MAPPING OF TREES OUTSIDE FORESTS (TOF) AND STRIP FORESTS IN HARYANA WITH HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE DATA Mothi Kumar K. Elisha Haryana Space Applications Centre (HARSAC) (www. harsac.org) HARSAC (Department of Science and Technology, Haryana) (www.harsac.org) Vision Harnessing the potential of Geospatial Technologies for developmental planning in the state of Haryana Mission Nodal agency for all Remote sensing, GIS, GPS and UAV based surveys in Haryana Mapping, monitoring and management of natural resources, environment and infrastructure Promoting research, education and capacity building in remote sensing and GIS Creating, storing, analyzing, retrieving and supplying spatial digital data Successfully completed more than 175 national and state level projects Resource Development in the field of Geo Spatial technology M. Tech (Geo Informatics) with GJU S & T, Hisar Haryana Haryana state lies between 27°39' - 30° 55' N and 74°27' - 77° 36' E. Geographical area of Haryana is 4421200 ha (1.3% TGA of India). Consists of 22 districts. Haryana is bounded by Uttar Pradesh in the east, Punjab in the west, Himachal Pradesh in the north and Rajasthan in the south, Haryana adjoins Delhi on three sides. Agriculturally Haryana state is an intensively cultivated state (80%) and rich state in northwest India. The rainfall varies from 213 mm in the southwest to 1,400 mm in the northeast. The rainfall is meagre, particularly in the districts of Mahendragarh and Hissar. Recorded forest area 1,767 sq. kms (www.esaharyana.gov.in) and deficient in natural forests. Forest Sector in Haryana Forest Survey of India Report (2017) Forest Cover in the state is 1588 sq.km which is 3.59% of the state's geographical area. Tree Cover in the state is 1282 sq. km which is 2.90% of the Geographical area. Thus Forest and Tree Cover of the Haryana state is 6.49% of its Geographical area. (based upon the Dec.2015 Satellite Data interpretation). Forest in Haryana classified as : Reserve Forest (RF). Protected Forest (PF). Unclassified Forest (UCF) (Section 38). PLPA (Section 4 & 5). Aravalli Plantation (AP). Gair Mumkin Pahad Bhood Land. Trees Outside Forest (ToF) Trees outside the Forest are defined by default, as all trees excluded from the definition of forest and other wooded lands. Trees outside the Forest are located on "other lands", mostly on farmlands and built-up areas, both in rural and urban areas. A large number of TOF consist of planted or domesticated trees. TOF include trees in agro forestry systems, orchards and small woodlots. They may grow in meadows, pastoral areas and on farms, or along rivers, canals and roadsides, or in towns, gardens and parks. The concept of “Trees outside Forests” (TOF) emerged in 1995 to designate trees growing outside the forest and not belonging to Forest or Other Wooded Land. The term represents an effort to concentrate attention that had been spread out on components of this rather diffuse resource: agro forestry, urban and rural forestry. Need of the Hour National Forest Policy (1988) has set a goal to bring one third of Country’s area under forest and tree cover. Such a goal can’t be achieved in the state of Haryana where 81% of land under agriculture. This can be achieved through agro-forestry on farm lands and tree plantation on all waste lands in the State. One of the mandate of HFD is to afforest for maintenance of environmental stability and restoration of ecological balance affected by serious depletion of forests, woodlands and water, and to increase tree cover in the state and to bring forest and tree cover to 10 % by the end of the year 2020 so as to realize the ultimate goal of 20% in a phased manner. Since its inception, HFD has put tremendous efforts to promote the increase in the tree cover through various means. Thus there's need was felt to assess the existing forest cover in the state. HFD requested HARSAC to map the Trees Outside Forest areas (TOF) and to Digitize the existing Strip Forests in the state using the High Resolution Satellite Data. Data sets and Methodology Satellite Data Cartosat 1 2016 / 17 IRS P6 LISS IV of year 2017 / 18 Resolution merge of Cartosat and LISS IV (2.5 mtrs) Pan sharpened image with spatial resolution of 2.5 mtrs Satellite Sensor Spatial Resolution Year Cartosat-1 PAN 2.5 m 2017 IRS Resoursesat-2 LISS-IV 5.8m 2017 / 18 Cartosat / LISS IV Data Image Rectification Resolution Merge Field Verification Image Elements Trees outside Forests (ToF) Individual ToF Formations Linear ToF Formations Block ToF Formations Small Canals Farm Forest Rivers Large Scrub Railway lines Horticultural Plantations Roads Miscellaneous Plantation Farm Bunds Spatial Database on TOF Mapping Tree cover mapping has been done using IRS Cartosat-1 PAN data and P6 LISS IV multispectral data. Data was analysed / interpreted in ERDAS and ArcMAP environment employing on screen digitization methods with suitable land cover legends. Interpreted data was evaluated for the quality by internal expertise, with preparation of land cover statistics. Inputs for this component included satellite data and its acquisition, geometric correction, contrast enhancement, legend standardization, on screen interpretation and quality control steps. Resolution merge (Cartosat and LISS IV Data) Components of ToF Point ToF Single crown Clustered crowns Line ToF formations Canals Rivers Roads Railway lines Block ToF formations Farm bunds Farm forests Plantations Horticultural Plantations Scrub TOF Classification System Level I Level II Level III Points Large Small Cluster Line Formations Canals Well Stocked Under Stocked Rivers Well Stocked Under Stocked Roads Well Stocked Under Stocked Railway Line Well Stocked Under Stocked Farm Bunds Well Stocked Block Formations Farm Forests Stocked Under Stocked Horticultural Plantations Well Stocked Under Stocked Miscellaneous Plantation Well stocked Under Stocked Scrub Open Dense Spatial Distribution of various ToF classes in Haryana Sr. TOF Classes Area (ha) % TGA No 1 Farm Forests 17187.72 0.38 2 Horticultural Plantations 8701.25 0.19 3 Miscellaneous Plantations 31896.95 0.72 4 Scrub 25709.13 0.58 5 Total 83495.05 1.88 Sr. No Code Category No. of Trees Area (ha) Length (kms) % TGA 1 1.1 Large Trees 2577036 2 1.2 Small Trees 150146 3 1.3 Cluster Trees 44350 4 2.1 Farm Forests Well stocked 15553.2 0.35 5 2.2 Farm Forests Under Stocked 1848.1 0.04 6 2.3 Horticultural Plantations 5031.68 0.11 Well stocked 7 2.4 Horticultural Plantations 3702.38 0.08 Under Stocked 8 2.5 Miscellaneous Plantation 21443.91 0.48 Well stocked 9 2.6 Miscellaneous Plantation 10468.1 0.23 10 2.7 Scrub Open 20872.8 0.47 11 2.8 Scrub Dense 5823.66 0.13 12 3.1 Canals Well Stocked 7493 13 3.2 Canals Under Stocked 3517 14 3.3 Rivers Well Stocked 605.51 15 3.4 Rivers Under Stocked 157.84 16 3.5 Roads Well Stocked 12777.6 17 3.6 Roads Under Stocked 7559 18 3.7 Railway Line Well Stocked 787 19 3.8 Railway Line Under Stocked 219 20 3.9 Farm Bunds Well Stocked 6086 21 3.10 Farm Bunds Under Stocked 3248.9 22 3.11 Farm Bunds 124 Richness of information derived from fused images Horticulture Plantation Cartosat-1 LISS-IV Resolution merged image (Cartosat-1 and LISS-IV) TOF along Canals - Well Stocked TOF along Canals Resolution merged image (Cartosat-1 and LISS-IV) Fine scale forest canopy and plantation structure details Forests and plantation seen with best details of crown sizes / growth stage B A A - Orchards B – Deciduous forest C – Crown size (17 m dia) Extraction of Horticulture Plantations in Ramnagar (Gurugaon) Miscellaneous plantation near Sasroli Village (Jhajjar District) Horticultural plantation near Teja khera Village (Sirsa District) Farm Bunds near to Katwara village (Rohtak District) Canal : Well stocked plantation (Kurukshetra District) The picture can't be displayed. Project Highlights First time in the country on large scale mapping (10 k scale) of ToF has been undertaken by any Forest Department. Total No. of Maps prepared on 10 k Scale : 986 Duration of the project : 18 months (01 May 2018 to 31.12.2019) Trees outside Forests (TOF) plays an important role in global carbon cycling, since they are large pools of carbon as well as potential carbon sinks and sources to the atmosphere. The present study successfully demonstrates the potential of finer spatial resolution of IRS Cartosat 1 and LISS-IV satellite data to map various ToF categories in the state of Haryana (1:10 K scale). Digitization of Strip Forests in Haryana Need of the Hour For the Sustainable Development of Forest resources in the state, the Haryana Forest Department (HFD) has undertaken plantations along the roads, canals, railway lines etc. has been done in the state, which constitutes a substantial area to large scale plantations. The status of ToF would also indicate the success of afforestation projects such as social forestry and wasteland development. The Data pertaining to ToF as well as the Strip Forests are mostly absent from official statistics, policy initiatives for its management are also hurdled with time consuming methods of age-old inventorying. There is a need felt to create digital data base of the Notified Strip Forest wealth in the state using the High Resolution Satellite Data. Objectives Digitization of existing roads (National Highway, State Highways, District Highway, City Road and Village roads), Canals (River, streams, main canals, distributaries etc) and Railway lines (Broad gauge, meter gauge etc.) on 1:2 k scale using the World view - II (50 cms resolution) for identification of Strip Forest. Creation of forest buffer zone consists of width of the strip forests as per the HFD Notification / Field Details.