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Photographers' Credits Photographers’ Credits Adam, Irina Acokanthera oppositifolia (2 photos), Alocasia cv. Hilo’s Beauty, Alocasia watsoniana, Alocasia × amazonica, Arum italicum, Aucuba japonica (3 photos), Brassaia actinophylla, Caladium bicolor (2 photos), Clivia nobilis (2 photos), Colocasia esculenta, Crassula argentea (2 photos), Cycas circinalis, Ephedra gerardiana (2 photos), Ficus benjamina, Gingko biloba, Hydrangea sp., Ligustrum japonicum, Malus sp., Prunus sp., Ricinus communis, Spathiphyllum sp., Swietenia mahagoni, Wisteria sinensis, Xanthosoma violacea, Zamia integrifolia Balick, Michael Abrus precatorius (2 photos), Adenium sp., Adonis amurensis (2 photos), Allamanda cathartica (2 photos), Allium canadense (2 photos), Hippeastrum ‘Basuto’, Anemone coronaria, Pulsatilla vulgaris ‘Papageno’, Anthurium × roseum, Arum italicum, Atropa belladonna, Baptisia cv. ‘Purple Smoke’, Blighia sapida, Brassaia actinophylla, Calycanthus floridus cv. ‘Athens’, Catharanthus roseus (3 photos), Celastrus scandens, Cestrum nocturnum, Chelido- nium majus, Chrysanthemum sp. (3 photos), Clematis jackmanii, Clematis cv.‘Niobe,’ Colchicum autumnale (3 photos), Conium maculatum (2 photos), Convallaria majalis (2 photos), Crinum bulbispermum, Cryptostegia sp. (2 photos), Cycas revoluta, Datura stra- monium (2 photos), Digitalis purpurea (2 photos), Epipremnum aureum, Euphorbia milii, Ficus benjamina, Ficus elastica, Galanthus nivalis, Hedera helix, Helleborus niger, Helleborus niger cv. ‘Maximus’, Hippobroma longiflora, Hura crepitans & Canavalia rusiosperma, Hydrangea macrophylla, Hypericum perforatum (2 photos), Iris pseudoacorus (2 photos), Jatropha curcas, Kalmia angustifolia, Kalmia latifolia ‘Pink Surprise’, Lantana camara (2 photos), Lonicerca tatarica, Manihot esculenta (3 photos), Melia azedarach, Monstera deliciosa, Narcissus poeticus, Narcissus pseudonarcissus, Narcissus sp., Nerium oleander (2 photos), Ornithogalum thyrsoides (2 photos), Ornithogalum umbellatum, Pentalinon luteum, Philoden- dron selloum, Pieris floribunda, Pieris japonica (2 photos), Prunus pendula var. adscendens (2 photos), Prunus serotina, Prunus laurocerasus, Pteridium acquilinium, Rhamnus cathartica, Rhododendron cv. ‘Yaku Princess’, Rhododendron cv. ‘Rosebud’, Rhododendron × PMJ, Robinia pseudoacacia, Scilla peruviana, Scilla siberica, Sophora secundiflora, Symplocarpus foetidus, Tox- icodendron radicans, Veratrum viride, Wisteria sinensis. Cheatham, Scooter Astralagus mollissimus, Astralagus wootonii, Karwiskia humboldtiana (2 photos), Sophora secun- diflora (2 photos), Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Foster, Steven Aconitum napellus, Actaea rubra, Aesculus californica, Aesculus glabra, Aesculus hippocastanum (2 photos), Aloe vera, Anemone canadensis, Pulsatilla patens, Pulsatilla vulgaris, Arisaema dra- contium, Arisaema triphyllum, Atropa belladonna, Baptisia alba, Blighia sapida, Capsicum annuum, Caulophyllum thalictroides (2 photos), Chelidonium majus, Cicuta maculata, Clema- tis virginiana, Clivia miniata, Colocasia esculenta, Conium maculatum, Crinum asiaticum, Datura wrightii, Digitalis purpurea, Dirca palustris, Eriobotrya japonica, Euonymus americanus, Euonymus atropurpurea, Euphorbia marginata, Euphorbia pulcherrima, Gelsemium semper- virens, Gymnocladus dioicus, Hydrastis canadensis (3 photos), Hypericum perforatum, Ilex opaca, Lantana camara, Ligustrum lucidum (2 photos), Lobelia cardinalis, Lobelia inflata, Lobelia siphi- 307 308 Photographers’Credits litica, Lupinus perennis, Lycoris radiata, Lyonia sp., Menispermum canadense, Momordica cha- rantia, Nerium oleander, Nicotiana rustica, Nicotiana tabacum, Phoradendron serotinum (2 photos), Physalis crassifolia, Phytolacca americana, Podophyllum peltatum (2 photos), Poncirus trifoliata, Ranunculus acris, Ranunculus sceleratus, Rhamnus cathartica, Rheum × cultorum, Ricinus communis (2 photos), Robinia pseudoacacia, Sambucus nigra, Sambucus nigra subsp. caerulea, Sambucus nigra subsp. canadensis, Sanguinaria canadensis, Schinus molle, Schinus tere- binthifolius, Senecio douglasii, Senecio jacobea, Spigelia marilandica, Symphoricarpos albus, Taxus brevifolia (2 photos), Thevetia peruviana, Veratrum californicum, Viscum album, Zant- edeschia aethiopica, Zigadenus fremontii, Zigadenus nuttallii Goltra, Peter Calophyllum inophyllum (2 photos) Gromping, Hans-Wilhelm Hyoscyamus niger Henderson, Flor Caryota mitis (embryo) Henderson, Andrew Caryota urens, Caryota gigas Howard, Richard A. Aconitum napellus, Actaea pachypoda, Actaea rubra, Actaea spicata, Adenium sp., Aleurites moluccana, Aloe speciosa, Hippeastrum sp., Hippeastrum puniceum, Anthurium × ferrierense, Anthurium wildenowii, Baptisia tinctoria, Caesalpinia bonduc (2 photos), Caesalpinia gilliesii, Calophyllum inophyllum, Calotropis gigantea, Calotropis procera (2 photos), Caltha palustris, Calycanthus floridus (2 photos), Cassia fistula (3 photos), Celastrus scandens, Celastrus scan- dens & C. orbiculatus, Cestrum nocturnum, Clematis paniculata, Clusia rosea (3 photos), Daphne mezereum, Datura metel, Datura metel cv. Cornucopaea, Brugmansia candida, Datura san- guinea, Dieffenbachia seguine, Dirca palustris, Euonymus americanus, Euonymus europaeus (2 photos), Euphorbia cyathophora, Euphorbia lactea (3 photos), Euphorbia lathyris, Euphorbia milii var. splendens, Euphorbia tirucalli, Gelsemium sempervirens, Gloriosa superba, Hedera helix, Heliotropium indicum, Hippomane mancinella (2 photos), Hura crepitans, Hymenocallis caribaea, Hymenocallis declinata, Ilex opaca, Ilex vomitoria, Iris germanica, Jatropha curcas, Jat- ropha podagrica (2 photos), Kalmia latifolia (2 photos), Laburnum anagyroides, Leucaena leu- cocephala (2 photos), Leucothoe sp., Lonicera periclymenum, Lycium carolinianum, Momordica charantia Monstera deliciosa (2 photos), Nicotiana glauca, Pedilanthus tithymaloides (2 photos), Pentalinon luteum, Philodendron sp., Physalis alkekengi (2 photos), Poncirus trifoliata, Ricinus communis, Rivina humilis, Sambucus racemosa, Sapindus saponaria, Schinus molle, Scilla his- panica, Sesbania grandifolia (2 photos), Solandra guttata (2 photos), Solanum dulcamara (2 photos), Solanum mammosum, Solanum seaforthianum, Spathiphyllum sp., Spigelia anthelmia, Strychnos nux-vomica, Taxus cuspidata cv. ‘Aurescens’, Urginea maritimae, Wisteria floribunda, Xanthosoma sagittafolium. Kronenberg, Fredi Sophora secundiflora Lighty, Richard W. Abrus precatorius, Adonis annua, Arum italicum, Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Caryota sp., Cryptostegia grandiflora, Cryptostegia madagascariensis, Daphne mezereum, Duranta repens (2 Photographers’Credits 309 photos), Hydrangea macrophylla, Laburnum anagyroides, Lonicera periclymenum, Lonicera tatarica, Manihot esculenta, Rhodotypos scandens (2 photos), Scilla sinensis, Zephyranthes ata- masco Linney, George K. Corynocarpus laevigatus Mickel, John Pteridium aquilinum Nee, Michael Cestrum diurnum, Brugmansia suaveolens, Solandra grandiflora, Solanum americanum (2 photos), Solanum mammosum, Solanum pseudocapsicum, Solanum tuberosum The New York Botanical Garden Illustrations from LuEsther T. Mertz Library: Aethusa cynapium, Caltha palustris, Cassia occidentalis, Coriaria myrtifolia (2 illustrations), Corynocarpus laevigatus, Daphne mezereum, Echium vulgare, Gymnocladus dioicus, Melia azedarach, Menispermum canadense, Myoporum laetum, Oenanthe crocata, Pachyrhizus erosus, Swietenia mahagoni, Toxicodendron diversilobum, Toxicodendron radicans, Toxicodendron vernix Photos from Archives: Alocasia macrorrhiza cv. ‘variegata’, Crotalaria sagittalis, Pernettya mucronata, Schoenocaulon drummondii Nixon, Kevin Pernettya mucronata Schoepke, Thomas Ligustrum vulgare, Myoporum laetum Stevenson, Dennis Wm. Zamia pumila (2 photos) Index Note: page numbers followed by f indicate figures. Note: page numbers followed by t indicate tables. A hippocastanum, 66, 68, Abrin, 58, 59 68f Acacia, False (Robinia pseudoacacia), pavia, 66–68 258–259 sylvatica, 66–68 Acacia (Leucaena leucocephala), 199 × carnea, 66–68 ACD (allergic contact dermatitis), 95, 104, Aethusa cynapium, 68–70 122, 174, 178, 180 African Coffee Tree, 255 Aceite, 70 African Lilac Tree, 214 Acid-labile glycosides, 89 African Wonderflower, 228 Ackee, 92–93 Agridulce, 276 Acokanthera Ahe Poi, 74 longiflora, 59–60 Ahouai des Antilles, 290 oblongifolia, 59–60 Ail du Canada, 72 oppositifolia, 59–60 Aji Caballero, 107 Aconite, 60, 62 Aji de Gallina/Guaguao, 107 Aconitine, 61–62 Aji Picante, 107 Aconitum Ajo, 72 columbianum, 60–61 ‘Aka’akai, 72 napellus, 60–61, 61f Akee/Aki, 92 reclinatum, 60–61 Aki, 305 uncinatum, 60–61 Ala de Pico, 139 Acridone alkaloid, 244 ‘Ala-Aumoe, 118 Actaea Alacrancillo, 175 pachypoda, 62–63, 63f Alacrancillo de Playa, 175 rubra, 62–63, 63f Alamanda Morada Falsa, spicata, 62–63, 63f 140 Activated charcoal, 58, 192, 237, 257, 259, Alder Buckthorn, 250 291, 298 Alelaila, 214 Adam and Eve, 84 Aleurites Adelfa, 223 cordata, 70–71 Adenium species, 64 fordii, 70–71 Adonis moluccana, 70–71 aestivalis, 65–66 montana, 70–71 amurensis, 65–66 trisperma, 70–71 annua, 65–66 Alexandrian Laurel, 100 vernalis, 65–66 Algerian Ivy, 173 A’e, 263 Algodon de Seda, 102 Aescin, 67 Alheli Extranjero, 223 Aesculus Aliphatic alcohols, 69 californica, 66–67, 67f Alkali Grass, 305 flava, 66–67 Alkaloids glabra, 66–67, 67f aconitine-related, 61–62 311 312 Index Alkaloids (Continued) Alternate leaf arrangement, 9 anticholinergic, 88–89, 118–119, 148–149, Alzheimer’s disease, 143 185–186, 274 Amarillo, 96, 156 berberine, 182–183 Amaryllidaceae family, 5t, 77, 126, 138, 167, calycanthin-related, 106–107 183, 209, 221–222,
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