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12th Zimbabwe International Research Symposium Book of Papers Presented 13 -15 February 2019 The Nexus between Research and Industry: Key to Innovation and Sustainable Development 2 Published by Research Council of Zimbabwe 11 Stafford Road, Mount Pleasant, Harare Or P.O.Box CY 294, Causeway Harare, Zimbabwe Phone: +263 242-304733, 304861 Email: [email protected] Website: www.rcz.ac.zw ISBN Number: 978-1-77929-465-4 ISSN Number: 2412-2386 “The Nexus between Research and Industry: Key to Innovation and Sustainable Development” 2 3 Copyright All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording or other electronic or mechanical methods, without prior permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotation embodied in critical reviews and certain other non-commercial uses permitted by copyright law. For permission request, write to The Publisher, addressed to the Executive Director at the address below. Research Council of Zimbabwe 11 Stafford Road Harare Copyright © 2019 by Research Council of Zimbabwe. 3 4 CONTENTS 7. 12TH ZIRS SPONSORS 8. ORGANISING COMMITTEE MEMBERS 9. BACKGROUND 10. OBJECTIVES OF THE 12TH ZIRS 10. OVERVIEW OF THE 12TH ZIRS 12. PLENARY PRESENTATIONS 13. PARALLEL SESSIONS PRESENTATIONS 14. EDITORIAL 15. OFFICIAL OPENING ADDRESS 42. SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES DETERMINANTS OF INTENSITY CONSUMPTION OF SELECTED INDIGENOUS VEGETABLES IN ZIMBABWE 57. RELEVANT SCIENCE EDUCATION AS A KEY FACTOR TO FIGHT YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT: A CASE OF BULAWAYO METROPOLITAN PROVINCE. 67. FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ADOPTION OF INTERNET BANKING BY STUDENTS IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS IN SOUTH AFRICA 83. THE INFLUENCE OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (HRMPS) ON SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SMES) PERFORMANCE IN ZIMBABWE. 99. THE MEGA TRENDING FORCES DRIVING DIGITAL DISRUPTION: DIGITAL VORTEX EVOLUTION. 106. VENTURE CAPITAL FINANCE AS AN ANTIDOTE TO DIMUNITING SMES 119. A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK DEVELOPMENT OF EMOTIONAL LABOUR EFFECT ON SERVICE QUALITY. 129. FOSTERING 140. AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE FACTORS DETERMINING THE SUCCESS OF BUSINESS INCUBATORS IN ZIMBABWE- THE CASE OF HARARE 165. TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION IN ZIMBABWE THROUGH UNIVERSITIES-INDUSTRY LINKAGES: POLICY, RESEARCH, PRACTICE 177. PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTOR PARTICIPATION IN STATE OWNED ENTERPRISES- IMPLICATIONS FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS 188. SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ASSESSING THE TRENDS AND PERFORMANCE OF THE KAPENTA FISHING INDUSTRY USING LOCAL STAKEHOLDERS’ PERCEPTIONS, KNOWLEDGE AND HISTORICAL DATA IN LAKE KARIBA, ZIMBABWE 4 5 201. AN ASSESSMENT OF DIVERSITY AND PLAGUE BACTERIA (YERSINIA PESTIS) PREVALENCE AMONG RODENTS IN NKAYI AND UMZINGWANE DISTRICTS, ZIMBABWE 212. GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSE OF SORGHUM (SORGHUM BICOLOR L.) TRANSPLANTS TO IN-FIELD WATER HARVESTING FROM CONSERVATION AND CONVENTIONAL SOIL PREPARATION METHODS 228. ESTABLISHING THE FIRST NATIONAL FARM ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCE BANK FOR ZIMBABWE 343. RELATIVE GROWTH PERFOMANCE AND SUCCEPTIBILITY TO SCOURS OF PRE- WEANED PIGLETS ON CREEP DIETS PARTIALLY SUBSTITUTED WITH MORINGA OLEIFERA 245. MULTISTOREY AUTOMATED CAR PARKING SYSTEM (MACPS): TOWARDS SMART CITY PARKING 254. NEEM LEAF EXTRACT FOR THE CONTROL OF THE SWEET POTATO WEEVIL (CYLAS FORMICARIUS ELEGANTULUS (SUMMERS) IN SEMI-ARID REGIONS OF ZIMBABWE 262. THE EFFECT OF CULTIVAR AND ORGANIC ENRICHED FERTILISERS ON PLUM (PRUNUS SALICINA) GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT UNDER HIGH DENSITY MANAGEMENT SYSTE 272. POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE FALL ARMYWORM MOTH ON OVER THE 2017/18 CROPPING SEASON AT CHIREDZI RESEARCH STATION IN THE SOUTH EASTERN LOWVELD OF ZIMBABWE. 285. DISTRIBUTION OF THE POTENTIALLY INVASIVE SPECIES GIANT MILKWEED (CALOTROPIS PROCERA L. AITON) IN ZIMBABWE 301. PUBLIC-PRIVATE SECTOR PARTNERSHIPS FOR DESTINATION IMAGE RECOVERY AND SUSTAINABLE PERFORMANCE OF THE TOURISM SECTOR IN ZIMBABWE 320. AN ASSESSMENT OF WOODY VEGETATION STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION WITHIN A PERI-URBAN PARK: A CASE-STUDY OF SABLE GAME PARK, CENTRAL ZIMBABWE 338. A STRATEGY TO IMPROVE UTILIZATION OF SMS-BASED MARKET INFORMATION SYSTEM BY SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN ZIMBABWE: CASE OF MBARE MUSIKA 366. THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FIRE CONTROL MEASURES IN RESETTLEMENT FARMING AREAS OF HWEDZA, ZIMBABWE. 382. POTENTIAL OF LOCALLY ADAPTED GUAVA LINES UNDER IRRIGATED AND RAIN FED CONDITIONS FOR COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION IN THE SOUTH EAST LOWVELD OF ZIMBABWE. 391. FACTORS INFLUENCING THE UTILIZATION OF MOBILE APPLICATIONS IN AGRICULTURAL MARKETING AMONG COMMUNAL FARMERS IN ZIMBABWE: THE CASE OF MASHONALAND CENTRAL PROVINCE. 405. HOUSEHOLD WELFARE IMPACTS OF SORGHUM PRODUCTION DIFFERENTIALS IN SEMI-ARID ZIMBABWE: TOWARDS STRENGTHENING CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION 5 6 421. THE USE OF HONEY BEES (APIS MELLIFERA) AS A BIO-INDICATOR OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE INDUCED BY ANTHROPOGENIC ACTIVITIES ON A SOUTHERN AFRICA SEMI-ARID SAVANNA ECOSYSTEM 429. THE SOCIO – ECONOMIC AND BIOPHYSICAL IMPACTS OF BLACK GRANITE MINING IN MUTOKO, ZIMBABWE. 445. EFFICACY OF EMAMECTIN BENZOATE AGAINST FALL ARMYWORM, SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L) 456. EFFECT OF PLANTING DATES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF FOUR SUGAR BEAN (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L.) VARIETIES 468. FERTILIZER AND WEEDING EFFECTS ON SPIDER ABUNDANCE AND DIVERSITY IN SOYABEAN UNDER CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE IN A SUB-HUMID ENVIRONMENT IN ZIMBABWE 478. THE ROLE OF HONEYBEES (APIS MELLIFERA) IN ENSURING FOOD SECURITY FOR RURAL COMMUNITIES 486. EVALUATION OF VARIOUS PROCESSING METHODS ON COWPEAS (VIGNA UNGUICULATA) USED AS A PROTEIN SOURCE FOR FEEDING GROWING FINISHING PIGS 497. THE PURPOSE AND APPLICABILITY OF INCLUSION- AN ECCLESIASTICAL APPROACH 508. DETERMINATION OF THE NATURAL HOST STATUS OF AVOCADO FRUIT TO PESTIFEROUS THRIPS (THYSANOPTERA: THRIPIDAE) IN KWAZULU-NATAL, SOUTH AFRICA 523. PROMOTING AND MAINTAINING GOOD HEALTH RISK MODELLING FOR BLOOD SAFETY: CONCEPTS AND APPLICATION PERSPECTIVES 535. DEVELOPMENT OF AN ONLINE MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIC AND CONSULTATION SYSTEM CASE OF GWERU PROVINCIAL HOSPITAL 546. ZIMBABWE’S PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SYSTEM: DOES IT WORK? 564 .LOCAL SOLUTIONS FOR LOCAL PROBLEMS: THE BATTLE BETWEEN HERBALISTS AND PHARMACEUTICALS. 580. DIETARY ADEQUACY OF MENUS SERVED IN FIVE VOCATIONAL TRAINING COLLEGES IN MATABELELAND SOUTH PROVINCE IN ZIMBABWE 593. KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PRACTICES CONCERNING BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS AMONG HEALTH CARE WORKERS. A CASE STUDY OF HARARE CENTRAL HOSPITAL. 610. NATIONAL SECURITY OF ZIMBABWE A REVIEW OF CYBER SECURITY IN THE BANKING SECTOR IN ZIMBABWE: A CASE OF CHINHOYI 6 7 TH 12 ZIMBABWE INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM SPONSORS Ministry of Media and Information and Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education Broadcasting Services 7 8 12TH ZIRS ORGANISING COMMITTEE 1. Mrs S. Muzite Executive Director Research Council of Zimbawe 2. Dr. D. Garwe RCZ Board Member, Committee Chairperson 3. Mr. C. Samkange RCZ Board Member 4. Prof. H Chimhundu RCZ Board Member 5. Mr D.E.H. Murangari RCZ Board Member 6. Mrs J. Gombe RCZ Board Member 7. Mr. C. Mapika Agricultural Research Council 8. Dr S. Mombeshora Women’s University in Africa 9. Mr. A. Nyahangare (Deceased) Africa University 10. Mr. M. Kembo Confederation of Zimbabwe Industries 11. Prof. B. Sibanda Lupane State University 12. Dr. D. Kutywayo Department of Research and Specialist Services 13. Mrs. N. Nyahunzvi National Economic Consultative Forum 14. Prof. L. Chikoko Midlands State University 15. Dr. A. Chinyama National University of Science and Technology 16. Mrs. M. Maume National Biotechnology Authority 17. Mr. Makunda CBZ 18. Ms. P. Mapondera MetBank 19. Mr. D. Mutashu Zimbabwe Confederation of Retailers Association 20. Ms. R. Marunda Standard Association of Zimbabwe 21. Mr. N. Handireketi National Institute of Health Research 22. Mr. T. Chitopo Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Enterprise Development 23. Prof. B. Nhamo Zimbabwe Open University 24. Prof. P. Mapfumo University of Zimbabwe 25. Ms. S. Ruzario Medical Research Council of Zimbabwe 26. Mrs. S. Sanyanga Association of Healthcare Funders of Zimbabwe 27. Dr. S. Abel Bankers Association of Zimbabwe 28. Dr. J. Tsabora Zimbabwe Ezekiel Guti University 29. Mr. D. Sibanda Industrial Development Corporation of Zimbabwe 8 9 BACKGROUND OF ZIRS The Research Council of Zimbabwe (RCZ) is a statutory body established in terms of the Research Act [Chapter 10:22]. It is mandated to promote, direct, supervise, and co-ordinate research. RCZ host biennial Symposium to give local and International Researchers a forum to present their research findings and share experience with fellow professional and policy makers. RCZ will host the 12th Edition of the Zimbabwe International Research Symposium on 13 - 15 February 2019. The theme for this Symposium is “The Nexus between Research and Industry: Key to Innovation and Sustainable Development”. The theme was motivated by the policy direction of His Excellency, the President and Chancellor of Public Universities enunciated on strengthening linkages between Academia and Industry for economic growth. The pronouncement was made at his meeting with Vice Chancellors on 9 January 2018. RCZ directs its efforts towards demand-driven research for sustainable development. The symposia, therefore is a strategy to provide platform for creating lasting linkages between and stakeholders within the National Science Technology and Innovation System of Zimbabwe. RCZ has successfully hosted eleven symposia
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    ZIMBABWE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION For Human Dignity REPORT ON: APRIL 2020 i DISTRIBUTED BY VERITAS e-mail: [email protected]; website: www.veritaszim.net Veritas makes every effort to ensure the provision of reliable information, but cannot take legal responsibility for information supplied. NATIONAL INQUIRY REPORT NATIONAL INQUIRY REPORT ZIMBABWE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION ZIMBABWE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION For Human Dignity For Human Dignity TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD .................................................................................................................................................. vii ACRONYMS.................................................................................................................................................... ix GLOSSARY OF TERMS .................................................................................................................................. xi PART A: INTRODUCTION TO THE NATIONAL INQUIRY PROCESS ................................................................ 1 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Establishment of the National Inquiry and its Terms of Reference ....................................................... 2 1.2 Methodology ..................................................................................................................................... 3 CHAPTER 2: THE NATIONAL INQUIRY PROCESS .........................................................................................