ erally issue subpoenas? Never in the Kong now. He has avoided any ques- The League of Women Voters stated, history of this Congress has it hap- tions about his contributions totaling ‘‘The House is headed towards a par- pened. The numbers speak for them- $355,000 to the DNC. tisan sideshow. These are the kind of selves. Zero to 156. Furthermore, 156 of those subpoenas b 1145 political games that disgust the Amer- ican people.’’ had been issued for Democrats, 9 are He is under investigation right now, Let us return comity to this commit- targeting Republicans. The numbers but we cannot get to him. He also tee and resurrect what is left of this in- speak for themselves. We should not be worked with the Chinese Government, vestigation. Let us work in a legiti- wasting $12 million to $15 million on a we believe, trying to acquire influence mate fact-finding manner. I urge my partisan investigation. for China. colleagues to reject this resolution. Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I Let me just say in closing, there is Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield yield 1 minute to the gentleman from substantial reasons why this investiga- 1 minute to the gentleman from Penn- New York [Mr. GILMAN]. tion must go forward. We must depose sylvania [Mr. FATTAH]. (Mr. GILMAN asked and was given these witnesses and we need the help of Mr. FATTAH. Mr. Speaker, I think permission to revise and extend his re- this body to get that job done. that what we have here is maybe not marks.) June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4099 Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I com- Committee on Government Reform and to allow for special affidavits and deposi- mend the gentleman from Indiana [Mr. Oversight to adopt the same rules that tions. The Rule will be voted on in anticipa- BURTON] and his staff for their diligent Mr. Clinger used in the last Congress tion of passage of House Resolution 369, work and their important work in and, second, prohibit the subpoena of which is expected to have floor consideration on Thursday, March 7 or Friday, March 8, bringing this resolution to the floor at any witness already deposed by the 1996. (See attached copy of Draft Rule.) this time that would authorize the Senate unless the committee votes, un- House Resolution 369 will provide author- chairman of the Committee on Govern- less the committee votes, to issue that ity to the Committee on Government Reform ment Reform and Oversight, after con- subpoena. and Oversight to conduct depositions and sultation with the ranking minority This is the taxpayer protection and submit interrogatories under oath in the member, to order the taking of deposi- antiduplication amendment of the gen- process of conducting the ongoing White tions and interrogatories. tleman from California [Mr. CONDIT], House Travel office investigation. The Reso- My colleagues in the minority have which was defeated in the committee, lution only applies to the White House Trav- el Office investigation. Rules to conduct the raised the argument that such deposi- but it is a very, very good idea. I urge my colleagues to support it by defeat- depositions and interrogatories have been de- tions in the committee’s current sub- veloped in consultation with the minority poena authority is an abuse of major- ing the previous question. ranking member of the Committee. ity power. In fact, during consideration Mr. Speaker, I insert my amendment Deposition authority is sought to obtain of the October Surprise resolution, on and extraneous materials in the testimony in a timely and efficient manner February 5, the Democrats opposed and RECORD. and curtail the need for extensive hearings. voted down the Republican substitute Mr. SPEAKER, if the previous question is Such depositions will help resolve the nu- which would have authorized a major- defeated I will offer an amendment to do two merous discrepancies that have arisen in the course of civil and criminal investigations ity vote before issuing any subpoenas. things: First, require the Government Reform Committee to adopt the same rules Chairman into the White House Travel Office matter During that debate, it was stated, it over the past two and a half years. has been common practice in special Clinger used last Congress and second, pro- RULE 19.—SPECIAL AFFIDAVITS AND congressional investigations to give hibit the subpoena of any witness already de- posed by the Senate unless the committee DEPOSITIONS the chairman responsibility for issuing If the House provides the committee with subpoenas. If such a limiting substitute votes to issue the subpoena. This is Mr. CONDIT's taxpayer protection and authority to take affidavits and depositions, was not impractical then, it certainly antiduplication amendment which was de- the following rules apply: should not be impractical now. (a) The Chairman, upon consultation with Accordingly, I urge my colleagues to feated in committee but is a very good idea, the ranking minority member of the com- I urge my colleagues to support it by defeating support the resolution and allow the mittee, may authorize the taking of affida- the previous question. Committee on Government Reform and vits, and of depositions pursuant to notice or PREVIOUS QUESTION FOR HOUSE RESOLUTION Oversight to get on with its work. subpoena. Such authorization may occur on 167 a case-by-case basis, or by instructions to Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield Amendment text: take a series of affidavits or depositions. No- 1 minute to the gentleman from Michi- Page 3, after line 2, insert the following tices for the taking of depositions shall gan [Mr. DINGELL], the ranking mem- new sections: specify a time and place for examination. Af- ber of the Committee on Commerce. SEC. 5. IMPLEMENTING RULES. fidavits and depositions shall be taken under (Mr. DINGELL asked and was given The Committee on Government Reform oath administered by a member or a person permission to revise and extend his re- and Oversight shall implement this resolu- otherwise authorized by law to administer marks.) tion by adopting rules identical in substance oaths. Consultation with the ranking minor- Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, over a to those adopted by the Committee on Gov- ity member will include three (3) business period of 14 years, the Committee on ernment Reform and Oversight in the 104th days written notice before any deposition is Congress to implement H.Res. 369 as printed taken unless otherwise agreed to by the Commerce, under my chairmanship, in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD of March 7, ranking minority member or committee. conducted hundreds of investigations, 1996. (b) The committee shall not initiate proce- issued thousands of subpoenas, and SEC. 6. ANTI-DUPLICATION PROVISIONS. dures leading to contempt proceedings in the never were any of these events done The Committee on Government Reform event a witness fails to appear at a deposi- without full participation by the mi- and Oversight is directed to amend its rules tion unless the deposition notice was accom- nority, without full consultation, and that implement this resolution to require panied by a committee subpoena authorized without a vote of the minority. that the chairman and ranking member shall and issued by the chairman. Notwithstand- The public wants a good investiga- make a formal request to the chairman of ing committee Rule 18(d), the chairman shall the Senate Committee on Government Af- not authorize and issue a subpoena for a dep- tion of the election process and the fairs to coordinate efforts to avoid duplica- osition without the concurrence of the rank- fundraising. They will expect this Con- tion in the deposition process. If the Senate ing minority member or the committee. gress to do an honorable and a decent Committee accepts this request, the chair- (c) Witnesses may be accompanied at a job. Let us investigate everybody. man shall consult with the Senate Commit- deposition by counsel to advise them of their Let us see to it that we find out tee on Governmental Affairs prior to depos- constitutional rights. Absent special permis- where the wrongdoing is, when it was ing a witness that the Senate Committee has sion or instructions from the chairman, no done. Let us not have a carefully deposed or scheduled to depose. If after such one may be present in depositions except consultation the chairman seeks to depose members, staff designated by the chairman cooked investigation wherein only one such witness, a Committee vote shall be re- side is investigated. Let us find all of or ranking minority member, an official re- quired before a notice or subpoena is author- porter, the witness and any counsel; observ- the wrongdoing, and let us use this as ized or issued for the deposition of the wit- ers or counsel for other persons or for the what the American people want it to ness. The chairman shall include the ranking agencies under investigation may not at- be, an investigation to lay the predi- minority member in any consultations with tend. cate for meaningful reform of our cam- the Senate Committee and shall provide the (d) A deposition will be conducted by mem- paign laws. To do less brings shame ranking minority member with a copy of any bers or jointly by upon the investigation, brings shame deposition transcripts obtained from the (1) No more than two staff members of the Senate Committee. In turn, the chairman upon this body, and I would urge that committee, of whom— shall provide upon request to the Senate (1.a) One will be designated by the chair- this body make the kind of investiga- Committee on Governmental Affairs a copy man of the committee, and tion that the American people want, of any transcript of a deposition taken by (2.b) One will be designated by the ranking where we get to the bottom of the facts the House Committee. minority party member of the committee, and we conduct it in a fashion in which unless such member elects not to designate a the American people may say, the Con- To: Members of the Government Reform and staff member. gress did well, and trust us to do well Oversight Committee. (2) Any member designated by the chair- in the future. That is not to be seen From: William F. Clinger, Jr., Chairman. man. Date: March 6, 1996. Other staff designated by the chairman or here. Re: House Resolution 369 to provide for depo- Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield ranking minority members may attend, but sition authority in the White House are not permitted to pose questions to the myself such time as I may consume. Travel Office investigation and commit- witness. If the previous question is defeated, I tee rules to implement such authority. (e) Questions in the deposition will be pro- will offer an amendment which will do On Thursday, March 7, 1996, the Committee pounded in rounds. A round will include as two things. First, it will require the will vote on adopting a new Committee Rule much time as necessary to ask all pending H4100 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 questions, but not more than one hour. In 19(b). The proposed rule requires that if a It has never happened before. No chair- each round, the member or staff member des- subpoena is required in the case of an affida- man has ever issued subpoenas unilat- ignated by the chairman will ask questions vit or deposition in the Travel Office matter, erally in the House, the Senate, Demo- first, and the member or staff member des- I shall not authorize such subpoena without crat or Republican. This is the first ignated by the ranking minority member your concurrence or the vote of the commit- time that we have seen such an activ- will ask questions second. tee. I believe that this new rule memorial- (f) Objections by the witness as to the form izes the longstanding practice of this com- ity. of questions shall be noted for the record. If mittee to seek a consensus on the issuance of This is about wasting money. I was a witness objects to a question and refuses to a subpoena. impressed over and over again by the answer, the members or staff may proceed 19(c). The question has arisen as to wheth- points made by the gentleman from with the deposition, or may obtain, at that er a witness may be represented by counsel California [Mr. CONDIT]. He has worked time or at a subsequent time, a ruling on the employed by the same government agency as on a bipartisan basis on fiscally con- objection by telephone or otherwise from the the witness. I further understand that the servative measures to save taxpayer’s chairman or his designee. The committee White House Counsel’s office has indicated funds, and what he suggested is that we shall not initiate procedures leading to con- that it will not seek to personally represent ought to coordinate our investigation tempt for refusals to answer questions at a any White House employee during the course with the Senate and not waste this deposition unless the witness refuses to tes- of this investigation. It is my intention to tify after his objection has been overruled discuss with you on case by case basis the money through duplication. and after he has been ordered and directed to ability of Justice Department attorneys to We ought to defeat the amendment answer by the chairman or his designee upon represent Justice Department witnesses. I that is before us, defeat the previous a good faith attempt to consult with the respect the ability of a witness to have an question, so that we can offer the ranking minority member or her designee. attorney of their choice, but I also must amendment that the gentleman from (g) The committee staff shall insure that avoid any conflict of interest between an California [Mr. CONDIT] offered in com- the testimony is either transcribed or elec- agency under investigation and a witness’ in- mittee, to simply have coordination tronically recorded, or both. If a witness’ dividual rights. and saving of taxpayers’ dollars in a testimony is transcribed, he shall be fur- 19(d). The proposed committee rule is draft reasonable campaign finance investiga- nished with an opportunity to review a copy. under the assumption that most, if not all, No later than five days thereafter, the staff depositions will be conducted by staff. Any tion process so that we can return to shall enter the changes, if any, requested by members who wish to participate in a deposi- the precedents of this House and this the witness, with a statement of the witness’ tion should notify me before the scheduled Congress, that all investigations will reasons for the changes, and the witness day of the deposition. I will, of course, des- be determined by the members of a shall be instructed to sign the transcript. ignate the minority member of your choice. committee, even if the majority of the The individual administering the oath, if However, in no way are the proposed com- members want to vote on a party line other than a member, shall certify on the mittee rules intended to limit the ability of basis, the members conduct the inves- transcript that the witness was duly sworn a member to participate and ask questions. tigation, not one single person who in his presence, the transcriber shall certify 19(f). The term ‘‘designee’’ is intended to happens to be chairman. Giving that that the transcript is a true record of the imply a member, and not staff. Furthermore, kind of power to one person invites testimony, and the transcript shall be filed, let me confirm to you my strongest inten- together with any electronic recording, with tion to consult with you before ruling on an abuse, and we ought not to let that the clerk of the committee in Washington, objection raised by a witness. In the instance happen. D.C. Affidavits and depositions shall be that you are uncontrollably indisposed. I Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I deemed to have been taken in Washington, will certainly listen to any concerns ex- yield myself such time as I may D.C. once filed there with the clerk of the pressed by your senior staff. consume. committee for the committee’s use. The 19(h). The depositions will be assumed to Mr. Speaker, the Committee on Gov- ranking minority member will be provided a be received in executive session. Members ernment Reform and Oversight has copy of the transcripts of the deposition once and their staff will not be permitted to re- been compelled by substantial allega- the procedures provided above have been lease a copy or excerpt of the deposition tions in the media, an accumulating completed. until such time that is entered into the offi- body of evidence and an ensuing public cial record of the committee, under penalty (h) Unless otherwise directed by the com- outcry to undertake a thorough inves- mittee, all depositions and affidavits re- of House sanction. Witnesses will be given ceived in the investigation shall be consid- the opportunity to edit their transcript but tigation of campaign financing impro- ered nonpublic until received by the commit- will not be given a copy. prieties and threats to national secu- tee. Once received by the committee, use of Finally, a question has arisen regarding rity. Because of the serious magnitude such materials shall be governed by the com- what steps occur if a witness fails to appear of the revelations that continue to sur- mittee rules. All such material shall unless for a deposition under subpoena or fails to face in this scandal, the Committee on otherwise directed by the committee, be respond to a question notwithstanding the Rules has responded by crafting this available for use by the members of the com- chairman’s ruling. It will be my intent, very effective, but very limited resolu- mittee in open session. under such circumstances, to subpoena the tion. So I would urge my colleagues on witness before the full Committee to explain (i) A witness shall not be required to tes- both sides of the aisle to support it so tify if they have not been provided a copy of why he/she should not be held in contempt of the House Resolution and the amended Com- Congress. The scope of such a hearing would we can get to the bottom of this com- mittee Rules. not extend to the factual questions of the plicated and complex affair. (j) Committee Rule 19 expires on July 8, Travel Office matter, but would be limited to RULE 20.—INTERROGATORIES AND DEPOSITIONS 1996. the question of contempt of the prior con- The chairman, upon consultation with the tempt. ranking minority member, may order the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COM- I hope that this answers any outstanding taking of interrogatories or depositions, MITTEE ON GOVERNMENT REFORM questions you may have. Please feel free to under oath and pursuant to notice or sub- AND OVERSIGHT, discuss this matter with me further. And, poena. Such authorization may occur on a Washington, DC, March 6, 1996. again, thank you for your kind cooperation. case-by-case basis, or by instructions to take Hon. CARDISS COLLINS, Sincerely, a series of interrogatories or depositions. No- Ranking Minority Member, Committee on Gov- WILLIAM F. CLINGER, Jr., tices for the taking of depositions shall ernment Reform and Oversight, U.S. House Chairman. specify the date, time, and place of examina- of Representatives, Washington, DC. Mr. Speaker, I yield the balance of tion. Answers to interrogatories shall be an- DEAR MS. COLLINS: Thank you and your my time to the gentleman from Cali- swered fully in writing under oath and depo- staff for working with my office to develop a sitions shall be taken under oath adminis- fornia [Mr. WAXMAN]. new committee rule to provide for the imple- tered by a member or a person otherwise au- mentation of the affidavit and deposition au- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. thorized by law to administer oaths. Con- thorities provided in H. Res. 369. Your office LAHOOD). The gentleman from Califor- sultation with the ranking minority member has asked that I provide you with the supple- nia [Mr. WAXMAN] is recognized for 11⁄2 shall include three business day’s written no- mental information regarding how I inter- minutes. tice before any deposition is taken. All mem- pret some provisions of the proposed com- Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, not a bers shall also receive three business day’s mittee rule. single Democrat is against investigat- written notice that a deposition has been 19(a). Regarding the right of the minority ing the campaign finance abuses of the scheduled. to recommend witnesses to be deposed, it is The committee shall not initiate contempt my intention that for any witness you would 1996 campaign. That is not what this proceedings based on the failure of a witness recommend, I will either agree to issue a debate is all about. It is about whether to appear at a deposition unless the deposi- subpoena or place the question before the a chairman ought to be given the tion notice was accompanied by a committee full committee for a vote. power unilaterally to issue subpoenas. subpoena issued by the chairman. June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4101 Witnesses may be accompanied at a deposi- committee’s use. The chairman and the That was the rule for Iran-Contra, tion by counsel to advise them of their ranking minority member shall be provided and it is the very same rule we are rights. No one may be present at depositions with a copy of the transcripts of the deposi- adopting here, with consultation; not a except members, committee staff designated tion at the same time. veto, not concurrence, which means by the chairman or ranking minority mem- All depositions and interrogatories re- ber, an official reporter, the witness, and the ceived pursuant to this rule shall be consid- agreement, which means if we do not witness’s counsel. Observers or counsel for ered as taken in executive session. agree, as the minority, then we have to other persons or for agencies under inves- A witness shall not be required to testify have a full committee vote on every tigation may not attend. unless the witness has been provided with a one, but consultation. A deposition shall be conducted by any copy of the committee’s rules. In fact, in this rule we provide some- member or committee staff attorney des- This rule is applicable to the committee’s thing that the Democratic Party, for ignated by the chairman or ranking minor- investigation of political fundraising impro- all the years they controlled Congress, ity member. When depositions are conducted prieties and possible violations of law, and is never provided us when we were in the by committee staff attorneys, there shall be effective upon adoption of a resolution, in minority, and that is 3 full business no more than two committee staff attorneys the House of Representatives, providing the of the committee permitted to question a committee with special investigative au- days advance notice and consultation. witness per round. One of the committee thorities. This rule, therefore, is better than any- staff attorneys shall be designated by the thing that the Democrats had when RULE 21.—LETTERS ROGATORY AND chairman and the other shall be designated INTERNATIONAL GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE they were in charge. by the ranking minority member. Other October Surprise, we have heard that committee staff members designated by the The chairman, after consultation with the ranking minority member, may obtain testi- mentioned out here before. Let me read chairman or the ranking minority member the rule for the October Surprise inves- may attend, but are not permitted to pose mony and evidence in other countries questions to the witness. through letters rogatory and other means of tigation when the Democrats were in Questions in the deposition will be pro- international government cooperation and the majority: ‘‘The chairman, upon pounded in rounds. A round shall include as assistance. This rule is applicable to the consultation with the ranking Repub- much time as is necessary to ask all pending committee’s investigation of political fund- lican member * * * may authorize the questions. In each round, a member or com- raising improprieties and possible violations taking of * * * depositions. * * * mittee staff attorney designated by the of law, and is effective upon adoption of a But that is not the rule they are of- resolution, in the House of Representatives, chairman shall ask questions first, and the fering. They wanted a veto power to member or committee staff attorney des- providing the committee with special inves- ignated by the ranking minority member tigative authorities. kick it to full committee. Why should shall ask questions second. Mr. Speaker, I yield the balance of it not be kicked to full committee? Let An objection by the witness as to the form my time to the gentleman from Cali- me read from a leading Democrat, the of a question shall be noted for the record. If fornia [Mr. COX], a member of the Com- gentleman from Indiana, Mr. LEE HAM- a witness objects to a question and refuses to mittee on Government Reform and ILTON, whose statement it seems to me answer, the member or committee staff at- Oversight. speaks for itself: torney may proceed with the deposition, or * * * requiring a majority vote for each may obtain, at that time or a subsequent b 1100 subpoena would be extremely time-consum- time, a ruling on the objection by telephone Mr. COX of California. Mr. Speaker, ing and difficult to arrange. It would be im- or otherwise from the chairman or a member practical. It has been common practice in designated chairman. The committee shall it is well, as we conclude debate and prepare to vote, that we recall what it special congressional investigations to give not initiate procedures leading to contempt the chairman responsibility for issuing sub- proceedings based on a refusal to answer a is that is contained in the resolution poenas. * * * question at a deposition unless the witness before us. This is a resolution that will So we need to focus once again on refuses to testify after an objection of the grant the staff attorneys, not the staff what is in the resolution before us; witness has been overruled and after the wit- but the staff attorneys, former U.S. at- nothing about subpoena authority, but ness has been ordered by the chairman or a torneys, of the Committee on Govern- member designated by the chairman to an- the authority to take staff depositions. ment Reform and Oversight, the ability swer the question. Overruled objections shall Let me add also that we have an oppor- to conduct depositions in preparation be preserved for committee consideration tunity to cooperate and to make this for hearings by the full committee. within the meaning of clause 2(k)(8) of House the kind of bipartisan investigation The previous speaker spoke instead Rule 11. that so much of the debate has focused Committee staff shall insure that the testi- to the issue of subpoenas, and he said, mony is either transcribed or electronically on here today. incorrectly, that never before in his- Mr. Speaker, recall what went on in recorded, or both. If a witness’s testimony is tory has the chairman had the power transcribed, the witness or the witness’s the October Surprise investigation. It unilaterally to issue subpoenas. I first counsel shall be afforded an opportunity to was an election year. This is not. The review a copy. No later than five days there- point out, that is not what this resolu- charges were not about Webster Hub- after, the witness may submit suggested tion provides. It does not provide any- bell receiving hush money from the changes to the chairman. Committee staff thing about subpoenas. Lippo Group and the Riadys, people may make any typographical and technical But for the Record, I would also that have taken the fifth amendment changes requested by the witness. Sub- point out that for the entirety of the and fled the country, and whose griev- stantive changes, modifications, clarifica- Democratic control of Congress over a tions, or amendments to the deposition tran- ous offenses, apparent grievous offenses 40-year period that was precisely what have been drawn to the Nation’s atten- script submitted by the witness must be ac- was the rule, and for the most recent companied by a letter requesting the tion by the New York Times. changes and a statement of the witness’s Democratic Congress, the 103d Con- Rather, it was alleged that President reasons for each proposed change. A letter gress, let me quote from the Commit- George Bush met secretly in Paris with requesting any substantive changes, modi- tee on Government Operations, the the Ayatollah and begged that he not fications, clarifications, or amendments House of Representatives, rule XVIII: release our hostages. That absurd must be signed by the witness. Any sub- ‘‘The chairman of the full committee premise was dismissed because we co- stantive changes, modifications, clarifica- shall authorize and issue subpoenas.’’ tions, or amendments shall be included as an operated in that investigation. Please It does not say anything even about cooperate with us in this one. Vote yes appendix to the transcript conditioned upon consultation with the minority, let the witness signing the transcript. for the resolution. The individual administering the oath, if alone concurrence. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. other than a member, shall certify on the Second, with respect to staff deposi- LAHOOD). All time has expired. transcript that the witness was duly sworn. tions themselves, over and over and Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I The transcriber shall certify that the tran- over again this authority has been move the previous question on the res- script is a true record of the testimony and granted by this Congress in precisely olution. the transcript shall be filed, together with this way. This was the rule for the The SPEAKER pro tempore. The any electronic recording, with the clerk of Iran-Contra investigation. Let me the committee in Washington, D.C. Interrog- question is on ordering the previous atories and depositions shall be considered to quote the rule: ‘‘* * * the chairman, question. have been taken in Washington, D.C. as well upon consultation with the ranking The question was taken; and the as at the location actually taken once filed minority member * * * may authorize Speaker pro tempore announced that there with the clerk of the committee for the the taking * * * of depositions. * * *’’ the ayes appeared to have it. H4102 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I object Borski Hilliard Olver [Roll No. 220] Boswell Hinchey Ortiz to the vote on the ground that a Boucher Hinojosa Owens AYES—216 quorum is not present and make the Boyd Holden Pallone Aderholt Gilchrest Packard point of order that a quorum is not Brown (CA) Hooley Pascrell Archer Gillmor Pappas present. Brown (FL) Hoyer Pastor Armey Gilman Parker Brown (OH) Jackson (IL) Payne Bachus Goode Paul The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evi- Capps Jackson-Lee Pelosi Baker Goodlatte Paxon dently a quorum is not present. Cardin (TX) Peterson (MN) Barr Goodling Pease Carson Jefferson Pickett Bartlett Graham Peterson (PA) The Sergeant at Arms will notify ab- Clay John Poshard Barton Granger Petri sent Members. Clement Johnson (WI) Price (NC) Bass Greenwood Pickering The vote was taken by electronic de- Clyburn Johnson, E. B. Rahall Bateman Gutknecht Pitts Condit Kanjorski Rangel Bereuter Hall (TX) Porter vice, and there were—yeas 217, nays Conyers Kaptur Reyes Bilbray Hansen Portman 196, not voting 21, as follows: Costello Kennedy (MA) Rivers Bilirakis Hastert Pryce (OH) [Roll No. 219] Coyne Kennedy (RI) Rodriguez Bliley Hastings (WA) Quinn Cramer Kennelly Roemer Blunt Hayworth Radanovich YEAS—217 Cummings Kildee Rothman Boehlert Hefley Ramstad Danner Kilpatrick Boehner Hill Aderholt Gilchrest Pappas Roybal-Allard Redmond Davis (FL) Kind (WI) Bono Hilleary Archer Gillmor Parker Rush Regula Davis (IL) Kleczka Brady Hobson Armey Gilman Paul Sabo Riggs DeFazio Klink Bryant Hoekstra Bachus Goodlatte Paxon Sanchez Riley Delahunt Kucinich Bunning Horn Baker Goodling Pease Sanders Rogan DeLauro LaFalce Burr Hostettler Barr Graham Peterson (PA) Sandlin Rogers Dellums Lampson Burton Houghton Bartlett Granger Petri Sawyer Rohrabacher Deutsch Lantos Buyer Hulshof Barton Greenwood Pickering Schumer Ros-Lehtinen Dicks Levin Callahan Hunter Bass Gutknecht Pitts Scott Royce Dingell Lewis (GA) Calvert Hutchinson Bateman Hansen Porter Serrano Ryun Dixon Lofgren Camp Hyde Bereuter Hastert Portman Sherman Salmon Doggett Lowey Campbell Inglis Bilbray Hastings (WA) Pryce (OH) Sisisky Sanford Dooley Luther Canady Istook Bilirakis Hayworth Quinn Skaggs Saxton Doyle Maloney (CT) Cannon Jenkins Bliley Hefley Radanovich Skelton Scarborough Edwards Maloney (NY) Castle Johnson (CT) Blunt Herger Ramstad Slaughter Schaefer, Dan Engel Manton Chabot Jones Boehlert Hill Redmond Smith, Adam Schaffer, Bob Eshoo Markey Chambliss Kasich Boehner Hilleary Regula Snyder Sensenbrenner Etheridge Martinez Chenoweth Kelly Bonilla Hobson Riggs Spratt Sessions Evans Mascara Christensen Kim Bono Hoekstra Riley Stabenow Shadegg Farr Matsui Coble King (NY) Brady Horn Rogan Stenholm Shaw Fattah McCarthy (MO) Coburn Kingston Bryant Hostettler Rogers Stokes Shays Fazio McCarthy (NY) Collins Klug Bunning Houghton Rohrabacher Strickland Shimkus Filner McDermott Combest Knollenberg Burr Hulshof Ros-Lehtinen Stupak Shuster Flake McGovern Cook Kolbe Burton Hunter Roukema Tanner Skeen Foglietta McHale Cooksey LaHood Buyer Hutchinson Royce Tauscher Smith (MI) Ford McIntyre Cox Largent Callahan Hyde Ryun Taylor (MS) Smith (NJ) Frank (MA) McKinney Crane Latham Calvert Inglis Salmon Thompson Smith (OR) Frost McNulty Crapo LaTourette Camp Istook Sanford Thurman Smith (TX) Furse Meehan Cubin Lazio Campbell Jenkins Saxton Tierney Smith, Linda Gejdenson Meek Cunningham Leach Canady Johnson (CT) Scarborough Towns Snowbarger Gephardt Menendez Davis (VA) Lewis (CA) Cannon Jones Schaefer, Dan Turner Solomon Gonzalez Millender- Deal Lewis (KY) Castle Kasich Schaffer, Bob Velazquez Souder Goode McDonald DeLay Linder Chabot Kelly Sensenbrenner Vento Spence Gordon Minge Diaz-Balart Livingston Chambliss Kim Sessions Visclosky Stearns Green Mink Dickey LoBiondo Chenoweth King (NY) Shadegg Waters Stump Gutierrez Moakley Dreier Lucas Christensen Kingston Shaw Watt (NC) Sununu Hall (OH) Mollohan Duncan Manzullo Coble Klug Shays Waxman Talent Hall (TX) Moran (VA) Dunn McCollum Coburn Knollenberg Shimkus Wexler Taylor (MS) Hamilton Murtha Ehlers McCrery Collins Kolbe Shuster Weygand Thomas Harman Nadler Ehrlich McDade Combest LaHood Skeen Wise Thornberry Hastings (FL) Neal Emerson McHugh Cook Largent Smith (MI) Woolsey Thune Hefner Obey English McInnis Cooksey Latham Smith (NJ) Wynn Tiahrt Ensign McKeon Cox LaTourette Smith (OR) Traficant NOT VOTING—21 Everett Metcalf Crane Lazio Smith (TX) Upton Ewing Mica Crapo Leach Smith, Linda Ackerman Johnson, Sam Schiff Walsh Fawell Miller (FL) Cubin Lewis (CA) Snowbarger Ballenger Lipinski Stark Wamp Foley Molinari Cunningham Lewis (KY) Solomon Barrett (NE) Miller (CA) Tauzin Watkins Forbes Moran (KS) Davis (VA) Linder Souder Clayton Nethercutt Taylor (NC) Watts (OK) Fowler Morella Deal Livingston Spence DeGette Oberstar Torres Weldon (FL) Fox Myrick DeLay LoBiondo Stearns Doolittle Pombo Yates Weldon (PA) Franks (NJ) Neumann Diaz-Balart Lucas Stump Goss Pomeroy Young (AK) Weller Frelinghuysen Ney Dickey Manzullo Sununu White b 1121 Gallegly Northup Dreier McCollum Talent Whitfield Ganske Norwood Duncan McCrery Thomas The Clerk announced the following Wicker Gekas Nussle Dunn McDade Thornberry Wolf pairs: Gibbons Oxley Young (FL) Ehlers McHugh Thune On this vote: Ehrlich McInnis Tiahrt NOES—194 Emerson McIntosh Traficant Mr. Ballenger for, with Ms. DeGette English McKeon Upton against. Abercrombie Capps Dixon Ensign Metcalf Walsh Mr. McIntosh for, with Mr. Stark against. Allen Cardin Doggett Everett Mica Wamp So the previous question was ordered. Andrews Carson Dooley Ewing Miller (FL) Watkins Baesler Clay Doyle Fawell Molinari Watts (OK) The result of the vote was announced Baldacci Clement Edwards Foley Moran (KS) Weldon (FL) as above recorded. Barcia Clyburn Engel Forbes Morella Weldon (PA) The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Barrett (WI) Condit Eshoo Fowler Myrick Weller Becerra Conyers Etheridge LAHOOD). The question is on the resolu- Fox Neumann White Bentsen Costello Evans Franks (NJ) Ney Whitfield tion. Berman Coyne Farr Frelinghuysen Northup Wicker The question was taken; and the Berry Cramer Fattah Gallegly Norwood Wolf Speaker pro tempore announced that Bishop Cummings Fazio Blagojevich Danner Filner Ganske Nussle Young (FL) the ayes appeared to have it. Gekas Oxley Blumenauer Davis (FL) Flake Gibbons Packard RECORDED VOTE Bonior Davis (IL) Foglietta Mr. MOAKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I de- Borski DeFazio Ford NAYS—196 Boswell Delahunt Frank (MA) mand a recorded vote. Boucher DeLauro Frost Abercrombie Barcia Berry A recorded vote was ordered. Boyd Dellums Furse Allen Barrett (WI) Bishop The vote was taken by electronic de- Brown (CA) Deutsch Gejdenson Andrews Becerra Blagojevich Brown (FL) Dicks Gephardt Baesler Bentsen Blumenauer vice, and there were—ayes 216, noes 194, Brown (OH) Dingell Gonzalez Baldacci Berman Bonior not voting 24, as follows: June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4103 Gordon Martinez Roukema amendment referred to in part 1 of The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will des- Green Mascara Roybal-Allard Gutierrez Matsui Rush House Resolution 169, the following ignate the amendment. Hall (OH) McCarthy (MO) Sabo amendments be considered in the fol- The text of the amendment is as fol- Hamilton McCarthy (NY) Sanchez lowing order: lows: Harman McDermott Sanders Amendments No. 22 and 41, printed in Amendment No. 6 offered by Mr. LUTHER: Hastings (FL) McGovern Sandlin part 2 of House Report 105–137; Hefner McHale Sawyer At the end of title I (page 23, before line 7), Hilliard McIntyre Schumer The amendment printed in section insert the following new section: Hinchey McKinney Scott 8(e) contained in House Resolution 169; SEC. 123. TERMINATION OF NEW PRODUCTION OF Hinojosa McNulty Serrano and TRIDENT II (D–5) MISSILES. Holden Meehan Sherman Amendment 15, printed in part 2 of (a) PRODUCTION TERMINATION.—Funds ap- Hooley Meek Sisisky Hoyer Menendez Skaggs House Report 105–137, as modified by propriated for the Department of Defense for Jackson (IL) Millender- Skelton section 8(b) of House Resolution 169. fiscal years after fiscal year 1997 may not be Jackson-Lee McDonald Slaughter And, Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous obligated or expended to commence produc- (TX) Minge Smith, Adam consent that this be considered suffi- tion of additional Trident II (D–5) missiles. Jefferson Mink Snyder (b) AUTHORIZED SCOPE OF TRIDENT II (D–5) John Moakley Spratt cient notice for the purposes of section 5 of House Resolution 169. Program.—Amounts appropriated for the De- Johnson (WI) Mollohan Stabenow partment of Defense may be expended for the Johnson, E. B. Moran (VA) Stenholm The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Kanjorski Murtha Stokes Trident II (D–5) missile program only for the LAHOOD). Is there objection to the re- completion of production of those Trident II Kaptur Nadler Strickland quest of the gentleman from South Kennedy (MA) Neal Stupak (D–5) missiles which were commenced with Kennedy (RI) Obey Tanner Carolina? funds appropriated for a fiscal year before Kennelly Olver Tauscher Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, reserv- fiscal year 1998. Kildee Ortiz Thompson ing the right to object, and I do not in- (c) FUNDING REDUCTION.—The amount pro- Kilpatrick Owens Thurman tend to object, but I would simply like vided in section 102 for weapons procurement Kind (WI) Pallone Tierney Kleczka Pascrell Towns to ask the question: Have all of the for the Navy is hereby reduced by Klink Pastor Turner persons who the distinguished Chair $342,000,000. Kucinich Payne Velazquez has laid out as authors of amendments The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the LaFalce Pelosi Vento Lampson Peterson (MN) Visclosky that we will address during the remain- rule, the gentleman from Minnesota Lantos Pickett Waters ing period of this session today been [Mr. LUTHER] and a Member opposed, Levin Poshard Watt (NC) notified as to the agreement? the gentleman from California [Mr. Lewis (GA) Price (NC) Waxman Mr. SPENCE. Yes, we have made HUNTER] each will control 15 minutes. Lofgren Rahall Wexler Lowey Rangel Weygand every attempt to notify them and we The Chair recognizes the gentleman Luther Reyes Wise believe they have been. I have not from Minnesota [Mr. LUTHER]. Maloney (CT) Rivers Woolsey checked every one to make sure, but Maloney (NY) Rodriguez Wynn we, as we talk, will be contacting the Manton Roemer b 1145 Markey Rothman others. Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, I with- Mr. LUTHER. Mr. Chairman, I yield NOT VOTING—24 draw my reservation of objection and, myself such time as I may consume. Ackerman Herger Pomeroy with those admonishments, trust the Mr. Chairman, Members of the Ballenger Johnson, Sam Schiff word of the Chair. House, I am pleased today to join with Barrett (NE) Lipinski Stark my fellow Minnesotan [Mr. RAMSTAD] Bonilla McIntosh Tauzin The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without Clayton Miller (CA) Taylor (NC) objection, the notice shall be consid- in offering this bipartisan amendment DeGette Nethercutt Torres ered sufficient. to the fiscal year 1998 defense author- Doolittle Oberstar Yates There was no objection. ization bill to terminate further pro- Goss Pombo Young (AK) f duction of the Trident D–5 submarine b 1140 launched ballistic missile. NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZA- The Clerk announced the following The Trident D–5 is a ballistic missile TION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 1998 with a range of more than 4,000 nau- pairs: The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- On this vote: tical miles. Each is capable of carrying ant to House Resolution 169 and rule up to 8 independently targetable nu- Mr. Ballenger for, with Ms. DeGette XXIII, the Chair declares the House in clear warheads at speeds in excess of against. the Committee of the Whole House on Mr. McIntosh for, Mr. Stark against. 13,000 miles per hour. The U.S. Navy the State of the Union for the further currently operates a force of 17 Ohio- Ms. MCKINNEY changed her vote consideration of the bill, H.R. 1119. class fleet ballistic missile submarines from ‘‘aye’’ to ‘‘no.’’ b 1144 with an eighteenth boat scheduled to So the resolution was agreed to. join the force later this summer. Eight The result of the vote was announced IN THE COMMITTEE OF THE WHOLE Accordingly the House resolved itself of these submarines, homeported at as above recorded. Bangor, WA, carry the older C–4 mis- A motion to reconsider was laid on into the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union for the fur- sile system. The other 9 Ohio-class subs the table. and the new sub being deployed this f ther consideration of the bill (H.R. 1119) to authorize appropriations for year are homeported at Kings Bay, GA, PERSONAL EXPLANATION fiscal years 1998 and 1999 for military and carry the new Trident D–5 missile activities of the Department of De- system. Each submarine carries 24 mis- Mr. BONILLA. Mr. Speaker, on rollcall No. fense, to prescribe military personnel siles. 220, I was unavoidably detained. Had I been strengths for fiscal years 1998 and 1999, In order to comply with the START present, I would have voted ``aye.'' and for other purposes, with Mr. YOUNG II Treaty, the Navy is planning to re- f of Florida in the chair. tire four of the older subs carrying the The Clerk read the title of the bill. C–4 missiles, but the Navy is currently ALTERING ORDER OF CONSIDER- The CHAIRMAN. When the Commit- planning to back-fit the other four ATION OF AMENDMENTS DURING tee of the Whole rose on Thursday, with the new D–5 missiles. Although FURTHER CONSIDERATION OF June 19, 1997, amendment No. 5, printed the Navy has already an inventory of H.R. 1119, NATIONAL DEFENSE in part 1 of House Report 105–137, of- 350 D–5 missiles, it nevertheless plans AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FIS- fered by the gentleman from Connecti- to procure an additional 84 Trident D– CAL YEAR 1998 cut [Mr. SHAYS], had been disposed of. 5’s through the year 2005, unless Con- Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, pursuant It is now in order to consider amend- gress intercedes. to section 5 of House Resolution 169, I ment No. 6, printed in part 1 of House We believe the responsible course is ask unanimous consent that during Report 105–137. for our Navy to cancel the proposed further consideration of H.R. 1119 in AMENDMENT NO. 6 OFFERED BY MR. LUTHER back-fit of the older C–4 subs and, over the Committee of the Whole, and fol- Mr. LUTHER. Mr. Chairman, I offer time, reduce its fleet of Ohio-class sub- lowing consideration of the Luther an amendment. marines to 10 vessels. With a fleet of 10 H4104 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 Ohio-class submarines carrying the spect to arms control that we disagree our triad. And to do away with the new D–5 missiles, the Navy will no with, conservatives, liberals, Demo- large portion of those in anticipation longer need the additional 84 missiles crats, Republicans, arms control pro- of some future concession on the part they have requested through fiscal ponents, and people who are very skep- of our negotiating partners makes no year 2005. The current inventory of 350 tical of the arms control process. sense. missiles will be sufficient, 240 for the 10 But there are certain cornerstones of Mr. Chairman, I yield to my friend, Trident D–5 subs and 110 for testing our deterrent force and our overall the gentleman from Washington [Mr. purposes. strategy of deterrents that we all agree DICKS]. There are very important reasons on. When I say, ‘‘we all agree on,’’ I am (Mr. DICKS asked and was given per- why this amendment should be ap- speaking of not only of the majority in mission to revise and extend his re- proved by the House of Representa- the Congress but also the President of marks.) tives. The Trident D–5 missile is a cold the United States, whether he is a Mr. DICKS. Mr. Chairman, I thank war weapon specifically designed to de- Democrat or Republican, and his re- the gentleman for yielding me the stroy hardened missile silos and other spective military leaders in the Penta- time, and I rise in opposition to the military targets found in the former gon. Luther amendment and in support of Soviet Union. But today the nuclear I have a lot of disagreements with the committee’s position on this. threat from the former Soviet Union is President Clinton on security, but this One of the problems here is that we dramatically reduced. is not one of them. The President, and have a missile on these older Tridents. While there is still an important role I have several letters, one from his The Pacific Tridents were built first. for strategic nuclear weapons in our ar- CNO and one from his director of the And the older missile, the C–4 missile, senal, that role is dramatically reduced Commander in Chief, the U.S. Strate- has a lifetime up to about 2004. Then, if from what it was in the past, and weap- gic Command, President Clinton does we do not build the D–5 and replace the on procurement should reflect that. not want to see our strategic force, and C–4’s with the D–5’s, we are going to The Congressional Budget Office esti- the most important part of our triad, have to go out and spend billions of mates that this amendment would save which is our submarine force, upon dollars to fix up the C–4 missile. taxpayers with this act this year and which we are going to rely for 50 per- In fact, I have been told that that with future subsequent acts more than cent of our deterrent counterstrike course is more expensive than buying $5.7 billion over 10 years, including $342 force under START II, he does not the newer, more capable missiles. So million in fiscal year 1998. This savings want to see that force reduced, and es- why would we not want to retrofit? The would then be available for personnel pecially to reduce it unilaterally. other problem is, if we have two mis- readiness and military training pur- So let us review the bidding here. We siles, then we have to have two infra- poses or to reduce the deficit. have three legs of the triad. We have structures for the missiles, the D–5’s. Members of the House, the United our missiles based on land. We have our And if we can go to an all D–5 force, States has an unchallenged world lead bomber force. But the most survivable than we can have one missile, one set in the area of submarine-launched bal- forces of our triad, our deterrent sys- of repair parts, and it is actually, in listic missiles. Only Russia, China, tem that has worked for so many terms of ownership, less expensive. France, and Great Britain have this ca- years, is undersea. It is difficult to tar- I would agree with my friend from pability. China has just one submarine get. It is difficult to preempt. And that California [Mr. HUNTER] that until we with 12 ballistic missiles, and the Rus- deterrent force will become more and see what happens in the START talks, sian fleet is outmoded and largely rust- more important under START II if the we would, in my judgment, be pre- ing away in port. A fully modernized Russians ever approve START II. mature to go even from 18 to 14 in fleet of 10 Ohio-class subs carrying Tri- Now here is what my colleagues terms of the number of submarines dent D–5 missiles will continue our should reflect upon: START II has not that we have. And the D–5 program is leadership in this critical area of stra- yet been approved by the Russian in place. We should buy these missiles tegic defense. Duma. Our friends who are offering now while the line is open. We need to Balancing the budget requires con- this amendment are proposing to cut keep this open until we see whether, in tinuing scrutiny of every dollar the back on the number of ballistic missile fact, we are going to get an arms con- Government spends. We need to main- submarines, in anticipation that at trol agreement. tain a strong military and an abso- some point in the future there will be To cut it off now would be premature lutely credible nuclear deterrent force, a START III and the Russians will give and we would have a situation where but we must maintain that defense us reciprocity on this cut and will the submarines in the Atlantic have D– while keeping in mind the realistic somehow come through with cuts of 5’s and none of the submarines in the threats facing our country. A 10 Tri- their own. Pacific would. The D–5 is a more capa- dent submarine fleet, carrying the new That is a very dangerous thing to do. ble missile, and we need to have that D–5 missile, is enough to secure our in- Let us leave all the chips on the side of capability, in my judgment, in both terests. And saving over $5.7 billion by our negotiators so that, as we work oceans. canceling the production of more D–5 down our strategic forces, they give a So I understand the intent here to missiles will make it much easier to chip, we give a chip, they give a chip, try to save some money. We all want to balance the budget in the year 2002. we give a chip, and we still guard or save money. But there is a lot more to I ask that we think about the way we act to detour not only the Russians but this, and it goes right to the security think about military spending. Times others who are now developing nuclear of the country. The D–5 and the Tri- have changed, and I hope this amend- systems around the world. dent submarine are the most surviv- ment that the gentleman from Min- And there are others developing able part of our triad. I think until we nesota [Mr. RAMSTAD] and I are propos- those systems. The Chinese, for exam- get these arms control agreements in ing will help move us into the future. ple, are not a part of the START II place we should stay with this pro- I urge my colleagues to join tax- agreements. They are developing nu- gram, support the administration, who payers for common sense in support of clear systems aimed at American strongly is committed to keeping the this bipartisan amendment. cities. So it is a very dangerous thing D–5 program going. Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance to try to get a jump-start on arms ne- Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Chairman, I yield of my time. gotiations and start unilaterally to as much time as he may consume to Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Chairman, I yield pull down our strategic forces, espe- my friend, the gentleman from Utah myself such time as I may consume. cially the underwater part of our stra- [Mr. HANSEN]. Mr. Chairman, I have great respect tegic forces. Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Chairman, I appre- for both proponents of this amend- All of our military experts, the White ciate my friend from California, Mr. ment, but I have to tell my colleagues House leadership, the Pentagon, and HUNTER yielding me the time. that this amendment is not grounded the majority in Congress, agree the un- Mr. Chairman, here we go again. It in common sense, for a couple of rea- dersea part of our ballistic missile sub- seems like we always go through this sons. There are a lot of things with re- marines are the most survivable part of every year or so on what to do with the June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4105 D–5. I think the point has been made, lion over the next 10 years, without think it is a good deal and it makes and made very well, that as we finally sacrificing our national security. sense. I might remind my colleagues had the cold war come to an end, the We must all strongly support the that of all of the hundreds of arms con- thing that did it was the triad system, need for a strong national defense. But, trol experts and military experts and or the system where we figured out at the same time, we cannot continue deterrent experts that we rely on, in- how we were going to handle this prob- to fund programs that excessively cluding our scientists and our policy- lem. spend scarce resources. makers, whether they are liberal, con- We had the aircraft, and we looked at b 1200 servative, Democrat, Republican, in the old B–52, which is a very, very old the administration or in the Congress, airplane, came out with the B–1 and Mr. Chairman, let me read from this none of those people have been cited as now the B–2. We got the land-based letter from Taxpayers for Common justifying or backing up this unilateral missiles, and now we are going to take Sense: decision to jump start or prejump the the MX and take it out of the silos and As the United States moves to a balanced negotiators by sacrificing one-third of all we will have is the Minuteman III. budget, it is unacceptable for taxpayers to fi- our underwater deterrent. No experts But the ace in the hole, all this nance an outdated missile program origi- nally designed to counter Cold War threats. have been cited. It just looks like it is comes down to, is the D–5. I think most With 350 D–5 missiles already in service, the a good deal for a taxpayers group. people, when they look at this, find out U.S. Navy is well-equipped, making further I would suggest that the reason this that if you can take a boat and hide it D–5 purchases unnecessary. Only a select few defense budget today is $140 billion less somewhere and just sit it somewhere, nations possess SLBM capabilities. The Unit- than the defense budget in 1985 is be- fine. But I still recall, when Les Aspin ed States already leads the world in this cause we were strong, and we built lots was the chairman of the committee, area, with 4 other nations, Russia, China, of Tridents and we put them in the bringing in some admirals and generals France and Great Britain, all trailing in the water. That brought the Russians to from the old Soviet Union, as it was distance. To the extent that the SLBM re- mains a viable strategic weapon in the rede- the negotiating table. The Russians then constituted, and talked about how fined global arena, the United States pos- were never brought to the negotiating difficult it was to stay up with the sesses an adequate deterrent capability. table by us making unilateral conces- modernization of the United States. Let us save the taxpayer $5.7 billion. sions. They were brought to the nego- And the key to this whole thing is Please vote for this amendment. tiating table by us being strong and modernization. C–4 has been a reliable Mr. Chairman, I include for the then doing one for one, under Ronald missile, but it is the D–5 that now gives RECORD the letter from Jill Lancelot Reagan and George Bush and now us the ace in the hole. from Taxpayers for Common Sense: under Bill Clinton. That means they It would seem to me that now we TAXPAYERS FOR COMMON $ENSE, give a chip, we give a chip. We do not have the opportunity to finish out all June 19, 1997. unilaterally pull the rug out from 14 boats, get them up to this very, very SUPPORT LUTHER-RAMSTAD AMENDMENT TO under our negotiators by giving up big accurate missile, a missile with more DOD BILL: CUT D–5 MISSILE—SAVE $5.7 BIL- pieces of our triad. range, a missile that can do the job LION Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the that gives us that deciding edge that DEAR REPRESENTATIVES LUTHER AND gentleman from Washington [Mr. we finally won with the Soviet Union RAMSTAD: Taxpayers for Common $ense is DICKS]. years ago. It would be very foolish, in pleased to support the Luther-Ramstad Mr. DICKS. Mr. Chairman, in fact I my humble opinion, to do away with it. amendment to the FY98 Defense Authoriza- think Secretary Longuemare makes a It also puts our negotiators in a very tion Bill to end further procurement of the good point in support of what the gen- D–5 submarine-launched ballistic missile bad position when we have Congress (SLBM) and deactivate eight Trident sub- tleman just said: micromanaging what they are going to marines currently equipped with an older Delaying the backfit of 4 SSBNs with D–5 do and what type of armament they missile system. This amendment would both missiles sends the wrong message to Russia. would use. eliminate future purchases of a weapon cost- It removes Russia’s incentive to ratify I have great respect for my friend ing $50 million per missile and cancel the START II in a timely manner and begin from Minnesota, but in my humble backfitting of submarines with older missile START III negotiations as agreed in Hel- opinion, it would be a smart thing to systems, leading to ultimate savings of $5.7 sinki. defeat this amendment and go ahead billion. I have to agree. I think this would As the United States moves to a balanced with the production of the D–5. send the wrong message. If we are budget, it is unacceptable for taxpayers to fi- going to bring down the strategic Mr. LUTHER. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 nance an outdated missile program origi- minutes to the gentleman from Min- nally designed to counter Cold War threats. forces, we want to bring them down on nesota [Mr. RAMSTAD], cosponsor of the With 350D–5 missiles currently in service, the both sides. amendment. U.S. Navy is more than well-equipped, mak- I also would take some umbrage (Mr. RAMSTAD asked and was given ing further D–5 purchases unnecessary. Only about the status of the Russian Navy. permission to revise and extend his re- a select few nations possess SLBM capabili- As the ranking Democrat on the Per- marks.) ties. The U.S. already leads the world in this manent Select Committee on Intel- Mr. RAMSTAD. Mr. Chairman, I area, with four other nations, Russia, China, ligence and someone who has served 19 France and Great Britain, all trailing in the years on defense appropriations, this is thank my colleague for yielding me distance. To the extent that the SLBM still this time. remains a viable strategic weapon in the re- one area in the submarine area where Mr. Chairman, I rise today in strong defined global arena, the U.S. possesses an the Russians are still making signifi- support of the Ramstad amendment to adequate deterrent capability. cant investments. I would not charac- terminate further production of the To ensure that we achieve the goal of a terize their submarine capabilities as Trident D–5 submarine launched ballis- balanced budget, Congress must make dif- defective or weak. They have very ca- tic missile. As we continue our efforts ficult decisions regarding each and every pable submarines, particularly in the here to balance the budget and reduce dollar. Your amendment represents a sen- attack area. sible balance between sound defense policy Mr. LUTHER. Mr. Chairman, I yield 2 the Federal debt, each and every Gov- and sound budget policy. ernment program, including defense, Sincerely, minutes to the gentlewoman from must be scrutinized for potential sav- JILL LANCELOT, Michigan [Ms. RIVERS]. ings. The further production of the Tri- Legislative Director. Ms. RIVERS. Mr. Chairman, in the dent D–5 missile is one such program. Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Chairman, I yield past Members of Congress were often- We already have over 350 Trident D– myself 11⁄2 minutes to respond briefly times reluctant to propose decreases in 5’s in service. At a cost of over $50 mil- to the gentleman from Minnesota. defense spending. Those who had the lion each, we simply cannot afford to Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from temerity to suggest that we cut the continue increasing the size of this Minnesota cited a taxpayer group and spending that we do for the military or missile force, nor do we need to, as our their decision, their unilateral decision in areas of weaponry could pretty missile capability is more than ade- to disarm approximately one-third of much expect to see a 30-second ad at- quate. By ending production of this America’s most important leg of the tacking their courage, their character, missile, we will save taxpayers $5.7 bil- strategic triad on the basis that they and their patriotism. H4106 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 Things are changing here in Washing- operation really has to win the day General Butler’s statement reads in ton. This is a new Congress and it is a here. There was a time when I thought part: ‘‘With the end of the cold war, new era. No longer do we have pro- we could have done without the D–5 these weapons are of sharply reduced grams that are immune from scrutiny. missile. But now as we have moved to utility, and there is much to be gained No longer do we not look at how we a point where it is the dominant sys- by substantially reducing their num- spend taxpayers’ dollars. Every dollar tem out there and we need to make bers.’’ He went on to say, ‘‘We should spent must be justified. sure we complete that work here today explore the feasibility of their ultimate I join the gentleman from Minnesota because of the effect overall on the complete elimination.’’ in supporting their proposal to strip cost of maintenance, supply, of train- Obviously, we should not be putting the unnecessary and ultimately waste- ing, it adds a complication to a smaller in new nuclear weapons. What do the ful proposal within this Department of Navy that frankly is bothersome and American people say? In an April poll, Defense budget to continue production frankly is something that we cannot 77 percent of those questioned favored of Trident D–5 missiles, and in doing so, afford to do. the elimination of all nuclear weapons. to save the American taxpayer $5.7 bil- I would join my colleagues in oppos- ing the amendment. Mr. LUTHER. Mr. Chairman, I yield lion. Thomas Jefferson said many, myself the balance of my time. many, many years ago: Mr. LUTHER. Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentlewoman from Cali- The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman Sound principles will not justify our taxing 1 the industry of our fellow citizen to accumu- fornia [Ms. WOOLSEY]. from Minnesota is recognized for 3 ⁄2 late treasure for wars to happen we know not (Ms. WOOLSEY asked and was given minutes. when and which might not ever happen but permission to revise and extend her re- Mr. LUTHER. Mr. Chairman, I want from the temptation offered by that treas- marks.) to first of all express my thanks to the ure. Ms. WOOLSEY. Mr. Chairman, I am gentleman from South Carolina [Mr. I think that is still true today. With especially pleased to speak on behalf of SPENCE], the chairman of the commit- this amendment, we are not hurting this amendment because it represents a tee; the gentleman from California our capability to wage war in the fu- cause that I have taken up in the past. [Mr. DELLUMS], the ranking member; ture should that become necessary. I thank the gentleman from Minnesota and the gentleman from Washington Even if we choose to retire our aging [Mr. LUTHER] and the gentleman from [Mr. DICKS] for their consideration. vessels, we are left with 10 modern sub- Minnesota [Mr. RAMSTAD] for bringing Also, I want to thank the gentleman marines equipped with 240 D–5 missiles. it back to the floor yet again. from Minnesota [Mr. RAMSTAD] and all More appropriately we have the appro- Mr. Chairman, the issue here is sim- of the other speakers who spoke so elo- priate number left behind for testing ple. We no longer need the Trident D– quently on behalf of this amendment. 5 missile to defend our country. This and replacement and we will save the Before we move to a vote on this public $5.7 billion. missile was designed specifically to counter the threat of the Soviet Union, issue, I would like to leave just a cou- This DOD proposal is a poor use of re- ple of thoughts with the Members of sources. By eliminating the backfitting a threat which no longer exists. Under this amendment, Mr. Chairman, the the House. First of all, please keep in of the C–4 subs, we will stop what is es- mind that unlike the B–2 bomber, the sentially a plan to put old wine in new United States will retain its current inventory of Trident D–5 missiles and D–5 missile is not a dual-use weapons bottles. The C–4 subs are too old to submarines. All this amendment will system. There is no conventional war- have a lot of service life left in them do is stop further production of this fare role for the D–5. Its sole utility is and they are likely to be eliminated as costly missile, saving Americans $342 as a strategic nuclear weapon. If my has been suggested by START II. But million next year and saving over 10 colleagues are interested in voting to even if we keep the C–4’s, a 1992 DOD years $5.7 billion. cut a weapons system that will not af- study said that the current C–4 mis- Mr. Chairman, we should be reducing fect our ability to wage the conven- siles would last until 2015. This pro- our nuclear stockpile, not building it tional or regional wars that we must be posal in no way will do what others up. Stopping production of the Trident prepared for, this is the system. have suggested, that we are stripping will send a clear message that the Second, keep in mind our experience some of our submarines of arms. The United States is truly committed to a with the Minuteman III land-based internal documents of the Department nuclear nonproliferation policy. ICBM. Many of my colleagues will re- of Defense suggest that that is just not Mr. Chairman, let us not fool our- member the plans in the 1980’s to re- true. selves. Production of the Trident mis- place the Minuteman with the MX. We I support this cut. I hope others will sile is the equivalent of flushing $5.7 decided to scrap those plans. Today the as well. I think they should stand up billion down the toilet over the next 10 Minuteman III serves as the backbone for the principle here and feel secure in years when we should actually be fund- of our land-based leg of the triad. The their patriotism because Calvin Coo- ing programs that we truly need, such C–4 missiles we are retiring are much lidge once said, ‘‘Patriotism is easy to as education, job training, health care, more modern weapons than the Min- understand in America. It means look- and environmental protection. uteman III’s. ing out for yourself by looking out for The cold war is history, Mr. Chair- Under this amendment we will con- your country.’’ man. I urge my colleagues to join me tinue to have 18 Trident subs through This amendment is good for our in closing this chapter of the history the year 2001 and we will not be down country. book by supporting the Luther- to 10 subs until 2005. Until that date, Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Chairman, I yield Ramstad amendment. 1 minute to the gentleman from Con- Mr. LUTHER. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 the C–4 missile will continue to serve its important role in our strategic de- necticut [Mr. GEJDENSON]. minute to the gentlewoman from Or- fense just like the Minuteman III. Mr. GEJDENSON. Mr. Chairman, I egon [Ms. FURSE]. want to join my colleagues, the gen- Ms. FURSE. Mr. Chairman, I rise in The opponents of this amendment tleman from California [Mr. HUNTER] support of the Luther-Ramstad amend- have made the same arguments here on and the gentleman from Washington ment. We can safely reduce our fleet of the floor that have been made over the [Mr. DICKS], and others, in opposing the Trident submarines to 10 and that will years, to run our defense budget up to amendment. I know the amendment is make us save $344 million. I would say the level that it is at today and to run genuinely offered. I was an opponent of that nuclear weapons are becoming ob- the debt of this country up to the $5.3 the D–5 missile at the beginning of the solete, but that is not important. What trillion of debt that we have today. program because frankly I felt the is important is what the experts say. I urge Members of the House to reject original missile was adequate. The re- This last December, 60 generals and ad- that approach today. A vote for this ality, however, is that the argument mirals, including Gen. Lee Butler, who amendment will save $5.7 billion of un- that the gentleman from Washington was the former Commander of the U.S. necessary spending. My colleagues [Mr. DICKS] makes about a unified sys- Strategic Air Command, called for the have made that commitment to their tem without the complexities and costs eventual elimination of nuclear weap- constituents to do away with unneces- of supporting two missiles in the same ons. sary spending. June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4107 b 1215 So let us stay with the program. At What is the proposal? Go now to 10 And we can use that money for other some point in the future, as my col- boats. The Navy could then with 10 more important purposes or to help leagues know, we may get down to 14, boats meet essential requirements balance the budget. but that is going to be when we have under START II today and the antici- I thank my colleagues for their con- agreed to it, when there is a negotiated pated requirements under START III sideration. agreement between the 2 sides. framework tomorrow. We can do both The CHAIRMAN. The remaining time To do it unilaterally I think would be simultaneously. is 31⁄2 minutes to the gentleman from a very serious mistake, and I urge a no Think boldly. Not from 16, 14, 13, 12; California [Mr. HUNTER] who has the vote on the Luther Ramstad amend- go to 10. My colleagues know where right to close. ment. they are headed. Save the money. Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Chairman, I yield Mr. HUNTER. I thank the gentleman We have been talking about a 5-year myself such time as I may consume. from Washington [Mr. DICKS] for his budget agreement where we have to Mr. Chairman, I think this is an ex- very articulate statement. scrutinize every dollar. Well, get out of ample of snatching defeat from the Mr. Chairman, I yield back the bal- this little cautious approach that we jaws of victory. We have an arms con- ance of my time and urge a no vote on have and save people money. By vary- trol process that is walking down the this amendment. ing the number of missiles outloaded line that has taken us to the point The CHAIRMAN. All time has ex- per boat and the number of warheads where we are waiting for the Soviet pired. uploaded per missile this can be accom- Union to ratify the second arms agree- Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I plished within the current 350-missile ment. We have got a situation where move to strike the requisite number of inventory. we can get a quid pro quo; that means words. This approach would save us, as I when we take down a weapons system, The CHAIRMAN. Under section 2(c) said, from expensive C–5 retrofit for the Soviet Union, now Russia, will of the rule, the gentleman does have four to eight boats. That is not nec- take down a weapons system, and I that right and is recognized for 5 min- essary, the multibillion-dollar cost to buy 84 D–5 missiles planned through want to answer just a couple of things utes. Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I have the year 2005, and the operation and that the proponents of this amendment listened very carefully to both sides of support costs associated with the made that are just not the case, a cou- this debate, and I would like to indi- above. ple of their arguments. Do the math on that, Mr. Chairman; First, this does not save any money. cate to my colleagues that I rise in we have saved the American taxpayer According to the Navy it is $2.3 billion strong support of the amendment of- $10, $15 billion. to upgrade the C–4 missile. If we are fered by my distinguished colleague. Now let us have the discussion. But move beyond the point that they not going to have the D–5, we are going I would ask my colleagues: are trying to make. We all know that to have to upgraded the C–4. That is ‘‘Would you authorize new construc- we are trying to go to a new world. We $2.3 billion. According to the Navy, if tion on a base you’re going to close?’’ all know that we are moving toward we add all the termination costs, we The point I make here is that if we fewer and fewer nuclear weapons and are actually going to pay, the tax- know where we are headed, we know greater capability. payers will pay, 60 million more dollars where we are going, the only issue is My colleague from California says to maintain the old C–4 missile then to how do we get there most efficiently, this is unilateral disarmament. That is complete the project on the D–5 mis- most effectively, and, in this limited bizarre. What we are looking at, at this sile. So we do not save money for the dollar environment, most economi- point, is the Navy buying a fixed taxpayers according to the Navy. We cally. amount of missiles and then varying spend an extra $60 million. I would suggest, Mr. Chairman, that the boats. But second and most importantly, we think boldly, not this incremental Now, one does not have to be too there have been no experts here that cautious step that ends up costing the smart to recognize that a boat costs a have said that we should unilaterally American taxpayers billions and bil- hell of a lot of money, a lot more eliminate this program without getting lions of dollars at a time when we do money than the missile. I say turn it anything from the Soviet Union. The not need to spend them. around, think rationally, vary the assembled admirals and generals who Now, when my colleagues on this side number of missiles, fix the number of were quoted here simply said we should of the aisle in support of the amend- boats. Go quickly to 10. I know it is eventually do away with nuclear weap- ment have indicated that it would save bold, but I want to shake my col- ons. Well, the best way to eventually them $5.67 billion, Mr. Chairman, that leagues up some. We have been talking do away with nuclear weapons is to is only part of the savings. about saving American people money. have something to negotiate with to My colleagues who oppose this This is not about unilateralism. Those get the Soviets to and the Russians to amendment said: But we will have to are euphemisms and hot-button words, walk down on their inventory. upgrade C–4 missiles. but rational intelligent, thought says This is giving up something unilater- Think boldly. I am going to give my that we ought to go someplace, save ally that means we will not get a con- colleagues a proposal that does not re- money. cession from Russia for it, we will not quire them to improve C–4 missiles. With those thoughts I am in enthu- get an SS–18 removed, we will not get Think boldly. I am going to give my siastic and overwhelming support to one of their strategic boats removed, colleagues a proposal that does not re- the gentleman’s amendment. we will simply make a unilateral con- quire them to retrofit. One last point. If there is any prob- cession. Think boldly. I am going to give my lem with the gentleman’s amendment, So we get nothing for it economi- colleagues a proposal that does not it is that he has thought further out cally, we get nothing for it in terms of allow them to have to worry about two than most people have thought. He got arms control; it is not an amendment missiles. here faster than anybody got here. This of value, it is a dangerous amendment. We are sitting here debating about debate is a preview of a debate that we Mr. Chairman, I yield such time as he whether it is boats or missiles. It is are going to have next year and the may consume to the gentleman from about warheads. The boats and the year after next. I compliment the gen- Washington [Mr. DICKS]. missiles are only the delivery system. tleman for his over-the-horizon forward Mr. DICKS. Mr. Chairman, I just What we are looking at, at this point, thinking. He got there before every- want to compliment the gentleman. He are a large number of boats with few body did. He put before this body what has got this exactly right. This is one warheads. needs to be discussed, and it needs to of those ironies. If we kill the D–5, we Think boldly. Few boats, greater be discussed now, and the earlier we are going to spend more on the existing number of warheads, saving the Amer- start to think about it, the better off missile which is less capable. It is less ican taxpayers not just $5.7 billion, but we will be. capable. And then we got 2 systems, we two to three times more money at a Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Chairman, I ask are going to have the duplication in re- time that we live in a limited dollar unanimous consent to exercise the au- pair, spare parts and everything else. environment. thority to strike the last word. H4108 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection second arms control agreement has not The question was taken; and the to the request of the gentleman from even been ratified by the Russian Chairman announced that the noes ap- California? Duma does not make any sense in that peared to have it. There was no objection. it is totally inconsistent with our his- Mr. LUTHER. Mr. Chairman, I de- The CHAIRMAN. The chair recog- tory. And I think my friend wants to mand a recorded vote, and pending that nizes the gentleman from California for talk, and I am going to yield to him. I make the point of order that a 5 minutes. Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gen- quorum is not present. Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Chairman, I just tleman from California [Mr. DELLUMS]. The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to House wanted to take this time to engage Mr. DELLUMS. One very quick re- Resolution 169, further proceedings on with my colleague and with the other sponse to the gentleman is: The logic. the amendment offered by the gen- side, and I just want to go over the Do we build up to build down. To build tleman from Minnesota [Mr. LUTHER] points that have been made earlier and up we are going to spend billions of dol- will be postponed. the points that he spoke to. lars and we know we are ultimately The point of no quorum is considered First, according to the Navy, and if going to build down. That is the answer withdrawn. to the gentleman’s point, that is the we are going to save money, we have b got to put a pencil to the balance sheet central part of this debate, and that is 1230 and we have to try to figure out wheth- what needs to be developed. If we ac- The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to section er extending the life of the C–4 is going cept the logic of spending money going 5 of House Resolution 169, it is now in to be cheaper or more expensive than up so we negotiate to go down, the gen- order to consider amendment No. 22 in buying the rest of the D–5. If money, tleman may have a point. part 2 of House Report 105–137. I do not see the point in that, I do and I would submit there is a lot more AMENDMENT NO. 22 OFFERED BY MR. HEFLEY not see the wisdom, and I certainly do to this debate than just money, but if Mr. HEFLEY. Mr. Chairman, I offer money is the object, we have got to put not see the economics. Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Chairman, I will an amendment. a pencil to it and see if it works. Ac- explain what I think is the wisdom The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will des- cording to the Navy it does not work, there. ignate the amendment. and we end up spending $60 million We are going to a smaller and small- The text of the amendment is as fol- more extending the life of the C–4 mis- er strategic triad. Both sides have lows: sile then completing the program on D– agreed that part of the triad that re- Amendment No. 22 offered by Mr. HEFLEY: 5. Now that is the fact. mains is going to be as modern and ef- At the end of title XXXIV (page 504, after Second, let me just say to my friend, fective and as reliable as possible. line 3), insert the following new section: as my colleagues know, this is a long Now our experts have determined SEC. 3404. TRANSFER OF JURISDICTION, NAVAL debate that we have been in; he and I that the most reliable part of the stra- OIL SHALE RESERVES NUMBERED 1 have debated arms control for 16 years AND 3. tegic triad is the undersea part; it is (a) TRANSFER REQUIRED.—Chapter 641 of now, and I can recall the early days of certainly the most invulnerable part, title 10, United States Code, is amended by the 1980’s when Ronald Reagan was and that the D–5 missile is an impor- adding at the end the following new section: building a stronger strategic deterrent. tant component of that part of the ‘‘§ 7439. Certain oil shale reserves: transfer of juris- My friend answered ‘‘No, that is not strategic triad. It is the most modern, diction and petroleum exploration, de- the way to go, and you are driving the the most accurate, the most effective, velopment, and production Russians away from the bargaining the most reliable. ‘‘(a) TRANSFER REQUIRED.—(1) Upon the en- table,’’ and when the Russians were So when we are going to build down actment of this section, the Secretary of En- lining our European allies’ borders and we are going to get down to a ergy shall transfer to the Secretary of the smaller number of units, carrying that Interior administrative jurisdiction over all with SS–20 missiles and Ronald Reagan public domain lands included within Oil said we are going to put in ground- very important American deterrent, we Shale Reserve Numbered 1 and those public launched cruise missiles and Pershings want to have the best. domain lands included within the undevel- to meet them, and there was enormous Now the Russians, I would offer to oped tract of Oil Shale Reserve Numbered 3. debate in Europe in the mid 1980’s, my friend, have done exactly the same ‘‘(2) Not later than one year after the date there were many people on this side of thing. They have not thrown away of the enactment of this section, the Sec- the ocean, many pundits, many jour- their modern stuff and left their old retary of Energy shall transfer to the Sec- nalists, many Members of Congress stuff. They have kept the most modern retary of the Interior administrative juris- part of their own strategic triad in diction over those public domain lands in- who said, ‘‘You are driving the Rus- cluded within the developed tract of Oil sians away from the negotiating place. It is our right under the arms control Shale Reserve Numbered 3, which consists of table,’’ but by being strong and by es- approximately 6,000 acres and 24 natural gas tablishing a reinforced strategic triad, agreement to stay strong in that re- wells, together with pipelines and associated and that included our land based sys- spect. I think we owe it to the Amer- facilities. tems, going with the B–1 bomber on ican people to stay strong in that re- ‘‘(3) Notwithstanding the transfer of juris- our air breathing systems and putting spect. diction, the Secretary of Energy shall con- Mr. Chairman, I yield to the gen- more capability into our undersea sys- tinue to be responsible for all environmental tleman from California [Mr. DELLUMS]. restoration, waste management, and envi- tems we brought the Russians to the Mr. DELLUMS. To establish some re- ronmental compliance activities that are re- negotiating table, and one day the ality to people who are listening to quired under Federal and State laws with re- phone rang and all of a sudden the Rus- this debate, we already have 350 of spect to conditions existing on the lands at sians wanted to talk, and we started these missiles. The debate is whether the time of the transfer. down this trail of arms negotiations. we buy 84 additional ones. I am saying ‘‘(4) Upon the transfer to the Secretary of But the genius of our side in the the Interior of jurisdiction over public do- that is the build up to build down. main lands under this subsection, the other arms negotiations and reductions has In my proposal we can stay within been that we have gotten a quid pro provisions of this chapter shall cease to the anticipated requirements of apply with respect to the transferred lands. quo for everything we have given up, START II, of the START II negotia- ‘‘(b) AUTHORITY TO LEASE.—(1) Beginning we have gotten something in return. tion, and what we anticipate in START on the date of the enactment of this section, The President of the United States said III, we can do that within the current or as soon thereafter as practicable, the Sec- ‘‘Trust but verify.’’ We do not unilater- inventory of 350. Why buy 84 more be- retary of the Interior shall enter into leases ally make concessions. That has cause we know we are going to come with one or more private entities for the pur- worked, Mr. Chairman. We are now down again? pose of exploration for, and development and walking the Russians down on arms That logic escapes me; the gentleman production of, petroleum (other than in the form of oil shale) located on or in public do- control. cannot make me understand that. So the gentleman’s ascertation that main lands in Oil Shale Reserves Numbered The CHAIRMAN. All time has ex- 1 and 3 (including the developed tract of Oil this is a brilliant thing for Congress to pired. Shale Reserve Numbered 3). Any such lease unilaterally start giving up pieces of The question is on the amendment shall be made in accordance with the re- the strategic triad in anticipation of a offered by the gentleman from Min- quirements of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 third arms control agreement when the nesota [Mr. LUTHER]. U.S.C 181 et seq.) regarding the lease of oil June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4109 and gas lands and shall be subject to valid tary Readiness of the Committee on calls for the leasing of the naval oil existing rights. National Security last year. shale petroleum reserves. I agree with ‘‘(2) Notwithstanding the delayed transfer The Department of Energy would be him that this is the better disposition of the developed tract of Oil Shale Reserve responsible for 50 acres of cleanup at of these properties in terms of the ben- Numbered 3 under subsection (a)(2), the Sec- the NOSR site 3. The amendment speci- retary of the Interior shall enter into a lease efit to the taxpayers of the United under paragraph (1) with respect to the de- fies that any environmental assess- States, whose resource or asset this is. veloped tract before the end of the one-year ment costs for the leasing program will These properties were set aside by period beginning on the date of the enact- be funded out of unobligated adminis- the Federal Government after the turn ment of this section. trative funds at the Bureau of Land of the century when the Navy turned ‘‘(c) MANAGEMENT.—The Secretary of the Management. The amendment will from coal-fired to oil-fired vessels. Interior, acting through the Director of the allow a continuing revenue stream to They are no longer recorded as nec- Bureau of Land Management, shall manage the United States Transfer and leasing essary to national security purposes, the lands transferred under subsection (a) in would, at worst, result in no loss to the accordance with the Federal and Land Policy and the property, therefore, can appro- and Management Act of 1976 (43 U.S.C. 1701 et Treasury and has the potential to rake priately be disposed of. But it ought to seq.) and other laws applicable to the public in as much as $126 million in Federal be disposed of in a way that the profit lands. revenues over the next 10 years. Even or the income derived therefrom re- ‘‘(d) TRANSFER OF EXISTING EQUIPMENT.— the CBO’s conservative estimates give dound to the benefit of all of the people The lease of lands by the Secretary of the In- this amendment a positive score of $10 and all of the States of the United terior under this section may include the million. States. transfer, at fair market value, of any well, The State of Colorado has done a The problem that I have with the gathering line, or related equipment owned study which appears to show that the gentleman’s amendment is that, by by the United States on the lands trans- Federal share of royalty revenues ferred under subsection (a) and suitable for transferring the properties from the use in the exploration, development, or pro- through the first 5 years of the leasing Department of Energy to the Depart- duction of petroleum on the lands. program could total up to $53.1 million. ment of the Interior and directing their ‘‘(e) COST MINIMIZATION.—The cost of any Later revenues could run that total to leasing under the Mineral Leasing Act, environmental assessment required pursuant $126.6 million. it essentially has the practical effect of to the National Environmental Policy Act of Leasing under my amendment would saying that 50 percent of all of the rev- 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) in connection be conducted under the Mineral Leas- enues generated from the leasing will with a proposed lease under this section ing Act of 1920. Precedent has been set shall be paid out of unobligated amounts redound to the State of Colorado, and for a 50–50 royalty split under that act. only 50 percent, instead of 100 percent, available for administrative expenses of the This split was developed through nego- Bureau of Land Management. will redound to the benefit of all of the tiations on leasing of oil on National ‘‘(f) DISTRIBUTION OF RECEIPTS.—Notwith- other States of the Union. standing any other provision of law, all mon- Petroleum Reserve No. 4 in Alaska in We are dealing here with property eys received from a lease under this section the 1970’s, and it took 40 years to de- which has always been Federal prop- (including sales, bonuses, royalties (includ- velop this agreement. The split is also erty. It was Federal when Utah, Colo- ing interest charges collected under the Fed- endorsed by the Energy Department. rado, and California entered the Union; eral Oil and Gas Royalty Management Act of The Committee on Resources appar- it has been Federal through all of the 1982 (30 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.)), and rentals) ently has no problem with inclusion in years since. Now that it is not nec- shall be paid and distributed under section 35 the defense authorization, as long as essary for national security purposes of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 191) in the 50–50 split is maintained. the same manner as moneys derived from In conclusion, this is an issue that and should be disposed of, it should be other oil and gas leases involving public do- has been around for at least 8 years disposed of in a way that redounds best main lands other than naval petroleum re- to the interest of all of the States of serves.’’. that I have been involved in it. Senator CAMPBELL first introduced it over here, the Union and its taxpayers. (b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The tale of sec- While I have no disagreement with tions at the beginning of such chapter is and I got a bill in the past two Con- any equitable claims that Colorado amended by adding at the end the following gresses. Two years ago I asked that it new item: be included in the defense mark. It was may mount as to having added value ‘‘7439. Certain oil shale reserves: transfer of believed more study was needed and or- that generates additional revenue and jurisdiction and petroleum ex- dered the Energy Department to study there being recompense for it, nor ploration, development, and the issue. This spring the Energy De- would I have any objection, since we production.’’. partment delivered this report which I are dealing with a resource that we are The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the showed earlier, and its findings mir- using only for purposes of generating rule, the gentleman from Colorado [Mr. rored this amendment. I am trying to revenue, to Colorado receiving income HEFLEY] and a Member opposed, the do in this amendment what the Energy in lieu of taxes as they would on pri- gentleman from Virginia [Mr. BATE- Department in their study and the De- vate property that was being leased. MAN] each will control 5 minutes. partment of the Interior have sug- But I do not see the reason, nor the eq- The Chair recognizes the gentleman gested that we do. uity, of the taxpayers of America, from Colorado [Mr. HEFLEY]. Despite these findings, this proposal whose asset this is, receiving only 50 Mr. HEFLEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield has not been seriously considered, and percent of the benefit. myself such time as I may consume. despite the fact its central premise is There is a further problem with the I have an amendment that would endorsed by the very report the sub- amendment in that it deals only with transfer the administrative jurisdic- committee commissioned. The amend- the Naval Oil Shale Petroleum Re- tion over oil shale reserves 1 and 3 from ment offers us the opportunity to bene- serves 1 and 3 in Colorado. It does not the Department of Energy to the Bu- fit the State, private industry, and the deal with the Naval Petroleum Reserve reau of Land Management at the De- Federal Treasury, and that is a rare op- No. 2 in California, nor with the naval partment of the Interior. It would di- portunity. Therefore, Mr. Chairman, I petroleum reserves in Utah, nor Naval rect the leasing of oil and gas, natural ask for the support of the body. Oil Shale Reserve No. 2 in, I believe, gas rights on two reserves and the out- Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance Wyoming. This is a defect in the bill in right sale of some existing equipment. of my time. the context of how to work out a total The bill is based upon discussions be- Mr. BATEMAN. Mr. Chairman, I solution of the proper and most sound tween the two departments. It em- yield myself such time as I may disposition of these resources. bodies four points of agreement be- consume. It is for those reasons that I would tween the two agencies. It reflects rec- I rise in reluctant opposition to the ask for a no vote on the gentleman’s ommendations of an Energy Depart- gentleman’s amendment and wish that amendment, and hope that we will be ment report entitled ‘‘Report and Rec- I had more than 5 minutes in order to able to work with the Senate, which ommendations on Management and explain the background and the reason has a different provision in their bill, Disposition of Naval Petroleum Oil why. in order to see that an equitable and Shale Reserves.’’ This report was a re- I am not in disagreement with the comprehensive disposition is made of quest from the Subcommittee on Mili- gentleman’s amendment insofar as it these properties. H4110 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance mayor of the city of Denver, which the SEC. 1205. PRESIDENTIAL CERTIFICATIONS CON- of my time. last time I checked, was in Colorado. CERNING DETARGETING OF RUS- SIAN INTERCONTINENTAL BALLIS- Mr. HEFLEY. Mr. Chairman, I yield What I am suggesting is a more equi- TIC MISSILES. myself such time as I may consume. table disposition that is in keeping (a) REQUIRED CERTIFICATIONS.—Not later The gentleman from Virginia [Mr. with the findings of the General Ac- than January 1, 1998, the President shall sub- BATEMAN] and I agree on most aspects counting Office, and I would again ask mit to Congress a report containing a certifi- of this. He is just scared to death that cation by the President of each of the follow- for a ‘‘no’’ vote on the amendment. ing: Colorado might get something that it Mr. SKAGGS. Mr. Chairman, I urge support (1) Whether it is possible for the United does not deserve. of this amendment. There are many reasons, States to verify by technical means that a I make no argument when the State but three are particularly important: Russian ICBM is or is not targeted at a site of Virginia gets help cleaning up the First, because it cuts red tape. DOE isn't a in the United States. Chesapeake Bay, which we did not pol- (2) The length of time it would take for a land-management agency, and the Interior De- lute, but I think it is important that Russian ICBM formerly, but no longer, tar- partment's Bureau of Land Management we clean it up. But he seems to be geted at a site in the United States to be re- (BLM) already does most of the management targeted at a site in the United States. afraid that we are going to get some- of these lands, under an agreement with DOE. (3) Whether a Russian ICBM that was for- thing in the West that we should not Our amendment would simply make BLM's merly, but is no longer, targeted at a site in have. the United States would be automatically re- role permanent, and end duplication. This amendment mirrors the rec- targeted at a site in the United States in the ommendations of a report delivered to Second, because it's good for multiple-use event of an accidental launch of such mis- the Subcommittee on Military Readi- management: Oil shale isn't a realistic energy sile. source now, but some of these lands also (b) RUSSIAN ICBMS DEFINED.—For purposes ness in March. That report rec- of subsection (a), the term ‘‘Russian ICBM’’ ommended the transfer and leasing of have potential for natural gas. Under our amendment, BLM would make these areas means an intercontinental ballistic missile all three Navy oil shale reserves, the of the Russian Federation. available for leasing, under the same laws that two involved in this amendment and The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the govern leasing of other lands BLM manages. one in Utah. The Energy Department rule, the gentleman from Pennsylvania At the same time, other uses (like grazing, endorsed transfer and leasing because [Mr. WELDON] and a Member opposed hunting, and fishing) would continue under ex- it says in the report BLM management each will control 5 minutes. would yield a wide variety of economic perienced BLM management. The Chair recognizes the gentleman and noneconomic benefits to the Na- And, third, because it's good for the environ- from Pennsylvania [Mr. WELDON]. tion. The amendment also retains the ment: Part of these lands have high environ- Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. split, as we have already talked about. mental values, including many rare plants and Chairman, I yield myself such time as Let me explain why this is a good animals. Under our amendment, BLM, through I may consume. thing. First, it is the law. The Mineral its planning process, will provide for their con- (Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania asked Leasing Act provides an exemption for tinued protection and will consider whether and was given permission to revise and a revenue split on strategic properties, some of these lands should be set aside as extend his remarks.) but the only time the subject has aris- wilderness or given other special protected Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. en under the Department of Energy in- designation. Chairman, I rise to support this amend- volved NPR No. 4 in Alaska in the Mr. Chairman, transferring these lands to ment, which may seem unimportant to 1970’s. After lawsuits and much nego- BLM makes sense, and has been rec- some, but which is perhaps in my opin- tiations, the two sides settled on the ommended by the administration. I urge the ion one of the most important state- 50–50 split. House to follow that recommendation and to ments that this body will make in this Mr. Chairman, I yield whatever time approve this amendment. bill this year. Mr. Chairman, as all of us know, the I have remaining to the gentleman The CHAIRMAN. All time has ex- funding level for what our military from Colorado [Mr. MCINNIS]. pired. needs are is largely determined by the The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman The question is on the amendment threat that is perceived by the Amer- from Colorado [Mr. MCINNIS] is recog- offered by the gentleman from Colo- ican people and by Members of Con- nized for 10 seconds. rado [Mr. HEFLEY]. gress. So if the American people per- Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Chairman, what The question was taken; and the ceive that there is no threat, then in the good gentleman from Colorado [Mr. Chairman announced that the noes ap- fact they want us to cut defense spend- HEFLEY] has said is absolutely correct. peared to have it. ing. If they in fact think there is an This is the recommendation of the De- Mr. HEFLEY. Mr. Chairman, I de- emerging threat, then they respond partment of Energy and I urge my col- mand a recorded vote, and pending and say increase defense spending. leagues to support it. It makes budg- that, I make the point of order that a Now, our colleagues are going around etary sense, and again, it follows the quorum is not present. saying well, the American people are recommendations of the Department of The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to House satisfied; we are spending too much on Energy. Resolution 169, further proceedings on defense. Mr. BATEMAN. Mr. Chairman, I the amendment offered by the gen- Mr. Chairman, my question is, why yield myself such time as I may tleman from Colorado [Mr. HEFLEY] would they think that? Well, Mr. consume. will be postponed. Chairman, my amendment gets right No. 1, let me say that these prop- The point of no quorum is considered to the heart of why they think that, erties were exempted at all times up to withdrawn. because this President, over the last 5 the present time from the provisions of years, has used the bully pulpit to the Mineral Leasing Act. They have al- The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to section 5 of House Resolution 169, it is now in drive home a message that I seriously ways been Federal properties, Federal question, and let me get at the heart of assets, and I think the disposition of order to consider amendment No. 41 in part 2 of House Report 105–137. my amendment. them should redound to the benefit of On 130 occasions, actually it is 130 all of the people of the United States. AMENDMENT NO. 41 OFFERED BY MR. WELDON OF and counting, this President has made This is not a Virginia issue versus Col- PENNSYLVANIA the statement; so it is not just once, orado; this is 49 States versus Colorado Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. three times in this pulpit, at univer- in terms of a fair disposition of the Chairman, I offer an amendment. sities across the country, in 36 of our properties. The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will des- States, to women’s groups, to environ- Let me conclude by saying that, ignate the amendment. mental groups, on college campuses, he while, yes, the Department of Energy The text of the amendment is as fol- has said, and I quote: There are no recommends for these properties what lows: longer Russian missiles pointed at the gentleman from Colorado is sug- Amendment No. 41 offered by Mr. WELDON America’s children. gesting, it is with some significance of Pennsylvania: Now, he has made this statement not that the Secretary of Energy, the new At the end of title XII (page 379, after line one time, 130 times; and his chief advis- Secretary of Energy is the former 19), insert the following new section: ers in the security operation and the June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4111 Vice President have made that conten- are making to the American people In the real world, I respect the gen- tion 22 more times in public speeches. about one of the most severe threats tleman’s sense of fairness and fair play. So the President is clearly trying to facing this country, then do not mis- We do not want to set a hurdle that no get the point across to America, do not lead the American people, because one can cross and then say, gee, you worry; as the Commander in Chief, I from the bully pulpit that drives the cannot jump the hurdle. There is some- certify to you that there are no Rus- debate in this country, to have the thing inappropriate about that. We sian missiles pointed at America’s chil- American people believe that they no want to establish a hurdle that makes dren. longer have to worry, that drives the sense with the Government. We are Mr. Chairman, in testimony before debate on missile defense, it drives the trying to do something reasonable. I my subcommittee, Bruce Blair, a debate on the threat, and it drives the would think if we could move away former targeting officer, said that one debate on the systems that we want to from certification to report, that can retarget a Russian missile in 10 fund. makes sense. seconds. Ed Bradley on CBS News, ‘‘60 I ask my colleagues to vote for this I would like to work with the gen- Minutes’’ interviewed General Sergev very simple amendment. tleman, if this amendment goes for- who in fact headed up strategic com- Mr. Chairman, I reserve the balance ward, in the context of the conference mand and space for Russia and who of my time. with the other body to try to resolve now is the defense minister. Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I rise these matters. to claim the time in opposition to the b 1245 There is one other thing that I would amendment. like to see in the legislation. Addi- He has said there is no way to verify The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman tional efforts to achieve verifiability, whether or not they are targeting their from California [Mr. DELLUMS] is rec- efforts to achieve confidence in these missiles at our children, just like they ognized for 5 minutes. matters, if we could put that in, it cannot verify ours. But yet the Presi- Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I seems to me that would make sense. I dent continues to make this statement, yield myself such time as I may am just raising a technical question, that there are no missiles pointed at consume. not a substantive issue. our children, so all of our constituents Mr. Chairman, I would first like to I think we are talking about trying back home in our districts think, well, say to my distinguished colleague, the to verify some things we cannot verify. if the Commander in Chief said they gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. We ought to, in the legislative process, are no longer pointing their missiles at WELDON], I appreciate the gentleman’s try to achieve things that are achiev- us, that must be true. effort to offer this amendment. I share able, rather than to assert matters My amendment is very simple, Mr. the gentleman’s concern about the that we want to try to achieve that in Chairman. It requires the President to issue of targeting. I rise in opposition the real world we know we cannot. I certify to the Congress that in fact not to the substance of what my col- know the gentleman is not trying to there are no missiles pointed at Amer- league is trying to do, but rather, on play games in that regard. That is why ica; that in fact we have a way of veri- technical grounds. I am prepared to give and take on that. fying that, and also what the time My staff and I have attempted to How does he think about those things would be to retarget a missile, even if work with the gentleman’s staff in try- and what is his response? we did know. ing to achieve some accommodation on Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Why is this so important? Because this matter on technical grounds. We Chairman, will the gentleman yield? when the top leaders of this country on would believe that a report, rather Mr. DELLUMS. I yield to the gen- 152 occasions on every major media than certification, is much more in the tleman from Pennsylvania. network in every major media outlet realm of reality. Let me tell the gen- Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. tell the stories in our cities and towns tleman what I am thinking and then he Chairman, I appreciate the gentleman that we no longer have a threat, they can respond. and my friend for raising these issues. respond. They criticize us when we say I heard the gentleman’s speech, but I pledge to work with him through the that we need to deal with that threat. at some point this gets drafted into conference process. This amendment is very simple. It legislative language. Legislative lan- I would not raise this issue if the says, Mr. President, certify what you guage is very important. The gen- President had made this statement are saying. You said from this pulpit tleman mentioned, required certifi- only one or two times, and I have the on three occasions that you are con- cation. The President must certify. actual citation for every time he has fident there are no missiles pointed at Now, what is the President’s first cer- made the statement. Mr. Chairman, America’s kids. This amendment says, tification, whether it is possible for the the President has raised this issue spe- certify that, put that in writing, and United States to verify by technical cifically 130 times. The Vice President verify that for this Congress. If you means that a Russian ICBM is or is not and his staff have raised it 22 times. cannot do that, Mr. President, you had targeted at a site in the United States? There is a very deliberate effort on better stop misinforming the American We can try to verify that it is pos- the part of the administration to make people. sible or that it is not possible, but try- this same statement, which the gen- Nothing is more fundamental to this ing to verify whether it is possible, I tleman, I think, agrees with me on, we debate, because that speech, given 130 would suggest that that is language cannot verify it, but yet the President times by the President, 22 times by the and a technical change, that it is im- continues to make this statement. And Vice President, by the heads of secu- possible to verify whether. You either that drives the mood and the feeling of rity for this administration, has misled certify that something is or it is not, my constituents, because they think, the American people. The President but whether it is, I think is inappropri- well, if the Commander in Chief says has a chance to rectify it. All he has to ate language. I think that is tech- this, it must be true. do is give us an official certification nically flawed. I understand the gentleman’s concern that in fact he can certify that there Second, how do we verify the length with the wording, and I would say he is are no Russian missiles pointed at our of time it would take for an ICBM, a probably correct, no wording will prob- children. Russian ICBM, formerly but no longer ably satisfy this, because in the end he General Sergeyev from Russia says targeted at a site in the United States, knows what the President is going to you cannot do that. Bruce Blair says to be retargeted at a site in the United come back and say. We asked DOD to you cannot do that. General States? How in the real world do you do a report last year on this same Shalikashvili says you cannot do that. really certify that? issue. They came back and said to us in Secretary Perry told us you cannot do What I am saying is, I agree with the a report, you cannot verify it. that. But yet the President has said it gentleman with respect to the sub- My point is, even though DOD in a 130 times. stance of what he is trying to do. I report certified that to us, the Presi- What we are saying in effect, Mr. have a technical concern that he raises dent, between last year’s bill and this Chairman, is, put up or shut up. If you a hurdle beyond which no one, that no year, has made that statement time cannot verify the statement that you one can jump. and time again across the country. I H4112 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 have no other recourse. I would like to being dismantled.’’—President Clinton, Re- the dawn of the nuclear age, no Russian mis- go to the President and say, Mr. Presi- marks at arrival ceremony for Russian siles are pointing at your children or grand- dent, please stop saying this, not just President Boris Yeltsin, South Lawn, the children.’’—President Clinton, speech to because it is not true, but you send the White House, September 27, 1994. Senior Citizens, Portuguese Social Club, 10. ‘‘We’ve got Russian missiles that are no Pawtucket, Rhode Island, November 2, 1994. wrong message. longer pointed at the United States for the 25. ‘‘Here’s what the Contract [With Amer- As the gentleman knows, I am not an first time since World War II.’’—President ica] says—now, pay attention. The contract alarmist. I have spent a lot of time Clinton, Radio interview with Eileen Ratner, says, vote for the Republicans, put us in working with Russia. But I would like October 7, 1994. charge in Washington, and here is what we to be frank and candid and open and 11. ‘‘* * * Russian President Boris Yeltsin will do. We’ll give everybody a tax cut, but honest with them. I will confront them came to further the partnership between our mostly people in the upper-income groups— on this issue, but I think when the two nations so well expressed by the fact they’ll get 70 percent of it. We will increase that now Russian and U.S. missiles are no defense; we will bring back Star Wars; and President makes this statement, in the longer pointed at each other’s people, and we context of the number of times he has we will balance the budget. Well, how much are working to reduce the nuclear threat does that cost? A trillion dollars. How are we made it since, it is wrong, but I will even more.’’—President Clinton, Address to going to pay for it? We’ll tell you after the pledge to work with the gentleman the Nation, The Oval Office, October 10, 1994. elections. (Laughter.) . . . We [in the admin- through the conference process. 12. ‘‘. . . for the first time the missiles of istration] have reduced the nuclear threat. Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I ap- Russia are no longer pointed at the Amer- For the first time since nuclear weapons preciate the gentleman’s candor. ican people. . . .’’—President Clinton, were developed, there are no missiles pointed Mr. WELDON. Mr. Chairman, I in- Speech to the Citizens of the Bridgeport at the children of Iowa and the United Area, Stratford, Connecticut, October 15, clude for the RECORD the following: States.’’—President Clinton, Remarks to the 1994. People of Des Moines, Iowa, November 3, ONE HUNDRED THIRTY AND COUNTING: PRESI- 13. ‘‘The United States and Russian mis- 1994. DENT CLINTON ASSURES US NO NUCLEAR siles missiles are no longer targeted at each 26. ‘‘And for the first time since the dawn MISSILE THREAT EXISTS other.’’—President Clinton, Saturday Radio of the nuclear age there are no Russian mis- President Clinton has assured the Amer- Address, October 15, 1994. ican people on at least 130 separate occasions 14. ‘‘Russian missiles are no longer pointed siles pointed at the children of Iowa. This is that Russian nuclear missiles no longer at the United States.’’—President Clinton, a great country.’’—President Clinton, Re- threaten the United States. On dozens of Speech to the International Association of marks at Reception for Democratic Can- those occasions—including his October 6, Chiefs of Police, Albuquerque, New Mexico, didates, Des Moines, November 3, 1994. 27. ‘‘Here’s what they [the Republicans] 1996 debate with Senator Bob Dole—he said October 17, 1994. promise . . . we’re going to increase defense that no nuclear missiles of any kind threat- 15. ‘‘I know that this country is a safer and en America. The following quotes are ex- more secure place because Russian missiles and we’re going to bring back Star Wars. cerpted from his speeches, interviews, and aren’t pointing at us and we’re making peace And then we’re going to balance the budget. radio addresses, as downloaded from the in Haiti, the Middle East, Northern Ire- (Laughter). And how much does that cost? ‘‘White House Virtual Library’’ on the World land.’’—President Clinton, Interview with . . . I want you to think about this—we’re Wide Web and other electronic databases. WLIB radio, New York, October 18, 1994. also moving forward overseas. No Russian 1. ‘‘I was proud to go to Russia and sign an 16. ‘‘We also clearly are working to make missiles are pointed at the children of Min- agreement where we agreed that for the first the world a safer and a more democratic and nesota and the United States for the first time in decades we would no longer even a freer place. For the first time since the time since the dawn of the nuclear age.’’— point our missiles at each other.’’—President dawn of the nuclear age, Russian missiles are President Clinton, Duluth Campaign rally, Clinton, Remarks to the Citizens of Atlanta, no longer pointed at the United States.’’— Duluth, Minnesota, November 4, 1994. May 3, 1994. President Clinton, Remarks to the Gov- 28. ‘‘I think it makes a difference that for 2. ‘‘* * * there are no nuclear missiles ernors Leadership Conference on the Future the first time since the dawn of the nuclear pointed at us from the Soviet Union [sic], of the Economy, New York, October 19, 1994. age, there are no Russian nuclear missiles but there are other countries trying to de- 17. ‘‘Is the fact that Russian missiles are pointed at these children here.’’—President velop nuclear programs.’’—President Clin- not pointed at your children for the first Clinton, ‘‘Rally for Victory,’’ Oakland, Cali- ton, Remarks at the Small Business Person time since the dawn of the nuclear age an ab- fornia, November 5, 1994. of the Year Announcement, Old Executive normal thing? I think that’s pretty good.’’— 29. ‘‘And we’re a lot closer toward having a Office Building, May 4, 1994. President Clinton, Remarks at dinner honor- safer, more democratic, more free world. 3. ‘‘And now, for the first time, our nuclear ing Kathleen Brown, San Francisco, October Russian missiles aren’t pointing at us . . .’’— missiles are no longer targeted at Russia, 22, 1994. President Clinton, Interview with Larry nor theirs ours [sic].’’—President Clinton, 18. ‘‘I wanted you to be safer. And that’s King, CNN, November 6, 1994. Remarks on CNN Telecast, ‘‘A Global Forum why I’m so proud of the fact that these little 30. ‘‘. . . there are no Russian missiles with President Clinton,’’ May 4, 1994. children are the first generation of Ameri- pointed at these children for the first time 4. ‘‘* * * the nuclear arsenal in Russia is no cans since the dawn of nuclear power that do since the dawn of the nuclear age . . .’’— longer pointed at the United States, nor are not have Russian missiles pointing at them. President Clinton, Speech at the Delaware our missiles pointed at them.’’—President I’m proud of that.’’—President Clinton, Re- Democrat Rally, Wilmington, Delaware, No- Clinton, Remarks to the People of Warwick, marks at the Washington State Coordinated vember 7, 1994. Rhode Island, May 9, 1994. Campaign Rally, Seattle, October 23, 1994. 31. ‘‘So I think it matters that for the first 5. ‘‘* * * the United States and Russia at 19. ‘‘...we’ve had the success in no Russian time since the dawn of the nuclear age, there last no longer aim their nuclear weapons at missiles are pointed at American children are no Russian missiles pointed at these chil- each other.’’—President Clinton, Speech at for the first time.’’—President Clinton, dren here.’’—President Clinton, Speech at the U.S. Naval Academy Graduation Cere- Interview, Cleveland Plain Dealer, October ‘‘Get Out the Vote’’ rally, Flint, Michigan, mony, May 25, 1994. 24, 1994. November 7, 1994. 6. ‘‘* * * for the first time since the dawn 20. ‘‘For the first time since nuclear weap- 32. ‘‘. . . for the first time since the drawn of the atomic age, the United States and ons were developed, no Russian missiles are of the nuclear age there are no Russian mis- Russia no longer have nuclear missiles point- pointed at the children of Ohio and the Unit- siles pointed at the people of the United ed at each other.’’—President Clinton, Re- ed States this year.’’—President Clinton, Re- States.’’—President Clinton, Speech on the marks at Swearing-In Ceremony for the ception honoring Congressman Thomas Saw- 75th anniversary of the Edmund J. Walsh President’s Council on Physical Fitness and yer, Akron, Ohio, October 24, 1994. School of Foreign Policy, Georgetown Uni- Sports, Rose Garden, May 31, 1994. 21. ‘‘Russian missiles aren’t pointed at versity, Washington, D.C. November 10, 1994. 7. ‘‘We are reducing nuclear stockpiles, and Americans for the first time since the begin- 33. ‘‘For the first time since the dawn of America and Russia no longer aim their nu- ning of the nuclear age.’’—President Clinton, the nuclear age, not Russian missiles are clear missiles at each other.’’—President Interview, KYW radio, Philadelphia, from pointed at Americans.’’—President Clinton, Clinton, Address to the National Assembly, Pittsburgh, October 31, 1994. Radio Address to the Nation, Elmendorf Paris, France, June 7, 1994. 22. ‘‘For the first time since nuclear weap- AFB, Anchorage, Alaska, November 12, 1994. 8. ‘‘For the first time since World War II ons came about, there are no Russian mis- 34. ‘‘. . . getting the nuclear agreement be- * * * Russian and American missiles no siles pointed at our people.’’—President Clin- tween Russia and Ukraine which led to no longer target each other’s people. Three of ton, Interview, WDIV–TV, Detroit, October Russian missiles pointed at the United the four nuclear members of the former So- 31, 1994. States for the first time since the dawn of viet Union have agreed to remove all nuclear 23. ‘‘The Russian missiles aren’t pointing the nuclear age.’’—President Clinton, Re- weapons from their soil.’’—President Clin- at us for the first time since we’ve had nu- marks at Press Conference, Jakarta, Indo- ton, Address to the 49th Session of the Unit- clear weapons.’’—President Clinton, Inter- nesia, November 15, 1994. ed Nations General Assembly, September 26, view, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, October 31, 35. ‘‘For the first time since the dawn of 1994. 1994. the nuclear age, no Russian missiles are 9. ‘‘Our missiles no longer target each oth- 24. ‘‘. . . we’ve increased trade and reduced pointed at the children of the United er’s people for destruction; instead they are the nuclear threat-for the first time since States.’’—President Clinton, Remarks to June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4113 U.S.—Pacific Business Community Members 47. ‘‘. . . this is the first time since the 59. ‘‘We are dramatically reducing the nu- and Leaders. November 16, 1994. dawn of the nuclear age when no Russian clear threat. for the first time since the 36. ‘‘. . . if you look at the fact that in missiles are pointed at the children of Amer- dawn of the nuclear age, there are no Rus- Russia for the first time since nuclear weap- ica. . . .’’—President Clinton, Remarks at sian missiles pointed at the people of the ons came on the face of the earth, there are Luncheon with the Jewish Federation, Bev- United States.’’—President Clinton, Re- no Russian missiles pointed at American erly Hills, California, April 9, 1995. marks at U.S. Air Force Academy Gradua- children, you’d have to say we’re on the 48. ‘‘There are nuclear weapons—large tion Ceremony, Colorado Springs, May 31, move.’’—President Clinton, Remarks to Mili- numbers of them now—being destroyed in 1995. tary Personnel and Families at Hickam Air Russia, weapons from Russian and the states 60. ‘‘I am very proud of the fact that in the Force Base, Honolulu, Hawaii, November 16, of the former Soviet Union that had them last two years, for the first time since the 1994. before. And we are destroying weapons. For dawn of the nuclear age, there are no Rus- 37. ‘‘This is the first Thanksgiving since the first time, there are no Russian nuclear sian missiles pointed at the people of the the dawn of the nuclear age when parents missiles pointed at the United States.’’— United States of America.’’—President Clin- can tuck their children into bed at night President Clinton, Press Conference, East ton, Remarks at the Dartmouth College knowing that no Russian missiles are point- Room, The White House, April 18, 1995. Commencement, Hanover, New Hampshire, ed at the children of the United States.’’— 49. ‘‘For the first time since the dawn of June 11, 1995. President Clinton, Radio Address from Camp the nuclear age, there are no Russian mis- 61. ‘‘One of the things that I am proudest of David, November 26, 1994. siles pointed at America’s children. And is that during our administration, for the 38. ‘‘This is the first State of the Union ad- those nuclear weapons are being destroyed first time since the dawn of the nuclear age, dress ever delivered since the beginning of every day.’’—President Clinton, Address to there are no Russian missiles pointed at the the Cold War when not a single Russian mis- the Iowa State Legislature, State Capitol, people of the United States. So we’re cele- sile is pointed at the children of America.’’— Des Moines, April 25, 1995. brating.’’—President Clinton, Remarks at President Clinton, State of the Union ad- 50. ‘‘. . . no Russian missiles pointed at the Chicago Presidential Gala, Chicago, June 29, dress, January 24, 1995. people of the United States for the first time 1995. 39. ‘‘There are no Russian missiles pointed since the dawn of the nuclear age.’’—Presi- 62. ‘‘The Cold War is over. That means we at America now for the first time since the dent Clinton, Remarks to Students at Iowa don’t have to worry about nuclear annihila- dawn of the nuclear age.’’—President Clin- State University, Ames, Iowa, April 25, 1995. tion. For the first time since the dawn of the 51. ‘‘Oh, we knew so clearly when we had ton, Interview with Tom Brokaw, NBC nuclear age, there are no Russian missiles the Soviet Union, the Cold War, and the mas- Nightly News, January 26, 1995. pointed at Americans, no American missiles sive nuclear threat. Today, no Soviet Union, 40. ‘‘As a result of an agreement President pointed at Russians.’’—President Clinton, no Cold War, and for the first time since the Yeltsin and I reached, for the first time in a Remarks to the 1995 Annual Convention of dawn of the Nuclear Age, no Russian missiles generation Russian missiles are not pointed the American Association of Physicians at our cities or our citizens. . . . [Per the are pointed at the children of the United States.’’—President Clinton, Remarks at From India, Chicago, June 30, 1995. terms of START I] Both our countries are 63. ‘‘. . . agreement with Russia that now World Jewish Congress Dinner, New York, dismantling the weapons as fast as we can. mean that both our nations no longer target And thanks to a far-reaching verification April 30, 1995. 52. ‘‘. . . for the first time since the dawn our missiles at each other.’’—President Clin- system, including on-site inspections which of the nuclear age there are no Russian mis- ton, Announcement of Comprehensive Nu- began in Russia and the United States today, siles pointing at the American people.’’— clear Weapons Test Ban, Washington, D.C., each of us knows exactly what the other is President Clinton, Remarks to the White August 11, 1995. doing.’’—President Clinton, Remarks to the House Conference on Aging, Washington, 64. ‘‘I’m proud of the fact that there are no Nixon Center for Peace and Freedom Policy D.C., May 3, 1995. Russian missiles pointed at this country for Conference, Washington, D.C., March 1, 1995. 53. ‘‘Some of you may not know this, but the first time since the dawn of the Nuclear 41. ‘‘And for the first time since the dawn because of the agreement we made last year Age, since our administration came in.’’— of the Nuclear Age, there are no nuclear mis- between the United States and Russia, for President Clinton, Remarks at Clinton-Gore siles pointed at the children of the United the first time since the dawn of the nuclear Fundraiser, Mayflower Hotel, Washington, States of America.’’—President Clinton, Ad- age, there are no Russian missiles pointed at D.C., September 7, 1995. dress to the Faculty and Students of the citizens of the United States.’’—Presi- 65. ‘‘We don’t now fear a bomb dropping on Hillsborough Community College, Tampa, dent Clinton, Speech to AIPAC Policy Con- us from the Soviet Union. I am proud to say Florida, March 30, 1995. ference, Washington, D.C., May 7, 1995. that since I’ve been president, for the first 42. ‘‘And for the first time since the dawn 54. ‘‘For the first time since the dawn of time since the dawn of the nuclear age there of the nuclear age, there are no nuclear mis- the nuclear age, no Russian missiles are are no Russian missiles pointed at the people siles pointed at the children of the United pointed at our children.’’—President Clinton, of the United States.’’—President Clinton, States today.’’—President Clinton, Remarks Remarks at V–E Day Celebration, Fort Remarks at the Pennsylvania Presidential to the Florida State Legislature, Tallahas- Myer, Virginia, May 8, 1995. Gala, Philadelphia, September 18, 1995. see, Florida, March 30, 1995. 55. ‘‘I am very proud to say that for the 66. ‘‘I’m proud of the fact that there are no 43. ‘‘I am proud of the fact that since I’ve first time since the dawn of the nuclear age, Russian missiles pointed at our kids for the been President there are no Russian missiles no Russian missiles are pointed at the people first time since the dawn of the nuclear pointed at the children of the United States of the United States.’’—President Clinton, age.’’—President Clinton, Speech at South- for the first time since the dawn of the nu- Remarks at Commencement Ceremony at ern California Presidential Gala, Los Ange- clear age.’’—President Clinton, Remarks at Michigan State University, East Lansing, les, California, September 21, 1995. the Dean B. Ellis Library Dedication, Arkan- Michigan, May 8, 1995. 67. ‘‘. . . there are no Russian missiles sas State University, Jonesboro, Arkansas, 56. ‘‘I am proud that for the first time since pointed at our people . . .’’—President Clin- April 3, 1995. the dawn of the nuclear age, no Russian mis- ton, Interview with the San Diego Union- 44. ‘‘The second thing that we have to pay siles are pointed at the children of America. Tribune, en route to San Diego, California, attention to is the security of our people— And now that I am here, I might paraphrase September 22, 1995. our security from attack from abroad, and what your Foreign Minister told me in Wash- 68. ‘‘. . . there are no missiles pointed at our security from within. I’m proud of the ington last month—I am also proud that no the people of the United States since the fact that since I have been president, for the American missiles are pointed at you or me dawn of the nuclear age.’’—President Clin- first time since the dawn of the nuclear age for the first time since the dawn of the nu- ton, Remarks at 25th Anniversary Dinner of there are no Russian missiles pointed at the clear age.’’—President Clinton, Remarks to the Congressional Black Caucus, Washing- children of the United States of America.’’— the Students of Moscow State University, ton, D.C., September 23, 1995. President Clinton, Remarks to the National Moscow, Russian Federation, May 10, 1995. 69. ‘‘. . . ‘‘for the first time since the dawn Building and Construction Trades Depart- 57. ‘‘. . . for the first time since the dawn of the nuclear age there are now no foreign ment Conference, Washington, D.C., April 5, of the nuclear age, no Russian missiles are missiles pointed at the people of the United 1995. pointed at the people of the United States of States of America.’’—President Clinton, Re- 45. ‘‘The American people are marching to- America.’’—President Clinton, Remarks at a marks to the Hispanic Caucus Institute ward more security because there are no Memorial Day ceremony, Arlington, Vir- Board and Members, Washington, D.C., Sep- Russian missiles pointed at the children of ginia, May 29, 1995. tember 27, 1995. our country for the first time since the dawn 58. ‘‘. . . at the end of the Cold War, the 70. ‘‘Russian nuclear missiles are no longer of the nuclear age.’’—President Clinton, Re- first thing we have to do is to finish the pointed at our citizens and there are no marks to the American Society of Newspaper work of removing the nuclear threat. In the longer American missiles pointed at their Editors, Dallas, Texas, April 7, 1995. last two years we can say for the first time citizens.’’—President Clinton, Speech to 46.‘‘For the first time since the dawn of the that there are no nuclear missiles pointed at Freedom House, Washington, D.C., October 6, nuclear age, there are no Russian missiles the United States. We are destroying parts of 1995. pointed at the children of the United States our nuclear arsenal and so are the Rus- 71. ‘‘And America has been gratified to be of America.’’—President Clinton, Remarks sians.’’—President Clinton, Telephone inter- a part of making peace in the Middle East, to California Democratic Party, Sac- view with Colorado Springs Gazette, May 30, progress in Northern Ireland, the cease-fire ramento, California, April 8, 1995. 1995. in Bosnia, making sure that for the first H4114 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 time since the dawn of the nuclear age there 83. ‘‘For the first time since the dawn of and I am proud of that.’’—President Clinton, aren’t any missiles pointed at Americans or the nuclear age—for the first time since the Remarks at Dedication Ceremony of the New their children tonight.’’—President Clinton, dawn of the nuclear age—there is not a sin- Nashville Wharf, Port of New Orleans, March Speech to the Business Council, Williams- gle Russian missile pointed at America’s 18, 1996. burg Inn, Williamsburg, Virginia, October 13, children.’’—President Clinton, State of the 97. ‘‘Today, there are no Russian missiles 1995. Union address, January 23, 1996. pointed at our cities and citizens.’’—Presi- 72. ‘‘. . . and I tell you there are no Rus- 84. ‘‘. . . for the first time since the dawn dent Clinton, Address to Members of the Uni- sian missiles pointed at the people of the of the nuclear age, there are no Russian mis- versity of Central Oklahoma Community, United States for the first time since the siles pointed at our people.’’—President Clin- April 5, 1996. dawn of the nuclear age because of the ton, Statement on Senate Ratification of the 98. ‘‘Because of my agreement with Presi- things that we’ve been doing. . . .’’—Presi- START II Treaty, January 26, 1996. dent Yeltsin, for the first time since the dent Clinton, Remarks at Presidential Gala 85. ‘‘You look at the fact that we now have dawn of the nuclear age, no Russian missiles Luncheon, Meridien Hotel, Dallas, Texas, Oc- almost 180 nations committed not to get in- are targeted at United States cities.’’—Presi- tober 16, 1995. volved in the nuclear arms race, and the fact dent Clinton, News Conference in Moscow, 73. ‘‘There are no Russian missiles pointed that the Russians and others have detargeted Russia, April 20, 1996. at anyone in America for the first time since their nuclear missiles so that now there are 99. ‘‘. . . Russian and American missiles the dawn of the nuclear age.’’—President no more nuclear missiles pointed at any are not pointed at each other’s cities or citi- Clinton, Remarks at Presidential Gala Din- American homes for the first time since the zens.’’—President Clinton, News Conference ner, Westin Galleria Hotel, Houston, Texas, dawn of the nuclear age.’’—President Clin- with Russian President Boris Yeltsin, Mos- October 17, 1995. ton, Remarks to the People of the Salem cow, Russia, April 21, 1996. 100. ‘‘. . . for the first time since the dawn 74. ‘‘. . . America is safer tonight because Area, Salem, New Hampshire, February 2, of the nuclear age there is not a single, soli- we didn’t give up our leadership, because we 1996. are in a situation where we’re destroying nu- 86. ‘‘. . . for the first time in the last two- tary nuclear missile pointed at an American child tonight. And I am proud of that and clear missiles more rapidly. And for the first and-a-half years, for the first time since the you should be proud of that.’’—President time since the dawn of the nuclear age, there dawn of the Nuclear Age, there is not a sin- Clinton, Remarks to a Democratic Reception is not a single, solitary nuclear missile gle nuclear missile pointed at an American at the Franklin Institute, Philadelphia, pointed at an American child tonight. Not city, an American family, an American Pennsylvania, April 26, 1996. one. Not one. Not a single one.’’—President child. That is not being done any more.’’— 101. ‘‘There are no nuclear missiles pointed Clinton, Remarks at Iowa Jefferson-Jackson President Clinton, Remarks to Students, at America’s children for the first time since Dinner, Des Moines, October 20, 1995. Parents and Teachers of the Concord Schools the dawn of the nuclear age.’’—President 75. ‘‘The United States has made a real Community, Concord, New Hampshire, Feb- Clinton, Speech to the Democratic National contribution to the march of freedom, de- ruary 2, 1996. Dinner, Coral Gables, Florida, April 29, 1996. mocracy and peace, in accelerating the dis- 87. ‘‘. . . people see that there are no Rus- 102. ‘‘. . . there are no Russian missiles mantling of our nuclear weapons so that sian missiles pointed at our children for the pointed at our cities or our citizens.’’—Presi- now, for the first time since the dawn of the first time since the dawn of the nuclear age. dent Clinton, Commencement address to the nuclear age, there’s not a single nuclear mis- .. .’’—President Clinton, Remarks at Louisi- U.S. Coast Guard Academy, May 22, 1996. sile pointed at a single American citizen.’’— ana Economic Development Brunch, Wash- 103. ‘‘I have made reducing the nuclear President Clinton, Remarks at Dedication of ington, D.C., February 9, 1996. threat one of my highest priorities. As a re- the National Czech and Slovak Museum, 88. ‘‘I’m grateful that there are no nuclear sult, for the first time since the dawn of the Cedar Rapids, Iowa, October 21, 1995. missiles pointed at the United States any nuclear age, there are no Russian missiles 76. ‘‘For the first time since the dawn of more.’’—President Clinton, Remarks to the pointed at our people.’’—President Clinton, the nuclear age, there’s not a single solitary Iowa City Community, Iowa, February 10, Statement on the Comprehensive Test Ban nuclear missile pointed at the people of the 1996. Treaty, June 28, 1996. United States of America. And I’m proud of 89. ‘‘. . . let’s look at the march of the 104. ‘‘I’m proud of the fact that there are that.’’—President Clinton, Remarks to the world toward peace after the Cold War. no nuclear missiles pointed at the United AFL–CIO Convention, New York, October 23, There are no nuclear missiles pointed at the States for the first time since the dawn of 1995. people of the United States.’’—President the nuclear age.’’—President Clinton, Speech 77. ‘‘We can be very thankful that on this Clinton, Remarks to the People of Des to the Northern California Democratic Na- Veterans Day, for their first time since the Moines, February 11, 1996. tional Committee Gala, San Francisco, July dawn of the nuclear era, there are no Russian 90. ‘‘There are no more nuclear missiles 23, 1996. missiles pointed at the children of Amer- pointed at any children in the United States. 105. ‘‘Today not a single Russian missile is ica.’’—President Clinton, Remarks at I’m proud of that.’’—President Clinton, Re- pointed at our citizens or cities.’’—President Wreath-Laying Ceremony, Tomb of the Un- marks at Presidential Gala, Sheraton New Clinton, Speech at the George Washington known Soldier, November 11, 1995. York, New York City, February 15, 1996. University, Washington, D.C., August 5, 1996. 78. ‘‘For the first time since the dawn of 91. ‘‘I asked you to give me a chance to try 106. ‘‘If the test is, no nuclear missiles the Nuclear Age, there is not a single nu- to give America a more secure future and a pointed at the American people for the first clear missile pointed at an American more peaceful, more democratic world. And time since the dawn of the nuclear age, we’re child.’’—Remarks to the Democratic Leader- the fact that there are not nuclear missiles better off.’’—President Clinton, Speech to ship Council, Washington, D.C., November 13, pointed at any American children for the the Saxophone Club, Armand Hammer Mu- 1995. first time since the dawn of the nuclear age seum of Art, Santa Monica, California, Au- 79. ‘‘For the very first time since the dawn is evidence of that commitment.’’—President gust 9, 1996. of the Nuclear Age, there is not a single Rus- Clinton, Remarks to the People of Southeast 107. ‘‘We’ve got a more peaceful world sian missile pointed at an American New Hampshire, Rochester, New Hampshire, where there are no nuclear missiles pointed child.’’—President Clinton, Remarks in sat- February 17, 1996. at the people of the United States since the ellite feed to Florida Democratic Party Con- 92. ‘‘We won the Cold War, and there are no dawn of the nuclear age.’’—President Clin- vention, Little Rock, Arkansas, December missiles pointed at the United States or any ton, Remarks to the Citizens of Ashland, 10, 1995. of its people tonight.’’—President Clinton, Kentucky, August 25, 1996. 80. ‘‘I am proud of the fact there are no Speech to the people of Manchester, New 108. ‘‘. . . for the first time since the dawn Russian missiles pointed at any Americans Hampshire, February 17, 1996. of the nuclear age, on this night, this beau- during this administration for the first time 93. ‘‘More than anything else I am grateful tiful night, there is not a single nuclear mis- since the end of the Cold War.’’—President that now there is not a single nuclear weap- sile pointed at a child in the United States of Clinton, Dinner for the National Democratic on pointed at any American citizen.’’—Presi- America.’’—President Clinton, Remarks to Club, Capital Hilton Hotel, Washington, Jan- dent Clinton, Remarks to the Community in the Citizens of Toledo, Ohio, August 26, 1996. uary 9, 1996. Keene, New Hampshire, February 17, 1996. 109. ‘‘I am proud to say that tonight there 81. ‘‘For the first time since the dawn of 94. ‘‘We won the Cold War. There are no is not a single Russian nuclear missile point- the nuclear age, there is not a single, soli- missiles pointed at America’s children.’’— ed at an American child.’’—President Clin- tary nuclear missile pointed at an American President Clinton, Telephone speech to the ton, Speech accepting his nomination to run child, and I am proud of that.’’—President National Emergency Management Associa- for a second term, Democratic National Clinton, Remarks at Clinton-Gore Luncheon, tion, February 26, 1996. Committee Convention, Chicago, August 29, Opryland Hotel, Nashville, Tennessee, Janu- 95. ‘‘. . . I am proud of the fact that there 1996. ary 12, 1996. are no Russian missiles pointed at the Unit- 110. ‘‘We finally succeed in removing most 82. ‘‘I am proud of the fact that, with the ed States.’’—President Clinton, Speech at of the nuclear weapons from any place with- leadership of the Vice President, for the first Democratic Congressional Campaign Com- in the old Soviet Union. There are no nuclear time since the dawn of the nuclear age, there mittee Dinner, St. Regis Hotel, New York missiles pointed at the children of the Unit- is not a single nuclear missile pointed at an City, March 11, 1996. ed States tonight for the first time since the American child today.’’—President Clinton, 96. ‘‘There’s not a single nuclear warhead dawn of the nuclear age.’’—President Clin- To Workers of the Peterbilt Truck Plant, pointed at an American citizen today, for the ton, Remarks to the Citizens of St. Louis, Nashville, January 12, 1996. first time since the dawn of the nuclear age, Missouri, September 10, 1996. June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4115 111. ‘‘. . . today no Russian missiles are 126. ‘‘I know that I’ve been criticized for now results in there not being American and pointed at our cities or our citizens.’’—Presi- some of the things that I’ve tried to do, but Russian missiles targeted at each other.’’— dent Clinton, Remarks to reporters upon de- I know that there are no Russian missiles Anthony Lake, Statements at White House parture from Kansas City International Air- pointed at the children of America for the Press Briefing, May 11, 1995 port, September 10, 1996. first time since the dawn of the cold war.’’— ‘‘Today, American cities and American 112. ‘‘. . . for the first time since the dawn President Clinton, Remarks at Santa Bar- citizens no longer live under direct targeting of the nuclear age in the last four years, bara City College, Santa Barbara, California, of Russian missiles.’’—Anthony Lake, there’s not a single nuclear missile pointed November 1, 1996. Speech at George Washington University, at the children of America.’’—President 127. ‘‘Today there’s not a single Russian March 8, 1996 Clinton, Speech to the Community of the nuclear missile pointed at an American ‘‘Today, because of our steady engagement Sun City Area, Sun City, Arizona, September child.’’—President Clinton, Remarks on America’s cities and America’s families are 11, 1996. Dateline NBC’s ‘‘Presidential Face-Off,’’ No- no longer targeted by Russian missiles.’’— 113. ‘‘I’m proud of the fact that there are vember 1, 1996. Anthony Lake, Speech to the U.S./Russia no nuclear missiles pointed at America’s 128. ‘‘If I were a Republican president— Business Council, Washington, DC, April 1, children since the dawn of the nuclear age. after all the rhetoric they’ve used—with . .. 1996 .. .’’—President Clinton, Speech to the Ran- no Russian missiles pointed at our kids, by ‘‘Today, because of our engagement with cho Cucamonga Community, Rancho the way; and a stronger America with a Russia and the new independent states, Cucamonga, California, September 12, 1996. stronger military, they’d be saying it’s America’s cities and families are no longer 114. ‘‘Today, there are no Russian missiles morning in America.’’—President Clinton, targeted by Russia’s missiles.’’—Anthony pointed at America, and no American mis- Remarks to the Citizens of San Antonio, Lake, Remarks at Fletcher School of Law siles pointed at Russia.’’—President Clinton, Texas, November 2, 1996. and Diplomacy, April 25, 1996 Speech to the 51st General Assembly of the 129. ‘‘. . . there are no Russian missiles ‘‘Because of our steady engagement with United Nations, New York, September 24, pointed at any American children tonight for Russia and the new independent states, no 1996. the first time since the dawn of the nuclear Russian missiles are targeted at America’s 115. ‘‘There are no Russian missiles pointed age.’’—President Clinton, Speech to the Peo- cities or citizens.’’—Anthony Lake, Speech at the children of the United States.’’— ple of the Springfield Area, Springfield, Mas- to the Chicago Council on Foreign Relations, President Clinton, Remarks to the Citizens sachusetts, November 3, 1996. May 24, 1996 of Freehold, New Jersey, September 24, 1996. 130. ‘‘. . . we must move strongly against ‘‘Then: Russia’s missiles were targeted at 116. ‘‘There are no Russian missiles pointed American cities and citizens; now: their at America for the first time since the dawn new threats to our security. . . . With Rus- sia, we dramatically cut nuclear arsenals detargeting has eliminated the risk to us of of the nuclear age.’’—President Clinton, an accidental launch.’’—Anthony Lake, Speech to the Citizens of Fort Worth, Texas, and we stopped targeting each other’s citi- zens.’’—President Clinton, State of the Speech at the Institute for the Study of Di- September 27, 1996. plomacy, Georgetown University, Washing- 117. ‘‘There are no nuclear missiles pointed Union Address, February 4, 1997. ton, DC, October 7, 1996 at the children of the United States tonight Compiled by the American Foreign Policy and have not been in our administration for Council, 1521 16th Street NW, Washington, (FORMER) SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN the first time since the dawn of the nuclear DC 20036 USA. CHRISTOPHER age.’’—President Clinton, Debate with Sen- ‘‘Russian missiles are no longer targeted ator Bob Dole, Hartford Connecticut, Octo- ‘‘Today there’s not a single Russian nu- on us.’’—Warren Christopher, Speech on ber 6, 1996. clear missile pointed at an American Year End Review of U.S. Foreign Policy as 118. ‘‘. . . we have reduced the nuclear dan- child.’’—President Clinton, Remarks by quoted in Department of State Dispatch, ger to Americans, and today there are no President Clinton on Dateline NBC’s ‘‘Presi- January 2, 1995 Russian nuclear missiles targeted at our dential Face-Off’’, November 1, 1996 ‘‘. . . we need to remember the tremendous children.’’—President Clinton, Response to ‘‘If I were a Republican President—after all advantage there is in no longer having Rus- Readers’ Questions, USA Today, October 8, the rhetoric they’ve used—with . . . no Rus- sian or Soviet missiles targeted on the Unit- 1996. sian missiles pointed at our kids, by the way; ed States.’’—Warren Christopher, Interview 119. ‘‘Today, no Russian missiles are point- and a stronger America with a stronger mili- with Associated Press, May 5, 1995 ed at America’s children.’’—President Clin- tary, they’d be saying it’s morning in Amer- ‘‘Our cooperation has produced a number ton, Remarks on Fox Network’s Free Cam- ica.’’—President Clinton, Remarks to the of things for the american people—most dra- paign Air Time, October 12, 1996. Citizens of San Antonio, Texas, November 2, matically, the reduction in our nuclear arse- 120. ‘‘. . . today not a single Russian mis- 1996 nals and the absence of any nuclear missiles sile targets America. We are cutting our nu- VICE PRESIDENT AL GORE being targeted at the United States.’’—War- clear arsenals by two-thirds.’’—President ‘‘Less than three weeks ago, for the first ren Christopher, Remarks with Russian For- Clinton, Speech to the People of the Detroit time in almost fifty years, nuclear missiles eign Minister Primakov, Helsinki, Finland, Area, Detroit, Michigan, October 22, 1996. were no longer targeted on American February 10, 1996 ‘‘Today, Russian missiles are no longer 121. ‘‘. . . today, as we stand here in cities.’’—Vice President Gore, Commence- targeted on our cities.’’—Warren Chris- Macon, Georgia, there are no Russian mis- ment Speech at Harvard University, June 9, topher, Statement to the House Inter- siles targeted at the United States of Amer- 1994 ica.’’—President Clinton, Speech to the Peo- ‘‘We’ve seen . . . the taking of Russian national Relations Committee, July 31, 1996 ple of the Macon Area, Macon, Georgia, Oc- missiles off alert so that for the first time in (FORMER) SECRETARY OF DEFENSE WILLIAM tober 25, 1996. my lifetime no Russian missiles are targeted PERRY 122. ‘‘. . . there are no Russian missiles tar- on American soil.’’—Vice President Gore, ‘‘Russia’s nuclear missiles are no longer geted at the young people of the United Interview with Tim Russert on ‘‘Meet the aimed at us, nor are our missiles targeted on States of America.’’—President Clinton, Press’’, September 4, 1994 them’’—William Perry, Commentary Piece Speech to the People of the Atlanta Area, ‘‘Today, Russian missiles are no longer in Los Angeles Times, May 10, 1995 Atlanta, Georgia, October 25, 1996. targeted at America’s cities or homes.’’— 123. ‘‘You just think—just think about this DEPUTY NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISOR SAMUEL Vice President Gore, Remarks at U.S. Mili- world we’re moving into—the Cold War in BERGER tary Academy at West Point, October 17, 1995 the background, no Russian missiles pointed ‘‘Because of President Clinton’s agreement ‘‘And our strength at home has led to re- at the children of the United States for the with President Yeltsin, Russian missiles no newed respect abroad: nuclear missiles no first time since the dawn of the nuclear longer target American cities.’’—Samuel longer pointed at our cities . . .’’—Vice age.’’—President Clinton, Speech to the Peo- Berger, Remarks at the Wilson Center, June President Gore, Speech to the Democratic ple of the Chicago Area, Chicago, Illinois, 18, 1996 National Convention, Chicago, Illinois, Au- October 28, 1996. PRESS SECRETARY MICHAEL MCCURRY gust 28, 1996 124. ‘‘But we are standing up for peace and ‘‘. . . we don’t have Russian strategic freedom and there’s not a single Russian (FORMER) NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISOR intercontinental missiles aimed at the Unit- missile pointed at an American child tonight ANTHONY LAKE ed States any more.’’—Michael McCurry, Re- in part because of what we’re doing.’’—Presi- ‘‘Our rhetoric must not outpace reality. marks at Press Briefing, March 10, 1995 dent Clinton, Speech to the People of the When it does, we risk creating a climate of Secretary of State Madeline Albright— Denver Area, Denver, Colorado, October 30, disillusion like the one that descended upon Madeline Albright, Statements Before House 1996. us in the 1920s . . . As a result of our engage- International Relations Committee, ??? Feb- 125. ‘‘America is stronger today than it was ment Russian missiles no longer target ruary 12, 1996 four years ago. No Russian missiles are American cities or citizens.’’—Anthony pointed at our children today, for the first Lake, Remarks in ‘‘Woodrow Wilson ED BRADLEY: Is there verification on both time since the dawn of the nuclear age, and Speech’’, as quoted in Department of State sides? we’re moving in the right direction there.’’— Dispatch, December 5, 1994 GENERAL SERGEYEV: No, we don’t have President Clinton, Speech to the People of ‘‘. . . without that relationship, the Presi- these kind of systems of verification or con- the Las Vegas Area, Las Vegas, Nevada, Oc- dents, Clinton and Yeltsin, would not have trol. For the first time, we do it on total tober 31, 1996. been able to negotiate the agreement which confidence to one another. H4116 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 ED BRADLEY: So, we take your word, you case of Department of Defense personnel as- our southern border. With more than 26 take our word? signed under subsection (a).’’. years of experience in the U.S. Border GENERAL SERGEYEV: Yes. (b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of Patrol, I can tell the Members that ED BRADLEY: This is a Russian topal being sections at the beginning of such chapter is this is a very, very bad idea. test fired, able to reach its old U.S. targets amended by inserting after the item relating in just 30 minutes. We’re told that they’re no to section 374 the following new item: Exactly 1 month ago today a young longer aimed at America, but how much ‘‘374a. Assignment of personnel to assist bor- 18-year-old boy was shot and killed by comfort can we take from that? der patrol and control.’’. a Marine assisting the Border Patrol in How long will it take to re-target? SEC. 9. Notwithstanding section 2(e) of this Redford, TX. Ezequiel Hernandez is the GENERAL SERGEYEV: The same period of resolution, the additional period of general first American killed by troops on U.S. time it will take the Americans to do it. debate on the subject of United States forces soil since 1970, in the Kent State inci- Same time. in Bosnia shall precede the offering of dent. Unfortunately, we cannot do any- ED BRADLEY: Minutes? Hours? ‘‘It depends on the missile,’’ he told us, but amendments numbered 8 and 9 in part 1 of thing to bring him back, but we can for most, only a matter of minutes. the report of the Committee on Rules rather and we should do everything we can to than the amendments numbered 1 and 2 in GENERAL SERGEYEV: Yes, we can return it keep this from happening again. part 1 of the report. all back to the way it was. We already have almost 7,000 Border The CHAIRMAN. The question is on The Chairman. Pursuant to the rule, Patrol agents patrolling our Nation’s the amendment offered by the gen- the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. TRAFI- border. Congress, this Congress, has au- tleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. CANT] and a Member opposed each will thorized an additional 1,000 agents WELDON]. control 5 minutes. every year until the year 2001. What we The question was taken; and the Does the gentleman from California need to do is make sure that these men Chairman announced that the noes ap- [Mr. DELLUMS] seek the 5 minutes in and women are professional, bilingual, peared to have it. opposition? well-trained law enforcement officers, Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Mr. DELLUMS. I do, Mr. Chairman. properly trained to deal with situa- Chairman, I demand a recorded vote, The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman tions and problems along our border. from California [Mr. DELLUMS] will be and pending that, I make the point of Their mission is dramatically dif- recognized for 5 minutes in opposition order that a quorum is not present. ferent from the mission of the U.S. to the amendment. The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to House military. It does not make any sense to The Chair recognizes the gentleman Resolution 169, further proceedings on me or any of my former colleagues in from Ohio [Mr. TRAFICANT]. the amendment offered by the gen- the U.S. Border Patrol to put 10,000 tleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Chairman, I yield 1 minute to the distinguished troops on the southern border. By put- WELDON] will be postponed. ting armed troops on our border, we gentleman from California, [Mr. DUN- The point of no quorum is considered will be forced to deal with a new set of withdrawn. CAN HUNTER]. Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Chairman, I thank problems: Problems of jurisdiction, Pursuant to section 5 of House Reso- problems of authority, and problems of lution 169, it is now in order to con- the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Chairman, I support the amend- responsibility and personal liability for sider the amendment printed in section those troops. 8(e) of House Resolution 169. ment offered by the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. TRAFICANT]. We have had Mr. Chairman, this body should focus AMENDMENT OFFERED BY MR. TRAFICANT more shootings on the southwest bor- its time and energy on giving the Bor- Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Chairman, I der in the last several weeks. In fact, der Patrol the resources they need, in- offer an amendment. we had two attempted shootings yes- stead of jeopardizing our troops and ci- The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will des- terday from across the border. One bor- vilians alike. The cost of doing this is, ignate the amendment. der patrolman has been hit so far. We furthermore, outrageous. According to The text of the amendment is as fol- have had more violence there and more our own Department of Defense, if this lows: gunfire exchanged than we have had in amendment is adopted, it will cost the Amendment offered by Mr. TRAFI- Bosnia in the same period of time. U.S. taxpayers $650 million a year to CANT: What this allows us to do is, on re- deploy 10,000 troops to our southern At the end of subtitle C of title X (page 326, quest of the Attorney General, in the border. The military already spends after line 6), insert the following new sec- more than $800 million per year assist- tion: case where you have a national secu- rity problem for the Attorney General ing law enforcement with drug inter- SEC. 1032. ASSIGNMENT OF DEPARTMENT OF DE- diction and border security, mostly FENSE PERSONNEL TO ASSIST IMMI- to request up to 10,000 military person- GRATION AND NATURALIZATION nel at the southwest border. I think it through support and high-tech equip- SERVICE AND CUSTOMS SERVICE. is prudent. It requires a request of the ment. (a) ASSIGNMENT AUTHORITY OF SECRETARY Attorney General. Obviously, it is at For example, the U.S. Air Force pro- OF DEFENSE.—Chapter 18 of title 10, United the discretion of the Commander in vides AWACs aircraft to monitor the States Code, is amended by inserting after southwest border. Some of these mis- section 374 the following new section: Chief. I strongly support the Traficant sions are dedicated solely to detecting § 374a. Assignment of personnel to assist bor- drug traffickers. Last year, the AWACs der patrol and control amendment. Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I provided information that led up to a ‘‘(a) ASSIGNMENT AUTHORIZED.—The Sec- seizure of 945 million dollars worth of retary of Defense may assign up to 10,000 De- yield the balance of my time to my dis- partment of Defense personnel at any one tinguished colleague, the gentleman cocaine. That is about 35 percent of the time to assist— from Texas [Mr. REYES]. cocaine intercepted into the United ‘‘(1) the Immigration and Naturalization The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman States. Service in preventing the entry of terrorists, from Texas [Mr. REYES] is recognized This issue that we are talking about drug traffickers, and illegal aliens into the for 5 minutes. here with the Traficant amendment is United States; and (Mr. REYES asked and was given per- dramatically different. We are talking ‘‘(2) the United States Customs Service in about putting troops to patrol our bor- the inspection of cargo, vehicles, and aircraft mission to revise and extend his re- at points of entry into the United States. marks.) der, and jeopardizing citizens in the ‘‘(b) REQUEST FOR ASSIGNMENT.—The as- Mr. REYES. Mr. Chairman, I thank districts such as mine that I represent signment of Department of Defense person- my esteemed colleague, the gentleman along the border with Mexico. nel under subsection (a) may only occur— from California, for yielding time to Mr. Chairman, I think, finally, that ‘‘(1) at the request of the Attorney Gen- me. since the end of the cold war the mili- eral, in the case of an assignment to the Im- Mr. Chairman, I rise in strong opposi- tary’s mission deployments have in- migration and Naturalization Service; and tion to the Traficant amendment this creased by about 300 percent. We are ‘‘(2) at the request of the Secretary of the Treasury, in the case of an assignment to the morning. Mr. Chairman, if the amend- doing this with a substantially reduced United States Customs Service.’’. ment of the gentleman from Ohio is number of soldiers. We cannot and ‘‘(c) REIMBURSEMENT REQUIREMENT.— adopted, the Department of Defense should not be able to afford to pull Section 377 of this title shall apply in the will be allowed to send 10,000 troops to 10,000 men and women away from other June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4117 missions, and further adding to the ag- Mr. Chairman, I have here the record patrol are going to cost? We have got gravation and pain of family separa- of 251 Members of Congress who voted our troops cashing checks in Tokyo, tion, to help the efforts of the U.S. Bor- that Mexico is not doing enough on going to dinner in Frankfurt. We are der Patrol that is already provided for drug interdiction; 250 Members of Con- overrun with narcotics here. Enough is by this Congress. gress who pointed fingers at Mexico enough. b 1300 and said they need to do more. I am asking for an aye vote, and I am Mr. Chairman, Mexico has put troops asking for those leaders who may feel I strongly urge my colleagues to re- at the border because that is what it disposed, because of the White House’s member that I have 261⁄2 years of expe- takes to stop the drug traffic. All this position, to stand tall today. If it was rience along our border fighting drug amendment says, if the President feels trafficking and illegal immigration. I up to the White House, who the hell that it needs to be done, he is author- knows what would be going on. think this is the wrong thing to do at ized to do that. As somebody who is at the wrong time. Mr. REYES. Mr. Chairman, I would the border every weekend, let me point just like to say, in the brief time that The Attorney General does not sup- out it is getting more violent. Amer- I have got left, that this is not an emo- port this amendment. The Secretary of ican agents are being shot from a for- tional argument. This is an argument the Treasury does not support this eign country. We are getting people that needs rationality. amendment. The Commissioner of INS killed along the border today. All this does not support this amendment, and does is prepare the way that, if the ad- This is an argument where we need neither do the colleagues that I worked ministration sees a crisis, that crisis to vote against this amendment be- 1 with for 26 ⁄2 years. can be addressed with American re- cause those very people that are en- I would ask, Mr. Chairman, if you sources. forcing our laws on our southern border have any influence, please beam this Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Chairman, I are not in favor of this amendment. We gentleman up. yield myself the balance of my time. do not need it. We do not want it. We Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Chairman, I The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman should not tolerate this kind of rhet- yield 1 minute to the gentleman from from Ohio [Mr. TRAFICANT] is recog- oric on the floor of Congress. California [Mr. CUNNINGHAM]. nized for 2 minutes. The CHAIRMAN. The question is on Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Chairman, I (Mr. TRAFICANT asked and was the amendment offered by the gen- would like to speak directly to the gen- given permission to revise and extend tleman from Ohio [Mr. TRAFICANT]. tleman from Texas, because I support his remarks.) The question was taken; and the 99.9 percent of his position. Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Chairman, the I have fought against military on the Chairman announced that the ayes ap- amendment does not mandate troops peared to have it. border. If they get to anywhere close to on the border. It is only an option. what your fears are, the perception, Mr. REYES. Mr. Chairman, I demand Those troops, if they go to the border, a recorded vote. which I do not think is a reality, of cannot make an arrest. They must The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to House this amendment, I will stand there toe only detain. to toe with you in my word to fight I appreciate the fine gentleman who Resolution 169, further proceedings on against exactly your fears. was in the border patrol. But poor ille- the amendment offered by the gen- This amendment does not do that, in gal immigrants coming from Central tleman from Ohio [Mr. TRAFICANT] will my opinion. The gentleman is one of, if America are not bribing Customs, and be postponed. not one of, I think the most respected they are not bribing the border patrol. SEQUENTIAL VOTES POSTPONED IN COMMITTEE expert on border patrol issues. I would I am talking about narcoterrorists, OF THE WHOLE say that up front. But we do have a lot Congress. You talk about a drug war. The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to House of different agencies working with us. I We have got kids overdosing on the nod Resolution 169, proceedings will now would oppose a marine with a rifle that in Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, resume on those amendments on which does not know the difference between Youngstown. When are we going to further proceedings were postponed in alto and stop. My whole opinion is, we fight? Enough is enough. They do not the following order: need more border patrol that are go to the border unless there is an Part 1 amendment No. 6 offered by trained to help civil rights and do emergency. And our President said, we the gentleman from Minnesota [Mr. those kinds of things. But I do believe need 25,000 more border patrol agents LUTHER]; part 2 amendment No. 22 of- in the secondary missions and in the to secure our border. We are paying fered by the gentleman from Colorado cases where not that we are saying put money to secure the borders in Bosnia. [Mr. HEFLEY]; part 2 amendment No. 41 10,000, I would oppose that now today, We are paying money to secure the bor- offered by the gentleman from Penn- but where we need to protect our peo- ders all around the world, and we are sylvania [Mr. WELDON]; and the amend- ple from being fired at, at the Govern- going to hell literally. ment offered by the gentleman from ment, the people that are opposing, I am tired of all the ethnic comments Ohio [Mr. TRAFICANT]. being made here. I want to help every they have the right to say that, that to The Chair will reduce to 5 minutes one of those people in Central America. protect our border patrol, I would sup- the time for any electronic vote after Those who can come here legally, come port it. the first vote in this series. Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Chairman, I in. But do not come in illegally. But yield 1 minute to the gentleman from that is not my focus. AMENDMENT NO. 6 OFFERED BY MR. LUTHER. California [Mr. BILBRAY]. We are not going to stop these big The CHAIRMAN. The pending busi- Mr. BILBRAY. Mr. Chairman, I rise narcotic kingpins with the program we ness is the demand for a recorded vote in support of the amendment. have been operating. My colleagues on the amendment offered by the gen- Let me point out again, Mr. Chair- know it and I know it. Now we have a tleman from Minnesota [Mr. LUTHER] man, this does not mandate that these chance for the debate. This amendment on which further proceedings were resources be put at the border. It only came up rather quickly, before Mem- postponed and on which the noes pre- allows them to be put at the border if bers could have a chance to really vailed by voice vote. the administration determines it needs study this baby. I want their vote. The Clerk will redesignate the to be done. If they stand for stomping out nar- amendment. Let me tell my colleagues, as some- cotics, cocaine, heroin in this country, The Clerk redesignated the amend- one who lives within a quarter mile of then stand up today. I hear all this big ment. the border, my children and my wife mouth rhetoric. Stand up today. This are in that neighborhood today. It is is not about the border patrol; it is not RECORDED VOTE quite unfair and quite inappropriate for about Central Americans. This is about The CHAIRMAN. A recorded vote has us to say that our U.S. capabilities will our national security. And dammit, if been demanded. defend the neighborhoods of every na- we are not going to act here today, A recorded vote was ordered. tion in the world, but we will not de- there will be no opportunity to act. The vote was taken by electronic de- fend the neighborhoods of south San I would say one last thing about cost: vice, and there were—ayes 145, noes 253, Diego. What do Members think 25,000 border not voting 36, as follows: H4118 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997

[Roll No. 221] Lewis (KY) Pickett Smith (TX) RECORDED VOTE Linder Pitts Smith, Adam AYES—145 Livingston Portman Smith, Linda The CHAIRMAN. A recorded vote has Abercrombie Gutknecht Nadler Lucas Pryce (OH) Snowbarger been demanded. Allen Hall (OH) Neumann Maloney (CT) Quinn Snyder A recorded vote was ordered. Baldacci Hilliard Norwood Manzullo Radanovich Solomon The vote was taken by electronic de- Martinez Redmond Souder Barrett (WI) Hinchey Nussle vice, and there were—ayes 248, noes 146, Becerra Hobson Obey Matsui Regula Spence Bentsen Hoekstra Owens McCollum Reyes Spratt not voting 40, as follows: Berman Hooley Pallone McDade Riggs Stearns [Roll No. 222] Blagojevich Jackson (IL) Pastor McHugh Riley Stenholm Blumenauer Jackson-Lee Paul McInnis Rodriguez Stump AYES—248 Bonior (TX) Payne McIntyre Rogan Sununu Abercrombie Gilchrest Pappas Brown (OH) Johnson (WI) Pelosi McKeon Rogers Talent Aderholt Goodling Paul Camp Kanjorski Peterson (MN) McNulty Ros-Lehtinen Tanner Archer Gordon Paxon Campbell Kelly Petri Meek Roybal-Allard Taylor (MS) Armey Graham Payne Capps Kennedy (MA) Porter Metcalf Royce Thomas Bachus Granger Pease Cardin Kildee Poshard Mica Ryun Thompson Baker Green Peterson (PA) Carson Kilpatrick Price (NC) Millender- Salmon Thornberry Baldacci Greenwood Petri Coble Kind (WI) Ramstad McDonald Sandlin Thune Barr Gutknecht Pickering Collins Kleczka Rangel Miller (FL) Sanford Thurman Bartlett Hall (OH) Pickett Conyers Klink Rivers Molinari Sawyer Tiahrt Barton Hansen Pitts Costello Klug Roemer Mollohan Saxton Traficant Bass Harman Portman Coyne Kucinich Rohrabacher Moran (KS) Scarborough Turner Bereuter Hastert Pryce (OH) Cummings LaFalce Rothman Murtha Schaefer, Dan Visclosky Bilbray Hastings (WA) Quinn Danner Lampson Roukema Myrick Schaffer, Bob Walsh Bilirakis Hayworth Radanovich Davis (FL) Lantos Rush Neal Schumer Wamp Bishop Hefley Ramstad Davis (IL) Latham Sabo Ney Scott Watkins Blunt Herger Redmond DeFazio Leach Sanchez Northup Sessions Watts (OK) Boehlert Hill Regula Delahunt Levin Sanders Olver Shadegg Weldon (FL) Bonilla Hilleary Reyes Dellums Lewis (GA) Sensenbrenner Ortiz Shaw Weldon (PA) Bono Hinojosa Riggs Dingell LoBiondo Serrano Oxley Sherman Weller Boswell Hobson Riley Doggett Lofgren Shays Packard Shimkus Weygand Boucher Hooley Rogan Dooley Lowey Skaggs Pappas Shuster White Boyd Horn Rogers Doyle Luther Slaughter Parker Sisisky Whitfield Brady Hostettler Rohrabacher Duncan Maloney (NY) Stabenow Pascrell Skeen Wicker Brown (FL) Houghton Ros-Lehtinen Ehrlich Manton Stokes Paxon Skelton Wolf Brown (OH) Hoyer Roukema English Markey Strickland Pease Smith (MI) Young (AK) Bryant Hulshof Royce Eshoo Mascara Stupak Peterson (PA) Smith (NJ) Young (FL) Burr Hunter Ryun Evans McCarthy (MO) Tauscher Pickering Smith (OR) Burton Hutchinson Salmon Farr McCarthy (NY) Tierney NOT VOTING—36 Calvert Inglis Sandlin Fattah McDermott Towns Camp Istook Sanford Filner McGovern Upton Ackerman Deutsch Nethercutt Campbell Jefferson Saxton Foglietta McHale Velazquez Ballenger Doolittle Oberstar Canady Jenkins Scarborough Foley McKinney Vento Barrett (NE) Ehlers Pombo Cannon John Schaefer, Dan Ford Meehan Waters Bliley Furse Pomeroy Capps Johnson, E. B. Schaffer, Bob Frank (MA) Menendez Watt (NC) Brown (CA) Gephardt Rahall Cardin Jones Sensenbrenner Franks (NJ) Minge Waxman Buyer Goss Schiff Carson Kasich Sessions Goodlatte Mink Wexler Chenoweth Johnson, Sam Stark Castle Kelly Shadegg Green Moakley Woolsey Clay Largent Tauzin Chabot Kennedy (RI) Shaw Greenwood Moran (VA) Wynn Clayton Lipinski Taylor (NC) Chambliss Kim Shays Gutierrez Morella Coburn McCrery Torres Christensen Kingston Shimkus Cooksey McIntosh Wise Clement Klug Shuster NOES—253 DeGette Miller (CA) Yates Clyburn Knollenberg Skaggs Coble Aderholt Cook Granger b Kolbe Skeen 1327 Combest Andrews Cox Hall (TX) LaFalce Skelton Condit Archer Cramer Hamilton The Clerk announced the following LaHood Smith (MI) Cook Armey Crane Hansen pairs: Lampson Smith (NJ) Costello Bachus Crapo Harman Latham Smith (OR) On this vote: Cox Baesler Cubin Hastert LaTourette Smith (TX) Cramer Baker Cunningham Hastings (FL) Mr. Rahall for, with Mr. Deutsch against. Lazio Smith, Adam Crane Barcia Davis (VA) Hastings (WA) Mr. Stark for, with Mr. McIntosh against. Levin Smith, Linda Cubin Barr Deal Hayworth Lewis (CA) Snowbarger Messrs. CRANE, METCALF, MILLER Cummings Bartlett DeLauro Hefley Lewis (KY) Snyder of Florida, and NEAL of Massachusetts Cunningham Barton DeLay Hefner Linder Solomon Danner Bass Diaz-Balart Herger changed their vote from ‘‘aye’’ to ‘‘no.’’ Livingston Souder Deal Bateman Dickey Hill Ms. CARSON, Messrs. PAYNE, RUSH LoBiondo Stearns DeLay Bereuter Dicks Hilleary Lucas Stenholm and HILLIARD, and Mrs. KELLY, Diaz-Balart Berry Dixon Hinojosa Maloney (NY) Stump changed their vote from ‘‘no’’ to ‘‘aye.’’ Dickey Bilbray Dreier Holden Manzullo Stupak Dicks Bilirakis Dunn Horn So the amendment was rejected. Martinez Sununu Dixon Bishop Edwards Hostettler The result of the vote was announced Matsui Talent Dooley Blunt Emerson Houghton McCollum Tanner as above recorded. Dreier Boehlert Engel Hoyer McDade Tauscher ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE CHAIRMAN Duncan Boehner Ensign Hulshof McHale Thomas Dunn Bonilla Etheridge Hunter The CHAIRMAN. Pursuant to the McHugh Thompson Ehrlich Bono Everett Hutchinson McInnis Thornberry rule, the Chair announces that he will Emerson Borski Ewing Hyde McIntyre Thune reduce to a minimum of 5 minutes the English Boswell Fawell Inglis McKeon Thurman Ensign Boucher Fazio Istook period of time within which a vote by Metcalf Tiahrt Eshoo Boyd Flake Jefferson electronic device will be taken on each Mica Towns Ewing Brady Forbes Jenkins Millender- Traficant amendment on which the Chair has Farr Brown (FL) Fowler John McDonald Turner Fawell Bryant Fox Johnson (CT) postponed further proceedings. Miller (FL) Upton Fazio Bunning Frelinghuysen Johnson, E. B. AMENDMENT NO. 22 OFFERED BY MR. HEFLEY Molinari Walsh Flake Burr Frost Jones Moran (KS) Wamp The CHAIRMAN. The pending busi- Foley Burton Gallegly Kaptur Morella Watkins Fowler Callahan Ganske Kasich ness is the demand for a recorded vote Myrick Watts (OK) Fox Calvert Gejdenson Kennedy (RI) on the amendment offered by the gen- Neumann Weldon (PA) Frank (MA) Canady Gekas Kennelly Northup Weller tleman from Colorado [Mr. HEFLEY] on Franks (NJ) Cannon Gibbons Kim Norwood White which further proceedings were post- Frelinghuysen Castle Gilchrest King (NY) Nussle Whitfield Gallegly Chabot Gillmor Kingston poned and on which the noes prevailed Ortiz Wicker Gekas Chambliss Gilman Knollenberg by voice vote. Oxley Wolf Gibbons Christensen Gonzalez Kolbe The Clerk will redesignate the Packard Young (AK) Clement Goode LaHood amendment. NOES—146 Clyburn Goodling LaTourette Combest Gordon Lazio The Clerk redesignated the amend- Allen Baesler Barrett (WI) Condit Graham Lewis (CA) ment. Andrews Barcia Bateman June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4119

Becerra Hilliard Neal RECORDED VOTE Smith (TX) Sununu Wamp Bentsen Hinchey Ney Smith, Adam Talent Watkins Berman Hoekstra Obey The CHAIRMAN. A recorded vote has Smith, Linda Tanner Watts (OK) Berry Holden Olver been demanded. Snowbarger Tauscher Weldon (PA) Blagojevich Hyde Owens A recorded vote was ordered. Solomon Taylor (MS) Weller Blumenauer Jackson (IL) Pallone Souder Thomas White Bonior Jackson-Lee Parker The CHAIRMAN. This will be a 5- Spence Thornberry Whitfield Borski (TX) Pascrell minute vote. Spratt Thune Wicker Bunning Johnson (CT) Pastor Stabenow Thurman Wolf Callahan Johnson (WI) Pelosi The vote was taken by electronic de- Stearns Traficant Wynn Collins Kanjorski Peterson (MN) vice, and there were—ayes 290, noes 100, Stenholm Upton Young (AK) Conyers Kaptur Porter not voting 44, as follows: Strickland Visclosky Young (FL) Coyne Kennedy (MA) Poshard Stump Walsh Crapo Kennelly Price (NC) [Roll No. 223] Davis (FL) Kildee Rangel AYES—290 NOES—100 Davis (IL) Kilpatrick Rivers Allen Furse Moakley Abercrombie Frost McHugh Davis (VA) Kind (WI) Rodriguez Baldacci Gonzalez Mollohan Aderholt Gallegly McInnis DeFazio King (NY) Roemer Barcia Hamilton Moran (VA) Andrews Ganske McIntyre Delahunt Kleczka Rothman Barrett (WI) Hastings (FL) Nadler Archer Gejdenson McKeon DeLauro Klink Roybal-Allard Becerra Hefner Neal Armey Gekas McKinney Dellums Kucinich Rush Berman Hilliard Obey Bachus Gibbons McNulty Dingell Lantos Sabo Bishop Hinojosa Olver Baesler Gilchrest Meehan Doggett Leach Sanchez Blumenauer Hoyer Owens Baker Gilman Menendez Doyle Lewis (GA) Sanders Bonior Jackson (IL) Pastor Barr Goode Metcalf Edwards Lofgren Sawyer Borski Jackson-Lee Payne Bartlett Goodlatte Mica Engel Lowey Schumer Brown (FL) (TX) Pelosi Barton Goodling Miller (FL) Etheridge Luther Scott Capps Johnson (WI) Price (NC) Bass Gordon Minge Evans Maloney (CT) Serrano Cardin Johnson, E. B. Rangel Bateman Graham Molinari Everett Manton Sherman Clyburn Kanjorski Rodriguez Bentsen Granger Moran (KS) Fattah Markey Sisisky Conyers Kennedy (MA) Roemer Bereuter Green Morella Filner Mascara Slaughter Coyne Kilpatrick Roybal-Allard Berry Greenwood Murtha Foglietta McCarthy (MO) Spence Cummings Kind (WI) Rush Bilbray Gutierrez Myrick Forbes McCarthy (NY) Spratt Davis (IL) Kleczka Sabo Bilirakis Gutknecht Neumann Ford McDermott Stabenow Delahunt Lampson Sawyer Blagojevich Hall (OH) Ney Frost McGovern Strickland DeLauro Levin Serrano Blunt Hall (TX) Northup Furse McKinney Taylor (MS) Dellums Lewis (GA) Skaggs Boehlert Hansen Norwood Ganske McNulty Tierney Dingell Lofgren Snyder Bonilla Harman Nussle Gejdenson Meehan Velazquez Dixon Lowey Stupak Bono Hastert Ortiz Gilman Meek Vento Doggett Luther Thompson Boswell Hastings (WA) Oxley Gonzalez Menendez Visclosky Dooley Manton Tierney Boucher Hayworth Packard Goode Minge Waters Engel Markey Towns Boyd Hefley Pallone Goodlatte Mink Watt (NC) Etheridge Matsui Turner Brady Herger Pappas Gutierrez Moakley Waxman Evans McCarthy (MO) Velazquez Bryant Hill Parker Hall (TX) Mollohan Weygand Fattah McDermott Vento Bunning Hilleary Pascrell Hamilton Moran (VA) Woolsey Fazio McGovern Waters Burr Hinchey Paul Hastings (FL) Murtha Wynn Filner Meek Watt (NC) Burton Hobson Paxon Hefner Nadler Young (FL) Flake Millender- Waxman Calvert Hoekstra Pease Foglietta McDonald Weygand Camp Holden Peterson (MN) NOT VOTING—40 Frank (MA) Mink Woolsey Campbell Hooley Peterson (PA) Ackerman Doolittle Pomeroy Canady Horn Petri Ballenger Ehlers Rahall NOT VOTING—44 Cannon Hostettler Pickering Barrett (NE) Gephardt Schiff Carson Houghton Pickett Ackerman Deutsch Pomeroy Bliley Gillmor Stark Castle Hulshof Pitts Ballenger Doolittle Rahall Boehner Goss Stokes Chabot Hunter Porter Barrett (NE) Ehlers Sandlin Brown (CA) Johnson, Sam Tauzin Chambliss Hutchinson Portman Bliley Gephardt Schiff Buyer Largent Taylor (NC) Christensen Hyde Poshard Boehner Gillmor Stark Chenoweth Lipinski Torres Clement Inglis Pryce (OH) Brown (CA) Goss Stokes Clay McCrery Weldon (FL) Coble Istook Quinn Brown (OH) Johnson, Sam Tauzin Clayton McIntosh Wexler Collins Jefferson Radanovich Buyer Largent Taylor (NC) Coburn Miller (CA) Wise Combest Jenkins Ramstad Callahan Lipinski Tiahrt Cooksey Nethercutt Yates Condit John Redmond Chenoweth McCrery Torres DeGette Oberstar Cook Johnson (CT) Regula Clay McIntosh Weldon (FL) Deutsch Pombo Costello Jones Reyes Clayton Miller (CA) Wexler Cox Kaptur Riggs Coburn Nethercutt Wise Cooksey Oberstar Yates b 1335 Cramer Kasich Riley Crane Kelly Rivers DeGette Pombo The Clerk announced the following Crapo Kennedy (RI) Rogan pairs: Cubin Kennelly Rogers b Cunningham Kildee Rohrabacher 1342 On this vote: Danner Kim Ros-Lehtinen The Clerk announced the following Davis (FL) King (NY) Rothman Mr. McIntosh for, with Mr. Stark against. pair: Ms. DeGette for, Mr. Deutsch against. Davis (VA) Kingston Roukema Deal Klink Royce On this vote: DeFazio Klug Ryun Mr. PALLONE and Mrs. LOWEY Mr. McIntosh for, with Mr. Stark against. changed their vote from ‘‘aye’’ to ‘‘no.’’ DeLay Knollenberg Salmon Diaz-Balart Kolbe Sanchez Mr. SHAYS and Ms. HARMAN Mr. FORD changed his vote from Dickey Kucinich Sanders ‘‘no’’ to ‘‘aye.’’ changed their vote from ‘‘no’’ to ‘‘aye.’’ Dicks LaFalce Sanford So the amendment was agreed to. Doyle LaHood Saxton So the amendment was agreed to. Dreier Lantos Scarborough The result of the vote was announced The result of the vote was announced Duncan Latham Schaefer, Dan as above recorded. as above recorded. Dunn LaTourette Schaffer, Bob Edwards Lazio Schumer PERSONAL EXPLANATION AMENDMENT NO. 41 OFFERED BY MR. WELDON OF Ehrlich Leach Scott Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Chairman, on rollcall No. PENNSYLVANIA Emerson Lewis (CA) Sensenbrenner The CHAIRMAN. The pending busi- English Lewis (KY) Sessions 223, I was unavoidably detained. Had I been ness is the demand for a recorded vote Ensign Linder Shadegg present, I would have voted ``aye.'' Eshoo Livingston Shaw PERSONAL EXPLANATION on the amendment offered by the gen- Everett LoBiondo Shays tleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. Ewing Lucas Sherman Mr. SANDLIN. Mr. Chairman, on WELDON] on which further proceedings Farr Maloney (CT) Shimkus rollcall vote No. 223, the Weldon were postponed and on which the noes Fawell Maloney (NY) Shuster Foley Manzullo Sisisky amendment, I would like for the prevailed by voice vote. Forbes Martinez Skeen RECORD to reflect that I was in the The Clerk will redesignate the Ford Mascara Skelton House, in the Chamber available to amendment. Fowler McCarthy (NY) Slaughter vote; I signaled the Chair to vote. As I Fox McCollum Smith (MI) The Clerk redesignated the amend- Franks (NJ) McDade Smith (NJ) approached, the vote was closed despite ment. Frelinghuysen McHale Smith (OR) my signaling. H4120 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 I want the RECORD to reflect that I Rangel Sessions Talent rollcalls No. 222, 223, and 224. Had I been Redmond Shadegg Tanner would have voted ‘‘aye.’’ I was avail- Regula Shaw Tauscher present, I would have voted ``aye'' on rollcall able to vote, in the Chamber. Riggs Shays Taylor (MS) 222, the Hefley amendment, ``aye'' on rollcall AMENDMENT OFFERED BY MR. TRAFICANT Riley Sherman Thomas 223, the Weldon amendment, and ``aye'' on Rivers Shimkus Thornberry rollcall 224, the Traficant amendment. The CHAIRMAN. The pending busi- Roemer Shuster Thune ness is the demand for a recorded vote Rogan Sisisky Thurman PERSONAL EXPLANATION on the amendment offered by the gen- Rogers Skeen Tiahrt Mr. DEUTSCH. Mr. Chairman, I was un- Rohrabacher Skelton Traficant avoidably detained today during rollcall vote tleman from Ohio [Mr. TRAFICANT] on Ros-Lehtinen Smith (MI) Turner which further proceedings were post- Roukema Smith (NJ) Upton Nos. 220, 223, and 224. Had I been present poned and on which the ayes prevailed Royce Smith (OR) Walsh I would have voted ``nay'' on each of these by voice vote. Ryun Smith (TX) Wamp votes. Salmon Smith, Adam Watkins (By unanimous consent, Mr. HUNTER The Clerk will redesignate the Sanchez Smith, Linda Watts (OK) amendment. Sandlin Snowbarger Weldon (PA) was allowed to speak out of order.) The Clerk redesignated the amend- Sanford Solomon Weller LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM Saxton Souder White ment. Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Chairman, let me Scarborough Spence Wicker just announce on behalf of the gen- RECORDED VOTE Schaefer, Dan Stearns Wolf tleman from South Carolina [Mr. The CHAIRMAN. A recorded vote has Schaffer, Bob Stenholm Young (AK) Schumer Strickland Young (FL) SPENCE] what his intent is for the been demanded. Sensenbrenner Sununu schedule for debate of amendments A recorded vote was ordered. NOES—119 next week with respect to the rest of The vote was taken by electronic de- Allen Hamilton Murtha the National Security bill. vice, and there were—ayes 269, noes 119, Baldacci Hastings (FL) Nadler On Monday afternoon, after doing answered ‘‘present’’ 1, not voting 45, as Barrett (WI) Hayworth Neal suspensions and any other necessary follows: Becerra Hilliard Olver Bentsen Hinchey Ortiz business, it is his desire to continue [Roll No. 224] Berman Hinojosa Pastor with the consideration of amendments AYES—269 Berry Hooley Paul to H.R. 1119; and it is further his intent Blagojevich Houghton Payne Abercrombie Ensign LaHood Blumenauer Hoyer Pelosi to have the following amendments de- Aderholt Eshoo Lantos Bonior Jackson (IL) Reyes bated during Monday afternoon with Andrews Etheridge Latham Borski Jackson-Lee Rodriguez Archer Everett LaTourette the votes rolled until after 5 p.m. Mon- Brown (FL) (TX) Rothman day afternoon. Armey Fattah Lazio Capps Johnson (WI) Roybal-Allard Bachus Fawell Leach Cardin Johnson, E. B. Rush That is the Frank amendment on Baesler Flake Levin Carson Kanjorski Sabo NATO expansion, amendment No. 10 of- Baker Foley Lewis (CA) Conyers Kennedy (MA) Sanders Barcia Forbes Lewis (KY) fered by Mr. GILMAN on POW-MIA is- Coyne Kennedy (RI) Sawyer sues, amendment No. 11 offered by Mr. Barr Fowler Livingston Davis (FL) Kennelly Scott Bartlett Fox LoBiondo Davis (IL) Kildee Serrano BUYER and Mr. KENNEDY of Rhode Is- Barton Franks (NJ) Lowey DeFazio Kilpatrick Skaggs land on Persian Gulf illness, and pos- Bass Frelinghuysen Lucas Delahunt Kleczka Slaughter sibly an en bloc package of amend- Bateman Frost Luther DeLauro Kolbe Snyder Bereuter Gallegly Maloney (CT) Dellums Lampson Spratt ments from part 2 of the rule that have Bilbray Gekas Maloney (NY) Dingell Lewis (GA) Stabenow been worked out and are acceptable to Bilirakis Gibbons Manton Dixon Linder Stump Bishop Gilchrest Manzullo the committee. Doggett Lofgren Stupak Then, after voting, around the 5 p.m. Blunt Gilman Mascara Dooley Markey Thompson Boehlert Goode McCarthy (MO) Edwards Martinez Tierney time frame, it is further his intent to Bono Goodlatte McCarthy (NY) Ehrlich Matsui Towns resume the consideration of amend- Boswell Goodling McCollum Evans McDermott Velazquez Boucher Gordon McDade ments from part 1 of the rule as late Farr McGovern Vento into Monday evening as the schedule Boyd Graham McHugh Fazio McHale Visclosky Brady Granger McInnis Filner McKinney Waters will permit; and it is his hope to finish Bryant Greenwood McIntyre Foglietta Meehan Watt (NC) consideration of amendments on Mon- Bunning Gutknecht McKeon Ford Meek Waxman day evening, and that would mean con- Burr Hall (OH) McNulty Frank (MA) Menendez Weygand Burton Hall (TX) Metcalf Furse Millender- Whitfield sidering the following amendments on Calvert Hansen Mica Gejdenson McDonald Woolsey Monday evening after the 5 p.m. votes. Camp Harman Miller (FL) Gonzalez Mink Wynn Campbell Hastert Minge That is amendment No. 7, offered by Green Mollohan the gentleman from California, the Cannon Hastings (WA) Moakley Gutierrez Moran (VA) Castle Hefley Molinari ranking member, Mr. DELLUMS, on the Chabot Hefner Moran (KS) NOT VOTING—45 B–2 bomber; amendment No. 8, offered Chambliss Herger Morella Ackerman DeGette Nethercutt Christensen Hill Myrick by Mr. BUYER; and No. 9, offered by Mr. Ballenger Deutsch Oberstar Clement Hilleary Neumann Barrett (NE) Doolittle Pombo HILLEARY, on Bosnia. And under the Clyburn Hobson Ney Bliley Ehlers Pomeroy rule these 20-minute amendments Coble Hoekstra Northup Boehner Ewing Rahall Collins Holden Norwood would be preceded by 1 hour of general Brown (CA) Ganske Schiff Combest Horn Nussle debate, and the amendment made in Brown (OH) Gephardt Stark Condit Hostettler Obey Buyer Gillmor Stokes order yesterday in the amended rule of- Cook Hulshof Owens Callahan Goss Tauzin fered by Mr. EVERETT on depot policy Costello Hunter Oxley Canady Johnson, Sam Taylor (NC) Cox Hutchinson Packard and any remaining part 2 amendments, Chenoweth Largent Torres Cramer Hyde Pallone Clay Lipinski Weldon (FL) either in an en bloc package or consid- Crane Inglis Pappas Clayton McCrery Wexler eration individually, as 10-minute Crapo Istook Parker Coburn McIntosh Wise Cubin Jefferson Pascrell amendments under the rule. Cooksey Miller (CA) Yates Cummings Jenkins Paxon So it is his desire to dispose of all Cunningham John Pease b 1351 amendments on Monday evening so Danner Johnson (CT) Peterson (MN) that we can finish consideration of the Davis (VA) Jones Peterson (PA) The Clerk announced the following Deal Kaptur Petri pair: bill sometime in the Tuesday morning DeLay Kasich Pickering On this vote: timeframe. Diaz-Balart Kelly Pickett Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, will Dickey Kim Pitts Mr. McIntosh for, with Mr. Stark against. the gentleman yield? Dicks Kind (WI) Porter So the amendment was agreed to. Doyle King (NY) Portman Mr. HUNTER. I yield to the gen- Dreier Kingston Poshard The result of the vote was announced tleman from California. Duncan Klink Price (NC) as above recorded. Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Chairman, I Dunn Klug Pryce (OH) PERSONAL EXPLANATION thank the gentleman for yielding to Emerson Knollenberg Quinn Engel Kucinich Radanovich Mr. BOEHNER. Mr. Chairman, unfortu- me, and I am very sorry that most of English LaFalce Ramstad nately, I was not present to record votes on our colleagues have probably left for June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4121 their weekend schedules in their var- sible, that the chairman has that de- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there ious districts, but I must make this ob- sire; it is because we have got another objection to the request of the gen- servation, that I cannot remember a issue coming up that is supposed to be tleman from California? Monday night in this session that we engaged on Tuesday. So we may be There was no objection. have worked, and if we have, not a bill bumping up against the schedule. f of this extraordinary magnitude. I want to assure my colleague that it LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM The gentleman has laid out a number is my desire to have a robust debate, of significant and important, often con- especially on the B–2 issue, and I know (Mr. FAZIO of California asked and tentious, difficult issues that we must the depot issue is one that has a lot of was given permission to address the deal with. This gentleman will be here claimants and will have a great deal of House for 1 minute.) prepared to do a job; that is what I debate offered, and the chairman of the Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Speak- have to do. But I want to say on behalf full committee is a very gracious indi- er, I yield to the gentleman from Texas of myself and other Members that the vidual, and I am sure if the gentleman (Mr. Armey), the majority leader, for fact that we are now suddenly finding talks to him, if we can get an extra the purpose of inquiring about the ourselves in such a constrained sched- hour or two on Tuesday morning from schedule for next week. ule, that we have to push all of these the leadership and maybe push that Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, I thank issues into a Monday night I think flies other issue up a little bit, we can have the gentleman for yielding. in the face of what I think is reason- a more robust debate on B–2, Bosnia Mr. Speaker, before proceeding to the ableness. and the depot issue. House schedule, I would like to have Now, I understand that there may be So the gentleman has got my assur- everyone’s attention for a very impor- some time left over on Tuesday, but we ance that I will sit with him and the tant announcement. now rush to judgment on a whole range chairman, and my desire is to have as My son and my lovely daughter-in- of issues. I just want to make the ob- big a debate and as full a debate as pos- law last night graced me with a new servation, Mr. Chairman, and to my sible. little fishing buddy. David and Laurie colleague, that I am not comfortable So that is what I would offer to the Armey became the proud parents of a with the way this is proceeding. I have gentleman, but I understand that the beautiful baby boy, as yet without a said at the outset, I do not like the chairman of the full committee had the name, my first grandson, my first rush to judgment on a $263 billion problem of bumping up against the grandchild. And even though I am not budget, and now we are constrained next bill, and that is why he is trying a registered lobbyist, I would like to into one day. When we went before the to get our amendments finished and make a pitch to the new parents. Rich- Committee on Rules, they said Thurs- get the bill finished by Tuesday morn- ard, a great name, a name of kings, day, Friday, Monday and Tuesday, try ing. presidents, race car drivers and coun- to finish this bill up on Tuesday. Now Mr. DELLUMS. If the gentleman will try music singers. I would hope that maybe there is an hour or two on Tues- yield, I appreciate his response. I un- the distinguished gentleman from Mis- day. We are forced to deal with a myr- derstand that this committee is operat- souri (Mr. GEPHARDT), the distin- iad of incredible issues. ing within the framework of a much guished minority leader, would join me Now, the reality is that 300 or 400 of larger structure. I just felt compelled in this lobbying effort to add one more our colleagues are already gone, head- to make that observation. I think that Richard to this world. ing home; many of them are going to disadvantages a number of Members on Mr. FAZIO of California. Reclaiming fly back in here to be back on the floor both sides of the aisle, but that is just my time, I would certainly like to indi- at 5 o’clock. They are not going to my observation, and leadership going cate I will intercede with him, and the know what we are debating. Many of to have to make the judgment that gentleman from Texas has my commit- them will be tired from the weekend they choose to make. Unfortunately, ment to help him in the lobbying for and tired from their flights, and we are we will of to live with them, but I do another little Richard. going to get into issues like the B–2 not think that they are good judg- Mr. ARMEY. I thank the gentleman, bomber, like Bosnia, like the whole ments. and I thank him for his timely re- range of critical questions that are Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Chairman, I thank minder of even one more classification, very contentious and important here. the gentleman from California [Mr. pop singers named Richard as well as I think we ought to be at our best DELLUMS]. country singers. when we are dealing with these issues, Mr. Chairman, I move that the Com- Now, Mr. Speaker, if I can return to not when we are tired and not when we mittee do now rise. less important matters, the business of are making votes based on our igno- The motion was agreed to. this House, we have finished the last rance by not being here. I just want to vote for the week. We will meet for leg- b make that statement. I am not running 1400 islative business on Monday, June 23; the show here, those folks are, but I Accordingly, the Committee rose; let me reiterate, we will meet for legis- just want my colleagues to know from and the Speaker pro tempore [Mr. CAL- lative business on Monday, June 23. We this side of the aisle that I am very un- VERT] having assumed the chair, Mr. will start morning hour at 10:30 a.m. comfortable with the way this process YOUNG of Florida, Chairman of the and consideration of legislation will is going. It is the first Monday that we Committee of the Whole House on the commence at 12 noon. are dealing with this level of signifi- State of the Union, reported that that Members should note that we will cance, and I would like for my col- Committee, having had under consider- not hold any recorded votes before 5 league to at least respond in some ation the bill (H.R. 1119) to authorize p.m. on Monday. On Monday, June 23, manner to that concern. appropriations for fiscal years 1998 and we plan to take up a number of bills Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Chairman, I thank 1999 for military activities of the De- under suspension of the rules, a list of the gentleman from California [Mr. partment of Defense, to prescribe mili- which will be distributed to Members’ DELLUMS]. Let me just say personally, tary personnel strengths for fiscal offices this afternoon. The House will as the gentleman who has engaged the years 1998 and 1999, and for other pur- then resume consideration of H.R. 1119, gentleman in these major arms control poses, had come to no resolution there- the National Defense Authorization issues and the B–2 bomber issue for a on. Act, for fiscal years 1998 and 1999. We number of years, I too look forward to f expect to work well into the evening on a robust debate on the B–2 bomber, and Monday, probably until 10 or 11 p.m., I think it is our duty to force as many GENERAL LEAVE on DOD amendments. colleagues as we can to listen to us one Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Speaker, I ask On Tuesday, June 24, the House will more time on that issue, and I think unanimous consent that all Members meet at 9 a.m. for morning hour and 10 we will be able to do that. may have 5 legislative days within a.m. for legislative business. We will I understand that the reason that we which to revise and extend their re- take up the following bills: H.R. 1316, are trying to keep this thing out of marks and to include extraneous mate- the Federal Fishery Clarification Act Tuesday’s schedule as much as pos- rial in the RECORD on H.R. 1119. on the Corrections Day Calendar; H4122 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 House Joint Resolution 79, to Dis- my good friend, the gentleman from So I would think that generally 6, 7 approve Most-Favored-Nation Treat- California [Mr. DELLUMS], to have the p.m. on the other evenings would be ap- ment to the Products of the People’s body fully informed about his amend- proximately, until Thursday, of course, Republic of China, which will be sub- ments that it might make the most ju- where it is our hard and fast hope to ject to a rule; and the House will then dicious vote possible, and I am sure he complete our work by 6 p.m. in order to continue consideration of H.R. 1119, the appreciates my interest in the matter. accommodate the travel arrangements National Defense Authorization Act. Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Speak- that Members like to make. We hope to finish DOD on Tuesday er, the gentleman from California [Mr. Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Speak- evening. DELLUMS] says he understands, Mr. er, I thank the leader. I believe Mem- On Wednesday, June 25, and Thurs- Leader, and I appreciate the fact that bers appreciate the firm commitment day, June 26, the House will meet at 10 you did not further reference the depot for departure time, and I appreciate a.m. to consider the fiscal year 1998 issue. the degree to which the gentleman has budget reconciliation. We expect to I would like to inquire a bit about been sticking to that. On behalf of the take up the spending component of rec- reconciliation and the tax bill. It has minority we appreciate very much that onciliation on Wednesday and the tax been my understanding and I think the commitment consistently being made cut component on Thursday. We should understanding of many Members that and kept. finish the week’s business by 6 p.m. on we were going to have separate votes Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, I thank Thursday and have Members on their on the reconciliation package and the the gentleman. way back to their districts for the July tax package. Mr. Speaker, I want to thank my col- Fourth district work period. Just to clarify, is there a continu- league, the gentleman from California Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Speak- ation of that commitment, or is there [Mr. FAZIO], who helped all of us Rich- er, reclaiming my time, if I could ask some move afoot to perhaps combine ards get it right, and I encourage peo- the distinguished majority leader, we two separate bills into one and have ple to understand the importance of have just been informed by the col- one vote on the package? the name Richard in the lives of little loquy between the gentleman from Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Chairman, if the children. California [Mr. HUNTER] and the gen- gentleman would continue to yield, our Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Speak- tleman from California [Mr. DELLUMS] current plan is to take the two compo- er, I am very happy to have had this about the concern that a number have, nents, reduction in spending and reduc- colloquy. I am sure on both sides of the aisle, tion in taxes of reconciliation as two f about extremely important amend- separate bills. The House has retained ments being voted on on the defense the option to treat that as a single rec- ADJOURNMENT FROM SATURDAY, authorization bill late Monday night. onciliation bill and we do that, al- JUNE 21, 1997, TO MONDAY, JUNE Is it possible that since we have some though I must say I have no indication 23, 1997 time on Tuesday dedicated for the de- now that there would be a movement Mr. GUTKNECHT. Mr. Speaker, I ask fense bill, we could take the 3 items in that direction. unanimous consent that when the that the gentleman from California I do think it is only fair, though, to House adjourns on Saturday, June 21, [Mr. HUNTER] mentioned: Bosnia, the recognize that while we currently plan 1997, it adjourn to meet at 10:30 a.m. on depot issue, and the B–2, and designate to have them in two bills, that that op- Monday, June 23, 1997, for morning them on Tuesday, so that the majority tion still remains and should there be a hour debates. of the Members who might not make it decision to make a change, obviously The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there on Monday, certainly maybe the over- we would notify the minority as quick- objection to the request of the gen- whelming share of them, would be here ly as possible. for those three very important debates. tleman from Minnesota? Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, again, if Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Speak- There was no objection. the gentleman would yield, obviously er, so it is fair to say at the moment f there is no intention of doing so, but the management of the bill within the DISPENSING WITH CALENDAR time slots granted to it is at the direc- the gentleman from Texas [Mr. ARMEY] retains, he believes, the option of doing WEDNESDAY BUSINESS ON tion, and should be, of the committee WEDNESDAY NEXT floor managers. This office is always so? ready to stand willing to work with the Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, the gen- Mr. GUTKNECHT. Mr. Speaker, I ask floor managers of a bill to assist in any tleman is absolutely correct. unanimous consent that the business way to help them achieve the flexibil- Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Speak- in order under the Calendar Wednesday ity that will give them the greatest op- er, I know the gentleman understands rule be dispensed with on Wednesday portunity to manage their bill in the that Members on this side of the aisle next. most effective and responsive way pos- feel very strongly about the commit- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there sible, and we will do that in this case ment that they believe has been made objection to the request of the gen- on this subject as well. that we deal with them on a separate tleman from Minnesota? Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Speak- level, and I think that is a broadly-be- There was no objection. er, I appreciate that. Since the gen- lieved feeling on this side from one end f tleman from California [Mr. HUNTER] of the political spectrum on the other. The gentleman has indicated that we MOST FAVORED NATION STATUS believes that the gentleman from FOR CHINA South Carolina [Mr. SPENCE] may be are going to be having very late nights able to accommodate the concerns ex- next week. What nights would we be (Mr. DREIER asked and was given pressed about so many important votes expected to be here and how late would permission to address the House for 1 so late Monday night, I would hope we be? minute and to revise and extend his re- that the gentleman from Texas [Mr. Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, if the gen- marks and include extraneous mate- ARMEY] would intercede with the chair- tleman will continue to yield, I believe rial.) man and we could assure the Members, Monday night would probably, as I an- Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, I wish to who may not have been prepared to ticipate, be the only night where we share with my colleagues an extraor- come back on Monday, that they will would expect to stay late. Of course dinary letter that I received last night. have an opportunity on the key issues partially because in order to accommo- Over the past several weeks there has and final passage perhaps on Tuesday. date the people’s travel requirements, been a perception that virtually all Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, if the gen- we really effectively begin the day Christian leaders in this country sup- tleman will yield further, I will encour- late, but the other evenings of next port revocation of Most Favored Na- age the gentleman from South Carolina week I do not believe our work require- tion trading status for the People’s Re- [Mr. SPENCE] in every way possible and ments would require us to go late, and public of China. assist him in any way that I may. I do not anticipate that there would be Just yesterday we heard here in the If I might just add, I certainly would anything that would cause that to hap- Capitol from many Christian mission- like to do everything I can on behalf of pen. aries who have been on the ground in June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4123 China working to spread the gospel, Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speak- eration; and as we have more and more and then last night I received what I er, I would like to spend a couple of retirees in relation to the number of believe to be an unprecedented letter minutes talking about some of the workers, the problem is compounding. from the Reverend Billy Graham, and I things that were not in the budget Here is what is happening. No. 1, peo- am going to ask unanimous consent to agreement that should have been in the ple are living longer. Our medical tech- have it included in the RECORD and I budget agreement. One is the problem nology has done a great job. When we will have copies of it here for my col- that we are facing on the insolvency of started Social Security, the average leagues on the House floor. Social Security; and another is the sit- age at death was 62-years-old. Today, Mr. Speaker, in this letter he says, ‘‘I uation developing with an increasing guess what the average age at death is? am in favor of doing all we can to insolvency problem for our Medicare The average age at death today is 75- strengthen our relationship with China Program. years-old. Once you live to be 65 and and its people. China is rapidly becom- What we are doing in this country start collecting Social Security, then, ing one of the dominant economic and now is we are asking young working on the average, you are gong to live to political powers in the world and I be- families to pay in additional taxes to be 84 So you have, No. 1, people who are lieve it is far better for us to keep pay for the benefits going to senior living longer, and then, No. 2, we had China as a friend than to treat it as an citizens in such areas as Medicare and the biggest increase in the birth rate adversary.’’ Social Security. I am especially con- ever before in our history with the This is a very potent message. While cerned with Social Security because baby boomers, the children of the vet- the Reverend Graham does not want to according to statistics, more and more erans of World War II. get involved in the MFN debate, he young people are depending on that So- Those baby boomers are now in their makes his position very, very clear cial Security for retirement benefits as maximum earnings years. They are about the need to maintain engage- they are saving less than past genera- going to start retiring around 2008, and ment. I urge my colleagues to oppose tions for their own retirement. when they start retiring, of course, two the resolution of disapproval when it b 1415 things happen. Many more people will comes up next week. collect benefits and the maximum Montreat, NC, June 19, 1997. Let me briefly discuss the problem earnings of those people are not going Hon. DAVID DREIER, that we are running into on Social Se- to be taxed anymore for Social Secu- Congress of the United States, House of Rep- curity. Since it is a pay-as-you-go pro- rity to pay out benefits. resentatives, Washington, DC. gram, the taxes paid in by workers are DEAR CONGRESSMAN DREIER, Thank you for So the experts are suggesting we are the telephone calls concerning the People’s taken by the Social Security Adminis- going to run short of money as early as Republic of China that you have made re- tration. Those Social Security taxes, 2005. Maybe it is going to be 2011 or cently to both me and my son, Ned, who those FICA taxes, are then paid out to 2012, but it could be as early as 2005. heads a ministry which works closely with existing retirees. So despite what many Then what do we do? How does this the churches of China. Ned and I have dis- Americans think, that there is some Federal Government, how does this cussed the issue and felt that it was impor- kind of savings, there is not. Congress, Democrats and Republicans, tant enough for me to write directly to you. Since 1983 when we substantially in- Like you, I have great respect for China’s start paying back what they have bor- creased the Social Security tax on rowed from the Social Security Trust long and rich heritage, and I am grateful for working Americans, we have had a sur- the opportunities I have had to visit that Fund? How do we come up with the ad- great country. It has been a privilege to get plus coming into that fund. For every ditional money necessary to pay exist- to know many of its leaders and also to be- penny of surplus that has come in, we ing benefits? come familiar with the actual situation of have seen the Federal Government— Look, politicians are going to have to religious believers in the P.R.C. the U.S. Congress and the President take their heads out of the sand and The current debate about renewing China’s spend every cent of that surplus com- ‘‘Most Favored Nation’’ trading status no start dealing with these tough, real ing in from Social Security taxes for problems that are facing us in the fu- doubt raises many complex and difficult other social spending that this Govern- questions, and it is not my intention to be- ture. It is not politically popular, so come involved in the political aspects of this ment has suggested it needs. many Members think they are going to issue. However, I am in favor of doing all we Here is the problem. When some of us be beat up back home, and I suggest can to strengthen our relationship with brag that we are actually balancing the that they may be right. But we have to China and its people. China is rapidly becom- budget in the year 2002, the fact is that take our heads out of the sand. Let us ing one of the dominant economic and politi- in that year, 2002, we are actually bor- start dealing with these problems. cal powers in the world, and I believe it is far rowing $110 billion from the Social Se- better for us to keep China as a friend than curity Trust Fund. So the budget is not f to treat it as an adversary. Furthermore, in truly in balance. Truly what we are The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. CAL- my experience, nations respond to friendship VERT). Under a previous order of the just as much as people do. doing is pretending that we are in bal- While I will not be releasing a formal pub- ance because we are using money that House, the gentleman from California lic statement on the M.F.N. debate, you is coming into the Social Security [Mr. HORN] is recognized for 5 minutes. should feel free to share my sentiments with Trust Fund and spending it for other [Mr. HORN addressed the House. His your colleagues. May God give you and all purposes. remarks will appear hereafter in the your colleagues His wisdom as you debate Mr. Speaker, there are only two ways Extensions of Remarks.] this important issue. to deal with the insolvency of Social With every good wish, f Security. We either in some fashion in- BILLY GRAHAM. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a crease revenues or we decrease bene- f previous order of the House, the gen- fits. tleman from California [Mr. DREIER] is SPECIAL ORDERS I have introduced a Social Security recognized for 5 minutes. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. CAL- bill in this last session. It is the only [Mr. DREIER addressed the House. VERT). Under the Speaker’s announced bill introduced in the House that deals policy of January 7, 1997, and under a with the problem of the insolvency of His remarks will appear hereafter in previous order of the House, the follow- Social Security. That bill has been the Extensions of Remarks.] ing Members will be recognized for 5 scored by the Social Security Adminis- f minutes each. tration to keep Social Security solvent THE ECONOMY: PAST, PRESENT f for the next 75 years. Somehow we have to get the message AND FUTURE INSOLVENCY IN SOCIAL SECURITY out to the American people, especially The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under AND MEDICARE the younger people working, that they the Speaker’s announced policy of Jan- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a had better look at what their retire- uary 7, 1997, the gentleman from Wis- previous order of the House, the gen- ment benefits are. They had better consin [Mr. NEUMANN] is recognized for tleman from Michigan [Mr. SMITH] is look at the transfer of wealth from the 60 minutes as the designee of the ma- recognized for 5 minutes. working generation to the retired gen- jority leader. H4124 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. Speaker, in the ket is not present at all. We have, for The fifth point that I would like to interests of true bipartisan coopera- the last several years, attempted to make is that this is death by ambigu- tion, I yield 10 minutes to my good steer this country’s economy to mar- ity. There are ambiguous provisions in friend, the gentleman from Minnesota ket principles, the basic concepts of the law as it comes out of the Commit- [Mr. MINGE]. supply and demand. This is a repudi- tee on Ways and Means that make it THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT POLICY TOWARD ation of that principle. very difficult for the farmer-owned co- THE ETHANOL PROGRAM The second point, which is closely al- operatives to know whether or not they Mr. MINGE. Mr. Speaker, I would lied, is the destructive character of will be able to continue production, for like to thank the gentleman from Wis- this penalty itself. Ethanol simply can- the farmers who are interested in in- consin for yielding to me. not be produced if there is a 51-cent-a- vesting in cooperatives to manufacture Mr. Speaker, I rise this afternoon to gallon penalty on that production. To ethanol to know whether or not that discuss a topic which has become in- be sure, the base quantity of ethanol investment is worth making, and for creasingly controversial in this coun- can be produced. For that base quan- cooperatives and investor-owned facili- try. The topic is the policy that this tity, there is still for a temporary pe- ties that are already in place to know Government, the Federal Government, riod of time a tax credit. But any addi- whether or not they can continue to ought to have toward the ethanol pro- tional production would be subject to produce at their capacity, as opposed gram. this confiscatory or destructive pen- to some previous level that was not the This policy was initiated in the alty. capacity of that plant. 1970’s. It was recognized that this coun- The third point that I would like to This, in turn, is going to undermine try ought to be more energy self-suffi- make is that this is a reversal of the the ability of the American economy, cient. One way to achieve that was to principles of the freedom to farm legis- the agricultural economy particularly, produce a fuel that could be used in lation that passed this body in 1996. to make the investment that is so im- motor vehicles from crops that are Not all of us agreed with the 1996 farm portant to ensure that this fuel is grown in this country. That fuel is eth- bill, but I think most of us agreed that available to the American consumer, anol. market principles ought to be the cor- and that rural America can continue to nerstone of the Federal farm program Over the last 25 years, hundreds of participate in the prosperity of this for the next 5 years. Let us try it, let millions of dollars have been invested Nation. us see if it works. Corn has probably in the production of ethanol. At this Finally, I would like to say that this been the crop that has received more point in time, most of the ethanol pro- proposal as it comes out of the Com- assistance over the years than any duced in this country comes from corn, mittee on Ways and Means is an exam- the largest single crop that is grown in other crop. So what are we saying? We ought to ple of creative accounting. Why so? It the United States. In 1997, there has is creative accounting because the been a considered attack against the be trying the market. As farmers, you ought to be in freedom to farm, produc- committee decided that by extending ethanol tax credits that are part of the the ethanol tax credit until the year Internal Revenue Code. ing for the market. The farmers have gone out, they have attempted to help 2007 and then simultaneously repealing This week the Committee on Ways that tax credit back to the year 2000, and Means has passed and forwarded on establish a market. They have been in- novative, they have invested in they can realize approximately $3 bil- to the Committee on the Budget a rec- lion of savings that can be used to fi- onciliation bill that would eliminate consumer-owned cooperatives. Now we are saying to those farmers: Tough; we nance or offset tax cuts. the ethanol tax cut by the year 2000, What they are doing is artificially but more importantly, would substan- fooled you, did we not? Indeed, we ought to recognize the extending a credit that is sunsetting in tially complicate that particular tax freedom to farm principles. We ought the year 2000, and then claiming that credit. I would like to take my remain- to recognize the market principles. We due to the termination of this artificial ing time to briefly speak about some ought to let farmers produce ethanol extension, they have generated $3 bil- aspects of this legislation. from the corn they are growing and lion of savings to the U.S. Treasury. Mr. Speaker, I really think we can market that. Somehow the destruction This is fictitious. This is smoke-and- best characterize it by an allusion to a of this market has to be recognized by mirrors accounting. This is the type of program that talks about stupid pet all as a repudiation of the principles thing we have been decrying as under- tricks. This is really stupid tricks that that we have told these farmers that mining our ability to balance the budg- is being played on the American farmer they ought to follow in the wake of the et. and on the ethanol industry. It is repeal of the traditional Federal farm Mr. Speaker, I submit that what the strangulating ethanol. This is occur- programs. Committee on Ways and Means pro- ring for several reasons and in several The fourth point that I would like to posal has done to the American farmer, ways. make is that this is a breach of faith the American consumer, American in- First of all, I think it is important to with the automobile industry. The dustry and candor in budgeting is trag- note that the legislation coming out of American automobile industry was not ic. the Committee on Ways and Means of initially enthusiastic about alcohol or b 1430 this body is a repudiation of market ethanol. Consumers were wary of the principles. We may ask, why is it a re- product. There were stories about what What we must do in Congress, Mr. pudiation of market principles? This it might do to engines. It turned out Speaker, is forthrightly address this occurs because the legislation states most of them were not accurate, they problem and make sure that this pro- that any ethanol produced in the Unit- were rumors. But nonetheless, these posal from the House Committee on ed States in excess of an artificially stories persisted. Ways and Means moves no further and designated base will be subject to a 51- Over the last few years ethanol has that instead we embrace the proposal cent-a-gallon penalty, a penalty that is gained a foothold. Now we find the that has come from the U.S. Senate not even a business expense that can be Ford Motor Co. has announced that it which recognizes the importance of the recognized in calculating taxable in- is producing Taurus cars and pickups ethanol program. come. As a result, we find that the pro- that will operate on 85 percent ethanol. I thank my colleague from Wisconsin duction of ethanol would essentially be Chrysler Corp. has announced it is for yielding this time to me. frozen at current levels. moving in that direction. In Brazil, Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. Speaker, I yield We also find that it is a repudiation much of the country’s vehicle fleet op- to the other gentleman from Minnesota of market principles, because what is erates on ethanol or alcohol fuels. [Mr. GUTKNECHT] who has an announce- happening is that petroleum-based fuel Now that the automobile industry is ment on this very topic. and additives are not subject to such a making that commitment, we are pull- Mr. GUTKNECHT. Mr. Speaker, I penalty. So as a consequence, rather ing the rug out from underneath the would echo virtually everything that than relying on the market system, we automobile industry. Instead of being my colleague from Minnesota has just simply have an effort by legislative able to expand production, we are forc- said. I would add that we have had fiat to destroy the industry. The mar- ing the curtailment of production. meetings this morning both with the June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4125 Speaker of the House as well as the If we divide the debt by the number and realized how important it was we chairman of the Committee on Ways of people in this country, we would find get to a balanced budget and after and Means, and we have had assurances that every single man, woman, and hearing these promises the first time from both that the ethanol program, as child in the United States of America and seeing the deficit balloon and then we have known it, will survive, at least is responsible for $20,000 of debt. Let hearing the promises the second time through the end of the century. me put that another way. The Federal and seeing the deficit balloon again, I Obviously, we still have our work cut Government has primarily over the realized that we as a nation had to do out for us, to continue to resell the last 15 years spent $20,000 for every something about this. That is what benefits of the program, but I think by man, woman, and child more than what caused me to leave the private sector the time this bill ultimately is settled it has collected in taxes. They have run and to run for this office. on in the House, the ethanol program up $100,000 of debt for a family of five I yield to the gentleman from Min- will be saved. like mine. The real kicker in this thing nesota. I happen to agree. I think ethanol is is the real impact it has on the family. Mr. GUTKNECHT. Mr. Speaker, I a great product. I think it is good for A family of five like mine sends $580 a think there is another point that needs to be made. We are working on a chart the farmer. But more importantly, it is month to Washington, DC to do noth- in my office that demonstrates what a good for our economy, good for our bal- ing but pay the interest on the Federal big part of the problem has been. The ance of trade and, more importantly, I debt. A lot of folks out there are going: history has been for about a 20-year pe- think, perhaps than anything else, it is I do not pay that much in taxes, and riod for every dollar that Congress good for the environment. they feel pretty good. That is not en- would take in, it would spend about I have had assurances from both the tirely true. The fact of the matter is, $1.22. In fact many people made the Speaker and the gentleman from Texas when you walk into a grocery store and point, I think it is a good one, that the [Mr. ARCHER]. I met with him person- you buy a loaf of bread, the store problem was not that the Government ally not more than an hour and a half owner makes a small profit on that was not taking in enough money. In ago. He assured me that by the time loaf of bread. And part of that money fact one farmer in my district said it so this bill ultimately is finalized, that that you paid to the store owner gets well. He said the problem is not that the ethanol program will be protected sent down here to Washington in the we are not sending enough money into as it is today, at least through the end form of taxes because that is part of Washington. The problem is that Wash- of the century. We are making progress his profit margin. The bottom line is ington spends it faster than we can and our voices are being heard. when people add up all of the money send it in. Mr. NEUMANN. That is certainly that they are paying in taxes to the good news for the farmers in the Mid- And that has been the problem, the Federal Government to Washington, a problem has always been on the spend- west, which all of us represent. family of five like mine is in fact pay- With that, we will turn our attention ing side because many of those fixed ing $580 every month to do nothing but programs involve some kind of, quote, to the reason that we are here today, pay the interest on the Federal debt. that is to talk about the budget proc- revenue enhancement or tax increase; It is somewhat a staggering number, and for every dollar that tax revenues ess, the debt, the deficit, where we and in the past Members of this body have been, where we are today, and were supposed to go up, Congress just have talked about fixing this problem. spent another $1.22, $1.23 of that. And where we are going to, and we are They have had all kinds of different going to divide this into three separate that is the history of this place. I think proposals. The most remembered per- we want to talk about what is happen- parts today as we talk about first the haps is what is called the Gramm–Rud- ing now. past, where we have come before, be- man-Hollings. In 1985, we passed a bill Mr. NEUMANN. Before we get there, fore any of us who are here on the floor through this body called the Gramm– I think my colleague has made another right now were here in Congress. But I Rudman-Hollings Act and it promised very important point that needs to be think it is important that we talk the American people that we would brought out here. In both 1990 and espe- about the past and that we take note of have a deficit stream that goes along cially in 1993, we saw the biggest tax how fast and how much of this debt has this blue line and reach a balanced increase in American history. In 1993, accumulated. budget in the year 1991. But in fact people started looking at these deficit I start with the chart that I have what happened is they did not meet the lines and realized we had to do some- here. This chart shows the growth in deficit stream and in fact what hap- thing about the deficit and in clear Federal debt. It can be readily seen pened is the deficit ballooned. Washington-style thinking, they con- that from 1960 to 1980, there was very So they passed a new bill. They cluded what we ought to do is raise little growth in Federal debt. As a mat- called it Gramm–Rudman-Hollings taxes on the American people. They ter of fact, it is almost a flat line. But 1987. And they again promised the said: We have an idea here. To balance from 1980 forward, this thing has grown American people a balanced budget the budget we will reach into the back right off the charts. Before my col- that a deficit stream that would follow pockets of the American people, take leagues react to this, I know 1980 is the this blue line reaching zero this time in more money out and maybe that some- year Ronald Reagan became President 1993. Again, the red line shows the ac- how will help us to balance the budget. and all the Democrats will blame him. tual deficit and they did not meet the This is the past we are talking about. I know 1980 is the year that all the Re- targets. In the past the way to move to a bal- publicans say the Democrats ran This city is the most amazing place anced budget was to raise taxes. In spending out of control and ran the def- in the world. We look back on this fact, that bill passed this body, the icit up. track record where promises were made House of Representatives, in 1993, the The bottom line is today we as a Na- and promises were not kept to the biggest tax increase in history; that tion stand way up here on this deficit American people. And for some reason bill passed this body by one single soli- chart. And the facts are that whether the American people seem a little cyni- tary vote. I think it is important to you are Republican or Democrat, this cal right now about whether or not note it went over to the Senate. Not is a problem that we as a nation must they should believe what they are many Members agreed with it over now address. That is the reason that being told here in Washington. there either. It passed the Senate by many of us, the three of us here on the It does not take me long to figure out one single solitary vote also. So that floor and many of the rest of us, came exactly why the American people are past kind of Washington thinking that to Congress in the first place. The size as cynical as they are. Frankly, it is the right way to go to a balanced budg- of this debt is somewhat staggering. this chart that caused me to leave a et is to raise taxes, to reach into the We currently stand about $5.3 trillion very good business in the private sec- back pockets of the American people. in debt. That is a number too big al- tor and run for Congress in the first That thinking is not here anymore but most for anyone to comprehend. I used place with no prior involvement in pol- it was sure prevalent in 1993 before we to teach math. Let me put this in per- itics in any way, shape or form. got here. spective the way we used to in the I am a homebuilder by trade. But In 1994, pretty amazing thing hap- math classroom. when I heard these promises out here pened. For the first time in 40 years, H4126 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 the Republicans were elected to control in our Federal debt, we will eventually those duplicative programs, that we the House of Representatives. First get a lower interest level and that will are trying to streamline Government time in 40 years. And I do not like this mean more money available to build and as a result there is more con- to be partisan at all but it was a very highways or provide for national de- fidence. significant change in control of what fense or provide health care dollars or They see the deficit coming down be- was going on out here. A whole new nutrition programs, the things that cause revenues to the Federal Govern- philosophy came in with the Repub- traditional people think that ought to ment are going up. I hate to steal your licans. We brought with us a theoreti- be done by our Federal Government. numbers here but I love this number so cal model. I want to lay that model out So we have this very strong econ- much. If we compare what happened in as we talk about the present, as we omy, and it is based on the perception the past when Congress would take in a talk about where we are at today and that we will get to a balanced budget. dollar, it would spend $1.22. But I think what is happening in 1995, 1996, 1997. We There is finally hope out there that we the numbers that we have come up brought with us this theoretical model are going to control the spending at with about what has happened over the and it worked like this. We do not want the Federal level and that we are going last 2 years when we passed our budget to raise taxes on the American people. to allow people to have more control of resolution in 1995, this Congress, this Instead what we are going to do is cur- their own money. People do two things House said that in fiscal year 1997, we tail the growth of spending in Washing- when they are more in control of their were going to spend $1,624 billion on ton, DC. We are going to keep this Gov- own money. They either spend it or Government programs. That is still a ernment from growing rapidly, instead save it, and both things are good for lot of money. But what has really hap- we are going to curtail that growth. the company. If they save it, that pened is because of the fiscal dis- And if we could curtail the growth of makes more capital available. That cipline, because the demands for wel- spending in Washington, that would capital is then invested in innovative fare and so forth are less, we are actu- mean the deficits would be lower and ideas which become in reality new jobs, ally only going to spend in fiscal year the Government would borrow less and they provide more goods, or people 1997, $1,622 billion. money out of the private sector. When spend the money. This Congress is actually going to the Government borrowed less money If they spend the money, then that is spend less money in this fiscal year out of the private sector, that of course also good because they create jobs to than we said we were going to spend left more money out there in the pri- make the goods. And my colleague just 2 years ago. That is good news. But vate sector. More money available led pointed out earlier that they want to the news gets even better when we to lower interest rates. Lower interest buy for themselves or their children or apply what is happening on the revenue rates of course meant people could af- their home or an automobile. So in to- side. Because of the growing economy, ford to buy houses and cars, the Amer- day’s economy, we have a very strong because we have offered more oppor- ican dream. They could afford to do sense of hope, and people are having tunity to more people, we have actu- these things and, very important, when faith that we are going to continue to ally taken in over $100 billion more people bought more houses and cars, have a strong growth in our economy; than we expected. somebody had to go to work building and it is, I believe, based on the percep- those houses and cars. tion that we will control Federal b 1445 And the theory went like this. When spending and balance our budget and they went to work they would leave eliminate the Federal debt. That is incredibly good news. I guess the welfare role, reducing the cost to Mr. NEUMANN. I think it is impor- good news does not always make the the Federal Government for welfare tant again, we have moved into the national news, but hopefully the Amer- and they would get into a job paying present and what is happening and how ican people, without this being a major taxes. So the theory was curtail the is it different than the past. The headline story, are beginning to figure growth of Government spending, Wash- Gramm–Rudman-Hollings chart shows out that this Congress is actually ington would spend less and therefore when the targets were not met. We doing what it said it was going to do: It borrow less out of the private sector. have moved into the new theoretical is limiting the growth of Federal Borrowing less out of the private sec- model that we need to control the spending, it is allowing taxpayers to tor would leave more money available growth of Government spending. Have keep more of their own money. We there. More money available would either one of my colleagues heard have a stronger economy, and we are keep the interest rates down. Lower in- about cuts in Government spending? going to apply these additional reve- terests rates meant people would buy Mr. GUTKNECHT. Mr. Speaker, we nues, rather than to new Federal pro- more houses and cars, and when they heard a lot about it in the last cam- grams that waste so much, we are bought more houses and cars that paign about these draconian cuts. The going to give a big chunk of that back meant people would have to go to work truth of matter is, we have made some to the American people and apply some building them. More jobs meant people reductions. We eliminated 279 programs of it to the debt. left the welfare roll and went into the here. We replaced the welfare state Mr. NEUMANN. If the gentleman will work force and this whole picture with the opportunity society. We have allow me to reclaim my time, I cannot should work without raising taxes on had serious, real welfare reform. There help but think that, first off, we are all the American people. That brings us to have been some serious changes but here yet because we are waiting for a the present. What has happened? there have not been the draconian cuts Committee on the Budget meeting to Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman that some of our colleagues on the left actually carry this to the next step, from Kansas [Mr. TIAHRT]. have said. and I will not see my wife Sue until Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Speaker, in the Some of the Members who ultimately later. present we are enjoying one of the believe that Washington knows best, The first time I called my wife and strongest economies we have had for a their end of that debate is losing. The said I just looked at the 1995 projec- long time. Our gross domestic product American people no longer believe tions, and for 1997 they said we should is up. Unemployment is at an all-time that. They believe that the decisions spend $1,624 billion and we actually low in Wichita, KS, it is approximately are best left to families and to commu- spent $2 billion less than that. Then I 3 percent. We have the stock market nities and to States, and that is what looked at the other side and we had re- setting new goals every week. And a we are trying to do, is to send more of ceived $100 billion more in revenue, and lot of our economy is based on a per- the authority, the responsibility and this means we received this extra reve- ception. Right now the perception is the resources back so they will have nue and did not spend it, we applied it that we are going to do something more accountability for that money. to the deficit. She said I should check about the Federal debt. And as a result we have a stronger the numbers, that somebody was lying We are going to do something about economy. There is more consumer con- to me out here. the $355 billion that we will spend this fidence. They understand that Wash- I have to accept that as kind of the year just to pay the interest on the ington is limiting the growth of enti- reaction of the American people. The Federal debt. By stopping the growth tlements, that we are cutting some of American people do not understand June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4127 that we did lay out this track record in able in the private sector, leading to budget. We are in the third year of this 1995 when we came here. They are so lower interest rates, so people buy plan to balance the budget. We are used to the Gramm–Rudman-Hollings more houses, and cars and other people ahead of schedule, and we are doing it thing, where they never met their tar- go to work building them and start while we are fulfilling the rest of our gets and never did what they said, that paying taxes instead of drawing wel- promises to the American people, and they failed to recognize that we have in fare, that is reflected in this chart. The that is the tax reductions as promised. fact curtailed the growth of govern- fact they have left the welfare rolls I would be happy to yield to my good ment spending. means lower costs, and the fact they friend from Kansas. I have a chart that shows what is ac- are in a job paying taxes means more Mr. TIAHRT. In January of 1995, tually happening, and all of this talk revenue. That is why we are not only when the three of us were sworn in in about the cuts and the government on track but ahead of schedule. the 104th Congress, the projected budg- spending as being draconian cuts, the We are in the third year of our 7-year et that we were looking at from the ad- reality of the picture is this. Before we promise to the American people. We ministration said we would have a $200 came here government spending was are on track and ahead of schedule in billion deficit in fiscal year 1996. And it growing each year by 5.2 percent. That each of those 3 years. My prediction is pretty much continued all the way out is this red column. That is the last 7 this: We will not only reach our 7-year to 2002 as a deficit of $200 billion per years before we got here. In the first 7 goal of balancing the budget, but the year every year. years after we got here, it has only budget will, in fact, be balanced by the We then came forward, and all of us grown by 3.2 percent. year 2000. We will run our first surplus supported this plan, which is indicated Is it still growing? Yes. Would some since 1969 in the year 2000. by the red columns in the chart the of us like to see a zero in this column? I just want to add one more thing to gentleman has shown us, and said that Yes. But the reality is, what we have this that I think is real important. We we would get to a balanced budget by done has slowed the growth of govern- are doing this, we are laying down this 2002. I think that was made with a rea- ment by about 40 percent. Folks, that track record of staying ahead of sched- sonable set of judgments that could be is our first 2 years here. We have ule, and at the same time turning to called conservative, and, apparently, slowed the growth of government the American people and saying that we have gone even beyond those expec- spending by about 40 percent. they are sending too much of their tations. If anyone is interested in inflation- hard-earned money to Washington, to The very first year of the plan we adjusted dollars, it was going up by keep some more of it themselves. were ahead of schedule by $50 billion, I about 1.8 percent before we got here. It The tax cuts we are implementing, believe the gentleman told us; by the has now gone up by about .6 percent. the reason we are still here is to get second year of the plan, we were ahead Again, would I prefer to see that as these to the next level so they are ac- by over $100 billion of what we had pro- zero out there, that there is no real tually implemented into law. A family jected; and now, as we approach the growth in government spending? Yes. with children gets to keep $500 more a next 5 years of the plan, starting with But do I think we should recognize the year of their own money. It is not a fiscal year 1998, the gentleman is mak- very significant progress that has been gift from Washington. This is the tax- ing the prediction that we will be made, the fact we have reduced the real payers’ hard-earned dollars that stay ahead of schedule, of our new updated growth of government spending by two- in their house, to maybe buy a nicer projections, and even get to a balanced thirds in 2 short years? I think that house or maybe use it for education for budget by the year 2000. So we have 3 should be recognized. their children. It is their money. They more years. I think the American people should should spend it. Based on the judgment or the past be cheering, because here is what that So tax cuts are being implemented at experience in fiscal year 1996 and 1997, has led to. Again, I cannot emphasize the same time we move along this where we were $50 billion ahead of enough, as I show this next chart, keep track to a balanced budget, and in fact schedule and then $100 billion ahead of in mind the Gramm–Rudman-Hollings we are going to balance the budget by schedule, it looks very likely that we promises that were never met. This the year 2000 and provide additional will get to a balanced budget by the chart shows what we promised in 1995 tax cuts to the American people, $500 year 2000 instead of waiting until 2002. for a deficit stream. In 1995 we made a per child. If someone plans to die and Mr. GUTKNECHT. If the gentleman projection for 1996. We made a promise, pass their estate on to their children or will yield, I think it is interesting to just like they did in Gramm–Rudman- the next generation, that is a tax that see how much the rhetoric around this Hollings. This red column shows what will be lowered. Capital gains is low- building has changed since we first we promised. The blue column shows ered. If folks have college students out came here. If my colleagues will recall, the actual deficit. Again, I emphasize, there, they are going to get to keep an when we first started talking about we not only met our target but we were extra $1,500 of their own money if they balancing the budget in 7 years, there ahead of schedule by almost $50 billion. are paying college tuition for one of were a lot of people that said we could So we go into year 2 of our plan, and their children. not balance the budget in 7 years; that year 2 of our plan is 1997. Fiscal year That is not a bad tax cut package. I it will take at least 8 years, maybe 9, 1997 is virtually over. We said that the assure my colleagues of this. In this maybe 10. deficit stream, in order to reach a bal- town they are having all kinds of fights In fact some of us recall seeing the anced budget by 2002, had to be less about this, saying the American people President on several different occa- than 174, again, this red column. The really do not want tax cuts. When I go sions say, well, maybe we could do it in blue column shows actual. We are not to church on Sunday and I see my 9, maybe we could do it in 10. And then only on track in year 2, but we are friends with kids and they are sitting there were an awful lot of people here ahead of schedule. there in the pews, I know good and well in the body who said, well, maybe we This is why we are still out here on these families that are earning between can balance the budget, we might be Friday afternoon. We are about to put 30, 40 and $50,000 a year, that they are able to do it in 7 years, but we cannot this plan into place. The third year of going to get to keep an extra $500 per do it and provide tax relief for Amer- our 7-year plan to balance the budget, child. In a family with three kids, they ican families. That just cannot be the red column again shows what was keep $1,500 a year. done. promised to the American people. I If someone is earning $40,000 a year, I think we are demonstrating not would emphasize that we are once getting up, going to work everyday, only can we balance the budget in less again on schedule, not only on track and maybe both spouses are working in than 7 years, as we first stated, but we but ahead of schedule with this deficit the house, $1,500 a year cash in their can do it while we provide tax relief for stream. pocket is a lot of money, and the peo- American families. I will make a projection right here ple in this country understand what we I want to point out one other argu- and now today. This theoretical model are doing here. ment we have had here in Congress of curtailing the growth of government We are on track, we are ahead of over the last several years, and that is spending, to leave more capital avail- schedule, we are going to balance the about saving and securing Medicare, H4128 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 not only for our parents but hopefully kept. We had Gramm–Rudman-Hol- ter education for their kids. So the into the next generation. All of us are lings. They never hit their targets. We first part of this bill, what happens is baby boomers, and we want to make had all sorts of promises out there. The they keep more of their money in their certain our fellow baby boomers are past was that we had to reach into the own home, to spend it as they see fit, not left out completely in the cold as it pockets of the American people and as opposed to sending it down here to relates to Medicare. take more money to get to a balanced Washington. But the debate last year was that we budget. That is the past. So the bill creates a surplus. The could not offer seniors the kinds of The present is we lay down a track first third of that surplus goes to addi- choices that Members of Congress get record of actually meeting our targets, tional tax relief. The other two-thirds as it relates to Medicare, and save the staying ahead of schedule and keeping goes to paying down that $5.3 trillion system and do all these other things. our commitment to lower taxes on the debt, so that we in our generation live My colleagues will remember some of American people. And how do we do up to our responsibility, so we can pass the ads run against people like my col- that? We curtail the growth of Govern- this Nation on to our children debt leagues and I. I think all three of us ment spending. That is the present. free. were the recipients of some of the ad- That is what is actually happening Under this plan, by the year 2026 the vertising and all the negative nay say- today, and in fact we are going to debt would be repaid in its entirety. ing about what we were doing to Medi- reach a balanced budget by at least the Just think about this. We, in our gen- care. year 2002 and probably sooner. eration, before I leave the work force, But it is interesting that the Medi- So I think it is time to start think- can literally pay off the entire Federal care plan that we are going to vote on ing about the future, because even if debt and pass this Nation on to our in the Committee on the Budget, hope- we reach a balanced budget, we still children debt free. fully in a few minutes, is essentially have a $5.3 trillion debt hanging over What does that actually mean? A the same in both policy and in price our heads. It is not right that our gen- couple of things. First off, we talked tag that, A, was vetoed just a year and eration has borrowed $5 trillion, has before about a family of 5 sending $500, a half ago but, more importantly, was spent $5 trillion and is now willing to $600 a month down to Washington to do demagogued in the last election. pass that debt on to the next genera- nothing but pay the interest on the So it is really interesting for me to tion. So I think it is time we start Federal debt. If we had the Federal see how much the debate has changed thinking about what we might do debt paid off, there would be no reason from, A, we cannot balance the budget; about that. for the families to send $600 a month to B, we cannot balance in 7 years; C, we Shortly I will be introducing a bill Washington to pay that interest, so cannot balance it and give tax relief; called the National Debt Repayment they could keep that money in their and, D, we certainly cannot save Medi- Act, and there are two real parts to the own home. care along the way. Well, the beauty of National Debt Repayment Act. The Just think about $600 a month. Of all of that is, as we begin to work on first part does this: It says once we course, that would be adjusted for in- this reconciliation package and this reach a balanced budget, we will then flation, but $600 a month in the home budget agreement between the White cap the growth of Government spend- to do what the families see fit with. House and the Congress and the Repub- ing at a rate 1 percent below the rate of Whether that is better education or a licans and the Democrats, the interest- revenue growth. Once we reach a bal- better home or a new car or whatever ing thing is that virtually everything anced budget, we then cap the growth that is, that stays out there for them we talked about 2 years ago is now of government spending 1 percent to make the decision on how they coming to fruition. We are balancing below the rate of revenue growth. That spend their money, instead of sending the budget, we are saving Medicare creates a surplus. it here to Washington for us to make and, more importantly, we are going to Now, in fact, and I brought this other the decision of how we are going to start to lay the groundwork of actually chart with me, revenue for the last 3 spend it. paying off the debt. years has been growing by over 7 per- b 1500 If I can say one more point, because cent. So for those afraid of this, that I have to leave, I know there were an somehow that will curtail Government So the first ramification of paying off awful lot of children here and there spending too much, that will not hap- the debt is there is no need for families were some on the floor earlier. Some- pen. For the last 5 years, the average to send $600 a month to Washington to times we forget. We start talking about growth has been 7 percent. For the last pay the interest. But there is another numbers and balancing the budget, and 10 years it has been 6.2 percent. For the ramification that is very, very impor- 2.3 and 3.8, and $1624 billion, and all last 17 years it has been 6.8. tant for our senior citizens. these big numbers. We lose track of So all we are really saying in the Social Security today collects more what this debate really is about, and first part of this bill is that we are money than it pays back out to our what the debate really is all about is going to look at the growth of revenue seniors in benefits. That extra money preserving the American dream for our and we are going to cap the growth of is supposed to be sitting in a savings kids. Government spending at least 1 percent account out here. Well, there is no sav- Because what was happening in Con- below that number. ings account. There is only IOU’s in gress for so many years is that we were Here is what happens: If we cap the that savings account, and it is all part mortgaging their future so that we growth of Government spending 1 per- of that $5.3 trillion debt. could have more and more Washington cent below the rate of revenue growth, It follows that if we are going to spending. And the American people in we create a surplus. That brings us to repay the Federal debt, we will be put- 1994 said enough is enough, because the second part of the National Debt ting the money back into the Social they understand who can spend the Repayment Act. Security trust fund that has been con- money better. We take that surplus and we dedicate fiscated by the people in this commu- So we are making tremendous two-thirds to repaying the debt and nity over the last 15 to 20 years. progress. We are keeping our promise. one-third toward additional tax cuts So think about this. By simply cap- We are going to balance the budget no for the American people. So two-thirds ping the growth of Government spend- later than 2002. We will provide honest to debt repayment; one-third to addi- ing 1 percent below the rate of revenue tax relief. And I think in terms of sen- tional tax cuts. growth, we literally pay off the entire iors and baby boomers, the other good Now, there are some important Federal debt, our children receive this news is, we are going to save and se- things that start developing. The first Nation debt free, they have no reason cure Medicare. one is obvious. When we devote part of to send $500 a month down here to Mr. NEUMANN. If the gentleman will the surplus to additional tax cuts, the Washington to pay interest on the Fed- allow me to reclaim my time, I think it American people can start thinking of eral debt; and the good news for seniors is real important now we move to the keeping even more of their own money is that the Social Security trust fund future and talk about the future. The in their house and in their home, to that is supposed to have a savings ac- past is the promises that were not provide a better house or maybe a bet- count with real money in it, we will be June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4129 putting the real money back into the very conservative view, we could get to ary 1, 2000, the American people will Social Security trust fund so Social this surplus by as early as 2000. And get up and we will be talking about Security would once again be solvent then at 2000, we start into the National what we are doing with the surplus. for the future of our senior citizens in Debt Repayment Act, which then takes Mr. TIAHRT. If the gentleman would this great country. a third for tax relief for working Amer- yield, when I think about how this is in Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Speaker, if the gen- icans. relationship to the people in Wichita, tleman would yield, if we go back to And again, that is a good thing, be- KS, which is a big part of my congres- what we are currently paying this year cause people do two things with their sional district, I think about a young on interest on the Federal debt, it is money once they have tax relief. They woman that I met who works second about $355 billion. That is our gross either save it, which is more capital shift at the Raytheon Plant. She has payments. It is not the net payment. and, therefore, more jobs that are cre- three children, and she is a single But if we were to eliminate this debt ated, or they spend it; and when they mom. When I asked her, ‘‘What is the and gradually pay it off, that means spend it, that stimulates our economy most important thing that the Federal that our interest payments would actu- and, once again, creates more jobs. Government could do for you?″ she ally become less and less and less. So So we have one-third going to tax re- said, ‘‘If you could give me some tax right now it consumes about 20 percent lief and then two-thirds goes to repay relief so I could take care of my three of the Federal budget; is that not cor- the debt. And that kind of gains mo- kids, I would be very happy.’’ rect? mentum. As we pay off the debt, the in- At that time, we were talking about Mr. NEUMANN. If the gentleman terest goes down and we have more a lot of other issues, raising the mini- would yield, about 17. money available. So it is a very con- mum wage; we were talking about Mr. TIAHRT. About 17 percent of the servative plan. Historically, it looks whether we should work on some other Federal budget. Well, as that becomes like it very well could work, barring social programs, how we could save less and less, it will make more money any unforeseen circumstances. Medicare, et cetera. But the most im- available to pay off more of the Fed- Mr. NEUMANN. If the gentleman portant thing to her was that she could eral debt. So it kind of gains momen- would yield, that is really what this take care of her family. And I think tum as we go on. As we pay off a por- chart shows. It shows the growth of most Americans are that way, they tion of the debt, we pay less in interest revenue to the Federal Government. It would like to be able to financially payments. That makes more money has been 7.3 percent the last 3 years, 7.3 take care of their family. available to pay off other parts of the over 5 years, 6.2 over 10, 6.8. Those are Under the plan that we have put in debt and releases some of the burden all numbers. place, we can achieve the goals that that is on our children and on our- But what is significant is to note the this country thinks is very important, selves who are paying those additional difference in those numbers versus balancing the Federal budget, paying taxes. So it is a pretty good plan. We what is actually in our budget agree- off the debt we have, and giving more are going to limit the growth of Gov- ment. We are only projecting growth at money to working Americans so they ernment and allow extra revenue, sur- 4 percent. Our budget agreement is can take care of their families and plus revenue that will be used to pay very, very conservative when compared take care of themselves. off the mortgage that this company to his historical perspective. In fact, if This plan we have on the National has already taken. it grows at 6 percent, still slower than Debt Repayment Act achieves those Mr. NEUMANN. If the gentleman what we see up here, but if it were to goals that we have in common here in would yield, he might be interested to grow at 6 percent, we would in fact America. It reduces the debt and it know my background as a home build- have a balanced budget by the year 2000 gives tax relief and restores integrity er. And this not a whole lot different and run our first surplus. than what folks did when they came to very important funds that we have Just think what a wonderful situa- now, the trust fund for transportation into our office and bought a home from tion. Just think, as we get to the turn us, they put it on a 30-year mortgage and social security, very important is- of the century, instead of being bur- sues. So as we move forward into the and paid the home off. dened with the $300 billion deficit we So this idea conceptually of paying next few years, it is very exciting to were looking at when we came here 2 down the Federal debt over a period of see our economy doing well, that our short years ago, if instead of that, this time, it is not a lot different what plans are starting to take shape, that every American family goes through working model of controlling the there is promise and hope for the fu- when they go out and buy the Amer- growth of Government spending, not ture. ican dream or home. This is not a far- the old model of reaching into the back I think this is a wonderful time to be fetched idea that cannot happen. In pockets of the American people back in in Congress and to be in America be- fact, we have reached a point in this 1993, with the biggest tax increase in cause we see this plan coming into Nation where it can happen and should history, the new model of controlling shape. It provides hope, does it not? happen. the growth of Washington spending, Mr. NEUMANN. If the gentleman All we have to do is pass what is that model is working so well that we would yield, it surely does. I think as called the National Debt Repayment reach a balanced budget at the turn of we near the end of our hour here, I Act. We are hoping that that actually the century and we get up on January think it is important that we wrap this gets added into the reconciliation bill 1, 2000, realizing that our Government up. next week. We are hoping that this por- has changed completely from where it We now have been talking about the tion of the reconciliation bill will be was in 1994 and 1993 and back in this future. This is not just a series of put in so we actually get on this path new model of controlled Government promises being made by people here in to repay the Federal debt, thereby spending, as opposed to runaway Gov- Washington. I think it is very impor- passing the Nation on to our children ernment spending, the new model of tant that we remember that, in the debt free and ensuring that Social Se- leaving more money in the pockets of present, we are in the third year of our curity is solvent again. the people instead of reaching into plan to balance the Federal budget. Mr. TIAHRT. If the gentleman would their back pocket and getting more The first year, the red was promised, yield, I am also an original cosponsor money out for Washington, that new the blue was achieved; we were ahead of this legislation. But I want to go model where we control Government of schedule. The second year, the red back to some things he said here, be- spending instead of raising taxes, that was promised, the blue was achieved; cause now the projections that we are in the year 2000, on January 1, we get we are ahead of schedule. making for the future are based on rev- up in the morning and we realize that I am about to head over to join some- enue growth of about 4 percent in- it actually has happened. It is going to body who I think is an American hero, crease each year. And yet our history be a startling day for America, because and that is the gentleman from Ohio over the last decade and a half has been they are going to get up and they are [Mr. KASICH], the chairman of the Com- at about 6.8, 6.5, over 6 percent. going to see this come to reality. mittee on the Budget. He is right now So if it does grow at 6 percent, which These projections are very, very con- crafting this third-year plan, and we is a very reasonable thought pattern, a servative. And I fully expect on Janu- are about to go and pass it, I hope this H4130 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 afternoon. But in the third year, we are And those people are leaving the wel- Mrs. CLAYTON (at the request of Mr. not only on track, but again we are fare roles, getting jobs and paying GEPHARDT), for today, on account of a ahead of schedule. I think it is very im- taxes. And that is this working model death in the family. portant. that is making this whole thing hap- Mr. STARK (at the request of Mr. GEP- We just dedicated about 10 minutes pen. HARDT), for today, on account of illness here to the future and the National That is the present. The present is in the family. Debt Repayment Act. This is not just a not the old ways of the past, reaching Mr. UNDERWOOD (at the request of series of empty promises like back in into the pockets of American people. It Mr. GEPHARDT), for today, on account the past with Gramm–Rudman-Hol- is this new model of curtailing the of official business. lings, and it is not a series of promises growth of Government spending. This Mr. YATES (at the request of Mr. GEP- based on the past model of how much new model has us not only on track of HARDT), for today, on account of per- more money can we confiscate from fulfilling our commitments, but ahead sonal reasons. the American people. These are discus- of schedule. It has got us providing the Mr. BLILEY (at the request of Mr. sions being held, based on a 3-year tax relief to American families that ARMEY), for today, on account of per- track record that have us not only on had been promised 2 years ago. It is sonal reasons. track but ahead of schedule from what here and now and it is the present. It is Mr. GOSS (at the request of Mr. GEP- was promised. not an empty set of promises, but it is HARDT), for today, on account of at- I think it is very, very important as actually happening now, as we speak. tending his daughter’s wedding. The future holds an even brighter we near the end of our hour here that f we go back to the past, we cover the picture for our children and for future present, and we look to the future generations of Americans. The future SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED again and make sure we remember holds us continuing down this path, passing a bill called the National Debt By unanimous consent, permission to what that means. I cannot help, as we address the House, following the legis- near the end here, thinking about our Repayment Act where we generate a surplus and that surplus is used one- lative program and any special orders families back in Janesville, WI, and heretofore entered, was granted to: thinking about our friends in church third for additional tax reduction and two-thirds to pay down the debt. Under (The following Members (at the re- with three kids, one headed off to col- quest of Mr. GUTKNECHT) to revise and lege, and they look at the package that this plan, by the year 2025, this is our future, before I leave the work force, extend their remarks and include ex- is now on the table, it is not fiction, it traneous material: is here and now, that they are going to before I retire, good Lord willing, we will have paid off the debt in its en- Mr. DREIER, for 5 minutes, today. get that $1,500 help to send that stu- Mr. KOLBE, for 5 minutes, on June 23. dent to college. They get to keep $1,500 tirety so we can pass this Nation on to more, instead of sending it out here to our children debt free. f That means no interest payments out Washington. And the two kids they here to Washington. That means the EXTENSION OF REMARKS still have in their house back in Janes- Social Security system is revived and By unanimous consent, permission to ville, WI, they get $1,000 for them, $500 restored so our seniors can count on revise and extend remarks was granted for each one of those kids. This is not the past, it is the present, getting the money that has been prom- to: and it is happening here and now. We ised. That is what this is all about, and (The following Members (at the re- are on track to balancing the budget that is my dream for the future of this quest of Mr. SANDLIN) and to include country. and reducing the taxes. extraneous matter:) Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Speaker, in conclu- The first time I ever saw this really Mr. SKELTON. sion, when Thomas Jefferson sent work, I was a little cynical of can we Mr. DOYLE. Merriwether Lewis and William Clark actually reduce taxes and balance the Mr. KILDEE. off to the great Northwest, he had a budget. But Tommy Thompson did it Mr. KUCINICH. great deal of hope for the future of this out in the great State of Wisconsin. If Mr. DEUTSCH. country. He saw it growing and pros- he can do it out there, this is just kind Ms. HARMAN. pering. of a Wisconsin carry-through out here Mr. STARK. Now, as we stand here in 1997, on the Mr. WEXLER. in Washington, DC. brink of a strong economy, we look for- The past is a series of promises that (The following Members (at the re- ward and we have a great deal of hope, quest of Mr. GUTKNECHT) and to include were broken, made by people here in a hope of balancing the Federal Gov- Washington. The past and those broken extraneous matter:) ernment, of controlling Federal spend- Mr. FORBES. promises motivated people like us to ing, of giving a great deal of hope for leave the private sector and come out Mr. HILL. the future for our country. Mr. GILMAN. here and serve in this Government to I want to thank the gentleman from Mr. GINGRICH. change it. The past and those broken Wisconsin [Mr. NEUMANN] for coming Mr. WOLF. promises of Gramm–Rudman-Hollings, down here and showing us in very clear Mr. MCDADE. where they promised to balance the terms where we came from in the past Mr. BOB SCHAFFER of Colorado. budget and never did it. The past, 1993, as far as Federal Government spending, (The following Members (at the re- the biggest tax increase in history, how where we are today, and what we are quest of Mr. TIAHRT) and to include ex- much more money can we get out of looking for in the future, which I be- traneous matter:) the pockets of the American people to lieve is very optimistic. Again, it is a Mr. UPTON. say that we are making progress to- picture of hope, the same type of hope Mr. GILLMOR. wards balancing the budget? That is that Thomas Jefferson saw when he Mr. MORAN of Kansas. the past. looked toward the West back in the The present is our now-working early 1800’s, and it is the same type of Mr. HALL of Texas. model of controlling the growth of hope, I think, as we look at the new Mr. PACKARD. Government spending, because we century. We should have hope for a Mrs. FOWLER. know when the Government spends strong economy, of a way of paying off Ms. DELAURO. ´ less, it leaves more money available in the debt so our children have a strong Ms. VELAZQUEZ. the private sector. More money in the future, strong economy, with plenty of Mr. CRANE. private sector keeps the interest rates opportunity and a way that they can f down. And this means something in see that they can grow. ENROLLED BILL SIGNED Janesville, WI. This means lower inter- f est rates so people can afford to buy Mr. THOMAS, from the Committee more houses. And when they buy more LEAVE OF ABSENCE on House Oversight, reported that that houses and cars, somebody has to go to By unanimous consent, leave of ab- committee had examined and found work building those houses and cars. sence was granted to: truly enrolled a bill of the House of the June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4131 following title, which was thereupon attainment Area, Maintenance Plan and Mo- pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- signed by the Speaker: bile Emissions Budget [VA–066–5024 and VA– mittee on the Judiciary. 068–5024; FRL–5846–7] received June 20, 1997, 3898. A letter from the Secretary of Health H.R. 956. An act to amend the National pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- and Human Services, transmitting a draft of Narcotics Leadership Act of 1988 to establish mittee on Commerce. proposed legislation to amend the Immigra- a program to support and encourage local 3888. A letter from the Director, Office of tion and Nationality Act to authorize appro- communities that first demonstrate a com- Regulatory Management and Information, priations for refugee and entrant assistance prehensive, long-term commitment to reduce Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- for fiscal years 1998, 1999, and 2000, pursuant substance abuse among youth, and for other ting the Agency’s final rule—Approval and to 31 U.S.C. 1110; to the Committee on the purposes. Promulgation of Air Quality Implementa- Judiciary. f tion Plans; Virginia; 15% Rate of Progress 3899. A letter from the Director of Publica- Plan for the Northern Virginia Portion of tions, The American Council of Learned So- ADJOURNMENT the Metropolitan Washington D.C. Area cieties, transmitting the Council’s Annual Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Speaker, I move [VA045–5022; FRL–5846–8] received June 20, Report for the year 1995–1996, pursuant to 36 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the U.S.C. 1101(56) and 1103; to the Committee on that the House do now adjourn. the Judiciary. Committee on Commerce. The motion was agreed to; accord- 3900. A letter from the the Assistant Sec- 3889. A letter from the Assistant Secretary ingly (at 3 o’clock and 15 minutes retary of the Army (Civil Works), the De- for Legislative Affairs, Department of State, partment of the Army, transmitting a letter p.m.), the House adjourned until to- transmitting notification of a proposed man- from the Chief of Engineers, Department of morrow, Saturday, June 21, 1997, at 9 ufacturing license agreement for production a.m. the Army, dated September 27, 1996, submit- of major military equipment with the United ting a report on Cook Inlet, Alaska, together f Kingdom (Transmittal No. DTC–56–97), pur- with accompanying papers and illustrations, suant to 22 U.S.C. 2776(d); to the Committee pursuant to Public Law 104—303, section EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, on International Relations. 101(b)(2) (110 Stat. 3666—3667); (H. Doc. No. ETC. 3890. A letter from the Assistant Secretary 105—99); to the Committee on Transportation for Legislative Affairs, Department of State, and Infrastructure and ordered to be printed. Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, execu- transmitting certification of a proposed li- tive communications were taken from 3901. A letter from the Secretary of Veter- cense for the export of defense articles or de- ans Affairs, transmitting a draft of proposed the Speaker’s table and referred as fol- fense services sold commercially to the Unit- legislation to amend title 38, United States lows: ed Kingdom (Transmittal No. DTC–76–97), Code, to establish a presumption of total dis- pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2776(c); to the Commit- 3880. A letter from the Administrator, ability for certain individuals for purpose of tee on International Relations. Rural Utilities Service, transmitting the nonservice-connected disability pension; to 3891. A letter from the Assistant Secretary Service’s final rule—Distance Learning and the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs. for Legislative Affairs, Department of State, 3902. A letter from the Attorney-Advisor, Telemedicine Loan and Grant Program (RIN: transmitting certification of a proposed li- Financial Management Service, transmit- 0572–AB31) June 16, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. cense for the export of defense articles or de- ting the Service’s final rule—Offset of Tax 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- fense services sold commercially to Saudi Refund Payments to Collect Past-due, Le- culture. Arabia (Transmittal No. DTC–6–97), pursuant gally Enforceable Nontax Debt (RIN: 1510– 3881. A letter from the Administrator, to 22 U.S.C. 2776(c); to the Committee on AA62) received June 16, 1997, pursuant to 5 Rural Utilities Service, transmitting the International Relations. U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Service’s final rule—Streamlining the Rural 3892. A letter from the Executive Director, Ways and Means. Utilities Service Water and Waste Program District of Columbia Financial Responsibil- 3903. A letter from the Chief, Regulations Regulations (RIN: 0572–AB20) received June ity and Management Assistance Authority, Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting 17, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to transmitting the Authority’s Resolution dis- the Service’s final rule—Tax forms and in- the Committee on Agriculture. approving the Council’s revised financial structions [Rev. Proc. 97–31] received June 3882. A letter from the Assistant Secretary plan and budget in D.C. Act 12–94, ‘‘Revised 18, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to for Environmental Management, Depart- D.C. Act 12–76, Fiscal Year 1998 Budget Re- the Committee on Ways and Means. ment of Energy, transmitting the annual re- quest Act of 1997,’’ and the Authority’s rec- 3904. A letter from the Director, Office of port on research and technology develop- ommended financial plan and budget for fis- Administration and Management, Depart- ment activities supporting defense waste cal year 1998; to the Committee on Govern- ment of Defense, transmitting the annual re- management and environmental restoration, ment Reform and Oversight. port of cross-servicing and acquisition ac- pursuant to Public Law 101—189, section 3893. A letter from the Director, Office of tions undertaken pursuant to Acquisition 3141(c)(1), (2) (103 Stat. 1680); to the Commit- Government Ethics, transmitting the Of- and Cross-Servicing Agreements with coun- tee on National Security. fice’s final rule—Executive Branch Financial tries that are not part of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) or its subsidi- 3883. A letter from the General Counsel, Disclosure, Qualified Trusts, and Certificates ary bodies, pursuant to 10 U.S.C. 2349; jointly Department of Defense, transmitting drafts of Divestiture (RIN: 3209–AA00) received to the Committees on National Security and of eight proposed items of legislation that June 18, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. International Relations. address various management concerns of the 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Govern- Department of Defense; to the Committee on 3905. A letter from the Administrator, Na- ment Reform and Oversight. tional Highway Traffic Safety Administra- National Security. 3894. A letter from the Secretary of the 3884. A letter from the Secretary of De- tion, transmitting the Administration’s Re- Treasury, transmitting the semiannual re- port on Establishing a Federal Motor Vehicle fense, transmitting the Department’s report port on activities of the Inspector General on the impact of limiting the service area of Safety Standard for Frontal Offset Crash for the period October 1, 1996, through March Testing; jointly to the Committees on Com- a facility designated as a Specialized Treat- 1, 1997, and the Secretary’s semiannual re- merce, Transportation and Infrastructure, ment Services (STS) to not more than 100 port for the same period, pursuant to 5 and Appropriations. miles from the facility; to the Committee on U.S.C. app. (Insp. Gen. Act) section 5(b); to f National Security. the Committee on Government Reform and 3885. A letter from the Secretary of En- Oversight. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES ON ergy, transmitting the thirteenth Annual 3895. A letter from the Secretary of the In- PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Report on the activities and expenditures of terior, transmitting a draft of proposed legis- the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste lation to reduce the fractionated ownership Under clause 2 of rule XIII, reports of Management, pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 10224(c); of Indian lands; to the Committee on Re- committees were delivered to the Clerk to the Committee on Commerce. sources. for printing and reference to the proper 3886. A letter from the Director, Office of 3896. A letter from the Acting Assistant calendar, as follows: Regulatory Management and Information, Attorney General, Civil Rights Division, De- Mr. YOUNG of Alaska: Committee on Re- Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- partment of Justice, transmitting the De- sources. H.R. 1278. A bill to authorize appro- ting the Agency’s final rule—Maine; Final partment’s final rule— Redress Provisions priations for the activities of the National Authorization of State Hazardous Waste for Persons of Japanese Ancestry: Guidelines Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for Management Program Revisions [FRL–5845– Under Ishida v. United States [Order No. 2077– fiscal years 1998 and 1999, and for other pur- 1] received June 20, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 97] received June 16, 1997, pursuant to 5 poses; with an amendment (Rept. 105–66 Pt. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Commerce. U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on the 2). Referred to the Committee of the Whole 3887. A letter from the Director, Office of Judiciary. House on the State of the Union. Regulatory Management and Information, 3897. A letter from the Director, Federal Mr. ARCHER: Committee on Ways and Environmental Protection Agency, transmit- Bureau of Prisons, transmitting the Bureau’s Means. House Joint Resolution 79. Resolu- ting the Agency’s final rule—Approval and final rule—Scope of Rules: National Secu- tion disapproving the extension of non- Promulgation of Air Quality Implementa- rity; Prevention of Acts of Violence and Ter- discriminatory treatment (most-favored-na- tion Plans; Designation of Areas; Virginia; rorism [BOP–1046–F; BOP–1059–F] (RIN: 1120– tion treatment) to the products of the Peo- Redesignation of Hampton Roads Ozone Non- AA47; RIN: 1120–AA54) received June 19, 1997, ple’s Republic of China; adversely (Rept. 105– H4132 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE June 20, 1997 140). Referred to the Committee of the Whole Illinois, Ms. DEGETTE, Ms. ESHOO, ADDITIONAL SPONSORS House on the State of the Union. Mr. FROST, Ms. KILPATRICK, Mr. Under clause 4 of rule XXII, sponsors MCDERMOTT, Mr. MCGOVERN, Ms. DISCHARGE OF COMMITTEE were added to public bills and resolu- Pursuant to clause 5 of rule X, the MCKINNEY, Ms. MILLENDER-MCDON- ALD, Mrs. MORELLA, Ms. NORTON, Ms. tions as follows: Committee on the Judiciary discharged PELOSI, Ms. RIVERS, Mr. RUSH, Mr. H.R. 37: Mr. BILBRAY and Mr. HERGER. from further consideration. H.R. 1553 SERRANO, Mr. TRAFICANT, Mr. TOWNS, H.R. 44: Mrs. NORTHUP. referred to the Committee of the Whole and Mr. UNDERWOOD): H.R. 51: Mrs. FOWLER, Mr. FROST, Mr. House on the State of the Union and H.R. 2006. A bill to amend the Public STUMP, Mr. ENGLISH of Pennsylvania, and ordered to be printed. Health Service Act to establish a program of Mr. PARKER. H.R. 65: Mrs. NORTHUP. f providing information and education to the public on the prevention and treatment of H.R. 96: Mr. HERGER, Mr. LINDER, and Mr. SUBSEQUENT ACTION ON A RE- eating disorders; to the Committee on Com- LIVINGSTON. PORTED BILL SEQUENTIALLY merce. H.R. 107: Mrs. FOWLER. H.R. 108: Mr. WALSH. REFERRED By Mr. THORNBERRY (for himself and Mr. COMBEST): H.R. 122: Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Under clause 5 of rule X, the follow- H.R. 2007. A bill to amend the act that au- H.R. 158: Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina and ing action was taken by the Speaker: thorized the Canadian River reclamation Mr. NEUMANN. H.R. 284: Mr. WATT of North Carolina. H.R. 1276. Referral to the Committee on project, Texas, to direct the Secretary of the H.R. 303: Mr. GOODLING and Mrs. NORTHUP. Commerce extended for a period ending not Interior to allow use of the project distribu- H.R. 304: Ms. ESHOO. tion system to transport water from sources later than June 26, 1997. H.R. 465: Mr. QUINN. other than the project; to the Committee on f H.R. 475: Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland and Resources. Mr. MALONEY of Connecticut. By Ms. BROWN of Florida (for herself, PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS H.R. 630: Mr. MCKEON, Ms. WATERS, and Mr. DELLUMS, Ms. KILPATRICK, Mr. Mr. SHERMAN. Under clause 5 of rule X and clause 4 BONIOR, Mr. ADAM SMITH of Washing- H.R. 689: Mr. JEFFERSON. of rule XXII, public bills and resolu- ton, Mr. HASTINGS of Florida, Mr. tions were introduced and severally re- H.R. 715: Mr. LEWIS of Georgia. FROST, Mr. DIXON, Mr. HILLIARD, Ms. H.R. 716: Mr. ROYCE. ferred as follows: MILLENDER-MCDONALD, Mr. H.R. 768: Mr. MCCOLLUM and Mr. BUYER. By Mr. BACHUS (for himself, Mr. PICK- BLUMENAUER, Ms. EDDIE BERNICE H.R. 857: Mr. ROGAN, Mr. DICKEY, and Ms. ERING, Mr. BLUNT, Mrs. NORTHUP, and JOHNSON of Texas, Mr. NEAL of Mas- GRANGER. Mr. THOMAS): sachusetts, Ms. WOOLSEY, Mr. H.R. 881: Mr. COYNE. H.R. 2002. A bill to amend trade laws and FILNER, Mr. BARRETT of Wisconsin, H.R. 893: Mr. JEFFERSON and Ms. HARMAN. related provisions to clarify the designation Mrs. MEEK of Florida, and Ms. CHRIS- H.R. 894: Mr. JEFFERSON. of normal trade relations; to the Committee TIAN-GREEN): H.R. 901: Mr. PICKERING, Mr. BASS, Mr. on Ways and Means. H. Res. 173. Resolution honoring the inau- THUNE, Mr. SISISKY, Mr. REDMOND, Mr. By Mr. BARTON of Texas (for himself, gural season of the U.S. women’s profes- SCHIFF, and Mr. INGLIS of South Carolina. Mr. MINGE, Mr. STENHOLM, Mr. WAMP, sional basketball leagues; to the Committee H.R. 939: Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. ANDREWS, Mr. BALLENGER, Mr. on Education and the Workforce. H.R. 953: Ms. BROWN of Florida and Mr. BOYD, Mr. CASTLE, Mr. TANNER, Mrs. FORD. TAUSCHER, Mr. VISCLOSKY, Mr. f H.R. 961: Mr. BLILEY, Mr. CANADY of Flor- CONDIT, Mr. LUTHER, Ms. SANCHEZ, ida, and Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. H.R. 970: Mr. GIBBONS, Mr. FROST, and Mr. Mr. RAMSTAD, Mr. NEUMANN, and Mr. MEMORIALS GRAHAM): PASTOR. H.R. 2003. A bill to reform the budget proc- Under clause 4 of rule XXII, memori- H.R. 1018: Mr. PARKER. ess and enforce the bipartisan balanced budg- als were presented and referred as fol- H.R. 1053: Mr. GIBBONS. et agreement of 1997; to the Committee on lows: H.R. 1059: Mr. LINDER. H.R. 1070: Mr. ALLEN and Mr. JACKSON. the Budget, and in addition to the Commit- H.R. 1104: Ms. WOOLSEY and Mr. tees on Rules, and Ways and Means, for a pe- 136. The SPEAKER presented a memorial STRICKLAND. riod to be subsequently determined by the of the House of Representatives of the Com- H.R. 1168: Ms. DUNN of Washington, Mrs. Speaker, in each case for consideration of monwealth of Pennsylvania, relative to KELLY, Mr. SKELTON, Mr. CLEMENT, and Mr. such provisions as fall within the jurisdic- House Resolution No. 203 memorializing Con- BURR of North Carolina. tion of the committee concerned. gress to suspend implementation of the vehi- H.R. 1231: Mr. DOYLE. By Mr. FILNER (for himself and Mr. cle emissions provisions of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 and subsequent regula- H.R. 1315: Mrs. LATHAM. EVANS): tions promulgated by the Environmental H.R. 1327: Mr. CALVERT and Mr. FOX of H.R. 2004. A bill to amend title 38, United Pennsylvania. States Code, to provide for the reinstate- Protection Agency until October 1, 1998; to the Committee on Commerce. H.R. 1356: Ms. DUNN of Washington, Mr. ment of eligibility for dependency and in- STUPAK, Mr. PICKERING, Mr. DIAZ-BALART, demnity compensation for certain surviving 137. Also, a memorial of the House of Rep- resentatives of the Commonwealth of Penn- Mr. MCINTYRE, and Mr. HAYWORTH. spouses of veterans; to the Committee on H.R. 1357: Mr. STUPAK. Veterans’ Affairs. sylvania, relative to House Resolution No. 174 memorializing the President and Con- H.R. 1362: Mrs. MORELLA, Mr. DAVIS of Illi- By Mr. MCDADE (for himself, Mr. gress to take whatever steps are necessary to nois, Mrs. LOWEY, Mr. DIAZ-BALART, Mrs. HINCHEY, Mr. KING of New York, Mr. protect the rain forests from further destruc- THURMAN, Mr. MCINTYRE, Mr. GILCHREST, Mr. BORSKI, Mr. GEKAS, Mr. HOLDEN, Mr. tion; to the Committee on International Re- RODRIGUEZ, Mr. CRAMER, Mr. CHRISTENSEN, GREENWOOD, Mr. PETERSON of Penn- lations. Mr. MOAKLEY, and Mr. LEWIS of Kentucky. sylvania, Mr. EHRLICH, Mr. KLINK, 138. Also, a memorial of the General As- H.R. 1383: Ms. BROWN of Florida, Mr. CLAY, Mr. MANTON, Ms. FURSE, Mr. ROTH- sembly of the State of Tennessee, relative to Mr. DAVIS of Illinois, Mr. FLAKE, Ms. MAN, Mr. SHAYS, Mr. DELAHUNT, Mr. Senate Joint Resolution No. 53 memorializ- MILLENDER-MCDONALD, Mr. SCOTT, Mr. SNY- BILIRAKIS, Mr. ARCHER, Mr. ACKER- ing the U.S. Congress to appropriate funds DER, Mr. STOKES, Mr. DIXON, Mr. JACKSON, MAN, Mr. MALONEY of Connecticut, for the replacement of the Chickamauga Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas, Mr. Mr. FORD, Mr. CRAMER, Mr. ENGLISH Lock; to the Committee on Transportation OWENS, Mr. PAYNE, Mr. SERRANO, and Mr. of Pennsylvania, Mr. KILDEE, Mr. and Infrastructure. THOMPSON. DOYLE, Mr. KANJORSKI, Mr. FATTAH, H.R. 1437: Mr. HASTINGS of Florida and Mr. Mr. MURTHA, Mrs. ROUKEMA, Mr. f PAYNE. MOLLOHAN, Mr. MCHALE, Mr. GOOD- H.R. 1440: Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. LING, Ms. DEGETTE, Mr. MASCARA, H.R. 1441: Mr. CAMP and Ms. CARSON. Mr. RIGGS, Mr. BLILEY, Mr. MILLER of PRIVATE BILLS AND H.R. 1507: Mr. MILLER of California, Mr. Florida, Mr. FORBES, Ms. DELAURO, RESOLUTIONS WEXLER, Ms. DANNER, Mrs. TAUSCHER, Mr. and Mr. HOYER): CAPPS, Mr. BEREUTER, Mr. DAVIS of Illinois, H.R. 2005. A bill to amend title 49, United Under clause 1 of rule XXII, Ms. CHRISTIAN-GREEN, and Mr. JEFFERSON. States Code, to clarify the application of the Mr. WELLER introduced a bill (H.R. 2008) to H.R. 1532: Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut, act popularly known as the Death on the authorize the Secretary of Transportation to Mr. HEFNER, Mr. BONIOR, Mr. EHRLICH, Mr. High Seas Act to aviation incidents; to the issue a certificate of documentation with ap- PARKER, and Mr. JEFFERSON. Committee on Transportation and Infra- propriate endorsement for employment in H.R. 1619: Mr. LAHOOD, Mr. WELLER, Mr. structure. the coastwise trade for the vessel Mar Y Paz; MCINTOSH, Mr. ROMERO-BARCELO, Mr. By Ms. SLAUGHTER (for herself, Mrs. which was referred to the Committee on MCHUGH, Mr. MANZULLO, Mr. EVANS, Mr. LOWEY, Mr. ACKERMAN, Mr. DAVIS of Transportation and Infrastructure. NUSSLE, and Mr. GILLMOR. June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H4133

H.R. 1689: Mr. CRAPO, Mr. STEARNS, Mr. H.R. 1788: Mr. MATSUI, Mr. SANDERS, and H.R. 1963: Mr. GINGRICH. BOEHNER, Mr. MORAN of Virginia, Mr. Mr. GREEN. H.R. 1984: Mr. DOYLE, Mr. HOLDEN, Mr. BLUMENAUER, Mr. GORDON, Mr. GREEN, Mr. H.R. 1839: Mr. MORAN of Virginia, Mr. MASCARA, Mr. MOLLOHAN, Mr. RAHALL, Mr. HALL of Texas, Ms. MCCARTHY of Missouri, GILLMOR, and Mr. ADAM SMITH of Washing- DOOLEY of California, and Mr. CHRISTENSEN. Mr. HOYER, Mr. DAVIS of Virginia, and Mr. ton. H. Con. Res. 97: Ms. DELAURO, Mr. ENGEL, WYNN. H.R. 1858: Mrs. THURMAN. Mr. MILLER of California, Mr. FRANK of Mas- H.R. 1863: Mr. SHINKUS, Mr. TIAHRT, Mr. sachusetts, Mr. LAMPSON, Mr. ANDREWS, Mr. H.R. 1710: Mr. FAZIO of California, Mr. RYUN, Mr. STUMP, Mr. CRAMER, Mr. SISISKY, BARRETT of Wisconsin, Mr. DEFAZIO, Mr. GEKAS, Mr. HOLDEN, Mr. SAWYER, Mr. PETER- Mr. OXLEY, and Mr. PARKER. FARR of California, Mrs. MINK of Hawaii, Mr. SON of Minnesota, Mr. CUNNINGHAM, Mr. H.R. 1908: Mr. SKAGGS. OLVER, Mr. MARKEY, Ms. WOOLSEY, Ms. CAR- MCGOVERN, Mr. CAMPBELL, Mr. BUYER, Mr. H.R. 1951: Mr. SABO, Mr. TOWNS, Mr. SON, Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts, and Mr. ARCHER, Mr. GUTKNECHT, Mr. FARR of Cali- BARRETT of Wisconsin, Mr. PARKER, and Mr. TIERNEY. fornia, Mr. FROST, Mr. FRANK of Massachu- SANDERS. H. Con. Res. 100: Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN and setts, Mr. CANADY of Florida, Mr. CRAMER, H.R. 1955: Mr. CHRISTENSEN, Mr. CAMP, Mr. Mr. ROHRABACHER. Mr. MCHALE, Mr. FOLEY, Mr. NEAL of Massa- CALLAHAN, Mr. MCHUGH, Ms. LOFGREN, Mr. H. Res. 37: Mr. CARDIN and Mr. DAVIS of chusetts, Mr. HAYWORTH, and Mr. MCKEON. KING of New York, Mr. DINGELL, Mr. DAVIS of Virginia. H.R. 1732: Mr. EVANS, Mr. DELLUMS, Mr. Virginia, Mr. TRAFICANT, and Mr. MILLER of H. Res. 139: Mr. BOB SCHAFFER and Mr. ROMERO-BARCELO´ , and Ms. FURSE. Florida. DICKEY. E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 105 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION

Vol. 143 WASHINGTON, FRIDAY, JUNE 20, 1997 No. 87 Senate The Senate met at 10 a.m., and was Senate will resume consideration of to not go forward with an amendment called to order by the President pro the defense authorization bill. The ma- today. The amendment that I was con- tempore [Mr. THURMOND.] jority leader has stated that it is his sidering offering, and the amendment I hope that Members will be present to offered yesterday to the intelligence PRAYER offer their amendments during today’s bill, speak to the issue of tax fairness. The Chaplain, Dr. Lloyd John session. However, no rollcall votes will But the reconciliation bill will be on Ogilvie, offered the following prayer: occur today. Senator LOTT announced the floor next week, and the DOD reau- Gracious God, often we speak of Your last night that any rollcall votes or- thorization is not going to come up in omnipotence and omniscience. Today, dered on or in relation to any amend- any case until after the reconciliation we contemplate Your loneliness. You ments offered to the defense bill today bill. So I will wait until next week and created us to know and love You. With will be set aside. then offer amendments directly to the vulnerability, You gave us freedom to In addition, the majority leader has reconciliation bill. choose to respond to You and fill the stated that the Senate will begin con- Madam President, let me just start void in Your heart shaped by each of sideration of the budget reconciliation out with a piece from the National us. We are profoundly moved that there bill on Monday. Amendments are an- Journal of June 21. The caption is is a place each of us can fill. All ticipated to the reconciliation bill. ‘‘Fighting Over Taxes.’’ through human history You have been However, any rollcall votes ordered on I quote: seeking, searching, questing for Monday will be stacked to begin at 9:30 In the coming weeks Wall Street will be humankind’s response of faith and on Tuesday morning as well. Therefore, lobbying in support of all the new tax meas- trust in You. You have revealed Your- Senators should be aware that the next ures it likes, notably capital gains tax cuts, series of rollcall votes will begin at 9:30 expansion of IRA’s, and trying especially in self and are yearning to have us in a the Senate to keep unwanted provisions out right relationship with You. You have a.m. on Tuesday. of the final bill. ‘‘We have to make sure that ordained that You would enter the af- The majority leader would also like they are not offered on the floor to pay for fairs of humankind at our invitation to remind all Members that next week some other provisions,’’ said Bruce E. and exercise Your care and guidance is the last legislative week before the Thompson, Jr., the head lobbyist of the through us. You have all power, and Fourth of July recess. Senators should Washington office of Merrill Lynch & Co. yet, You have chosen to work through be prepared for a very busy week of ses- Madam President, I think this is the us. This has great meaning for us. sion and rollcall votes beginning on real question about this tax bill that is You have called the Senators to lead Tuesday and occurring throughout the before us. The question is, who really this Nation. You will seek entry into week as we complete the reconciliation has say in this process. the momentous as well as the mundane process. Let me just go back to some charts— details of this day through them. I thank my colleagues for their at- again, the Department of Treasury And so, in this quiet moment we all tention. analysis. are drawn back to You by the mag- Mr. WELLSTONE addressed the Looking at the House bill, the tax netism of Your love and yield all we Chair. cuts disproportionately help those who will do today to Your sovereign guid- The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The need help the least. If you look at the ance. It is awesome to realize how Senator from Minnesota is recognized. share of tax cuts by family income, the much we mean to You and how much Mr. WELLSTONE. I thank the Chair. top fifth get almost 70 percent of the You trust us to seek and do Your will. Madam President, I ask unanimous benefit of the tax cuts, the top fifth. Here we are: ready, willing, and listen- consent that I be allowed and other Then the fourth fifth gets 19 percent of ing for Your direction, for You are our Senators be allowed to speak for 10 the cuts; the third fifth, 9.2 percent; Lord and Saviour. Amen. minutes as if in morning business. the second fifth, 2.4 percent; the bot- Ms. COLLINS addressed the Chair. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. COL- tom fifth, less than 1 percent. In other The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The LINS). Without objection, it is so or- words, the bottom 40 percent of the able acting majority leader, the distin- dered. population get a total of about 3 per- guished Senator from Maine, is recog- Mr. WELLSTONE. I thank the Chair. cent of the benefits of these tax breaks; nized. f the third fifth, the middle class, gets f about 9.2 percent. Then you get to the THE RECONCILIATION BILL top fifth, the top 20 percent, they get SCHEDULE Mr. WELLSTONE. Madam President, almost 70 percent of the breaks. So you Ms. COLLINS. Mr. President, on be- I was on the floor yesterday speaking have about 80 percent of the benefits half of the majority leader, today the about the reconciliation bill. I decided going to the top 40 percent, and almost

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

S6017 S6018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997 70 percent of the benefits going to the next week—that people in the country see in this tax cut, in this reconcili- top fifth. This is just unbelievable. are going to be sorely disappointed and ation bill, that as a matter of fact is Just look at the next chart. This people in the country are just going to going to make higher education afford- shows the dollar amount that families shake their heads in disbelief. And peo- able for those families that have had get. ple in cafes in Minnesota and Maine, the most difficult time. We have had a Again, the source here is the Depart- when they finally get a look at who is flat 8 percent graduation rate for fami- ment of the Treasury, Office of Tax really going to get the benefits, are lies with incomes under $20,000 a year Analysis: If you have an income of going to say, ‘‘Wait a minute. We since about 1979. That is scandalous. $400,000 a year, or over, you will get thought you were talking about tax We ought to be making sure that those about $7,000 a year in benefits under cuts for our hard-pressed families.’’ families are part of the American these tax proposals. Congratulations. If And they are going to find out that is dream as well, and we ought to reach you earn $200,000 and up, you are going not the case at all. well into the $20,000 and $30,000 range of to get about $3,706. But on the other Apparently, we made some progress hard-pressed, middle-income working hand, if you are down here in the in the Finance Committee last night, families. We are not doing that. The $30,000 to $40,000 range, you get $152. If at least for some of the people who are President’s proposal does not do that you are $15,000 to $30,000, you get about in the $20,000 to $25,000 range who and certainly the alternatives we have $52. A buck a week. weren’t going to be getting any child here do not represent a step forward. If you look at the tax cuts on the care credit because they received They represent a great leap backwards. House side, and the way in which they earned income tax credit. These are Madam President, let me just finish are back loaded because of the capital working poor people. At least now up with a kind of appeal —I will have gains cuts and the IRA’s, you are talk- they’re not going to be a 100-percent amendments next week which will be ing about an erosion of revenue to the offset, and some of these families are very specific, and we will have up or tune of about $950 billion by the time going to be able to get some child care down votes on them—but right now, I we get to the year 2017. It is not just credits. want to make just a broad appeal. I am the first 10 years that matters. It is But, Madam President, this still begs grateful for whatever improvements what happens in the second 10 years the question as to why in the world have been made in the Finance Com- that is tragic. This is not my analysis. giving these families a benefit is even mittee. I thank all my colleagues for It is the Joint Tax Committee and the controversial. Don’t we want to make their work. They have made some im- Center on Budget & Policy Priorities. sure that working families’ children provements. However, like my good By the way, Bob Greenstein, who is also get benefits? Don’t we want to friend Jim Hightower likes to say, you the director of that Center—people can make sure that these tax cuts are not agree or disagree with some of Bob’s can put an earring on a hog, but you tilted and skewed toward the very views on different issues—but his data still can’t hide the ugliness. A couple top—the top fifth—of the population analysis is impeccable. Bob received of earrings don’t make a hog beautiful. that gets the lion’s share of all the ben- the MacArthur award, the genius You can put a couple of earrings on efits? Don’t we want to target precious award, for the work he does. And you this tax cut, this reconciliation bill, dollars toward middle-income people add to his reputation Congress’ own but you can’t make it beautiful; you Joint Tax Committee. and toward working families? cannot hide the ugliness. On the one hand, Members of Con- That is not what this legislation is Madam President, I ask unanimous gress say they are for deficit reduction, all about. That is not what these tax consent I have 3 more minutes to and then they go forward with this ero- cuts are all about. That is not what is speak. sion of the revenue base via back-load- going to be reported out on the floor of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ed tax cuts. That is bad enough. The the Senate. objection, it is so ordered. Madam President, I just want to Mr. WELLSTONE. When you have a second thing that is bad enough, or tax cut bill, a reconciliation bill that even worse, is what is going to be the mention one other area that I know is gives the vast majority of the benefits tradeoff. We are going to have more near and dear to the Presiding Officer’s to those people at the very top and and more people that are going to be 65 heart. That is higher education. I want gives middle-income and working fami- years of age and over, and more and to be critical of Democrats and Repub- more people that are 85 years of age licans on this. I still say that we are lies the shaft, you don’t have justice. and over. We will have the pressure of making a mistake here by underreach- You don’t have a bill that represents supporting them financially and cover- ing. If we are going to say that we are expanding opportunities. And, as I said, ing their medical costs, and we will end concerned about higher education not fix it up, do your best, but, again, you up either running the deficits back up being affordable, and we are going to can put an earring on a hog, but that again, or we will be cutting into what claim to focus on getting support for won’t hide the ugliness. You are not little is left by the way of investment the people who need it most, how can going to be able to hide it from people and education programs for our chil- we talk about tax credits that are not in the country. Next week we are going to have one dren and for our grandchildren. refundable? Nonrefundable HOPE tax But what makes this really uncon- credits mean that many of these fami- heck of a debate. My appeal is that we scionable is basically we are talking lies with incomes of $20,000 to $25,000 a work together here in this body. But about tax cuts that go to people on the year are not going to get anything be- my appeal also is to the President: I top. cause they don’t have any tax liability. hope you will hold the line. During the Let me quote a Washington Times That is why the Pell grant is a far bet- last campaign the President talked headline from today: from Speaker ter way of getting help to the people about economic fairness. Boy, if there GINGRICH—‘‘Gingrich Derides Demo- who need it. The IRA’s are great if you ever was a place to draw the line and crats’ Tax Cut Proposal As Welfare.’’ can afford to put the money in savings. have a debate, it is here. To Demo- This is unbelievable. What the We already have the tax incentives for crats, my colleagues, I hope you will Speaker is worried about is that Demo- working families to do that. They can’t come out here with an alternative. I crats—I hope—are going to be on the do any more. hope we will be united behind it, and I floor of the Senate next week, and in The problem for many people is they hope we will stay strong. Because this the House, focusing on the welfare of still struggle very hard to earn a de- piece of legislation is the exact oppo- working families. cent living and to raise their children site of what most folks mean by fair- Let’s not have a play on words here. successfully. To raise your children ness. It is no wonder that most people This is not a debate about welfare pol- successfully means to try to be able to in the country think there has been a icy. This is a debate about the welfare send your kids to college or to a uni- hostile takeover of the government of working families and their children. versity. But so many struggling fami- process. They know who has been in That is not rhetoric. That is what this lies just don’t have any money to put there lobbying, they know who is going is all about. into savings. to get the vast majority of the bene- So, Madam President, I will suggest So let’s just not fool anybody here. fits, and they can see that it does not to you—and we will see what happens We don’t have, really, anything that I have a whole lot to do with them. That June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6019 is the disconnect in American politics Experts say that higher education is al- not involved in the report. ‘‘All of that’s put- today. This reconciliation bill, this tax ready being reshaped by such forces as tech- ting more and more pressure on the operat- cut, represents a huge disconnect to nology or competition from for-profit insti- ing side of the budget.’’ middle-income and working families. It tutions, so that a straight-line extrapolation from current economic figures is difficult. [From the Washington Post, June 18, 1997] is an outrage. And higher education is such a varied enter- Let me just conclude by asking unan- COLLEGES’ FAILURE TO RESOLVE FUNDING prise in the United States that a crisis for a MAY BAR MILLIONS FROM ATTENDING STUDY imous consent that a Wednesday, June public college in California does not nec- FINDS 18, piece, ‘‘Rising College Costs Imperil essarily mean a crisis for Harvard or Prince- (By Rene Sanchez) the Nation, Blunt Report Says,’’ from ton. the New York Times and a Washington Still, Roger Benjamin, president of the A new report on the nation’s universities Council for Aid to Education, notes that warns that the pressures of growing enroll- Post piece, June 18, ‘‘Colleges’ Failure ment, rising tuition, and declining funding to Resolve Funding May Bar Millions even rich universities like Yale and Stanford have faced deficits and retrenchment in re- have put campuses on a dangerous financial from Attending, Study Finds,’’ be cent years. course and threaten to exclude many stu- printed in the RECORD. And officials in state systems, which edu- dents from higher education. There being no objection, the articles cate the majority of Americans, say the gap The report, by the Rand Corp., draws a were ordered to be printed in the between resources and costs in higher edu- bleak portrait of the financial problems fac- RECORD, as follows: cation is becoming ever more daunting. ing universities and suggests that many of them are ‘‘floundering’’ in their attempts to [From the New York Times, June 18, 1997] Charles Reed, chancellor of the State Uni- versity System of Florida, said that over the solve those problems. RISING COLLEGE COSTS IMPERIL THE NATION, next 10 years Florida would face a 50 percent Thomas Kean, a former governor of New BLUNT REPORT SAYS increase in students at its public four-year Jersey who helped lead the study, said that (By Peter Applebome) institutions, to 300,000 from 210,000. if current campus trends in funding and en- The nation’s colleges and universities need Barry Munitz, chancellor of the California rollment continue into the next century to cut costs dramatically or face a shortfall State University System, said California was ‘‘millions of Americans will be denied the op- of funds that will increasingly shut out the midway through a half-century of population portunity to go to college.’’ poor from higher education and from eco- growth and demographic change that would The report concludes that neither public nomic opportunity as well, according to a see the number of children in kindergarten nor private support of colleges is keeping blunt and far-ranging assessment of Amer- through the 12th grade almost double, to pace with campus costs or student enroll- ican higher education that was made public about eight million, and go from about 75 ment. The report projects that by 2015, the yesterday. percent white in 1970 to about 75 percent mi- number of full-time college students will The report, by a panel of public and private nority in 2020. swell to 13 million, about 3 million more university officials and corporate executives, Population growth will only accelerate the than now. says that rising costs, falling public spending financial problems facing higher education, That growth, spurred largely by the in- and a coming surge in demand are making the report said. It noted that the index meas- creasing necessity of a college degree in the the economics of American higher education uring the increases in the price paid by col- nation’s labor market, is occurring as col- increasingly unsupportable. leges and universities for goods and services, lege tuition costs are continuing to outpace If current enrollment, spending and financ- like faculty salaries, rose more than sixfold inflation. Nationally, average college tuition ing trends continue, the report said, higher from 1961 to 1995. The annual rate of growth per student, adjusted for inflation, has near- education will fall $38 billion short of what it in the cost of providing higher education ex- ly doubled in the past 20 years, the report needs to serve the expected student popu- ceeded the Consumer price Index by more concludes. lation in 2015. To sustain current spending, it than a percentage point from 1980 to 1995, the If that pattern were to continue for an- said, tuition would have to double by 2015, ef- report said. other 20 years, the report asserts, more than fectively shutting off higher education to And, while costs have gone up, public sup- 6 million students ‘‘will be priced out of the half of those who would want to pursue it. port has not. Since 1976, public support per system.’’ The report focuses on one of the great student has just kept up with inflation, Higher education officials said yesterday unspoken dilemmas in President Clinton’s while real costs per student have grown by that the long-term analysis of colleges pre- push to make at least two years of college as about 40 percent, the report said. sented in the report appears to be sound. common as a high school diploma: higher To make up the difference, tuition has ‘‘It defines the problems well, and speaks education is expensive, students pay only a risen dramatically, with tuition and fees candidly about what states and institutions small share of their costs and, while bringing doubling from 1976 to 1994. But the report have to do to try to solve them,’’ said Stan- increasing numbers of low-income students said that a similar doubling between now ley Ikenberry, president of the American into higher education will have long-term and 2015 would have a catastrophic effect on Council on Education, a Washington group economic benefits, it will also have enor- access, pricing as many as 6.7 million stu- that represents more than 1,300 colleges and mous short-term economic costs. dents out of higher education. universities. On the other hand, the report said, with ‘‘If you were to announce that, given fiscal Leaders of the study faulted both the fed- education increasingly crucial to economic pressures, the door to social mobility that eral government and, in particular, states advancement, cutting off access to edu- was good enough for the old generation is for not making stronger financial commit- cation—particularly to the poor and to im- really no longer needed by the new one, you ments to higher education. But they also migrant groups who increasingly dominate might as well stick a ticking bomb inside the stressed that the management habits of col- the student population of states like Califor- social fabric of this country,’’ Chancellor leges are a substantial part of the problem. nia, Florida, New York and Texas—would Munitz said. The report sharply criticizes the way many have enormous consequences for the nation’s While calling for more public support, the colleges manage their money, arguing that social fabric. report said that a solution with colleges and the financial decisions they make are often The report, ‘‘Breaking the Social Contract: universities themselves. ‘‘cumbersome and even dysfunctional in an The Fiscal Crisis in Higher Education,’’ calls ‘‘Given the magnitude of the deficit facing environment of scarce resources.’’ The report for a radical restructuring of universities, in- American colleges and universities, it is sur- urges universities to define their missions cluding an effort to overhaul university gov- prising that these institutions have not more precisely, streamline services, and do ernance to limit the power of individual de- taken more serious steps to increase produc- more to measure faculty productivity. On partments, redefining and often reducing the tivity without sacrificing quality,’’ the re- many campuses, the report notes, the re- ambitions of different institutions and a port said. sponse thus far to growing financial crises sharing of resources between institutions. The report’s recommendations for restruc- has been ‘‘partial and ad hoc.’’ The report also calls for more public fi- turing—from sharing a library with other in- It also recommends that universities share nancing, but it stresses that changes in the stitutions to eliminating weak programs— more of each other’s resources and try to system should be prerequisites to any in- are not new, but there are enormous politi- save money in the years ahead by relying creases. cal and institutional barriers in the way of a more on new computer technology and the ‘‘The facts are irrefutable,’’ said Thomas major economic overhaul of higher edu- Internet as tools for class instruction and Kean, the former New Jersey Governor who cation. Still, some experts say institutions scholarly research. is now president of Drew University and is a have no option but to find ways to operate f co-chairman of the panel that wrote the re- more efficiently. port. ‘‘We are heading for a crisis at the very ‘‘The ability to maximize revenue, given NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZA- time we can least afford one.’’ the competitive pressures for state dollars TION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 1998 The panel, the Commission on National In- on the one hand and the resistance to future vestment in Higher Education, is made up of increases in tuition on the other, has about The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The academic and business leaders convened by run its course,’’ said Stanley Ikenberry, Senate will now resume consideration the Council for Aid to Education, an inde- president of the American Council on Edu- of S. 936, which the clerk will report. pendent subsidiary of the Rand Corporation. cation, a leading advocacy group, which was The bill clerk read as follows: S6020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997 A bill (S. 936) to authorize appropriations hopeful momentum toward resolving punished for her courage. Is Israel to be for fiscal year 1998 for military activities of the outstanding issues between Israel symbolically rewarded for the unneces- the Department of Defense, for military con- and her neighbors that the right wing sary and provocative action it has struction, and for defense activities of the in Israeli politics initiated settlement taken in building entirely unnecessary Department of Energy, to prescribe person- housing settlements in sensitive Arab nel strengths for such fiscal year for the construction activities and pulled the Armed Forces, and for other purposes. rug out from under this momentum. lands? To add insult to this injury, the subcommittee has also taken the con- The Senate resumed consideration of Unfortunately, attempts by President Clinton to revive this process were less troversial step of approving $250 mil- the bill. lion for Jordan out of what is under- Pending: than successful, in part, because of deep inconsistencies in the approach of stood to be Egypt’s account in the bill. Cochran-Durbin amendment No. 420, to re- the United States which appeared only While I certainly do not take issue quire a license to export computers with with rewarding Jordan and King Hus- composite theoretical performance equal to half-heartedly—only halfheartedly—to or greater than 2,000 million theoretical op- protest the settlement construction ac- sein for signing the 1994 peace treaty erations per second. tivity on the part of the Netanyahu with Israel and for helping on the mat- ter of Israeli partial withdrawal from AMENDMENT NO. 420 government. Unfortunately, the United the West Bank city of Hebron earlier The PRESIDING OFFICER. The States vetoed United Nations Security this year, it is far preferable and much pending question is the Cochran Council Resolutions protesting the set- tlement construction, which has, in ef- more fair that the money for Jordan amendment No. 420. come equally from both Egypt’s and Is- The Senator from South Carolina. fect, taken the United States out of the strong intermediary role that it needs raeli’s earmarks. Mr. THURMOND. Madam President, I Madam President, I do not agree with would like to remind the Members of to play for lasting progress to be made. It was precisely at this point—with the concept of earmarks of the very the Senate if they have amendments to large magnitude that we have been this bill, the Defense authorization the Israeli right acting to put the brakes on the peace process, and only a making for both Israel and Egypt. bill, they come down and offer them. In my view, too much money goes to Now is the time. There is no use to put perfunctory attempt, only a half-heart- ed attempt by the United States Ad- both nations—too much money. For it off. We have set aside this morning years, this has been considered as to consider these amendments, and we ministration to revive the peace proc- ess—that Egypt has stepped in again to something that was due them. hope they will not delay. I think such a foreign entitlement use its influence to infuse new energy I yield to the able Senator from West program should eventually be phased into the complicated dance steps of the Virginia. out and eliminated. But if we are going Middle East peace process. President Mr. BYRD. Madam President, I ask to give such earmarks as a tool of Mubarak arranged for meetings last unanimous consent that I may speak American diplomacy and foreign pol- month at Sharm el-Shiek between Pal- out of order. icy, at the very least they must fairly The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without estinian and Israeli leaders and has reflect this Nation’s goals. objection, it is so ordered. shown himself to be in the Egyptian These earmarks have been looked tradition in exercising courage and cre- f upon virtually as entitlements by both ativity to bring the parties together nations, Egypt and Israel. And while EGYPT AND THE MIDDLE EAST again. Indeed, President Mubarak has we in this Chamber struggle annually PEACE PROCESS assigned a key aide to act as a trouble- over the budget deficits in attempts to shooter and intermediary between the Mr. BYRD. Madam President, the Re- get them under control, while we cut Israelis and Palestinians, and has spon- discretionary spending for America, for public of Egypt has been an outstand- sored an ongoing dialogue which has ing leader in the Arab world in bring- the American people, while both the been praised by U.S. and Israeli offi- administration and the Republican re- ing an historic reconciliation between cials alike. This Egyptian initiative, in the state of Israel and its neighbors, in- gime on Capitol Hill continue to reduce fact, appears to be the only game in discretionary spending, discretionary cluding the Palestinians. Egyptian town at this time. leaders, including President Sadat as caps, and to ratchet down the spending So I think it is very unfortunate that for programs and projects beneficial to well as the present leader, President just at the time when Egypt is playing Mubarak, have dedicated substantial the American people, the taxpayers of this central and responsible role, the this country, and help to build infra- energy toward such a reconciliation. Foreign Operations Subcommittee of structure in this country, all kinds of There has been constant, difficult op- the Appropriations Committee has cho- questions are asked and the game of position to this process in the region. sen to take the extraordinarily unfair one-upmanship is played as to who can President Sadat’s tireless and coura- and puzzling step of removing the ear- cut the most. geous dedication to peace in the Middle mark of funds in the Foreign Oper- I am an admirer and supporter of Is- East cost him his life. He paid the su- ations Appropriations bill for Egypt, rael. But are there any questions asked preme sacrifice at the hands of an as- while at the same time preserving the when it comes to funding programs in sassin. And he left a lasting legacy in earmark for Israel. As my colleagues Israel? Are there any questions asked fashioning the Camp David Accords to- are aware, those earmarks have been when it comes to this being looked gether with Prime Minister Begin of Is- the practice ever since the Camp David upon as an entitlement figure for Israel rael, through the good offices of Presi- Accords, the peace treaty between Is- and Egypt? No questions asked. dent Jimmy Carter. rael and Egypt, were signed in 1979. Are the American taxpayers fully In the Middle East it has always I was at the signing, and I had had aware that Congress and the Adminis- taken three to tango. Advancing the the pleasure and the privilege of talk- tration, every year, without any ques- process of making peace has required ing with President Sadat, the Presi- tions asked—no questions asked—pro- the dedication of the leaders of all dent of Egypt, in 1978, in Egypt. A cou- vide $3 billion to Israel and $2 billion to three countries, Israel, Egypt and the rageous man, President Sadat, was Egypt, no questions asked, while we United States. What is so dangerous leader in breaking the ice, and thus cut funding for water projects, sewage about the current period is the appar- giving peace a chance, a chance in the projects, highways, harbors, bridges, ent flagging of this dedication on the Middle East. education, health, law enforcement, part of the government of Prime Min- So, the subcommittee action, now, and Indian programs? We cut those ister Netanyahu, which has promoted sends precisely the wrong signal to the programs. But no questions are asked the construction of new, and entirely Egyptians, whose assassinated leader when it comes to this entitlement of $3 unnecessary Jewish settlements in was the pioneer in this peace process, billion annually for Israel and $2 bil- Arab portions of Jerusalem, a develop- who gave his life that there might be lion annually for Egypt. ment sure to engender violence and the peace in the Middle East. I am against those earmarks, but if disruption of the peace process. Indeed, Egypt should be commended for its we are going to have them, at least as I have said before on this floor, it diplomatic actions vis-a-vis the Pal- they must fairly reflect the Nation’s was just when there appeared to be estinians and Israelis, not seemingly goals. June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6021 What has been done as of yesterday 3. Egypt did not lead an effort to reimpose amendment by my colleague and friend on this matter by the subcommittee is the boycott on Israel. What happened is that from Mississippi, Mr. COCHRAN, first for flagrantly unfair and does a disservice at a regular meeting of the Arab League at jurisdictional reasons, and most impor- to Egypt, to the United States, as well, its seat in Cairo, a unanimous decision was tantly because it is a seriously, I be- taken to revise steps taken toward normal- lieve, flawed policy. and to our national interests in the ization with Israel if it persisted in policies basic process of making peace in the clearly contradicting its obligations. The As chairman of the International Fi- Middle East. I strongly oppose this ac- resolution did not include countries bound nance Subcommittee of the Senate tion, and I hope that it can be cor- by Treaties with Israel, i.e. Egypt and Jor- Banking Committee, I object to the rected when the bill gets to the full Ap- dan. consideration of this matter, since it is propriations Committee next week, and 4. Relations between Egypt and Israel are within the jurisdiction of my sub- if it isn’t corrected there, then the at- normal, which does require neither subscrib- committee and the Committee on ing by one party to the policies of the other, tempt will be made at least to correct Banking. This is a very controversial nor mandatory trade and travel. There exists issue and it should be heard and de- it on this floor. The action has not on our part no restriction on trade and trav- gone unnoticed. bated in the normal congressional el to Isreal, and far from stagnating, the two process, by the proper committee of ju- The Ambassador from Egypt and I fields have seen in the last years, significant have discussed this matter. He came to progress. A warm relation is one that is built risdiction, not by a floor amendment my office a couple of days ago, and through the years given the right cir- with little opportunity for opponents then we have been in discussions since cumstances; what is required, and in exist- to be heard. Many Members of this on the telephone. I received a thought- ence, are normal relations. It is not an un- body may have already returned to ful letter from him which I may wish usual state of affairs that relations between their States and will not even have the countries fluctuate with the acuity of politi- opportunity to listen to the debate to share with my colleagues. The Am- cal problems. Egypt and Israel are bound by today. bassador is disappointed and perplexed 16 agreements and protocols which have been The Senate has not had an oppor- by the subcommittee action, as am I, implemented or being normally imple- tunity to have a full debate on export and as true friends should be, true mented. 5. I would like to remind you that Egypt controls in the last few years. Members friends of Israel and Egypt should be. I need the benefit of time to fully ana- hope it can be corrected before even out of its deep commitment to peace in the region, has embarked on a major effort to lyze changes in an area that can have more damage is done. such a negative impact on U.S. compa- Madam President, I ask unanimous create conditions to bring the Palestinians and the Israelis back to the negotiating nies and on U.S. jobs. consent that a letter to me, this date, table. President Mubarak is personally in- What really concerns me, Madam from the Honorable Ahmed Maher El volved in this effort. He has met with Prime President, is that this amendment Sayed, the Egyptian Ambassador, be Minister Netanyahu in Sharm El Sheikh, turns back the clock on technology. printed in the RECORD. and since then contacts have been main- This amendment indicates it is di- There being no objection, the letter tained both with the Israelis and Palestin- rected at supercomputers, but comput- ians. was ordered to be printed in the ers at the 2,000–7,000 MTOPS level are RECORD, as follows: 6. Our ties with Libya are normal relations between neighbors in the context of the re- not supercomputers, a point I will dis- EMBASSY OF THE spect of UN Resolutions. Our influence has cuss later. The amendment reverses 2 ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT, been a moderating one. years of effort to decontrol computers June 20, 1997. All these points have been clearly ex- that are generally available. You will Hon. ROBERT BYRD, plained by President Mubarak to distin- hear all sorts of talk today about how U.S. Senate, Senate Hart Building, guished members of Congress he met on var- Washington, DC. this amendment improves national se- ious occasions, and thereofre, I do not be- curity. But it does not. If the goal is to DEAR SENATOR BYRD: It was, as usual, an lieve that there is any justification in rais- intellectual delight to talk to you last ing from the dead arguments and misrepre- stop the sale of high performance com- Wednesday to share with you the lessons of sentations that had been laid to rest by the puters to questionable end users in wisdom from the Bible and ancient Greece, reality as recognized by most Egypt has been Russia, China, India, Pakistan, and Is- and their meaning in the present cir- and continues to be a pioneer of peace, an rael, it will stop the sale of United cumstances. I particularly appreciate your anchor of stability in the Middle East, and a States computers to those end users— giving me so much time, in a very busy fierce defendant of the rule of law and legit- but it will not stop our allies from schedule, so that I may appreciate again imacy for which we fought side by side. your sense of objectivity and fairness, as making those sales. Without its contribution and its courageous It is true that there are two compa- well as your deep insight of things. stands, as well as its cooperation with the Unfortunately, action was taken by the nies currently under investigation for US, it would not be envisageable to move to- alleged sale without license to a ques- Foreign Operations Subcommittee to strike wards achieving our common goals of peace the earmark for assistance to Egypt, while and prosperity, and overcome the hurdles tionable end user. Those investigations keeping it for Israel. which Egypt is working very hard to over- are still pending and should be pursued, While I know your general position regard- come. so it seems premature to, in effect, ing the aid program to Egypt and Israel, I Best and warm regards, have the Congress find them guilty. also know that your sense of fairness would Sincerely, Let us let the process work. If they are not support treating Egypt in such a dis- AHMED MAHER EL SAVED. criminatory manner. guilty, they will be penalized. The U.S. I would also like to set the record straight Mr. BYRD. Madam President, I yield companies selling computers abroad at concerning Egypt’s position in response to the floor. this level are few; they are reputable certain allegations which were made: Mr. GRAMS addressed the Chair. and they do care about selling to ques- 1. The non-attendance by President Muba- f tionable end users. The investigations rak, of the summit held in Washington last have also had a positive effect in that NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZA- September was based on his assessment that they have encouraged companies to TION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 1998 Prime Minister Netanyahu was not ready, at seek more validated licenses for uncer- this meeting, to take steps conducive to the The Senate continued with the con- tain end users. I disagree with my col- advancement of the cause of peace. President sideration of the bill. Clinton clearly understood the motives of leagues who believe businesses care President Mubarak, and King Hussein of Jor- Mr. GRAMS addressed the Chair. only about the almighty dollar, and dan was quoted, after the meeting, as saying The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- not national security. that in, hindsight, President Mubarak was ator from Minnesota is recognized. This amendment will bring us back justified in not attending. AMENDMENT NO. 420 to the cold war days when export con- 2. The role of Egypt in reaching an agree- Mr. GRAMS. Madam President, I in- trols were required for computers sold ment on Hebron was crucial. It was an Egyp- quire of the business now before the in drug stores. A computer at 2,000 tian proposal which constituted the basis of Senate. MTOPS, which is the level we would the agreement. The Jordanian officials have recognized publicly that their proposal The PRESIDING OFFICER. The control, is a low-end work station which led to the agreement is built on an pending question is on the Cochran which is widely available all over the Egyptian suggestion of a compromise. The amendment No. 420. world. We would establish unilateral American Peace Team recognized the Egyp- Mr. GRAMS. Madam President, I rise controls on any computer over this ca- tian vital contribution to the solution. this morning to strongly oppose the pability. Our companies would have to S6022 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997 obtain a validated license. Their com- I have previously made the point sion that also take into account the petitors in other nations would not that we are stabbing ourselves in the best interests of our exporters—and the have that requirement. Therefore, Eu- foot, since computer companies in jobs that they represent. ropean and Japanese companies would other countries do not have these con- AMENDMENT NO. 422 TO AMENDMENT NO. 420 have a competitive edge in many, trols, and therefore our efforts are fu- (Purpose: To require the Comptroller Gen- many computer sales in countries tile to say the least. There are four Eu- eral of the United States to conduct a where it is important to establish a ropean companies which sell computers study on the availability and potential foothold as a reliable supplier to facili- in the 2,000–7,000 range as well as Japa- risks relating to the sale of certain com- tate future sales. Licenses would be re- nese companies. We all know that they puters) quired for every sale above this limit, will be eager to make these sales. Mr. GRAMS. So, Madam President, I not just those to questionable end What is really ironic is that the Chi- send my second-degree amendment to users. We want to expand markets in nese themselves have now produced a the desk, and ask for the yeas and nays those countries, while protecting our computer at the 13,000 MTOPS level. on the amendment. national security interests, rather than They have surpassed the 7,000 current The PRESIDING OFFICER. The handing them on a silver platter to our limit the sponsor of this amendment is clerk will report the amendment. The bill clerk read as follows: trading partners who will then be seen trying to roll back. as reliable suppliers in the future. One argument I have heard is that The Senator from Minnesota [Mr. GRAMS] I know the argument will be that it Japan also requires validated licenses proposes an amendment numbered 422 to amendment No. 420. is not hard to get an export license and for its sales. Yes, that is true, but Ja- that there are statutory deadlines on pan’s validated license system has al- Mr. GRAMS. Madam President, I ask agency review of license applications. I ways been a rubber stamp operation. unanimous consent that further read- can give you quite a list of companies— The entire process takes 24 hours, if ing of the amendment be dispensed many of them smaller companies— that. Ours can take months. And I can with. which have come close to shutting The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without show you some unhappy constituents down due to export license delays, even objection, it is so ordered. who can verify that. in recent years. We cannot return to The amendment is as follows: Another question I have is whether it this uncertainty and bureaucratic In lieu of the matter proposed to be in- is good policy to codify export controls maze. Even the larger companies will serted, insert the following: at certain levels rather than leaving see their expenses increase as they will SEC. . GAO STUDY ON CERTAIN COMPUTERS. them to regulation. Do we really want have to hire more high-priced attor- (a) IN GENERAL.—The Comptroller General to be in a position to have to change neys to facilitate many of the licenses of the United States shall conduct a study of the law each time we need to decon- the national security risks relating to the through the process. Export licenses to trol? Is the Congress really able to act sale of computers with composite theoretical these countries do not get approved in as quickly and as often as needed to ad- performance of between 2,000 and 7,000 mil- a couple of months. Many of them take lion theoretical operations per second to many months and earn the U.S. the just to rapidly changing technology? I think not. end-users in Tier 3 countries. The study shall designation as an unreliable supplier. also analyze any foreign availability of com- Madam President, I plan to send a While we are pursuing regulatory re- puters described in the preceding sentence second degree amendment to the form in many areas, what we are doing and the impact of such sales on United amendment by my colleague from Mis- here is reimposing regulations we States exporters. eliminated 2 years ago. sissippi and in a moment will ask for (b) PUBLICATION OF END-USER LIST.—The What is curious to me is an independ- its immediate consideration. Secretary of Commerce shall publish in the But I again want to mention that Federal Register a list of military and nu- ent study commissioned in 1995 for the clear end-users of the computers described in Departments of Commerce and Defense this amendment would request the GAO to perform a study of the national subsection (a), except any end-user with re- which determined that computers spect to whom there is an administrative could be decontrolled to the 7,000 security risks that would be involved finding that such publication would jeopard- MTOPS level without a negative im- with sales of computers in the 2,000– ize the user’s sources and methods. pact on national security. The Depart- 7,000 MTOPS range to military or nu- (c) END-USER ASSISTANCE TO EXPORTERS.— ments of State, Defense, Commerce, clear end users in tier 3 countries. It The Secretary of Commerce shall establish a the intelligence agencies, and ACDA would also analyze the foreign avail- procedure by which exporters may seek in- formation on questionable end-users. all signed off on this report, and the de- ability issue to determine whether con- trols at 2,000 MTOPS and above would (d) DEFINITION OF TIER 3 COUNTRY.—For control was made at that time to 7,000 purposes of this section, the term ‘‘Tier 3 MTOPS. The determination was made make any sense. country’’ has the meaning given such term because the 2,000–7,000 range, again, Further, the amendment would re- in section 740.7 of title 15, Code of Federal Madam President, was widely available quire the Department of Commerce to Regulations. throughout the world. publish in the Federal Register a list of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a But you have also heard that we are end users which would require the fil- sufficient second for the Senator’s re- stopping the sale of supercomputers to ing of a validated license application, quest for a rollcall vote? tier 3 countries without a license. except when there is an administration There is a sufficient second. Again. Madam President, a 7,000 finding that such publication would The yeas and nays were ordered. MTOPS computer is not a supercom- jeopardize sources and methods. Mr. COCHRAN addressed the Chair. puter. Supercomputers still need ex- Madam President, this is a sincere The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. port licenses. I am told that the compromise in my position as sub- ENZI). The Senator from Mississippi is MTOPS for a supercomputer is in the committee chairman of the committee recognized. 20,000 range and can go up to one mil- of jurisdiction over this issue, which Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. President, I have lion MTOPS—a far cry from 7,000. will help us decide whether there is a listened carefully to the comments of Let’s look at the level the amend- need to recontrol at the 2,000 level. It is my good friend from Minnesota in sup- ment seeks to control—2,000 MTOPS. far too controversial to decide this port of his second-degree amendment. I This is a low-level work station com- question today, or by next Tuesday must say that the language of the puter. By 1998, personal computers will when we will vote. amendment is appealing in some re- reach this level. Also, the alpha chip I believe Commerce should be asked spects, particularly the suggestion that available next year will be 1,000 to publish this list and to further seek the General Accounting Office ought to MTOPS itself. So just two of those in a ways to work with computer compa- be asked to conduct a review of this computer would qualify the computer nies to determine whether other end situation and the apparent risk to our for an export license. It is very difficult users are questionable in order to alle- national security caused by the export for me to justify that companies will viate some of the uncertainty that is policies of this administration with re- have to jump through so many hoops out there. spect to the sale of supercomputers and just to sell fairly low-level computers. Madam President, let us not turn its technology to foreign purchasers. We are truly turning back the clock on back the clock on technology. Let us There is some question in my mind technology. make a rational national security deci- about the efficacy of the last part of June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6023 the amendment particularly, because current regulations. So the suggestion ment has jurisdiction over commerce in our hearings in the Governmental that the Senator makes that we are issues, the Banking Committee has Affairs Committee the administration imposing new restraint on trade in this some jurisdiction, our Governmental officials talked about the fact that the amendment is not true insofar as it Affairs Committee has jurisdiction reason they did not publish and make concerns the sales for military pur- over compliance with nonproliferation available a list of end users or poten- poses. treaty provisions. We are constantly tial purchasers of these computers at Current policy simply says to the ex- monitoring the question of prolifera- this time was because of diplomatic porters, if you know it is going to be tion of weapons of mass destruction in considerations and the questions about used by a military organization, you our committee, and we came upon this whether it puts in jeopardy our intel- cannot sell it—2,000 to 7,000 MTOPS information through the exercise of ligence-gathering capabilities and a speed computers cannot be sold under our oversight responsibilities. number of other issues that concerned current U.S. law and under current reg- It is a matter of some urgency, in our them enough so that they do not now ulations. So this amendment that we view, that this matter be addressed, make available this list even privately are offering does not impose a new defi- and we think the U.S. Senate will to exporters of supercomputers. nition that restrains the sale of com- agree with that. I think we have sug- So to require them to publish it in puters. It simply says that the Com- gested a very modest but a very nec- the Federal Register and to make it merce Department is going to give you essary first step in the process of re- available to the general public is prob- the OK. Once you tell us who you will form of our policies over exporting ably something that ought to be recon- sell it to, they will tell you whether it computers. This administration came sidered and not approved by the Sen- is permissible or not. That is all we are into office having made a promise to ate. They should not be compelled to saying. the computer industry that they were do that. It seems to me that the rea- The current policy is it is up to the going to make some dramatic changes sons they gave in our hearing for not exporter to decide whether this is a in the rules so that they could sell doing it even privately was enough and military end use or an end user. If they more computers in the international sufficient in my mind to raise ques- sell it to someone they knew was a marketplace. That is fine. That is fine. tions about whether we should compel military end user, they violate the law But they have adopted a policy that is them to do it publicly. right now. The problem is a lot of ex- not working. It is not working to pro- But looking back at the earlier com- porters, the people in the business of tect our national security interests, plaints and the comments from my manufacturing and marketing super- which is important. It is working in friend about the Cochran-Durbin computers, do not have the capacity to that it has helped sell a lot more com- amendment, let me say that this is not make this determination. puters and a lot of people have gotten an effort on our part to roll back regu- Also, there are motivations that are rich under this new policy. I do not latory policy with respect to military different. They are in the business of have a problem with that. No com- end users. It is an effort to change the making money. They are in the busi- plaints are being made about that. But procedures and to put the onus and the ness of selling as many as they can. it was supposed to be a policy that responsibility for determining whether The stockholders of these companies both enhanced our ability to compete a sale is permissible or consistent with want to see sales go up, and so when in the international computer market national security concerns on the ad- there is a close question—we are not but at the same time protected our na- ministration rather than on the sellers questioning anybody’s motives here tional security interests. It worked on of the computers. today—but where there is a close ques- the one hand, but it has failed on the Computer companies do not have the tion and you really do not know for other. capacity to make determinations on sure, the temptation is to go on and We now see the Atomic Energy Min- their own about the use to which the make the sale, particularly if there is ister in Russia, whose name is computers they are selling in the inter- really no hard evidence there. Mikhailov, bragging in a public forum national market will be put, or the re- Now, there have already been those about the new supercomputer tech- lationships between prospective pur- cases where there is enough evidence nology they have bought from the chasers and governments, particularly that people have sold computers to end United States that is 10 times more in the case of China or Russia. The U.S. users who are military organizations or powerful and sophisticated than any- Government, though, has the capacity, who are involved in nuclear weapons thing they have had before. This agen- through its contacts worldwide, to do a programs, that they are now under in- cy is in the business of modernizing the much more reliable and accurate job of vestigations by a Federal grand jury. nuclear weapons that the Russians assessing whether or not someone This is serious business. That could have. would be a purchaser who would use have been prohibited, maybe, if you We have this Nunn-Lugar builddown these computers to enhance the had the Commerce Department saying, program supposedly trying to disman- lethalness of nuclear weapons or mis- ‘‘OK, it is fine, go ahead and make this tle these weapons of mass destruction, sile technology to put our own citizens sale. Here is your license.’’ Then the ci- and we are very actively involved with at risk, the lives of Americans at risk, vilian marketer is off the hook. The the Russians in that regard. But at the in a way that they would not otherwise Commerce Department makes the deci- same time, to be selling them the tech- be, but for the sale of our computer sion. That is the issue. nology to make the weapons, they are technology. Do we leave it up to the honor sys- more accurate, more lethal, capable of So it is for that reason and that rea- tem that has been developed by the destroying potential adversaries like son alone not to prevent the sale to le- Clinton administration, which is not the United States, it seems we are gitimate purchasers who will use it for working—46, we thought it was 46, but working at cross-purposes with our- civilian or other appropriate purposes. it turned out to be 47 as a result of the selves. We are trying to work to keep It is in those situations where there is hearing we held of new information of down the proliferation of weapons of very real concern based on knowledge these computers that are in the hands mass destruction, and here we are, in that we have about the potential harm- of Chinese entities and we do not know this instance, contributing to the pro- ful use—harmful to our own interests— what they are being used for. Or if our liferation of more lethal nuclear weap- that we ought to have the power, we Government knows, they cannot tell us on systems. Certainly that is true in ought to have the process reserved to in a public hearing session. We have to the case of Russia and China. We know the Federal Government to prohibit go behind closed doors to find out what that. We know that. that sale in those selected situations. they really know. So what do we do about it? Nothing? Right now the policy of our Govern- From what we can talk about right Have some hearings? Have the GAO ment is to prohibit the sale of this cat- now, we know that this policy ought to spend another year looking at things? egory of computers if it is for the pur- be changed, and for the business of We agree GAO ought to look at this. pose of being used for a military use or ‘‘this is not the right place, this is not We are asking them to do that, too. sold to a military organization. It is the right time,’’ and the jurisdictional They have already begun some work at prohibited under current law, under question—well, the Commerce Depart- our request. I agree with the Senator S6024 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997 that we need to do more, but to just The bill clerk continued the call of one thing I am never going to do. I am say the Senate should not act on this the roll. never going to call up my 83-year-old suggestion, this is a modest first step. Mr. GRAMM. Mr. President, making mother and say, ‘‘Well, mama, Medi- It is not a suggestion for comprehen- two separate requests, I ask unanimous care went broke today. It went broke sive reform at this time. We need more consent that the order for the quorum today because nobody had the courage information. We need to do more work call be rescinded. to do something about it. I knew it was to decide on the details of a com- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. going broke, but I didn’t want to tell prehensive, workable policy than is on FRIST). Without objection, it is so or- anybody because I thought somebody the books now and administered by our dered. might criticize me for trying to do Commerce Department. Mr. GRAMM. Mr. President, I ask something about it. So I just stood by So, but for the provisions of the unanimous consent that I can proceed thinking, ‘Well, when it goes broke in 3 amendment offered by the Senator that for 20 minutes as in morning business. years, maybe something magical will I have suggested caused me some con- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without happen, and maybe nobody will blame cern, I would like to be able to support objection, it is so ordered. me.’ ’’ I am never going to make that the amendment so that we could then Mr. INHOFE. Will the Senator yield telephone call. go on and vote to approve the amend- for a unanimous-consent request? I am proud to say that we took two ment as amended, but I cannot do that Mr. LEVIN. Reserving the right to steps in the Finance Committee this at this point. I hope the Senate will object, would the Senator add to that, week that will go a long way. If we not agree to the amendment. that following morning business that continue to show the courage that we I know under the announcement that we go back into an automatic quorum showed in committee on the floor of was made earlier today on behalf of the call? the Senate, then I will never have to majority leader, there will be no votes Mr. GRAMM. Mr. President, I ask call my mother and tell her Medicare on amendments today. They will be set unanimous consent that following my went broke, and she will never be with- aside and we will come to them later. speech, if it ever begins, that we go out the benefits that she has become So there will not be a vote today. back into the quorum call, and I also accustomed to and that she needs. Knowing that there will not be, I will ask unanimous consent that, without And let me outline the two things we not push the issue any further, except losing the floor, I might yield to Sen- did. First of all, as my colleagues will re- to suggest to the Senate that this is an ator INHOFE so that he might get a issue that ought to be debated, consid- staff member on the floor. member, we had a crisis in Social Secu- ered carefully, and we ought to vote for The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without rity in 1983. We set up a commission this amendment that I have offered objection, it is so ordered. which was almost unable to agree on what to do about putting Social Secu- with the cosponsorship of Senator DUR- f BIN. rity back in the black. We were on the Incidentally, I asked the other day, PRIVILEGE OF THE FLOOR—S. 936 verge halting Social Security checks. after we had described the amendment, Mr. INHOFE. Mr. President, I ask However, one of the reforms which that Senator ABRAHAM be added as a unanimous consent that Jeff Severs be arose from the process resulted from a cosponsor. I have now been asked to given floor privileges for the DOD bill. recognition that Americans are seek unanimous consent that Senator The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without healthier, and are living longer. So as part of that Social Security LUGAR be added as a cosponsor. I make objection, it is so ordered. solvency package, those of us who were that request at this time, Mr. Presi- Mr. GRAMM. Mr. President, with all in Congress at the time swallowed hard dent. this folderol, I hope they are not con- and voted to raise the retirement age The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without spiring against me or against Texas. If objection, it is so ordered. from 65 to 67 over a 24-year period. so, maybe we are in trouble. I remind my colleagues that when PRIVILEGE OF THE FLOOR f Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, I Social Security started, the average ask unanimous consent that Janice SAVING MEDICARE American lifespan was less than the eligibility age for Social Security. So Nielsen, a legislative fellow with Sen- Mr. GRAMM. Mr. President, I come the Social Security system protected ator CRAIG’s office, be granted floor to the floor today to talk about a very people who lived longer than the aver- privileges during debate on S. 936, the difficult subject that for the next cou- age. Defense Authorization Act. ple years is going to be very unpopular. Obviously, thank goodness, the aver- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without In the long history of the country it is age lifespan of Americans has grown objection, it is so ordered. one of the most important subjects dramatically since 1935. So we now Mr. GRAMS. Mr. President, I want to that we have ever debated—and that is say I appreciate the remarks of my col- have in law where beginning in the trying to save Medicare. year 2003 through the year 2027, we are league from Mississippi, Senator COCH- I want to talk about what we did in going to very gradually raise the re- RAN. We hope to be able to work with the Finance Committee. We reported a tirement age from 65 to 67. That was him over the weekend and hope to bill that will be on the floor by the come to an agreement and compromise part of a program to keep Social Secu- middle of next week. I want to explain rity solvent. with him by next week. Like he said, to people exactly what we did and ex- It was heavy lifting at the time. Med- hopefully we can vote on this at that actly why we did it. I want to talk icare was still in the black, and nobody time. about why it is important to the future wanted to make the lifting any heav- I yield the floor. of the country and why it is critically Mr. THURMOND. I suggest the ab- ier. important to 38 million people who de- Now we are reaching a point where sence of a quorum. pend on Medicare. It is something that The PRESIDING OFFICER. The this phase-in for Social Security is we have to do, and it was a courageous clerk will call the roll. going to start in the year 2003. So the The assistant legislative clerk pro- action taken by the committee. How- Finance Committee, in what I believe ceeded to call. ever, it will be a great blot on the cour- was a courageous vote, voted to begin Mr. GRAMM. Mr. President, I ask age and leadership of this Congress if phasing up the eligibility age for Medi- unanimous consent that we may move we let this effort, started in the Fi- care in the same way as Social Secu- from this quorum call into morning nance Committee this week, die on the rity. That is the first significant business for 20 minutes. floor of the U.S. Senate or in the Con- change we made. I think there is some- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there gress. thing historic about that change which objection to calling off the quorum? First of all, Mr. President, let me re- goes beyond it being the most dramatic Mr. LEVIN. I object. mind people that we have a terrible change we have ever made in Medi- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objec- problem in Medicare. Medicare will be care’s history to keep the program sol- tion is heard. insolvent in 3 years. There are a lot vent. The clerk will continue to call the things I may do in my political career The second dramatic thing about this roll. that I do not want to do, but there is reform is that we did not do it to save June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6025 money. We did not do it to fund tax untary health insurance program. That the next few years, as depression era cuts. We did not do it to balance the would make the deductible about $1,700 babies retire, we are going to have rel- budget. We do not even count the sav- a year for very high-income retirees. atively few people who are retiring. ings that come from it in our budget. Now, those are the two changes we These should be great years in terms of Every penny we save goes into the hos- have made. As was true with the retire- solvency for Medicare. However, these pital insurance trust fund to protect ment age phasein, none of the savings are the years where Medicare is going benefits. that come from having a higher de- broke. Let me say to our colleagues who ductible for very high-income retirees But notice what happens, beginning might be listening to this speech, with goes to the deficit. None of it goes to during the war and then immediately Medicare within 3 years of going broke, fund tax cuts. None of it is even count- after the war we had an explosion in with Medicare within 7 years of having ed in the budget. Every penny of the the birth rate in America. Fourteen a $100 billion deficit per year, with a savings goes to protect the trust fund. million men came home from the war. projected deficit in Medicare over the Now, why do we need to do this? I They had defeated Nazism. America next 10 years of $1.6 trillion—counting read in the newspaper this morning was the dominant power on Earth. Peo- both part A spending and part B spend- where one of our colleagues said it is ple had new confidence in the future, ing—it is an absolute certainty that we hogwash to say we have to make these and they made the greatest investment will ultimately conform the eligibility kind of changes to save Medicare. Well, you can have in the future—they had age for Medicare with the retirement let me explain why we are going to babies, millions of them. Most Mem- age under Social Security. That is a have to make some dramatic changes bers of Congress were either in the sort certainty. That is going to happen. and we are going to have to make them of pre-baby-boomer generation during But if we wait 2 or 3 more years be- quickly if we are going to save Medi- the war or they were in the generation fore doing so, we are not going to have care. The two changes that we made in right after the war. There was a huge time for people to plan for the future. the Finance Committee will not save explosion in the birth rate. One of the cruelest things we could do Medicare by themselves. They are When we created Medicare in 1965, we is to wait and delay and let a crisis major steps forward. They are the only were looking at this huge avalanche of occur so that we find ourselves forced real reforms we have made since 1965. young people coming into the labor to change the eligibility age for those I am sure when we debate this next market. In 1965 we had about four who had planned to retire in a year or week people will say, but we have sav- times as many people turn 19 as we had 2 or 3. ings in the budget. Well, we assume we had 2 years before. It looked as if this If we make this change now, people are cutting payments to hospitals and tidal wave of people would never end. will have several years to adjust to an providers. We have done that about a Actually, had Congress gone down to increase in the retirement age. The dozen times. It has never saved any the Census Bureau in 1965 and asked if changes that will occur will occur very money because they find a way to get this baby boom would ever end, they slowly over the next 24 years. around it. Then our biggest savings is would have discovered that it already The impact of this provision on the that we take the fastest growing part had. But when we wrote Medicare with solvency of the Medicare hospital in- of Medicare, home health care, out of this huge number of people coming to surance trust fund is dramatic. It will the trust fund and put it in general the labor market, they made a decision reduce the projected deficit in the Med- revenue. Then we say, well, we have not to fund it. They opted for a pay-as- icare trust fund by about 10 percent in helped save the trust fund. So the only you-go system where young workers and of itself, by the year 2025. two real permanent reforms that have would pay into the system without The second change that we made is a long-term impact are the two reforms building up trust funds to pay for the an equally dramatic change and recog- which we are not counting as part of benefits. This baby boomer generation nizes that there are two parts to Medi- the budget. We do have another major turned out to be a godsend for pro- care. We all pay 2.9 percent of our long-term change in Medicare by giv- grams like Medicare. wages in payroll taxes during our ing our seniors more choices. But now we come to the problem. working lives in order to qualify for Let me, very briefly, go through the This chart shows the projected in- coverage under the Medicare Hospital problems in Medicare. First, Medicare creases in the population 65 and over. If Insurance Program. expenses are exploding. They are grow- you look at this chart, we are down There is a voluntary part of Medicare ing at over twice the cost of medicine here now where only 200,000 people are that nobody pays for in payroll taxes, in the private sector. We have a pro- going to turn 65 this year, but within 14 but that is funded by a payment that gram that by and large was designed in years 1.6 million people will turn 65 and people make in a part B premium. 1965 based on an old Blue Cross-Blue that number will not change for 20 Mr. President, there are two types of Shield policy that is no longer avail- years. We are going to go from 5.9 Medicare benefits. One type is the trust able. Medicare is a system that has tre- workers per retiree on the day Medi- fund that we pay for during our work- mendous inefficiencies and has grown care started—we are down now to 3.9 ing lives. We pay 2.9 percent of wages faster than any other major program in and we are headed to 2.2—2.2 workers into that trust fund. That pays pri- the Federal budget. We started off pay- for every retiree in America. marily for hospital care. Coverage for ing for Medicare with a 0.7-percent pay- The financial impact of that is abso- physician services is a separate system roll tax on the first $6,600 of income lutely cataclysmic. If we do not act, for which you do not start paying until earned. We are now paying 2.9 percent the young people who are sitting down you retire. When it was set up in 1965, of every $1 they earn, and still Medi- here as pages are going to have to pay the idea was for retirees to pay 50 per- care will be broke in 3 years. So our a payroll tax three times the current cent of program costs in premiums, first problem is exploding costs. level. We are going to have an average while taxpayers would pay the other 50 The second problem is a time bomb tax rate in America—average tax rate percent. Over the years that retiree we know as the baby boomer genera- in America—of about 50 cents out of payment has fallen to 25 percent of tion. I want to ask people to look at every dollar. America is not going to Medicare. this chart because this explains what is be America when you have that kind of Currently, there is a deductible of going to happen and why there is noth- tax burden. $100 which people have to pay before ing conjectural about it. It is not some- Now, this is a problem we must ad- Medicare part B, the voluntary part of body merely claiming that the sky is dress. We know it is coming. We can fix Medicare, kicks in. Under the second going to fall; the sky is already falling. it. We can preserve benefits. We can reform adopted by the Finance Com- Currently, in 1997, we are at the point make the system better. But we are mittee, as income rises from $50,000 to where all the babies born in 1932 are re- going to have to be courageous in order $100,000 for an individual—or from tiring. 1932 was not a banner year for to do it, and we are going to have to 75,000 to $125,000 as a couple—very high- having children in America. We were in make some tough decisions. income retirees—that deductible would the middle of a depression. The birth Here is what the financial status of phase up from $100 to an amount equal rate was very low—one of the lowest Medicare looks like. As you can see, we to the full taxpayer subsidy of this vol- birth rates in American history. So for are in the last years of its solvency. We S6026 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997 are looking at an explosion in the cu- So, we are going to be debating these Mr. President, I believe the Senator’s mulative deficit of Medicare because things next week, and we will have amendment to require a license to ex- we guaranteed two generations of Members of the Senate standing up and port high-powered supercomputers Americans medical coverage during re- saying we are breaching an agreement with a 2,000 million theoretical oper- tirement, and nobody ever set aside by asking people with $100,000 a year ation range is appropriate. any money to pay for it. Now the baby income to pay $1,700 for a voluntary I ask unanimous consent that I be boomer generation is headed into re- health insurance program. added as an original cosponsor of the tirement, they want these benefits, and We are going to have a lot of people amendment offered by the Senator there is no money to pay for them. say the world is going to come to an from Mississippi. That is the crisis. end because we are asking people to The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Let me give an idea of how big this pay more if they can to save a system objection, it is so ordered. is. If we reform Medicare right now, that is critical. I am ready to debate it. Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, I and change the system by improving I don’t know if we can save these re- yield the floor and suggest the absence efficiency, thereby bringing the cost of forms. But we are going to be awfully of a quorum. Medicare down to the general inflation embarrassed some day if we don’t. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The rates, even under the best of cir- I yield the floor. clerk will call the roll. cumstances, to pay off this debt to f The bill clerk proceeded to call the baby boomers, we would have to bor- roll. row $2.6 trillion. If we wait 10 years, it NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZA- Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, I goes up to $3.9 trillion. If we wait 20 TION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 1998 ask unanimous consent that the order years, it goes up to $6.1 trillion. Now, The Senate continued with the con- for the quorum call be rescinded. the whole debt of the country today is sideration of the bill. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without less than $6.1 trillion. So this is a cri- Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, objection, it is so ordered. sis. This is a crisis that is happening what is the pending business? Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, I right now. AMENDMENT NO. 422 ask unanimous consent that the Grams We have made two changes in the Fi- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The and Cochran amendments be tempo- nance Committee which produce sav- pending business is the Grams sub- rarily set aside and it be in order for ings that are dedicated, every penny, stitute for the Cochran amendment. Senator COVERDELL to offer an amend- to strengthening the hospital insur- Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, I ment No. 423 to the bill on behalf of ance trust fund. One is raising the eli- consider this a matter of national secu- himself and Senators INHOFE and gibility age for Medicare as we have rity and, therefore, I support the ef- CLELAND. done for the retirement age under So- forts of the Senator from Mississippi to I further ask that following 2 min- cial Security. I can guarantee you that require export licenses for computers utes for explanation by Senator is going to have to happen sooner or —in short, supercomputers to tier 3 COVERDELL, the amendment be set later. Within 10 years we are going to countries, such as Russia, China, India, aside, and further, that the call for reg- vote to do it. If we wait 10 years, we and Pakistan. ular order with respect to the Inhofe- will have Americans who literally are For several years, both the Strategic Coverdell amendment only be in order on the verge of retiring who are going Subcommittee and the Acquisition and after the concurrence of the chairman to find out they cannot retire. That is Technology Subcommittee, chaired by and ranking member and Senators not fair, and it is not right. If we do it the Senator from New Hampshire, Sen- from the following States: Georgia, today, we will catch the political heat ator SMITH, have conducted hearings Utah, Oklahoma, California, and Texas. today but people will have 30 years to on the administration’s export policies Mr. LEVIN. No objection. adjust to working 2 years longer. So it on dual-use technologies with military The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without will be unpopular in the short run, we applications. The concerns expressed objection, it is so ordered. will be criticized for it in the short run, by Senators COCHRAN and DURBIN is one Mr. COVERDELL addressed the but within 10 years when people fully of the issues which Senator SMITH was Chair. understand this, they are going to be concerned about, and which he ex- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- very grateful that we did it, and it will plored during his hearings. ator from Georgia. be the right thing to do. The export of the high-performance AMENDMENT NO. 423 Second, asking very high-income computers to countries of concern (Purpose: To define depot-level maintenance people in a voluntary program to pay could have a significant and poten- and repair, to limit contracting for depot- more of the cost of providing that ben- tially detrimental impact on United level maintenance and repair at installa- efit is not unreasonable. Nobody is re- States and allied security interests. tions approved for closure or realignment quired to participate in part B Medi- The alleged export of the high-per- in 1995, and to modify authorities and re- care. No one pays a penny in the part formance computers to Russia and quirements relating to the performance of B Medicare during their working life. China recently causes me great con- core logistics functions) It is a voluntary program. I have been cern. The computers are more capable Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, I stunned when listening to the criticism than any computer known to have been call up amendment 423. of this that somehow there is some- in use in those countries. The export of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The thing wrong with asking people who these computers was accomplished clerk will report. have income of $100,000 a year in retire- without export licenses. Evidently, the The assistant legislative clerk read ment to pay a $1,700 deductible for the Russian Government told the compa- as follows: best medical care policy that money nies that sold the computers that they The Senator from Georgia (Mr. can buy. I do not think that is unrea- would be used for modeling of Earth COVERDELL), for himself, Mr. INHOFE and Mr. sonable. water pollution. However, subsequent CLELAND, proposes an amendment numbered Let me tell you something. We are to the sale, officials from the Russian 423. going to have to do it. But do we have Ministry of Atomic Energy stated that Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, I to wait until our seniors are scared to the computers would be used to main- ask unanimous consent that reading of death because they are not sure Medi- tain its nuclear weapons stockpile, to the amendment be dispensed with. care is going to be in place next confirm the reliability of its nuclear The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without month? Do we have to wait until the arsenal, and to ensure the proper work- objection, it is so ordered. wolf is at the door, until the house is ing order of the nuclear stockpile The amendment is as follows: on fire, to make a tough decision? under the Comprehensive Test Ban At the end of subtitle B of title III, add the Can’t we make the decision while there Treaty. following: is time to adjust to it so that we can Mr. President, according to U.S. ex- SEC. . DEFINITION OF DEPOT-LEVEL MAINTE- NANCE AND REPAIR. prevent the system from going broke? port policy, the sale of high-powered (a) DEPOT-LEVEL MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR Does it have to go broke for us to have computers that would directly or indi- DEFINED.—Chapter 146 of title 10, United the courage to do something that we rectly support nuclear weapons activi- States Code, is amended by inserting before know has to be done? ties is prohibited. section 2461 the following new section: June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6027 ‘‘§ 2460. Definition of depot-level maintenance including any costs associated with planning Joint Chiefs of Staff set forth in section and repair for and executing the proposed contract, 153(a)(3) of this title. ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In this chapter, the would be less than the costs that would oth- ‘‘(4) The Secretary of Defense shall require term ‘depot-level maintenance and repair’ erwise be incurred if the depot-level mainte- the performance of core logistics functions means materiel maintenance or repair re- nance and repair to be performed under the identified under paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) at quiring the overhaul or rebuilding of parts, contract were performed using equipment Government-owned, Government-operated assemblies, or subassemblies, and the testing and facilities of the Department of Defense; facilities of the Department of Defense (in- and reclamation of equipment as necessary, ‘‘(C) all of the information upon which the cluding Government-owned, Government-op- regardless of the source of funds for the Secretary determined that the total costs to erated facilities of a military department) maintenance or repair. The term includes all the Government would be less under the con- and shall assign such facilities the minimum aspects of software maintenance and such tract is available for examination; and workloads necessary to ensure cost effi- ciency and technical proficiency in peace- portions of interim contractor support, con- ‘‘(D) none of the depot-level maintenance time while preserving the surge capacity and tractor logistics support, or any similar con- and repair to be performed under the con- reconstitution capabilities necessary to sup- tractor support for the performance of serv- tract was considered, before July 1, 1995, to port fully the contingency plans referred to ices that are described in the preceding sen- be a core logistics capability of the Air in paragraph (3).’’. tence. Force pursuant to section 2464 of this title. ‘‘(b) EXCEPTION.—The term does not in- ‘‘(3) CAPACITY OF DEPOT-LEVEL ACTIVITIES.— Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, clude the following: For purposes of paragraph (2)(A), the capac- amendment No. 423 is language in the ‘‘(1) Ship modernization activities that ity of depot-level maintenance and repair ac- DOD authorization bill that would were not considered to be depot-level main- tivities shall be considered to be the same as have the effect, in the judgment of the tenance and repair activities under regula- the maximum potential capacity identified Senators that coauthored it from Geor- by the Defense Base Closure and Realign- tions of the Department of Defense in effect gia and Oklahoma—and I am pleased on March 30, 1997. ment Commission for purposes of the selec- that Senator CLELAND, my colleague ‘‘(2) A procurement of a modification or tion in 1995 of military installations for clo- upgrade of a major weapon system.’’ sure or realignment under the Defense Base from Georgia and a member of the (b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of Closure and Realignment Act of 1990, with- Armed Services Committee, has coau- sections at the beginning of such chapter is out regard to any limitation on the maxi- thored the amendment—this language amended by inserting before the item relat- mum number of Federal employees (ex- would, in our minds, have the effect of ing to section 2461 the following new item: pressed as full time equivalent employees or concluding and carrying out what we ‘‘2460. Definition of depot-level maintenance otherwise) in effect after 1995, Federal em- believe were the findings of the last and repair.’’. ployment levels after 1995, or the actual round of the Base Realignment and availability of equipment to support depot- SEC. 320. RESTRICTIONS ON CONTRACTS FOR level maintenance and repair after 1995. Closure Commission. PERFORMANCE OF DEPOT-LEVEL Because of the structure of the unan- ‘‘(4) GAO REVIEW.—At the same time that MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR AT CER- imous consent, it is designed to encour- TAIN FACILITIES. the Secretary submits the certification and Section 2469 of title 10, United States Code, analysis to Congress under paragraph (2), the age the Senators of the States so enu- is amended— Secretary shall submit a copy of the certifi- merated in the unanimous consent to (1) in subsections (a) and (b), by striking cation and analysis to the Comptroller Gen- work arduously to try to resolve the out ‘‘or repair’’ and inserting in lieu thereof eral. The Comptroller General shall review differences that currently exist be- ‘‘and repair’’; and the analysis and the information referred to tween our separate views of what the (2) by adding at the end the following new in subparagraph (C) of paragraph (2) and, not final Base Realignment and Closure subsection: later than 30 days after Congress receives the Commission was and how it was carried ‘‘(d) RESTRICTION ON CONTRACTS AT CERTAIN certification, submit to Congress a report containing a statement regarding whether out. It is a strong statement, following FACILITIES.— the lead of the good Senator from ‘‘(1) RESTRICTION.—The Secretary of De- the Comptroller General concurs with the fense may not enter into any contract for determination of the Secretary included in Oklahoma, who has been in pursuit of the performance of depot-level maintenance the certification pursuant to subparagraph this issue for an extended period of and repair of weapon systems or other mili- (B) of that paragraph. time. Of course he is the principal au- tary equipment of the Department of De- ‘‘(5) APPLICATION.—This subsection shall thor of the amendment. fense, or for the performance of management apply with respect to any contract described Mr. President, I yield the floor, ac- functions related to depot-level maintenance in paragraph (1) that is entered into, or pro- cording to the unanimous consent and repair of such systems or equipment, at posed to be entered into, after January 1, agreement. any military installation of the Air Force 1997.’’. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- where a depot-level maintenance and repair SEC. 321. CORE LOGISTICS FUNCTIONS OF DE- ator from South Carolina. facility was approved in 1995 for closure or PARTMENT OF DEFENSE. f realignment under the Defense Base Closure Section 2464(a) of title 10, United States and Realignment Act of 1990 (part A of title Code, is amended— MORNING BUSINESS XXIX of Public Law 101–510; 10 U.S.C. 2687 (1) in paragraph (1), by striking out ‘‘a lo- note). In the preceding sentence, the term gistics capability (including personnel, Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, I ‘military installation of the Air Force’ in- equipment, and facilities)’’ and inserting in ask unanimous consent that there now cludes a former military installation closed lieu thereof ‘‘a core logistics capability that be a period for the transaction of morn- or realigned under the Act that was a mili- is Government-owned and Government-oper- ing business, with Senators permitted tary installation of the Air Force when it ated (including Federal Government person- to speak for up to 5 minutes each. was approved for closure or realignment nel and Government-owned and Government- Mrs. HUTCHISON. Mr. President, re- under the Act. operated equipment and facilities)’’; serving the right to object, let me ask ‘‘(2) EXCEPTION.—Paragraph (1) shall not (2) in paragraph (2)— just one question. In the last unani- apply with respect to an installation or (A) by inserting ‘‘core’’ before ‘‘logistics’’; mous consent it was agreed amend- former installation described in such para- and ment No. 423 would be set aside, sub- graph if the Secretary of Defense certifies to (B) by adding at the end the following: Congress, not later than 45 days before enter- ‘‘Each year, the Secretary of Defense shall ject to all of the unanimous consent re- ing into a contract for performance of depot- submit to Congress a report describing each quirements. Has it been now set aside? level maintenance and repair at the installa- logistics capability that the Secretary iden- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The tion or former installation, that— tifies as a core logistics capability.’’; and amendment has been set aside. ‘‘(A) not less than 75 percent of the capac- (3) by adding at the end the following new Mrs. HUTCHISON. Thank you, Mr. ity at each of the depot-level maintenance paragraphs: President. I do not object. and repair activities of the Air Force is being ‘‘(3) Those core logistics activities identi- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without utilized on an ongoing basis to perform in- fied under paragraphs (1) and (2) shall in- objection, it is so ordered. The Senator dustrial operations in support of the depot- clude the capability, facilities, and equip- from Kentucky. level maintenance and repair of weapon sys- ment to maintain and repair the types of Mr. FORD. I understand we are in a tems and other military equipment of the weapon systems and other military equip- period of morning business? Department of Defense; ment (except systems and equipment under The PRESIDING OFFICER. We are in ‘‘(B) the Secretary has determined, on the special access programs and aircraft car- basis of a detailed analysis (which the Sec- riers) that are identified by the Secretary, in a period for morning business. retary shall submit to Congress with the cer- consultation with the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Mr. FORD. I may take a little longer. tification), that the total amount of the as necessary to enable the armed forces to I don’t see anybody here to object—ex- costs of the proposed contract to the Govern- fulfill the contingency plans prepared under cuse me, the Senator from Pennsylva- ment, both recurring and nonrecurring and the responsibility of the Chairman of the nia may, but we will start. S6028 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- individual taxpayers. It simply ignores By considering a time period in which the ator from Kentucky. them. They don’t count estate tax ben- capital gains provisions cause a short-term f efits at all. increase in revenue collections and the IRA The Republican claims about who provisions result in no significant net change PRINCIPLES FOR TAX gets the tax cuts ignore the fact that in revenue collections (the IRA provisions LEGISLATION lose only $33 million cumulatively in the many of the proposed tax cuts are years through 2002), the Joint Tax Commit- Mr. FORD. Mr. President, when we backloaded—meaning that the full im- tee’s distribution tables dramatically under- start debating tax legislation on the pact is not felt until well after the first state the benefits of the tax package to high- floor, I hope our debate will be gov- 5 years, and in some cases not until income taxpayers. erned by a few basic principles. Let me well after 10 years. This means they While the capital gains and IRA proposals state those questions which are most have essentially ignored not only the produce no net revenue loss in the years important to me personally. Each of impact of capital gains cuts, but also through 2002, the combined revenue loss from these questions needs a satisfactory these provisions is $51 billion from 2003 the backloaded IRA’s, and the phase-in through 2007, years the Joint Tax Committee answer. of estates taxes. distribution tables do not examine. The large Are the tax benefits spread evenly Mr. President, the Center on Budget cost of these provisions during this second across all income levels? and Policy Priorities has produced a five-year period stands in sharp contrast to Is the tax legislation consistent with more detailed analysis of the distribu- the $1 billion net gain in revenue from the the budget agreement? tion tables prepared by the Joint Com- capital gains and IRA provisions from 1998 to Does the tax package undermine a mittee on Taxation on the House tax 2002, years the Committee’s distribution ta- balanced budget after 10 years? bill. That analysis contains essentially bles do examine. We need answers which meet basic the same flaws as the Senate analysis. By 2007, the combined cost of the capital standards of fairness and sound public gains and IRA provisions exceeds $15 billion I ask unanimous consent that this doc- a year and is growing at a rate of nearly $3 policy. These are the standards I think ument, entitled ‘‘Joint Tax Committee billion a year. we should use to judge any tax bill that Distribution Tables Produce Mislead- If the Joint Tax Committee had examined comes to this floor. ing Results,’’ be printed in the RECORD. the capital gains and estate tax provisions Today, I would like to talk a little There being no objection, the mate- when they were fully in effect—and if it also more about the first concern I have rial was ordered to be printed in the had distributed the effects of the reductions mentioned how evenly the benefits of RECORD, as follows: in the estate and corporate alternative mini- mum taxes—the degree to which the tax ben- the proposed tax bills will fall across CENTER ON BUDGET AND POLICY PRIORITIES— efits of the Archer plan accrue to high-in- income levels. JOINT TAX COMMITTEE DISTRIBUTION TA- come taxpayers would be shown to be vastly BLES PRODUCE MISLEADING RESULTS A distribution table put out by the larger than the Joint Committee on Tax- Senate Finance Committee claims that TABLES FAIL TO ACCOUNT FOR ANY OF THE BEN- ation tables indicate. 74 percent of the tax benefits in the EFITS FROM THE TAX CUTS WORTH THE MOST Like the capital gains and IRA tax cuts, proposal pending before that Commit- TO HIGH-INCOME TAXPAYERS the estate tax provisions of the Archer plan tee go to those making under $75,000; 74 According to distribution tables the Joint are heavily backloaded. (The corporate alter- percent. That sounds pretty good. Committee on Taxation has prepared the tax native minimum tax provisions are the only cuts proposed by Rep. Bill Archer, chairman provisions principally benefitting high-in- On the other hand, our analysis of the House Ways and Means Committee, shows that 43 percent of the benefits go come taxpayers that are not heavily would concentrate their benefits among mid- backloaded.) to the wealthiest 10 percent, and two- dle-class Americans. This finding is sharply As a consequence of the backloading, the thirds of the benefits go to the top 20 at odds with the content of the legislation. four upper-income tax cut provisions ac- percent. Four of the largest tax cuts—the capital count for a growing proportion of the tax How can the two analysis be so dif- gains, Individual Retirement Account, es- package over time. Specifically, in 2003, the ferent? Well, let’s look at some of the tate, and corporate alternative minimum tax capital gains, IRA, estate and corporate al- differences. provisions—provide the large majority of ternative minimum tax provisions account their benefits to households with high in- for 30 percent of the gross cost of the tax First, the Republican claims about comes. who gets the tax cuts are based only on package. By 2005, they account for 35 percent The Joint Committee’s handling of these of the gross tax cuts in the tax package. By 5-year projections—before many of the four provisions is fundamentally flawed. In 2007, the figure is 42 percent. By about 2010, backloaded tax breaks are fully imple- effect, its distribution tables do not reflect the upper-income provisions, which con- mented. Our analysis looks at the tax any of the benefits that taxpayers would re- centrate the bulk of their benefits among a cuts when fully implemented. Let me ceive from the four provisions. small fraction of the population, would ac- repeat that. They cut their analysis off The Joint Tax Committee distribution ta- count for a majority of the gross tax cuts in bles ignore the effects of reductions in estate after 5 years, before many of the tax the package. and corporate taxes. The Joint Committee Furthermore, these percentage figures do breaks are fully implemented. You can did not examine the distributional effects of play a lot of games by cutting off the not reflect several other major tax cuts in these tax changes. the package that would confer a sizable The Joint Tax Committee distribution ta- analysis after 5 years. What happens share of their tax cut benefits on high-in- bles do consider the effects of the changes in after 10 years? Under the Republican come taxpayers—such as the provision weak- the capital gains tax and the IRA provisions. income distribution, they will never ening the individual alternative minimum The distribution tables, however, go only tell you. But why not? tax and the $10,000-a-year education tax de- through 2002. Because the capital gains tax duction, which includes no income limit on Our income distribution looks at cuts and the IRA provisions are heavily the taxpayers who can claim it. Eventually, these new tax breaks when they are backloaded, they do not result in net reduc- the Archer plan becomes a piece of legisla- fully implemented. What a difference it tions in revenue collections during the time tion whose predominant effect is to provide makes. Apparently the most period the Joint Tax Committee examined. upper-income tax relief and enlarge the (For example, taxpayers would not begin to backloaded tax breaks provide very lit- after-tax incomes of those in the wealthiest receive tax cuts from capital gains indexing tle benefit for low and middle income strata of society. until 2004). And because they do not result in workers. CHANGES IN JOINT TAX COMMITTEE Second, because the Republican net revenue reductions, the Joint Tax Com- mittee assumes these provisions produce no METHODOLOGY SKEW THE DISTRIBUTION TABLES claims are only based on 5 years, they net tax cut benefits in these years. Also of significance, the methodology the treat capital gains cut as hardly any In fact, the Joint Tax Committee esti- Joint Tax Committee has used in preparing tax cuts at all. In fact, the Republican mates that during the period through 2002, the distribution tables on the Archer plan analysis of the House tax package net capital gains tax payments would rise $1 differs in important ways from the meth- claims that the capital gains tax cut is billion due to the Archer capital gains tax odology the Joint Committee employed until actually a tax increase for upper in- provisions. In its distributions tables, the late 1994. come taxpayers during the first 5 Joint Tax Committee treats this $1 billion as Tax bills have been introduced on numer- years. Imagine that—a capital gains a tax increase, primarily on taxpayers at ous previous occasions that phase in the tax high income levels. As a result, under the cuts they contain. Accordingly, the Joint cut that counts as a tax increase. Joint Tax Committee tables, high-income Tax Committee had to address on many prior Third, the Republican claims about taxpayers appear to be the victims of a tax occasions the question of how to estimate who gets the tax cuts ignore the im- increase imposed by the Archer capital gains the distributional effects of tax provisions pact that estate tax cuts will have in tax cuts. whose full effects would not be felt for more June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6029 than five years. Until the end of the 103rd tables reflect the incongruous assumption pay a 7.65-percent payroll tax to fi- Congress, the Joint Tax Committee tradi- that the net effect of the Archer capital nance the Social Security Program. tionally addressed this issue by examining gains and IRA proposals on wealthy individ- They pay an additional 1.45 percent the distributional effects of the proposed tax uals is to saddle them with a tax increase. changes when the changes were fully in ef- payroll tax to finance the Medicare LEADING ANALYSTS REJECT NEW JOINT TAX Program. Social Security taxes are col- fect. This also is the approach most tax ana- METHODOLOGY ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF CAP- lected on the first dollar earned—up to lysts endorse and the approach the Treasury ITAL GAINS TAX BENEFITS Department continues to use. But the Joint $62,700. Medicare taxes are collected on Many of the leading analysts in the field Tax Committee did not use this approach in reject the new Joint Tax Committee method all earned income. analyzing the distributional effects of the as producing severe distortions in the dis- The majority of workers in this coun- Archer tax package. It thereby has signifi- tribution of the benefits that a capital gains cantly understated the effects of the try pay more in payroll taxes than tax cut produces. Among those rejecting the backloaded tax cuts in the Archer plan that they do in income taxes. So it is insult- primarily benefit high-income taxpayers. new Joint Tax Committee approach are: ing for many of these workers to hear The Joint Tax Committee also has changed Robert Reischauer, former director of the some around here talk about low in- Congressional Budget Office; Henry Aaron, its methodology in another key respect. The come workers as if they pay no taxes. capital gains and IRA provisions of the Ar- senior fellow at the Brookings Institution; and Jane Gravelle, the Congressional Re- You will actually hear some Members cher tax package are designed so they in- come to this floor and argue that lower crease tax collections in the period from 1998 search Service’s leading tax expert and ana- to 2002. This increase in collections does not lyst. In addition, several years ago Gravelle income workers do not get much of a reflect an increase in tax rates or a change co-authored an article on this matter with tax break because they do not pay in tax law under which previously exempt in- Lawrence Lindsey, a noted conservative many taxes. They will say lower in- come is made subject to taxation. Rather, economist who served until recently on the come workers do not get a full $500 per the increased collections reflect voluntary Federal Reserve Board and who supports a child tax credit because they do not capital gains tax cut. In their article, changes in behavior by taxpayers who choose pay enough in taxes. to make tax payments in the next five years Lindsey and Gravelle explicitly rejected the that they would have made in later years in methodology the Joint Tax Committee has This is just not true. A tax is a tax return for very generous tax cuts for years to now adopted. for most folks—whether they are in- come. As Aaron has observed, investors who re- come taxes or payroll taxes or estate For example, the Joint Tax Committee es- spond to a capital gains tax cut by selling taxes or something else. But by count- timates that the Archer capital gains provi- more assets are people who face one set of ing only income taxes and ignoring sions would produce a net increase in reve- opportunities under the current capital gains tax rates—and find it financially advan- payroll taxes, it means that upper in- nues in the years through 2002. In the first come taxpayers get more of the tax two years, these provisions would raise reve- tageous not to make additional asset sales— nues because some investors would decide to but face a more generous set of opportunities breaks, while lower and middle income take advantage of the new, lower capital when capital gains tax rates are reduced and workers get less. gains tax rate to sell more assets than they choose to follow a different course. ‘‘Since So we have to do better. they have the option of doing what they did otherwise would have sold in those years. Now, we will also hear that the top 10 The increased tax collections that result before (i.e., not selling additional assets), but from the sale of an increased volume of as- the new, more favorable tax rates induce or 20 percent get most of the tax bene- sets in these two years do not represent a tax them to do something else, they must be bet- fit because they generate most of the increase the government has required inves- ter off,’’ Aaron explains. ‘‘It is logically ab- income. Well, let’s put that in perspec- tors to pay. To the contrary, the increase in surd to count them as worse off in any way tive as well. According to the Congres- tax collections would occur because some in- whatsoever.’’ sional Budget Office, in 1994 the vestors would elect to sell in the next two Aaron’s view is supported by an article wealthiest 20 percent of families made years some assets they otherwise would have Gravelle and Lindsey co-authored in 1988 be- fore Lindsey joined the Fed. In the article about 48.1 percent of family income in sold at a later date. The investors would sell this country. Yet under the Senate Fi- these assets because they concluded it was in they stated: their interest to do so. ‘‘* * * suppose a reduction in the capital nance Committee bill, they get 67 per- Similarly, the capital gains indexing pro- gains tax rate led to substantially more cap- cent of the tax breaks. posal offers investors the option of paying ital gains realizations [i.e., more sales of as- Or let me put it another way—from a capital gains tax in 2001 and 2002 on the in- sets] and actually increased the tax revenue middle class perspective. Again accord- crease in the value of various assets they paid by upper-income groups. * * * it would be totally inappropriate to say that their tax ing to CBO, in 1994 the bottom 60 per- hold between the time the assets were pur- cent of families made 27.3 percent of chased and January 1, 2001, in return for burden had increased. After all, with a lower large capital gains tax cuts when they sell tax rate, these upper-income taxpayers are the income. Yet under the Senate Fi- these assets in later years. Because this of- less burdened than they were before, even nance Committee bill, they get only 12 fers such a sweet deal to investors, many though they pay more taxes.’’ 1 percent of the tax benefit. So I think would use it. They would pay capital gains In addition, in a more recent analysis ex- we are a little out of balance. When the taxes in 2001 and 2002 that they would other- amining the new Joint Tax Committee meth- bill reaches the floor, I hope we can do wise have paid in future years when the as- odology, Gravelle notes that the standard better. I hope we can make it a little methodology, if anything, understates the sets are actually sold, and they would reap more fair. It is the least we can do. large tax cut benefits as a result. Here, too, benefits that investors would secure from a the additional revenue collections in 2001 and capital gains tax cut because it does not re- Last, Mr. President, when we talk 2002 do not represent tax increases the gov- flect the tax benefits they would receive about the fairness of this package, we ernment has imposed on these individuals. when they voluntarily sell more assets to need to talk about how the revenue To the contrary, these investors are securing take advantage of a lower capital gains tax raisers in the Senate Finance Commit- large tax cuts for themselves. rate. She also observes that economists gen- tee tax package affect different income erally would reject the new methodology. The Archer IRA proposals also have this groups. characteristic. They are engineered so tax- Mr. FORD. Mr. President, let’s not Last night, the Finance Committee payers can opt to pay taxes during 1999 cook the books. Let’s have a straight- voted to increase excise taxes on ciga- through 2002 that they otherwise would pay forward debate about who is getting in future years in return for very generous rettes by 20 cents per pack. I under- the tax breaks that have been pro- tax breaks for years to come. Here, also, tax- stand that it’s politically correct to at- posed, and whether we can do better. payers would choose to accelerate some tax tack the tobacco industry. And we’re We hear a lot about income tax, but payments into the next several years be- going to see plenty of piling on over cause it would be in their interest to do so. what about payroll tax? the next few months regarding tobacco. Under the traditional methodology the Let’s not ignore payroll taxes when Joint Tax Committee used in the past, these we talk about who is carrying the tax But let’s talk for a minute about how accelerated tax payments that individuals burden today. Workers in this country this cigarette tax affects various in- would elect to make in the next few years, in come groups. It’s well documented that return for large future tax breaks, would not 1 This quote is from Jane G. Gravelle and Law- cigarette excise taxes are the most re- be treated as tax increases imposed upon gressive of all taxes—meaning they hit these individuals. Under the new methodol- rence B. Lindsey, ‘‘Capital Gains,’’ Tax Notes, Janu- ary 25, 1988, p. 399. Gravelle included this quote in ogy it adopted in late 1994, however, the poor folks a lot harder than they hit Jane G. Gravelle, ‘‘Distributional Effects of Tax upper income folks. According to a 1997 Joint Tax Committee treats these additional Provisions in the Contract with America as reported revenue collections as tax increases. As a re- by the Ways and Means Committee,’’ CRS Report for KPMG Peat Marwick study, U.S. fami- sult, the Joint Tax Committee’s distribution Congress, April 3, 1995. lies earning about $30,000 or less earned S6030 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997 about 16 percent of all income gen- cause it is primarily a tax on low in- sette. Sweat shirts are very popular erated, but paid 47 percent of all to- come individuals. So not only do low these days. This one says, for those bacco taxes. Let me say it again. Fami- income folks get virtually none of the who might not be able to read it on C- lies earning less than $30,000 pay 47 per- tax breaks—but they will now get a tax SPAN2: ‘‘Our Homes, Not Nursing cent of all cigarette excise taxes. increase. Homes.’’ Underneath the logo is The changes in the tax bill made last I hope my colleagues who claim great ‘‘ADAPT,’’ which is Americans Dis- night will make the disparity among concern for low income people will abled Attendant Programs Today. poor families even greater. keep this in mind as they prepare to They are a very courageous group. On average, low income persons pay vote on the tax reconciliation bill. As They are principally in wheelchairs, 15 times more in tobacco taxes than for this Senator, I think a bad bill was with very, very substantial disabilities, upper income individuals. made worse by the Finance Committee struggling to live independent lives and And what was this tax increase on last night, and it is simply not a pack- doing a great job at it. What they want low income people going to be used for? age I can support in its current form. is the flexibility to be able to live at To accelerate the increase in estate tax I yield the floor. home and to have home services. relief, which goes primarily to upper Mr. SPECTER addressed the Chair. I think this is another area where income individuals. This is a reverse- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Medicaid ought to have a little flexibil- Robin Hood amendment. We are taxing ator from Pennsylvania. ity, understanding the needs of people. the poor to help the wealthy. f One way or another, Mr. President, we The amendment will also reportedly intend to get there and reasonably AMERICANS DISABLED FOR be used to provide $8 billion in addi- soon. ATTENDANT PROGRAMS TODAY tional spending for health insurance. (The remarks of Mr. SPECTER per- Just a couple of weeks ago we heard Mr. SPECTER. Mr. President, I have taining to the introduction of S. 943 are how this would violate the budget sought recognition today to discuss located in today’s RECORD under agreement. We voted 55 to 45 against programs proposed by the Americans ‘‘Statements on Introduced Bills and an amendment that would raise taxes Disabled for Attendant Programs Joint Resolutions.’’) in order to raise spending on health in- Today, a group known as ADAPT, that (The remarks of Mr. SPECTER per- surance. Phone calls were made to the is working to help people who are dis- taining to the introduction of Senate President of the United States to tell abled live normal lives. Concurrent Resolution 34 are located in him how this would violate the budget There is a curious provision in the today’s RECORD under ‘‘Submissions of agreement and how he better announce Medicaid laws, one of many curious Concurrent and Senate Resolutions.’’) he was opposed to the amendment. Yet provisions in the Medicaid laws, which Mr. SPECTER. I thank the Chair. I last night, some of the very same Sen- does not permit people to live at home note the absence of any other Senator ators who made those arguments on in community-based settings as op- seeking recognition and suggest the ab- the floor a few weeks ago apparently posed to being in nursing homes. I have sence of a quorum. voted in favor of a very similar amend- sought to persuade the Secretary of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ment. How could it violate the budget Health and Human Services to change clerk will call the roll. agreement a few weeks ago and not that program with a letter which I The assistant legislative clerk pro- now? wrote to her on February 28, 1997, ceeded to call the roll. Last, Mr. President, the timing of pointing out that ‘‘it has been brought Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, I this tax increase is most interesting. to my attention that considerable sav- ask unanimous consent that the order Later today we may hear an announce- ings to the Medicaid Program could be for the quorum call be rescinded. ment of a ‘‘global settlement’’ of to- achieved by redirecting long-term care The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. bacco litigation. The agreement will funding toward community-based at- ENZI). Without objection, it is so or- require congressional action. As I un- tendant services, and by requiring dered. derstand it, this agreement completely States to develop attendant service Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, I fails to address the interests of tobacco programs meeting national standards ask unanimous consent in the period of farmers and factory workers, nearly all to assure that all people with disabil- morning business, the following Sen- of whom are low to moderate income ities have full access to such services ators be permitted to speak for up to workers. But we will have that debate and can live at home.’’ the following periods of time: Senator on another day. When the Secretary came for a hear- MURKOWSKI, 30 minutes, and Senator What is interesting today, however, ing, the question was propounded and COVERDELL or his designee for up to 60 is the impact of that agreement on all the response has been that ‘‘HHS is minutes from the hour of 2 o’clock to 3 these proposed cigarette tax increases. currently considering such programs as o’clock. The tobacco settlement, if imple- a policy option but has not yet put The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without mented, will have an immediate im- them into effect. The Robert Wood objection, it is so ordered. pact on prices, raising the price of a Johnson Foundation is funding a dem- f pack of cigarettes by somewhere in the onstration program that will be oper- neighborhood of a dollar. This, of ational next year, and the Department TAX RELIEF course, will depress consumption— is looking toward the results of that Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, we which in turn will reduce revenues by program before acting.’’ are in the midst of a great deal of his- about 20 to 25 percent, or maybe even It is my thought, Mr. President, that tory in the 105th Congress. As most higher. So any proposals in the rec- there is a clear-cut need for this kind people now realize early out, the Con- onciliation bill to raise revenues by of a program to be put into effect gress, the leadership of the Congress raising cigarette taxes will prove to be forthwith, and if the Department of and the President of the United States overly optimistic as soon as any global Health and Human Services does not do and his administration reached an settlement is implemented. This means so, then it may be necessary to enact agreement that they would work to- less revenue will actually be raised, legislation which would require the De- gether to produce, finally, after well and our deficit problems will be partment to act in that way. In the over a decade, tax relief, and that we worse—particularly in the out years. meantime, the appropriations sub- would produce by the year 2002 a bal- So there is a great ripple effect as work committee, which I chair, has in- anced budget which would, of course, here if these tax increase proposals creased the funding for the independent by definition, produce constrained succeed. living program by some $2.1 million for spending, and that we would take steps But last, Mr. President, let me return a $74.6 million allocation this year. to protect the solvency of Medicare at to my initial point. The tax package I had occasion earlier this year to least for upward to a decade, and begin considered by the Finance Committee visit a group of people who are living to reduce spending in order to reach benefits upper income individuals too at home and told them that I would these balanced budget goals. heavily. The cigarette tax adopted last display on the Senate floor their sweat By and large, I believe the American night makes matters even worse, be- shirts and send to them a video cas- people are pleased with the concept of June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6031 this agreement. I suspect that not all toed the balanced budget, and he ve- to help parents meet the needs of chil- of them realize that was only one step toed all the constraints that were rep- dren and teenagers because parents can in a 1,000-mile journey, and that once resented in the balanced budget. Now, decide their children’s needs better those basic parameters had been estab- even though it was vetoed, it was a his- than Washington bureaucrats. lished then you had to begin the busi- toric achievement because it was the We are leaving the money in their ness of having the committees of juris- first time in over 30 years that a Con- checking account, not dragging it up diction produce the actual legislation gress proved that it could, indeed, mus- here and then micromanaging it as to that would produce this effect. ter the courage and the muscle to pass what is important in that family. Obvi- Mr. President, this has been a long a balanced budget and at the same ously, it is for the parents of these goal of the Republican majority of this time lower working families’ taxes. children. We make it easier in this tax Congress that came here in 1994, to But it was vetoed. relief for parents to afford their chil- produce balanced budgets and to Now we have two major events that dren’s higher education by building on produce tax relief for America’s fami- have occurred here—in 1993, taxes were the President’s Hope education pro- lies and workers that we believe are raised to historical levels; in 1995, the posal and improving it. We make it under the most severe economic pres- Congress tries to refund that and the easier for parents to save and to invest sure in contemporary history. They are President vetoes it. for their own future by expanding paying more taxes. An average family We have another election. The Presi- IRA’s and including a homemaker IRA is paying higher taxes today than at dent is reelected and he is reelected that will help either mothers at home any time in contemporary history. under the theme: The era of big Gov- or working mothers. This agreement comes in the context ernment is over; the era of big Govern- This is a plan for the grandparents in of a longstanding battle between this ment is over. The Congress is reelected their retirement years. Those who have Congress and the President. I am going in the House and the Senate, the Con- worked hard and played by the rules to take just a moment or two to re- gress that was committed to balanced and saved for retirement should be re- mind us of the general milestones in budgets and tax relief. The leadership warded, not punished, as is the current that battle. In 1992, 5 years ago, when of this Congress and the newly elected law. Some say, on the other side of the the President was first seeking elec- President, for his second term, decided aisle, you are rich—which is often tion, he promised the American people, to sit down, and they had historical characterized in an uncomplimentary particularly the middle class, that he meetings, both in the Capitol and at fashion. I am also often amused by would lower their taxes, that if he were the White House, and they announced a what is considered wealthy, and you do elected President, he was going to re- historical agreement that both will not have to have much to be targeted duce the economic tax pressure on mid- work for a balanced budget, for tax re- as being a wealthy person in America dle-class America. In August of 1993, in lief and constrained spending. around this Washington establishment. On the other side of the aisle they say his first year of the Presidency, that Last night, the Senate Finance Com- you are rich if you put money into mu- promise to lower taxes became, in re- mittee passed to the full floor of the tual funds or contributed to a company ality, the largest tax increase in Amer- Senate a proposal that honors the retirement plan or built a small busi- ican history. I repeat, the promise to agreement for tax relief in the range of ness with your own sweat and labor, or lower taxes was fulfilled by raising $135 billion. That tax relief is not run your own farm. An average farmer taxes to the highest level in American enough, but keep in mind it is an would be categorized as rich, according history. agreement between an institution—the Then came the elections of 1994 and White House is not all that enamored to the other side of the aisle. More than half of all taxpayers the American public said, ‘‘Now, wait a with tax relief per the discussion we claiming capital gains have incomes minute here. We were told we were just had—and a Congress that would under $50,000. I want to repeat that. going to have tax relief, and our tax like it to be substantially more. At the More than half of all taxpayers who end of the day, the proposal that will bill has gone up. We were told that claim capital gains have incomes of be coming to the Senate floor will be American Government would shrink, less than $50,000, and most, or many, about a refund equivalent of about 40 and we just witnessed the single larg- are seniors who live a better life by percent of that tax increase that was est proposal to enlarge the Federal converting their lifelong investments. put in place by the President in 1993. Government in American history.’’ Over the years, as we have heard argu- So we had the largest tax increase, So it is very meaningful and very sig- ment after argument against lowering which passed by one vote—that of the nificant. the tax on capital gains, we have heard Just to remind the American public— Vice President, seated in the very chair time and time again that that is just no one can see this chart, but it goes that the Presiding Officer occupies something for wealthy people; that is from 1950 to 1997, and you can see the right now, and that was followed by a just something for rich people. suggestion that we should expand the trend. The percentage of the Nation’s I repeat: More than half of all who Federal Government to take over every wealth consumed by taxes has gone claim capital gains earn less than aspect of health care, which was nar- from 23.4 to almost 32 percent—up, up, $50,000 a year. rowly defeated. up, and up. Mr. President, I have noted the arriv- So in 1994, the American public sent This proposal that we will have com- al of the distinguished chairman of the new leadership to the Congress, and ing before us is the first in well over a Senate Budget Committee, who has they turned the Congress over after decade that would significantly lower played just a massive role in these three decades of dominance by the that burden. A little later on in my re- agreements and has been following the other party, and they elected a new marks I will talk further about the details of their fulfillment in great de- majority. condition of the average family, but we tail. I yield up to 15 minutes of our The new Congress, Mr. President, de- will take a moment and talk about time—unless he needs more—to the dis- signed a balanced budget, reduced the some of the details of this tax relief. tinguished Senator from New Mexico. size of the Federal Government, re- First of all, Mr. President, it is for The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- duced Federal spending, and offered to kids. This is tax relief for children. The ator from New Mexico is recognized. lower taxes by the equivalent amount $500 per child tax credit will help par- Mr. DOMENICI. First, I compliment of money that the President had raised ents—that is per child—will help par- Senator COVERDELL, so soon after com- taxes. He raised taxes in 1993 by about ents meet the needs of children and pletion of the tax package and deficit $250 billion, and the new Congress came teenagers. We figure teenagers prob- reduction package, for him being on in and lowered taxes by $245 billion. So ably have the highest economic impact the floor encouraging Senators to what it in effect was was a refund of on the family than even the real little evaluate it and to speak out. I think it that galloping tax increase that hit the ones, and that is the difference between is fair to say that no one has had an op- American public in 1993. us and the President. The President’s portunity to review, in detail, the tax That went to the President and the proposal does not include tax relief for bill that was written last night. Some- President took his pen and struck it teenagers, but we do and this proposal times people confuse the Budget Com- down. He vetoed the tax relief, he ve- does. So it is a $500 per child tax credit mittee with the Finance Committee. S6032 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997 The Finance Committee is the tax- So while this bill is finally and firm- to work, even though you are not mak- writing committee. It has a lot of addi- ly tax relief for middle-class families, ing a lot of money. We want to discour- tional jurisdiction, including Medicare it does include some relief from capital age you from going on welfare by giv- and Medicaid in the Senate. The Budg- gains taxes, and for people with a ing you this earned-income tax credit. et Committee does not write the laws. home. It gives them a very generous So it is for working adults who are not It writes the budget resolution. But we $500,000 exclusion from capital gains earning enough in the eyes of Congress try our best to keep abreast of what is tax for people who sell their house. But and past Presidents, and so we give going on. it also provides some capital gains re- them that earned-income tax credit. The reconciliation bills will be up lief for many millions of Americans When you look at the rest of this next week, and there are some very who sell an asset, be it a few shares of bill—at least the major components— technical rules about these bills. We stock, a piece of real estate, a family the cost of a college education has in- will be careful to advise everyone on lot that they inherited from their par- creased 234 percent since 1980. The bill how to apply those technical rules and ents, or stock on the stock market. helps families save for college, helps the way that is best to get the issues And we have not gone wild with ref- students pay for college and pay back framed in the Senate and get the votes erence to this capital gains tax. It is a certain loans, helps employers pay for proceeding. pretty reasonable one, considering that their employee’s education, which Today, I want to indicate that the we don’t have an awful lot of money to many of us have thought for a long package of tax cuts that the Finance spend. time is a very prudent thing to do. If Committee passed last night, from this Obviously, no matter what is done you need more education in this soci- Senator’s standpoint, is a very exciting with reference to death taxes, there ety for better jobs and for the transi- package. In the Finance Committee will be some who complain that you tion required in today’s job market, if package, approximately 82 percent of ought not change death taxes, even an employer wants to pay for it, we the tax relief is made up of a family though we haven’t changed the basic don’t understand why the employer tax cut that we Republicans have been exemption for many, many years. should not be able to deduct that and promoting for almost 5 years, and edu- While inflation has built up, we have why the employer should be paying for cation assistance priorities, which we left it just like it was, and now mil- that as if they earned money. So we all share. Let me repeat that we are lions of Americans—not a few hundred are fixing that, to some extent. It in- going to hear a lot about some of the thousand—are looking out there saying cludes tax relief for education assist- other tax proposals in this bill. But our that 50 to 55 percent of what they have ance provided by the employer side, American citizens ought to understand accumulated on death is going to go to which I have just alluded to, and it that out of every dollar in tax reduc- the Federal Government. We don’t helps employees maintain what many tions in this bill, no matter what is think that is exactly right—most of think is a new characteristic of Amer- said about the remainder of the pack- us—on our side. We think there ought ican society, which is maintaining a age, 82 percent of the tax relief is made to be much more concern about the en- lifelong learning opportunity. up of the $500 child credit and edu- ergizing of society and this economy It provides capital gains to help peo- cation assistance in this bill. that comes with people who work hard ple generate more incentive to invest It represents the biggest tax cut in 16 because they want to accumulate in U.S. companies that provide jobs years. wealth. We don’t want to take that and help grow this economy. One of the Now, some complain that it is not big away by making the death tax so oner- interesting things is that people can be enough. The American people should ous. We haven’t been able to change it in favor of jobs, but oftentimes it is know that, in our efforts to get a bal- very much in this bill, but there is very difficult to make the case that anced budget put together, this is not a some improvement. It will take 10 there are a lot of ways to create jobs, huge tax cut. In the first 5 years, it is years to be fully implemented. Frank- and they are not singularly—in fact, around $85 billion. To put that into ly, we will hear some more about that, the worst way in terms of cost effec- perspective, we spend about $1.6 billion too. It is obvious that it is easy to talk tiveness is for the Government to pro- every year. Our gross domestic prod- about that as if it were something bad vide programs that create jobs. We do uct, the sum of all input into the econ- for us to try to give some relief to that sometimes. In fact, in the bill be- omy, is well over $5 trillion, moving to- these kinds of Americans who worked fore us, we are going to have a $3 bil- ward $6 trillion. So this is a tax cut hard to build a business up, who have lion, 5-year program on welfare jobs. that permits us to do some good things been smart and accurate on how they Frankly, we agreed to it. I have very for the American taxpayers, and I re- have done things. We are going to give slim hope this initiative will succeed. peat that approximately 82 percent of them some tax relief. It is a small por- But we agreed on some things that I the package goes to families that are tion of this package. It is something we did not believe in and this was one of raising children; they get a tax cut of want to do. I am sure there are many them. $500. We call it this fancy name, ‘‘tax Democrats that want to do this also, When you invest in capital formation credit.’’ But, essentially, a tax credit and I am quite sure something like the and help American companies grow, means that if you owed $5,000 in in- death tax relief in this bill is going to they can build new modern plants, in- come taxes, you can take $500 off of become law. stall efficient technology, you, as an that $5,000. There is no other way to Now, let me repeat, this bill provides investor and a citizen, are deserving of say it than it is a tax cut. Most of it is a $500 tax credit per child, beginning an accolade that you are helping create for working men and women in Amer- the day the child is born. By making jobs. And so a capital gains tax cut ica who are not particularly wealthy. changes in the order that the earned- should recognize that jobs were created We are never going to be able to income tax credit and new child credit and the country benefited from the in- produce a tax cut package that some are taken, the Finance package adds vesting and risk taking that the inves- Senators—particularly on the other about 900,000 more children who will be tor was willing to take. side of the aisle—are not going to moan eligible for this tax relief than the Actually, the capital gains provisions about. They are going to moan that it House version of this bill. I believe that are pretty good. Last night the com- goes to the wrong people. Well, some of this change that we now have a bill mittee partially corrected the dis- them don’t want a tax cut at all. Some that we will not be accused of being un- crimination against real estate—real just have to find something to make fair to a very large part of the working estate that is depreciable, whether it is sure that the poor in the country be- people in the country. a building, whether it is an office stor- lieve that the other party is serving The earned-income tax credit—al- age, or an office building, we came very the poor better than we are. That is though it has been dramatically in- close to mistreating those investments. just too bad, because it is obvious in creased—was a Republican idea, inci- Thanks to some amendments last this American society, to most people dentally, for those who wonder. Ronald night, it is getting closer to at least a that look at our economic situation, Reagan was a staunch supporter of say- reasonable treatment of the gain that that we ought to be doing more on the ing to those who want to work for a comes when you sell that kind of an capital formation side of this equation. living that we want to encourage you asset. It won’t be the same as the other June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6033 asset sales, be it stock equity or your So, if you want to know what the doesn’t set well with some States—but home, or other things, but we are mov- House bill has done in terms of the citi- I think the cigarette tax portion of it ing in the right direction. zens of your sovereign States, you can was inevitable. We could see that com- So I am pleased that the Senate bill get that. It looks to me from what I ing. And I think the committee took 20 treats capital gains investment on real can discern in terms of my State of cents instead of 43 cents, which was estate better than the House bill. I New Mexico that the tax relief num- proposed by Senator KENNEDY and Sen- hope we keep that. It lowers the recap- bers attributable to the people of my ator HATCH, or Senator HATCH and Sen- ture rate to 24 percent. I actually be- State from the Ways and Means bill are ator KENNEDY. And then it used that lieve that, in due course, it ought to be worthy of stating because I think the money for very good purposes, I think, the same as the overall capital gains final package will result in bigger tax of the bill. It spent some. And that is rate. I know my friend from Georgia cuts for New Mexicans. I think the why many would like it all to have agrees with that. You only have so Senate Finance package will result in gone for tax cuts. much money to go around and you bigger tax cuts than the Ways and But, you know, the bill came out can’t do everything. Means package. So I will be able to say with total bipartisan support. And I am Now, I understand that one of the to New Mexicans that we are going to not sure we need total bipartisan sup- things we have problems with in our do at least this and probably better. port on every major measure as it goes country—and I don’t stand here saying Let me just recite to show how im- through the Senate. But I believe we that the IRA’s in this bill are going to portant it is to a small State like started this budget exercise with a solve it. But America is now becoming mine. New Mexicans will save $388 mil- strong suggestion that we might get known, worldwide, as the country that lion over 5 years because of the child the package adopted. Frankly, that doesn’t save. We love to spend, but we credit in the House bill. New Mexicans was because we recognized that the don’t like to save. We are very fortu- will have $388 million of their own President was not of our party and that nate that, for the last 15 or 20 years, or money to spend on their families as a we had to work with Democrats here in so, our credit has been so great, and result of this tax package. We are an effort to get something that the our economy so stable, and the country doing a little better under the Senate President would sign. There is no use so stable, that a lot of foreign money version. going through another process as in flows into America to pay our debts. It is common knowledge that, if you 1993 where Democrats just passed a But essentially, so long as we run big look at New Mexico you discover that huge tax increase or 1995 where just deficits—and hopefully we are putting we have a lot of children in the fami- Republicans voted for an enormous tax a stop to that—and so long as the lies of the working poor. So I would as- reduction plan with reforms in every American people do not save otherwise, sume for the working people who pay area only to find that it would get ve- we are still going to be the world’s taxes that my State will get a higher toed. largest borrower and the world’s worst benefit as a result of the ways the Fi- The reality of it is—and Republicans saver; that is, as a people and as busi- nance Committee ‘‘stacked’’ the earned are beginning to understand—that we ness and as Government goes. income and new child credit. That is a have a President who is not of our On the other hand, we are moving in party. He is the President. If we want the right direction. I for one think that pretty good chunk of money that will stay in New Mexico rather than coming to make a point, we can make a point. we ought to have universally IRA’s. When we want to get something done, But we are not going to get there until to Washington because of the $500 cred- it. That makes it kind of understand- it is pretty obvious that we have to we totally reform the Tax Code. But have him as a part in getting it done as there are some powerful IRA provisions able. Mr. President, $338 million-plus will never leave our taxpayers’ pockets a team. in this package. I am not sure that all So I am hopeful. We are moving in in New Mexico and come to Washing- of them will stay through conference, that direction. and I am not sure that some won’t be ton. It will stay there. I thank the Senator for arranging the Mr. President, New Mexicans will attacked here on the floor. But, none- time. theless, the idea of doing something to also save $229 million in additional dol- I yield the floor. encourage savings by middle-income lars of their own money to spend on Mr. COVERDELL addressed the Americans instead of just those who education for their children. Chair. There are a couple of glitches in the are at the top of the ladder is very ex- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- bill. There will be a big debate about citing to me. Countries with the high- ator from Georgia. should there be an IRA for education est saving rates are moving in the di- Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, I rection of greatest economic growth. after the 13th year or 14th year. But thank the Senator from New Mexico Greater economic growth translates when it is all taken into account the for, as usual, his eloquent description into better jobs, bigger paychecks and House bill has $229 million that will of this proposal. higher standards of living. For the stay with New Mexico families to use I would make one comment. And higher the savings rate—Japan has a on education that they would other- then I am going to yield to the distin- high savings rate—some people say, wise send to Washington for us to de- guished Senator from Utah. ‘‘Well, they don’t do it voluntarily.’’ It termine how to spend it. And, obvi- When you talk about savings, in my is almost mandated by their govern- ously, we are very convinced on this judgment, the force that has more to ment. But at least they do, and the side of the aisle that both the child do with destroying savings is Uncle government almost tells them how credit, the education-type deductibles, Sam. When something marches much of their paycheck has to go into and the like are better determined through an average person’s checking savings. there in my home State—and the Sen- account and takes over half, as they do Some of the other countries in the ator’s State of Georgia by his people, today—a 45-percent tax is the cost of Pacific rim have great savings pros- and our people. So as much of that as Government, and higher interest rates pects for their people. We have to do we can leave there the better we feel because of the deficit—there isn’t any- better. And we will be doing better, if and the better we think the lives of our thing left to save in an average family. this bill becomes law. people will be. You can look at every data and see ex- I alluded earlier to the death tax, and So while this bill has a road ahead of actly what has happened as we ratchet I am not going to say much more about it that may be thorny and may be con- up the amount that the Government that. tentious—I am not speaking only of takes out of that checking account. We But I do want to comment that I the tax bill—I believe it is not too soon closed savings accounts all over the wish today I could tell people of New to come here and say, ‘‘Well, this is country. Until we start moving re- Mexico—and I wish everybody could what I am going to try.’’ There will be sources, as the Senator described, for know in their States—the exact impact some additional spending money on New Mexico back into their savings ac- of this tax bill on their States and child health care. And I know that. I counts, we are never going to have their constituents. I understand, how- have an open mind. I want to hear the them open savings accounts. ever, that the Tax Foundation has done committee talk about it and report on Mr. DOMENICI. The Senator should that for the House bill. it. I am of the opinion—and I know it also add that as the deficit turns into S6034 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997 debt—that is the accumulation of the . . . with the stock market setting new Why is this important? Because the deficit, the debt—you have to go out records, the timing is a bit off. capital gains tax is a tax on movement and borrow that money. And essen- It’s hard to argue with a straight face that of accumulated wealth. It is not a tax the prospect of paying capital gains tax is tially that is not saving. To the extent deterring much productive investment. on the wealth itself, it is only a tax that you have to go borrow the money, that is levied when there is a move- Again, another drumbeat along the you have to get it from somewhere. idea that cutting the capital gains tax ment of that wealth from one entity to And our biggest activity for not saving is really nothing more than a way of another; or, in our circumstance, from has been the deficit. It gobbles it up, putting more money into the pockets one individual to another, one private and it isn’t available. It is used for of the rich—that it will not increase in- corporation to another private corpora- that, if nothing else, plus the fact that vestment, that it will not increase sav- tion. I now give you the second great truth high taxes prevent you from being able ings. Those who say that it will are ig- that applies in the marketplace. All to have any left over, which is your noring the economic evidence. And wealth comes from risk-taking. If premise here today. We are not in the these economists make this case over greatest shape in just that one area. and over again. I submit to you, Mr. someone is not willing to take a risk The economy looks pretty good. It President, that they are shooting at a and invest his or her accumulated looks like we are moving in the right straw man. Either they do not under- wealth in that factory or that machine direction in how we treat our American stand the impact of capital gains taxes tool or that plow, with no guarantees business. It seems like they have a lit- in the economy, or they don’t want us that the investment is going to pay off, tle more freedom than European com- to know what capital gains taxes really the wealth that comes from the factory panies. We find that they do better for do to the economy because I am not or the machine tool or the plow will us and better for workers that way. going to stand here and argue with never be there. So these two principles That is better than most countries. But Professor Blinder on his turf. I want to guide what we are doing: All wealth saving is still something that we are take him to my turf, which is the mar- comes from accumulated capital and working very hard on. If we can get the ketplace. I want to take him to the all wealth comes from risk-taking. deficit down to zero, we are surely marketplace where real people make So, what happens when a private in- moving in the direction of putting real economic decisions in real life, and dividual or corporation accumulates more savings into the total pot of sav- not the classroom where people argue some wealth, accumulates some cap- ings for growth, prosperity, and other about it. ital, takes some risk and creates some uses. Let’s start out with a little bit of wealth, and then decides to move that I yield the floor. classroom conversation, however, to from one investment to another? The Mr. COVERDELL. I thank the Sen- set the context for this. I submit to Government steps in and says we will ator from New Mexico. you this truth, Mr. President: All tax that movement. That is what the I yield up to 10 or 12 minutes to the wealth comes from accumulated cap- capital gains tax is all about. We will Senator from Utah, or, if he needs 15, I ital. tax the movement of accumulated cap- will yield that as well. If someone somewhere does not stop ital from one investment to another. Mr. BENNETT. I thank the Senator spending everything he creates in the This is what happens—real example, from Georgia. way of product and saves some of it, real world, not classroom stuff now. I The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- accumulates some of it, there will will give you an example of a friend of ator from Utah. never be any wealth. Out of accumu- mine who invested at great risk in a Mr. BENNETT. Mr. President, I have lated capital comes factories. Out of new venture. He is that kind of fellow. come here because I have seen a series accumulated capital comes machine He is an entrepreneur. He takes risks. of articles that have appeared in the tools. Out of accumulated capital I’ll keep the numbers very simple. Ob- newspapers. I am not a believer in a comes the infrastructure that then pro- viously there are more accounting de- conspiracy theory. But I think there is duces more wealth. tails to this, but the illustration is ac- a movement afoot to give us a steady The argument in society in the last curate. He made, let us say, $100,000, drumbeat of repetition of a particular century or so has not been over that and to keep it simple let’s rule out the theme coming out of those who are op- truth. It has been over the question of tax base. Let’s say he has a cost of posed to any kind of tax relief. And I who should own the accumulated zero. In fact it was not that, but a gain picked two examples to show what this wealth. of $100,000. drumbeat is. Karl Marx, and others, said that soci- So now he has $100,000 of accumu- The first one appeared in the Wash- ety as a whole should accumulate lated wealth, but what has happened to ington Post, written by Alan Blinder. wealth but that individuals should not. his investment? Over the years that it Alan Blinder, Mr. President, used to be We have already seen one society give has grown from zero to $100,000, it has the Vice Chairman of the Federal Re- us an example of what happens when become what we call a mature invest- serve Board. He is now a professor of society holds all of the accumulated ment. That is, it is now earning 10 per- economics at Princeton. wealth and does not allow individual cent a year and that’s about the pros- He starts his presentation this way: property accumulation. That example pect for this investment from now on. I have always opposed cutting the capital was called the Soviet Union, and it is And this guy, because he is an entre- gains tax, and still do. The case is simple and the premier economic basket case of preneur, is restless with a 10 percent compelling. No one has yet produced evi- this century. It has wreaked absolute return. He wants to take some bigger dence that lower capital gains taxes will lead havoc in the lives of all of its people. risks and do some other things with his to higher savings and investment; claims that they are just hunches. But we do know Still the notion that society should money. He sees an opportunity over that a lower capital gains tax will shift some own accumulated wealth has some cur- here that will produce him a 20 percent of the tax burden from the haves to the have- rency in the world, and there are those return. Yes, it has a risk. He is willing nots just when income disparities are at who call themselves Socialists based to take the risk. He is willing to move postwar highs. on their notion that society should his accumulated capital from company Then he goes on to say how terrible own everything and that the wealth A to company B. And the Feds step in the capital gains tax rate is and la- should be accumulated by society. We and say, ‘‘We want 28 percent of that, ments the fact that he and others like have a different notion in this country. or $28,000.’’ And the States, of course, him have lost the debate. We go back to the writings of Adam follow right along. He is going to end A few days later Robert Kuttner Smith, who coincidentally wrote his up, moving his capital from company A wrote the following, again in the Wash- book, ‘‘The Wealth Of Nations’’ in 1776, to company B, with $65,000 worth of ac- ington Post. I would tell you who Rob- which was a good year for this country: cumulated capital instead of $100,000. ert Kuttner is, if I knew. But I am not The wealth should be held in private Now, if he earns a 20 percent return as familiar with him as I am Alan hands, that when private people accu- on $65,000, for 3 years he will not even Blinder. mulate wealth, they do better things break even, back up to his $100,000 He says, referring to capital gains with it than when society as a whole where he was. And the $100,000, if he tax: accumulates wealth. had left it alone, would have earned an June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6035 additional $30,000. He has to earn a 20 that I will not make that money avail- ital. The capital gains tax is a tax on percent return on his $65,000 invest- able to you.’’ I have personally seen that process. The capital gains tax by ment for 5 years just to get even with this phenomenon take place. I have definition is a tax that will hold down where he would be if he had left his been present when discussions of this the creation of wealth. capital alone. have gone on, and I know, very dif- Alan Greenspan understands that the Well, you say, so what? This is a rich ferently from the way it may appear in greatest boon that can come for this man, he has $100,000; why are you con- a classroom, that in the real market country is the creation of more and cerned about him? I am concerned—not the capital gains tax at its present more wealth and that is why he calls about him. He can take care of himself level is stopping entrepreneurs from for a capital gains tax rate of zero. I just fine. I am concerned about the moving their capital from one invest- think we are being very modest when people in company B who will not get ment to the other and making capital we call for a capital gains tax rate of 18 jobs because they cannot attract inves- available to the entrepreneurial com- percent. I hope those responsible for tors. Why can’t they attract investors? panies that would create the jobs of the these articles and these comments in Because the entrepreneurs have their future. the Washington Post would go back to money locked up in the investment I said on this floor before and I re- school at the feet of Professor Green- that only earns 10 percent. peat here again, I challenge every span and learn again where wealth He can find somebody who can buy Member of this body to go home to his comes from and what we need to do in investment A very easily. There are or her home State, gather the venture the Government to foster its creation. lots of people to say we would be satis- capitalists in the home State together, Mr. President, I suggest the absence fied with a 10 percent return in a ma- gather the real estate investors, if you of a quorum. ture company, absolutely. We will buy will, in the home State together, and The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. your stake and let you go out and run ask this one question: Are there deals COVERDELL). Will the Senator from the risk to do something else. But, no, that should be done not being done be- Utah withhold? the capital, by virtue of the capital cause of the capital gains tax? I have Mr. BENNETT. I withdraw my re- gains tax, is locked into investment A, asked that question in my home State quest. because the entrepreneur says I can’t and I am told, almost with a laugh: All The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- afford the tax hit to move my invest- over, Senator. Everywhere you look ator from Wyoming. ment capital from investment A to in- there are deals that should be done, Mr. ENZI. Mr. President, on behalf of vestment B. Therefore, I will not be certainly could be done, but are not the present occupant of the chair, I backing the new rising company that being done because of the capital gains will yield myself 10 minutes and also needs funds. tax. ask unanimous consent the order be ex- These people whom I quoted at the Now, ask this question: Are the deals tended by the same amount. beginning say the stock market is that should be done the deals that have The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without going through the roof, and what do the greatest potential for job creation objection, it is so ordered. they offer as proof of that? The Dow in the future? And the answer is, once The Chair recognizes the Senator Jones averages. How many people un- again: Yes. So then I ask the question: from Wyoming. derstand the Dow Jones averages are What is going on? And I am told, look, Mr. ENZI. Mr. President, I congratu- derived from 30 stocks? The Dow Jones Senator, there are so many late you and thank you for providing Corp. picks 30 companies, baskets them cockamamie trade-outs being done, this opportunity for us to talk a little together into a single average, and ways to avoid a realization of any kind bit today about taxes to our colleagues what happens to the prices of those 30 of a gain that are being put together by and to the American people. I do rise in stocks is described as what is happen- lawyers and accountants because they support of the tax reform proposals ing to the market as a whole. Yes, they want to back this in one way or an- that have been offered by the Repub- are probably doing a pretty good job of other but they cannot take the hit that lican Congress. Yesterday I presided picking some representative stocks, will come if they move their capital over the Senate for an hour and lis- but understand they have only picked from investment A to investment B, so tened to an hour of Republican bashing 30 companies. The Standard & Poor’s they are jerry-rigging all kinds of deals on taxes. I am here today to proudly index has 500 companies in it, and you that will ultimately rise up and bite say that if it were not for Republicans know what? It’s not going up quite as them in ways that will be detrimental. in this body, we would not be debating much as the Dow. Then there is the lit- I started off by quoting Alan Blinder, tax cuts for the American people at all. tle known, little followed stock index with whom I disagree, and identifying We would only be talking about in- called the Russell 2000, and as the name him as a former Vice Chairman of the creased spending—not increased spend- indicates, it has 2,000 stocks. But none Federal Reserve Board. I close by ing that the American people helps to of the Russell 2,000 stocks are in the quoting the Chairman of the Federal decide on, just increased spending. And Standard & Poor’s 500 or even in the Reserve Board, Alan Greenspan. Alan increased spending leads to increased Dow 30. These are the new entre- Greenspan has a reputation of his own. taxes. preneurial companies where the jobs He has a reputation that has brought So, I am proud to be working on a tax for the next decade are going to be cre- him praise from Members of this body cut proposal for this Congress. The ated. Do you know what is the story in on both sides of the aisle. I have sat in American people have not received se- the Russell index? It is down. It is not the Banking Committee and on the rious tax relief for 16 years. Earlier up the way the Dow is. It is not up the Joint Economic Committee and heard this year I had the pleasure of chairing way the Standard & Poor’s is. It is my Democratic colleagues congratu- a committee hearing in Wyoming on down. late Mr. Greenspan for the deft and in- small business. One of the groups that These little companies, struggling telligent way he has handled monetary appeared there was the Society of along, entrepreneurial efforts, need policy in this country. CPA’s. They asked for tax simplifica- money. Where are they going to get the Mr. Greenspan tells us what the cap- tion and tax cuts for the American peo- investment? Are they going to get it ital gains tax rate ought to be for the ple. from the big venture capitalists who greatest benefit of the economy. He You might say that’s kind of a like to back them? Maybe, if they can recommends a capital gains tax rate, strange bunch to want tax simplifica- make their presentation. But they will not of 18 percent, as proposed out of tion, but I have to tell you it is so com- find, time and again, that the venture the Finance Committee, not of 14 per- plicated that their liability is hanging capitalists who would otherwise be cent, as proposed by the Dole cam- out. It is difficult for them to meet the taken with their presentation and give paign, but zero. Because he under- needs of the people. If you call the In- them backing will say to them, ‘‘I’m stands the basic principles that I out- ternal Revenue Service on successive sorry, I am locked in by the capital lined in the beginning: All wealth days with a tax question, you will most gains tax. I am locked in with an in- comes from the process of investing ac- likely get different answers on that tax vestment that would cost me so much cumulated capital and all wealth question. But they were reluctant to in tax, if I were to sell and back you, comes from risk-taking with that cap- ask for the simplification because S6036 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997 every time they have worked on sim- ciently than we in Congress will. While even married yet and don’t have kids. plification in this country, we have they are doing that, they will be very They are looking forward to that tax wound up with tax increases. That is compassionate, as well as constructive. credit, but they are not earning it. If one of the things we are here to guard The Republican tax package is aimed you combine all of those, maybe you against, is tax increases. And we are at providing broad-based tax relief for can get it down to an average of $50 per proposing a tax package that provides the majority of the American people. person who pays taxes in the $30,000 tax for nearly $85 billion in net tax cuts The $500-per-child tax credit would pro- bracket. I would like to see a lot more over the next 5 years. It is the first vide $81 billion in tax relief for Ameri- detail on the kind of charts that we step in providing the American people ca’s families over the next 5 years. This saw. with the tax relief they so richly de- idea has been championed by the Re- We did pass welfare reform. That was serve. publican Party as a means of helping the American people saying that we do This tax package provides broad- America’s families. The President expect people in this country to work based tax relief for America’s families. thought it was such a good idea that he and pay taxes. The credit would not go This is just the first step toward peel- has even campaigned on it. to people who do not pay taxes. We are ing back the monumental tax hike Many families today have two par- not going to pay people not to work. passed by the Democratic Congress and ents working: one of them works to What we are talking about here is the President Clinton in 1993. pay the bills, the other one works to ability of the people in the United It should come as no surprise that pay the taxes. We should be working to States to still enjoy the American the administration and many of my strengthen our American families in dream. The American dream of owning colleagues on the other side of the aisle any way that we can. Taxes are our tax their own home, their own car, to be began bashing the Republican’s tax policy, and we should be disappointed able to be an entrepreneur; have an proposal almost as soon as it was un- and embarrassed by what our tax pol- idea, go out and start a business and veiled. icy says. We should not be strangling have that business grow into one of the A brief review of the last 5 years il- American families with a punitive Tax biggest in the country. When they start lustrates that this administration be- Code that penalizes marriages. It pro- that business, they are hoping that lieves that a bloated Federal Govern- vides very little tax relief for families they can be doing it for their kids as ment knows better how to spend your with children. It punishes people with a well; that there will be money that can money than you do. President Clin- further tax on interest income when go to their kids. They are hoping to be able to pass ton’s tax hike in 1993 punished the they try to save for their kids’ college American people by burdening them some money on to the next generation. educations or for their own retirement. They are worried about their kids. I with more than $240 billion—billion—in To add insult to injury, we even tax know a lot of people who have home- new taxes. The President’s tax increase people when they die. steaded in the West and spent every was the largest in American history We kind of have this tax policy in the dime that they have earned off their and it came after—after—the President United States that if it moves, you tax farm or ranch to buy more land so that had promised that he would offer mid- it, and if it won’t move, you tax it; they would have land to pass on to dle-class tax relief. The Republican tax when you buy it, you tax it; when you their kids. Something interesting is package would give Americans back sell it, you tax it; and if you happen to happening out in the West, and that is, some of the hard-earned money that die owning something, we’re going to a whole bunch of people are moving was taken from them 4 years ago. tax half of that, too. into Wyoming from other States, and We in Washington must never forget I listened to much of the debate yes- they are willing to pay a lot more for that we are talking about the people’s terday by my colleagues on the other land than what the cows will produce money. As an accountant—and I am side of the aisle who claim this is a tax on the land. The price of land has been the only accountant in the U.S. Sen- cut for the wealthy. This claim has ab- increasing greatly. That is what they ate, which I like to humorously say solutely no basis in fact unless you have to pay an inheritance on. They probably accounts for the difficulty in play with statistics. I watched the are taking away their ability to pass it getting tax cuts and balanced budg- charts yesterday. We should have truth on to their kids, a way of life, a way ets—I hear people talk about how in advertising on the Senate floor. We their kids anticipated earning money. happy they are that the Government saw charts that indicated that people I saw a program the other night gave them a tax refund this year. I earning $30,000 a year would only get a about the new millionaires. Million- have to remind some of them that that $50-a-year tax credit. That is playing aires, we consider them to be rich. I wasn’t the Government giving them a with the truth. They said that people can tell you—not from personal experi- tax refund, that was them overpaying who earned $400,000 would get $7,000 in ence I can’t—but from looking at peo- their taxes, the already overexorbitant tax relief. That is also lying with sta- ple’s returns, today’s millionaires are taxes overpaid, and they were getting tistics. not nearly as rich as years-ago million- back their own money. We get con- Take the $500 tax credit all by itself. aires. It is happening today, and the fused, particularly in Washington, and If you earn $30,000 and you have kids, way it is happening is people who are we have to remember that we are talk- you would get a tax credit of $500 per working on assembly lines or in small ing about the people’s money. child, and as I heard so eloquently ex- business are taking a little bit of Some of my friends on the other side plained earlier by my colleague from money out of their check—I know it is of the aisle seem to have forgotten New Mexico, that is a tax credit. That difficult to do—but they are taking this. They apparently believe it is the means you don’t take it off the income that money and investing it, and when job of the Federal Government to take part of your tax statement, you take it they get to retirement age, some are as much money away from the private off the taxes that you owe. You get to now finding because of these invest- citizens as they possibly can and then fill it out clear down to the balance ments they have been doing for years set themselves up as a ‘‘committee of first, and that is where you get the big- and years, the business has been suc- Government’’ who divides that money gest tax cut. You figure your tax bill, cessful enough, they worked hard up to take care of everyone as they see and then you get to subtract from your enough at their job to make that busi- fit. tax bill this $500-per-child tax credit. ness successful, that the stock they Mr. President, this is wrong. We I assure you that people who are bought is worth over $1 million. And should allow citizens to keep more of earning $30,000, as most of you know, then they die just at the time they get their own money and make their own pay taxes, and if you pay taxes and you to their retirement, and the Federal decisions on how it should be spent. have kids, you get the tax credit, you Government says your kids aren’t enti- Government often purports to know get a $500-a-year credit for that child. tled to that, even though you worked more about our own needs than we do. That is quite a bit bigger than the $50 for it for yourself and your kids all of But you know best how to spend your that was claimed here yesterday. that time. We, the Federal Govern- own money. History has demonstrated If you take and lump everybody to- ment, are entitled to almost half of that the American people will use their gether, there are a whole bunch of peo- that money. We didn’t do anything to money more wisely and more effi- ple who are earning money who are not help it, but we get it. June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6037 The fact is that the overwhelming the engineering wonders of the world. If not for the trans-Alaska pipeline, majority of the tax cut contained in It took 2,215 State and Federal permits we might have already reached 70 per- the Senate’s tax package go to middle- to proceed. Today, it is estimated to cent imported oil. How much higher income families. According to the take over 5,000. Approximately 70,000 would our gasoline prices be without Joint Committee on Taxation, which is people were used as a work force; over that pipeline? How much more likely Congress’ official tax estimator, 74 per- 3 million tons of materials were would we be putting our children and cent of the benefits of the tax relief bill shipped to Alaska for construction; 73 grandchildren in harm’s way on foreign will go to individuals and families million cubic yards of gravel were used; soil to protect our domestic interests if making $75,000 or less. Moreover, 82 13 bridges, ranging from 177 feet to we were importing more than 70 per- percent of the benefits would go to 2,295 feet had to be constructed going cent of our oil? Because, make no mis- families with educational needs, these across the Yukon River; 834 rivers were take about it, Mr. President, the Per- middle-income families who were hard- crossed; three mountain ranges as well. sian Gulf conflict was about keeping est hit by the Democrats’ radical tax Since that time, Mr. President, that the flow of oil for the benefit of the hike in 1993, and this is the group that pipeline has been subject to earth- world. quakes, it has been subject to bombing, is in most need of serious tax relief. We have always had an environ- dynamite has been wrapped around it, What many of my colleagues on the mental concern over the pipeline. It it has been shot at so many times too other side of the aisle really want to was predicted that this pipeline, going numerous to count—but it has with- return to is welfare. They want to raise through permafrost, which is frozen stood those rigors of Mother Nature as the taxes on people who are now paying ground, and being a hot pipeline carry- well as mankind. taxes to give more money to those who ing warm oil, would cause heat genera- aren’t paying any taxes at all. That is While there was a terrible accident associated with the grounding of the tion and melt the permafrost, and, not tax relief, it is welfare. Moreover, Exxon Valdez, which was of course due therefore, the pipeline would contin- the budget proposal already provides to negligence on behalf of those who ually go further and further down, to for $12⁄10 trillion in spending for the were operating that vessel, the Prince fulfill perhaps a self-propelling proph- next 5 years. The tax proposal would be William Sound is cleaned up today, and ecy that was suggested it would end up a good first step in allowing families it is continuing its contributions as in China some day. Didn’t we always and small businesses and those who one of the most productive bodies of know as kids, if you went down far save to keep more of their own. water on Earth. From the standpoint of enough, you would end up in China? We need to get beyond the the renewability of the fisheries and Well, clearly that has not happened, misstatements and distortions and give marine resources of the area—I do not Mr. President. the American people meaningful tax mean to belittle the significance of The pipeline operates in permafrost. relief. As we prepare for the debate on that tragedy—but Mother Nature has a The hot oil flows through the pipeline, the tax package next week, I ask my way of cleansing, and it was helped by but the pipeline was clearly engineered colleagues to join me in this endeavor. a good deal of funding, commitment to withstand that. It was suggested I thank the Chair and yield the floor. and expertise from Alaskans and those that this pipeline across 800 miles of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The outside. But the fact remains, this Alaska would cause the animals, the Chair recognizes the Senator from pipeline continues to contribute a wildlife associated with it, be it the Alaska. great deal to the economy of this coun- polar bear, the grizzly bear, the brown Mr. MURKOWSKI. I thank the Chair try. bear, the black bear, the caribou, or and wish the Chair a good afternoon. Certainly much of the permitting the moose, to somehow have a fence f process, and to a large degree the con- they could not cross. The facts are, at THE 20TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE tinuity of maintaining quality and en- the pipeline and the buried sections, TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE vironmental concerns, are a respon- the animals browse on it in the early sibility of the Federal Government as Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I spring because the small amount of well as the State government which advise my colleagues that 20 years ago heat generated causes the grasses to watched over the construction and the today, a truly historic event occurred come up first, and it has become a operation and made sure it was done in my State of Alaska that had much sight and attraction. We see the cari- responsibly. But those groups did not to do with the shaping of the character bou in their migration standing on top stand in the way of construction. of the buried pipeline because there is of our State probably as much as the Since the pipeline first flowed on majestic and unique parts of our State, more wind there and there are less op- June 20, 1977, the pipeline has produced portunities for mosquitoes. So to sug- whether it be in the mountains or gla- and provided the United States with ciers. gest that it has somehow restricted the over 25 percent of the domestic crude natural flow of wildlife certainly has On June 20, 1977, at 10:06 a.m. at oil produced in the United States and Prudhoe Bay, AK, the crude oil discov- not occurred. about 10 percent of total U.S. daily One can bottom line it and simply ered on the North Slope 9 years earlier consumption of crude oil, to give you began to flow. It began its journey say the predictions of the environ- some idea of the significance of this mental groups who said this was going south some 800 miles to the ice-free particular and unique all-American port of Valdez through the Trans-Alas- to be some kind of environmental dis- pipeline. aster have not occurred. It has been ka pipeline. That first trip, which now So, as a consequence, as we look at successful. It has done its job, and con- takes about 5 days for the oil to move, our situation today, this pipeline has tinues. took over 1 month to complete and contributed significantly to U.S. en- marked the culmination of the largest ergy independence and, I might add, To suggest it has not had its share of private construction project ever un- energy independence that is in serious problems or there have not been me- dertaken in the history of North Amer- jeopardy. chanical failures and there have not ica. Consider this for just a moment, Mr. been human failures—of course there Since that time, every citizen has President. In 1994, domestic flow pro- have. I have always supported strin- benefited from this marvel of American duction dropped to 6.6 million barrels a gent oversight of the pipeline. We have engineering, but few really understand day, the lowest since 1954. National de- been working with the Joint Pipeline how significant this feat was and how mand has increased to more than 17.7 Office and the Department of Transpor- much it has contributed to our Nation. million barrels per day, the highest tation, and the effort has been success- The pipeline took 3 years of construc- level since the mid-1970’s. The United ful. tion. States imported 51 percent of its oil in But every now and then we find oppo- The total cost was about $8 billion. 1994. Today, we are importing a little nents of development in Alaska who The initial estimate was just under $1 over 52 percent, but according to the are looking for a cause, the cause of billion. However, in today’s dollars, Department of Energy, U.S. depend- membership or cause of dollars or per- that would equate to about $22 to $25 ence on foreign oil is expected to rise haps they bring up some of the young billion. It was truly a marvel, one of to nearly 70 percent by the year 2000. attorneys from Harvard or Brown to do S6038 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997 missionary work in Alaska by rep- that we have. On this date, I would like would like to portray, rattlesnakes in resenting one or another of the envi- to especially recognize the role the their church services. They are tradi- ronmental groups. I think we have Trans-Alaska pipeline has had in shap- tional in their outlook, they are rev- some 62 in Anchorage now. ing our State and the benefits it has erent about their tried-and-true cus- They need a cause. And one of their provided to this Nation’s energy and toms and patriotic about their Nation. favorite topics, when things are slow, natural security interests. In World War II, West Virginia is to come out with a report that some- Finally, Mr. President, on July 18–20, ranked fifth among the States in the how the pipeline is in peril, somehow I am going to be leading a number of percentage of its eligible male popu- the pipeline is not being operated in our colleagues to Alaska to look at the lation participating; first among the the most efficient manner from the issues related to resource development States in eligible male population par- standpoint of the public interest. of Alaska’s Arctic, specifically the ticipating in the Korean war; second First of all, Mr. President, those who Trans-Alaska pipeline and other areas among the States in the percentage of own the pipeline, the major owners— where truly the wealth of North Amer- its eligible male population participat- ARCO, Exxon—produce petroleum. ica is coming from the Arctic. ing in the Vietnam war. Also, West Their interest is moving oil, moving oil I remind the Presiding Officer that Virginia ranked first among the States safely, moving oil economically. To do Alaska just happens to be the only in the percentage of deaths its eligible anything less than that would be det- State with any Arctic in it. So as part male population suffered during both rimental to their own interest. of that trip, we will take a close look the Korean and Vietnam wars. The State of Alaska maintains an at the marvels of the Trans-Alaska West Virginians are generally quiet. oversight, the Federal Government pipeline, what it has meant to this Na- They are not loud talkers. I don’t like maintains an oversight. But neverthe- tion. I look forward to leading this loud talkers. They are not loud talkers. less, we continually see reports that group, and I encourage my colleagues You would not hear them from one end purposely mislead the public about the to join with me on this important trip. of the Capitol to the other talking with Trans-Alaska pipeline. Finally, in conclusion, on the 20th loud voices in the corridors. They don’t Those of us in the Senate know that anniversary of the Trans-Alaska pipe- do that. They are generally quiet, cour- if you do not have your electric code line, I would like to congratulate those teous, sincere, and accommodating. book up to date—and there are 25,000 or workers who operate and have operated There is a presence of basic values 30,000 separate entries—you can be this pipeline for the last 20 years among her residents that is scarce in classified by an agency as having 25,000 against tremendous odds, extraor- much of the Nation in many places. or 30,000 violations. It does not mean dinary climactic conditions, and have West Virginians value hard work. They that your code book has not been up- done it in a manner of recognizing that are not afraid of it. They love their dated during the last year for any num- American technology and ingenuity families. They have a respect for au- ber of reasons. and can-do spirit can just about over- thority. We don’t burn flags in So we have had critics of the pipeline come any adversity and any particular Weirton, WV, where there are at least from time to time issuing reports in- challenge of the time. 30 ethnic groups from the old world. The successful operation of the tended to portray some of these prob- They have respect for their commu- Trans-Alaska pipeline for the last 20 lems as standard operating procedure nities and a love for their country and years, I think, has proven that indeed for pipeline management rather than reverence for a Creator. the men and women who are associated an exception. Of course, it generates They don’t go around wearing their with the pipeline and the Alyeska crew for those particular organizations con- religion on their sleeves. They don’t are certainly up to the task. tributions and in some cases generates I thank the Chair. make a big whoop-de-doo of it, and, as membership. But these claims are in Mr. President, I yield the floor. far as I am concerned, most are not the stark contrast to recent oversight re- f religious right or the religious left. ports by responsible State and Federal They are simply respectful of a Creator agencies tasked with the oversight re- 134TH BIRTHDAY OF THE STATE and quietly religious. sponsibility. OF WEST VIRGINIA More and more people are discover- In 1995, the U.S. Department of Mr. BYRD. Madam President, today ing our State. The crime is low in West Transportation audited the Office of is the 134th birthday of the State which Virginia, life is slower there and stress Pipeline Safety to determine its effec- I have been so pleased and so proud and seems to float away, to be replaced by tiveness in ensuring the Trans-Alaska so privileged and so honored to rep- the serenity of beauty, charm and un- pipeline operations minimize risk to resent in Congress since January 1953. complicated courtesy. Our unique life and property. The audit concluded Born of the turmoil of the Civil War, mountain crafts attract attention na- the operation ‘‘is effectively monitor- West Virginia has never had an easy tionwide, as do our scenic parks and ing and inspecting [the pipeline]. Also, time of it. Although blessed with great our recreational activities. when violations were identified, OPS beauty and rich in natural resources, West Virginia really is a world apart. took enforcement actions against my State’s rugged terrain and isolated My State has come a long way from Alyeska’’ and made corrections. geography have worked to make her the days when she was plundered by in- In August of 1995, at the request of people a breed apart. dustrial barons who lived outside her Congress, the GAO completed an audit Their independent views—they are a borders, plundered for her rich natural of the pipeline operators and their re- mountain people; mountain people tra- resources, and many of her citizens sponse to identified deficiencies. The ditionally have independent views, were used as little more than inden- report concluded that ‘‘Alyeska has whether they live in Switzerland or Af- tured servants in those days in the dan- taken substantive actions that, if car- ghanistan or in Scotland or in West gerous dirty work of mining coal, for ried through to completion, appear to Virginia—their independent views, example. Today, she is experiencing be adequate to correct the problems.’’ their impoverishment, their fierce loy- new economic growth and prosperity as Last year, the Joint Pipeline Office alty to their communities, to their a result of new roads. concluded that Alyeska has imple- State and to their country have made When I was a member of the West mented its revised quality control for them fodder for bad jokes, degrading Virginia House of Delegates, the lower the pipeline sufficiently to allow its sitcoms and derogatory nicknames. house of the West Virginia Legislature full approval. Well, I am here to tell those who in 1947, West Virginia had 4 miles— So, Mr. President, these are the re- would perpetuate such hackneyed West Virginia had 4 miles—of divided sponsible agencies and current reports stereotypes that it is they—it is they— four-lane highways—4 miles. That was we have on hand. We have no reason to who are backward, because in West when I was starting out in politics, now doubt their accuracy. Virginia’s hollows and on her moun- 51 years ago. Four miles, and then one Finally, Mr. President, Alaska truly tains live some of the finest people in need not wonder why West Virginians is a great State, a great big piece of all of God’s great creation. become indignant when a few dollars real estate. We have many great assets, For the most part, West Virginians are appropriated by the Federal Gov- including our people and the resources are religious. They don’t have, as some ernment to build safe, modern four- June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6039 lane divided highways in West Vir- storage depot at Kamisiyah, Iraq. By reflect these lessons learned from the ginia; a few dollars compared with the September 1996, the DOD estimate of gulf war experience and its aftermath. billions of dollars that go for airports, the number of soldiers who may have My concern is, I know, shared by many go for mass transit and other modes of been exposed had climbed to just over of my colleagues, who over the years transportation elsewhere. 20,000, and the DOD announced that have pursued these issues in hearings. So she is experiencing new economic studies were still under way that could Indeed, even the Special Assistant for growth. Travel our highways now, view push that number even higher. This an- gulf war illnesses at the Department of the scenery now, experience the hospi- nouncement raised new fears that Iraqi Defense has admitted in testimony be- tality now, see the historic places, chemical warfare agents may have fore Congress that ‘‘We [DOD] need to stand on the tops of those mountains played a role in causing the illness learn from our Gulf experience and and view the creative works of an om- among United States and coalition vet- make the necessary changes in poli- nipotent God. Look at her sunrises, erans of the Persian gulf war that has cies, doctrine, and technology.’’ pause at her tranquil sunsets and view come to be called gulf war syndrome, I am pleased, therefore, that two of the land where the early pioneers and it exposed flaws in the manner in my colleagues on the Armed Services crossed the Alleghenies with a Bible in which the Department of Defense Committee, Senator LEVIN and Senator one hand and a rifle in the other, car- tracked the locations and medical his- GLENN, have joined me in requesting rying a bag of seeds. tories of units and individual troops. that the General Accounting Office They used the forests, dredged the The Department of Defense and the [GAO] initiate an evaluation of this rivers, and built a great State—a great Presidential Advisory Committee on very issue. Both of these very able Sen- State—a State that was born during gulf war illnesses have subsequently ators have, over the last several years, the struggle between the States, the attempted to address this and many questioned the ability of our military war between the States, the war among other possible causes of gulf war syn- to fight and win on a chemical battle- the States. drome, as have a number of congres- field. We have asked the GAO to ad- sional committees. There is still con- So she is experiencing new economic dress the adequacy of current policies, siderable uncertainty and controversy growth and prosperity as a result of procedures, and technologies to first surrounding this issue. new roads, technology, and forward- As a result of that announcement, I adequately defend United States mili- looking leadership. In fact, West Vir- offered an amendment to the Fiscal tary forces against single, repeated, or ginia boasts four cities in the top 200 of Year 1997 Department of Defense au- sustained exposure to low levels of Money magazine’s 1997 list of the best thorization bill to provide $10 million chemical warfare agent, and to second places in America to live. And there for independent scientific research into identify, prepare for, and defend are many more than four cities there the possible relationship between against the possible adverse effects of and towns and rural communities that chemical agent exposure, particularly chemical warfare agent exposure in I would categorize as the best places in to low levels of chemical agent expo- combination with other compounds America to live. sure, and gulf war syndrome. My commonly found in the battlefield, in- So today I say to all of those who amendment was adopted without de- cluding pesticides, oil and diesel ex- have never tasted our glorious country bate by the Senate and supported haust, biological warfare agents, low cooking or danced at our traditional through the conference with the House, level radiation, medically administered mountain festivals to tunes that are and I thank my colleagues for sharing vaccines, and other occupational haz- played by mountain musicians, never in my concern that our veterans be ards. skied our shimmering slopes or paddled provided with the independent medical It is my hope that this study will lay our wild white water, never heard the research on this subject that had not the foundation upon which we might rich notes of our mountain music or previously existed. I am eager, as I make effective and targeted adjust- gazed at our phenomenal sunsets, come know our sick veterans and their fami- ments in next year’s Department of De- to West Virginia. We will show you the lies are also, to learn the results of fense authorization bill that will give way. these studies. our soldiers the ability and confidence Happy birthday. Happy birthday, But, Mr. President, although efforts to fight and win on a chemically con- West Virginia. May you grow, and may to improve medical records manage- taminated battlefield. your people never, never change. ment techniques in order to better un- f Madam President, I yield the floor. derstand and treat future post-war ill- IN MEMORY OF BILLY N. Mr. THURMOND addressed the Chair. nesses among United States troops—ef- STEPHENS The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- forts already undertaken by the De- ator from South Carolina. partment of Defense—are a step in the Mr. FORD. Mr. President, on Sunday, Mr. THURMOND. I want to commend right direction, I believe that the most May 18, a soldier was laid to rest in a the able Senator from West Virginia on effective course of action is to prevent small Kentucky community along the his devotion and dedication to his the exposures from occurring. We must banks of the Ohio River. But this State. He has just paid a wonderful eu- not settle for just closing the barn door wasn’t to be any small affair. Billy Ste- logy to that State and the people of after the horse has bolted. We must phens had served his country and com- that State. I am sure the people of the find out why the door failed to contain munity with distinction and he would United States are very proud of West the horse, and fix it. In that regard, the be honored for those contributions by a Virginia and the people of West Vir- effectiveness of current doctrine and 17-man team from Ft. Knox. ginia and the able Senator who rep- technology is questionable. It is not Once the rifles were fired, the bugle resents them here in the Senate. certain that our chemical detectors sounded taps, and the flag from the Mr. BYRD. Madam President, I will provide a sufficient warning for casket was presented to his widow, thank my friend, my senior colleague, low levels of chemical agent, and it is those present couldn’t help but feel the for his gracious and kind remarks con- not certain that our military doctrine enormity of his life. A son of cerning my State and my people. and procedures are adequate to fully Hawesville in Hancock County, if you f protect our troops in a scenario that is met Billy Stephens on the street, you not immediately life-threatening. Nor might not suspect him of greatness. CHEMICAL WARFARE DEFENSE is it certain that the military antici- But it is because of him and others DOCTRINE pates the synergistic effects of dif- like him, that you and I enjoy freedom Mr. BYRD. Mr. President, one year ferent factors, such as the administra- today. ago tomorrow, on June 21, 1996, in a tion of vaccines and anti-chemical war- In 1940, he joined the Army and hastily called press conference, the De- fare agent drugs, in combination with served for the duration of the war. Be- partment of Defense revealed that the use of pesticides or exposure to fore the war ended, he would partici- United States troops may have been other battlefield effluents, including pate in seven campaigns and earn seven exposed to Iraqi chemical nerve and chemical and biological agents. battle stars. In addition to the EAME mustard agents as a result of the post- I am concerned that United States theater with seven Bronze Stars, his war demolition of an Iraqi ammunition military doctrine has not changed to military decorations included the S6040 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997 American Defense Service Medal and Ms. Goetz, one of its reading clerks, an- EC–2263. A communication from the Con- the Good Conduct Ribbon. nounced that the Speaker has signed gressional Review Coordinator, Marketing When he left the Army his commit- the following bill: and Regulatory Programs, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Department of ment to service continued, not only as H.R. 956. An act to amend the National the Hancock County Sheriff, but also Agriculture, transmitting, pursuant to law, Narcotics Leadership Act of 1988 to establish a report of a rule entitled ‘‘Mediterranean in his dedication to seeing the commu- a program to support and encourage local Fruit Fly; Addition to Quarantined Areas; nity grow, while preserving its solid communities that first demonstrate a com- Regulated Articles’’, received on June 19, rural values. It was that unyielding de- prehensive, long-term commitment to reduce 1997; to the Committee on Agriculture, Nu- votion that earned him the Citizen of substance abuse among youth, and for other trition, and Forestry. the Year award in 1992 by the Hancock purposes. EC–2264. A communication from the Chair- County Chamber of Commerce. f man, Nuclear Regulatory Commission, trans- Perhaps his commitment to country mitting, pursuant to law, a report relative to EXECUTIVE AND OTHER should come as no surprise. His father the Commission’s Accountability for fiscal COMMUNICATIONS year 1996, received on June 19, 1997; to the served in the Army during World War The following communications were Committee on Governmental Affairs. One, and both of his brothers served in EC–2265. A communication from the Direc- World War II, where one narrowly es- laid before the Senate, together with tor, Office of Sustainable Fisheries, National caped death at Pearl Harbor. Both of accompanying papers, reports, and doc- Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic his sons served in Viet Nam, as did his uments, which were referred as indi- and Atmospheric Administration, Depart- daughter’s husband. His grandson con- cated: ment of Commerce, transmitting, pursuant tinues the tradition as an Air Force EC–2253. A communication from the Chair- to law, a rule relative to Fisheries of the Ex- Academy graduate. man of the Tennessee Valley Authority, clusive Economic Zone Off Alaska, received Mr. President, Billy Stephen’s con- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report on June 19, 1997; to the Committee on Com- under the Freedom of Information Act for merce, Science, and Transportation. tributions will be felt for generations, EC–2266. A communication from the Chief both as soldier and community leader. calendar year 1996; to the Committee on the Judiciary. of the Forest Service, Department of Agri- He was a good father, husband, friend, EC–2254. A communication from the Assist- culture, transmitting, pursuant to law, a re- and fighter for America, and his pres- ant Secretary of State (Legislative Affairs), port relative to the Tongass National Forest; ence will be sorely missed. transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of to the Committee on Environment and Pub- f a Presidential Determination relative to the lic Works. Federal Republic of Yugoslavia; to the Com- f THE VERY BAD DEBT BOXSCORE mittee on Foreign Relations. Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, at the EC–2255. A communication from the Assist- REPORTS OF COMMITTEES close of business yesterday, Thursday, ant Secretary of State (Legislative Affairs), The following reports of committees June 19, 1997, the Federal debt stood at transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of were submitted: $5,330,018,602,378.07. (Five trillion, three two rules including a rule entitled ‘‘Visas’’ received on June 10, 1997; to the Committee By Mr. ROTH, from the Committee on Fi- hundred thirty billion, eighteen mil- on Foreign Relations. nance, without amendment: lion, six hundred two thousand, three EC–2256. A communication from the Assist- S. 949. An original bill to provide revenue hundred seventy-eight dollars and ant Legal Adviser for Treaty Affairs, Depart- reconciliation pursuant to section 104(b) of seven cents) ment of State, the report of the texts of the concurrent resolution on the budget for One year ago, June 19, 1996, the Fed- international agreements, other than trea- fiscal year 1998 (Rept. No. 105–33). eral debt stood at $5,120,985,000,000. ties, and background statements; to the By Mr. DOMENICI, from the Committee on Committee on Foreign Relations. the Budget, without amendment: (Five trillion, one hundred twenty bil- S. 947. An original bill to provide for rec- lion, nine hundred eighty-five million) EC–2257. A Communication from the As- sistant Secretary of Defense, transmitting, onciliation pursuant to section 104(a) of the Five years ago, June 19, 1992, the Fed- concurrent resolution on the budget for fis- eral debt stood at $3,933,120,000,000. pursuant to law, a response to a report rel- ative to tax deductibility of cal year 1998. (Three trillion, nine hundred thirty- nonreimburseable expenses; to the Commit- f three billion, one hundred twenty mil- tee on Finance. lion) EC–2258. A communication from the Attor- INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND Ten years ago, June 19, 1987, the Fed- ney-Advisor, Federal Register Certifying Of- JOINT RESOLUTIONS eral debt stood at $2,293,351,000,000. ficer, Financial Management Service, De- The following bills and joint resolu- (Two trillion, two hundred ninety- partment of the Treasury, transmitting, pur- tions were introduced, read the first three billion, three hundred fifty-one suant to law, a rule entitled ‘‘Offset of Tax Refund Payments to Collect Past-due, Le- and second time by unanimous con- million) sent, and referred as indicated: Twenty-five years ago, June 19, 1972, gally Enforceable Nontax Debt’’, received on June 18, 1997; to the Committee on Finance. By Mr. HARKIN: the Federal debt stood at EC–2259. A communication from the Chair, S. 942. A bill to repeal the requirement $426,191,000,000 (Four hundred twenty- Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, that the Secretary of the Navy maintain a six billion, one hundred ninety-one transmitting, pursuant to law, a rule rel- dairy farm for the Naval Academy; to the million) which reflects a debt increase ative to nuclear plant decommissioning trust Committee on Armed Services. of nearly $5 trillion—$4,903,827,602,378.07 fund, received on June 16, 1997; to the Com- By Mr. SPECTER (for himself and Mr. (Four trillion, nine hundred three bil- mittee on Energy and Natural Resources. SANTORUM): lion, eight hundred twenty-seven mil- EC–2260. A communication from the Acting S. 943. A bill to amend title 49, United lion, six hundred two thousand, three Deputy, Office of the Secretary, Department States Code, to clarify the application of the of the Interior, transmitting, pursuant to Act popularly known as the ‘‘Death on the hundred seventy-eight dollars and law, a rule entitled ‘‘National Capital Region High Seas Act’’ to aviation accidents; to the seven cents) during the past 25 years. Parks-Kennedy Center and Distribution of Committee on Commerce, Science, and I suggest the absence of a quorum. Literature’’ (RIN1024–AC61), received on Transportation. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. June 18, 1997; to the Committee on Energy By Mr. D’AMATO: ENZI). The clerk will call the roll. and Natural Resources. S. 944. A bill to require the Secretary of The assistant legislative clerk pro- EC–2261. A communication from the Direc- Housing and Urban Development to establish ceeded to call the roll. tor of Defense Procurement, Acquisition and procedures for requesting waivers on behalf Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I Technology, Secretary of Defense, transmit- of qualified international medical graduates ask unanimous consent that the order ting, pursuant to law, a report of 43 rules rel- of the 2-year foreign residency requirement; for the quorum call be rescinded. ative to the Defense Acquisition Circular 91– to the Committee on the Judiciary. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without 12, received on June 16, 1997; to the Commit- By Mr. BREAUX (for himself and Mr. objection, it is so ordered. tee on Armed Services. GRAHAM): EC–2262. A communication from the Direc- S. 945. A bill to eliminate waste, fraud, and f tor, Federal Bureau of Prisons, Department abuse in the medicaid program; to the Com- MESSAGES FROM THE HOUSE of Justice, transmitting, pursuant to law, a mittee on Finance. rule entitled ‘‘Scope of Rules: National Secu- By Mr. CRAIG: ENROLLED BILL SIGNED rity; Prevention of Acts of Violence and Ter- S. 946. A bill for the relief of Pyonghui At 1:18 p.m., a message from the rorism’’ (RIN1120–AA54), received on June 19, Gonion Arrington; to the Committee on the House of Representatives, delivered by 1997; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Judiciary. June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6041 By Mr. DOMENICI: seafarers, not the relatives of jumbo- ing statute predates international air S. 947. An original bill to provide for rec- jet passengers embarking on inter- travel. I would note that the Gore onciliation pursuant to section 104(a) of the national air travel. Commission on Aviation Safety and concurrent resolution on the budget for fis- Under the Warsaw Convention of Security noted in its final report this cal year 1998; from the Committee on the 1929, airlines do not have to pay more Budget; placed on the calendar. February that ‘‘certain statutes and By Mr. GRASSLEY (for himself and than $75,000 to families of passengers international treaties, established over Mr. BREAUX): who died on an international flight. 50 years ago, historically have not pro- S. 948. A bill to amend the Older Americans However, domestic air crashes are cov- vided equitable treatment for families Act of 1965 to improve the provisions relat- ered by U.S. law, which allow for great- of passengers involved in international ing to pension rights demonstration projects; er damages if negligent conduct is aviation disasters. Specifically, the to the Committee on Labor and Human Re- proven in court. Death on the High Seas Act of 1920 and sources. The Warsaw Convention limit on li- the Warsaw Convention of 1929, al- By Mr. ROTH: ability can be waived if the passengers’ S. 949. An original bill to provide revenue though designed to aid families of vic- reconciliation pursuant to section 104(b) of families show that there was inten- tims of maritime and aviation disas- the concurrent resolution on the budget for tional misconduct which led to the ters, have inhibited the ability of fam- fiscal year 1998; from the Committee on Fi- crash. This is where the Death on the ily members of international aviation nance; placed on the calendar. High Seas Act comes into play. This disasters from obtaining fair com- f law states that where the death of a pensation.’’ person is caused by wrongful act, ne- I would further note that in an Octo- SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND glect, or default occurring on the high ber 1996 brief filed at the Department SENATE RESOLUTIONS seas more than 1 marine league which of Transportation by the Air Transport The following concurrent resolutions is 3 miles from U.S. shores, a personal Association, the trade association of and Senate resolutions were read, and representative of a decedent can sue for U.S. airlines, there is an acknowledg- referred (or acted upon), as indicated: pecuniary loss sustained by the dece- ment that the Supreme Court in By Mr. SPECTER (for himself, Mr. dent’s wife, child, husband, parent, or Zicherman did not apparently consider SANTORUM, and Ms. MOSELEY- dependent relative. The act, however, 49 U.S.C. 40120 (a) and (c), which pre- BRAUN): does not allow families of the victims serve the application of State and com- S. Con. Res. 34. A concurrent resolution of TWA 800 or other aviation incidents mon law remedies in tort cases and recognizing the importance of African-Amer- to obtain other types of damages, such also prohibit the application of Federal ican music to global culture and calling on as recovery for loss of society or puni- shipping laws to aviation. My legisla- the people of the United States to study, re- tive damages, no matter how great the flect on, and celebrate African-American tion amends 49 U.S.C. 40120(c) to clarify music; to the Committee on the Judiciary. wrongful act or neglect by an airline or that nothing in the Death on the High airplane manufacturer. f Seas Act restricts the availability of My legislation would amend Federal remedies in suits arising out of avia- STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED law to provide that the Death on the tion disasters. BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS High Seas Act shall not affect any rem- At a time when so many Americans edy existing at common law or under By Mr. SPECTER (for himself live, work, and travel abroad, taking State law with respect to any injury or part in the global economy or seeing and Mr. SANTORUM): death arising out of an aviation inci- S. 943. A bill to amend title 49, Unit- the cultural riches of foreign lands, dent occurring after January 1, 1995. In they and their families should know ed States Code, to clarify the applica- effect, it would clarify that Federal tion of the act popularly known as the that the American civil justice system aviation law does not limit remedies in will be accessible to the fullest extent ‘‘Death on the High Seas Act’’ to avia- the same manner as maritime law, and tion accidents; to the Committee on if the unthinkable occurs. permits international flights to be gov- I urge my colleagues to support this Commerce, Science, and Transpor- erned by the same laws as domestic tation. legislation and look forward to work- flights. ing with them to ensure its ultimate DEATH ON THE HIGH SEAS REFORM ACT My legislation is not about blaming enactment during the 105th Congress. Mr. SPECTER. Mr. President, I have an airline or airplane manufacturer. It Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- sought recognition today to introduce is not about multimillion dollar dam- sent that the bill be printed in the legislation which will provide equitable age awards. It is about ensuring access RECORD. treatment for families of passengers in- to justice and clarifying the rights of volved in international aviation disas- families of victims of plane crashes There being no objection, the bill was ters. I am very pleased that my col- such as TWA 800. I am open to explor- ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as league, Senator SANTORUM, is joining ing with my colleagues the possibility follows: me as an original cosponsor of this bill. of expanding the retroactive relief pro- S. 943 Companion legislation is being intro- vided in this legislation, bearing in Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- duced in the House of Representatives mind that many of the plaintiffs in resentatives of the United States of America in by Congressman JOE MCDADE and 10 cases arising out of previous airplane Congress assembled, other members of the Pennsylvania disasters, such as the Korean Air Lines SECTION 1. DEATH ON THE HIGH SEAS ACT. congressional delegation. 007 incident in 1983, have agreed to out- Section 40120(c) of title 49, United States As my colleagues know, the devastat- of-court settlements. Code, is amended to read as follows: ing crash of Trans World Airlines flight The need for this legislation is sug- ‘‘(c) ADDITIONAL REMEDIES.— 800 on July 17, 1996 took the lives of 230 gested by the most recent Supreme ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Nothing in this part or individuals. Perhaps the community Court decision on this issue, Zicherman the Act entitled ‘An Act relating to the maintenance of actions for death on the high hardest hit by this tragedy was v. Korean Airlines, 116 S. Ct. 629 (1996), seas and other navigable waters’ approved Montoursville, PA, which lost 16 stu- in which a unanimous Court held that March 30, 1920 (46 U.S.C. App. 761 et seq.), dents and 5 adult chaperones from the Death on the High Seas Act of 1920 popularly known as the ‘Death on the High Montoursville High School who were applies to determine damages in airline Seas Act’, shall, with respect to any injury participating in a long-awaited French accidents that occur more than 3 miles or death arising out of any covered aviation Club trip to France. from shore. By contrast, the Court has incident, affect any remedy— It has been brought to my attention ruled that State tort law applies to de- ‘‘(A) under common law; or by constituents who include parents of termine damages in accidents that ‘‘(B) under State law. the Montoursville children lost on occur in waters 3 miles or less from our ‘‘(2) ADDITIONAL REMEDIES.—Any remedy TWA 800 that their ability to seek re- provided for under this part or the Act re- shores. Yamaha v. Calhoun, (1996 WL ferred to in paragraph (1) for an injury or dress in court is hampered by a 1920 5518) death arising out of any covered aviation in- shipping law known as the Death on I believe it is inequitable to make cident shall be in addition to any of the rem- the High Seas Act, which was origi- such a distinction at the 3 mile limit in edies described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) nally intended to cover the widows of civil aviation cases where the underly- of paragraph (1). S6042 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997 ‘‘(3) COVERED AVIATION INCIDENT DEFINED.— communities have been left out of the termination of their residency status In this subsection, the term ‘covered avia- American dream. It is intolerable that and a loss of eligibility to apply for tion incident’ means an aviation disaster oc- certain parts of many American cities legal immigrant status in the future. curring on or after January 1, 1995.’’. are experiencing higher infant mortal- This legislation would further im- By Mr. D’AMATO: ity rates than many third-world coun- prove compliance with the waiver re- S. 944. A bill to require the Secretary tries. quirements. This act will address the of Housing and Urban Development to The costs of providing health care in- GAO report’s finding that Federal establish procedures for requesting crease as hospitals struggle to attract agencies need to improve coordination waivers on behalf of qualified inter- qualified physicians. As costs rise, the in granting waivers. The act requires national medical graduates of the 2- unmet health care needs of local resi- HUD to report to HHS on the number year foreign residency requirement; to dents are exacerbated. Thus, the supply and location of physicians requesting the Committee on the Judiciary. shortage of qualified physicians creates waivers. I fully expect the Department THE COMMUNITY HEALTH CARE ACCESS ACT OF a vicious cycle in which local residents of Health and Human Services to uti- 1997 are trapped. lize this information in its annual des- ∑ Mr. D’AMATO. Mr. President, I in- My legislation will help break this ignations of physician underserved troduce the Community Health Care cycle by increasing the availability of areas. In addition, the legislation Access Act of 1997. This act will help doctors in underserved areas while re- would require the sponsoring hospitals ensure that the residents of our inner- ducing health care costs. to provide HUD with periodic notices city and rural areas, in New York and Let me briefly provide some back- as to the compliance of physicians with across the Nation, will have increased ground information. Under the J–1 visa the terms of the waiver agreements. access to affordable health care. This program, foreign medical students are Hospitals will also be required to pro- legislation will establish a procedure temporarily admitted to the United vide HUD with immediate notice of the within the Department of Housing and States in order to complete their medi- termination or cessation of compliance Urban Development [HUD] for foreign cal education and clinical training. with these terms. medical students, who are granted tem- Upon completion of their education, The addition of these reforms will en- porary residency status in order to these students are required to leave the sure the effective continuation of this complete their medical education, to United States for a minimum of 2 years vital program. The GAO noted that, as retain their legal status in exchange before they can become eligible for an of January 1, 1996, there were approxi- for practicing in areas with serious extension of their legal residency sta- mately 1,374 physicians admitted to physician shortages. tus. However, current law provides an practice in underserved areas through Mr. President, throughout my home exception to this 2-year foreign resi- the J–1 visa waiver program. These State of New York, there are numerous dency requirement if the medical grad- physicians served in 49 States and the inner-city and rural communities uate agrees to practice in a designated District of Columbia. According to a which face a real crisis in the availabil- ‘‘Health Professional Shortage Area.’’ survey conducted by the General Ac- ity of qualified physicians. Too often, Congress reaffirmed its commitment counting Office, approximately 40 per- these communities face enormous dif- to the J–1 program, as well as to the cent of these physicians served in non- ficulty attracting physicians to help waiver of the 2-year foreign residency profit community or migrant health serve the needs of their residents. Phy- requirement for international medical care centers. Almost all of these physi- sicians are desperately needed to help graduates who agree to practice in un- cians were practicing in primary care cope with the growing incidence of derserved areas, when it passed the Il- specialties. More than half were prac- drug-resistant tuberculosis, HIV, and legal Immigration Reform and Immi- ticing in internal medicine. The other other infectious diseases, as well as grant Responsibility Act of 1996—Pub- major specialties were pediatrics and other critical health care needs such as lic Law 104–208. This Act was signed family practice. pre-natal and neo-natal care. into law on September 30, 1996. Mr. President, it is important to note The act I am introducing today will Mr. President, in December 1996, the the outstanding caliber and the unique help address this crisis by requiring the General Accounting Office [GAO] re- qualifications of the doctors partici- Secretary of the Department of Hous- leased a report assessing the J–1 visa pating in this program. In order to re- ing and Urban Development to request waiver program. This report, entitled ceive a J–1 visa, many of the partici- a J–1 visa waiver for any qualified med- ‘‘Foreign Physicians: Exchange Visitor pants were accepted into medical uni- ical professional who agrees to practice Program Becoming Major Route to versities and world-renowned teaching in an underserved area. This bill will Practicing in U.S. Underserved Areas’’ hospitals with rigorous acceptance allow hundreds of qualified doctors who noted the growing use of the visa waiv- standards. In some cases, the admitted are willing and able to serve in these er process and made several rec- physicians are often specifically re- communities to partner with existing ommendations for improvement. cruited by particular health facilities health care facilities in order to serve In conjunction with the reforms en- on the basis of their superior foreign needy populations who lack access to acted last year as part of the Immigra- language skills and cultural famili- affordable health care. tion Reform Act, the legislation I in- arity. For instance, the GAO cited a This legislation will help hospitals troduce today will effectively imple- migrant health center in eastern Wash- which are located in areas which are ment several of the recommendations ington which actively recruited native- designated by the Department of made by the GAO. As noted in the re- Spanish speakers for its program. Health and Human Services [HHS] as port, last year’s Immigration Reform HUD plays a critical role in the re- ‘‘Health Professional Shortage Areas’’ Act required Federal agencies to uti- duction of health care costs. The agen- to draw upon a pool of doctors who are lize the same criteria for approval that cy operates a number of programs among the best and the brightest in previously applied to State health de- which benefit hospitals, nursing homes, the world. Currently, there is a severe partments seeking such waivers. These and other health care organizations. shortage of U.S. medical residents who new safeguards required physicians to: The role played by HUD’s hospital in- are willing to serve in these areas. First, agree to work for at least 3 years surance program, for instance, is abso- These urban and rural areas often have for the health facility named in the ap- lutely essential for many health care large uninsured populations with a va- plication; second, work in an area des- institutions in obtaining private mar- riety of critical unmet health needs. ignated by the Secretary of HHS as ket financing for hospital construction, In a nation with the greatest health having a shortage of health care profes- renovation, and modernization. The care system in the world, there exist sionals; third, commence work within credit enhancement provided by this communities which are unfairly denied 90 days of receipt of the waiver; and program results in a tangible reduction access to affordable quality health fourth, maintain a nonimmigrant sta- in health care costs at little or no cost care. This disparity can be seen both in tus until the completion of the 3-year to the taxpayer. isolated rural areas and in the high-im- commitment term. In addition, physi- I believe it is essential for Congress pact urban cores of some of our largest cians who fail to comply with the to continue to act expeditiously to ad- cities. Too often, the members of these terms of their agreements would face a dress the valid concerns raised by the June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6043 GAO. At the same time, we must re- public comment pursuant to the provisions the last 20 years, 16 laws have been en- main cognizant of the basic soundness of section 553 of title 5, United States Code, acted that require employers to amend of the waiver program and strive to im- regarding notice or opportunity for com- their pension plans and then notify prove and reform it. The waiver process ment. their workers of changes. It is not a has made basic health care available to SEC. 5. DEFINITIONS. simple task. If employers have prob- many communities with desperate In this Act: lems trying to comply with Federal re- (1) APPLICANT.—The term ‘‘applicant’’ needs. means an alien as described in clause (iii) of quirements, it is understandable that Mr. President, in conclusion I would section 212(e) of the Immigration and Na- workers and retirees are having trouble emphasize the hardships which face tionality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(e)). getting a grasp on how their pension many of our Nation’s urban and rural (2) SECRETARY.—The term ‘‘Secretary’’ works. residents as a result of the crisis in means the Secretary of the Department of Trying to educate yourself about health care availability. The J–1 visa Housing and Urban Development.∑ pensions implies that someone is out waiver program is an important tool to there providing information to those address these needs. The reforms to the By Mr. GRASSLEY (for himself who need it. That is where the legisla- current waiver process are also critical and Mr. BREAUX): tion that I am introducing today comes to ensuring that any noncompliance S. 948. A bill to amend the Older in. People who are concerned about within the program is eradicated. I Americans Act of 1965 to improve the their pensions—whether it’s an unin- urge my colleagues to support the provisions relating to pension rights tentional mistake or outright fraud— Community Health Care Access Act of demonstration projects; to the Com- often don’t have anywhere to go for ex- 1997 in order to ensure that the waiver mittee on Labor and Human Resources. pert advice. program remains a viable option in ad- THE PENSION ASSISTANCE AND COUNSELING ACT Fortunately, there is an answer. Al- dressing our country’s local health OF 1997 ready authorized by the Older Ameri- care needs for years to come. Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, cans Act, seven pension counseling I ask unanimous consent that the today I am introducing legislation to projects have assisted thousands of text of the bill be printed in the achieve one of my primary objectives people around this country with their RECORD. as chairman of the Special Committee pension problems. These projects pro- There being no objection, the bill was on Aging: to help workers and retirees vide information and counseling to re- ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as achieve a secure retirement. tirees, and young and old workers in a follows: As with any discussion about retire- very cost-effective manner. S. 944 ment planning, it is the norm to point Each project received $75,000 of Fed- Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- to the ‘‘three-legged stool’’ of retire- eral assistance over a 17-month period. resentatives of the United States of America in ment—Social Security, personal sav- As is normal for other programs under Congress assembled, ings, and a pension. Unfortunately, the the Older Americans Act, these dollars SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. legs of the stool may be getting were supplemented by money raised This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Community warped. from private sources. During their op- Health Care Access Act of 1997’’. Just this week, the Aging Committee eration, the projects recovered nearly SEC. 2. PROCEDURES. confronted an issue that is affecting $2 million in pension benefits and pay- (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—Pursuant to section hundreds of thousands of workers and ments. That is a return of $4 for every 212(e) and section 214(l) of the Immigration retirees—miscalculation of their hard- $1 spent. and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(e) and 8 earned pensions. This hearing was in- My legislation contains two key pro- U.S.C. 1184(l)), the Secretary shall establish tended to raise consumer awareness procedures under which an individual may visions: First, it updates the Older apply to the Secretary to request the Direc- about the need to be proactive about Americans Act to encourage the cre- tor of the United States Information Agency policing your pension. As one of our ation of more pension counseling to recommend a waiver of the foreign resi- witnesses said, ‘‘never assume your projects. Seven projects are not enough dence requirement under section 212(e) of the pension is error-free.’’ to reach the 80 million people who are Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. While it is impossible to know how covered by pensions in this country. 1182(e)) for that individual. many pension payments and lump sum Hopefully, more counseling projects (b) REQUIREMENTS.—The procedures under distributions may be miscalculated, we can be established to provide more re- subsection (a) shall require the Secretary to know the number is on the rise. An issue a request on behalf of an applicant gionally comprehensive assistance. whenever the applicant— audit conducted by the Pension Benefit Second, the legislation would create (1) meets the requirements under section Guaranty Corporation—focused on an 800 number that people could call 214(l) (8 U.S.C. 1184(l)) of the Immigration plans that were voluntarily termi- for one-stop advice on where to get as- and Nationality Act; and nated—showed that the number of peo- sistance. Jurisdiction over pension is- (2) meets such other terms and conditions ple underpaid has increased from 2.8 to sues is spread across three government established by the Secretary, which may in- 8.2 percent. Anecdotal evidence sug- agencies—none of which are focused on clude a requirement for the applicant to in- gests that the number of people receiv- clude as part of the waiver application a helping individuals with individual written agreement on the part of the health ing lump sum distributions who end up problems—especially if the problem facility or health care organization named in getting shortchanged could be 15 to 20 does not seem to be a clear fiduciary the application to provide the Secretary percent. Those numbers are very dis- breach or indicate that there may be with— turbing. The practical impact is that criminal wrongdoing. An 800 number (A) periodic notification of the applicant’s retirees, and young and old workers linking people to assistance will help continued employment; and alike, are losing dollars that they have close that gap. (B) immediate notification of a failure on earned. I look forward to working with the the part of the applicant to comply with the terms of the contract between the applicant Workers and retirees need to be Labor Subcommittee on Aging, the en- and the health facility or health care organi- aware that they are at risk. They can tity with jurisdiction over the Older zation. help themselves by knowing how their Americans Act—to get these changes SEC. 3. HHS REPORTING REQUIREMENT. benefits are calculated, that they enacted as part of the reauthorization At least biannually, the Secretary shall should keep all the documents their this year. submit a report to the Secretary of Health employer gives them, and to start ask- It is also crucial to emphasize the and Human Services setting forth the num- ing questions at a young age—don’t need for pension counseling projects ber of requests issued under section 2 and wait until the eve of retirement. with congressional appropriators. The identifying the geographic areas in which Unfortunately, policing your pension projects have not received earmarked aliens serve under those requests. is not easy. Employers are trying to do funding since the end of fiscal year 1996 SEC. 4. IMPLEMENTATION. a good job but they are confronted with and we simply cannot afford to lose the Not later than 90 days after the date of en- actment of this Act, the Secretary shall one of the most complex regulatory expertise that has been developed over issue final regulations to implement the pro- schemes in the Federal Government. the last 31⁄2 years—especially in light of visions of the Act. Such regulations shall be Pensions operate in a complex universe the growing concern over pension secu- issued only after notice and opportunity for of laws, rules, and regulations. Over rity. S6044 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997 My committee has been focusing on Act of 1949 to authorize donation of (1) recognizes the importance of the con- preparing for the retirement of the Federal law enforcement canines that tributions of African-American music to baby boom generation—it can be an- are no longer needed for official pur- global culture and the positive impact of Af- rican-American music on global commerce; ticipated that the need for assistance poses to individuals with experience and with pensions will increase as that gen- handling canines in the performance of (2) calls on the people of the United States eration begins to retire. Social Secu- law enforcement duties. to take the opportunity to study, reflect on, rity, by itself, was never intended to be SENATE RESOLUTION 85 and celebrate the majesty, vitality, and im- the primary source of income for a re- At the request of Mr. GREGG, the portance of African-American music. tiree. A pension from an employer can names of the Senator from Oregon [Mr. Mr. SPECTER. Mr. President, this prove to be a determining factor in SMITH] and the Senator from Alaska resolution, being cosponsored by my whether retirees are able to maintain a [Mr. STEVENS] were added as cospon- distinguished colleague from Penn- decent standard of living. If there is no sors of Senate Resolution 85, a resolu- sylvania, Senator SANTORUM, and our one to go for assistance to get all of tion expressing the sense of the Senate distinguished colleague from Illinois, the pension they have earned, their that individuals affected by breast can- Senator MOSELEY-BRAUN, is a resolu- chances at a secure retirement are cer should not be alone in their fight tion to recognize the importance of Af- gloomy indeed. against the disease. rican-American music to global culture and to our Nation. AMENDMENT NO. 420 f This is especially important because At the request of Mr. COCHRAN the ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS this month of June is celebrated as name of the Senator from Indiana [Mr. Black Music Month, and the designa- S. 22 LUGAR] was added as a cosponsor of tion is particularly important to the At the request of Mr. MOYNIHAN, the amendment No. 420 proposed to S. 936, city of Philadelphia, which is the home names of the Senator from South Caro- an original bill to authorize appropria- of the International Association of Af- lina [Mr. HOLLINGS], the Senator from tions for fiscal year 1998 for military rican-American Music. North Dakota [Mr. DORGAN], and the activities of the Department of De- At the conclusion of the Civil War, Senator from Connecticut [Mr. fense, for military construction, and military band instruments were abun- LIEBERMAN] were added as cosponsors for defense activities of the Depart- dant and could be purchased for petty of S. 22, a bill to establish a bipartisan ment of Energy, to prescribe personnel cash or labor. It was during this time national commission to address the strengths for such fiscal year for the that the first age of African-American year 2000 computer problem. Armed Forces, and for other purposes. music, Ragtime, was born, and when S. 537 At the request of Mr. THURMOND his Eubie Blake composed his famous At the request of Ms. MIKULSKI, the name was added as a cosponsor of ‘‘Charleston Rag.’’ Jazz artists flour- name of the Senator from South Da- amendment No. 420 proposed to S. 936, ished later, including W.C. Handy, kota [Mr. JOHNSON] was added as a co- supra. Duke Ellington, and Count Basie. Doz- sponsor of S. 537, a bill to amend title f ens of African-American female singers III of the Public Health Service Act to SENATE CONCURRENT RESOLU- contributed their talents as well— revise and extend the mammography TION 34—RECOGNIZING THE IM- among them Bessie Smith, followed by quality standards program. PORTANCE OF AFRICAN-AMER- Ella Fitzgerald. Today, African-American music’s S. 570 ICAN MUSIC universal popularity and appeal is evi- At the request of Mr. NICKLES, the Mr. SPECTER (for himself, Mr. denced through the appreciation of name of the Senator from Indiana [Mr. SANTORUM, and Ms. MOSELEY-BRAUN) other cultures. Non-African-American LUGAR] was added as a cosponsor of S. submitted the following concurrent musical artists, such as Elvis Presley, 570, a bill to amend the Internal Reve- resolution; which was referred to the the Beatles, and Bonnie Raitt, have nue Code of 1986 to exempt certain Committee on the Judiciary. cited African-American artists as in- small businesses from the mandatory S. CON. RES. 34 spiration for their own music. Glob- electronic fund transfer system. Whereas artists, songwriters, producers, ally, African-American music is appre- S. 738 engineers, educators, executives, and other ciated for its impact on language, At the request of Mrs. HUTCHISON, the professionals in the music industry provide dance, art, and media, as well as social name of the Senator from Ohio [Mr. inspiration and leadership through their cre- and cultural values. DEWINE] was added as a cosponsor of S. ation of music, dissemination of educational Its impact on our Nation’s economy 738, a bill to reform the statutes relat- information, and financial contributions to charitable and community-based organiza- is just as great. The African-American ing to Amtrak, to authorize appropria- tions; music industry supports and creates tions for Amtrak, and for other pur- Whereas African-American music is indige- countless jobs worldwide, from publish- poses. nous to the United States and originates ing companies to concert and club S. 770 from African genres of music; venues to advertisers. The Recording Whereas African-American genres of music At the request of Mr. NICKLES, the Industry Association of America re- such as gospel, blues, jazz, rhythm and blues, ports that, in 1995, combined sales of name of the Senator from Mississippi rap, and hip-hop have their roots in the Afri- [Mr. COCHRAN] was added as a cospon- can-American experience; what it terms ‘‘urban music’’—includ- sor of S. 770, a bill to encourage pro- Whereas African-American music has a ing soul, dance, funk, and reggae— duction of oil and gas within the Unit- pervasive influence on dance, fashion, lan- amounted to $1.4 billion. Furthermore, ed States by providing tax incentives, guage, art, literature, cinema, media, adver- if jazz, gospel, and rap are combined— and for other purposes. tisements, and other aspects of culture; all genres in which there are signifi- Whereas the prominence of African-Amer- cant African-American contributions— S. 832 ican music in the 20th century has reawak- the total rises to nearly $3 billion. At the request of Mr. KOHL, the name ened interest in the legacy and heritage of The work of Philadelphia’s Inter- of the Senator from Arkansas [Mr. the art form of African-American music; national Association of African-Amer- HUTCHINSON] was added as a cosponsor Whereas African-American music embodies the strong presence of, and significant con- ican Music helps to share the virtues of of S. 832, a bill to amend the Internal African-American music with people Revenue Code of 1986 to increase the tributions made by, African-Americans in the music industry and society as a whole; around the world. This resolution rec- deductibility of business meal expenses Whereas the multibillion dollar Africa- ognizes the work of those who help fos- for individuals who are subject to Fed- American music industry contributes great- ter understanding of African-American eral limitations on hours of service. ly to the domestic and worldwide economy; culture through music, including the S. 861 and generations of African-American musi- Whereas African-American music has a At the request of Mr. INHOFE, the positive impact on and broad appeal to di- cians whose talents have enriched name of the Senator from Idaho [Mr. verse groups, both nationally and inter- America. KEMPTHORNE] was added as a cosponsor nationally: Now, therefore, be it It is my hope that the Senate will of S. 861, a bill to amend the Federal Resolved by the Senate (the House of Rep- adopt this resolution. A companion res- Property and Administrative Services resentatives concurring), That Congress— olution has been introduced in the June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6045

House by Congressman CHAKA FATTAH assemblies, or subassemblies, and the testing ‘‘(C) all of the information upon which the and it has bipartisan support from 58 and reclamation of equipment as necessary, Secretary determined that the total costs to House Members. In conclusion, I urge regardless of the source of funds for the the Government would be less under the con- maintenance or repair. The term includes all my Senate colleagues to join me in tract is available for examination; and aspects of software maintenance and such ‘‘(D) none of the depot-level maintenance supporting this important recognition portions of interim contractor support, con- and repair to be performed under the con- of African-American music. tractor logistics support, or any similar con- tract was considered, before July 1, 1995, to f tractor support for the performance of serv- be a core logistics capability of the Air ices that are described in the preceding sen- Force pursuant to section 2464 of this title. AMENDMENTS SUBMITTED tence. ‘‘(3) CAPACITY OF DEPOT-LEVEL ACTIVITIES.— ‘‘(b) EXCEPTION.—The term does not in- For purposes of paragraph (2)(A), the capac- clude the following: ity of depot-level maintenance and repair ac- THE NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHOR- ‘‘(1) Ship modernization activities that tivities shall be considered to be the same as IZATION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR were not considered to be depot-level main- the maximum potential capacity identified tenance and repair activities under regula- 1998 by the Defense Base Closure and Realign- tions of the Department of Defense in effect ment Commission for purposes of the selec- on March 30, 1997. tion in 1995 of military installations for clo- ‘‘(2) A procurement of a modification or GRAMS AMENDMENT NO. 422 sure or realignment under the Defense Base upgrade of a major weapon system.’’ Closure and Realignment Act of 1990, with- Mr. GRAMS proposed an amendment (b) CLERICAL AMENDMENT.—The table of out regard to any limitation on the maxi- sections at the beginning of such chapter is mum number of Federal employees (ex- to amendment No. 420 proposed by Mr. amended by inserting before the item relat- pressed as full time equivalent employees or COCHRAN to the bill (S. 936) to author- ing to section 2461 the following new item: otherwise) in effect after 1995, Federal em- ize appropriations for fiscal year 1998 ‘‘2460. Definition of depot-level maintenance for military activities of the Depart- ployment levels after 1995, or the actual and repair.’’. availability of equipment to support depot- ment of Defense, for military construc- SEC. . RESTRICTIONS ON CONTRACTS FOR PER- level maintenance and repair after 1995. FORMANCE OF DEPOT-LEVEL MAIN- tion, and for defense activities of the ‘‘(4) GAO REVIEW.—At the same time that Department of Energy, to prescribe TENANCE AND REPAIR AT CERTAIN FACILITIES. the Secretary submits the certification and personnel strengths for such fiscal year Section 2469 of title 10, United States Code, analysis to Congress under paragraph (2), the for the Armed Forces, and for other is amended— Secretary shall submit a copy of the certifi- purposes; as follows: (1) in subsections (a) and (b), by striking cation and analysis to the Comptroller Gen- eral. The Comptroller General shall review In lieu of the matter proposed to be in- out ‘‘or repair’’ and inserting in lieu thereof the analysis and the information referred to serted, insert the following: ‘‘and repair’’; and in subparagraph (C) of paragraph (2) and, not SEC. . GAO STUDY ON CERTAIN COMPUTERS. (2) by adding at the end the following new subsection: later than 30 days after Congress receives the (a) IN GENERAL.—The Comptroller General ‘‘(d) RESTRICTION ON CONTRACTS AT CERTAIN certification, submit to Congress a report of the United States shall conduct a study of FACILITIES.— containing a statement regarding whether the national security risks relating to the ‘‘(1) RESTRICTION.—The Secretary of De- the Comptroller General concurs with the sale of computers with composite theoretical fense may not enter into any contract for determination of the Secretary included in performance of between 2,000 and 7,000 mil- the performance of depot-level maintenance the certification pursuant to subparagraph lion theoretical operations per second to and repair of weapon systems or other mili- (B) of that paragraph. end-users in Tier 3 countries. The study shall tary equipment of the Department of De- ‘‘(5) APPLICATION.—This subsection shall also analyze any foreign availability of com- fense, or for the performance of management apply with respect to any contract described puters described in the preceding sentence functions related to depot-level maintenance in paragraph (1) that is entered into, or pro- and the impact of such sales on United and repair of such systems or equipment, at posed to be entered into, after January 1, States exporters. any military installation of the Air Force 1997.’’. (b) PUBLICATION OF END-USER LIST.—The where a depot-level maintenance and repair Secretary of Commerce shall publish in the SEC. . CORE LOGISTICS FUNCTIONS OF DEPART- facility was approved in 1995 for closure or Federal Register a list of military and nu- MENT OF DEFENSE. realignment under the Defense Base Closure clear end-users of the computers described in Section 2464(a) of title 10, United States and Realignment Act of 1990 (part A of title subsection (a), except any end-user with re- Code, is amended— XXIX of Public Law 101–510; 10 U.S.C. 2687 spect to whom there is an administrative (1) in paragraph (1), by striking out ‘‘a lo- note). In the preceding sentence, the term finding that such publication would jeopard- gistics capability (including personnel, ‘military installation of the Air Force’ in- ize the user’s sources and methods. equipment, and facilities)’’ and inserting in cludes a former military installation closed (c) END-USER ASSISTANCE TO EXPORTERS.— lieu thereof ‘‘a core logistics capability that or realigned under the Act that was a mili- The Secretary of Commerce shall establish a is Government-owned and Government-oper- tary installation of the Air Force when it procedure by which exporters may seek in- ated (including Federal Government person- was approved for closure or realignment formation on questionable end-users. nel and Government-owned and Government- under the Act. (d) DEFINITION OF TIER 3 COUNTRY.—For operated equipment and facilities)’’; ‘‘(2) EXCEPTION.—Paragraph (1) shall not purposes of this section, the term ‘‘Tier 3 (2) in paragraph (2)— apply with respect to an installation or country’’ has the meaning given such term (A) by inserting ‘‘core’’ before ‘‘logistics’’; former installation described in such para- in section 740.7 of title 15, Code of Federal and graph if the Secretary of Defense certifies to Regulations. (B) by adding at the end the following: Congress, not later than 45 days before enter- ‘‘Each year, the Secretary of Defense shall ing into a contract for performance of depot- submit to Congress a report describing each level maintenance and repair at the installa- INHOFE (AND OTHERS) logistics capability that the Secretary iden- tion or former installation, that— AMENDMENT NO. 423 tifies as a core logistics capability.’’; and ‘‘(A) not less than 75 percent of the capac- (3) by adding at the end the following new Mr. COVERDELL (for Mr. INHOFE, for ity at each of the depot-level maintenance paragraphs: himself, Mr. COVERDELL, Mr. CLELAND, and repair activities of the Air Force is being and Mr. BENNETT) proposed an amend- utilized on an ongoing basis to perform in- ‘‘(3) Those core logistics activities identi- ment to the bill, S. 936, supra; as fol- dustrial operations in support of the depot- fied under paragraphs (1) and (2) shall in- lows: level maintenance and repair of weapon sys- clude the capability, facilities, and equip- tems and other military equipment of the ment to maintain and repair the types of At the end of subtitle B of title III, add the weapon systems and other military equip- following: Department of Defense; ‘‘(B) the Secretary has determined, on the ment (except systems and equipment under SEC. . DEFINITION OF DEPOT-LEVEL MAINTE- basis of a detailed analysis (which the Sec- special access programs and aircraft car- NANCE AND REPAIR. retary shall submit to Congress with the cer- riers) that are identified by the Secretary, in (a) DEPOT-LEVEL MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR tification), that the total amount of the consultation with the Joint Chiefs of Staff, DEFINED.—Chapter 146 of title 10, United costs of the proposed contract to the Govern- as necessary to enable the armed forces to States Code, is amended by inserting before ment, both recurring and nonrecurring and fulfill the contingency plans prepared under section 2461 the following new section: including any costs associated with planning the responsibility of the Chairman of the ‘‘§ 2460. Definition of depot-level maintenance for and executing the proposed contract, Joint Chiefs of Staff set forth in section and repair would be less than the costs that would oth- 153(a)(3) of this title. ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In this chapter, the erwise be incurred if the depot-level mainte- ‘‘(4) The Secretary of Defense shall require term ‘depot-level maintenance and repair’ nance and repair to be performed under the the performance of core logistics functions means materiel maintenance or repair re- contract were performed using equipment identified under paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) at quiring the overhaul or rebuilding of parts, and facilities of the Department of Defense; Government-owned, Government-operated S6046 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997

facilities of the Department of Defense (in- tion of the USS Missouri is opened, the Navy AMERICA’S RELATIONS WITH VIETNAM—AC- cluding Government-owned, Government-op- may not add to or revise the requirements COMPLISHMENTS, CHALLENGES, AND POTEN- erated facilities of a military department) and evaluation criteria that are applicable in TIAL and shall assign such facilities the minimum the selection process on that date. (Remarks of Desaix Anderson) workloads necessary to ensure cost effi- f In the year and half since normalization, ciency and technical proficiency in peace- Vietnamese and Americans, working to- time while preserving the surge capacity and gether, have laid the foundations for a to- reconstitution capabilities necessary to sup- NOTICE OF HEARING tally different relationship between our two port fully the contingency plans referred to COMMITTEE ON SMALL BUSINESS countries. While cognizant of our tortuous in paragraph (3).’’. history of the past fifty years, our leaders Mr. BOND. Mr. President, I wish to agreed in 1995 to look to the future, to build GORTON (AND MURRAY) announce that the Committee on Small on common goals seeking peace, stability, AMENDMENT NO. 424 Business will hold a markup on the and prosperity in our nations and in the East HUBZone Act of 1997 and the Small Asia Pacific region. We realized that build- (Ordered to lie on the table.) Business Reauthorization Act of 1997. ing trust and mutual confidence was the Mr. GORTON (for himself and Mrs. The markup will be held on June 26, most important requirement to construct MURRAY) submitted an amendment in- this new relationship. 1997, beginning at 9:30 a.m. in room On that basis we began to pick up the links tended to be proposed by them to the 428A of the Russell Senate Office Build- bill, S. 936, supra; as follows: of personal and non-governmental contacts ing. which emerged and survived over the years, At the end of subtitle B of title X, add the For further information, please con- despite the estrangement between our gov- following: tact Paul Cooksey at 224–5175. ernments, and to call on the goodwill which SEC. 1014. SELECTION PROCESS FOR DONATION we have found to be widely flourishing in OF THE USS MISSOURI. f both countries, and to begin to construct the (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the follow- foundation for a friendly, contemporary rela- ing findings: AUTHORITY FOR COMMITTEE TO tionship. To enjoy a normal relationship, (1) The USS Missouri is a ship of historical MEET that foundation has to be composed of hun- significance that commands considerable dreds of thousands of expanding networks public interest. SUBCOMMITTEE ON YOUTH VIOLENCE not just between governments but between (2) The Navy has undertaken to donate the Mr. COVERDELL. Mr. President, I our peoples, as well. USS Missouri to a recipient that would me- ask unanimous consent that the Sub- So, I salute the US-Vietnam Trade Coun- cil, Virginia Foote, the NGO’s, the Vietnam morialize the ship’s historical significance committee on Youth Violence, of the appropriately and has selected a recipient vets, the Vietnam Veterans Association, pursuant to that undertaking. Senate Committee on the Judiciary be hundreds of American businessmen and (3) More than one year after the applicants authorized to meet during the session women, the media, itinerant English teach- for selection began working on their propos- of the Senate on Friday, June 20, 1997, ers, universities, tour groups, the Vietnam- als in accordance with requirements pre- at 9 a.m. to hold a hearing at the St. America Friendship Association, individual viously specified by the Navy, the Navy im- Louis Fire Department Headquarters, Americans, as well as the Government offi- posed two additional requirements and af- 1421 N. Jefferson, St. Louis, MO, on: cials and leaders who have played their roles in initiating this new relationship. forded the applicants only two weeks to re- ‘‘Combating Youth Violence: Tracking spond to the new requirements, requirement Violent Juveniles and Targeting Adults ACCOMPLISHMENTS never previously used in any previous dona- All we have sought to do and accomplished tions process. Who Use Them.’’ fits nicely under the rubric former National (4) Despite the inadequacy of the oppor- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Security Advisor Anthony Lake brought to tunity afforded applicants to comply with objection, it is so ordered. Vietnam last July, in saying, ‘‘America’s vi- the two new requirement, and without in- sion of Vietnam is of a strong and prosperous forming the applicants of the intention to do f country, well integrated into regional and so, the Navy officials gave three times as global institutions.’’ much weight to the new requirements than ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS Hear the breadth of what has been going they did to their own original requirements on. in evaluating the applicants. We are cooperating diligently with the Vi- etnamese to account for missing Ameri- (5) Moreover, Navy officials revised the AMERICA’S RELATIONS WITH evaluation subcriteria for the ‘‘public bene- cans—our top priority—even as we work to fits’’ requirements after all applications had VIETNAM find ways to strengthen further bilateral and unilateral efforts to reach successful conclu- been submitted and reviewed, thereby never ∑ Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. President, it was giving applicants an opportunity to address sions. my pleasure last week to welcome back We adopted for cooperation two important their applications to the revised subcriteria. to Washington, His Excellency, Desaix Vietnamese goals—strengthening health and (6) The General Accounting Office criti- Anderson, who has returned from Viet- education. The Centers for Disease Control, cized the revised process for inadequate no- nam where he served for almost 2 years the National Institutes of Health, with tice and causing all applications to include strong support from HHS Secretary Donna inadequate information. as our Government’s Charge´ d’affaires in Hanoi. Shalala, are spearheading efforts contribut- (7) In spite of the GAO criteria, the Navy ing to Vietnam’s health system. A CDC doc- has refused to reopen its donation process for He worked very effectively to help tor will soon join the embassy staff to work the Missouri. establish a new relationship between full time on public and private health co- (b) NEW DONEE SELECTION PROCESS.—(1) our two countries and in the process operation between our countries. The em- The Secretary of the Navy shall— created a bond of friendship and mu- bassy, through some 30 Fulbright scholar- (A) set aside the selection of a recipient for tual trust that will serve us well as we ships and 25 international visitor grants an- donation of the USS Missouri; nually and the contribution of an American (B) initiate a new opportunity for applica- build on that well-laid foundation. He is now writing a book on the Unit- studies collection to Hanoi University, is tion and selection of a recipient for donation strengthening bilateral educational ties. In of the USS Missouri that opens not later ed States-Vietnam relationship and be- addition, thirty or so American universities than 30 days after the date of the enactment cause of his experience and intel- are working with Vietnamese counterparts of this Act; and ligence, I’m sure it will be an impor- to upgrade Vietnam’s education system. (C) in the new application and selection ef- tant contribution to our understanding Our Agriculture ministries are cooperating fort— closely to exchange information, develop (i) disregard all applications received, and of this unique subject. Before he left he discussed his im- policy alternatives, and promote exchanges evaluations made of those applications, be- such as the 18 upcoming Cochran fellowships fore the new opportunity is opened; pressions of the current situation and for young Vietnamese to study in profes- (ii) permit any interested party to apply recent events at a meeting of the Unit- sional fields in the US. for selection as the donee of the USS Mis- ed States-Vietnam Trade Council on FAA is working with the CAAV to upgrade souri; and April 7. It gives such an encouraging security and safety at Vietnam’s airports, (iii) ensure that all requirements, criteria, assessment of the possibilities for the looking to the day, soon we hope, to have and evaluation methods, including the rel- future in that country Senators should daily flights between American and Viet- ative importance of each requirement and take note of it. namese cities. A creative Vietnamese ap- criterion, are clearly communicated to each proach can facilitate this important goal. applicant. I ask that a copy of Mr. Anderson’s Representatives from the Departments of (2) After the date on which the new oppor- remarks be printed in the RECORD. State and Commerce, the Federal Commu- tunity for application and selection for dona- The remarks follow: nications Commission and the U.S. Trade June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6047 Representative have initiated exchanges nomic health and growth, and its ability to way for another of Vietnam’s avowed policy with DGPT/VVPT on the Telecom regulatory take full advantage of the genius of its peo- goals, accelerated entry into WTO. The environment. ple. complementarity of the US and Vietnamese DEA, Customs, and State are all at work We can contribute positively to that proc- Economies would ensure rapid growth of bi- with Vietnamese counterparts in common ess. Vietnam’s dramatic change from a cen- lateral trade and investment, benefitting purpose to stem illicit narcotics use and trally controlled economy to rule of law and both sides; the US would certainly become flow. The Secret Service is cooperating with a market economy is still a work in one of the major investors in Vietnam’s eco- Vietnamese authorities to stem crimes such progress. Vietnam’s society will ultimately nomic and human resource development. as counterfeiting and credit card fraud. be shaped by economic growth, education, We can anticipate increasing consonnance USAID is helping to supply prosthetic de- access to information including through a in our strategic views of Vietnam integrates vices and assist displaced children. free press, extended interaction with the rest into ASEAN. There are generally no major We have burgeoning cooperation in of the world, and, most importantly, its own disagreements in our respective national in- science, technology, energy, and the environ- culture and history. terests. The basis for cooperative efforts to ment, involving some nine US Government To this end, we must get to know each seek peaceful solutions to transnational and agencies. other and be candid about our perceptions other problems in the region already exists. 1.5 million Vietnamese-Americans ensure Military-to-military relations now consist one of the other, always in a spirit of mutual growing human contacts between our two of discussions of regional security percep- respect and tolerance. Honest words may not countries. The opportunities for rich cul- tions and the exchange of visits. always be so welcome, but it is important for Hundreds of thousands of Vietnamese have tural, educational, scientific and techno- each to understand what the other is about, resettled in the US under the Orderly Depar- logical exchange between our dynamic soci- what its values are, what its principles are, ture Program or ‘‘ODP’’, and in January, we eties will inexorably be enhanced. what it stands for; while tolerating valid dif- reached agreement on an arrangement called Finally, the spirits of our two countries ferences in approach. ROVR, under which certain Vietnamese re- can overcome the anguish of the past and we Finally, we are challenged to work in part- turnees from SE Asian camps can be inter- can enjoy the friendly, constructive relation- nership to conclude economic normalization viewed under ODP for possible resettlement ship which our two peoples deserve. (a comprehensive trade agreement; MFN, in the US. I invite you all to share in such a vision. We are working at common purposes in EXIM, OPIC, and TDA) and a civil aviation With the good will and commitment by peo- multilateral fora—such as in the ASEAN re- agreement so that our societies can enjoy ple such as yourselves, a strong partnership gional forum to build confidence and pro- the kind of extensive links of which two such between Vietnam and the United States is mote peaceful resolution of disputes in the culturally rich societies are capable. not just possible. It becomes probable. For us to realize the full potential of our Thank you. region. We also manage to discuss candidly ∑ relationship, Vietnam is challenged to move and quietly some of the most sensitive issues f briskly to fulfill its self-announced policy of concern on each side. BUDGET RECONCILIATION Over 400 American companies last year goal of establishing a market economy; to promoted over one billion dollars in US-Viet- this end, I would suggest the following: LEGISLATION nam trade in goods and services. US invest- (1) Rapid reform of the State-owned enter- ∑ Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, today ment topped US 1.2 billion. By their associa- prise system, which currently sustains ineffi- the Budget Committee is scheduled to cient, uncompetitive enterprises, often ori- tion and employment by US companies, report out the budget reconciliation thousands of eager young Vietnamese are ented to import-substitution, and which di- verts both domestic and foreign investment spending bill. Unfortunately, I was un- learning the way we think and do business in able to be present for the final vote, a market economy. from potentially more productive uses. Ef- Finally, a Secretary Rubin and Finance fective equitization of State-owned enter- but had I been here I would have voted Minister Hung this morning signed a signifi- prises would create the basis for a stock ‘‘aye.’’ cant debt agreement, overcoming this major market, the necessary mechanism for realiz- Several months ago I made a com- obstacle to advancing our economic rela- ing Vietnam’s potential to mobilize its own mitment to the graduating class at tions. domestic savings and absorb the considerable North Seattle Community College that amount of portfolio investment available THE CHALLENGES I would be honored to be their 1997 from abroad. commencement speaker. This commit- These developments should not be seen as (2) Create a genuinely level domestic play- fragile, but challenges to developing the ing field for Vietnam’s multisector economy, ment was extremely important to me kind of friendly, constructive relationship including equal encouragement of the pri- and the graduating class, I simply we envisage between Vietnam and the United vate sector in which most new employment could not back out at the last minute. States remain clear and formidable. We must and growth has occurred. Today’s Budget Committee mark up overcome residual wariness, animosities and (3) Open the trading and investment sys- was not finalized until last night. distrust in both countries. Vietnamese must tems to require Vietnam’s economy to learn I am extremely troubled by some of trust that we have come with good will, have competitiveness, perhaps the hard way, but the provisions within the reconcili- no ulterior motives or conspiracies to sub- looking to the long term, to avoid falling vert or overthrow their system, and recog- ation package as I believe that they further behind its neighbors and putting at violate the bipartisan balanced budget nize that American economic activities sup- risk continued foreign investment. port their own ‘‘DOI MOI’’ or renovation pol- (4) Accelerate opening of the agricultural agreement that was recently adopted. I icy. Americans must recognize the extraor- sector to foreign investment, and liberalize am also disappointed that the commit- dinary efforts Vietnam is making to help us the rice export market. Eliminating the tee will not have final legislative lan- in accounting for the missing from the war; state sector middlemen and their rents guage and final CBO numbers on parts continuing suspicion is misplaced. We must would raise income to the farmers from rice of the Finance Committee sections. It all put the past to rest and concentrate on perhaps by 20 percent, and help curb the is difficult to understand why the lead- the challenges and opportunities of the huge 30 percent losses to pests, rodents, ership is in such a rush to complete ac- present and future. spoilage and poor transportation which I have noticed and welcomed the greater tion on major changes to Medicare and occur now because of the current export sys- openness and diversity of Vietnam’s society Medicaid. This rush to bring this bill to tem. In one stroke such changes would raise today than when I arrived. There is a com- rural incomes for the eighty percent of all the floor does jeopardize our efforts to mitment to developing the rule of law. The Vietnamese who live in rural areas, reduce enact a balanced budget. National Assembly and locally elected Peo- the rural-urban gap, and curb the disloca- As we all know the Budget Commit- ples’ Councils gradually are gaining stature tions resulting from urban migration. tee cannot amend the reconciliation as deliberative, representative bodies. I have (5) Accelerate reform of the financial sys- legislation. This will be done on the observed more candid public and private de- tem—including making available equity bate on the burning issues of the day, and ex- floor next week. At that time I will be credit and credit for export financing. supporting amendments that ensure pansion of the amount and kinds of informa- (6) Finally, make the environment for for- tion available domestically and from abroad. this package is in compliance with the eign business more hospitable, transparent, agreement and that it does not violate There is a vibrant artistic scene, and the and objective with clear avenues for dispute government has arrived at a formula for ac- resolution. our commitment to our Nation’s senior cess to internet, albeit controlled. Private citizens and our children. We must citizens are allowed to worship in their faith, THE POTENTIAL seize on this unique opportunity to bal- have more latitude to make their own Marking clearly Vietnam’s intentions in ance the budget, reform Medicare and these directions would accelerate conclusion choices, and are travelling abroad for busi- expand health benefits for children. ness and pleasure in increasing numbers. The of the US-Vietnam Trade Agreement and, result is a society taking on increasing com- through, MFN, provide Vietnam access to Unfortunately, as it stands now it does plexity and verve. the huge US market for Vietnamese goods not appear that the current reconcili- Continuing and expanding these trends will and trade—a prerequisite for getting on the ation language will achieve these help Vietnam’s long term stability, eco- fast track to ‘‘tiger status’’—and pave the goals. S6048 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 20, 1997 Today’s action by the Budget Com- putting Americans at an equal footing Senate completes its business today, it mittee is an important step in the with the rest of the world. This impor- stand in adjournment until the hour of process which is why I would have tant legislation gives U.S. copyright 10 a.m. on Monday, June 23d. Further, voted to report the measure to the full owners parity with the European Union I ask unanimous consent that on Mon- Senate. This does not mean that the by adopting a life plus 70 year term. I day, immediately following the prayer, package is one I will support when it strongly feel this act will help balance the routine requests for the morning reaches the floor. I am simply acting to the inadequacies that currently exist hour be granted and the Senate then be move us closer to achieving a balanced between the United States and the Eu- in a period of morning business until 12 budget. ropean Union.∑ noon, with Senators permitted to I am disappointed that this legisla- f speak up to 5 minutes with the follow- tion does violate the agreement that ing exceptions: Senator DASCHLE, or AMENDING SECTION 2118 OF THE we worked so hard to achieve. But, I his designee, 60 minutes, from the hour ENERGY POLICY ACT OF 1992 am hopeful that significant improve- of 10 to 11 o’clock; Senator THOMAS, or ments will be made on the floor and Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I his designee, 60 minutes, from the hour that we can sent to the President a bill ask unanimous consent that the Sen- of 11 to 12 o’clock. that he can sign.∑ ate now proceed to the consideration of The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without f Calendar No. 82, H.R. 363. objection, it is so ordered. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The COPYRIGHT TERM EXTENSION ACT Mr. MURKOWSKI. I further ask clerk will report. OF 1997 unanimous consent that at the hour of The assistant legislative clerk read 12 noon, the Senate proceed to consid- ∑ Mr. ABRAHAM. Mr. President, as follows: today, I rise to express my support for eration of S. 947, the budget reconcili- the Copyright Term Extension Act of A bill (H.R. 363) to amend section 2118 of ation bill. the Energy Policy Act of 1992 to extend the 1997. This legislation enjoyed unani- electric and magnetic fields research and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without mous support from members of the Ju- public information dissemination program. objection, it is so ordered. diciary Committee and I am hopeful The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there the full Senate will share our views. f In the area of copyrights, patents, objection to the immediate consider- and other sources of intellectual prop- ation of the bill? erty, our Nation is now at a tremen- There being no objection, the Senate PROGRAM proceeded to consider the bill. dous competitive disadvantage in the Mr. MURKOWSKI. For the informa- Mr. MURKOWSKI. I ask unanimous global marketplace. Despite the fact tion of all Senators, Monday the Sen- consent that the bill be deemed read the United States is the worldwide ate will be in a period of morning busi- the third time, passed, and the motion leader in intellectual property produc- ness until the hour of 12 noon. By pre- to reconsider be laid upon the table, tion, American authors, musicians, vious consent, at 12 o’clock the Senate and any statements relating to the bill filmmakers, and other creative artists will begin consideration of S. 947, the appear at this point in the RECORD. will not get their fair share of royalties budget reconciliation bill. As pre- due to them. Simply stated, U.S. copy- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. viously announced, all votes ordered right law protects the life of the author with respect to that bill on Monday plus 50 years. In the European Union The bill (H.R. 363) was deemed read the third time, and passed. will be stacked to occur on Tuesday, [EU], however, copyright terms cover June 24, at 9:30 a.m. Therefore, rollcall f life plus 70 years. Here lies the prob- votes will occur beginning at 9:30 a.m. lem. AUTHORITY FOR FINANCE on Tuesday or very close thereafter, as Four years ago the European Union COMMITTEE TO REPORT the majority leader announced Thurs- issued a directive mandating member day evening. countries to implement a copyright Mr. MURKOWSKI. I ask unanimous term of protection equal to the life of consent that the RECORD remain open There is a lot of work to be done the author plus 70 years by July 1, 1995. until the hour of 12 o’clock midnight prior to the Senate adjourning for the Currently eight countries in the EU tonight for the Finance Committee to Fourth of July recess. Therefore, Sen- have complied with this policy and file an original bill and written report. ators’ cooperation in scheduling of many others are following suit. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without floor action would be appreciated. With the advent of the Internet, digi- objection, it is so ordered. tal communications, increased sat- Mr. MURKOWSKI. I believe we are f ellite technology, and other commu- waiting for clearance from the minor- nications devices, the longevity of cre- ity, so I am sure in a moment or two ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 10 A.M., ative works has dramatically in- we can conclude the session of the Sen- MONDAY, JUNE 23, 1997 creased. Now anyone in the world can ate today, and I will proceed to act as access and use an American work with acting leader in concluding the closing Mr. MURKOWSKI. If there is no fur- merely a click of a finger. Because of requests. ther business to come before the Sen- these high-technology machines, the f ate, I now ask unanimous consent the United States continues to see dra- Senate stand in adjournment under the matic rises in illegal duplication cases ORDERS FOR MONDAY, JUNE 23, previous order. and millions of dollars lost. 1997 There being no objection, the Senate, The Copyright Term Extension Act Mr. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I at 3:32 p.m., adjourned until Monday, will reverse this disturbing trend by ask unanimous consent that when the June 23, 1997, at 10 a.m. June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E1277 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

COMMENDING CHAIRMAN ARCHER HONORING EARL W. STEPHENS SALUTE TO DON LEGG FOR HIS WORK ON THE TAX BILL HON. RALPH M. HALL HON. DALE E. KILDEE OF TEXAS HON. NEWT GINGRICH OF MICHIGAN IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF GEORGIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Friday, June 20, 1997 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Friday, June 20, 1997 Mr. HALL of Texas. Mr. Speaker, it is a privilege to rise today to honor an east Texan, Friday, June 20, 1997 Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, it is an honor for Don Legg of Kemp, who is a legendary home- me to rise before you today to pay tribute to town figure. Don was recognized this year at Mr. GINGRICH. Mr. Speaker, next week, Earl W. Stephens, the Illustrious Potentate of a county-wide celebration of his 90th birthday the House will take a historic series of votes Oman Temple No. 72. The Ancient Egyptian and of the many years spent in service to the on balancing the budget, saving Medicare, Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine will people of Kemp, TX, and Kaufman County. and cutting taxes. The Christian Coalition yes- hold their 43d Annual Potentate's Ball in honor Don has served his community in a variety terday sent a letter commending Chairman of Mr. Stephens on June 21, 1997. of ways over the years. He has served mul- ARCHER for his work on this bill and describing Earl Stephens was born in 1943 to Dock tiple years on the Kemp City Council, the the importance of these tax cuts to its mem- and Jerlyn Stephens in Gilliam, LA, as the Kaufman County Improvement Commission, bers. I enter that letter into the CONGRES- second oldest of 12 children. He began his the county board of the Visiting Nurses Asso- ciation, the Kaufman County Senior Citizens SIONAL RECORD. education at Hale Elementary School in Advisory Committee, and the North Central CHRISTIAN COALITION, Hosston, went on to attend Pine Valley School June 19, 1997. of Rodessa, LA, and graduated from Herndon Texas Council of Governments. He has Hon. NEWT GINGRICH, High School of Belcher, LA, in 1962. Upon served as either president or secretary of the Speaker of the House, Washington, DC. graduation, Mr. Stephens enlisted in the U.S. Kemp Chamber of Commerce since 1970, has been a deputy voter registrar and even has DEAR MR. SPEAKER: The Christian Coali- Air Force where he served our country honor- tion was pleased to support the Ways and ably for 4 years. He married the former helped take the census. Since 1992 Don has Means tax bill. As Chairman Archer cor- Ceatrice Williams and settled in Flint, MI, served as a reporter, photographer, and proof- rectly noted, there are $254 billion worth of where he began his 30-year career at Buick reader for the Monitor, Kemp's newspaper. He pro-family tax cuts in the bill, from the $500 Motor Division. is still an active, working member of the press. per child tax credit to the education tax in- Don also served his Nation well. During Mr. Stephens' commitment and generosity World War II he was the director of personnel centives to death tax relief. These are sig- are evidence by his involvement in numerous nificant and meaningful tax cuts for Ameri- of the American Red Cross and was respon- community organizations. Earl has been a ca’s families. sible for the entire Pacific Theater. He super- member of Gospel Temple Baptist Church vised the efforts of almost 2,000 Red Cross As you know, the $500 per child tax credit since 1969 and is currently cochairman of the workers and served with the Red Cross for 17 has been our highest legislative priority Deacon Board. Earl's other affiliations include years. since 1993. Under Chairman Archer’s bill, By-Laws Committee chairman of Unity for Jus- At 90 years of age, Don is still an active taxpayers with children will be able to keep tice, and treasurer and award chairperson for supporter of school functions and area stu- $150 billion of their own money thanks to the the Greater Flint Afro-American Hall of Fame. dents activities. During his younger years he $500 per child tax credit. Most significantly, In addition, Earl has been active with the Boy this includes taxpayers with children in the was a teacher and a coach, and he has been Scouts of America, where he now serves as an active member of the Kemp Athletic Boost- most expensive age group, teenagers. The commissioner of the Norwegian District of the $500 per child tax credit will go a long way to ers Club for many years. He has received nu- Tall Pine Council. In addition, Earl is a mem- merous awards from State and local officials relieve the crushing federal tax burden on ber of UAW Local 599 and holds the chair- the family and will enable parents to make but says that the honors he most cherishes manship of the Veterans Committee. Earl also their own decisions on how best to meet the are those given by students, as they are our serves as cochairman of the Credit Committee financial needs of their children. We also Nation's future leaders. at Security Federal Credit Union. In all of note that the bill contains $75 billion in edu- Mr. Speaker, I am honored to join Don these endeavors, Mr. Stephens has uplifted us cation tax incentives and $29 billion in death Legg's many friends and supporters in cele- tax relief that will be welcome news to fami- all with his kind spirit, knowledge, and effec- bration of his 90th birthday this year and in lies. These are important pro-family provi- tive leadership. wishing him continued health and happiness sions. Lastly, we note that we have always Mr. Stephens has held membership with the for many years to come. supported capital gains tax relief. While the John W. Stevenson Lodge No. 56 Prince Hall f Affiliated since September 1988 and served as capital gains provisions are not specifically TRIBUTE TO STUDENTS AT ST. targeted to families, families will definitely master in 1995±96. He joined the Saginaw LEO’S SCHOOL benefit from the capital gains relief. Valley Consistory No. 71 in 1989 and now We are concerned, though, about President serves as chancellor. In 1988, Mr. Stephens HON. NYDIA M. VELA´ ZQUEZ Clinton’s reaction to date. I just cannot began his affiliation with the Ancient Egyptian OF NEW YORK imagine that he would veto a bill that pro- Arabic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. In IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vides such significant tax relief to middle each of these roles, Mr. Stephens has worked class families. That would be a severe dis- tirelessly to achieve the goal of equal oppor- Friday, June 20, 1997 appointment to families with children. We tunity for all. He has been a mentor and a Ms. VELAÂ ZQUEZ. Mr. Speaker, it is with are urging him to support your bill. counselor to many of our young people. great pleasure that I rise today to pay a spe- Thank you and Chairman Archer for all Mr. Speaker, I ask you and my fellow Mem- cial tribute to a distinguished pair of students your hard work on behalf of America’s fami- bers of Congress to join me in honoring the Il- from St. Leo's School, who reside in my dis- lies. We look forward to working with you lustrious Potentate, Mr. Earl Stephens. His de- trict. Christopher and Jonathan Cadena are through out this process to sign long awaited votion to making this Nation a better place to brothers who attend St. Leo's which is located tax relief into law. live should reinforce our strong commitment to at 104±19 49th Avenue in Corona, Queens. Sincerely, our communities. We owe a debt of gratitude Christopher Mark Cadena was born on Jan- BRIAN LOPINA, to Earl, his wife Ceatrice, and their two chil- uary 6, 1989 and has just completed the sec- Director, Governmental Affairs Office. dren, Latricia and Royce. ond grade. As a second grader, in homeroom

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. E1278 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks June 20, 1997 2±2 instructed by Ms. Maria Delledera, Chris- ORANGE, CONNECTICUT CELE- work of Milpitas located in California's 13th topher has managed to excel in all of his sub- BRATES ITS 175TH ANNIVERSARY Congressional District. jects and achieve a record of straight A's. With Dick as been a dedicated member of our the recent results of the National Achievement HON. ROSA L. DeLAURO community for over 29 years. He has been an active member of the Milpitas Chamber since Test, Christopher ranked higher than 82 per- OF CONNECTICUT February 1998 who can always be counted on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cent of 2d graders nationwide. Overall he is to volunteer for such duties as the annual crab performing much higher than average in basic Friday, June 20, 1997 feed and serving on the golf tournament com- skills, reading, language and mathematics. It Ms. DELAURO. Mr. Speaker, on Sunday, mittees. He is also a well-known member of is my hope his achievement is a testament to June 22, the town of Orange will hold a Jubi- the Chamber's Ambassador Committee. his commitment to learning. Christopher's lee Celebration to commemorate its 175th an- Dick also served as president of the Milpitas prospects of becoming an NBA basketball niversary. I am proud to rise today to recog- Rotary Club for the 1996±97 year. Throughout player for the New York Knicks will hopefully nize the town of Orange and its people on this his years as a Rotarian he has been a mem- be realized but not without a solid educational very special occasion. ber of many of the Club's committees, chaired background first. In spirit of the former Senator Orange has a long, rich history and its resi- numerous projects for the Club and served in a variety of leadership roles. He has also been of New Jersey and former Knicks star the dents can look with pride on a community that an active member of numerous other commu- Honorable Bill Bradley. I wish him well. has retained its traditional style and appeal. Incorporated in 1822, the town of Orange was nity organizations including the Milpitas Jonathan Cadena, born on September 4, originally composed of the parish of North Mil- YMCA, Women and their Children Housing 1991, has completed his first step in what ford in Milford and the parish of West Haven [W.A.T.C.H], the American Cancer Society, promises hopes to be a long, successful, and in New Haven. Named for William, Prince of the American Heart Association, Big Brothers, prosperous road to law school or a doctorate Orange, the community has a history which and the First Presbyterian Church in Milpitas. degree in the field of his choice. He has com- dates back to the early 1600's. Dick Faux will be honored by his friends and colleagues at the Milpitas chambers' annual pleted his kindergarten K±2 class, instructed Industry arrived in Orange in 1776 but, for installation and awards banquet to be held on by Mrs. Mancuso, and will be entering first the most part, the town remained a farming Friday, June 19, 1997. I am proud to recog- grade in September. Christopher and Jona- community. A great source of pride for all the residents of Orange, the Hine farm is the Na- nize Mr. Dick Faux as the 1997 Milpitas Busi- than Cadena's continued hard work and effort tion's oldest business continuously operated ness Person of the Year. will lead them to a successful future filled with by the same family. Founded in 1639 by f hope and opportunity. None of this could be Thomas Hine, the farm has been worked by possible without the constant attention and CONGRATULATIONS TO THE 11 generations of the family. The farm serves PLANTATION SCHOOL support of their family. Mr. and Mrs. Hector as a reminder of Orange's past and is also an and Amparo Cadena have the lifelong respon- example of how the town of Orange will unite HON. PETER DEUTSCH sibility to ensure that their children always in support of members of the community. OF FLORIDA When the Hines lost their historic barn to fire maintain a high standard in education. This IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES should come easy as their grandparents, Mr. last summer, the town rallied around the fam- Friday, June 20, 1997 and Mrs. Fausto and Beatriz Rosero have also ily. This is truly a heartwarming example of committed themselves to raising and educat- how a community can come together to help Mr. DEUTSCH. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to members who are trying to get back on their congratulate the team from the Plantation Key ing their children at St. Leo's. This is the sec- feet. School from the Florida Keys which was re- ond generation of the Rosero family to attend Orange has a number of annual festivals cently awarded a top prize in the worldwide St. Leo's School. I hope it won't be the last. and traditions which bring the community to- Odssey of the Mind competition held at the The students at St. Leo's School must learn gether. In addition to the yearly Memorial Day University of Maryland. that the value of education is priceless. St. parade, there is a volunteer firemen's carnival In March the team won first place in Flor- Leo's has long provided the community of Co- which is not only popular with residents of Or- ida's statewide Odyssey of the Mind competi- rona and their students with the foundation ange but also draws people from all over the tion, thus qualifying them to represent Florida in the 18th annual world finals competition in necessary to be successful in all their endeav- region. In September, the town gathers to honor its agrarian past with the annual Orange early June. At the worldwide level, the team ors. The next generation of graduates must Country Fair. The fair features traditional rural competed against 5,000 students representing not only be encouraged to complete their edu- competitions and craft exhibitions. It is clear 740 schools from across the United States cation, but to do it well. They are responsible that the residents of Orange are very proud of and throughout the world. More than one mil- for paving the way for a better and brighter fu- the town's rich history. lion students participate each year in localized ture for their Nation, community, family, but Perhaps the best indication of the commu- competitions before the winners are selected most of all for themselves. nity spirit in Orange is the number of families to compete in the international finals. Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues in the who have chosen to live there for generations. The Plantation School group surpassed 54 U.S. and international teams in their division to U.S. House of Representatives to join me in They form a close-knit, caring community of exceptional citizens with solid values. receive the top award for exceptional creativity encouraging the following students who have I am very pleased to recognize the town of in team problem solving. Only 7 of the 740 started down the right path toward a success- Orange on its 175th anniversary. My very best participating teams were given this award. ful future: Jonathan CadenaÐK±2; Chris- wishes to all the residents as they celebrate Team members received individual gold topher CadenaÐ2±2; Christopher Hernan- this landmark occasion. medals at an awards ceremony attended by dezÐ3±1; Stephanie HernandezÐK±1; Ariana f more than 20,000 spectators. In addition, team MedinaÐ2±2; Andres PatinoÐ1±1; Jessica members' names will appear on a trophy on PatinoÐ3±2; Elizabeth CorreaÐ2±1; Antony CONGRATULATIONS TO DICK permanent display in the Explorer's Hall at the FAUX, MILPITAS’ 1997 BUSINESS ParedesÐ3±1. National Geographic Society headquarters in PERSON OF THE YEAR Washington, DC. The Gold Medalist student On behalf of Mr. Paul Corsello principal, and team members are Tehani Pestalozzi, Sarah Father Charles P. Keeney pastor of St. Leo's HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK Otto-Fitzdam, Jamie Shiereck, Kerry Clark, Parish, the students and most of all the teach- OF CALIFORNIA Leah Ekblom, Grant Turner, and Michael ers whose commitment to education are the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Ratliff. most inspirational of all lessons, I congratulate Mr. Speaker, I applaud these students for Friday, June 20, 1997 everyone, especially the graduating class of months of diligent work and for their excellent 1997 for their dedication in achieving high Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I would like to representation of Florida in this unique inter- standards and excellence in education. I wish take this opportunity to congratulate Mr. Dick national competition. Also to be commended is Faux who has recently been selected as the the team's longtime teacher and coordinator, all of them the best of luck in all their future 1997 Business Person of the Year by the Harriet Robbins, along with the team's coach- endeavors. Milpitas Chamber of Commerce. Mr. Faux is es, parents, and school principal, Sandi the co-owner of the Bankers Mortgage Net- Bisceglia, who gave their time and support. June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E1279 HONORING ROBERT W. HOWALD Virgil has served as chairman of the board Mr. Speaker, it is an honor for me to pay my of Bethany Baptist Church, city council mem- last respects to this man of many talents, this HON. DALE E. KILDEE ber, Cuyahoga County Commissioner, and di- great American and defender of freedom OF MICHIGAN rector of the County Board of Elections. throughout the worldÐthe late Robert Krieble. He has also served as a board member on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the St. Lawrence Seaway Development Board, f Friday, June 20, 1997 as a board member of the Greater Cleveland MONTANA—AT LARGE Mr. KILDEE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Roundtable and as an executive board mem- ask my colleagues to join me in honoring a ber of the March of Dimes. HON. RICK HILL man who has blessed our community with his His record of service has won him the dedication for many, many years. After a long praise and respect of his peers. Virgil was OF MONTANA and distinguished record of leadership, Robert named to the Hall of Fame of the National IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES W. Howald will retire on June 20, 1997 from Forum for Black Public Administrators and the Friday, June 20, 1997 Ohio Senior Citizen Hall of Fame. his position as dean of continuing education at Mr. HILL. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to make Charles Stewart Mott Community College in Mr. Speaker, Virgil E. Brown's life has been a gift to Cleveland, of whom the whole city is my colleagues aware of a project currently un- Flint, MI. derway in my State of Montana, the ``One Before pursuing his career in education, extremely proud. f Good Cow Project.'' Bob distinguished himself as an employee of As we all know, the Dakotas and eastern General Motors. Over the course of 31 years, TRIBUTE TO ROBERT KRIEBLE Montana were hit by devastating winter weath- Bob worked in a number of positions includ- er which caused the loss of more than ing, labor relations supervisor, education and HON. RALPH M. HALL 275,000 cattle in the Dakotas and 24,000 in training supervisor, time study engineer, and OF TEXAS Montana. plant safety director. Bob's responsibilities IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Michelle Tebay and Lisa Schmidt of White- were many yet he always found the time to lis- Friday, June 20, 1997 hall, MT, have developed ``The One Good ten to a co-worker or to help a friend in need. Cow Project.'' This project helps citizens help Bob's committment to educational opportuni- Mr. HALL of Texas. Mr. Speaker, it is an one another by donating cattle to producers in ties for all, led him to teaching positions at honor for me to pay tribute today to a great the Dakotas and eastern Montana. Their goal Mott Community College and Mott Adult High American, a great man, and a good friendÐ is to deliver 80,000 healthy, running-age cows School. Bob's experience and skillful teaching the late Robert Krieble. Many in this body had to farmers and ranchers who have experi- methods were recognized by many. He was a the privilege of knowing Bob Krieble, and enced livestock loss. In pursuit of this goal, frequent guest lecturer for graduate courses many more undoubtedly know of his many ac- hundreds of farmers associations, corpora- on labor relations at Eastrn Michigan Univer- complishments. As a scientist, entrepreneur, tions, and small businesses throughout the sity. He continues to serve as a proctor at and supporter of freedom throughout the West have already come together for this Central Michigan University. world, Bob Krieble influenced thousands of good cause. It is my sincere hope that calling In addition to his work in industry and edu- lives, helped make the world a better place in your attention to this terrific effort will compel cation, Bob has provided leadership in Flint which to live, and helped change the course of others to make contributions. through a wide range of activities. He was ap- history. Mr. Speaker, let us applaud this citizen- Bob Krieble first made his mark as a sci- pointed to serve on the Michigan Selective based effort. I commend both Michelle and entist, inventing super adhesives that revolu- Service Board, served as chairman of Public Lisa and all those who are contributing to the tionized the manufacturing industry. From a Affairs for the Michigan Committee, Employer success of this program. It is a fine example $100,000 investment borrowed from family Support of the National Guard and Reserve, of Americans coming together, selflessly as- and friends in the 1950's, he built a multi- and is a member of the American Legion. In sisting one another, and contributing to those national, billion-dollar corporation that created addiiton, he served our ocuntry proudly in the who have experienced hardship. U.S. Army Chemical Corps. Bob also is an ac- tens of thousands of jobs throughout the tive member of the United Auto Workers world. That success was the foundation for a f life-long support of the free enterprise system Union of America, Mott College Local No. GOOD LUCK AND CONGRATULA- and for investments both at home and abroad 2102. TIONS TO MORRIE BOYD It is indeed my pleasure to stand in front of to further that cause. this Nation's House and speak of my dear Bob generously supported dozens of pro- friend, who through his thoughts, deeds, and democratic and pro-free market institutions. HON. IKE SKELTON actions has provided our community with an He was an early supporter of both the Herit- OF MISSOURI invaluable resource and an indomitable spirit. age Foundation and the Free Congress Foun- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Although he is retiring, I know that he will re- dation, based here in Washington. He also Friday, June 20, 1997 main active in our community. supported many of the dissident pro-demo- Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues in the cratic groups in Eastern Europe and the So- Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, today, I pay House of Representatives to join me in wish- viet Union, even in the face of criticism and tribute to a great Army officer, and a great sol- ing Bob and his loving wife of 42 years, Betty, skepticism at home. His vision, however, dier. This month Morrie Boyd will depart well in their retirement. I know that Bob and proved prophetic, as his efforts contributed to Washington to assume new duties as the dep- Betty will enjoy spending time with their chil- the fall of communism and helped pave the uty commanding general, III Corps. Fort Hood, dren Gwen, Jeffrey, Brian, and Timothy, and way for pro-democratic candidates. His Krieble TX. For the past 18 months he has served as their four beautiful grandchildren, Angie, Institute spent millions of dollars on political the Chief of Army Legislative Liaison where he Adam, Kyle, and Kody. and economic training and on helping develop has proven himself to be a trusted adviser to f viable candidates, including Boris Yeltsin. the Secretary of the Army and the Chief of Bob also helped individuals in need and Staff. IN HONOR OF VIRGIL E. BROWN, helped countless entrepreneurs throughout the During his tour as the Chief, Army Legisla- SR. world. He was particularly devoted to helping tive Liaison, he guided the Army's relationship private businesses in newly freed economies with Congress, wielding a deft and skillful HON. DENNIS J. KUCINICH and transition countries. touch during a period of tremendous change. OF OHIO Bob's generosity was matched only by his Throughout this period, Morrie Boyd ably as- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dedication and his boundless energy, and until sisted the Army's senior leadership in dealings he was stricken last month, he continued to with Members of Congress and their staffs in Friday, June 20, 1997 work tirelessly in these many endeavors. helping them to understand the needs of the Mr. KUCINICH. Mr. Speaker, I rise to honor Though some might not have the capacity to Army as it transforms itself from a forward de- the lifetime achievement of Virgil E. Brown, understand his full contributions to our Nation, ployed force to a power projection force. Sr., of Cleveland, OH. politically and strategically, I believe that all Drawing on years of experience, he skillfully Virgil Brown dedicated his adult life to public would recognize Bob Krieble's significant ac- charted the way for an enhanced understand- service. He has been active in his community, complishments, his dedication to free-market ing of the Army's role in the legislative process in the city, in business, and in charity. principles, and his extraordinary life. and for telling the Army story. His leadership E1280 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks June 20, 1997 resulted in cohesive legislative strategies, re- Let me say at the outset, I oppose gam- local campaigns, too, are awash in gambling sponsiveness to constituent inquires, well-pre- bling. I think it is anti-family, anti-business dollars. Some $100 million over the past five pared Army leaders and a coherent Army and does much more harm than good. I cer- years has gone to influence state legislatures tainly don’t want it in my community or in around the country. message. my State and would fight it from coming The more I worked on this issue, the more Morrie Boyd's career has reflected a deep there with all my energy. concerned I became. All the evidence I could commitment to our Nation, which has been But I don’t have any right to make that gather pointed to the conclusion that gam- characterized by dedicated selfless service, decision for other communities or other bling was harmful to people and to commu- love for soldiers and a commitment to excel- places. That’s up to the people who live there nities. It led to crime, to corruption, to can- lence. Major General Boyd is a consummate to decide for themselves. But I’m not asking nibalization of existing business and it professional whose performance in over three you to be against gambling. What I do ask, caused social ills. The response to my con- though, and what America demands of you, decades of service, in peace and war has per- cerns from gambling interests was to note is to be open minded, fair, undaunted in the that all my evidence was anecdotal and gam- sonified those traits of courage, competency, pursuit of knowledge based upon solid re- bling really jacked up the local economy and and integrity that our Nation has come to ex- search and courageous enough to air the they were working to solve whatever prob- pect from its Army officers. The Pentagon and truth in the face of what I know will be enor- lems gambling might contribute to—such as the Army Secretariat loss will be Fort Hood's mous pressure from special interests and addiction. gain, as Major General Boyd continues to ‘‘spin artists.’’ I felt their response was unsatisfactory and serve his Nation. On behalf of the Congress of In your search for information, I hope you introduced, with others, legislation to create will be out on the road. I urge you to hold the United States and the people of this great this commission which, I believed, would hearings all across America. The answers to quickly pass. Who could be against taking a Nation, I offer our heartfelt appreciation for a your questions do not lie here in Washington look at the impact gambling might be hav- job well done over the past 18 months and but in the gambling centers of Las Vegas, ing on America? best wishes for continued success, to a great Atlantic City, and Biloxi; and in regions The answer, I swiftly learned, was the well- soldier and friend of Congress. which are learning to live with casinos and heeled and determined industry itself. Front- f their effects such as New Orleans, St. Louis, ed by a virtual army of well paid and well and Milwaukee. You should travel to the connected Washington lobbyists with access NATIONAL GAMBLING IMPACT small towns of Illinois, Iowa, and Missouri to to almost every door in this town, they STUDY COMMISSION see what river boat casinos are doing to local fought this legislation every step of the way. economies. You should visit States hosting First they tried to kill it in the House and tribal casinos and States which have been re- then the Senate. Then they tried to de-fang HON. FRANK R. WOLF cent battlegrounds in the debate over allow- the commission by denying it the power to OF VIRGINIA ing gambling to expand within their borders subpoena relevant documents and when that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES such as New York, Pennsylvania, and Flor- failed they worked to have gambling pro- ida. These are the places where you will ponents appointed to this body—to stack the Friday, June 20, 1997 meet the people who will help you form your commission, if you will. But I believe you Mr. WOLF. Mr. Speaker, earlier today I had conclusions and where you should set up are up to this task. I am counting on you to shop. do a good job. America is counting on you. the opportunity to address the National Gam- I do want to share with you a few observa- One of the first hurdles you must overcome bling Impact Study Commission's first meeting tions. I first became interested in this issue is that the gambling industry has done such and I would like to place my remarks in the some years ago when there was an effort to a good job of selling themselves as a good RECORD. They follow: bring river boat casino gambling to my State neighbor, a creator of revenue and jobs. They of Virginia. Truthfully, I didn’t think it was pay taxes and governments get hooked on GAMBLING IMPACT STUDY COMMISSION a good idea but I wasn’t sure. And there were the revenue. Politicians are reluctant to HEARING no good answers to my questions. The pre- walk away from this money that feeds gov- Good morning. I am delighted to be here. ponderance of information that was avail- ernment spending. But this is a problem, not As a matter of fact, I can’t begin to tell you able was provided by gambling interests a solution. As Robert Goodman asks in the just how delighted I am. which I found suspect and of dubious reliabil- preface of his book, The Luck Business, ‘‘Do You are about to begin an important jour- ity. And as I dug further into this issue, I we really want a government so dependent ney and one of your first steps will be to pre- was confronted with an army of high priced on gambling that they are forced actively to pare a road map to guide you. There are advocates representing gambling interests. promote an activity that takes dispropor- some important things you should know at No one was there to represent the people who tionately from those who can afford it least, the beginning and I am pleased to have this live in the area and their families. does the greatest damage to existing econo- opportunity to speak with you. I appreciate As a matter of fact, this was about the mies and can be highly addictive?’’ your kindness and your attention. I will not same time Disney was trying to build a new No, I do not believe we do. Various studies take up too much of your time but there are theme park in my congressional district. indicate that perhaps 30 percent of all gam- matters of consequence which I must ad- This was a high profile and very controver- bling revenue comes from that 5 percent or dress. sial initiative and the joke around town was so of problem gamblers addicted to its lure. The task before you is as important as it is that if you were a lawyer or lobbyist this Even though the gambling industry claims enormous. But your goal is really very sim- was ‘‘the’’ place to find work. Yet, I hap- to care about this addiction problem, new ple. Today, when a community, town, city, pened to read in the paper that Disney was games and new attractions are always com- or even a State is considering the pros and out-spent by a good margin by the pro-river ing on-line which further sharpen the crav- cons of letting some kind of gambling activ- boat gambling interests lobbying Virginia’s ing of compulsive gamblers drawing them ity start up, they have nowhere to go to ob- General Assembly. Again, while no one was deeper into the web of self destruction. tain reliable, factual, and unbiased answers there representing the people who live and After you complete your work, I think you to their questions. work in the area, gambling interests were will agree. Your job is merely to make that informa- pouring money into their effort to get a toe Let me close with this. As you begin your tion easily available to them. That’s it. Con- hold in Virginia. search for truth and fairness you will not gress has given you 2 years and an adequate And no wonder. Once gambling sets up have to look far to find those who will budget to uncover, compile, and digest all shop, it’s almost impossible to get rid of it. present the gambler’s views. You will find the available information and I have every In fact, there’s a history of things going the their arguments and presentations, on the confidence that you are up to the task. other way. Communities begin to rely on surface, most compelling and easy to go I hope you will all take a look at Gambling their share of the revenues and local politi- down; they have the money to hire the very in America. This is the final report of the cians cave in to demands from the gamblers best to do this sort of thing. I hope you will 1976 Commission on the Review of the Na- for longer hours, more facilities and more ta- look beyond the glossy presentations; ask for tional Policy Toward Gambling. This 3-year bles or slots or wheels. And they have the the research information you need and don’t study, completed over 20 years ago when le- money to do it. This is about a $500 billion be put off by dodges that it isn’t available, galized gambling was in its infancy, was the per year industry with profits of $50 billion. isn’t relevant or you really don’t need it. last time government took a hard look at That’s billion with a ‘‘B.’’ You do. Stick to your guns and use your sub- gambling. This report would be a good start- Too much of this money is spent in the poena power. ing point for you. In the preface, commission high stakes game of influencing lawmakers You must avoid being led down the wrong executive director James E. Ritchie con- and other government officials. According to path in your quest for the truth. I predict cluded that ‘‘we can no longer afford to be the Federal Elections Commission, during you will need to search much harder to find ill-informed and complacent about a matter the 1995–96 election cycle, the casino gam- witnesses and experiences depicting the of such manifest national concern.’’ Yet bling industry poured more than $4.4 million downside of gambling. How are you going to today, over two decades later, we are still into federal political contributions including find the theater owner who went out of busi- having difficulty shining the light of the day $2.6 million in ‘‘soft money’’ to the Demo- ness when the casino opened up? How eager on this dubious enterprise. cratic and Republican parties. State and to testify will be the woman whose husband June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E1281 became addicted to gambling, squandered or a shoulderÐdepending upon which was PAYING TRIBUTE TO RICHARD M. their life savings, ran up incredible debts and neededÐand it seemed to me that she truly DRISCOLL then, when he could bear no more, took his own life? spent most of her time thinking not about her- The father of recently slain Sherrice self, but about what she could do for other HON. JERRY MORAN Iverson, the 7-year old whose strangled body people. She was a friend to anyone who OF KANSAS was found in a Nevada casino restroom, after would let her be a friend, regardless of party IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES she had been allowed to roam unsupervised affiliations or anything else. She was very cre- Friday, June 20, 1997 for long periods while he played the tables, ative, and she was always coming up with might not be a willing witness. It may be dif- Mr. MORAN of Kansas. Mr. Speaker, I rise ways to help othersÐeven people she didn't ficult to persuade an indicted state legisla- today to reflect on the passing of an outstand- know very well. She loved to take new Mem- tor to sit before you to relate how he sold ing man, Richard M. Driscoll of Russell, KS, out those he represented for an under-the- bers under her wing and share her knowledge who died last week at the age of 78. table payoff from those wanting to bring a with them, and I am sure that several congres- Mr. Driscoll was born on May 9, 1919, on a casino to town. Will Missouri’s former House sional careers were saved or at least en- Speaker of 15 years who resigned in the face farm in southeastern Russell County, and of a federal investigation into financial ties hanced by her timely advice and admonitions. graduated from Russell High School in 1937. with casinos be eager to tell his story? I know that the little oasis of fun and fellow- ``Dick,'' as his friends called him, attended the Two prominent Kansas City clergy who re- ship that she created for the women Members University of Kansas from 1937 to 1940 and signed their pastorates recently due to prob- through her dinner parties was a real source was a letterman on both the track and football lem gambling may be reluctant to tell their of refreshment and inspiration to all of us. teams. stories. According to Kansas City Reverend Mr. Driscoll enlisted in the U.S. Marine Ben Skinner, one stole $60,000 from his con- I suppose I am trying to say that J.L. was gregation and lost it at the casinos and the the kind of person that parents hope their chil- Corps after graduating from Washburn Law other was discovered gambling while dis- dren will grow up to beÐsmart, successful, School and served 2 years with the First Ma- guised in a wig and glasses. They may not be substantial and savvyÐbut above all, selfless. rine Division in the Pacific theater. Upon dis- charge from the Marines, he returned to Rus- eager to meet with you. I was honored to call her my friend; I miss her; But too many people with stories like sell County and began to practice law. He was and I think that Washington is a little duller, a these are out there and you need to hear a well respected attorney in Kansas and was from them. little colder, and a lot less fun without her. also active in farming, oil, and banking. I hope you do. I wish you well and pray for Dick Driscoll served most of his life in public your success. Thank you. f service. He was a commissioner of the Kan- f sas Highway Department from 1958 to 1962 REPUBLICAN TAX RELIEF REMARKS OF REPRESENTATIVE and from 1973 to 1975. He was a former com- TILLIE K. FOWLER REGARDING missioner on the Economic Development A TRIBUTE TO J.L. CULLEN Commission of the State of Kansas from 1969 HON. RON PACKARD to 1973 and a member of the Kansas Trade OF CALIFORNIA Commission to Japan in 1973. He always en- HON. TILLIE K. FOWLER joyed and was active in local, State, and na- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF FLORIDA tional politics and was chairman of the Russell IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Friday, June 20, 1997 County Democratic Central Committee for 35 Friday, June 20, 1997 years. He was also a delegate to two Demo- Mr. PACKARD. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to cratic National Conventions. Mrs. FOWLER. Mr. Speaker, the Russell speak on behalf of Republican tax relief. I He was admitted to the Kansas Bar on July Caucus Room was filled to overflowing this urge my colleagues to put themselves in the 1, 1943, and received his 50-year certificate morning with Members, staff, and other friends shoes of working class America when you and pin of active service in 1993. He was of J.L. Cullen, who came to pay tribute to her consider this bill. named a counselor to the U.S. Supreme Court memory. Since I was unable to participate in Working class, middle-income Americans in 1971. that event due to votes here in the House, I Mr. Speaker, men like Dick Driscoll made struggle to make ends meet. For President would like to submit my remarks for the this country great as soldiers in war and stew- Clinton, to consider middle-class Americans RECORD. ards in peace. He will be missed by his family, that earn $75,000 a year as rich is simply ludi- There is an old saying that kindness is like friends, and fellow residents of the first district. snowÐit makes everything it covers beautiful. crous. Many middle-class families that earn I ask you to join me in paying tribute to Rich- To all of us who knew J.L. Cullen, it is no ex- that much are double income families. ard M. Driscoll and his lifetime of service to aggeration to say that she made the world a Our plan provides tax relief for working his Nation and State. more beautiful place, because she was one of women in double-income families. It also pro- f the kindest people I have ever known. vides tax relief for parents with children in IN MEMORY OF JAMES FRANCIS J.L. was one of those individuals who sets child care by indexing the dependent care tax. a standard to which the rest of us mortals can McFARLAND Senior citizen couples who make under only aspire. She was what my mother, another $41,200 a year will enjoy a 10 percent capital Southern lady, would call a lovely personÐin gains rate under the Republican proposal. HON. MICHAEL F. DOYLE every way. She was smart as a whip and had OF PENNSYLVANIA With our bill, middle-income families will an encyclopedic knowledge of the legislative IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES process and the way this town works. She benefit from a $500 per child tax credit. A fam- knew just about everybody in Washington, and ily that has a child today will receive an esti- Friday, June 20, 1997 was liked and admired by same. She had a mated $10,309 in tax relief under the Repub- Mr. DOYLE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to great sense of humor, was a lot of fun, andÐ lican plan by the time that child is 18. The tax honor the memory of Jim McFarland, a mem- in addition to being a hard workerÐhad a rich relief will also create education investment ac- ber of my staff who passed away last week. and satisfying personal life. Any of us who en- counts that will allow parents to save tax-free For over 2 years, Jim had served the people joyed her lovely paintings or were privileged to for their children's higher education. of Pennsylvania's 18th Congressional District taste her cooking can attest the latter. In addi- as a member of my staff, but his years of tion, J.L. was a lady through and throughÐ Just 4 years ago under a Democrat-con- service to the people of Pennsylvania and the tough as nails when she needed to be, but al- trolled Congress, American families were hit Nation began long before my election to Con- ways gracious and tolerant toward others. with the largest tax increase in the history of gress. I know that many of my colleagues in the the world. It has been 16 years since Ameri- Jim was born in 1928 in McKeesport, PA, House and Senate knew her, and they all cans had any meaningful tax relief. Mr. Speak- and lived his entire life in the area of western have great things to say about her and great er, it is time to give Americans what they de- Pennsylvania known as the Mon-Valley. He memories of her. Most of all, though, I think serve and the Republican plan for tax relief bravely served our country as a member of that my favorite memories of J.L. will be of her delivers for America's families. I urge my col- the Army Air Force during the Korean war and warm heart and her generosity. In spite of her leagues and the President to strongly support after the war returned to the Mon-Valley where schedule, she always had time to lend a hand it. he worked as a tool and die maker for the E1282 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks June 20, 1997 next 40 years at Fisher Body. His public serv- the Warsaw Convention of 1929 which is the Clearly, under most state tort laws, these ice continued throughout his life exemplifying primary vehicle to initiate lawsuits related to limits on categories and thresholds of com- his commitment and concern for improving the airline disasters. The second, is the Death on pensation would be viewed as inequitable, un- lives of all people. the High Seas Act which the Supreme Court fair, and inhuman. This inequality is best dem- For 20 years, Jim served as a councilman recently ruled is the Federal law that deter- onstrated in the State of Pennsylvania. On in his hometown of Jefferson Boro, which hon- mines the categories of damage awards. January 9, 1996, the Supreme Court ruled in ored him with the Crossweight Award in rec- Under the Warsaw Convention, which governs Yamaha versus Calhoun that State tort law ognition of this service. He also served as a the liability of airlines for airline disasters, fam- applies when an accident occurs within 3 trustee at his church, as the chairman of the ilies of passengers who died on international miles from the shore, and on January 16, Jefferson Boro Democratic Committee, and as flights, such as TWA Flight 800, can receive 1996, the same Supreme Court decided in president of Local No. 544 of the United Auto no more than $75,000 for the loss of their Zicherman versus Korean Airlines that the Workers. In truth, however, this collection of ti- loved one unless they can prove willful mis- Death on the High Seas Act governs tragedies tles and official positions, while impressive, conduct on the part of the airline. In November beyond the 3-mile territorial limit. Thus, in barely scratches the surface in terms of defin- 1996, the airline industry waived the $75,000 Yamaha versus Calhoun, Pennsylvania State ing the man. cap and the need to prove willful misconduct law applies which allows numerous categories Jim McFarland was a truly compassionate for all future compensation cases. The airlines compensation for injury or death of a family individual the likes of which this world is rarely are to be commended for this action. How- member. In Zicherman versus Korean Airlines, lucky enough to see. His presence graced the ever, in the case of the TWA 800 families, the where DOHSA is applied, families such as lives of everyone he came in contact with in- waiver does not apply since the air disaster those involved in the KAL 007 and TWA 800 cluding his wife, Garnet, his son, Kevin, and occurred in July 1996 and the tariff waiver air disasters will be restricted to obtaining only his brothers, sisters, and grandchildren. On a agreement was signed the following Novem- one category of compensationÐloss of in- personal level, I considered Jim to be one of ber 1996. The lack of retroactive application of come. The application of DOHSA to the TWA my most trusted and valued friends. I only the waiver to TWA 800 means the $75,000 800 incident will have a draconian impact on knew Jim for a small part of his 68 years, but cap is still in place and willful misconduct is the families of the Montoursville High School from the day I first met him some 5 years ago still the threshold under the Warsaw Conven- students and chaperons since they will receive I was struck by his rare combination of dedica- tion to be proven for greater compensation. It minimal compensation for the loss of their chil- tion, intellect, and extraordinary compassion. I is my hope that the administration, the Airline dren. DOHSA also applies to all civil air flights, was truly honored to have Jim consider me his Transportation Association and the airline will whether domestic or international, such as the friend. I know that I speak no only for myself, work to reverse his injustice and grandfather airports in Boston, New York, San Francisco, but for everyone that knew Jim, in saying that the TWA families into the November 1996 Tar- and Los Angeles, where approaches and land- while we will miss him terribly, there is still a iff Agreement. ings are often over water. sense of joy because the world is a better Although the Warsaw Convention is the pri- Both the Supreme Court in Zicherman ver- place because of the life of Jim McFarland. mary vehicle through which plaintiffs initially sus Korean Airlines and the White House seek compensation, the Supreme Court has f Commission on Aviation Safety and Security ruled that damage awards will be based on recommend that Congress correct these in- the antiquated federal law the Death on the AIRLINE DISASTER RELIEF ACT equitiesÐas other countries have done al- High Seas Act [DOHSA]. In 1920, the Death ready, considering that DOHSA was enacted on the High Seas Act was designed for the HON. JOSEPH M. McDADE in 1920 to protect widows of seamenÐat a immediate family of sailors lost at sea to ob- OF PENNSYLVANIA tain compensation for lost income before a time when civil aviation did not exist. The Air- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES U.S. District Judge under maritime law. Addi- line Disaster Act will abrogate the impact of Friday, June 20, 1997 tionally, DOHSA restricts the circle of claim- the Death on the High Seas Act and allow families to seek just compensation under State Mr. MCDADE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to ants to those family members who are eco- nomically dependent upon the decedent. It and common law. I therefore urge my col- introduce, with 38 members of a bipartisan co- leagues to join me in supporting passage of alition, the Airline Disaster Relief Act, a meas- took the Supreme Court 77 years to fold major civil aviation related tragedies occurring more the Airline Disaster Relief Act, a measure ure which will provide equitable treatment for whose time has come, to correct the judicial families of passengers involved in aviation dis- than 3 miles from the shores into the Death on the High Seas Act, which was passed at a injustices which the application of the Death asters regulated by the Death on the High on the High Seas Act inflicts on families of air Seas Act of 1920 [DOHSA]. time when international civil aviation did not exist. DOHSA is invoked when a crash occurs disaster passengers. Mr. Speaker, thank you The White House Commission on Aviation for your consideration and support of this time- Safety and Security in its February 1997 re- more than a marine league, roughly 3 miles, offshore as in the case of TWA Flight 800. ly and badly needed legislative initiative. port stated, ``Certain statutes and international When the $75,000 cap of the Warsaw Con- f treaties, established 50 years ago, historically vention and the compensatory restriction of have not provided equitable treatment for fam- only seeking loss of income under DOHSA are CONGRATULATIONS TO 1997 GRAD- ilies of passengers involved in international combined, family members of TWA 800 vic- UATES OF SAN PEDRO/ aviation disasters. Specifically, the Death on tims may receive minimal or no compensation NARBONNE COMMUNITY ADULT the High Seas Act of 1920 and the Warsaw through the courts. The interactions of these SCHOOL Convention of 1929, although designed to aid archaic and arcane laws are dealing families a families of victims of maritime and aviation dis- grave and cruel injustice. HON. JANE HARMAN asters, have inhibited the ability of family As in the case of TWA 800 and the families OF CALIFORNIA members of aviation disasters to obtain fair of the 21 high school students and chaperons IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES compensation.'' from Montoursville High School, PA, the appli- Friday, June 20, 1997 The Airline Disaster Relief Act will reverse cation of DOHSA will mean that the families of the injustice of the Death on the High Seas the students will receive minimal compensa- Ms. HARMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to Act by allowing plaintiff families of air disaster tion since children generally contribute little congratulate the 1997 graduating classes of victims to obtain a fair jury trial and receive economically in support of their families. If the San Pedro/Narbonne Community Adult just compensation for loss of companionship, your children are not supporting you or it is School. I was sorry to miss the ceremonies on loss to society, and punitive damages for the proven in court that they would not have the Wednesday evening which honored students death of their loved ones which claimants are ability or inclination to support the parents, who successfully met the requirements for currently restricted from obtaining. It is time to there will be no compensation. Additionally ESL competency certificates, eighth grade di- bring sanity and justice to the application of under DOHSA, surviving parents will be un- plomas, and high school diplomas. I also con- the Federal laws and international treaties able to obtain compensation for loss of com- gratulate principal Camilla Kocol and all the which regulate airline disaster claims. Passage panionship, loss to society, pain and suffering faculty and staff of the San Pedro/Narbonne of the Airline Disaster Relief Act will be an im- or punitive damages for lost loved ones. Fur- Community Adult School. portant first step in achieving this objective. thermore, family members of adult victims may It is my pleasure to share with my col- Currently, there are two legal hurdles which receive no compensation unless that individual leagues a poem that was written by one of the families must overcome to obtain financial was directly contributing to the economic wel- students of the school's creative writing class. compensation for a lost loved one. The first is fare of the parents or siblings. This poem was recited by author and adult June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E1283 school student, Bette Ann Schroeder, at willingness to work for their community. Ray History, my friends, is sometimes a cruel, Wednesday's graduation ceremony: Burkholder, through his example of leadership but honest teacher. I am particularly hon- and humility has enriched the lives of his ored to be here today to share with you some I AM AN AMERICAN thoughts on the state of U.S.-Israeli rela- I am an American. neighbors in countless ways over the years. It tions, the Oslo process, and events unfolding My grandfather came from China in the 1800s is with great fondness that they will take a day in the Middle East, from the vantage point of and helped build the railroads of the to thank him for his warmth and generosity. Capitol Hill. At the outset, I must confess West. I ask my colleagues to join me in extending that I stand before you with more than a lit- I am an American. best wishes to Ray and his family for contin- tle concern. My grandfather came from England in the ued happiness and best wishes. Concern because a century after the First 1800s and worked in the coal mines of f Zionist Congress, nearly 50 years since the Illinois. founding of Israel, 30 years after the miracu- I am an American. ISRAEL—A CORNERSTONE OF U.S. lous triumph of the IDF in the Six Day War, My grandfather came first over the Bering NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY 20 years since Camp David and 4 years since Strait and the Isthmus of Panama to the Oslo process began—Israel still does not roam the forests and valleys of this know peace. great land. HON. MICHAEL P. FORBES As we sit here this morning amid these I am an American. OF NEW YORK comfortable and serene surroundings, Israel My grandfather came from Germany in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is facing perhaps the greatest threat to her 19th Century and started Kinder- Friday, June 20, 1997 survival yet experienced. It is a threat born gartens. not only of external enmity and aggression, I am an American. Mr. FORBES. Mr. Speaker, I submit for my but sadly, of internal division, social strife, My grandfather was captured in Africa and colleagues' consideration remarks I made political indecision and confusion, and the brought to slave in the cotton fields of June 8, 1997 before the Great Neck Syna- calamity of peace gone unfulfilled. the South. gogue Men's Club. My support for Israel is no It is an unfortunate consequence of Israel’s I am an American. proud, but troubled history that we have secret among my friends in Congress. We grown all too accustomed to the hatred My grandfather came from Japan in the 1900s cannot ignore the challenge that has been and founded the abalone fishery in San which her enemies harbor for the Jewish Pedro. placed before us if we are to see Israel sur- State—a state whose very existence contin- I am an American. vive as a free and flourishing democratic state. ues to be the anathema to the 110 million My grandfather fled Pancho Villa in Mexico Israel has always been, and must remain, a Moslems who surround her. and worked in the fields of the Imperial cornerstone of United States national security Terrorist bombs in Jerusalem and Tel Valley. policy. Aviv, the murder of Jewish school girls on a I am an American. class outing, the knifing of Yeshiva students ISRAEL AND THE MIDDLE EAST: A VIEW FROM It was not easy to forget the homeland, to on their way to the Kotel—these sights have CAPITOL HILL learn the language, to make a living, become as familiar to the younger genera- to struggle against bigotry, to change Good morning ladies and gentlemen. It is a tion of Israelis as the weekly Vietnam body my ways. pleasure to be here among so many friends at count was to my generation. My friends, we I am an American. a congregation known throughout the great- are living a tragedy today with no satisfac- I am all the cultures of the world, all the re- er New York area for its strong ties to the tory end in sight. ligions of the world, all the legends and Land of Israel. Your record of generous giv- Lamentably, we have learned the sad truth lore of the world, all the struggles for ing to Israeli causes and your commitment that weapons and military might alone can freedom everywhere. to a strong U.S.-Israeli relationship are well not bring peace. Sadder still, we have I am all of these, and all of these make me known. learned that a peace reluctantly born and an American. Your congregation has always embodied brazenly violated by Israel’s enemies is not the essence and vitality of ‘‘Am Yisrael peace either. There are no good choices left f Chai’’ and the sharing, giving spirit for Israel today. She has been cheated of the ‘‘Tikkum Olam.’’ By your very example you very hope, Hativka, for which her people pro- TRIBUTE TO RAY BURKHOLDER have been a light unto our community. claim in song and for which all Jews every- ON THE OCCASION OF HIS 80TH Through good times and bad, times of sad- where yearn. BIRTHDAY ness and hope, the Great Neck Synagogue Like you I have tried to make sense of the has stood by Israel in its eternal quest for many contradictions that have arisen as a peace with security. result of the Oslo process. I say Oslo process, HON. PAUL E. GILLMOR Though many of you share different politi- and not peace process, because while there OF OHIO cal opinions about how peace in the Middle exists today only one process, I believe that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES East might finally be achieved, you stand there are many paths to peace—and I am a Friday, June 20, 1997 united—indeed America stands united—on fervent believer in peace. But for it to be the need to maintain Israel’s economic and real, it must be lasting; for it to be lasting, Mr. GILLMOR. Mr. Speaker, it gives me military strength as a hedge against the un- it must be honest; for it to be honest, it must great pleasure to rise today and pay tribute to certainties of the future. demonstrate at every turn the resolve of all an outstanding citizen of northwest Ohio. On My friends, we can never allow politics of of the parties to abide by the commitments June 22 of this year, the family and friends of the moment to obscure three essential facts they made on the day of the signing and in Ray Burkholder will gather to celebrate his of our time: first, that Israel exists today as the subsequent agreements. Tragically, for 80th birthday which will occur on July 3. a sovereign, democratic, and Jewish state all concerned, this has not happened. Those Palestinians who had the chance to Ray lived and farmed most his life in Pan- precisely because it has never allowed its fundamental security interests to be com- share in the prosperity of a reconstructed dora, OH. A member of the Grace Mennonite promised; second, that peace, particularly in Middle East, and in doing so to accept some- Church in Pandora, Ray has been a leader in the Middle East, has never flowed from thing less than the full measure of their po- his community. He was an instrumental part of weakness; and third, that support for a litical demands, have opted instead for a the Menmonite disaster team, always available strong, self confident Israel has always been, more sinister path. They have chosen to use to lend a hand to others. He served for many and must remain, a cornerstone of United the dove of peace to conceal their more men- years as the Sunday school treasurer and is States national security policy. acing intentions, just as Mr. Arafat, himself, a recipient of both the Community Service Israel exists today not because of the chose to conceal a pistol beneath his jacket world’s caring or generosity toward the Jew- when he appeared before the United Nations Award of Pandora and the Outstanding Citizen ish People, but in spite of its neglect and in- General Assembly in the mid-seventies. Award of Pandora. This past year he served difference. We must never forget the basic This song of peace is well worn in tune. as First Grand Marshal of the Riley Creek truth. Born of Hitler’s deception at Munich in the Festival. As we commemorate the fiftieth anniver- 1938, it survives today in the guise of those Birthdays are a wonderful time to recount sary of the Marshall Plan this week, we must who would have peace at any price, even if it memories and to look toward new horizons. remember that the United States stepped meant admitting the Trojan Horse of the Since Ray's birth he has been witness to tre- forward to rebuild Europe after the war—and PLO terrorism inside the gates of the city. If mendous revolutions in politics, technology, particularly Germany—a full year before it we are to begin to understand what is now gave any thought to relief for Germany’s vic- happening to Israel and to grasp the historic and society. However, I know his favorite tims through the creation of a Jewish state. forces now at work to undo the dream of the memories are of his family and friends. The lesson is clear: Israel’s fate must always last 100 years, we must first see that there is Americans would not be able to enjoy the rest with Israel and with those who care for a distinction between negotiation and extor- blessings of our country without the tireless her; it can never be entrusted to the pre- tion, between reality and illusion, and be- dedication of those who have the talent and sumed good will of others. tween trust and deception. E1284 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks June 20, 1997 I stand before you this morning as one who Americans or for trying to prevent projects bers of the PLO are alleged to have harmed lives this ordeal every day in Congress. My and activities that were not strictly humani- Americans or their property. I want to know heart is heavy with the pain and suffering tarian in nature. the level of cooperation that U.S. law en- endured by Israelis as together we struggle Well, time has vindicated my position. forcement agencies have received from the to make sense of the turmoil that is gripping Just two weeks ago an audit conducted the PLO in their investigation and in requests the region. And yes, I grieve for the Palestin- PLO itself found that $350 million dollars in for extradition; and, urge the Administration ians, too, who have been deceived by their international aid has been stolen from the to examine the threat to U.S. security posed leaders into believing that a terror organiza- Palestinian coffers or misused by their lead- by the increasing numbers of weapons pour- tion like the PLO can ever bring peace. It ers—many of them took money to buy grand ing into the Palestinian controlled areas. In can’t. And the reason is simple. Terror and villas and fancy automobiles. At the same particular, I am concerned by reports that the ways of the gun are an integral part of time we see that incidences of PLO-inspired the PLO has acquired surface-to-air missiles the PLO’s identity, a past it can never leave violence are continuing to increase with not which have the potential to down civilian air behind. only Israelis being killed, but also Palestin- traffic transiting through the Middle East The Palestinian community has yet to ians who dare to sell land to Jews. and elsewhere. With the cause of the TWA produce leaders whose commitment to peace Yasir Arafat continues to undermine Oslo disaster still unknown, I feel it is prudent to is more than simply a means of seeking tac- by praising Palestinian suicide bombers as keep a spotlight on this critical national se- tical advantage. It is a community which martyrs and heroes and by paying homage to curity issue. continues to be dominated by revolution- Hamas leader Sheik Yassin. Arafat calls Dear friends, let me conclude by saying aries, guerrilla fighters and scoundrels of upon his public to unite around the cause of that I feel privileged to be able to lead the every stripe—and not true statesmen who Jerusalem—all of Jersualem—as the capital fight for a cause in which I believe so deeply. understand the art of compromise, are com- of a Palestinian state. For me, the U.S.-Israel relationship is more mitted to a true reconciliation, and tolerate Would you believe that a senior Arafat of- than just a slogan, it is an historic commit- dissent. ficial recently leveled the absurd accusation ment of two nations to the cause of peace, I wish this were not so, but the record of that Israel sells gum in the West Bank and freedom, and security, I don’t have to tell the last four years speaks of different re- Gaza laced with an aphrodisiac! Unfortu- you we are living through difficult times. ality. While Israel has demonstrated a will- nately, this is but a mild version of the anti- They are difficult times for many nations ingness to retreat from some of its most Israel vitriol which regularly pours out from around the world, particularly for Israel, cherished sites like Hebron and Shechem the Egyptian Press and is frankly indistin- which continues to live under the threat of (Nablus), to accept the presence of armed guishable from the anti-Semitic diatribes of war. Palestinian militia at checkpoints around medieval European demagogues or Der Just last week Israel’s Chief of Staff spoke the country, and to concede that a final sta- Stuerner, the Nazi propaganda paper. publicly of the increasingly menacing mili- tus talks will include Jerusalem, the PLO My friends, I can go on and on listing the tary build-up along the border with Syria. has only shown increasing reticence to carry PLO violations of Oslo and Arafat’s incendi- Likewise, countries from Egypt to Saudi out its side of the bargain. ary rhetoric. This is a matter of public Arabia, and Iraq to Iran, continue to acquire The PLO has answered Israel’s deeply root- record and the record is indisputable. That advanced long-range weaponry, capable of ed security concerns with provocation after is, unless you hail from the U.S. State De- striking anywhere in Israel, despite the re- provocation, even questioning whether there partment, which continues to insist in report gion’s supposed move toward peace. There- will even be room for a sovereign Jewish after report to the Congress that Arafat and fore, it is all the more important that we not State in the Middle East once the Oslo proc- the PLO are in virtual compliance with their forget the history which brought us to this ess is concluded. If you doubt what I am tell- Oslo commitments. point in time—and the lessons learned—as ing you, you need look no farther than the Though the New York Times has only re- we begin to build a new future. It was exactly 30 years ago this week that maps which the PLO uses at countless func- cently acknowledged that the PLO has not the Jewish State found itself caught in a life tions, both official and unofficial, on its changed its covenant calling for the destruc- or death struggle as the Arab armies of monuments, on its stationary letterhead and tion of Israel, the State Department contin- Egypt, Jordan and Syria, backed by the So- on its television broadcasts. ues to cling to the vain notion that Arafat’s viet Union and its allies sought to destroy It is a map showing a sovereign State of word is his bond. The Administration still her. I remember those terrifying hours of the Palestine stretching from the Mediterranean insists that the promise of the Palestinian 1967 war well, as do most of you in this room. to the Jordan River and from the Banyas to National Council (PNC) to change the cov- They are seared into our collective con- Eliat, encompassing all of the present day enant is an adequate substitute for actually sciousness. State of Israel. If this were not bad enough, changing the covenant. Many of you probably can recall in vivid the President’s own Special Coordinator for We cannot ignore the challenge that has detail what you were doing at precisely the the Middle East, Mr. Dennis Ross, has been been placed before us if we are to see Israel moment when news flashed across our tele- photographed with Yasir Arafat sitting be- survive as a free and flourishing state. vision sets that the fledgling was now fight- To the extent that the United States is neath these maps apparently unmoved by ing for its life against seemingly unsur- the implication of their sinister message. complicit in helping Arafat achieve his ob- mountable odds. Today, as we recall those I believe that at no time during the Cold jectives, we are obliged as citizens, as friends fateful hours, we must renew our pledge to War would an American diplomat ever have of Israel, as Americans concerned with the fight for Israel’s survival, in our homes, in been found posing beneath a map of the Bal- moral, political and strategic posture of our our places of worship, in our State and on tic States, festooned in the colors of the own country, to act soon to restore common Capitol Hill. former Soviet Union. The same might be said sense to our otherwise misguided Middle We must do everything in our power to see for Berlin and Afghanistan—for South Korea East policy. that the insecurity of those years do not re- and Hong Kong in the case of China—and for These are the actions which I am now talk- turn. For my part, I am committed to do South Vietnam when it came to claims made ing, and which I intend to pursue in the whatever is necessary to perpetuate a strong by the Hanoi Government before our with- weeks ahead, toward this goal: Israel and a strong U.S.-Israel relationship. drawal from the War. First, I have notified the Foreign Oper- It is my hope that during the difficult weeks My friends, I am deeply concerned that Is- ations Appropriations subcommittee, of and months ahead I will be able to call upon rael and the United States are now living an which I am a member, of my desire to sus- each and every one of you, your rabbis and Alice in Wonderland existence, where up is pend U.S. aid to the PLO until it meets the synagogue leaders, to guide me through the down and down is up—where is good is bad compliance standards laid down in the Oslo thicket of Middle East politics so that I can and bad is good. It is a contradiction that Accords. Last month I added my name to a better serve the cause of peace and U.S.-Is- has bedeviled me for the past four years bi-partisan letter co-signed by 15 House rael friendship. Together, we can achieve mi- about which I refuse to remain silent. members urging the president to cut aid to raculous things. As the principal House sponsor of the Mid- the PLO; Thank you for the opportunity to share a dle East Peace Compliance Act of 1995, I Second, I do not endorse the current effort few thoughts with you this morning. May tried to bring some sense to our nation’s by the Administration to cut $50 million the coming festival of Shavuot pass peaceful Middle East policy. I asked my colleagues to from Israel’s aid package for next year—aid for Israel. May you all know peace. Shalom. consider the folly of providing the terrorist which is sorely needed to maintain Israel’s PLO with $500 million in U.S. Government strong defense posture in the face of renewed f assistance while making virtually no provi- threats by Syria and Iraq and vote to ensure FREE TRADE AND THE G8 SUMMIT sion for the accountability of the funds and that adequate funds are made available to fa- providing no honest mechanism to assess cilitate the eventual move of the U.S. Em- whether the PLO was in fact complying with bassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem as directed HON. BOB SCHAFFER the spirit and the letter of Oslo. by Congress in legislation last year; OF COLORADO For this I was widely chastised by many Third, I am continuing to support efforts IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Members as well as by Administration offi- to bolster counter-terrorism cooperation be- Friday, June 20, 1997 cials: for attempting to bar all funding to tween the U.S. and Israel. To this end, I urge the PLO, for insisting that no funds go to in- the Justice Department to conduct a review Mr. BOB SCHAFFER of Colorado. Mr. dividuals alleged to have killed or injured of all cases in which current or past mem- Speaker, I rise today to alert my colleagues to June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E1285 the upcoming challenges and opportunities of the Government of Japan to restrict foreign are generally in agreement. But now a leader the G8 Summit in Denver. Anticipating the competition in its consumer photographic of the socially conservative camp has pro- economic boost from this week's G8 Summit, produce market, are inconsistent with the posed that there is an issue that pits moral- ity and prosperity irreconcilably against one Denver area merchants hope to rake in big country's international obligations under the another—U.S. trade with China, a nation revenues from the thousands of visitors ex- GATT,'' he said. ``The ramifications of this his- known for human-rights violations, and par- pected. Yet how well Colorado fulfills its role toric case are potentially of landmark propor- ticularly for religious persecution. as gracious host will be but one measure of tions,'' Gary Bauer of the Family Research Coun- the State's achievement during the historic Still, it is unfortunate that Kodak must go to cil is demanding that the U.S. government event. such exhausting lengths to gain fair market wage economic war against China with sanc- More important than the short-term eco- access in Japan. An assertive United States tions, boycotts and embargoes. In his cam- nomic surge associated with the summit, suc- President would have dealt more firmly with paign for trade restrictions with China, Mr. cess in advancing the Nation's trade objec- Bauer and a few other conservative leaders Japan rather than defer the Kodak case to the are working hand in glove with labor unions tives will have a far greater impact on Colo- WTO as Clinton chose to do. and other left-liberal protectionists, nor- rado's long-term economy and job growth. If Prime Minister Hashimoto is any less mally die-hard opponents of the religious Among the leaders assembled, the most piv- stubborn, the G8 meeting right here in Colo- right. otal exchange to watch is the one between rado might prove to be the perfect place to an- BARRICADES HAVE COLLAPSED President Clinton and Japanese Prime Min- nounce the loosening of trade restrictions, to The usual political barricades have col- ister Hashimoto. allow greater competition in the Japanese lapsed as Mr. Bauer’s comrades join forces to Hashimoto's visit will highlight the close alli- market, to allow Japanese consumers the ad- oppose congressional attempts to continue ance the United States and Japan have estab- vantage of lower prices, and to shore up the normal trading relations with China. In a re- lished throughout the cold war years, and otherwise good relationship between the Unit- cent letter, Mr. Bauer compares the urgency maintain today. However, while United States ed States and Japan. It would be a Kodak mo- of imposing sanctions to issues such as end- interests remain tightly linked with those of ment, that all of Colorado could take to the ing slavery and defeating Hitler. How restricting trade with China will help Japan on many fronts, such as containment of bank. strengthen American families, faith and mo- North Korea, the Hashimoto visit may serve as f rality is unclear. What is clear is that Mr. a springboard for talks on other issues that di- Bauer finds China’s treatment of Christians vide us. FREEDOM FOR ALL morally objectionable. I do, too. And he is to Despite the close ties we have forged, the be commended for his efforts at raising the bilateral relationship between the United HON. PHILIP M. CRANE public’s awareness of Chinese persecution. States and Japan has been marred by a se- OF ILLINOIS Christians are threatened, jailed, expelled and even killed in China. Whether this oc- ries of ongoing trade disputes that are of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES major concern to United States interestÐes- curs more or less today than in decades past Friday, June 20, 1997 is in dispute. But one human-rights violation pecially the interests of Colorado. Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, there is an alarm- is one too many. Specifically, the United States Trade Rep- That’s why I, along with many others, resentative is challenging 30 years of Japan's ing trend that has occurred the past several signed an open letter from the Family Re- Government-supported market barriers that months, led by some social conservative orga- search Council to Vice President Al Gore have prevented, and continue to prevent inter- nizations in Washington who have called for that appeared in major newspapers. It ob- national competitors from gaining fair access the revocation of China's most-favored-nation jected to Mr. Gore’s failure to emphasize to the Japanese market for consumer film and [MFN] status. They argue we should revoke China’s poor human-rights record during his paper products. The massive array of evi- this status, which is simply normal trade rela- March visit. The letter particularly high- lighted China’s vicious suppression of rights dence reveals for the first time, an elaborate tions between countries, to retaliate against the Chinese Government for interfering with of Roman Catholics to worship in freedom. system designed to exclude foreign competi- The letter said nothing about a broader tors from Japanese markets. the practice of religion. trade agenda. So what does film and paper have to do I, too, am very concerned about the perse- I would have signed a similar letter about with Colorado? In a word, Kodak. Eastman cution of anyone who practices religion in the appalling treatment of Christians in Kodak Co. employs over 2,700 people in China. It is for this very reason that I have the Egypt (which receives U.S. aid), Saudi Ara- northern Colorado. Their photographic prod- firm conviction that MFN must be renewed. In bia (which the U.S. has defended militarily) ucts are sold all over the world. fact, missionaries in China, who are closest to and Iraq (where a Kurdish convert to Chris- Much of what Kodak sells overses is manu- the issue, say that MFN is essential for main- tianity, Mansour Hussein Sifer, was recently taining the positive work they do. As a con- martyred). Friends of freedom should oppose factured at their plant in Windsor, CO. where restrictions on worship and religious speech Kodak exports color paper and medical x-ray servative, as a Christian, and as the chairman anywhere they may appear, including the film directly to Japan. Expanding this market of the Ways and Means Subcommittee on U.S. share would certainly create more jobs in Col- Trade I am absolutely convinced that by bring- When I signed the letter on China, how- orado and expand economic prosperity. ing the influence of the outside world into ever, I did not know that it was a prologue One year ago, the United States Govern- China, free trade will create opportunities for to a full-blown political campaign that ment determined that Japan has engaged in freedom of religion to take root. would seek to curtail commercial ties be- unreasonable trade practices in the lucrative Trade has helped to expose millions of the tween China and the rest of the world. Mr. Chinese people to values such as human Bauer’s position has evolved from a strong market. Rather than retaliating directly, the moral stand in favor of religious freedom to United States filed a case with the newly rights and religious freedom by opening a door waging total trade war. formed World Trade Organization [WTO]. The to the People's Republic of China. In the June A charge often leveled against the Chris- case is regarded as the most comprehensive 11, 1997, edition of the Wall Street Journal, tian right is that it is not sensitive to the well-documented trade case in historyÐthe Rev. Robert A. Sirico addressed many of difference between urging certain moral ends resolution of which could substantially change these concerns and concluded that ``Just as and using government coercion to bring the way America does business with Japan. religious freedom offers the best hope for them about. It’s usually a canard: In the case The case is expected to be decided in Octo- Christian social influence, economic freedom of the arts, for example, the religious right is the best hope for spreading that influence seeks not censorship but an end to taxpayer ber, this year. subsidies for blasphemy and obscenity. I re- For those of us who are WTO skeptics, the around the world.'' I applaud his thinking and gret having to say that this time, however, episode is the first real test of the panel's ca- submit his article into the RECORD. I urge my the Family Research Council has lived up to pacity to address structural and access bar- colleagues to consider the points he raises the stereotype. It is attempting to enlist riers. The precedent that could be set might here and to vote to renew China's MFN sta- government power, at the expense of every- have a profound impact on literally hundreds tus. one who benefits from U.S.-Chinese commer- of Colorado-based exporters seeking broader [From the Wall Street Journal, June 11, 1997] cial relations, thus choosing an inappropri- ate means to achieve a moral end. markets in Japan. CHINA AND THE TRADE WARRIORS What’s more, trade sanctions would be George M.C. Fisher, Kodak CEO expressed (By Robert A. Sirico) counterproductive. Sanctions won’t bring optimism about the case against Japanese Despite occasional tensions between social freedom for religious expression in China. protectionism. ``We believe that the WTO, conservatives and economic conservatives, They won’t end China’s cruel policies limit- upon examination of the evidence, will con- most social and cultural goals have an eco- ing family size. They won’t stop the horrific clude that the laws and measures exacted by nomic dimension about which the two camps policy of forced abortions. They won’t bring E1286 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks June 20, 1997 democracy. They can only further isolate Freedom of speech and of the press is a MORATORIUM ON THE EPA’S PRO- China and close off avenues for greater West- basic American value. It is enshrined in the POSED NEW AIR QUALITY ern influence. first amendment to our Constitution. As coun- STANDARDS The growth of Western businesses in China, however, would dilute the power of China’s tries around the world struggle to achieve a communist rulers. As commercial networks transition to democracy, we must never forget HON. FRED UPTON develop, Chinese businesspeople are able to the importance of this freedom. We must OF MICHIGAN travel more freely, and Chinese believers strive to protect and foster the rights of ex- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have more disposable income with which to pression of peoples everywhere. Friday, June 20, 1997 support evangelistic endeavors. It was in this spirit that the council endorsed No one understands this better than evan- a declaration on press freedom that was Mr. UPTON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to gelical missionaries currently working in adopted on March 11, 1994, at the Hemi- join my colleagues RON KLINK and RICK BOU- China. Mr. Bauer’s passionate campaign has sphere Conference on Free Speech held at CHER in introducing legislation that will place a elicited pleas from many of them for Con- 4-year moratorium on the Administrator of En- Chapultepec Castle in Mexico City. gress not to cut off trade. Such an action vironmental Protection Agency's [EPA] author- Known as the Declaration of Chapultepec, it would endanger their status there, and pos- ity to promulgate new or revised ambient air sibly lead China to revoke their visas. It has been endorsed by news organizations and quality standards for ozone or fine particulate would severely limit opportunities to bring prominent leaders throughout the Western matter. We are introducing this legislation be- in Bibles and other religious materials. Hemisphere, including President Clinton. cause the Administrator of the EPA appears These missionaries understand that commer- The Declaration describes the importance of cial relations are a wonderfully liberating determined to finalize the highly controversial force that allow not only mutually beneficial a free press in a free society, and lays down new standards she proposed in NovemberÐin trade but also cultural and religious ex- 10 principles for ensuring the continuance of spite of widespread disagreement within the changes. Why doesn’t Mr. Bauer listen to press freedom. It is only when individuals take scientific community that they will produce any those who know far more about China than responsibility for protecting their liberties that measurable improvement in human health and Washington think tanks and labor unions we can all be assured of the continuation of widespread certainty among State and local do? ‘‘They may be too close to the situa- the freedoms that we cherish. tion,’’ he answers, somewhat flippantly. government officials across the Nation and I commend the Declaration to my col- even within other agencies of the Federal Until recently, trade warriors have cited leagues and ask that it be printed in the the case of the U.S. Catholic bishops, who Government that the proposed new standard have opposed renewing normal trade status RECORD at this point: will wreak economic and social havoc. with China. At the same time, however, No people or society can be free without Consider, for example, these excerpts from Hong Kong’s official Catholic newspaper, the freedom of expression and of the press. The an November 20, 1996, letter from the Assist- Sunday Examiner, reports new contacts be- exercise of this freedom is not something au- ant Secretary of Transportation to Sally tween Beijing and Hong Kong’s Catholic hi- thorities grant, it is an inalienable right of Katzen, Director of the Office of Management erarchy. These contacts are a major step to- the people. and Budget [OMB] office responsible for re- Every person has the right to seek and re- ward an official recognition of the Catholic viewing and signing off on the EPA's regu- Church on the mainland. ceive information, express opinions and dis- latory impact analysis of the proposed new TO THE GOOD seminate them freely. No one may restrict or deny these rights. standards. The letter calls into question not This would all be to the good. Diplomacy The authorities must be compelled by law only the EPA's estimate of the cost of these and international trade strengthen people’s to make available in a timely and reasonable new standards, but also its determination of loyalties to each other and weaken govern- manner the information generated by the ment power. Beijing has shown itself to be the standards' positive impact on public health public sector. No journalist may be forced to supremely interested in fostering prosperity and the environment: reveal his or her sources of information. at home. Christians must take advantage of The social and economic disruption that Freedom of expression and of the press are this impulse, rather than recklessly treating the proposed changes will cause are not un- severely limited by murder, terrorism, kid- China as a monster that must be slain. derstood. The costs associated with the naping, intimidation, the unjust imprison- This need not be an issue that divides so- standards changes, both in terms of cost of ment of journalists, the destruction of facili- cial conservatives from economic conserv- compliance as well as economic impacts, will ties, violence of any kind and impunity for atives. Economic prosperity through free likely be large. . . . [It] is critical that the perpetrators. Such acts must be investigated trade is the most effective distributor of Administration understand the implications promptly and punished Harshly. wealth and power, and trade with China is associated with such costs up front. the surest way to break the gap of central- Prior censorship, restrictions on the cir- The impacts of the Clean Air Act sanctions ized political power. Religious conservatives culation of the media or dissemination of on highway funding, as well as on stationary should broaden their focus beyond purely so- their reports, arbitrary management of in- sources, could affect much larger areas, cial and cultural issues. Mr. Bauer and his formation, the imposition of obstacles to the going well beyond those envisioned when the supporters are right to decry the immoral flow of news, and restrictions on the activi- 1990 Amendments were passed. The enforce- treatment of believers in China. But allow- ties and movements of journalists directly ment consequences of these mandates would ing themselves to be used by protectionist contradict freedom of the press. thus likely be profound. Better estimates of and labor lobbies is an imprudent approach. The media and journalists should neither the impacts on transportation programs and Just as religious freedom offers the best hope be discriminated against nor favored because the economy in general are necessary before for Christian social influence, economic free- of what they write or say. the Administration commits to far more dom is the best hope for spreading that influ- Tariff and exchange policies, licenses for stringent standards. There are substantial uncertainties and ence around the world. the importation of paper or news-gathering equipment, the assigning of radio and tele- numerous subjective judgments required f vision frequencies and the granting or with- about the health effects and levels and form drawal of government advertising may not of the proposed standards . .. MEETING OF THE COUNCIL OF be used to reward or punish the media or in- Control measures needed to meet the FREELY ELECTED HEADS OF dividual journalists. standards could have significant economic GOVERNMENT The membership of journalists in guilds, impacts on industry, including previously their affiliation to professional and trade as- unregulated businesses, and require lifestyle sociations and the affiliation of the media changes by a significant part of the U.S. pop- HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN with business groups must be strictly vol- ulation. OF NEW YORK untary. Or consider these excerpts from an Novem- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The credibility of the press is linked to its ber 18, 1996 letter from the Small Business Friday, June 20, 1997 commitment to truth, to the pursuit of accu- Administration to the Administrator of the EPA; racy, fairness and objectivity and to the [Regarding the EPA’s conclusion that the Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I was pleased clear distinction between news and advertis- proposed rules will not have a significant recently to participate in this year's meeting of ing. The attainment of these goals and the economic impact on small entities] Consider- the Council of Freely Elected Heads of Gov- respect for ethical and professional values ing the large economic impacts suggested by ernment in Atlanta, GA. This meeting dealt may not be imposed. These are the exclusive the EPA’s own analysis that will unquestion- responsibility of journalists and the media. with a number of important issues facing the ably fall on tens of thousands, if not hun- In a free society, it is public opinion that re- dreds of thousands of small businesses, this Western Hemisphere, but I would like to focus wards or punishes. would be a startling proposition to the small the attention of my colleagues on one issue No news medium nor journalist may be business community. the conference addressed: The importance of punished for publishing the truth or criticiz- . . . EPA’s own draft November 3 analysis freedom of the press. ing or denouncing the government. (admittedly very approximate) reveals June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E1287 shockingly high impacts . . . Furthermore, we have made in recent years to diversify and transient air pollution from heavily polluted these costs are in addition to the costs re- develop our economy and produce good jobs. cities to meet, no matter how stringent their quired by the current standards. Thus, this The proposed new standard pose a particu- pollution reduction restrictions, the EPA ought regulation is certainly one of the most ex- lar problem for western Michigan, which is pensive regulations, if not the most expen- to be focusing its efforts on the nearly 50 per- sive regulation faced by small business in overwhelmingly affected by transient ozone cent of cities that have not yet come into com- ten or more years. (emphasis in original) from Gary, Chicago, and Milwaukee. No mat- pliance with the current standards for ozone ter how many costly restrictions and regula- and particulate matter. That is only common The grave concerns these and other Fed- tions might be imposed on many western sense. eral agencies, offices, and advisory councilsÐ Michigan communities to reduce local emis- I am also concerned that imposing new such as the Departments of Agriculture, Com- sions, they would still not meet the proposed standards when many areas have yet to come merce, and Defense, the Office of Science new standards. Take Muskegon County, for into compliance with the current standards and Technology Policy, and the Council of example. We could close down every factory, could actually slow progress toward cleaner Economic AdvisorsÐhave expressed about turn off every car, douse every backyard grill, air. The promulgation of new standards will re- the proposed new standards underscore the and remove every occupant and the county quire the development and implementation of concerns felt by communities across my dis- would still fail to meet the standards because new State implementation plans and will reset trict, my State, and this Nation. For example, of transient ozone from the other side of Lake the compliance clock. Michigan currently has six ozone nonattain- Michigan. The proposed regulations do not ap- ment counties. According to information pro- pear to provide any regulatory relief for such The Administrator of the EPA is rushing to vided by the Michigan Department of Environ- areas victimized by transient ozone, in spite of judgment, imposing new standards which will mental Quality, under the EPA's proposal, an the fact that the 1990 Clean Air Act amend- wreak havoc on economic growth, jobs, and additional 11 counties would violate the stand- ments gave the Administrator the authority to even personal lifestyles without solid evidence ard, based on data from the 1994±96 ozone take such situations into account in promulgat- that these sacrifices will be worth it in im- monitoring seasons. When all associated ur- ing regulations. proved health. That is why the legislation my banized areas and adjacent counties are in- Instead of imposing stringent new air quality colleagues and I are introducing today is vital cluded, most of lower Michigan would be standards that will thrust many communities to the future of my State and the nation. I en- thrust into nonattainment status, seriously un- now in attainment back into nonattainment and courage you to join us in cosponsoring this dermining and perhaps reversing the progress that will be impossible for areas impacted by bill. Friday, June 20, 1997 Daily Digest

HIGHLIGHTS House Committees ordered reported the following: The Financial Serv- ices Competitives Act; the Balanced Budget Act; the Revenue Rec- onciliation Act; and the Civil Asset Forfeiture Reform Act. Senate and potential risks relating to the sale of certain Chamber Action computers. Pages S6022±24, S6026 Routine Proceedings, pages S6017–S6048 Coverdell (for Inhofe/Coverdell/Cleland) Amend- Measures Introduced: Eight bills and one resolu- ment No. 423, to define depot-level maintenance tion were introduced, as follows: S. 942–949, and S. and repair, to limit contracting for depot-level main- Con. Res. 34. Pages S6040±41 tenance and repair at installations approved for clo- sure or realignment in 1995, and to modify authori- Measures Reported: Reports were made as follows: ties and requirements relating to the performance of S. 949, to provide revenue reconciliation pursuant core logistics functions. Pages S6026±27 to section 104(b) of the concurrent resolution on the Senate will continue consideration of the bill on budget for fiscal year 1998. (S. Rept. No. 105–33) Tuesday, June 24, 1997. S. 947, to provide for reconciliation pursuant to Authority for Committee: Committee on Finance section 104(a) of the concurrent resolution on the was authorized until 12 midnight, today, to file a budget for fiscal year 1998. Page S6040 report. Page S6048 Measures Passed: Messages From the House: Page S6040 Electric and Magnetic Fields Research Exten- Communications: Page S6040 sion: Senate passed H.R. 363, to amend section 2118 of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 to extend Statements on Introduced Bills: Pages S6041±44 the Electric and Magnetic Fields Research and Pub- Additional Cosponsors: Page S6044 lic Information Dissemination program, clearing the Amendments Submitted: Pages S6045±46 measure for the President. Page S6048 Notices of Hearings: Page S6046 DOD Authorizations: Senate continued consider- ation of S. 936, to authorize appropriations for fiscal Authority for Committees: Page S6046 year 1998 for military activities of the Department Additional Statements: Pages S6046±48 of Defense, for military construction, and for defense Adjournment: Senate convened at 10 a.m., and re- activities of the Department of Energy, and to pre- cessed at 3:32 p.m., until 10 a.m., on Monday, June scribe personnel strengths for such fiscal year for the 23, 1997. (For Senate’s program, see the remarks of Armed Forces, taking action on amendments pro- the Acting Majority Leader in today’s Record on posed thereto, as follows: Pages S6019±24, S6026±27 page S6048.) Pending: Cochran/Durbin Amendment No. 420, to require Committee Meetings a license to export computers with composite theo- retical performance equal to or greater than 2,000 (Committees not listed did not meet) million theoretical operations per second. Pages S6019±24, S6026 OMNIBUS BUDGET RECONCILIATION Grams Amendment No. 422 (to Amendment No. Committee on the Budget: Committee ordered favorably 420), to require the Comptroller General of the reported an original bill (S. 947) to provide for rec- United States to conduct a study on the availability onciliation pursuant to H. Con. Res. 84, establishing D646 June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D647 the congressional budget for the United States Gov- Committee on the Budget with respect to spending ernment for fiscal year 1998 and setting forth appro- reductions and revenue increases with regard to tax priate budgetary levels for fiscal years 1999, 2000, provisions to meet reconciliation expenditures as im- 2001, and 2002. posed by H. Con. Res. 84, establishing the congres- sional budget for the United States Government for RECONCILIATION fiscal year 1998 and setting forth appropriate budg- Committee on Finance: Committee completed its re- etary levels for fiscal years 1999, 2000, 2001, and view of recommendations which it will make to the 2002. h House of Representatives ergy to the Bureau of Land Management; and au- Chamber Action thorizes the lease with private entities to explore, de- Bills Introduced: 6 public bills, H.R. 2002–2007; velop, and produce petroleum, other than oil shale, 1 private bill, H.R. 2008; and 1 resolution, H. Res. located on the public domain lands (agreed to by a 173, were introduced. Pages H4132±33 recorded vote of 248 ayes to 146 noes, Roll No. Reports Filed: Reports were filed as follows: 222); Pages H4108±10, H4118±19 H.J. Res. 79, disapproving the extension of non- The Weldon of Pennsylvania amendment that re- discriminatory treatment (most-favored-nation treat- quires the President to submit certifications concern- ment) to the products of the People’s Republic of ing the targeting or re-targeting of Russian Inter- China (Adverse, H. Rept. 105–140); and continental Ballistic Missiles at sites in the United H.R. 1278, to authorize appropriations for the ac- States (agreed to by a recorded vote of 290 ayes to tivities of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 100 noes, Roll No. 223); and Pages H4110±16, H4119 Administration for fiscal years 1998 and 1999, The Traficant amendment that authorizes the as- amended (H. Rept. 105–66 Part II). Pages H4131±32 signment of up to 10,000 DOD personnel to assist border patrol and control by the Immigration and Journal Vote: By a yea-and-nay vote of 336 yeas to Naturalization Service and the Customs Service at 49 nays, Roll No. 218, agreed to the Speaker’s ap- the request of the Attorney General in the case of proval of the Journal of Thursday, June 19. the INS or the Secretary of the Treasury in the case Page H4091 of the Customs Service (agreed to by a recorded vote Special Investigative Authorities: By a recorded of 269 ayes to 119 noes with 1 voting ‘‘present’’, vote of 216 ayes to 194 noes Roll No. 220, the Roll No. 224). Pages H4116±17, H4120 House agreed to H. Res. 167, providing Special In- Rejected: vestigative Authorities for the Committee on Gov- The Luther amendment that sought to terminate ernment Reform and Oversight. Pages H4091±H4103 further production of the Trident D–5 submarine Agreed to order the previous question by a yea- launched ballistic missile. Pages H4103±08, H4117±18 and-nay vote of 217 yeas to 196 nays, Roll No. 219. Agreed to H. Res. 169, as amended, the rule pro- Pages H4101±02 viding for consideration of the bill on June 19. Department of Defense Authorization Act: The Page H4103 House continued consideration of amendments to Legislative Program: The Majority Leader an- H.R. 1119, to authorize appropriations for fiscal nounced the legislative program for the week of June years 1998 and 1999 for military activities of the 23. Page H4120 Department of Defense, to prescribe military person- Meeting Hour: Agreed that when the House ad- nel strengths for fiscal years 1998 and 1999. The journs on Saturday, June 21, 1997, it adjourn to House completed general debate and considered meet at 10:30 a.m. on Monday, June 23, for morn- amendments to the bill on Thursday, June 19. Fur- ing hour debate. Page H4122 ther consideration of amendments will resume on Monday, June 23. Pages H4103±21 Calendar Wednesday: Agreed that the business in Agreed to: order under the Calendar Wednesday rule be dis- Hefley amendment that transfers jurisdiction of pensed with on Wednesday, June 25. Page H4122 Naval Oil Shale Reserves Numbered 1 and 3 located Senate Messages: Message received today from the in the State of Colorado from the Department of En- Senate appears on pages H4089 . D648 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST June 20, 1997 Quorum Calls—Votes: Two yea-and-nay votes and ation, and consider any cleared executive and legisla- five recorded votes developed during the proceedings tive business. of the House today and appear on pages H4091, (Senate will recess on Tuesday, June 24, 1997 from H4102, H4102–03, H4117–18, H4118–19, H4119, 12:30 p.m. until 2:15 p.m. for respective party con- and H4120. There were no quorum calls. ferences.) Adjournment: Met at 9:00 a.m. and adjourned at Senate Committees 3:15 p.m. (Committee meetings are open unless otherwise indicated) Committee Meetings Committee on Appropriations: June 24, to hold hearings with the Committee on Governmental Affairs on the im- FINANCIAL SERVICES COMPETITIVENESS plementation of the Government Performance and Results ACT Act, 10 a.m., SD–192. Committee on Banking and Financial Services: Ordered June 24, Full Committee, business meeting, to mark reported amended H.R. 10, Financial Services Com- up proposed legislation making appropriations for foreign petitiveness Act of 1997. assistance programs for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1998, 2:30 p.m., SH–216. BALANCED BUDGET ACT; REVENUE June 25, Subcommittee on District of Columbia, to RECONCILIATION ACT hold hearings on proposed budget estimates for fiscal year Committee on the Budget: Ordered reported the follow- 1998 for the District of Columbia, 10 a.m., SD–192. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs: June ing: The Balanced Budget Act of 1997; and the 25, Subcommittee on Securities, to resume oversight Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1997. hearings to examine Social Security investment in the se- CIVIL ASSET FORFEITURE REFORM ACT curities markets, 10 a.m., SD–538. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation: June Committee on the Judiciary: Ordered reported H.R. 24, to hold hearings on the nomination of Jane Garvey, 1965, Civil Asset Forfeiture Reform Act. of Massachusetts, to be Administrator of the Federal ETHICS REFORM PROPOSALS Aviation Administration, 9:30 a.m., SR–253. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources: June 24, to Task Force on Ethics Reform: Concluded hearings on meet to further discuss proposals to advance the goals of Ethics Reform proposals. Testimony was heard from deregulation and competition in the electric power indus- Thomas Mann, Director, Governmental Studies Pro- try, 10:30 a.m., SD–366. gram, W. Averell Harriman, Senior Fellow in Amer- June 26, Subcommittee on Forests and Public Land ican Governance, Brookings Institution; Ann Management, to hold hearings on S. 783, to increase the McBride, President and CEO, Common Cause; Gary accessibility of the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilder- Ruskin, Director, Congressional Accountability ness, 9:30 a.m., SD–366. Project; and David Mason, Senior Fellow in Congres- June 26, Subcommittee on National Parks, Historic sional Studies, Heritage Foundation. Preservation, and Recreation, to hold hearings on S. 308, to require the Secretary of the Interior to conduct a study f concerning grazing use of certain land within and adja- Committee Meetings for Saturday, cent to Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, and to June 21, 1997 extend temporarily certain grazing privileges, and S. 360, to require adoption of a management plan for the Hells (Committee meetings are open unless otherwise indicated) Canyon National Recreation Area that allows appropriate House use of motorized and nonmotorized river craft in the recreation area, 2 p.m., SD–366. No Committee meetings are scheduled. Committee on Environment and Public Works: June 26, f Subcommittee on Clean Air, Wetlands, Private Property, and Nuclear Safety, to hold oversight hearings on recent CONGRESSIONAL PROGRAM AHEAD administrative changes and judicial decisions relating to Week of June 23 through 28, 1997 Section 404 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, 9:30 a.m., SD–406. Senate Chamber Committee on Foreign Relations: June 25, to hold hearings on pending nominations, 10 a.m., SD–419. On Monday, Senate will begin consideration of S. Committee on Governmental Affairs: June 24, to hold 947, Budget Reconciliation. hearings with the Committee on Appropriations on the On Tuesday, Senate will resume consideration of S. implementation of the Government Performance and Re- 936, DOD Authorizations, and continue consider- sults Act, 10 a.m., SD–192. ation of S. 947, Budget Reconciliation. June 25, Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations, During the balance of the week, Senate expects to to hold hearings to examine emerging fraud in the Medi- complete consideration of S. 947, Budget Reconcili- care program, 9:30 a.m., SD–342. June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D649 Committee on the Judiciary: June 24, to hold hearings to House Committees examine the Rand report relating to punitive damages in financial injury cases, 10 a.m., SD–226. Committee on Agriculture, June 25, Subcommittee on June 25, Full Committee, to hold hearings to examine Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry, hearing to review the cur- encryption, key recovery, and privacy protection in the rent status and future prospects of livestock, dairy, and information age, 10 a.m., SD–226. poultry trade between the United States and Asia, 10:00 June 26, Full Committee, business meeting, to con- a.m., 1300 Longworth. sider pending calendar business, 10 a.m., SD–226. June 26, Subcommittee on Livestock, Dairy, and Poul- June 26, Subcommittee on Technology, Terrorism, and try, hearing and markup of H.R. 1789, to reauthorize the Government Information, to hold hearings to examine the dairy indemnity program, 2 p.m., 1300 Longworth. threat of domestic terrorism, focusing on allegations from Committee on Appropriations, June 24, to mark up Mili- the recent trial of Timothy McVeigh in the Oklahoma tary Construction appropriations for fiscal year 1998, 9:30 City bombing, 10 a.m., SD–226. a.m., 2360 Rayburn. June 26, Subcommittee on Immigration, to hold hear- June 24, Subcommittee on Legislative, to mark up ap- ings on proposals to extend the Visa Waiver Pilot Pro- propriations for fiscal year 1998, immediately following gram, including S. 290, to establish a visa waiver pilot full Committee, H–144 Capitol. program for nationals of Korea who are traveling in tour June 25, Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Devel- groups to the United States, 2 p.m., SD–226. opment, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Committee on Rules and Administration: June 25, to hold Agencies, to mark up appropriations for fiscal year 1998, hearings to examine campaign financing, focusing on 9:30 a.m., 2362A Rayburn. whether political contributions are voluntary, 9:30 a.m., June 25, Subcommittee on Foreign Operations, Export SR–301. Financing and Related Programs, to mark up appropria- Committee on Small Business: June 26, business meeting, tions for fiscal year 1998, 3 p.m., H–144 Capitol. to mark up S. 208, to provide Federal contracting oppor- June 25, Subcommittee on VA, HUD and Independent tunities for small business concerns located in historically Agencies, to mark up appropriations for fiscal year 1998, underutilized business zones, and proposed legislation au- 12:30 p.m., H–140 Capitol. thorizing funds for the Small Business Administration, Committee on Banking and Financial Services, June 24, 9:30 a.m., SR–428A. Subcommittee on Housing and Community Opportunity, Committee on Veterans Affairs: June 25, to hold hearings hearing on The Adequacy of Available Homeowners’ In- to review a recent General Accounting Office (GAO) re- surance in Disaster Prone Areas—The Problem, 10:00 port on Persian Gulf War illnesses, 9:30 a.m., SR–418. a.m., 2128 Rayburn. Committee on Indian Affairs: June 25, to hold oversight Committee on Commerce, June 24, Subcommittee on Fi- hearings on the Administration’s proposal to restructure nance and Hazardous Materials, hearing on Financial Indian gaming fee assessments, 9:30 a.m., SD–562. Services Reform, 10:00 a.m., 2123 Rayburn. June 26, Subcommittee on Telecommunications, Trade, House Chamber and Consumer Protection, hearing on H.R. 1839, Na- Monday, Consideration of 2 Suspensions: tional Salvage Motor Vehicle Consumer Protection Act of 1. Veterans’ Cemetery Protection Act; and 1997, 10 a.m., 2123 Rayburn. 2. H. Con. Res. regarding the Cost of Govern- Committee on Education and the Workforce, June 24, Sub- ment Day; and committee on Oversight and Investigations, hearing on Education at a Crossroads, What Works, What’s Wasted Continue consideration of amendments to H.R. in Federal Drug and Violence Prevention Programs, 1119, Defense Authorization Act for FY 1998 and 11:00 a.m., 2261 Rayburn. 1999 (structured rule). June 24, Subcommittee on Workforce Protections, Tuesday, Consideration of 1 Corrections Day meas- hearing on the Occupational Safety and Health Adminis- ure, H.R. 1316, Federal Beneficiary Clarification tration’s reinvention project, 10:00 a.m., 2175 Rayburn. Act; June 25, full Committee, to mark up the following Consideration of H.J. Res. 79, disapprove Most- measures: H.R. 1853, Carl D. Perkins Vocation and Ap- Favored-Nation treatment to products of the People’s plied Technology Act Amendments of 1997 Act, and H. Republic of China; Res. 139, expressing the sense of the House of Represent- Complete consideration of H.R. 1119, Defense atives that the Department of Education, States, and local Authorization Act for FY 1998 and 1999 (structured education agencies should spend a greater percentage of rule). Federal education tax dollars in our children’s classrooms, 10:00 a.m., 2175 Rayburn. Wednesday, Consideration of H. Res. , rule for June 26, Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Youth Budget Reconciliation; and and Families, hearing on Charter Schools, 10:00 a.m., Consideration of H.R. , Budget Reconciliation 2261 Rayburn. Spending Component. June 26, Subcommittee on Postsecondary Education, Thursday, Consideration of H.R. , Budget Rec- Training and Life-Long Learning, to continue hearings on onciliation Tax Cut Component. H.R. 6, Higher Education Act Amendments of 1998, Friday, the House is not in session. 9:30 a.m., 2175 Rayburn. D650 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST June 20, 1997

Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, June 24, Committee on Resources, June 24, hearing on the follow- Subcommittee on Government Management, Information, ing bills: H.R. 700, to remove the restriction on the dis- and Technology, oversight hearing on Investigative Prac- tribution of certain revenues from the Mineral Springs tices of Inspectors General, 9:30 a.m., 2247 Rayburn. parcel to certain members of the Agua Caliente Band of June 24 and 26, Subcommittee on Human Resources, Cahuilla Indians; H.R. 948, Burt Lake Band of Ottawa hearings on Status of Efforts to Identify Gulf War Syn- and Chippewa Indians Act; H.R. 976, Mississippi Sioux drome, 10 a.m., 2154 Rayburn. Tribes Judgment Fund Distribution Act of 1997; and June 25, Subcommittee on National Security, Inter- H.R. 1604, to provide for the division, use, and distribu- national Affairs, and Criminal Justice, hearing on Effec- tion of judgment funds of the Ottawa and Chippewa In- tiveness of Counterdrug Technology Coordination at dians of Michigan pursuant to dockets numbered 18–E, ONDCP, 1 p.m., 2154 Rayburn. 58, 364, and 18–R before the Indian Claims Commis- June 26, Subcommittee on Government Management, sion, 10:00 a.m., 1324 Longworth. Information, and Technology, to mark up the following June 24, Subcommittee on Forests and Forest Health, measures: H.R. 404, to amend the Federal Property and oversight hearing on Resident Exotic Plants and Pests Administrative Services Act of 1949 to authorize the threatening the health of the National Forests, 2:00 p.m., transfer to State and local governments of certain surplus 1324 Longworth. property for use for law enforcement or public safety pur- June 24, Subcommittee on National Parks and Public poses; H.R. 1962, to provide for the appointment of a Lands, hearing on the following measures: H.R. 1952, Chief Financial Officer and Deputy Chief Financial Offi- Utah Wilderness and School Trust Lands Protection Act cer in the Executive Office of the President; and the Spe- of 1997; and H.R. 1500, to designate certain Federal cial Government Employee Act, 10:30 a.m., 2247 Ray- lands in the State of Utah as wilderness, 10:00 a.m., burn. 1334 Longworth. Committee on International Relations, June 24, Sub- June 24, Subcommittee on Water and Power, hearing committee on International Operations and Human on the following bills: H.R. 134, to authorize the Sec- Rights, hearing on Human Rights in Northern Ireland, retary of the Interior to provide a loan guarantee to the 10:00 a.m., 2172 Rayburn. Olivenhain Water Storage Project and H.R. 1400, June 25, full Committee, hearing on U.S. Policy To- Tumalo Irrigation District Water Conservation Project ward Lebanon, 10:00 a.m., 2172 Rayburn. Authorization Act, 2:00 p.m., 1334 Longworth. June 25, Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere, June 25, full Committee, to mark up the following hearing to review issues in Central America, 1:30 p.m., measures: S.J. Res. 29, to direct the Secretary of the Inte- 2255 Rayburn. rior to design and construct a permanent addition to the June 26, full Committee, hearing on United States En- Franklin Delano Roosevelt Memorial in Washington, D.C.; H.R. 765, Shackleford Banks Wild Horses Protec- terprise Funds in Eastern Europe and the States of the tion Act; H.R. 799, to require the Secretary of Agri- Former Soviet Union, 10 a.m., 2172 Rayburn. culture to make a minor adjustment in the exterior Committee on the Judiciary, June 25, hearing on proposals boundary of the Hells Canyon Wilderness in the States to provide rights to Victims of Crime, including the fol- of Oregon and Idaho to exclude an established Forest lowing measures: H.J. Res. 71, proposing an amendment Service road inadvertently included in the wilderness; to the Constitution of the United States to protect the H.R. 822, to facilitate a land exchange involving private rights of crime victims; and H.R. 1322, Victims’ Rights land within the exterior boundaries of Wenatchee Na- Constitutional Amendment Implementation Act of 1997, tional Forest in Chelan County, WA; H.R. 838, to re- 9:30 a.m., 2141 Rayburn. quire adoption of a management plan for the Hells Can- June 25, Subcommitee on Immigration and Claims, yon National Recreation Area that allows appropriate use hearing on the following bills: H.R. 7, Citizenship Re- of motorized and nonmotorized river craft in the recre- form Act of 1997; and H.R. 1428, Voter Eligibility Ver- ation area; H.R. 901, American Land Sovereignty Protec- ification Act, 10 a.m., 2226 Rayburn. tion Act; H.R. 951, to require the Secretary of the Inte- June 26, Subcommitttee on the Constitution, hearing rior to exchange certain lands located in Hinsdale, Colo- on H.R. 1909, Civil Rights Act of 1997, 9 a.m., 2141 rado; H.R. 960, to validate certain conveyances in the Rayburn. city of Tulare, Tulare County, California; H.R. 1127, Na- June 26, Subcommittee on Immigration and Claims, tional Monument Fairness Act of 1997; H.R. 1198, to hearing on the following measures: H.R. 371, Hmong direct the Secretary of the Interior to convey land to the Veterans’ Naturalization Act of 1997; H.R. 967, to pro- City of Grants Pass, Oregon; and H.R. 1658, Atlantic hibit the use of United States funds to provide for the Striped Bass Conservation Act Amendments of 1997, 11 participation of certain Chinese officials in international a.m., 1324 Longworth. conferences, programs, and activities and to provide that June 26, Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, certain Chinese officials shall be ineligible to receive visas Wildlife and Oceans, hearing on H.R. 1855, to impose and be excluded from admission to the United States; and a moratorium on large fishing vessels in the Atlantic her- a measure to provide for a change with respect to the re- ring and mackerel fisheries, 10:00 a.m., 1334 Longworth. quirements for a Canadian border boat landing permit Committee on Rules, June 24, to consider the Budget pursuant to section 235 of the Immigration and Nation- Reconciliation Spending Component, 11 a.m., H–313 ality Act, 9:30 a.m., 2226 Rayburn. Capitol. June 20, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D651

Committee on Science, June 24, Subcommittee on Tech- education, training, employment, and housing, 9:30 a.m., nology, hearing on The Role of R&D in Improving Civil- 334 Cannon. ian Air Traffic Management, 2:30 p.m., 2318 Rayburn. June 26, Subcommittee on Oversight and Investiga- Committee on Small Business, June 26, hearing on tions, hearing on efforts to achieve computer compliance OSHA’s Contemplated Safety and Health Program Stand- with Year 2000 requirements, 9:30 a.m., 334 Cannon. ards, 10 a.m., 2359 Rayburn. Committee on Ways and Means, June 24, Subcommittee Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, June 25, on Social Security, to continue hearings on The Future of Subcommittee on Aviation, hearing on market-based so- Social Security for this Generation and the Next, 10 a.m., lutions to air service problems for medium-sized commu- B–318 Rayburn. nities, 9:30 a.m., 2167 Rayburn. Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, June 24, execu- Committee on Veterans’ Affairs, June 25, Subcommittee tive, briefing on NATO Enlargement, 2 p.m., H–405 on Benefits, hearing on pending proposals in the areas of Capitol. D652 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST June 20, 1997

Next Meeting of the SENATE Next Meeting of the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 10 a.m., Monday, June 23 9 a.m., Saturday, June 21

Senate Chamber House Chamber Program for Monday: After the recognition of two Sen- Program for Saturday: No legislative business. ators for speeches and the transaction of any morning Program for Monday: Consideration of 2 Suspensions: business (not to extend beyond 12 Noon), Senate will 1. Veterans’ Cemetery Protection Act; and begin consideration of S. 947, Budget Reconciliation. 2. H. Con. Res. ——, regarding the Cost of Govern- ment Day; and Continue consideration of H.R. 1119, National De- fense Authorization Act for Fiscal Years 1998 and 1999 (structured rule).

Extensions of Remarks, as inserted in this issue

HOUSE Gilman, Benjamin A., N.Y., –E1286 Moran, Jerry, Kan., –E1281 Crane, Philip M., Ill., –E1285 Gingrich, Newt, Ga., –E1277 Packard, Ron, Calif., –E1281 DeLauro, Rosa L., Conn., –E1278 Hall, Ralph M., Tex., –E1277, E1279 Schaffer, Bob, Colo., –E1284 Deutsch, Peter, Fla., –E1278 Harman, Jane, Calif., –E1282 Skelton, Ike, Mo., –E1279 Doyle, Michael F., Pa., –E1281 Hill, Rick, Mont., –E1279 Stark, Fortney Pete, Calif., –E1278 Forbes, Michael P., N.Y., –E1283 Kildee, Dale E., Mich., –E1277, E1279 Upton, Fred, Mich., –E1286 Fowler, Tillie K., Fla., –E1281 Kucinich, Dennis J., Ohio, –E1279 Vela´ zquez, Nydia M., N.Y., –E1277 Gillmor, Paul E., Ohio, –E1283 McDade, Joseph M., Pa., –E1282 Wolf, Frank R., Va., –E1280

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