Ketchikan Marine Industry Council, September 2012

www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 1 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

This report documents the businesses and digit NAICS categories. A total of 116 of business types which comprise Ketchikan, these categories, or 66%, have significant Alaska’s marine industry sector. STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) components. The marine industry 212 maritime industry businesses are currently sector is capable of supporting and sustaining active within Ketchikan, dispersed across 9 high-quality Alaskan jobs paying at or above key subsectors: the regional median household income level.

# of Conclusions Individual Ketchikan’s physical proximity to the Puget Marine Industry Subsector Businesses Sound region (690 miles); 212 existing marine Marine Transportation & industry businesses; ice-free, deep water ports Logistics 17 and harbors; and growing shipyard (the largest Shipbuilding & Repair in the State of Alaska) make the community an (Includes Boatbuilding) 6 ideal support/supply/resupply hub, capable of play a primary role in supporting emerging Marine Vendor Base 44 opportunities in Alaska, including offshore oil Marine Civil Construction 7 and gas exploration and development; mining Ports, Harbors, & Supporting and ore processing; Arctic development; Infrastructure 13 increased use of the North Pacific Great Professional Services 41 Circle, Arctic Circle, and Northwest Passage trade routes for transshipment and trade; and Allied Industries 50 more. Visitor Industry (Marine) 31 Government 3 Almost all businesses in Alaska rely upon the marine industry sector for movement of goods These diverse businesses compete and and supplies. A strong marine industry sector collaborate to support a wide range of marine helps sustain a more efficient and competitive and marine-reliant economic activity occurring Alaskan economy. within the State of Alaska, and the Pacific Northwest. Next Steps: Need for New Primary Data – Leverage Ketchikan’s marine industry sector displays private sector knowledge, skills, and the characteristics of a highly competitive experience to develop new primary data industry “cluster,” and has significant room for assessing the economic value of the marine growth in response to emerging opportunities industry sector. Areas of interest include: # of such as offshore oil and gas, mining, and employees; payroll; # of receipts, details of growth of Ketchikan’s shipyard – the largest in good/service types provided; supply/value the State. chain flow; etc.

KMIC researchers have determined that the Scale Up – Apply KMIC methodology on the marine industry sector is comprised of 175 regional and State levels to assess marine separate 6-digit North American Industry industry sector composition and impact. Classification System (NAICS) categories, dispersed across 17 2-digit parent categories. Scale Down – apply KMIC methodology to other rural communities in Southeast Alaska to The marine industry sector has a significant assess marine industry sector composition and manufacturing component, comprised of 44 6- impact. www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 2 Copyright KMIC 2012 Sponsored By: The Ketchikan Marine Industry Council

KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Ketchikan Marine Industry Council: Report on Businesses Comprising Ketchikan’s Marine Industry Sector

Ketchikan Marine Industry Council The Ketchikan Marine Industry Council (KMIC) is an industry-led initiative established in 2012 to support growth and expansion of Ketchikan’s diverse marine economy. KMIC is a “self-identified marine industry sector” which is organized, led, and funded by private sector employers within the Ketchikan-region marine industry. Supplemental funding support is provided by local government. KMIC utilizes an industry-led, industry-funded approach to economic development and workforce development, drawing upon the experience, talent, and resources of private sector’s executive leadership to respond effectively to private sector trends and demand.i

Figure 1: KMIC Industry-Led Approach to Analysis of Industry Sectors

•Initial private industry funding (seed money)

Funding •Leveraging of government, philanthropic match

• Industry investment = industry-led, industry-engaged • Application of private sector expertise, experience, and talent

Methodology • Private sector stakeholders help researchers ensure accurate and useful results

• Support and follow-through by private sector stakeholders • Most accurate reflection of current and future economic climate • Results in private sector ACTION supporting increased job Results creation, job quality, competitiveness, and prosperity

www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 1 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Figure 2: Location of Ketchikan (in Red)

Ketchikan is known to many as Alaska’s “First City,” because it is the first US city mariners encounter when re-entering US waters from Canada’s section of the fabled Inside Passage.

Ketchikan’s location, 690 miles north of Seattle, and 90 miles north of British Columbia’s rapidly growing Port of Prince Rupert, offers businesses many competitive and cost-saving advantages. No other Alaskan community provides a closer, more dependable link to the Puget Sound’s supply chain. Ketchikan is located on the North Pacific Great Circle Trade Route – the shortest shipping route between ports in western North America, and ports in East Asia. The first leg of this trade route also serves as a natural “bridge” between Ketchikan, and new oil and gas development opportunities offshore Alaska’s coast line -- the nation’s only arctic coastline. The Great Circle route also links North America’s west coast with the Arctic Circle trade route, extending west past Russia, and the Northwest Passage to the east – routes experiencing rapidly increase use for energy and resource development, shipping, ocean and climate research, and tourism.

www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 2 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Figure 3:

Ketchikan serves as a regional transportation and industrial hub community for the Southeast Alaska, providing a major hospital, growing shipyard, University of Alaska campus, and the Southern Southeast Alaska Technical Education Center (SSEATEC). Ketchikan’s proximity to the mature Puget Sound marine industry supply chain has allowed for development of a flourishing maritime industry sector with substantial room for continued growth. Ketchikan offers ice-free, naturally protected deep water ports and harbors located on a road system; a rarity in Alaska. Together, these qualities combine with comparably low tax rates to make Ketchikan an appealing location to do business.

Ketchikan’s Ward Cove is zoned for heavy industrial use, and serves as a homeport for the Alaska Marine Highway System, Boyer Towing, Power Systems and Supplies of Alaska, and other marine and industrial businesses. The Marine Highway System is developing a new terminal and winter facility for use by its ferries, and NOAA vessels conducting oceanographic research in Alaskan waters.

Ketchikan’s Shipyard is the largest shipbuilding and repair facility in Alaska, and is operated by Alaska Ship & Drydock, under ownership of Vigor Industrial -- the leading provider of shipbuilding, ship repair and other industrial services in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska. The Ketchikan yard is owned by the Alaska Industrial and Export Authority, which has invested nearly $100 million in the facility to create one of North America’s most productive and innovative shipyards.

The City of Ketchikan’s Ports and Harbors department offers annual and transient moorage for vessels of all sizes. The City owns four cruise ship berths, which are used to accommodate cruise ships during the summer months, and are available for winter use by www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 3 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012 other marine vessels seeking ice-free, protected moorage in a community with a well- developed marine industrial base.

Very importantly, Ketchikan has room for growth, with significant roaded waterfront property available for commercial and industrial development. The City of Saxman, located 2.5 miles south of Ketchikan, is planning a new public harbor and is renovating the Saxman Seaport. Ketchikan’s Gravina Island has vacant, developed industrial waterfront property featuring natural, protected, ice-free harbors.

The State of Alaska has over 33,000 miles of coastline. Nearly all commercial and industrial activity within the state is marine-reliant. Key State and National strategic priorities, including offshore energy development, arctic preparedness, light and heavy rare earth supplies, and national defense depend upon an effective marine industry sector. In spite of these conditions, Alaska’s marine industry remains poorly defined and understood.

KMIC responded to the need to define the spectrum of marine industry sector activity in Alaska by conducting a study analyzing the businesses comprising Ketchikan’s marine industry sector. It is KMIC’s intention that efforts can be replicated as a scalable methodology, which can be “scaled-up” for use in regional or state level analysis, or “scaled-down” for use in planning efforts in smaller rural communities.

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Total Number of Maritime Industry Businesses: 212

Table 1: Marine Transportation and Logistics (17) Ferries

Alaska Marine Highway

Inter-Island Ferry Authority

Ketchikan Gateway Borough Airport Ferries

Rainforest Islands Ferry Towing Companies

Alaska Marine Lines

Boyer Towing Inc Cowan Towing & Salvage Island Hauler, LLC

Northland Services, Inc.

Olson Marine

Olympic Tug & Barge, Inc.

Revilla Tug Company

Southeast Stevedoring Marine Pilots and Navigation Southeast Alaska Pilots Association Logistics A.N.P. Shipping North Pacific Maritime & Yacht Services (NORPAC) Marine Services Supply / Resupply

Power Systems & Supplies Of Alaska

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Table 2: Shipbuilding and Repair (Includes Boatbuilding) (6)

Air Marine Harbor

Alaska Ship And Drydock, Inc

Homestead Skiffs, LLC

Skips Marine Repair Stouts Boat Building & Repair Wolf Creek Boatworks

Table 3: Marine Vendor Base (44) Marine Provisioning Madison Lumber & Hardware, Inc

Murray Pacific Supply Of Alaska

Timber & Marine Supply

Tongass Trading Co. Electrical Contractors More Research Needed

Bobwires Incorporated

Channel Electric

Chatham Electric First City Electric, Inc.

Island Electric Mechanical Contractors / Metalworking More Research Needed Johnson Fabrication Rtm Welding & Repair

Schmolck Mechanical Contractors, Inc

Westwind Fabrication And Design Diesel Engines Steves Gas And Diesel Repair

Alaska Diesel Power, Inc

Southeast Diesel Heavy Equipment More Research Needed

Tyler Rental Inc

Diesel Doc Inc Hal's Equipment And Supply A Div. Of www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 6 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Ketchikan Ready Mix & Qry Inc POW Construction Rentals Thorne Bay Equipment, LLC

Triple F Leasing LLC Fuel More Research Needed

Amerigas Propane Lp

Anderes Oil, Inc

Annette Island Gas Service

Arrowhead Lp Gas Elfin Cove Fuel Fuel Solutions LLC

Petro Marine Services Divers

Alaska Commercial Divers, Inc Alaska Diving Co.

Diversified Diving Services Misc Vendor Base Amphib Alaska / Hewitt Enterprises

Mariner Sails

Seaborne Marine Services Propulsion

Alaska Outboard Inc Lighthouse Marine, Inc Marine Safety and Environmental Alaska Steamship Response Southeast Alaska Petroleum Resource

Org. Tecs-Ak Technical Environmental Consulting Services-Alaska Propeller Repair

Union Machine Shop

Exhaust Blankets

Adam's Marine Services Hydraulics PC Hydraulics www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 7 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Communications Tech Advanced Communications, Inc.

Table 4: Marine Civil Construction (7)

Construction Management Services

Fabry Construction

Marble Construction

Miles D. Enright Company, Inc.

Pool Engineering Smart Construction Co Inc

Western Dock And Bridge

Table 5: Professional Services (41) Engineering More Research Needed Architectural Cad Design Barry Drafting Services

Bowers Engineering Services Herringbay PE Mastin Engineering LLC

Menzies Engineering Group

Monrean Engineering And Assoc

Pool Engineering Port Engineer Marine Services LLC

R & M Engineering Ketchikan, Inc

Southeast Engineering Co Surveying Services

Systems Engineering Tongass Engineering LLC Insurance More Research Needed

Alaska Timber Insurance Exchange

Allstate Insurance

New York Life

State Farm Insurance Marine Surveyor C&O Marine www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 8 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Law More Research Needed A Fred Miller Attorneys At Law A Professional Corporation Bengaard Services Blake M. Chupka, A Professional Corporation

Boyette & Chupka, Attorneys At Law Bryan T. Schulz, Attorney At Law Burton And Associates

Ellis Law Offices, Inc

Keene & Currall, A Professional Corp

Law Office Of Dennis L. McCarty Law Office Of Stephen Bradford, LLC Law Offices--C. Keith Stump

Michael P. Heiser, Attorney At Law North Tongass Law, LLC Thomas E Schulz, Attorney At Law

Ziegler Law Firm Finance More Research Needed

Alaska Pacific Bank Alaska USA Federal Credit Union

Credit Union1

First Bank

Key Bank Of Alaska

Tongass Federal Credit Union Wells Fargo Bank Alaska

Table 6: Ports, Harbors & Supporting Infrastructure (13) Electricity Utilities

Alaska Power & Telephone Company Ports and Harbors

Air Marine Habor

Boyer Towing Inc

Cape Fox Corporation

City Of Ketchikan Ports & Harbors

City Of Saxman (Saxman Seaport) www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 9 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Doyon's Landing

Knudson Cove Marina, Llc Power Systems & Supplies Of Alaska -

Ward Cove

Seley Corporation Smart Construction Co Inc

Southeast Stevedoring Survey Point Holdings, LLC

Table 7: Allied Industries (50) Mariculture Southern Southeast Regional Aquaculture

Assoc Alaskan Shellfish Farms Harmony Seafoods Marble Seafoods

Oceans Alaska Marine Science Center Sea Farm Alaska Ocean Science / Observation

Oceans Alaska Marine Science Center Professional Organizations

Ketchikan Chamber Of Commerce

Ketchikan Marine Industry Council Mining

Heatherdale Resources

Quaterra Resources

Ucore

Table 8: Visitor Industry (31) Waterborne Tourism

Alaska Amphibious Tours, LLC

Alaska Cruises, Inc Alaska Discount Tours

Alaska Undersea Tours

Allen Marine Tours, Inc.

American Safari Cruises Cap'n D Guide Service Explore Alaska Charters, LLC www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 10 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Lindblad Expeditions Rainy Day Charters

SE Sea Kayaks Seaside Tours Spirit Of Alaska Tours

Venture Travel LLC Charter Fishing

Strike Zone Sportfishing

Alaska Cruise Association

Alaskan Fishing Adventures Angler's Adventures & Outfitters

Aurora Sportfishing

Campbell's Fishing Charters Cruise Industry Associations Cruise Line Agencies Of Alaska Southeast,

Inc

Dalin Charters & Guiding Inc.

Frontier Fishing Charters, Llc

Ketchikan Bigfish Charters

Ketchikan Charter Boats, Inc

Ketchikan Salmon Fishing Charters North Pacific Charters Plane To Sea Sportfishing SK Charters

Worman Sportfishing Additional Services / Amenities

Best Western Landing

Boyer Towing Inc. The Cove Hotel Fisheries Alaska Central Express

Alaska General Seafoods

Alaska Specialty Seafoods Castle Fisheries Chasina Bay Enterprises

Corsair Seafoods

E.C. Phillips & Son F/V Rebel, LLC Lance Pihlman Fisheries Lynda Fisheries www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 11 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Merkel Fisheries Peters Fisheries LLC

Trident Seafoods Viking Maid Fisheries, Inc. Fisheries Associations Southeast Alaska Regional Dive Fisheries

Association Marine Aviation

Alaska Airlines

Alaska Seaplane Tours

Carlin Air Doyon Air Transport, LLC Family Air Tours, LLC Gateway Aviation, Inc

Island Wings Air Service

Ketchikan International Airport Misty Fjords Air And Outfitting LLC Pac Alaska LLC

Pacific Airways Inc

Pirate Airworks Inc

Pm Air Llc Dba Promech S&S Aircraft Leasing, Inc Sea Level Air Maintenance

Seawind Aviation Single Otter Leasing, LLC Southeast Aviation, LLC

Taquan Air Training / Education Ketchikan Indian Community / SSEATEC

University Of Alaska Southeast - Ketchikan

Table 9: Government (3) AIDEA Coast Guard NOAA

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Maritime Industry Sector Research KMIC staff conducted a review of business, academic, government, and trade association resources (ex: port directories, maritime technology magazines, professional associations) and consulted with private sector leadership to assess the range of industries comprising the marine industry sector. KMIC identified and inventoried marine industry sectors and businesses associations located around the world, as well as within each of the US’s coastal states, and reviewed the industry types comprising each sector. An initial list of nine broad industry subcategories was produced:

 Marine Transportation and Logistics  Shipbuilding and Repair (Includes Boatbuilding)  Marine Vendor Base  Marine Civil Construction  Professional Services  Ports, Harbors, and Supporting Infrastructure  Allied Industries  Visitor Industry (marine only)  Government.

Business Identification Research Method

Ketchikan Marine Industry Council staff followed the process outlined below to produce a list of individual businesses which comprise Ketchikan’s diverse maritime industry sector:

- KMIC staff downloaded Alaska Department of Commerce CSV datasets for business licenses issued to private sector employers with Ketchikan addresses, and screened them for businesses corresponding to Ketchikan’s maritime industry sector and allied industries.

- Staff searched the Greater Ketchikan Chamber of Commerce membership database, which contains information on past and current members, for additional marine businesses which do not have business licenses registered to Ketchikan addresses.

- The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA) requires all businesses transporting petroleum products as cargo to collectively maintain oil spill mitigation equipment and resources via regional Oil Spill Response Organizations (OSROs). SEAPRO, the Southeast Alaska Petroleum Resource Organization, is the federally-mandated OSRO for southeast Alaska. KMIC staff reviewed SEAPRO’s membership database and identified additional marine businesses which are active in Ketchikan, yet were not identified in other datasets.

- KMIC staff conducted a keyword search of Google’s business directory / yellow pages dataset for Ketchikan. www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 13 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

- KMIC staff included additional businesses which self-identified with the Ketchikan Marine Industry Council sector by joining KMIC as funding sponsors.

- KMIC conducted interviews with marine industry leadership, and utilized industry experience and discretion to refine development of a Ketchikan-region marine business directory. Industry leadership added additional marine industry businesses which were not apparent during other steps of the process, and removed businesses and business types which they saw as irrelevant to the marine industry sector.

Results: 212 Marine Industry Sector Businesses in Ketchikan KMIC staff identified 212 maritime industry sector businesses which are currently active in Ketchikan.

Inclusion of Inherent and Self-Identified Marine Industry Businesses

Inherent Marine Industry Businesses – Businesses and industry subsectors providing goods and services which are primarily connected with, conducted near, pertaining to, or existing near the sea and its non-living marine resources are defined as “inherently” marine in nature, and are included within the Ketchikan Marine Industry Council business map. Examples would include Boyer Towing, a marine towing (tug and barge) company, and Alaska Ship & Drydock, a business within the Shipbuilding and Repair sector.

Self-Identified Marine Industry Businesses – Businesses and industry subsectors providing goods and services which are not primarily and/or inherently marine by nature were included when business owners self-identified as being associated with the marine industry. Businesses’ decisions to self-identify with the marine industry sector may be reflective of any number of conditions, including:

 Marine vessels, crews, and businesses comprise an important – though not dominant – segment of the business’ current customer base.  Business hopes to capture increased spending associated with marine activities  Business has underutilized or unrecognized potential to contribute to the marine industry sector.  Business provides a highly specialized marine good or service, in addition to other goods or services, which is vital to the marine industry sector.

Examples of self-identified marine industry businesses include:

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 The Best Western Landing Hotel, which is located in close proximity to the Alaska Marine Highway System and Inter Island Ferry Authority terminals, receives many ferry passengers as restaurant and hotel customers.

 Alaska Power & Telephone, which has interest in meeting increased demand for electricity which would result from growth of the Ketchikan marine industry. (Ex: three-phase power at new docks, direct power sales agreements with large marine industrial customers, selling electricity to transient cruise ships at Ketchikan cruise ship berths.)

 Cape Fox Corporation, which owns waterfront commercial and industrial property suitable for development and redevelopment.

Display of Data Business names, types, and contact info were prepared and presented in a range of formats, to help facilitate a broad array of users types, from casual browsers, to researchers interested in considering and manipulating maps and datasets in greater detail.

 Written .pdf report format with hyperlinks to Google business profiles providing contact info and website addresses.

 Google Earth geospatial format, with Google hyperlinks. Interactive Google Earth maps can be directly embedded in websites, downloaded for use in an offline user install of Google Earth (which is free), or used to create narrated “tours.”

 Xmind “think map” format with hyperlinks to Google profiles. The “think map” format allows users to visualize and explore complex relationships between businesses and industry subsectors, and develop customized maps and layouts of marine industry businesses. “Think maps” can be embedded directly in websites, or downloaded use in an offline user install of Xmind (which is free).

 Excel database format with hyperlinks to Google profiles.

KMIC desired to establish tools, maps, and datasets which can be updated directly by private sector businesses on a continual basis. Allowing businesses to continually access and modify business information as needed will help ensure accurate, current information, while reducing the expense of hiring a contracted web designer or technical consultant to perform intermediary website update and management tasks.

There are two key challenges associated with this “direct update” approach:

 The process for content updates must be easy to use, and place as few technical demands upon users as possible www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 15 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

 Because data is displayed in a variety of formats, updates must occur unilaterally through all formats/tools.

KMIC selected Google’s business directory system as an interlocutor system. All data display formats (written report, thinkmap, geospatial datasets) were developed to link directly to Google profiles for businesses, which contain street address, telephone number, website info, and 2D maps to the business’s street address. If a business wishes to modify their info, or add additional information or photos, a single update to their Google profile results in a unilateral update to all KMIC tools: Google Earth layers, Xmind “thinkmaps,” and written reports. Google provides seamless integration between Google Earth, Google Maps, as well as Google’s search engine system, and is prioritized amongst search engine returns. Businesses desiring to expand content to develop and leverage additional social networking capabilities have the option of using more advanced features located within “Google+ for Business.”

Figure 4: Array of Tools to Accommodate a Variety of User Types

User Type Casual Moderate Detailed

•Lowest •Some technical •Highest technical demands upon technical demands upon user demands upon user •Written Report user Tool Type •Guided and Excel •Google Earth Youtube Database Layer Flyover Tours •Embedded Download •Embedded Google Earth •Xmind Thinkmap Map Thinkmap Download

Observations on Marine Industry Sector Businesses

 Quality Data Not Readily Available for the Marine Industry Sector -- At present, there is no “one stop shop” or comprehensive datasets which researchers can use to study and understand the broad marine industry sector on the local, regional, or State levels. It is necessary to consult and process information contained from a variety of sources to develop information of this type; however,

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this is made challenging by the fact that standardized industry classification systems (ex: NAICS) are organized in such a manner that the components of the diverse marine industry sector are dispersed across a range of categories.ii

Figure 5: Developing an Understanding of the Marine Industry Sector

Chamber of State and Commerce Federal and Datasets Professional Associations Industry Discretion and Self- Reporting

Understanding of Marine Industry Sector

 Need for New Primary Data – To understand the economic impacts of the marine industry sector, it is necessary to work directly with private sector businesses and develop new primary data. Topics of interest would include: # of employees; payroll; # of receipts, details of good/service types provided; supply/value chain flow; etc. This data should be organized in a manner which reflects the composition of the marine industry sector. New primary data could be developed through interviews or surveys with marine industry sector business leadership, but should remain confidential, to protect the interests of private sector businesses. The report titled: “United States Gulf of Mexico Oil and Natural Gas Industry Economic Impact Analysis,” prepared in June of 2011 by Quest Offshore for the American Petroleum Institute (API) and the National Ocean Industries Association (NOIA), utilizes proprietary primary data developed through direct contact with the offshore oil and gas industry’s supply chain to map out benefits which cross-cut a broad variety of NAICS sectors.iii A similar approach could help provide a more accurate assessment of the total economic value of Ketchikan’s marine industry sector.

 Partial Penetration into other Sectors Results in Underreporting -- Some industry sectors, such as construction and wholesaling, are only partially www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 17 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

comprised of businesses which are “marine” by nature, which can make it difficult or even impossible to separate “marine” and “non-marine” activity or data (ex: employment, wages) for analysis. In many cases, this leads to underreporting of the marine industry sector’s economic impacts.

Figure 6: Marine Industry Activity Included in Dataset Aggregates

Marine Civil Construction Construction Industry Datasets: contain data for both marine and non-marine activity, resulting in overreporting or underreporting of marine Non-Marine industry impact. Construction (ex: Residential Construction)

 Research/Reporting Offers Fleeting Images of the Sector – Because Ketchikan’s “economic ecosystem” is in a state of constant flux, the set of businesses comprising the community’s marine industry sector will be subject to continual forces of change.

 Industry Discretion and Experience is Key -- Some amount of discretion is required in determining which businesses are or are not “marine” in nature. Businesses comprising the marine sector should be identified and/or reviewed by individuals with experience and detailed knowledge of the industry’s composition. Marine industry leadership is best suited to differentiate between businesses which do and do not play a role within the marine sector, and identifying additional businesses for inclusion

Figure 7: Application of Private Sector Discretion and Experience

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State DOL Chamber Marine of Discretion Experience Industry Sector Commerce Composition Census / BLA

Info Collected from Industry Experience and Results Reflecting Private Dispersed Datasets Discretion Applied Sector Dynamics / Demand

 Integrate Marine Self-Analysis With Ongoing Activities -- Rather than hiring consultants to repeat economic research and analyze sector composition on an ongoing basis, it may be more cost-effective to develop standardized “self- reporting” systems, and/or incorporate marine industry sector business identification and data collection with other regional activities. Examples for the Ketchikan region might include incorporating marine industry self-identification activities within “Shop Local” surveys, Ketchikan Chamber of Commerce events, SEAPRO, activities of professional associations, etc.

 Additional Socioeconomic Impacts -- The marine industry sector has economic impacts and benefits which extend to and support marine-reliant economic activities / businesses which were not included within the purview of this report. It can be difficult to quantify the value of the support the marine sector provides to other industry sectors. Marine infrastructure (e.g. harbors) also provides social benefits, such as increased opportunities for recreation and subsistence; benefits of this type are similarly unquantified within this report.

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Figure 8: Additional Socioeconomic Impacts

Natural Resource Development (Timber, Mining)

Marine Recreation Subsistence Industry

Tourism Industry and Satellite Sectors (retail, hospitality)

 Diverse Composition Means Workforce and Supply Chain Overlaps -- The marine industry’s workforce and supply chain needs overlap those of other industries, including mining, construction, and energy. Development of Ketchikan’s marine industry will have cross-cutting benefits for these “allied industries” with overlapping needs, and will help support prosperity within “marine-reliant” industries such as tourism and retail.

 Standardized, Marine-Friendly Systems Necessary to Track Marine Industry Sector Development -- Economist Michael Porter advocates for development and use of consistent methodologies for defining and growing industry sectors (or in Porter’s language, “clusters”), expressing that: “A major constraint to the analysis of clusters has been the lack of a systematic approach to defining the industries that should be included in each cluster and the absence of consistent empirical data on cluster composition...” The NAICS taxonomy is organized in a manner which is poorly suited to providing a cohesive portrait of the marine industry sector. A new standardized system of data categorization / representation is needed to provide a more cohesive portrait of the diversity of the marine industry sector.

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 Further Refinement Needed – Continued, ongoing input and guidance from private sector industry is encouraged, and will lead to a more refined definition of Ketchikan’s marine industry sector.

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Marine Industry Sector Research KMIC staff conducted a review of business, academic, government, and trade association resources (ex: port directories, marine technology magazines, professional associations) and consulted with private sector leadership to assess the range of industries comprising the marine industry sector. KMIC identified and inventoried marine industry sectors and businesses associations located around the world, as well as within each of the US’s coastal states, and reviewed the industry types comprising each sectors. An initial list of nine broad industry subcategories was produced: Transportation and Logistics; Shipbuilding and Repair (Includes Boatbuilding); Marine Vendor Base; Marine Civil Construction; Marine Professional Services; Ports, Harbors, and Supporting Infrastructure; Allied Industries; the Visitor Industry; and Government.

KMIC staff worked with State of Alaska Department of Commerce CSV datasets for business licenses issued to private sector employers within the Ketchikan area. An initial set of approximately 200 marine and marine-related businesses were selected. In the State of Alaska, businesses applying for a business license are asked to self-identify their business type by selecting one or two six digit code categories within the North American Industries Classification System (NAICS). KMIC staff compiled a list of all NAICS codes self-reported by Ketchikan’s marine industry businesses. Errors and unrelated categories were eliminated. The end result was a preliminary list of 134 NAICS code categories representative of Ketchikan’s marine industry cluster. This list was expanded through a keyword search of the US Census Bureau’s NAICS database to include additional 6-digit NAICS categories, as well as parent categories representative of the maritime industry sector.iv 175 total 6-digit code categories were identified within 17 2- digit parent categories.

A total of 116 of these maritime industry NAICS categories, or 66%, have significant STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) components. Jobs within these categories tend to be higher paying, yet require higher levels of knowledge, skills, abilities, and training. Developing STEM skills well-suited to Ketchikan’s growing marine industry sector will help assure that the marine industry sector’s highest paying jobs remain local to the region. The symbol is included in the tables below, to indicate 6-digit NAICS categories which include substantial STEM components.

Observations on Maritime Industry Characteristics

 The marine industry sector overlaps significantly with and supports marine-reliant industry sectors, including mining, oil/gas, and energy development; industry sectors which tend to produce the highest wages, and the largest “multiplier www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 22 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

effects” (indirect/induced benefits). This synergy should be taken into account when describing or quantifying the economic impacts of marine industry sector activity.

 The marine industry sector has a significant manufacturing component, comprised of 44 6-digit NAICS categories.

 Ketchikan’s marine industry sector is consistent with Michael Porter’s characterizations of “broad clusters,” which are strengthened through significant overlap with diverse industry sectors (evidenced in 175 6-digit categories identified within 17 2-digit parent categories), and “traded industries” (such as manufacturing – evidenced in 44 6-digit categories), which register higher wages, innovation, and influence on local wages than historically resource-dependent clusters.v

 Economist Michael Porter advocates for development and use of consistent methodologies for defining and growing industry clusters, expressing that: “A major constraint to the analysis of clusters has been the lack of a systematic approach to defining the industries that should be included in each cluster and the absence of consistent empirical data on cluster composition...”vi The NAICS taxonomy is organized in a manner which is poorly suited to providing a cohesive portrait of the marine industry sector. A new system of categorization / representation is needed to provide a more cohesive, user-friendly portrait of the diversity of the marine industry sector. Identification of the spectrum of NAICS codes comprising the marine industry is a first step towards developing more useful and effective representations of industry composition for unilateral or regional application in analysis.

 In the State of Alaska, businesses self-report NAICS coding as a pro forma component of the business license application process. Businesses which are disinterested in or do not have time to invest in searching and understanding NAICS taxonomy oftentimes self-report incorrectly; this was apparent in a number of instances within the State Department of Commerce’s dataset for Ketchikan-area businesses.

 Government agencies analyze, organize, and process some business data by NAICS code. Incorrect NAICS self-reporting results in inaccurate data compilation and analysis. A greater range of qualitative and quantitative tools (industry surveys, employer interviews, etc.) is necessary to provide more meaningful understandings of business climate, and industry need.

 “Life at sea” requires use the same spectrum of supplies, services, and technology required to support life on land... and then some. Accordingly, the supply chain needs of the marine industry sector reach into virtually all industry sectors. Some of the most significant supply chain needs are reflected in the NAICS code listing below. www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 23 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Table 10: Marine Sector Penetration into NAICS Industry Categories -- 2-Digit Code

11 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting 21 Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction 22 Utilities 23 Construction 31 Manufacturing 42 Wholesale Trade 44 Retail Trade 48 Transportation and Warehousing 51 Information 52 Finance and Insurance 53 Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 54 Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services 56 Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation Services 61 Educational Services 71 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 81 Other Services (except Public Administration) 92 Public Administration

www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 24 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Table 11: NAICS Code List for the Maritime Industry Sector

Marine Transportation 48 -- TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING and Logistics 3 2-digit 484230 -- BOAT HAULING, TRUCK, LONG-DISTANCE 9 6-digit 484230 – SPECIALIZED FREIGHT TRUCKING, LONG DISTANCE 488320 – MARINE CARGO HANDLING SERVICES 488330 - NAVIGATIONAL SERVICES TO SHIPPING (INCLUDES CARGO SALVAGING, MARINE; DOCKING AND UNDOCKING MARINE VESSEL SERVICES; MARINE SALVAGING SERVICES; MARINE VESSEL TRAFFIC REPORTING SERVICES) 488390 - OTHER SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR WATER TRANSPORTATION (INCLUDES CARGO SURVEYORS, CHECKERS, MARINE) 488510 - FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION ARRANGEMENT (INCLUDES MARINE SHIPPING AGENCY) 488999 - ALL OTHER SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR TRANSPORTATION 53 -- REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL AND LEASING 532292 -- BOAT RENTAL, PLEASURE 54 -- PROFESSIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND TECHNICAL SERVICES 541614 – PROCESS, PHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION AND LOGISTICS SERVICES SHIPBUILDING AND REPAIR 23 -- CONSTRUCTION (INCLUDES BOATBUILDING) 2 2-digit 238320 -- SHIP PAINTING CONTRACTORS 10 6-digit 238350 -- SHIP JOINERY CONTRACTORS 325 -- CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING 325510 -- MARINE PAINTS MANUFACTURING 332 -- FABRICATED METAL PRODUCT MANUFACTURING 332312 -- BOAT SECTIONS, PREFABRICATED METAL, MANUFACTURING 332312 -- SHIP SECTIONS, PREFABRICATED METAL, MANUFACTURING 333 -- MACHINERY MANUFACTURING 333612 -- SPEED CHANGER, INDUSTRIAL HIGH-SPEED DRIVE, AND GEAR

MANUFACTURING 333618 -- MARINE ENGINES MANUFACTURING 336 -- TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING 336611 -- SHIP BUILDING AND REPAIRING (INCLUDES ALL VESSEL TYPES) 336612 – BOAT BUILDING [INCLUDES ALL TYPES] 54 -- PROFESSIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND TECHNICAL SERVICES 541330 – BOAT ENGINEERING DESIGN SERVICES (INCLUDES MARINE

ENGINEERING SERVICES) MARINE VENDOR 23 -- CONSTRUCTION www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 25 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

BASE 238210 -- ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS AND OTHER WIRING INSTALLATION 7 2-digit CONTRACTORS 238220 -- PLUMBING, HEATING, AND AIR-CONDITIONING CONTRACTORS / 72 6-digit COMMERCIAL REFRIGERATION 31 -- MANUFACTURING 314912 -- SAILS MADE FROM PURCHASED FABRICS 325 -- CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING 325191 -- NAVAL STORES, GUM OR WOOD, MANUFACTURING 331 -- PRIMARY METAL MANUFACTURING 331111 – IRON AND STEEL MILLS 331210 – IRON AND STEEL PIPE AND TUBE MANUFACTURING FROM PURCHASED

STEEL 331221-- ROLLED STEEL SHAPE MANUFACTURING 331311 – ALUMINA REFINING 331314 – SECONDARY SMELTING AND ALLOYING OF ALUMINUM 331315 – ALUMINUM SHEET, PLATE, AND FOIL MANUFACTURING 331319 -- SHIPBOARD CABLE MADE IN ALUMINUM WIRE DRAWING PLANTS 331422 -- SHIPBOARD CABLE MADE FROM PURCHASED COPPER IN WIRE

DRAWING PLANTS 331512 – STEEL INVESTMENT FOUNDRIES 331521 – ALUMINUM DIE-CASTING FOUNDARIES 331525 -- SHIP AND BOAT PROPELLERS, CAST BRASS, BRONZE AND COPPER

(EXCEPT DIE-CASTING), UNFINISHED, MANUFACTURING 332 -- FABRICATED METAL PRODUCT MANUFACTURING 332312 – FABRICATED STRUCTURAL METAL MANUFACTURING 332313 – PLATE WORK MANUFACTURING 332322 – SHEET METAL WORK MANUFACTURING 332410 -- MARINE POWER BOILERS MANUFACTURING 332420 – METAL TANK (HEAVY GAUGE) MANUFACTURING 332510 -- MARINE HARDWEAR, METAL, MANUFACTURING 332710 – MACHINE SHOPS 332995 -- NAVAL ARTILLERY MANUFACTURING 332999 – ALL OTHER MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED METAL PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (INCLUDES MARINE HORNS, COMPRESSED AIR OR STEAM, METAL, MANUFACTURING) 332999 -- PROPELLERS, SHIP AND BOAT, MADE FROM PURCHASED METAL [ALSO

INCLUDES MARINE HORNS] 332999 -- PROPELLERS, SHIP AND BOAT, MADE FROM PURCHASED METAL 333 -- MACHINERY MANUFACTURING 333298 – ALL OTHER INDUSTRIAL MACHINE MANUFACTURING www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 26 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

333992 – WELDING AND SOLDERING EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING 334 -- COMPUTER AND ELECTRONIC PRODUCT MANUFACTURING 334220 – MARINE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT 334290 -- SIRENS (E.G., AIR RAID, INDUSTRIAL, MARINE, VEHICLE)

MANUFACTURING 334511 – NAUTICAL SYSTEMS AND INSTRUMENTS MANUFACTURING 334513 -- BOILER CONTROLS, INDUSTRIAL, POWER, AND MARINE-TYPE,

MANUFACTURING 335 -- ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, APPLIANCE, AND COMPONENT

MANUFACTURING 335314 -- MARINE AND NAVY AUXILIARY CONTROLS, MANUFACTURING 335911 -- MARINE STORAGE BATTERIES MANUFACTURING 336 -- TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING 336214 -- BOAT TRANSPORTER TRAILERS, SINGLE-UNIT, MANUFACTURING 336321 -- BOAT AND SHIP LIGHTING FIXTURES MANUFACTURING 336999 – MANUFACTURING 337 -- FURNITURE AND RELATED PRODUCT MANUFACTURING 337127 -- SHIP FURNITURE MANUFACTURING 339 -- MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING 339920 -- SAILBOARDS MANUFACTURING 42 -- WHOLESALE TRADE 423510 – METAL SERVICE CENTERS AND OTHER METAL MERCHANT

WHOLESALERS 423610 – ELECTRICAL APPARATUS AND EQUIPMENT, WIRING SUPPLIES, RELATED

EQUIPMENT MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 423620 – ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC APPLIANCE, TELEVISION, AND RADIO SET

MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 423690 – COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT MERCHANT WHOLESALER 423710 – HARDWARE MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 423720 – PLUMBING AND HEATING EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES (HYDRONICS)

MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 423740 – REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 423810 - CONSTRUCTION AND MINING (EXCEPT OIL WELL) MACHINERY AND

EQUIPMENT MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 423830 – INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT MERCHANT WHOLESALER 423840 – INDUSTRIAL SUPPLIES MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 423860 -- MARINE SUPPLIES (EXCEPT PLEASURE) MERCHANT WHOLESALERS

[INCLUDES SHIPS, BOATS, ENGINES, AND OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT] 423910 -- MARINE SUPPLIES, PLEASURE, MERCHANT WHOLESALERS [INCLUDES

SHIPS, BOATS, ENGINES, AND OTHER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT] 424710 – PETROLEUM BULK STATIONS AND TERMINALS 424720 – PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS MERCHANT WHOLESALERS www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 27 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

424720 -- PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS MERCHANT WHOLESALERS

(EXCEPT BULK STATIONS AND TERMINALS) 424990 -- SHIP CHANDLER MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 44 -- RETAIL TRADE 441221 – MOTORCYCLE, TV, AND PERSONAL WATERCRAFT DEALERS 441222 – BOAT DEALERS (INCLUDES MARINE SUPPLY DEALERS) 444130 – HARDWARE STORES 444190 -- OTHER BUILDING MATERIAL DEALERS 444190 – OTHER BUILDING MATERIAL DEALERS 444210 – OUTDOOR POWER EQUIPMENT SALES 447190 – OTHER GASOLINE STATIONS (INCLUDES MARINE SERVICE STATIONS) 451 SPORTING GOODS, HOBBY, BOOK, AND MUSIC STORES 451110 - SPORTING GOODS STORES 454 -- NONSTORE RETAILERS 454319 – OTHER FUEL DEALERS 53 -- REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL AND LEASING 532411 -- COMMERCIAL AIR, RAIL, AND WATER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT

RENTAL AND LEASING 532412 -- CONSTRUCTION, MINING, AND FORESTRY MACHINERY AND

EQUIPMENT RENTAL AND LEASING 532490 -- OTHER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT

RENTAL AND LEASING 54 -- PROFESSIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND TECHNICAL SERVICES 541420 – INDUSTRIAL DESIGN SERVICES 81 -- OTHER SERVICES (EXCEPT PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION) 811213 – COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE 811219 – OTHER ELECTRONIC AND PRECISION EQUIPMENT REPAIR AND

MAINTENANCE 811310 - COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT (EXCEPT

AUTOMOTIVE AND ELECTRONIC) REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE 333 -- MACHINERY MANUFACTURING 333923 -- BOAT LIFTS MANUFACTURING / SHIP CRANES AND DERRICKS

MANUFACTURING Marine Civil 23 -- CONSTRUCTION Construction 4 2-digit 236210 -- INDUSTRIAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 9 6-digit 236220 -- COMMERCIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 237130 -- CABLE LAYING / ALTERNATIVE ENERGY (E.G., GEOTHERMAL, MARINE, TELEVISION, TELPHONE, OCEAN WAVE, SOLAR, WIND) STRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION 237990 -- MARINE CONSTRUCTION [ ALL TYPES] 321 -- WOOD PRODUCT MANUFACTURING www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 28 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

321114 -- PILINGS, FOUNDATION, AND MARINE CONSTRUCTION, TREATING 48 -- TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING 488330 -- NAVIGATIONAL SERVICES TO SHIPPING (INCLUDES CARGO SALVAGING, MARINE; DOCKING AND UNDOCKING MARINE VESSEL SERVICES; MARINE SALVAGING SERVICES; MARINE VESSEL TRAFFIC REPORTING SERVICES) 488390 -- OTHER SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR WATER TRANSPORTATION (INCLUDES

CARGO SURVEYORS, CHECKERS, MARINE) 488999 -- ALL OTHER SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR TRANSPORTATION 54 -- PROFESSIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND TECHNICAL SERVICES 541614 – PROCESS, PHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION AND LOGISTICS SERVICES Marine Professional 42 -- WHOLESALE TRADE Services 423930 -- SHIP DISMANTLING (EXCEPT AT FLOATING DRYDOCKS AND SHIPYARDS) 5 2-digit MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 24 6-digit 51 -- INFORMATION 517210 -- SHIP-TO-SHORE BROADCASTING COMMUNICATION CARRIERS, EXCEPT SATELLITE 52 -- FINANCE AND INSURANCE 522110 – COMMERCIAL BANKING 522120 – SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS 522130 – CREDIT UNIONS 522190 – OTHER DEPOSITORY CREDIT INTERMEDIATION 522220 – SALES FINANCING 522291 – CONSUMER LENDING 523110 – INVESTMENT BANKING AND SECURITIES DEALING 524126 – DIRECT PROPERTY AND CASUALTY INSURANCE CARRIERS (INCLUDES

MARINE INSURANGE CARRIERS, DIRECT) 524127 – DIRECT TITLE INSURANCE CARRIERS 524130 -- MARINE REINSURANCE CARRIERS 524210 – INSURANCE AGENCIES AND BROKERAGES 54 -- PROFESSIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND TECHNICAL SERVICES 541110 – OFFICES OF LAWYERS 541199 -- ALL OTHER LEGAL SERVICES 541330 -- ENGINEERING SERVICES 541340 -- DRAFTING SERVICES 541360 -- GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYING AND MAPPING SERVICES 541370 -- SURVEYING AND MAPPING (EXCEPT GEOPHYSICAL) SERVICES 541620 -- ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTING SERVICES 541712 -- OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LABORATORIES OR

SERVICES www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 29 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

541990 -- ALL OTHER PROFESSIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND TECHNICAL SERVICES

(INCLUDES MARINE SURVEYOR SERVICES) 56 -- ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT AND WASTE MANAGEMENT AND

REMEDIATION SERVICES 561990 -- ALL OTHER SUPPORT SERVICES 562910 – ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION SERVICES Ports, Harbors, and Supporting 22 – UTILITIES Infrastructure 5 2-digit 221111 -- HYDROELECTRIC POWER GENERATION 9 6-digit 221119 -- OTHER ELECTRIC / POWER GENERATION 221122 -- ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION 23 -- CONSTRUCTION 238990 -- BOAT LIFT INSTALLATION 48 -- TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING 488310 -- PORT AND HARBOR OPERATIONS 493 -- WAREHOUSING AND STORAGE 493110 -- GENERAL WAREHOUSING AND STORAGE 493120 – REFRIGERATED WAREHOUSING AND STORAGE 493190 -- OTHER WAREHOUSING AND STORAGE 53 -- REAL ESTATE AND RENTAL AND LEASING 531120 -- DOCK AND ASSOCIATED BUILDING RENTAL OR LEASING Allied Industries 11 -- AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, FISHING AND HUNTING 13 2-digit 112512 -- SHELLFISH FARMING 39 6-digit 112519 -- OTHER AQUACULTURE 114111 -- FINFISH FISHING 114112 -- SHELLFISH FISHING 114119 -- OTHER MARINE FISHING 21 MINING, QUARRYING, AND OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION 211111 NATURAL GAS, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION / OFFSHORE CRUDE

PETROLEUM PRODUCTION 213111 – DRILLING OIL AND GAS WELLS 213112 – SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR OIL AND GAS OPERATIONS 213113 – SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR COAL MINING 213114 – SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR METAL MINING 213115 – SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR NONMETALLIC MINERALS 23 -- CONSTRUCTION 237120 -- OIL AND GAS PIPELINE AND RELATED STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTION 31 -- MANUFACTURING 311711 -- SEAFOOD CANNING (INCLUDES FISH AND MARINE ANIMAL OILS www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 30 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

PRODUCED IN A CANNERY) 311712 -- FISH AND MARINE ANIMAL OILS PRODUCED IN A FRESH AND FROZEN

SEAFOOD PLANT 311712 -- FRESH AND FROZEN SEAFOOD PROCESSING 324 -- PETROLEUM AND COAL PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING 324110 – PETROLEUM REFINERIES 333 -- MACHINERY MANUFACTURING 333132 -- OIL AND GAS FIELD-TYPE DRILLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT

(EXCEPT OFFSHORE FLOATING PLATFORMS) MANUFACTURING 42 -- WHOLESALE TRADE 424460 - FISH AND SEAFOOD MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 44 RETAIL TRADE 445220 -- FISH AND SEAFOOD MARKETS 48 -- TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING 481111 -- SCHEDULED PASSENGER AIR TRANSPORTATION 481211 -- NONSCHEDULED CHARTERED PASSENGER AIR TRANSPORTATION 486110 -- PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION OF CRUDE OIL 486210 -- PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION OF NATURAL GAS 486910 -- PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION OF REFINED PETROLEUM PRODUCTS 486990 -- ALL OTHER PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION 488119 – OTHER AIRPORT OPERATIONS 488190 -- OTHER SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR AIR TRANSPORTATION 56 -- ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPPORT AND WASTE MANAGEMENT AND

REMEDIATION SERVICES 561311 -- SHIP CREW EMPLOYMENT AGENCIES 561599 -- TICKET (E.G., AIRLINE, BUS, CRUISE SHIP, SPORTS, THEATRICAL) OFFICES 61 -- EDUCATIONAL SERVICES 611310 – COLLEGES, UNIVERSITIES, AND PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS 611430 -- PROFESSIONAL AND MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT TRAINING 611513 – APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING 611519 – OTHER TECHNICAL AND TRADE SCHOOLS (INCLUDES MARINE

NAVIGATIONAL SCHOOLS) 611699 -- ALL OTHER MISCELLANEOUS SCHOOLS AND INSTRUCTION 611710 -- EDUCATIONAL SUPPORT SERVICES 71 -- ARTS, ENTERTAINMENT, AND RECREATION 712110 -- MARINE MUSEUMS 712120 -- HISTORICAL SHIPS 713930 -- MARINE BASINS, OPERATION OF [INCLUDES BOATING / SAILING CLUBS] 81 -- OTHER SERVICES (EXCEPT PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION) 813910 -- SHIPPING COMPANIES' ASSOCIATIONS www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 31 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

VISITOR 48 -- TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING INDUSTRY 487210 -- SCENIC AND SIGHT-SEEING TRANSPORTATION, WATER [INCLUDES 1 2-digit FISHING CHARTERS 2-6 digit 487990 -- SCENIC AND SIGHT-SEEING TRANSPORTATION, OTHER GOVERNMENT 92 -- PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 1 2-digit 924110 -- NOAA (NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION) 4 6-digit 926120 -- MERCHANT MARINE (EXCEPT ACADEMY) 928110 -- MARINE CORPS 928110 -- NAVY

www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 32 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Table 12: Manufacturing Industry Components of the Maritime Sector

311712 -- FISH AND MARINE ANIMAL OILS PRODUCED IN A FRESH AND FROZEN SEAFOOD PLANT 314912 -- SAILS MADE FROM PURCHASED FABRICS 321114 -- PILINGS, FOUNDATION, AND MARINE CONSTRUCTION, TREATING 324110 – PETROLEUM REFINERIES 325191 -- NAVAL STORES, GUM OR WOOD, MANUFACTURING 325510 -- MARINE PAINTS MANUFACTURING 331111 – IRON AND STEEL MILLS 331210 – IRON AND STEEL PIPE AND TUBE MANUFACTURING FROM PURCHASED STEEL 331221-- ROLLED STEEL SHAPE MANUFACTURING 331311 – ALUMINA REFINING 331314 – SECONDARY SMELTING AND ALLOYING OF ALUMINUM 331315 – ALUMINUM SHEET, PLATE, AND FOIL MANUFACTURING 331319 -- SHIPBOARD CABLE MADE IN ALUMINUM WIRE DRAWING PLANTS 331422 -- SHIPBOARD CABLE MADE FROM PURCHASED COPPER IN WIRE DRAWING PLANTS 331512 – STEEL INVESTMENT FOUNDRIES 331521 – ALUMINUM DIE-CASTING FOUNDARIES 331525 -- SHIP AND BOAT PROPELLERS, CAST BRASS, BRONZE AND COPPER (EXCEPT DIE- CASTING), UNFINISHED, MANUFACTURING 332312 – FABRICATED STRUCTURAL METAL MANUFACTURING 332313 – PLATE WORK MANUFACTURING 332322 – SHEET METAL WORK MANUFACTURING 332410 -- MARINE POWER BOILERS MANUFACTURING 332420 – METAL TANK (HEAVY GAUGE) MANUFACTURING 332510 -- MARINE HARDWEAR, METAL, MANUFACTURING 332710 – MACHINE SHOPS 332995 -- NAVAL ARTILLERY MANUFACTURING 332999 – ALL OTHER MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED METAL PRODUCT MANUFACTURING (INCLUDES MARINE HORNS, COMPRESSED AIR OR STEAM, METAL, MANUFACTURING) 333132 -- OIL AND GAS FIELD-TYPE DRILLING MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT (EXCEPT OFFSHORE FLOATING PLATFORMS) MANUFACTURING 333298 – ALL OTHER INDUSTRIAL MACHINE MANUFACTURING 333612 -- SPEED CHANGER, INDUSTRIAL HIGH-SPEED DRIVE, AND GEAR MANUFACTURING 333618 -- MARINE ENGINES MANUFACTURING 333992 – WELDING AND SOLDERING EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING 334220 – MARINE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT 334290 – SIRENS (E.G., AIR RAID, INDUSTRIAL, MARINE, VEHICLE) MANUFACTURING www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 33 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

334511 – NAUTICAL SYSTEMS AND INSTRUMENTS MANUFACTURING 334513 -- BOILER CONTROLS, INDUSTRIAL, POWER, AND MARINE-TYPE, MANUFACTURING 335314 -- MARINE AND NAVY AUXILIARY CONTROLS, MANUFACTURING 335911 -- MARINE STORAGE BATTERIES MANUFACTURING 336214 -- BOAT TRANSPORTER TRAILERS, SINGLE-UNIT, MANUFACTURING 336321 -- BOAT AND SHIP LIGHTING FIXTURES MANUFACTURING 336611 -- SHIP BUILDING AND REPAIRING (INCLUDES ALL VESSEL TYPES) 336612 – BOAT BUILDING [INCLUDES ALL TYPES] 336999 – MANUFACTURING 337127 -- SHIP FURNITURE MANUFACTURING 339920 -- SAILBOARDS MANUFACTURING

www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 34 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Table 13: 6-Digit NAICS Codes as Reported by Ketchikan- Licensed Businesses 112512 - SHELLFISH FARMING 112519 - OTHER AQUACULTURE 114111 - FINFISH FISHING 114112 - SHELLFISH FISHING 114119 - OTHER MARINE FISHING 213111 – DRILLING OIL AND GAS WELLS 213112 – SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR OIL AND GAS OPERATIONS 213113 – SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR COAL MINING 213114 – SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR METAL MINING 213115 – SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR NONMETALLIC MINERALS 221111 -- HYDROELECTRIC POWER GENERATION 221119 -- OTHER ELECTRIC / POWER GENERATION 221122 -- ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION 236210 - INDUSTRIAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 236220 - COMMERCIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 237120 - OIL AND GAS PIPELINE AND RELATED STRUCTURES CONSTRUCTION 237990 – MARINE CONSTRUCTION 237990 - OTHER HEAVY AND CIVIL ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION 238210 - ELECTRICAL CONTRACTORS AND OTHER WIRING INSTALLATION CONTRACTORS 238220 – COMMERCIAL REFRIGERATION SYSTEM INSTALLATION 238220 - PLUMBING, HEATING, AND AIR-CONDITIONING CONTRACTORS 311711 - SEAFOOD CANNING 311712 - FRESH AND FROZEN SEAFOOD PROCESSING 324110 – PETROLEUM REFINERIES 331111 – IRON AND STEEL MILLS 331210 – IRON AND STEEL PIPE AND TUBE MANUFACTURING FROM PURCHASED STEEL 331221-- ROLLED STEEL SHAPE MANUFACTURING 331311 – ALUMINA REFINING 331314 – SECONDARY SMELTING AND ALLOYING OF ALUMINUM 331315 – ALUMINUM SHEET, PLATE, AND FOIL MANUFACTURING 331512 – STEEL INVESTMENT FOUNDRIES 331521 – ALUMINUM DIE-CASTING FOUNDARIES 332312 – FABRICATED STRUCTURAL METAL MANUFACTURING 332313 – PLATE WORK MANUFACTURING 332322 – SHEET METAL WORK MANUFACTURING 332420 – METAL TANK (HEAVY GAUGE) MANUFACTURING 332710 – MACHINE SHOPS 332999 – ALL OTHER MISCELLANEOUS FABRICATED METAL PRODUCT MANUFACTURING 333298 – ALL OTHER INDUSTRIAL MACHINE MANUFACTURING 333612 - SPEED CHANGER, INDUSTRIAL HIGH-SPEED DRIVE, AND GEAR MANUFACTURING www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 35 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

333992 – WELDING AND SOLDERING EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING 334220 – MARINE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT 334511 – NAUTICAL SYSTEMS AND INSTRUMENTS MANUFACTURING 336611 - SHIP BUILDING AND REPAIRING 336612 – BOAT BUILDING 336999 – MANUFACTURING 423510 – METAL SERVICE CENTERS AND OTHER METAL MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 423610 – ELECTRICAL APPARATUS AND EQUIPMENT, WIRING SUPPLIES, RELATED EQUIPMENT MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 423620 – ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC APPLIANCE, TELEVISION, AND RADIO SET MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 423690 – COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT MERCHANT WHOLESALER 423710 – HARDWARE MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 423720 – PLUMBING AND HEATING EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES (HYDRONICS) MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 423740 – REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 423810 - CONSTRUCTION AND MINING (EXCEPT OIL WELL) MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 423830 – INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT MERCHANT WHOLESALER 423840 – INDUSTRIAL SUPPLIES MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 423860 – TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES (EXCEPT MOTOR VEHICLE) MERCHANT 424460 - FISH AND SEAFOOD MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 424710 – PETROLEUM BULK STATIONS AND TERMINALS 424720 – PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS MERCHANT WHOLESALERS 424720 - PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS MERCHANT WHOLESALERS (EXCEPT BULK STATIONS AND TERMINALS) 441221 – MOTORCYCLE, TV, AND PERSONAL WATERCRAFT DEALERS 441222 – BOAT DEALERS 444130 – HARDWARE STORES 444190 – OTHER BUILDING MATERIAL DEALERS 444210 – OUTDOOR POWER EQUIPMENT SALES 445220 - FISH AND SEAFOOD MARKETS 447190 – OTHER GASOLINE STATIONS 451110 - SPORTING GOODS STORES 454319 – OTHER FUEL DEALERS 481111 - SCHEDULED PASSENGER AIR TRANSPORTATION 481211 - NONSCHEDULED CHARTERED PASSENGER AIR TRANSPORTATION 483111 - DEEP SEA FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION 483112 – DEEP SEA PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION 483113 – BARGE TRANSPORTATION 483114 - COASTAL AND GREAT LAKES PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 36 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

483211 - INLAND WATER FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION 483212 - INLAND WATER PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION 484110 - GENERAL FREIGHT TRUCKING, LOCAL 484220 - SPECIALIZED FREIGHT (EXCEPT USED GOODS) TRUCKING, LOCAL 484230 – SPECIALIZED FREIGHT TRUCKING, LONG DISTANCE 487210 - SCENIC AND SIGHT-SEEING TRANSPORTATION, WATER 487990 - SCENIC AND SIGHT-SEEING TRANSPORTATION, OTHER 488119 – OTHER AIRPORT OPERATIONS 488190 - OTHER SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR AIR TRANSPORTATION 488310 - PORT AND HARBOR OPERATIONS 488320 – MARINE CARGO HANDLING SERVICES 488330 - NAVIGATIONAL SERVICES TO SHIPPING 488390 - OTHER SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR WATER TRANSPORTATION 488510 - FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION ARRANGEMENT 488999 - ALL OTHER SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR TRANSPORTATION 488999 - ALL OTHER SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR TRANSPORTATION 493110 - GENERAL WAREHOUSING AND STORAGE 493120 – REFRIGERATED WAREHOUSING AND STORAGE 493190 - OTHER WAREHOUSING AND STORAGE 522110 – COMMERCIAL BANKING 522120 – SAVINGS INSTITUTIONS 522130 – CREDIT UNIONS 522190 – OTHER DEPOSITORY CREDIT INTERMEDIATION 522220 – SALES FINANCING 522291 – CONSUMER LENDING 523110 – INVESTMENT BANKING AND SECURITIES DEALING 524126 – DIRECT PROPERTY AND CASUALTY INSURANCE CARRIERS 524127 – DIRECT TITLE INSURANCE CARRIERS 524210 – INSURANCE AGENCIES AND BROKERAGES 532411 - COMMERCIAL AIR, RAIL, AND WATER TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT RENTAL AND LEASING 532412 - CONSTRUCTION, MINING, AND FORESTRY MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT RENTAL AND LEASING 532490 - OTHER COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT RENTAL AND LEASING 541110 – OFFICES OF LAWYERS 541199 - ALL OTHER LEGAL SERVICES 541330 – BOAT ENGINEERING DESIGN SERVICES 541330 - ENGINEERING SERVICES 541340 - DRAFTING SERVICES 541370 - SURVEYING AND MAPPING (EXCEPT GEOPHYSICAL) SERVICES 541420 – INDUSTRIAL DESIGN SERVICES www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 37 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

541614 – PROCESS, PHYSICAL DISTRIBUTION AND LOGISTICS SERVICES 541620 - ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTING SERVICES 541990 - ALL OTHER PROFESSIONAL, SCIENTIFIC, AND TECHNICAL SERVICES 561520 - TOUR OPERATORS 561920 – CONVENTION AND TRADE SHOW ORGANIZERS 561990 - ALL OTHER SUPPORT SERVICES 562910 – ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION SERVICES 611310 – COLLEGES, UNIVERSITIES, AND PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS 611430 - PROFESSIONAL AND MANAGEMENT DEVELOPMENT TRAINING 611513 – APPRENTICESHIP TRAINING 611519 – OTHER TECHNICAL AND TRADE SCHOOLS 611699 - ALL OTHER MISCELLANEOUS SCHOOLS AND INSTRUCTION 611710 - EDUCATIONAL SUPPORT SERVICES 811213 – COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE 811219 – OTHER ELECTRONIC AND PRECISION EQUIPMENT REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE 811310 - COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT (EXCEPT AUTOMOTIVE AND ELECTRONIC) REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE

www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 38 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Davison’s Marine Yellow Pages

Davison’s Marine Yellow Pages (www.marineyellowpages.com) is a privately published directory of marine sector businesses, which describes itself as follows: “The Marine Yellow Pages are the complete guide to the commercial fishing, maritime, seafood processing, offshore oil, ship building & repair, ports & harbors, and workboat industries. There are three printed versions: Alaska/West Coast, Atlantic States and Gulf States.1 The publication is funded through advertising, and is available for a $10 shipping & handling fee.

Marine Yellow Pages’ website allows marine businesses to register and identify themselves within any number of 387 different business type categories. Hardcopies of the Marine Yellow Pages phonebook provides a more extensive index of over 700 different business types, including the 387 abovementioned categories; however, business types listed in the index yet falling outside of the set of 387 categories are cross- referenced to one or more of the 387 categories. The Marine Yellow Pages taxonomy focuses upon processes and products rather than industry sectors and occupations.

KMIC organized Davison’s Marine Yellow pages’ 387 categories within KMIC’s 9 parent “subsectors”: Transportation and Logistics; Shipbuilding & Repair (Includes Boatbuilding); Ports, Harbors, and Supporting Infrastructure; Professional Services; Marine Vendor Base; Marine Civil Construction; Government; Allied Industries; and Visitor Industry.

Table 14: Number of Davison’s Marine Yellow Pages Subcategories Corresponding to KMIC Industry Sectors Number of Davison’s KMIC Category Subcategories Allied Industries 30 Visitor Industry 1 Government 2 Ports, Harbors, and Supporting Infrastructure 13 Marine Civil Construction 4 Professional Services 55 Shipbuilding and Repair 13 Marine Transportation and Logistics 17 Marine Vendor Base 252

1 www.marineyellowpages.com, accessed 7/20/2012 www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 39 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Figure 9: Composition of Davison’s Marine Yellow Pages Subsectors, Sorted per KMIC Industry Categories (Number of Subsectors & Percentage of Whole)

Allied Industries 1, 0% 2, 1% 13, 3% 30, 8% Visitor Industry 4, 1%

Government

Ports, Harbors, and Supporting 55, 14% Infrastructure Marine Civil Construction

13, Professional Services 252, 65% 3% Shipbuilding and Repair 17, 5%

Marine Transportation and Logistics Marine Vendor Base

Table 15: Davison’s Marine Yellow Pages Taxonomy, Sorted into KMIC Industry Sectors

Davison’s Category Coding Type Allied Industries 3387 Air Cargo & Packing Express Service 3388 Aircraft Charter, Rental & Leasing Service 3811 Airline Companies 3395 Aquaculture & Mariculture Equipment & Supplies 3739 Art -- Marine 3397 Associations, Organizations & Clubs 3399 Auctioneers 3732 Bait 3777 Cold Storage www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 40 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

9707 Conferences 3454 Diving Instruction -- Commercial 3465 Emergency Medical Services & Clinics 3466 Employment Agencies 3480 Fish & Seafood -- Brokers 3481 Fish and Seafood -- Wholesale 3785 Fish Hold Construction 3482 Fish Packers & Processors 3483 Fish Packers & Processors Equipment 3786 Fish Smokling & Curing 5264 Hospitals & Clinics 3797 Hotels & Motels 3509 Ice Dealers 3730 Ice Making Equipment & Systems 3798 IFQ Brokers 3800 Lobster -- Dealers 3523 Lobster -- Traps 3801 Lobstermen's Supplies 3773 Museums 3782 Salt 3780 Shows, Expositions & Fairs Government 3386 Agencies -- City, State, and Government 3568 Research Vessels Ports, Harbors, and Supporting Infrastructure 3413 Boat Yards 3418 Brokers -- Slips 3419 Bulkheads 3444 Crane Service 3445 Cranes, Davits & Hoists 3489 Forklifts 3796 Haul-Out Facilities 7733 Marine Railway 3775 Marine Ways 3556 Ports, Marinas & Moorages 3598 Stevedoring Contractors 3810 Storage -- Commercial 3602 Terminal Services Marine Civil Construction 101215 Marine Construction Equipment 3529 Marine Contractors 7593 Pile Driving www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 41 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

3551 Pipeline Contractors Professional Services 3398 Attorneys 3382 Accountants 3385 Adjusters 3396 Asbestos & Lead Testing & Removal 3401 Balancing Service 5377 Calibration 3430 Classification Society 3432 Communications Services -- Common Carrier 3433 Compass Adjuster 3731 Compliance Audits 3437 Consultants -- Environmental 3745 Consultants -- Fishery 3438 Consultants -- Marine 3748 Consultants -- Quality Management 3747 Consultants -- Safety 9694 Crew Management 3447 Customs Brokers 3452 Divers 10191 Diving -- Commercial 3633 Documentation & Registration Services 3457 Drug Detection, Testing & Education 3819 Duct Work Cleaning 3467 Engineers -- Marine 3472 Environmental Services & Products 3640 Export Services 3478 Financing 3486 Fleet Owners & Boat Operators 3512 Insultation Contractors 3514 Insurance 3737 Investigators & Detective Agencies 3519 Laboratories -- Analytical & Testing 3727 Medical Bill Review 3540 Oil Analysis 3729 Oil Spill Prevention, Containment & Clean Up 3541 Oilfield Divers 3548 Photographers -- Marine 5373 Recruitment 3572 Salvage -- Marine 3573 Sandblasting & Shotblasting 3578 Security -- Maritime www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 42 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

3815 Security -- Port 3586 Ship Cleaning 3810 Surveyors -- Marine 3808 Surveyors -- Tonnage 3821 Underwater Vehicles, ROV/AUV 3760 Underwater Video 3609 US Engineer Offices 3757 Ventilation Systems -- Cleaning 3612 Vessel Management Service 3642 Vibration Analysis & Control 10193 Waterjet Cutting 3616 Weather Forecasting 3624 Wire Rope Splicing & Rigging 3625 Wireline Services 3626 Woodwork Shipbuilding and Repair 3402 Barge & Tugboat Building & Repairing 3409 Boat Building 3814 Boat Repairing 3442 Corrosion Control 3458 Dry Dock Service 3631 Hydroblasting 3537 Naval Architects / Boat Designers 3584 Ship Building & Repair 3636 Ship Joiners 3588 Ship, Boat & Offshore Rig Builders 3587 Shipyards 3617 Welding 5382 Yacht Refit & Repair Transportation & Logistics 3400 Autopilots 3403 Barge Leasing 3404 Barge Lines 5278 Boat Transportation -- Water 3412 Boat Transporting 7735 Boat / Yacht Delivery 3733 Boats -- Rental & Charter 3422 Cargo & Freight Containers 3776 Containerized Freight Service 3446 Crew & Cargo Transport Service 3490 Freight Forwarding 3531 Marine Transportation www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 43 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

3549 Pilots -- Marine 3594 Steamship Companies / Agents 3809 Surveyors -- Cargo 3604 Towing -- Marine 3606 Trucking Marine Vendor Base 3424 Cellular Telephone Equipment & Service 3380 Abrasives 3381 Absorbents 3383 Actuators 3384 Adhesives, Glues & Epoxies 3389 Alternators 3390 Aluminum 3391 Aluminum Fabrication 3392 Anchors 3393 Anodes 3394 Antennas 5279 Audio/Visual 3750 Bags -- Transparent & Plastic 3740 Barrels & Drums 3405 Batteries 3741 Batteries -- Storage 3406 Battery Charging Equipment 3407 Bearings & Bushings 3751 Belts & Belting Supplies 3408 Bilge Cleaning 3752 Binoculars 3410 Boat Covers, Tops & Upholstery 3812 Boat Dealers 3411 Boat Finishing 3779 Boat Lettering & Graphics 3742 Boilers 3414 Boilers -- Repairing & Cleaning 3415 Book Dealers 3416 Bow & Stern Thrusters 5286 Brakes 3420 Buoys, Fenders & Floats 3763 Cable Protection 3421 Canvas Goods 3423 Caulks & Sealants 5288 Ceilings 3426 Chain www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 44 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

3743 Chairs, Helm Seats & Pedestals 3727 Charts & Maps 3428 Chemicals 3754 Chlorinators 3429 Chronometers & Clocks 3683 Clothing & Rain Gear 3431 Clutches 3434 Compasses 3435 Compressors -- Air & Gas 3436 Computer Software & Systems 3439 Containers -- Plastic 7352 Control Cables 3440 Controls, Control Systems & Regulators 3645 Conveyors & Conveying Equipment 3441 Coolants & Cooling Systems 3417 Copper, Brass & Copper-Nickel 5366 Core & Composite Materials 3628 Couplings 3443 Crab, Shrimp, Cod, Etc Pots & Gear 3448 Deck Machinery & Systems 3449 Deck Materials & Coverings 9695 Dehumidification 3451 Dinghies, Tenders & Skiffs 3453 Divers' Equipment & Supplies 3455 Doors, Hatches, Scuttles & Manholes 3456 Dredging Equipment 7711 Drive Shafts 3749 Drivelines 3459 Duct Work Fabricators 10194 Electric Cable -- Manufacturer/Supplier 3460 Electric Equipment -- Service & Installation 3461 Electric Equipment & Supplies 3462 Electric Motors 7354 Electrical UPS Systems 3644 Electronic Charts 3463 Electronic Equipment & Supplies 10195 Electronic Equipment & Supplies -- Used 3818 Electronic Equipment Repair 3464 Elevators 3820 Enclosures 3468 Engines -- Diesel www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 45 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

3469 Engines -- Gasoline 5284 Engines -- Mounts 3470 Engines -- Rebuilding, Exchanging & Repairing 3471 Engines -- Sales, Service & Parts 5285 Engines -- Surveyor 3473 Exhaust Systems 3474 Expansion Joints 5378 Extruded Rubber Seals & Gaskets 3475 Fasteners 3476 Fiberglass Materials 3637 Fiberglass Repair & Fabrication 3477 Filters 3479 Fire Protection Equipment & Services 3784 First Aid Supplies 3484 Fishermen's Supplies 3790 Fishing Tackle 3485 Fishing Tackle -- Wholesale & Manufacturers 3795 Flags, Banners, Pennants & Poles 9706 Flooring 3487 Flotation Systems 3488 Foam & Sponge Rubber 3791 Foundries 3491 Fuel & Oil Additives 3492 Fuel Docks 3493 Fuel Injection Equipment 3450 Fuel Oil Polishing 3494 Fuels -- Marine 3634 Furniture -- Marine 3495 Galley & Commissary Equipment 3793 Gas -- Propane 5380 Gas Line Hoses 5383 Gas Springs 3496 Gaskets 3497 Gauges & Meters 3498 Gears & Gear Cutting 3499 Generators -- Sales, Service & Repair 3500 Geophysical & Seismographic Services 5281 Gloves 3502 Governors & Synchronizers 3503 Grating 3504 Hardware -- Marine www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 46 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

3505 Heat Exchangers 3506 Heaters & Air Conditioners 3507 Hose, Couplings & Fittings 3508 Hydraulic Equipment & Systems 10190 Impellers 3799 Incinerators 3510 Inflatables 7351 Infrared Cameras & Systems 3511 Infrared Inspection Equipment & Services 3513 Insulation Materials 3515 Interiors 3516 Inverters 3517 Janitorial Supplies 5282 Jigging Machinery 5384 Joysticks 3518 Knives 3520 Ladders 10198 Leather Cleaning & Repair 3521 Life Rafts & Boats 3522 Lights & Lighting 3524 Longline Equipment & Supplies 3525 Lubricants & Lubricating Equipment 3526 Lumber, Plywood & Hardwoods 3527 Machine Shops 3528 Manufacturers Agents & Representatives 5375 Marine Electrical Cable 3530 Marine Equipment & Supplies 3816 Maritime Awareness Port Security System 3532 Material Handling Equipment 3533 Matresses & Bedding 3774 Moisture Control Systems 3534 Monitor & Alarm Systems 3536 Name Plates & Tags 3772 Nautical Instruments 5385 Navigation Systems 3538 Nets & Netting 3641 Noise Control 5283 Nozzles 3539 Oceanographic Equipment & Services 3542 Oilfield Equipment, Chemicals & Services 3543 Outboard Motors www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 47 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

3769 Packaging Machinery 3768 Packaging Materials 3544 Packings & Seals -- Mechanical 3545 Paint & Marine Coatings 3546 Painting Contractors 3547 Panels 5205 Perforated Metals 3767 Permit Brokers 5287 Pile Repair Products 3766 Pipe & Cable Hangers 3550 Pipe & Pipe Fittings 3825 Plastic Fabrication 3552 Plastic Products 3553 Plastics -- Rod, Sheet, Tube 3554 Plating 3555 Plumbing Fixtures -- Parts & Supplies 7734 Pneumatics 3826 Pontoons 5200 Promotional Items 3558 Propellers 3559 Propulsion Equipment & Systems 3560 Provisioners 3562 Publishers 3765 Publishers -- Directory & Guide 3563 Pumps 3564 Radar Equipment & Supplies 3565 Radio Communication Equipment & Supplies 3817 Radio Communication Equipment Repair 3643 Rails & Accessories 3566 Refrigeration & Freezing Equipment 3567 Rental Services 3788 Rigging 3569 Rope & Cordage 3570 Rubber Products 3571 Safety Equipment, Gear & Supplies 3648 Sandblasting & Shotblasting Equipment & Supplies 3575 Sanitation 3576 Satellite Communication Equipment 9700 Scaffolding 3647 Scale Models & Half Hulls 3781 Scales www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 48 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

3577 Schools & Training 3827 Seats & Pedestals 3579 Separators & Centrifuges 10216 Shades 3581 Shafts, Struts & Rudders 3582 Sheet Metal Work 3583 Ship Brokers 3585 Ship Chandlers 5289 Shower Units 7736 Signs 3589 Silencers -- Marine 5386 Solar Shades 3802 Speed Reducers 3590 Spill Control Services & Products 3639 Stabilizers 3803 Stainless Steel Distributors 3629 Stainless Steel Fabricators 3591 Stair Treads 3592 Starters -- Air, Electric & Hydraulic 3595 Steel Distributors & Warehouses 3596 Steel Fabricators 3597 Steering Systems & Equipment 3627 Survival, Exposure & Immersion Equipment 3600 Tank Cleaning 3806 Tank Lining & Coating 3601 Tanks 3684 Tarpaulins 5280 Telephone Equipment & Systems 3603 Toilets 3635 Tools & Accessories 3762 Towers & Masts 3807 Trailers 7353 Transmissions 3761 Trawls & Trawl Equipment 5379 Trim 5381 Truck Bodies 3607 Tubing & Fittings 3608 Turbochargers 3610 Valves & Fittings 3611 Ventilation Equipment & Services 3649 Walkways, Ramps & Rentals www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 49 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

3756 Water Heaters 3614 Water Makers 3615 Water Treatment & Purification Equipment -- Service & Supplies 3755 Weather Instruments 3618 Welding Equipment & Supplies 3619 Whistles, Bells, Sirens & Horns 3621 Windows & Windlasses 3622 Windows, Portlights, Windshields & Glass 3623 Windshield Wipers & Blades 3759 Wiping Cloth 3758 Wire Cloth Visitor Industry 3605 Travel Agencies & Bureaus

www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 50 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Table 16: Marine Initiative Catalogue Name Link Type

Southeast Conference www.seconference.org Alaska Transportation Committee

Southeast Conference www.seconference.org Alaska CEDS Marine Exchange of http://www.mxak.org/home/members.html Alaska Alaska

Alaska Association of www.alaskaharbors.org Alaska Harbormasters and Port Administrators SEAPRO http://www.seapro.org/ Alaska CHADUX http://www.chadux.com/ Alaska Homer Marine Trades http://www.homermarinetrades.com/ Alaska (AK) Chamber of Shipping http://www.chamber-of-shipping.com/ International of British Columbia International Maritime http://www.imo.org/HOME.html International Organization INTERTANKO http://www.intertanko.com/ International Marine Log http://www.marinelog.com/ International

Oceans Advance www.oceansadvance.net International (Labrador / Newfoundland) Maritime Singapore http://www.mpa.gov.sg/sites/global_navigation/ International maritime_singapore.page Singapore Maritime http://www.mpa.gov.sg/sites/business_and_enter International Cluster Fund prise/business_and_enterprise.page

European Network of http://www.european-network-of-maritime- International

Maritime Clusters clusters.eu/ (Listed Below)

Maritime Cluster www.marinecluster.com International Bulgaria Maritime Cluster http://www.maritimecenter.dk/ International Center of Europe (Denmark) Finland http://www.akerarctic.fi/ International Cluster Maritime http://www.cluster-maritime.fr/ International www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 51 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Francais (France) Bundesministerium fur http://www.bmwi.de/ International Wirtschaft und Technologie (Germany) Federazione del Mare http://www.federazionedelmare.it/ International (Italy) Luxembourg Maritime http://www.cluster-maritime.lu/ International Cluster Dutch Maritime http://www.dutchmaritimeguide.com/ International Network Maritimt Forum http://www.maritimt-forum.no/ International (Norway) Polish Maritime http://www.mea.szczecin.pl/ International Cluster Spanish Maritime http://www.clustermaritimo.es/ International Cluster Maritime Forum http://www.maritimeforum.se/english.html International (Sweden) Sea Vision UK (UK) http://www.british-shipping.org/ International Denmark-Sweden http://www.maritimecenter.dk/ International Joint Venture Maritime Cluster Maritime Cluster of http://www.maritimes-cluster.de/en/ International Northern Germany IDMO (Ireland) http://www.imdo.ie/imdo/business/BusinessNew International .htm Marine South East http://www.marinesoutheast.co.uk/ International (England) Mersey Maritime http://www.merseymaritime.co.uk/ International (England) Marine Institute of http://www.marine.ie/ International Ireland Marine South West http://www.marine-south-west.org.uk/ International (England) Maritime London http://www.maritimelondon.co.uk/ International Maritime Hull http://www.cityport.co.uk/Pages/Intropg.htm International Partnership (UK) North Sea Shipping http://www.northseashipping.org/ International (UK) Sail NW (UK) – http://www.sailnw.org/innerpage.asp?id=13&sec International (Marine Leisure tion=3 Development) Hong Kong Maritime http://www.mic.gov.hk/eng/home/index.htm International Industry Council www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 52 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Dubai Maritime http://www.dubaimaritimecity.ae/ International Cluster Singapore Logistics http://www.sedb.com/etc/medialib/downloads/ab International Cluster out_edb.Par.0018.File.tmp/edb_Logistics%20& %20Transport.pdf Uruguay Shipbuilding http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esr International Cluster Association c=s&frm=1&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CCEQF jAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.industrianaval .com.uy%2Fc%2Fdocument_library%2Fget_file %3Fp_l_id%3D6383%26folderId%3D178707% 26name%3DDLFE- 7601.pdf&ei=maYxT8jpAuOZiQKFmLXFAw& usg=AFQjCNGN-6FW6t27G9aTllh2Hk- Szeel6g&sig2=b_YanKLBB_4IrRqmAYdvoQ

Korean Shipbuilding http://www.isc.hbs.edu/pdf/Student_Projects/Ko International Cluster rea_Shipbuilding_2010.pdf

Trinidad and Tobago http://tts-r.com/wp- International Shipbuilding Cluster content/uploads/Recommended_Strategy_by_S Strategy &R_Cluster_2007.pdf Trinidad and Tobago http://www.investtnt.com/1content/en/tsectors.as International Investment Strategy px?articleid=139&zoneid=3 for Maritime Prince Rupert Port http://www.rupertport.com/ International Authority

Greater Ketchikan www.ketchikanchamber.com Ketchikan Area Chamber of Commerce

Oceans Alaska www.oceansalaska.org Ketchikan American Association

www.aapa-ports.org National of Port Authorities American Bureau of

www.eagle.org National Shipping Bureau of Ocean Energy Management,

www.boemre.gov National Regulation, and Enforcement

MARAD www.marad.dot.gov National Maritime Information Service of North http://www.misnadata.org/ National America National Oceanic and

www.noaa.gov National Atmospheric www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 53 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Administration National Shipbuilding http://www.nsnet.com/ National Network National Ocean http://www.noai.org National Industries Association Offshore Marine http://www.offshoremarine.org/ National Service Association Passenger Vessel http://www.passengervessel.com/ National Association Professional Mariners http://www.professionalmariner.com/ National

US Coast Guard www.uscg.mil National

US Customs Service www.cbp.gov National US Maritime http://marad.dot.gov/ National Administration

US Navy www.navy.mil National Workboat http://www.workboat.com/index.asp National Baltimore Marine http://www.balmx.org/ Regional Exchange Greater Houston Port http://www.txgulf.org/ Regional Bureau and Marine Exchange of the West Gulf Jacksonville, Florida http://www.jmtx.org/index.htm Regional Marine Transportation Exchange Marine Exchange of http://www.marineexchangesea.com/ Regional Puget Sound Marine Exchange of http://www.sfmx.org/ Regional San Francisco Bay Region Marine Exchange of http://www.mxsocal.org/ Regional Southern California Marine Association of http://www.nymaritime.org/ Regional the Port of New York / New Jersey Marine Exchange for http://www.maritimedelriv.com/ Regional the Delaware River and Bay New Orleans Board of http://www.nobot.org/ Regional Trade Port of Hampton http://www.portofhamptonroads.com/ Regional Roads Maritime Association Tampa Port Authority http://www.tampaport.com/ Regional The Merchants http://www.pdxmex.com/ Regional www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 54 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Exchange of Portland, Oregon Northwest Cruise Ship http://nwcruiseship.org/ Regional Association Gloucester / EDA http://gloucester- Regional initiative ma.gov/DocumentView.aspx?DID=1014 (Massachusetts) The Maritime Alliance http://themaritimealliance.org/resources/san- Regional (San Diego) diego-maritime-technology-cluster/

Seattle's Maritime http://www.seattle.gov/economicdevelopment/pd Regional Cluster (WA) f_files/Seattle%20Maritime%20Study%20- %202009.pdf Narragansett Bay http://www.ci.uri.edu/RIBayTeam/Docs/Narraga Regional Cluster (RI) nsett_Bay_Cluster.pdf Rhode Island http://www.dem.ri.gov/bayteam/documents/prop Regional Economic Monitoring osed_economic_monitoring_strategy_1005.pdf Strategy (Maritime Clusters) Connecticut Maritime http://www.ctmaritime.com/ Regional Coalition Mississippi Maritime http://www.norcc.org/cluster/maritime.php Regional Cluster Northwest Washington http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esr Regional Marine Cluster Study c=s&frm=1&source=web&cd=4&ved=0CDgQF jAD&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sanjuansedc.o rg%2FReports%2FRegional%2520Marine%252 0Cluster%2520Final%2520Report.pdf&ei=h5Ax T4DjOK3ZiQKVqvjFAw&usg=AFQjCNERB8 LgSM49eH8VYuJzFdXi4r3dpA&sig2=F87MQ 5qWNynftkiDMNWdHQ

San Pedro Bay http://www.metrans.org/nuf/2007/documents/Lyt Regional Maritime Technology eTechnologyPaperFinalVersion120507.pdf Cluster Sturgeon Bay http://map.co.door.wi.us/planning/Comp- Regional Shipbuilding Cluster Plan/Resource/Shipbuilding%20Cluster%20Mas Map ter%20Plan.pdf Virginia Maritime http://oldweb.vamaritime.com/ Regional Association New Carolina TDL http://www.newcarolina.org/clusters/tdlcouncil.a Regional Council spx Massachusetts http://www.mass.gov/hed/economic/industries/m Regional Maritime Commerce aritime-commerce.html www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com Page 55 Copyright KMIC 2012 KMIC Report: Marine Industry Sector Composition August 22, 2012

Maine Technology http://www.mainetechnology.org/fund/cluster- Regional Institute Cluster initiative-program Initiative St. Petersburg http://www.stpete.org/economic_development_d Regional Bayboro Marine ept/region_overview/docs/Marinesciencecluster8 Research Cluster _08.pdf Tampa Bay Marine http://www.tampabay.com/news/business/econo Regional Cluster micdevelopment/two-cities-st-petersburg-and- tampa-strive-to-establish-their-own- industry/1148300 Savannah Maritime http://savannahmaritime.com/ Regional Association Maritime Association http://www.maritimesc.org/ Regional of South Carolina

South Carolina Marine http://www.scmarine.org Regional Association

West Gulf Maritime http://www.wgma.org Regional Association (Texas)

Louisiana Maritime www.concentriamaritime.com Regional Association (LAMA)

Louisiana Maritime www.louisianamaritime.org Regional Association (LAMA)

Louisiana Port www.portsoflouisiana.org Regional Association

Port of Los Angeles www.portoflosangeles.org Regional Hawaii Autonomous (No Website) Regional Maritime Robotics Cluster

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In determining an organizational/descriptive structure for Ketchikan’s marine industry sector, KMIC evaluated marine industry taxonomy utilized by a variety of sources:

 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)  Port and Harbor directories from the Pacific Northwest, and other locales  Marine industry periodicals (ex: Marine Logic, Maritime Professional, etc.)  Descriptions and maps of other regional marine industry clusters in the US, and internationally

KMIC determined that the NAICS taxonomy is organized in a manner which is not well suited to representing the marine industry. Many NAICS codes (or categories) include both marine and non-marine business types, even at the most-specialized 6-digit code level. KMIC researchers identified 175 separate 6-digit categories corresponding to the marine industry, dispersed across 17 2-digit parent categories. (More details of this activity are provided later in the report.) Some specialized marine goods and services of critical importance to marine businesses (ex: exhaust blankets) are obscured within aggregate categories found at the 6-digit level, while other specialized goods and services are confusingly subdivided across NAICS categories. The NAICS system is static and inflexible by nature, and is unable to evolve in tandem with private sector economic activity.

Port and Harbor directories are catalogues of marine service providers created by private enterprise, which derive revenue from sale of publications and/or advertising space.vii Marine industry periodicals operate in similar fashion, tracking and reporting on private sector activity, and providing written content reflective of its marine industry readership and advertisers. Publications of these types utilize classification systems and descriptive terms which are generated in direct response to evolving marine industry demand, and are able to rapidly adapt to new trends and innovation in accordance with private sector guidance (advertisers and subscribers). This poses a number of advantages over the static NAICS codex in describing the economic reality created through private sector activity.

KMIC researchers worked with continual private industry guidance to develop a taxonomy well suited to describing Ketchikan’s marine industry sector and subsectors. The taxonomy includes industry subsectors which are already present and represented within the community, as well as marine subsectors which are yet to develop.

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Definitions for KMIC’s taxonomy are given below. Definitions were developed by considering widely-accepted (dictionary, encyclopedia, and occasionally legal) definitions, and tempering them with input from private sector leadership. Categories and descriptions are subject to change in response to private sector demand.

Additional Services / Amenities – Businesses belonging to a business type which is not inherently belonging to or associated with the marine industry, which have nevertheless individually self-identified as marine due to market segment, or other reasons.

Allied Industries – Non-marine industries which work together with the marine industry by providing goods and services to the marine industry, or being dependent upon marine industry resources. Definition includes industries with a primary focus upon the sea’s living marine resources (fish, shellfish, etc.).

Charter Fishing – Fishing from a vessel carrying a passenger for hire who is engaged in recreational fishing.

Communications Tech – Businesses engaged in the design, construction, and maintaining of systems which communicate information.

Cruise Industry – Businesses engaged in tourism activities involving the use of cruise ships, which are defined by federal statutes as being: “a passenger vessel over 100 gross tons, carrying more than 12 passengers for hire, making a voyage lasting more than 24 hours any part of which is on the high seas.” For the purposes of this project, cruise industry businesses are represented via inclusion of professional associations.

Diesel Engines – Design, construction, maintenance, and sale of machines utilizing diesel fuel to create mechanical force and motion.

Electrical Contractors – Businesses specializing in the design, construction, and maintenance of electrical systems in marine vessels and equipment.

Electrical Utilities – Companies which engage in the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity for sale.

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Engineering – Application of scientific knowledge to design, build, and maintain structures, machines, systems, materials, and processes.

Ferries – The transportation of people, vehicles, and cargo across comparatively small bodies of water.

Finance – Management and decision making services for financial resources.

Fisheries – Includes businesses which focus upon harvesting, processing, or selling of fish, shellfish, or other aquatic animals for consumption.

Fuel – Provision of material such as petroleum products, which are burned to produce heat or power.

Government – Includes legal entities created to undertake commercial activities on behalf of an owner government, or an entity with a government owning an effective controlling interest (>50%).

Heavy Equipment – Rental, operation, maintenance, and sale of large vehicles and machines used to perform marine industry-related tasks.

Hydraulics – Design, construction, maintenance, and repair of systems utilizing pressurized liquids for the generation, control, and transmission of power.

Insurance – Risk management business offering coverage by contract to reimburse expenses associated with loss or harm arising in specified contingencies.

Law – Provision of legal services to solve specific, individualized problems, or advance the interest of the party retaining the lawyer to perform legal services.

Logistics – Management of the flow of goods, personnel, and other resources between a point of origin and a destination, or in support of marine operations.

Mariculture – Businesses which cultivate marine organisms in their natural habitats for commercial purposes.

Maritime – connected with, bordering, pertaining to, or existing near the sea.

Maritime Aviation – Aircraft which perform waterborne take-off and landings, and/or which operate in support of marine activities.

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Marine Architects and Engineers – Engineering services for the design, construction, maintenance, and operation of marine vessels and structures.

Marine Civil Construction – Design, construction, maintenance, and repair of marine infrastructure.

Marine Industry -- Business activities primarily connected with, conducted near, pertaining to, or existing near the sea and its non-living marine resources.

Marine Pilots and Navigation – Mariners with detailed knowledge of local waterways, who assist in safe navigation of vessels under the legal command of the vessel’s captain.

Marine Safety and Environmental – Services which protect against physical, economic, and environmental consequences of failure, damage, error, or accidents.

Marine Surveyor – Inspection, survey, or examination of marine vessels and cargo, to assess and report on their condition.

Marine Transportation and Logistics – Includes all aspects of waterborne movement of people and cargo.

Marine Vendor Base – Enterprises contributing goods and services within the marine industry sector supply chain.

Mechanical Contractors / Metalworking – Design, construction, and maintenance of metal and mechanical objects such as machines, tools, HVAC systems, etc.

Mining – Extraction of ore or minerals.

Ocean Science / Observation – The study of the ocean, its ecosystems, life forms, natural processes, and weather.

Ports and Harbors – Physical infrastructure which allows ships to dock, transfer people or cargo to or from land, seek shelter or refuge, or remain stored in the water for future use.

Ports, Harbors & Supporting Infrastructure – Basic physical structures constructed in, over, or bordering the sea, necessary for function of maritime industry activities.

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Professional Organizations – Organizations seeking to represent the interests of a particular profession or business type.

Professional Services – Objective services relying upon specialized high educational training, rendered for a direct and definite compensation, without expectation of other business gain.

Propeller Repair – Maintenance and repair of propellers.

Propulsion – Design, construction, sale, and maintenance of mechanisms or systems used to generate thrust to move marine vessels across water.

Provisioning – Businesses engaged in supplying marine vessels with food, materials, and equipment necessary for extended voyages.

Shipbuilding and Repair – Design, construction, maintenance, and repair of ships, boats, and other marine vessels.

Supply / Resupply – Furnishing with provisions necessary to support marine transportation.

Towing Companies – Businesses operating towboats for movement of barges and other vessels.

Training / Education – Systematic development of knowledge, skills, abilities, and/or experience.

Visitor Industry – Commercial activity associated with travel for recreational, leisure, or business purposes. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes".

Waterborne Sightseeing – Commercial tourism activities which utilize boats, ships, or watercraft to transport passengers to visit and view sights and places of interest.

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i www.ketchikanmarineindustry.com ii A May, 2012 report published by the Ketchikan Marine Industry Council determined marine industry business types include 176 total 6-digit NAICS industry codes dispersed within 17 2-digit NAICS parent categories. iii http://www.noia.org/website/staticdownload.asp?id=45798 iv http://www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/ v Michael E. Porter, “The Economic Performance of Regions,” Regional Studies, Vol 37. 6&7, pp. 549-578, August/October 2003. Porter clarifies: “The key for a region […] is to develop the conditions for supporting high wages in its traded industries, rather than attempting to grow the traded share of the economy.” (p. 562) He later explains: “The relevant knowledge spillovers that affect innovation and performance should be strongest within cluster and among related industries. Hence, specialization in clusters, not in industries per se, should lead to higher performance. Diversity of cluster in a region rather than diversity of industries may also be a more meaningful diversity measure (KETELHOHN, 2002). A diverse array of overlapping clusters… should be associated with better performance than a diversity of clusters that are unrelated.” (p. 562) vi Porter, op cit. (p. 562) vii As an example, see the Pacific Northwest Ports 2012 Handbook found here: http://digital.nexsitepublishing.com/i/45590/2

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