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Plant Biotech Denmark Annual Meeting 2015 28 - 29 January Plant Biotech Denmark Plant Biotech Denmark Annual meeting 2015 Annual meeting 2015 28 - 29 January 28 - 29 January Faculty of Science Faculty of Science University of Copenhagen University of Copenhagen Cover photo: Arabidopsis thaliana mutants at flowering time at DNRF Center DynaMo, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen. DynaMo uses the glucosinolate defense compounds within Arabidopsis thaliana as a unique model system to uncover molecular interactions that coordinate and facilitate dynamic biological processes in a multicellular organism. Head of Center: Professor Barbara Ann Halkier. Photo: Postdoc Lea Møller Jensen. Plant Biotech Denmark Annual meeting 2015 28 - 29 January Programme WEDNESDAY - 28 January 2015 09.00 - 09.30 Registration, coffee/tea and croissant 09.30 - 09.35 Welcome by Henrik Brinch-Pedersen, Head of the Steering Committee, Plant Biotech Denmark Session 1: Plant Products/Plants for Food and Feed Chair: Andreas Blennow 09.35 - 10.20 Keynote talk within the research area 'Plant Products' 6 Advancing our understanding of starch biosynthesis in plants through work in model species and through pathway reconstruction in heterologous systems by Professor Samuel C Zeeman, ETH Zürich, Switzerland 10.20 - 10.40 The elucidation of vanillin biosynthetic pathway in the vanilla orchid, Vanilla 7 planifolia, by Postdoc Nethaji Gallage, University of Copenhagen, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences 10.40 - 11.00 Enzymatic degradation of soybean fiber components demonstrated by 8 viscosity and microscopy techniques by Associate Professor Helle Juel Martens, University of Copenhagen, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences 11.00 - 11.30 Break, Coffee/tea and fruit Session 2: Synthetic and Systems Biology/Plant Signalling and Cellular Trafficking Chair: Meike Burow 11.30 - 12.15 Keynote talk within the research area 'Synthetic and Systems Biology' 9 The ultimate way to 'go green' by Professor Birger Lindberg Møller, University of Copenhagen, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences 12.15 - 12.35 Exploiting the Diterpenoid toolbox for the biosynthesis of high value 10 diterpenoid compounds, by Postdoc Johan Andersen-Ranberg, University of Copenhagen, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences 12.35 - 12.55 Identification of a novel fix- mutant involved in deubiquitination pathway in 11 Lotus japonicus using LORE1 resource by Postdoc Anna Malolepszy, Aarhus University, Dept. of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Centre for Carbohydrate Recognition and Signalling 12.55 - 13.45 Lunch 13.45 - 13.55 Announcements Session 3: Biomass Production and Processing/Plant Breeding - Quality, Productivity and Diseases Chair: Claus Felby 13.55 - 14.40 Keynote talk within the research area 'Biomass Production and Processing' 12 Phenylpropanoid plasticity – opportunities and challenges for engineering for improved cell wall processing by Professor Shawn D Mansfield, University of British Columbia, Canada 4 Programme 14.40 - 15.00 Comparative genomics and phylogenetical analysis in the Lolium-Festuca 13 complex of species, by PhD student Adrian Czaban, Aarhus University, Dept. of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Research Centre Flakkebjerg 15.00 - 15.30 Coffee/tea, cake and fruit Session 4: Elevator talk and Poster session Chair: Kåre Lehmann Nielsen 15.30 - 16.15 Elevator talks (3 minutes talks based on selected abstracts) 14 16.15 - 17.45 Poster session in the Marble Hall – Wine/beer and snacks are served 17.45 - 18.00 Walking to Gimle canteen, Dyrlægevej 9 18.00 Dinner at Gimle canteen, Dyrlægevej 9 THURSDAY - 29 January 2015 Session 5: New Perspectives on Orphan Crops Chair: Jens Stougaard 09.00 - 09.45 Development of lentil and other pulse crops in Canada 15 by Professor Albert Vandenberg, University of Saskatchewan, Canada 09.45 - 10.30 Is faba bean on the threshold of a golden era of gene identification? 16 by Professor Donal O'Sullivan, University of Reading, UK 10.30 - 11.00 Coffee/tea 11.00 - 11.45 Genomics assisted adaptation of sorghum to central European conditions 17 by Dr. Wubishet Abebe Bekele, University of Giessen, Germany Session 6: Technologies - Genome Editing Chair: Henrik Brinch-Pedersen 11.45 - 12.25 Understanding, generating and redesigning hybrids using reverse breeding 18 by Dr. Erik Wijnker, University of Hamburg, Germany 12.25 - 13.10 Lunch 13.10 - 13.50 Engineering plant genomes with sequence-specific nucleases 19 by Professor Dan Voytas, University of Minnesota, USA 13.50 - 14.25 Developing genome editing technologies for crop improvement 20 by Professor Caixia Gao, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 14.25 - 14.40 Towards precisely glyco engineered plants, by Associated Professor Bent L. 21 Petersen, University of Copenhagen, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences 14.40 - 14.55 Targeted mutagenesis in barley, by Senior Researcher Inger B. Holme, Aarhus 22 University, Dept. of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Research Centre Flakkebjerg 14.55 - 15.00 Thank you for this year 15.00 Coffee and cookies 15.00 - 18.00 Master class for registered students 5 Session 1: Plant Products/Plants for Food and Feed Keynote talk within the research area 'Plant Products' Advancing our understanding of starch biosynthesis in plants through work in model species and through pathway reconstruction in heterologous systems Samuel C Zeeman Department of Biology, ETH Zurich, Switzerland Starch is a vital plant product for society. Learning more about its metabolism gives us options for crop improvement by altering starch structure, properties and yields. Starch is primarily composed of the branched glucan, amylopectin, which has an architecture that allows the formation of insoluble, semi-crystalline granules. To achieve this architecture requires multiple isoforms of the biosynthetic enzymes (starch synthases and starch branching enzymes) that initiate granules and elaborate amylopectin. The crystallisation process is also facilitated by a specialised sub-class of the debranching enzymes, which are thought to selectively remove misplaced branch points. Despite this knowledge, starch biosynthesis has not yet been recreated in-vitro or in a heterologous system, suggesting that other, as-yet undiscovered protein factors may also be involved. Much progress has been made by studying starch metabolism in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, where it is a primary product of photosynthesis, stored temporarily in chloroplasts during the day. Functional genomic and biochemical studies have advanced our understanding of the roles of known starch-metabolising enzymes and facilitated the discovery of new ones. However, both starch biosynthetic and degradative enzymes in the same compartment and that there is good evidence that the two processes are somehow regulated. We have observed that when using genetics to remove starch biosynthetic enzymes to examine the effect on starch structure, the results can often be complicated by the unanticipated involvement of degradative enzymes. Therefore, to complement our genetic studies in Arabidopsis, we have undertaken a programme of expressing of combinations of Arabidopsis enzymes in the heterologous system Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with the aim of defining a minimal set of enzymes/proteins required for starch production. This presentation will provide an overview of these research results – charting both the successes and the obstacles we have faced. 6 Session 1: Plant Products/Plants for Food and Feed Selected talk within the research area 'Plant Products' The elucidation of vanillin biosynthetic pathway in the vanilla orchid, Vanilla planifolia 1,2,3 1,2,3 Nethaji J Gallage and Birger Lindberg Moller 1 VILLUM Research Center for Plant Plasticity, 2 Center for Synthetic Biology “bioSYNergy” 3 Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Dept. of Plant and Environmental Sciences, UCPH, DK Vanillin is the world’s most popular flavor compound. It is the key constituent of the natural vanilla flavor obtained from cured vanilla pods. A single hydratase/lyase type enzyme, vanillin synthase (VpVAN) - catalyzes direct conversion of ferulic acid and its glucoside into vanillin and its glucoside, respectively. The enzyme shows high sequence similarity to cysteine proteinases and is strictly specific to the substitution pattern at the aromatic ring. Transient expression of VpVAN in tobacco and stable expression in barley, in combination with the action of endogenous alcohol dehydrogenases and UGTs, result in vanillyl alcohol glucoside formation from endogenous ferulic acid. A gene encoding an enzyme showing 71% sequence identity to VpVAN was identified in another vanillin producing plant species Glechoma hederacea and was also shown to be a vanillin synthase as demonstrated by transient expression in tobacco (Gallage et al., 2014). The isolation of vanillin from vanilla pods is a laborious and costly process. Currently, less than 1% of the global production of vanillin is derived from vanilla pods, while the majority is produced synthetically using e.g. lignin and eugenol as starting materials. Industrial application of bioengineered microorganisms for vanillin production has gained quite a lot of attention not only from the flavor and fragrance industries, but also from environmental groups, the general public and politicians. The recent identification of VpVAN from the vanilla orchid can contribute to an entirely new opportunity for biotechnology based production of natural vanillin. If high expression levels can be obtained in yeast production strains and the enzyme
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