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A Retrospective of Preservation Practice and the New York City Subway System
Under the Big Apple: a Retrospective of Preservation Practice and the New York City Subway System by Emma Marie Waterloo This thesis/dissertation document has been electronically approved by the following individuals: Tomlan,Michael Andrew (Chairperson) Chusid,Jeffrey M. (Minor Member) UNDER THE BIG APPLE: A RETROSPECTIVE OF PRESERVATION PRACTICE AND THE NEW YORK CITY SUBWAY SYSTEM A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Emma Marie Waterloo August 2010 © 2010 Emma Marie Waterloo ABSTRACT The New York City Subway system is one of the most iconic, most extensive, and most influential train networks in America. In operation for over 100 years, this engineering marvel dictated development patterns in upper Manhattan, Brooklyn, and the Bronx. The interior station designs of the different lines chronicle the changing architectural fashion of the aboveground world from the turn of the century through the 1940s. Many prominent architects have designed the stations over the years, including the earliest stations by Heins and LaFarge. However, the conversation about preservation surrounding the historic resource has only begun in earnest in the past twenty years. It is the system’s very heritage that creates its preservation controversies. After World War II, the rapid transit system suffered from several decades of neglect and deferred maintenance as ridership fell and violent crime rose. At the height of the subway’s degradation in 1979, the decision to celebrate the seventy-fifth anniversary of the opening of the subway with a local landmark designation was unusual. -
Design a Subway Station Mosaic That Reflects Their Home Or School Neighborhood and Draw It
MILES OF TILES MILES OF TILES BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR TEACHERS “Design and aesthetics have been a part of the subway from the original stations of 1904 to the latest work in 2018. But nothing in New York stands still – certainly not the subway - and the approach to subway style has evolved, reflecting the major stages of the system’s construction during the early 1900s, the teens, and the late 20s and early 30s and the renovations and redesigns of later years. The earliest parts of the system still convey the flowery, genteel flavor of a smaller, older city. Later sections, by contrast, show a conscious turn toward the modern, including open admiration for the system’s raw structural power. The evolution of subway design follows the trajectory of the world of art and architecture as these came to terms with the Industrial revolution, and the tug-of-war between a traditional deference to European models and a modernist ideology demanding an honest expression of contemporary industrial technology.” —Subway style: 100 years of Architecture & Design in the New York City Subway New York City, in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, was an industrial hub attracting many Americans from rural communities looking for work, and immigrants looking for better lives. It was, however, blighted by impoverished neighborhoods of broken down tenements and social injustice. The city lacked a plan for how it should look, where structures should be built, or how services should be distributed. It was described as a ‘ragged pincushion of towers’ with no government regulation over the urban landscape. -
The New York City Draft Riots of 1863
University of Kentucky UKnowledge United States History History 1974 The Armies of the Streets: The New York City Draft Riots of 1863 Adrian Cook Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Thanks to the University of Kentucky Libraries and the University Press of Kentucky, this book is freely available to current faculty, students, and staff at the University of Kentucky. Find other University of Kentucky Books at uknowledge.uky.edu/upk. For more information, please contact UKnowledge at [email protected]. Recommended Citation Cook, Adrian, "The Armies of the Streets: The New York City Draft Riots of 1863" (1974). United States History. 56. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_united_states_history/56 THE ARMIES OF THE STREETS This page intentionally left blank THE ARMIES OF THE STREETS TheNew York City Draft Riots of 1863 ADRIAN COOK THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF KENTUCKY ISBN: 978-0-8131-5182-3 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 73-80463 Copyright© 1974 by The University Press of Kentucky A statewide cooperative scholarly publishing agency serving Berea College, Centre College of Kentucky, Eastern Kentucky University, Georgetown College, Kentucky Historical Society, Kentucky State University, Morehead State University, Murray State University, Northern Kentucky State College, Transylvania University, University of Kentucky, University of Louisville, and Western Kentucky University. Editorial and Sales Offices: Lexington, Kentucky 40506 To My Mother This page intentionally left blank Contents Acknowledgments ix -
Past Futures, Present, Futures Newsprint
1853 Design For thE NEw York Crystal PalAce 1870 BEach PNeumAtic trAnsiT 1997 Switch 1904 No cenTral Park 1871 BroadwAy railway Sidewalk 1995 REPoHistoRy 1992 GreeNed MAnhanttan 1946 RooFtoP Airport, WEst SidE 1968 Wall Of Oil BaRreLs 1967 NeW york habitaT 1951 WashingTon SquAre south ANd souTh VilLagE Title i 1916 GreAter new york 1951 Conveyor BetweEn TiMes SquAre ANd grAnd cEntral 1917 Architectural ConsPirators 1939 SkyscrapeR airPorT for City of Tomorrow 1971 Third city: new york of BrAinS 1989 The HomEleSs PRojection: A ProPoSal foR The City of new york 1967 PneUmAcosm 1960 Mandatory Fallout shelterS for eveRy StructurE in New york By 1963 1999 Second New York lower manhattan 1969 landliNeR 1908 GranD Hotel for New york citY 1931 ChrystiE-ForsytH streeT housing DeveloPmeNt 1934 Filling in tHe hudSoN 1867 NeW EAsT riveR 1926 Steel CathedrAl For a million PeoPle 1969 SkyscrapeR in Manhattan 1960 FalL-out SheltEr 1930 Six story highWay 1969 Slung City (Park AvenUe) 1963 East island 1970 FLoating iSlAnD:to travel around ManhaTtAn islAnD 1976 RemoVal of MAnhattAn islAnD 1966 Rolls roYcE grillE on WAll Street 1970 VerTical hoUsing eleMents over WilliamsbUrg bridgE 1908 King’s dream Of New york 1960 Manhattan island dome 1942 WartiMe Housing in The New York metRoPolitan area: WhaT The fedErAl And state ageNcies Are DoiNg, And, what ThEy Ask LocAl PubLic 1969 NeW york city aS 51St State BodieS ANd Civic organizationS to Do : A SErieS of StateMenTs Prepared for the citizEnS’ houSing counciL of New york 1966 Third city 1797 Mangin-goerck PlAn 1969 The contiNuous MonumEnT, New York city ExTrusion 1986 Public ARt Fund Messages to the PUblic 1900 NeW york city, AS it wilL Be in 1999. -
The Backbone of the Metropolis How the Development of Rapid Transit Determined the Becoming of the New York City Metropolis
The Backbone of the Metropolis How the development of rapid transit determined the becoming of the New York City Metropolis. History Thesis By: Pieter Schreurs Student number: 1090526 Email: [email protected] Telephone: 31(0)6-21256096 Tutor: Prof.Dr. Franziska Bollerey Date: July 2008 Cover image: “The Subway”, by George Tooker 1950, Egg tempera on composition board, Collection of Whitney Museum of American Art Source: “Subway City; Riding the trains, reading New York”; Brooks, 1997 The Backbone of the Metropolis How the development of rapid transit determined the becoming of the New York City Metropolis. History Thesis By: Pieter Schreurs Student number: 1090526 Email: [email protected] Telephone: 31(0)6-21256096 Tutor: Prof.Dr. Franziska Bollerey Date: July 2008 Image 1: The Network of Parkways. In the 1920s and 30s Robert Moses developed and intricate network of park ways around New York City. These were designed for the Joy of driving. Source: “The Power Broker”; Caro, 1975 4 Introduction Grade separated urban rapid transit and the metropolis: knowledge of what is in between this location and the previous one. users underground and re-emerge them to completely different parts of the city, without According to James Crawford, “…Transport technology has always affected both the growth and form of cities, and each new transport mode has left its stamp on urban form. When a New York, New York: new model is adopted, existing urban areas are forced into new uses and ever new forms and new development is arranged in accordance with the demands and capabilities of the In researching the development of rapid transit systems in relation to the development new mode...“ (Crawford, 2000, p. -
Metrocard Merchants Manual
Merchant MetroCard Sales Manual April 2019 ¯˘ MetroCard increases customer traffic to your store. MetroCard Merchant Sales Manual Welcome The rules and procedures governing: • selling • ordering • promotions • payment • delivery • questions • returns Periodic updates will be provided. 3 Selling MetroCard • We will provide you with free advertising materials to display in the front door or window of your business. Additional free promotional materials such as the MTA New York City Subway map and MetroCard menus are available upon request. For your convenience MetroCard menus are currently available in the following languages: English, Spanish, Russian, Creole, Chinese and Korean. • MetroCard customers are MTA New York City Transit customers and should be treated courteously. • MetroCard must be available for sale during all hours and days that your business is open. Merchants must not require customers to purchase other items in order to purchase MetroCard. • MetroCard must not be removed from individual wrappers prior to sale. A customer may refuse to buy any MetroCard with an open or damaged wrapper. • MetroCard may not be sold for more than face value or the dollar value listed on the wrapper. • Merchants are not permitted to charge fees or premiums, including the $1.00 NEW card fee. • MetroCard should not be sold within 30 days of the expiration date printed on the back of the card. • To return a supply of current MetroCard for credit, see return procedure beginning on page 12 or call the MetroCard Merchant Service Center at 888-345-3882. • NYC Transit reserves the right to limit the number of MetroCards sold to a merchant. -
ST. CLAIR TUNNEL HAER No. MI-67 (St
ST. CLAIR TUNNEL HAER No. MI-67 (St. Clair River Tunnel) Under the St. Clair River, between Port Huron, HA^l: f> . Michigan, and Sarnia, Canada ih \ .~~; (~ ; Port Huron ' '*■ • ''-•■- H ■ St. Clair County *7U^--fQH\jt Michigan ''/[ • PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD National Park Service Northeast Region U.S. Custom House 200 Chestnut Street Philadelphia, PA 19106 # HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD ST. CLAIR TUNNEL (St. Clair River Tunnel) HAER No. MI-67 Location: Under the St. Clair River, between Port Huron, Michigan, and Sarnia, Canada TJTM: A: 17.382520.4757260 C: 17.385690.4756920 B: 17.382470.47 57150 D: 17.385650.4756S20 Quad: Port Huron, MI, 1; 2 4,0 0 0 Dates of Construction: 1888-1891; 1907-1908; 1958 Engineer: Joseph Hobson and others Present Owner: St Clair Tunnel Company, 1333 Brewery Park Boulevard, Detroit, Michigan 48207-9998 Present Use; Railroad tunnel Significance: The St. Clair Tunnel was the first full- sized subaqueous tunnel built in North America. Joseph Hobson, the Chief Engineer, successfully combined three significant new technologies—a tunnel shield driven by hydraulic rams; a cast iron tunnel lining; and the use of a compressed air environment. This tunnel eliminated a major bottleneck in the rail transportation system linking the American midwest with its eastern markets. Project Information; This documentation is the result of a Memorandum of Agreement, among the Michigan State Historic Preservation Office, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, the Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers, Detroit District and the Canadian National North America Railroad as a mitigative measure before the closing of the tunnel. -
From Museums to Film Studios, the Creative Sector Is One of New York City’S Most Important Economic Assets
CREATIVE NEW YORK From museums to film studios, the creative sector is one of New York City’s most important economic assets. But the city’s working artists, nonprofit arts groups and for-profit creative firms face a growing number of challenges. June 2015 www.nycfuture.org CREATIVE NEW YORK Written by Adam Forman and edited by David Giles, Jon- CONTENTS athan Bowles and Gail Robinson. Additional research support from from Xiaomeng Li, Travis Palladino, Nicho- las Schafran, Ryan MacLeod, Chirag Bhatt, Amanda INTRODUCTION 3 Gold and Martin Yim. Cover photo by Ari Moore. Cover design by Amy ParKer. Interior design by Ahmad Dowla. A DECADE OF CHANGE 17 Neighborhood changes, rising rents and technology spark This report was made possible by generous support anxiety and excitement from New York Community Trust, Robert Sterling Clark Foundation, Laurie M. Tisch Illumination Fund, Rock- SOURCES OF STRENGTH 27 efeller Brothers Fund and Edelman. Talent, money and media make New York a global creative capital CENTER FOR AN URBAN FUTURE CREATIVE VOICES FROM AROUND THE WORLD 33 120 Wall St., Fl. 20 New YorK, NY 10005 Immigrants enrich New York’s creative sector www.nycfuture.org THE AFFORDABILITY CRISIS 36 Center for an Urban Future is a results-oriented New Exorbitant rents, a shortage of space and high costs York City-based think tank that shines a light on the most critical challenges and opportunities facing New ADDITIONAL CHALLENGES 36 YorK, with a focus on expanding economic opportunity, New York City’s chief barriers to variety and diversity creating jobs and improving the lives of New York’s most vulnerable residents. -
Lightsmonday, out February 10, 2020 Photo by Teresa Mettela 50¢ 57,000 Queensqueensqueens Residents Lose Power Volumevolume 65, 65, No
VolumeVol.Volume 66, No. 65,65, 80 No.No. 207207 MONDAY,MONDAY,THURSDAY, FEBRUARYFEBRUARY AUGUST 6,10,10, 2020 20202020 50¢ A tree fell across wires in Queens Village, knocking out power and upending a chunk of sidewalk. VolumeQUEENSQUEENS 65, No. 207 LIGHTSMONDAY, OUT FEBRUARY 10, 2020 Photo by Teresa Mettela 50¢ 57,000 QueensQueensQueens residents lose power VolumeVolume 65, 65, No. No. 207 207 MONDAY,MONDAY, FEBRUARY FEBRUARY 10, 10, 2020 2020 50¢50¢ VolumeVol.VolumeVol.VolumeVol. 66, 66,66, No.65, No. No.65,65, 80No. 80 85No.No. 207 207207 MONDAY,THURSDAY,MONDAY,MONDAY,MONDAY,THURSDAY,THURSDAY,THURSDAY, FEBRUARY FEBRUARYFEBRUARYFEBRUARY AUGUST AUGUST AUGUSTAUGUST 6,10, 13, 6,10, 6, 10,10,2020 202020202020 20202020 50¢50¢50¢ Volume 65, No. 207 MONDAY, FEBRUARY 10, 2020 50¢ VolumeVol.TODAY 66, No.65, 80No. 207 MONDAY,THURSDAY, FEBRUARY AUGUST 6,10, 2020 2020 A tree fell across wires in50¢ TODAY AA tree tree fell fell across across wires wires in in TODAY QueensQueensQueens Village, Village, Village, knocking knocking knocking Moratoriumoutoutout power power power and and and upending upending upending A treeaa chunk a chunkfell chunk across of of ofsidewalk. sidewalk. sidewalk.wires in VolumeVolumeVolumeQUEENSQUEENSQUEENSQUEENS 65, 65, No. No. 207 207 LIGHTSLIGHTSduring intenseMONDAY,MONDAY,MONDAY, OUT OUTOUT FEBRUARY FEBRUARYFEBRUARY 10, 10,10, 2020 20202020 QueensPhotoPhoto PhotoVillage, by by Teresaby Teresa Teresa knocking Mettela Mettela Mettela 50¢50¢50¢ QUEENS out power and upending 57,00057,000 Queens QueensQueensQueensQueensQueensQueensQueens -
Underground Music: Bottom-Up Culture for New York City Understanding the Value of Music Performances in Subway Stations
Underground Music: Bottom-up Culture for New York City Understanding the Value of Music Performances in Subway Stations Course: Markets, Design & the City | Professor: Alain Bertaud | Student: Francisca Benitez | Spring 2017 INTRODUCTION On May 4, 2015, the world-renowned band U2 performed in disguised in one of New York City’s subway stations. After gathering a small crowd and some looks for a couple of minutes, they got off their buskers’ costumes and played for approximately forty people. That same year, the band was in third place in the list of highest-grossing tours of 2015, with their Innocence + Experience World Tour taking in $133.6 million (Forbes, 2016). The thirty-six shows in North America were sold out, with an average ticket price of $117. That day on Grand Central Subway, people could see them for the price of a subway ride. As U2 did that time, there are many musicians that busk daily in NYC subway stops to reach a big and diverse audience. They do it as their main source of income, for practice and/or for promotional reasons. With an average weekday ridership of 5,650,610 passengers in 2015 (MTA, 2016), subway stations have one of the biggest audiences in the world (as a reference, the 36 shows in U2’s North American tour accounted for 650,682 tickets sold). According to the Center for an Urban Future, one of New York City’s main comparative advantages is its cultural sector. That being said, its cultural assets are unequally distributed across the city and concentrated in its most affluent neighborhoods. -
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~~~ T,' H".I,mT.I-Ii'.N ij .'j~:i¡;'ii ,@ (i; ~~~ T. ¡'"H." "l,m.T. ..'......E...~ rN' WLIW:~ì. ; i\ 'j; v NET.ORG is a House of Ideas. A luminous destination in the media landscape. From the streets and neighborhoods of New York City to the far reaches of AmericaJ this vibrant institution invites people to see in new ways, to be touched by creativity and inspiration, to revel in discovery and wonder. Built on a mission to educate, celebrate, innovateJ and inspire, this House of Ideas promotes a vision of people more deeply connected to the world around them. During 2008-09, WNET.ORG harnessed the highest potential of public media in pursuit of its mission. Through its array of broadcast and online outlets, it reported the news of the day. opened channels of dialogue on critical issues facing American citizensJ showcased the artists that define the pinnacle of cultural expression in our timeJ and made opportunities for lifelong learning available to all. All that WNET.ORG undertakes is made possible by the generous support of individuals and organizations that believe in our mission. In this reportJ we look back at some of the highlights from the House of Ideas during the year 2008-09. Here, we also recognize the vital contributions of those supporters who have empowered our unique vision. Thanks to their commitment, our mission-driven media continues to touch the minds and hearts of millions every day. z o ~INSPIRE -~ PEOPLE OF ALL AGES AND WALKS OF LIFE WITH MEDIA THAT IS , POWERFUL, RESONANT AND UNIQUE. -
Division Overview
DIVISION OVERVIEW As an integral part of New York City's Department of Transportation, the Division of Bridges has a two-fold mission: to maintain an optimal transportation network by ensuring smooth mobility on the city's bridges, and to ensure the safety of the public. The New York City Department of Transportation’s Division of Bridges is comprised of five major bureaus. The Chief Bridge Officer is responsible for formulating policy and providing executive direction. He oversees all aspects of the design, construction, rehabilitation and reconstruction, maintenance, operation and administration of the 787 bridges (including 5 tunnels), and 61 culverts presently under the jurisdiction of the New York City Department of Transportation (NYCDOT). In addition to broad supervision, the Chief Bridge Officer also provides overall executive and administrative direction for the Division of Bridges, and ensures that all contractors are promptly paid. Reporting to the Chief Bridge Officer, the Community Affairs Unit maintains liaison with elected officials, community boards, community groups, and civic/neighborhood associations. The Unit takes a pro-active approach in addressing design issues, roadway closures, and detours by reaching out to communities prior to the onset of construction. This enables the Division to proceed with its rehabilitation program with community input, and allows the Agency and its contractors to co-exist in a more harmonious manner with the community surrounding the project. Issues and problems of concern to the communities