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Austral: Brazilian Journal of Strategy & International Relations e-ISSN 2238-6912 | ISSN 2238-6262| v.7, n.14, Jul./Dec. 2018 | p.158-182 RUSSIA, CHINA AND SOUTH KOREA IN THE SOUTH-AMERICAN DEFENSE MARKET Ricardo Borges Gama Neto1 Introduction The present article addresses two interconnected subjects. The first one is the relation between political ideology and the purchase of defense armaments, while the other is the opening of markets, which has occurred in South America in the last few years. The significant changes in the economy and politics of the subcontinent, which started in the end of the last century and continued until the first decades of the present one, brought about deep impacts, not only in the political environment, but also in what concerns the purchase of defense equipment. Political changes in key countries such as Venezuela, Argentina, Bolivia and Brazil and the growth of economies with the commodities’ boom have propelled the acquisition of defense material, at the same as opening markets for new sellers. Russia, as a descendent of the Soviet Union, has maintained its restricted buyers and, with the end of the Cold War, started to broaden its market by selling equipment that was vetoed by the North-American policy, such as the BVR Vympel R-77 missiles and the MANPAD Igla missiles type. Other important suppliers of defense material also have further en- tered in the South-American market. Certainly, the most important ones are China and South Korea. The former uses its economic and political power of negotiation, acquired in the period of strong economic growth and enhance- ment of trade relations, to enter in both Russian and other countries’ markets.
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