DOCSLIB.ORG

Corpus-Based Study of the Grammaticalization and Semantic Networks of Chinese Guo and Le

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Corpus-Based Study of the Grammaticalization and Semantic Networks of Chinese Guo and Le CORPUS-BASED STUDY OF THE GRAMMATICALIZATION AND SEMANTIC NETWORKS OF CHINESE GUO AND LE A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Linguistics By Lihong Huang, M.A.T. Washington, D.C. November 10, 2017 Copyright 2017 by Lihong Huang All Rights Reserved ii CORPUS-BASED STUDY OF THE GRAMMATICALIZATION AND SEMANTIC NETWORKS OF CHINESE GUO AND LE Lihong Huang, M.A.T. Thesis Advisor: Andrea Tyler, Ph.D. ABSTRACT Due to their polysemous nature and inter-lexical polysemy (Evans, 2015), Chinese guo (過/过) and le (了) have proven to be two of the most closely related and most puzzling linguistic items for linguists to describe and L2 learners to master. Previous studies have made important findings on the semantics of guo and le (e.g., Chao, 1968; Lü, 1980; Li & Thompson, 1981; Huang & Davis, 1989; Smith, 1997); however, no satisfying, unified account has been offered. One major gap in the previous studies is the lack of systematicity. Moreover, none of the previous studies have tried to offer complete accounts for guo and le. In addition, the inter- lexical polysemy of guo and le has not been addressed as a polysemous phenomenon in a systematic fashion in the literature. With the aim of filling these gaps, this dissertation explores the semantics of guo and le from a cognitive, usage-based approach (e.g., Langacker, 1987, 2008). Specifically, by adopting Tyler and Evans’s (2003) methodology of Principled Polysemy, this study begins the exploration from the discussion of the proto-scenes or the primary senses of guo and le, and argues that the previous studies that treated the aspectual meanings of guo and le as their central senses and the starting point of their analyses are mostly wrong-headed. Through analyzing diachronic corpus data that cover a history of 3,000 years from the Western Zhou (1046-771 BCE) to modern times, this dissertation shows how guo and le have systematically evolved from their primary senses to today’s highly polysemous phenomena. Cognitive and usage-based explanations of meaning extension are an essential part of this dissertation. iii Furthermore, this study establishes semantic networks for guo and le, which not only represent the diachronic grammaticalization paths (Bybee et al., 1994) of the two particles, but also the synchronic interrelationship among the meanings. Finally, the inter-lexical polysemy, i.e., the seemingly interchangeable, but subtly different uses of guo and le, is analyzed with Lexical Concepts and Cognitive Models (Evans, 2015). Overall, this dissertation provides a systematic, motivated and fuller account of the semantics of guo and le. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This dissertation would not have been possible without the help and support of many sincere, inspiring and generous people. First and foremost, I would like to thank my advisor and committee chair, Dr. Andrea Tyler, who set my brain on fire and transformed me from an empty soul to a curious seeker of truth. I took all of the courses that Dr. Tyler offered at Georgetown University during the past seven years, enjoyed every single one, and learned a great deal from her. She brought me into the field of Cognitive Linguistics, and guided me from the most basic concepts to the complex analyses of different languages. In addition to her inspirational and informative lectures, I am very grateful for her detailed comments and edits on my homework assignments, tests, papers, and the drafts of this dissertation, which have not only deepened my learning and thinking on specific topics, but also constantly reminded me how to be a good teacher myself. During my moments of intense struggle, Dr. Tyler gave me her unflagging support and encouragement, which motivated me to persevere enthusiastically. I would also like to thank my committee members, Dr. Xiaofei Lu and Dr. Dilin Liu. It was a great learning experience working with them. I admire their work in applied linguistics, corpus approaches, and Chinese linguistics, and feel extremely fortunate to have their help and support. I sincerely appreciate all their time reading and commenting on the chapters. Additionally, I need to express my gratitude to all the Linguistics professors who taught me: Dr. Hector Campos, Dr. Jeffrey Connor-Linton, Dr. Elena Herburger, Dr. Alison Mackey, Dr. John Norris, Dr. Lourdes Ortega, Dr. Rob Podesva, and Dr. Elizabeth Zsiga. Their expertise and teaching were unparalleled and have trained me to be a more critical thinker. And, of course, I must thank Ms. Erin Esch Pereira for her timely help and guidance for years. v A special thanks goes to my colleagues at the Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures of Georgetown University. Thank you, Dr. Philip Kafalas and Dr. Jingyuan Zhang, for giving me the opportunities to work as your Teaching Assistant over ten years ago. Since then, you have been my mentors and supportive colleagues. Thank you, Dr. Kevin Doak, for writing me a recommendation letter to the Department of Linguistics. Thank you, Dr. Wenhui Li, Peng Wang, Juei-Chen Hsiao, Yusheng Yang, Dr. Fei Ren, Di Qi, Dr. Pei-Shan Yu, and Chuan Lin, for chatting with me during my downtime and for your unfailing encouragement. I am also very grateful to all the students that I taught at the Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures – they are my true source of inspiration. I owe many thanks to my dear Hoya friends. To Hana Jan and Tyler True, who listened to my initial ideas about this dissertation and provided feedback during our CogLing meetings. To Julien Isaacs, who helped me with proofreading and always reminded me about the English article system and tense consistency. To Mariko Uno, Yunkyoung Kang, Natalia Jacobsen, and Vitaly Nikolaev, who accompanied or advised me during my Ph.D. study journey. To Raphael Angieri, who is a great listener and helped me prepare for the dissertation defense. Last but not least, I am very grateful to my family. My parents taught me to be an upright and kind person. They encouraged me to pursue what is worth aiming for. No matter where I am, their love and support are always with me. Finally, I would like to thank my husband, Bing, and my daughter, Alice, for their tolerance of my absences during my doctoral studies. This dissertation is dedicated to them. vi For Bing and Alice vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1 1.1 The point of this dissertation.................................................................................. 1 1.2 Theoretical background ....................................................................................... 12 1.2.1 Some key tenets of Cognitive Linguistics .................................................. 12 1.2.2 Tyler and Evans’s Principled Polysemy Model .......................................... 22 1.2.3 Evans’s Theory of Lexical Concepts and Cognitive Models ...................... 32 1.2.4 Grammaticalization ..................................................................................... 35 Chapter 2 On GUO ........................................................................................................ 41 2.1 Previous studies of GUO ..................................................................................... 42 2.1.1 Yue Ren Chao (1968) ................................................................................. 42 2.1.2 Shuxiang Lü (1980) .................................................................................... 46 2.1.3 Charles N. Li and Sandra A. Thompson (1981) ......................................... 49 2.1.4 Carlota S. Smith (1997) .............................................................................. 55 2.1.5 Summary of the previous studies ................................................................ 63 2.2 The corpus study of GUO .................................................................................... 63 2.2.1 The proto-scene of GUO ............................................................................. 67 2.2.2 Data and analysis of GUO .......................................................................... 75 Shijing 诗经 (Classic of Poetry) ................................................................. 75 Lunyu 论语 (Analects) ................................................................................ 78 Fengsu tongyi 风俗通义 (Folk Legend) ..................................................... 85 Renwuzhi 人物志 (Biographical Notes and Data) ...................................... 90 Sanguozhi 三国志 (Records of the Three Kingdoms) ................................ 94 Baopuzi 抱朴子 (The Master Embracing Simplicity) ................................ 95 Shishuo xinyu 世说新语 (New Account of the Tales of the World) ........ 120 Tongdian 通典 (Comprehensive Institutions) .......................................... 126 Sishu zhangju jizhu 四书章句集注 (A Collection of Comments viii on the Four Books).................................................................................... 130 Sanguo yanyi 三国演义 (Romance of the Three Kingdoms) ................... 131 Rulin waishi 儒林外史 (The Scholars) ..................................................... 154 The Corpus of Center for Chinese Linguistics of Peking University (Modern Chinese Section) ........................................................................ 167 2.3 The principled polysemy network of GUO ......................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Une Ardente Alchimie Ou L'immortalité Par Les Cuisines
    Une ardente alchimie ou l’immortalité par les cuisines. Vincent DURAND-DASTÈS Le statut des femmes dans les religions chinoises est, comme dans bien des systèmes religieux du monde, marqué par l’ambiguïté. Les femmes sont frappées d’infériorité à bien des égards, car considérées comme pouvant être rituellement impures et admises en portion relativement congrue dans la plupart des clergés. Pourtant, les religions chinoises comptent un nombre appréciable de déesses, qui occupent des positions parfois tout à fait éminentes, et toutes sortes de « spécialistes religieux » de sexe féminin, tout à fait indispensables à la vie religieuse des communautés, tels les medium et exorcistes. Certaines de ces prêtresses dirigèrent d’importants mouvements religieux, qui, s’étendant parfois à plusieurs comtés ou provinces, inquiétèrent sérieusement les autorités. Par ailleurs, en Chine comme en bien d’autres lieux, les fidèles de sexe féminin comptaient pour une grande partie de la « clientèle » des monastères et lieux de culte. Pourtant, une morale officielle prônant la stricte séparation des sexes tenta à maintes reprises d’écarter les femmes de l’activité religieuse, du moins lorsque celle-ci impliquait pour elles de franchir les limites de leur maisonnée1. Ecoutons par exemple ce discours tenu par le personnage d’un roman chinois du XVIIe siècle à un groupe de femmes qu’il a eu la surprise de rencontrer sur le chemin d’un temple où elles comptent faire leurs dévotions : 「是誰家沒禮義男子，放縱閨門婦女外游？有這等不知羞婦女，借口燒香，庵觀混雜。雖 然是釋門，清淨慈悲，普度善男信女，只恐藏奸導欲，引惹市井無賴頑心。女菩薩有這善 心，何不守婦道，不出閨門，在家堂焚香拜聖；何必瞞丈夫，信僧尼，入寺觀，出身露面 ，見像焚修！ 」 « Quelle est donc cette famille dont les hommes, sans principes ni bienséance, laissent leurs femmes se promener librement ? Et quelles femmes sans vergogne, qui prétextent un pèlerinage pour aller se plonger dans la promiscuité des temples ou des ermitages ! Même si elles vont chez des moines bouddhistes pleins de pureté et de compassion, dévoués à sauver les fidèles des deux sexes, on peut craindre qu’elles n’éveillent les désirs cachés des débauchés de la ville.
    [Show full text]
  • Materials on Forest Enets, an Indigenous Language of Northern Siberia
    Materials on Forest Enets, an Indigenous Language of Northern Siberia SUOMALAIS-UGRILAISEN SEURAN TOIMITUKSIA MÉMOIRES DE LA SOCIÉTÉ FINNO-OUGRIENNE ❋ 267 ❋ Florian Siegl Materials on Forest Enets, an Indigenous Language of Northern Siberia SOCIÉTÉ FINNO-OUGRIENNE HELSINKI 2013 Florian Siegl: Materials on Forest Enets, an Indigenous Language of Northern Siberia Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia Mémoires de la Société Finno-Ougrienne 267 Copyright © 2013 Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura — Société Finno-Ougrienne — Finno-Ugrian Society & Florian Siegl Layout Anna Kurvinen, Niko Partanen Language supervision Alexandra Kellner This study has been supported by Volkswagen Foundation. ISBN 978-952-5667-45-5 (print) MÉMOIRES DE LA SOCIÉTÉ FINNO-OUGRIENNE ISBN 978-952-5667-46-2 (online) SUOMALAIS-UGRILAISEN SEURAN TOIMITUKSIA ISSN 0355-0230 Editor-in-chief Riho Grünthal (Helsinki) Vammalan Kirjapaino Oy Editorial board Sastamala 2013 Marianne Bakró-Nagy (Szeged), Márta Csepregi (Budapest), Ulla-Maija Forsberg (Helsinki), Kaisa Häkkinen (Turku), Tilaukset — Orders Gerson Klumpp (Tartu), Johanna Laakso (Wien), Tiedekirja Lars-Gunnar Larsson (Uppsala), Kirkkokatu 14 Matti Miestamo (Stockholm), FI-00170 Helsinki Sirkka Saarinen (Turku), www.tiedekirja.fi Elena Skribnik (München), Trond Trosterud (Tromsø), [email protected] Berhard Wälchli (Stockholm), FAX +358 9 635 017 Jussi Ylikoski (Kautokeino) He used often to say there was only one Road; that it was like a great river: its springs were at every doorstep, and every path was its tributary. “It’s a dangerous business, Frodo, going out of your door,” he used to say. “You step into the Road, and if you don’t keep your feet, there is no knowing where you might be swept off to […]” (The Fellowship of the Ring, New York: Ballantine Books, 1982, 102).
    [Show full text]
  • The Daoist Tradition Also Available from Bloomsbury
    The Daoist Tradition Also available from Bloomsbury Chinese Religion, Xinzhong Yao and Yanxia Zhao Confucius: A Guide for the Perplexed, Yong Huang The Daoist Tradition An Introduction LOUIS KOMJATHY Bloomsbury Academic An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 50 Bedford Square 175 Fifth Avenue London New York WC1B 3DP NY 10010 UK USA www.bloomsbury.com First published 2013 © Louis Komjathy, 2013 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Louis Komjathy has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as Author of this work. No responsibility for loss caused to any individual or organization acting on or refraining from action as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by Bloomsbury Academic or the author. Permissions Cover: Kate Townsend Ch. 10: Chart 10: Livia Kohn Ch. 11: Chart 11: Harold Roth Ch. 13: Fig. 20: Michael Saso Ch. 15: Fig. 22: Wu’s Healing Art Ch. 16: Fig. 25: British Taoist Association British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: 9781472508942 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Komjathy, Louis, 1971- The Daoist tradition : an introduction / Louis Komjathy. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4411-1669-7 (hardback) -- ISBN 978-1-4411-6873-3 (pbk.) -- ISBN 978-1-4411-9645-3 (epub) 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Discrepancies Between Zhang Tianyi and Dickens
    This thesis has been submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a postgraduate degree (e.g. PhD, MPhil, DClinPsychol) at the University of Edinburgh. Please note the following terms and conditions of use: This work is protected by copyright and other intellectual property rights, which are retained by the thesis author, unless otherwise stated. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the author. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the author. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given. Zhang Tianyi’s Selective Acceptance of Charles Dickens Chunxu Ge School of Languages, Literatures and Cultures Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy June 2019 1 Abstract This research is a comparative study on the works of Charles Dickens (1812-1870) and Zhang Tianyi 張天翼 (1906-1985). The former was one of the greatest novelists of the Victorian era; the latter, a Left-wing writer in Republican China. The study analyses five short stories from Zhang’s corpus and compares his works with ten novles of Dickens. The study argues that Dickens is one among other writers that have parallels with Zhang, through the exploration of several aspects of their works. At the beginning of the twentieth century, Dickens’s novels were introduced to China by Lin Shu.
    [Show full text]
  • REIMAGINING DAOIST ALCHEMY, DECOLONIZING TRANSHUMANISM: the FANTASY of IMMORTALITY CULTIVATION in TWENTY‐
    Science Fiction’s Imagined Technologies with Emanuelle Burton, “The Nuts and Bolts of Transformation: Science Fiction’s Imagined Technologies and the Civic Imagination”; Michelle A. Marvin, “Memory Altering Technologies and the Capacity to Forgive: Westworld and Volf in Dialogue”; Nathan Schradle, “In Algorithms We Trust: Magical Thinking, Superintelligent AI, and Quantum Computing”; and Zhange Ni, “Reimagining Daoist Alchemy, Decolonizing Transhumanism: The Fantasy of Immortality Cultivation in Twenty-First Century China” REIMAGINING DAOIST ALCHEMY, DECOLONIZING TRANSHUMANISM: THE FANTASY OF IMMORTALITY CULTIVATION IN TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY CHINA by Zhange Ni Abstract. This article studies a new fantasy subgenre that emerged in contemporary China, xiuzhen xiaoshuo (immortality cultivation fiction), which builds imaginary worlds around the magical practice of Chinese alchemy and fuses it with science and technology. Af- ter the arrival of the modern, Western triad of science, religion, and magic/superstition, alchemical practices of the Daoist tradition were labeled as a “superstition” to be eradicated; however, they persisted and began to flourish within and beyond the realm of fantasy litera- ture in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Immortality cultivation fiction has generated a magical form of transhumanism, which envisions human enhancement through techniques beyond the boundaries of “proper” science and “legitimate” religion. While transhumanism in the Euro-American West is popular among white bourgeoisie males and
    [Show full text]
  • Title Verbal Aspects and Verbal Classifier Structures in Hui Chinese
    Title Verbal aspects and verbal classifier structures in Hui Chinese Author(s) Liu, Boyang Proceedings of the 51st International Conference on Sino- Citation Tibetan Languages and Linguistics (2018) Issue Date 2018-09 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/235293 Right Type Conference Paper Textversion author Kyoto University Verbal Aspects and Verbal Classifier Structures in Hui Chinese LIU Boyang (EHESS-CRLAO) CONTENT • PART I: Research Purpose • PART II: The definition and classification of VCLs in Sinitic languages – 1. An introduction to Hui Chinese – 2. Previous work on VCLs in Mandarin – 3. A provisional definition and classification of VCLs in Sinitic languages – 4. Lexical aspects indicated by the verb phrase [VERB-VCLP] in Sinitic languages – 5. Relationships between grammatical aspects and the verb phrase [VERB-VCLP- OBJECT] • PART III: Grammatical aspects indicated by special auto-verbal classifier (Auto-VCL) structures in Hui Chinese – 6. The perfective aspect – 7. The imperfective aspect • PART IV: Conclusion PART I: RESEARCH PURPOSE Research Purpose: • Verbal classifiers (VCLs) have been much less studied from a typological perspective than the category of nominal classifiers (NCLs), and even less in the non-Mandarin branches of Sinitic languages, such as the Hui dialects; • In this study, I will introduce relationships between lexical aspects, grammatical aspects and verbal classifier phrases (VCLPs) in Hui Chinese, analyzing the similarities and differences with Standard Mandarin. • Verbal classifier structures in the Hui dialects display a transitional feature compared with Xiang, Gan and Wu, taking auto-verbal classifier (Auto-VCL) structures as examples (auto-VCLs derive from verb reduplicants in the verb phrase [VERB- (‘one’)-VERB]): – Auto-VCLs in the verb phrase [VERB-AUTO VCL] can code the perfective or imperfective aspect in different types of complex sentences in Hui Chinese; – More variety of auto-VCL structures is found in Hui Chinese compared with Xiang and Gan dialects.
    [Show full text]
  • Shǐxīng, a Sino-Tibetan Language
    Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area Volume 32.1 — April 2009 , A SINO-TIBETAN LANGUAGE OF SOUTH-WEST CHINA: SHǏXĪNG ∗ A GRAMMATICAL SKETCH WITH TWO APPENDED TEXTS Katia Chirkova Centre de Recherches Linguistiques sur l’Asie Orientale, CNRS Abstract: This article is a brief grammatical sketch of Shǐxīng, accompanied by two analyzed and annotated texts. Shǐxīng is a little studied Sino-Tibetan language of South-West China, currently classified as belonging to the Qiangic subgroup of the Sino-Tibetan language family. Based on newly collected data, this grammatical sketch is deemed as an enlarged and elaborated version of Huáng & Rénzēng’s (1991) outline of Shǐxīng, with an aim to put forward a new description of Shǐxīng in a language that makes it accessible also to a non-Chinese speaking audience. Keywords: Shǐxīng; Qiangic; Mùlǐ 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Location, name, people The Shǐxīng 史兴语 language is spoken by approximately 1,800 people who reside along the banks of the Shuǐluò 水洛 river in Shuǐluò Township of Mùlǐ Tibetan Autonomous County (WT smi li rang skyong rdzong). This county is part of Liángshān Yí Autonomous Prefecture in Sìchuān Province in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). Shuǐluò Township, where the Shǐxīng language is spoken, is situated in the western part of Mùlǐ (WT, variously, smi li, rmi li, mu li or mu le). Mùlǐ is a mountainous and forested region of 13,246.38 m2 at an average altitude of 3,000 meters above sea level. Before the establishment of the PRC in 1949, Mùlǐ was a semi-independent theocratic kingdom, ruled by hereditary lama kings.
    [Show full text]
  • Writing Oneself As a Writer: Intellectual Identity and Moral Agency in Contemporary Chinese Novels Fang-Yu Li Washington University in St
    Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations Arts & Sciences Summer 8-15-2015 Writing Oneself as a Writer: Intellectual Identity and Moral Agency in Contemporary Chinese Novels Fang-yu Li Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds Part of the East Asian Languages and Societies Commons Recommended Citation Li, Fang-yu, "Writing Oneself as a Writer: Intellectual Identity and Moral Agency in Contemporary Chinese Novels" (2015). Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 556. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds/556 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Arts & Sciences at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures Program in Comparative Literature Dissertation Examination Committee: Lingchei Letty Chen, Chair Robert E. Hegel, Co-Chair J. Dillon Brown Rebecca Copeland Zhao Ma Marvin Howard Marcus Writing Oneself as a Writer: Intellectual Identity and Moral Agency in Contemporary Chinese Novels by Fang-yu Li A dissertation presented to the Graduate School of Arts & Sciences of Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2015 St. Louis, Missouri © 2015, Fang-yu Li Table of Contents Acknowledgments.......................................................................................................................... iv ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION ...................................................................................... vi Chapter 1: Writing Oneself as a Writer: Writer-Intellectuals and Narrative Identity....................
    [Show full text]
  • Shanghai Image: Critical Iconography, Minor Literature, and the Un-Making of a Modern Chinese Mythology
    6KDQJKDL,PDJH&ULWLFDO,FRQRJUDSK\0LQRU/LWHUDWXUH DQGWKH8Q0DNLQJRID0RGHUQ&KLQHVH0\WKRORJ\ ;XGRQJ=KDQJ New Literary History, Volume 33, Number 1, Winter 2002, pp. 137-167 (Article) 3XEOLVKHGE\-RKQV+RSNLQV8QLYHUVLW\3UHVV DOI: 10.1353/nlh.2002.0009 For additional information about this article http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/nlh/summary/v033/33.1zhang.html Access provided by New York University (15 Jun 2015 04:31 GMT) Shanghai Image: Critical Iconography, Minor Literature, and the Un-Making of a Modern Chinese Mythology Xudong Zhang* I n “Metropolitan Perceptions and the Emergence of Modern- ism,” Raymond Williams demonstrates how the historical symbiosis Ibetween the modern and the urban can be reconstructed, both historically and conceptually, in five successive steps. It all starts with an historical experience whose novelty has all but escaped us: a “crowd of strangers” on the street which is unknown, indeed, mysterious. Within this crowd emerges the lonely individual, whose paradox of self- realization in isolation culminates in an “extreme and precarious form of consciousness,” namely the monad of subjectivity. The third moment can be found in the imagined objectivity confronting the new-born subjectivity, which Williams calls the “concealment” and “impenetrabil- ity” of the city. This would be the London in Conan Doyle—foggy, dark, intricate, a huge crime scene necessitating an isolated but penetrating rational intelligence that finds its form in the detective novel.1 Williams’s conceptualization of the city/modernity then takes a sharp, dialectic turn, as the alienating concentration of men and women in the city also gives rise to a new unity or “human solidarity.” Cast in this light, the image of the mob turns into that of the “masses” and the “multitude” with democratic and revolutionary potentials.
    [Show full text]
  • Women and Men, Love and Power: Parameters of Chinese Fiction and Drama
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 193 November, 2009 Women and Men, Love and Power: Parameters of Chinese Fiction and Drama edited and with a foreword by Victor H. Mair Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series edited by Victor H. Mair. The purpose of the series is to make available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including Romanized Modern Standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino-Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. The only style-sheet we honor is that of consistency. Where possible, we prefer the usages of the Journal of Asian Studies. Sinographs (hanzi, also called tetragraphs [fangkuaizi]) and other unusual symbols should be kept to an absolute minimum.
    [Show full text]
  • THE DAOIST BODY in the LITURGY of SALVATION THROUGH REFINEMENT by BINGXIA BIAN B.L., South-Central University for Nationalities, 2016
    THE DAOIST BODY IN THE LITURGY OF SALVATION THROUGH REFINEMENT by BINGXIA BIAN B.L., South-Central University for Nationalities, 2016 A thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Colorado in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Arts Department of Religious Studies 2019 ii This thesis entitled: The Daoist Body in the Liturgy of Salvation through Refinement written by Bingxia Bian has been approved for the Department of Religious Studies Terry F. Kleeman Loriliai Biernacki Holly Gayley Date The final copy of this thesis has been examined by the signatories, and we find that both the content and the form meet acceptable presentation standards of scholarly work in the above mentioned discipline. iii Bian, Bingxia (M.A., Department of Religious Studies) The Daoist Body in the Liturgy of Salvation through Refinement Thesis directed by Professor Terry F. Kleeman Abstract This thesis will address the concept of the body and souls in the context of a Daoist ritual, the Liturgy of Salvation through Refinement (liandu yi 鍊度儀) based on the "Great Refinement of Numinous Treasures" (Lingbao dalian 靈寶⼤鍊) in the Great Rites of Shangqing Lingbao (Shangqing Lingbao dafa 上清灵宝⼤法) written by Wang Qizhen 王契真 (fl. ca 1250). The first chapter is a brief review of traditional Chinese ideas toward the body and souls. People believed that the deceased live in the other world having the same need as they alive. Gradually, they started to sought methods to extend their life in this world and to keep their souls alive in the other world.
    [Show full text]
  • DBW-24 Golfing in Guiyang
    DBW-24 EAST ASIA Daniel Wright is an Institute Fellow studying ICWA the people and societies of inland China. LETTERS Golfing in Guiyang —Playing with Guizhou’s Affluent— Since 1925 the Institute of Xiuyang County, GUIZHOU, China September, 1999 Current World Affairs (the Crane- Rogers Foundation) has provided long-term fellowships to enable Mr. Peter Bird Martin outstanding young professionals Executive Director to live outside the United States Institute of Current World Affairs and write about international 4 West Wheelock St. areas and issues. An exempt Hanover, New Hampshire 03755 USA operating foundation endowed by Dear Peter, the late Charles R. Crane, the Institute is also supported by My partners and I strode down the fairway toward the 18th green as if it was contributions from like-minded Sunday afternoon at the Masters Golf Tournament in Augusta. individuals and foundations. It was one of those “it just doesn’t get any better than this” kind of mo- TRUSTEES ments. The manicured lawn’s refreshing scent filled my nostrils. The course, Bryn Barnard thoughtfully designed along the contours of the mountain terrain, delighted Carole Beaulieu the eye. The weather was overcast and cool — great for golf in August. I had Mary Lynne Bird played better than expected and had enjoyed the partnership of some of William F, Foote Guizhou’s most wealthy businesspeople. A restful clubhouse welcomed us in Peter Geithner the distance. Pramila Jayapal Peter Bird Martin “Hand me the seven-iron,” I asked the caddie. Judith Mayer Dorothy S. Patterson “Sir, you’re still one hundred and sixty yards out and the green is set up a Paul A.
    [Show full text]