Anti-Aging Compound Library (96-Well)
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PI3K Inhibitors in Cancer: Clinical Implications and Adverse Effects
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Review PI3K Inhibitors in Cancer: Clinical Implications and Adverse Effects Rosalin Mishra , Hima Patel, Samar Alanazi , Mary Kate Kilroy and Joan T. Garrett * Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0514, USA; [email protected] (R.M.); [email protected] (H.P.); [email protected] (S.A.); [email protected] (M.K.K.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-513-558-0741; Fax: +1-513-558-4372 Abstract: The phospatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) pathway is a crucial intracellular signaling pathway which is mutated or amplified in a wide variety of cancers including breast, gastric, ovarian, colorectal, prostate, glioblastoma and endometrial cancers. PI3K signaling plays an important role in cancer cell survival, angiogenesis and metastasis, making it a promising therapeutic target. There are several ongoing and completed clinical trials involving PI3K inhibitors (pan, isoform-specific and dual PI3K/mTOR) with the goal to find efficient PI3K inhibitors that could overcome resistance to current therapies. This review focuses on the current landscape of various PI3K inhibitors either as monotherapy or in combination therapies and the treatment outcomes involved in various phases of clinical trials in different cancer types. There is a discussion of the drug-related toxicities, challenges associated with these PI3K inhibitors and the adverse events leading to treatment failure. In addition, novel PI3K drugs that have potential to be translated in the clinic are highlighted. Keywords: cancer; PIK3CA; resistance; PI3K inhibitors Citation: Mishra, R.; Patel, H.; Alanazi, S.; Kilroy, M.K.; Garrett, J.T. -
Structure-Activity Relationships for Bergenin Analogues As Β-Secretase
Journal of Oleo Science Copyright ©2013 by Japan Oil Chemists’ Society J. Oleo Sci. 62, (6) 391-401 (2013) Structure-activity Relationships for Bergenin Analogues as β-Secretase (BACE1) Inhibitors Yusei Kashima and Mitsuo Miyazawa* Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University (3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashiosaka-shi, Osaka 577-8502, JAPAN) Abstract: Here we evaluated the inhibitory effects of bergenin analogues (2-10), prepared from naturally occurring bergenin, (1) on β-secretase (BACE1) activity. All the bergenin analogues that were analyzed inhibited BACE1 in a dose-dependent manner. 11-O-protocatechuoylbergenin (5) was the most potent inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 0.6 ± 0.07 mM. The other bergenin analogues, in particular, 11-O-3′,4′- dimethoxybenzoyl)-bergenin (6), 11-O-vanilloylbergenin (7), and 11-O-isovanilloylbergenin (8), inhibited BACE1 activity with IC50 values of <10.0 mM. BACE1 inhibitory activity was influenced by the substituents of the benzoic acid moiety. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the structure-activity relationships (SAR) in the BACE1 inhibitory activities of bergenin analogues. These bergenin analogues may be useful in studying the mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease. Key words: bergenin, bergenin analogues, β-secretase, antioxidant activity, structure-activity relationships 1 INTRODUCTION in adult mice was without any significant effect on brain Alzheimer’s diseas(e AD)is a neurodegenerative disorder, neuregulin processing9), indicating that BACE1 inhibitors with symptoms such as memory loss and disruption in could be established as therapeutic targets for AD. judging, reasoning, and emotional stability. AD is pathologi- Oxidative stress also a cause of AD has been proposed to cally characterized by the accumulation of senile plaques, contribute to Aβ generation and the formation of NFT10). -
In Vitro Testicular Toxicity Models : Opportunities for Advancement Via Biomedical Engineering Techniques
Erschienen in: Alternatives to Animal Experimentation : ALTEX ; 30 (2013), 3. - S. 353-377 http://dx.doi.org/10.14573/altex.2013.3.353 t4 Report* In Vitro Testicular Toxicity Models: Opportunities for Advancement via Biomedical Engineering Techniques Louise Parks Saldutti 1, Bruce K. Beyer 2, William Breslin 3, Terry R. Brown 4, Robert E. Chapin 5, Sarah Campion 5, Brian Enright 6, Elaine Faustman 7, Paul M. D. Foster 8, Thomas Hartung 9, William Kelce 10, James H. Kim 11, Elizabeth G. Loboa 12, Aldert H. Piersma 13, David Seyler 14, Katie J. Turner 15, Hanry Yu 16, Xiaozhong Yu 17, and Jennifer C. Sasaki 18 1 2 Department of Development & Reproduction, Merck & Co., West Point, PA, USA; Department of Disposition, Safety 3 and Animal Research – Preclinical Safety, Sanofi U.S. Inc., Bridgewater, NJ, USA; Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Research 4 Laboratories, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of 5 Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Pfizer Inc., Global R&D, Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Group, Groton, 7 CT, USA; 6AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA; University of Washington, Department of Environmental and Occupational 8 Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Analysis and Risk Communication, Seattle, WA, USA; National Toxicology Program, National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9 Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for -
Upregulation of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Α And
Upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and the lipid metabolism pathway promotes carcinogenesis of ampullary cancer Chih-Yang Wang, Ying-Jui Chao, Yi-Ling Chen, Tzu-Wen Wang, Nam Nhut Phan, Hui-Ping Hsu, Yan-Shen Shan, Ming-Derg Lai 1 Supplementary Table 1. Demographics and clinical outcomes of five patients with ampullary cancer Time of Tumor Time to Age Differentia survival/ Sex Staging size Morphology Recurrence recurrence Condition (years) tion expired (cm) (months) (months) T2N0, 51 F 211 Polypoid Unknown No -- Survived 193 stage Ib T2N0, 2.41.5 58 F Mixed Good Yes 14 Expired 17 stage Ib 0.6 T3N0, 4.53.5 68 M Polypoid Good No -- Survived 162 stage IIA 1.2 T3N0, 66 M 110.8 Ulcerative Good Yes 64 Expired 227 stage IIA T3N0, 60 M 21.81 Mixed Moderate Yes 5.6 Expired 16.7 stage IIA 2 Supplementary Table 2. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of an ampullary cancer microarray using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). This table contains only pathways with p values that ranged 0.0001~0.05. KEGG Pathway p value Genes Pentose and 1.50E-04 UGT1A6, CRYL1, UGT1A8, AKR1B1, UGT2B11, UGT2A3, glucuronate UGT2B10, UGT2B7, XYLB interconversions Drug metabolism 1.63E-04 CYP3A4, XDH, UGT1A6, CYP3A5, CES2, CYP3A7, UGT1A8, NAT2, UGT2B11, DPYD, UGT2A3, UGT2B10, UGT2B7 Maturity-onset 2.43E-04 HNF1A, HNF4A, SLC2A2, PKLR, NEUROD1, HNF4G, diabetes of the PDX1, NR5A2, NKX2-2 young Starch and sucrose 6.03E-04 GBA3, UGT1A6, G6PC, UGT1A8, ENPP3, MGAM, SI, metabolism -
Yangonin Blocks Tumor Necrosis Factor-Α–Induced Nuclear Factor-Κb–Dependent Transcription by Inhibiting the Transactivation Potential of the Rela/P65 Subunit
J Pharmacol Sci 118, 447 – 454 (2012) Journal of Pharmacological Sciences © The Japanese Pharmacological Society Full Paper Yangonin Blocks Tumor Necrosis Factor-α–Induced Nuclear Factor-κB–Dependent Transcription by Inhibiting the Transactivation Potential of the RelA/p65 Subunit Juan Ma1,†, He Liang1,†, Hong Ri Jin2, Nguyen Tien Dat3, Shan Yu Zhang1, Ying Zi Jiang1, Ji Xing Nan1, Donghao Li1, Xue Wu1, Jung Joon Lee1,2,*a, and Xuejun Jin1,*b 1Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Yanbian University, Ministry of Education, Yanji Jilin 133002, China 2Center for Molecular Cancer Research, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Chungbuk 363-883, Republic of Korea 3Institute of Marine Biochemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam Received November 13, 2011; Accepted January 23, 2012 Abstract. The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription factors control many physiological pro- cesses including inflammation, immunity, and apoptosis. In our search for NF-κB inhibitors from natural resources, we identified yangonin from Piper methysticum as an inhibitor of NF-κB activa- tion. In the present study, we demonstrate that yangonin potently inhibits NF-κB activation through suppression of the transcriptional activity of the RelA/p65 subunit of NF-κB. This compound sig- nificantly inhibited the induced expression of the NF-κB-reporter gene. However, this compound did not interfere with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced inhibitor of κBα (IκBα) degrada- tion, p65 nuclear translocation, and DNA-binding activity of NF-κB. Further analysis revealed that yangonin inhibited not only the induced NF-κB activation by overexpression of RelA/p65, but also transactivation activity of RelA/p65. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2006/0110428A1 De Juan Et Al
US 200601 10428A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2006/0110428A1 de Juan et al. (43) Pub. Date: May 25, 2006 (54) METHODS AND DEVICES FOR THE Publication Classification TREATMENT OF OCULAR CONDITIONS (51) Int. Cl. (76) Inventors: Eugene de Juan, LaCanada, CA (US); A6F 2/00 (2006.01) Signe E. Varner, Los Angeles, CA (52) U.S. Cl. .............................................................. 424/427 (US); Laurie R. Lawin, New Brighton, MN (US) (57) ABSTRACT Correspondence Address: Featured is a method for instilling one or more bioactive SCOTT PRIBNOW agents into ocular tissue within an eye of a patient for the Kagan Binder, PLLC treatment of an ocular condition, the method comprising Suite 200 concurrently using at least two of the following bioactive 221 Main Street North agent delivery methods (A)-(C): Stillwater, MN 55082 (US) (A) implanting a Sustained release delivery device com (21) Appl. No.: 11/175,850 prising one or more bioactive agents in a posterior region of the eye so that it delivers the one or more (22) Filed: Jul. 5, 2005 bioactive agents into the vitreous humor of the eye; (B) instilling (e.g., injecting or implanting) one or more Related U.S. Application Data bioactive agents Subretinally; and (60) Provisional application No. 60/585,236, filed on Jul. (C) instilling (e.g., injecting or delivering by ocular ion 2, 2004. Provisional application No. 60/669,701, filed tophoresis) one or more bioactive agents into the Vit on Apr. 8, 2005. reous humor of the eye. Patent Application Publication May 25, 2006 Sheet 1 of 22 US 2006/0110428A1 R 2 2 C.6 Fig. -
Herbal Insomnia Medications That Target Gabaergic Systems: a Review of the Psychopharmacological Evidence
Send Orders for Reprints to [email protected] Current Neuropharmacology, 2014, 12, 000-000 1 Herbal Insomnia Medications that Target GABAergic Systems: A Review of the Psychopharmacological Evidence Yuan Shia, Jing-Wen Donga, Jiang-He Zhaob, Li-Na Tanga and Jian-Jun Zhanga,* aState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China; bDepartment of Pharmacology, School of Marine, Shandong University, Weihai, P.R. China Abstract: Insomnia is a common sleep disorder which is prevalent in women and the elderly. Current insomnia drugs mainly target the -aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, melatonin receptor, histamine receptor, orexin, and serotonin receptor. GABAA receptor modulators are ordinarily used to manage insomnia, but they are known to affect sleep maintenance, including residual effects, tolerance, and dependence. In an effort to discover new drugs that relieve insomnia symptoms while avoiding side effects, numerous studies focusing on the neurotransmitter GABA and herbal medicines have been conducted. Traditional herbal medicines, such as Piper methysticum and the seed of Zizyphus jujuba Mill var. spinosa, have been widely reported to improve sleep and other mental disorders. These herbal medicines have been applied for many years in folk medicine, and extracts of these medicines have been used to study their pharmacological actions and mechanisms. Although effective and relatively safe, natural plant products have some side effects, such as hepatotoxicity and skin reactions effects of Piper methysticum. In addition, there are insufficient evidences to certify the safety of most traditional herbal medicine. In this review, we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding a variety of natural plant products that are commonly used to treat insomnia to facilitate future studies. -
SERS and MD Simulation Studies of a Kinase Inhibitor Demonstrate the Emergence of a Potential Drug Discovery Tool
SERS and MD simulation studies of a kinase inhibitor demonstrate the emergence of a potential drug discovery tool Dhanasekaran Karthigeyana,1, Soumik Siddhantab,1, Annavarapu Hari Kishorec,1, Sathya S. R. R. Perumald, Hans Ågrend, Surabhi Sudevana, Akshay V. Bhata, Karanam Balasubramanyama, Rangappa Kanchugarakoppal Subbegowdac,2, Tapas K. Kundua,2, and Chandrabhas Narayanab,2 aTranscription and Disease Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, bLight Scattering Laboratory, Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India; cDepartment of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India; and dDepartment of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Biotechnology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken 15, SE-114 21 Stockholm, Sweden Edited by Michael L. Klein, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, and approved May 30, 2014 (received for review February 18, 2014) We demonstrate the use of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy be screened for therapeutic applications. This paper provides a (SERS) as an excellent tool for identifying the binding site of small prelude to this development. This finding also facilitates the molecules on a therapeutically important protein. As an example, developing field of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for im- we show the specific binding of the common antihypertension aging the small molecule interactions for in vitro and in vivo drug felodipine to the oncogenic Aurora A kinase protein via applications. A completely developed SERS–MD simulation hydrogen bonding interactions with Tyr-212 residue to specifically combination with adequate help from the structure of the pro- inhibit its activity. Based on SERS studies, molecular docking, tein may help converge potential small molecules for therapeutic molecular dynamics simulation, biochemical assays, and point applications and reduce the time for drug discovery. -
Santhera Announces Publication of Long-Term Clinical Data with Vamorolone in Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Santhera Announces Publication of Long-Term Clinical Data with Vamorolone in Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Pratteln, Switzerland, September 22, 2020 – Santhera Pharmaceuticals (SIX: SANN) announces that partner ReveraGen Biopharma Inc. and their academic collaborators have published new open-label, long-term clinical data on the safety, tolerability and efficacy of vamorolone in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). These 18-month treatment data extend previously published 24-week treatment data, and show a reduction of corticosteroid-specific side effects and sustained efficacy with vamorolone including clinical improvement through the 18-month follow-up period. This publication in the journal PLOS Medicine [1] provides peer-reviewed and detailed open-label data in patients with DMD treated for 18 months with vamorolone. A multi-center, open-label, 24-week trial (VBP15-003; [2, 3]) with a total 24-month long-term extension (VBP15-LTE; [4]) was conducted by the Cooperative International Neuromuscular Research Group (CINRG) and evaluated drug-related effects of vamorolone on motor outcomes and corticosteroid-associated safety concerns. This publication covers the 24-week Phase 2a trial (VBP15-003) and the first 12 months of the open-label extension trial (VBP15- LTE) adding up to a total treatment period of 18 months. “This long-term study showed significant continued clinical improvement of all outcomes measured over an 18-month follow-up period,” said Edward C. Smith, MD, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham (North Carolina, USA), clinical investigator and lead-author of the publication. “Treatment-related efficacy responses with vamorolone were similar to those seen in an external control group with corticosteroid-treated patients. -
NINDS Custom Collection II
ACACETIN ACEBUTOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ACECLIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE ACEMETACIN ACETAMINOPHEN ACETAMINOSALOL ACETANILIDE ACETARSOL ACETAZOLAMIDE ACETOHYDROXAMIC ACID ACETRIAZOIC ACID ACETYL TYROSINE ETHYL ESTER ACETYLCARNITINE ACETYLCHOLINE ACETYLCYSTEINE ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE ACETYLGLUTAMIC ACID ACETYL-L-LEUCINE ACETYLPHENYLALANINE ACETYLSEROTONIN ACETYLTRYPTOPHAN ACEXAMIC ACID ACIVICIN ACLACINOMYCIN A1 ACONITINE ACRIFLAVINIUM HYDROCHLORIDE ACRISORCIN ACTINONIN ACYCLOVIR ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE ADENOSINE ADRENALINE BITARTRATE AESCULIN AJMALINE AKLAVINE HYDROCHLORIDE ALANYL-dl-LEUCINE ALANYL-dl-PHENYLALANINE ALAPROCLATE ALBENDAZOLE ALBUTEROL ALEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE ALLANTOIN ALLOPURINOL ALMOTRIPTAN ALOIN ALPRENOLOL ALTRETAMINE ALVERINE CITRATE AMANTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMBROXOL HYDROCHLORIDE AMCINONIDE AMIKACIN SULFATE AMILORIDE HYDROCHLORIDE 3-AMINOBENZAMIDE gamma-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID AMINOCAPROIC ACID N- (2-AMINOETHYL)-4-CHLOROBENZAMIDE (RO-16-6491) AMINOGLUTETHIMIDE AMINOHIPPURIC ACID AMINOHYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID AMINOLEVULINIC ACID HYDROCHLORIDE AMINOPHENAZONE 3-AMINOPROPANESULPHONIC ACID AMINOPYRIDINE 9-AMINO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROACRIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMINOTHIAZOLE AMIODARONE HYDROCHLORIDE AMIPRILOSE AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMLODIPINE BESYLATE AMODIAQUINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE AMOXEPINE AMOXICILLIN AMPICILLIN SODIUM AMPROLIUM AMRINONE AMYGDALIN ANABASAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANABASINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANCITABINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANDROSTERONE SODIUM SULFATE ANIRACETAM ANISINDIONE ANISODAMINE ANISOMYCIN ANTAZOLINE PHOSPHATE ANTHRALIN ANTIMYCIN A (A1 shown) ANTIPYRINE APHYLLIC -
Immunotherapy in Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Predictors of Response, Efficacy, Safety, and Mechanisms of Resistance
biomedicines Review Immunotherapy in Adrenocortical Carcinoma: Predictors of Response, Efficacy, Safety, and Mechanisms of Resistance Marta Araujo-Castro 1,* , Eider Pascual-Corrales 1 , Javier Molina-Cerrillo 2 and Teresa Alonso-Gordoa 2 1 Neuroendocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] 2 Medical Oncology Department, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] (J.M.-C.); [email protected] (T.A.-G.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with limited treatment options in the advanced stages. Immunotherapy offers hope for altering the orthodox management of cancer, and its role in advanced ACC has been investigated in different studies. With the aim clarifying the role of immunotherapy in ACC we performed a comprehensive review about this topic focusing on the predictors of response, efficacy, safety, and the mechanisms of resistance. Five clinical trials with four immune checkpoint inhibitors (pembrolizumab, avelumab, nivolumab, and ipilimumab) have investigated the role of immunotherapy in advanced ACC. Despite, the different primary endpoints used in these studies, the reported rates of overall response rate and progression free survival were generally poor. Three main potential markers of response to immunotherapy Citation: Araujo-Castro, M.; in ACC have been described: Expression of PD-1 and PD-L1, microsatellite instability and tumor Pascual-Corrales, E.; Molina-Cerrillo, mutational burden. However, none of them has been validated in prospective studies. Several J.; Alonso-Gordoa, T. -
Classification Decisions Taken by the Harmonized System Committee from the 47Th to 60Th Sessions (2011
CLASSIFICATION DECISIONS TAKEN BY THE HARMONIZED SYSTEM COMMITTEE FROM THE 47TH TO 60TH SESSIONS (2011 - 2018) WORLD CUSTOMS ORGANIZATION Rue du Marché 30 B-1210 Brussels Belgium November 2011 Copyright © 2011 World Customs Organization. All rights reserved. Requests and inquiries concerning translation, reproduction and adaptation rights should be addressed to [email protected]. D/2011/0448/25 The following list contains the classification decisions (other than those subject to a reservation) taken by the Harmonized System Committee ( 47th Session – March 2011) on specific products, together with their related Harmonized System code numbers and, in certain cases, the classification rationale. Advice Parties seeking to import or export merchandise covered by a decision are advised to verify the implementation of the decision by the importing or exporting country, as the case may be. HS codes Classification No Product description Classification considered rationale 1. Preparation, in the form of a powder, consisting of 92 % sugar, 6 % 2106.90 GRIs 1 and 6 black currant powder, anticaking agent, citric acid and black currant flavouring, put up for retail sale in 32-gram sachets, intended to be consumed as a beverage after mixing with hot water. 2. Vanutide cridificar (INN List 100). 3002.20 3. Certain INN products. Chapters 28, 29 (See “INN List 101” at the end of this publication.) and 30 4. Certain INN products. Chapters 13, 29 (See “INN List 102” at the end of this publication.) and 30 5. Certain INN products. Chapters 28, 29, (See “INN List 103” at the end of this publication.) 30, 35 and 39 6. Re-classification of INN products.