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Encyclopedic Dictionary of Named Processes in Chemical Technology, Fourth Edition Provides a Single-Source Reference on an Extensive Array of Named Processes

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Encyclopedic Dictionary of Named Processes in Chemical Technology, Fourth Edition Provides a Single-Source Reference on an Extensive Array of Named Processes Chemical Engineering While overviews of the chemical technology industry are present in other books, most of the names defined within this volume are unique to this compilation. This reference includes named processes in current commercial ENCYCLOPEDIC use around the world, processes that have been or are being piloted on a substantial scale, and even DICTIONARY OF obsolete processes that have been important in the past. The length of the dictionary entries reflects their importance and topicality. The text includes NAMED PROCESSES references that document the origins of the processes and review the Since the third edition of this reference was latest developments. Written by a completed, there have been major changes in the highly experienced and respected global chemical industry. With less emphasis on author, this user-friendly text is new processes for making basic chemicals and IN presented in a practical dictionary CHEMICAL more emphasis on pollution prevention and waste format that is useful for a disposal, petrochemical processes are giving way broad audience including industrial to biochemical processes. These changes are chemists and engineers. reflected in the new processes being developed, many of which have their own names. In addition, niche improvements are still being made TECHNOLOGY in petrochemistry, and some of these processes have new names as well. FOURTH EDITION Gathering and defining a large portion of special named processes that may fall outside standard chemical texts or be scattered among industry manuals, Encyclopedic Dictionary of Named Processes in Chemical Technology, Fourth Edition provides a single-source reference on an extensive array of named processes. It provides concise descriptions of those processes in chemical technology that are known by special names that are not self-explanatory. K16356 ISBN-13: 978-1-4665-6776-4 9 0 0 0 0 Alan E. Comyns 9 781466 567764 K16356_Cover_mech.indd All Pages 1/13/14 3:37 PM Joseph Stella, By-Products Plants, 1923/26, Oil on canvas, 61 × 61 cm (24 × 24 in.), Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Noah Goldowsky in memory of Esther Goldowsky, 1955.816, The Art Institute of Chicago. Photography © The Art Institute of Chicago. Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business The author wishes to thank Kevin Craig (CRC Press) for designing the cover for the 2nd edition, which was used also, in different colors, in the 3rd and 4th editions. He had been inspired by Joseph Stella’s painting which had been proposed, but not accepted, as the frontispiece for the 1st edition, and is now printed in this edition. Previous editions 1. Dictionary of Named Processes in Chemical Technology, 1993. By Alan E. Comyns. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK. ISBN 0-19-855385-4 2. Encyclopedic Dictionary of Named Processes in Chemical Technology, 1999. By Alan E. Comyns. 2nd edn., CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA. ISBN 0-8493-1205-1 3. Encyclopedic Dictionary of Named Processes in Chemical Technology, 2007. By Alan E. Comyns. Foreword by Colin A. Russell. 3rd edn., Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, FL, USA. ISBN 978-0-8493-9163-7 CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2014 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20140115 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4665-6777-1 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the valid- ity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or uti- lized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopy- ing, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright.com (http:// www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com Dedicated to the generations of industrial chemists and engineers whose ingenuity has given us the materials of civilization. © 2010 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Contents Foreword ...........................................................................................................................................ix Acknowledgments .............................................................................................................................xi Introduction .................................................................................................................................... xiii Author ............................................................................................................................................xvii A .........................................................................................................................................................1 B ....................................................................................................................................................... 31 C ....................................................................................................................................................... 53 D .......................................................................................................................................................93 E ..................................................................................................................................................... 111 F .....................................................................................................................................................125 G .................................................................................................................................................... 137 H .................................................................................................................................................... 147 I ...................................................................................................................................................... 175 J ..................................................................................................................................................... 185 K .................................................................................................................................................... 187 L ..................................................................................................................................................... 199 M .................................................................................................................................................... 211 N .....................................................................................................................................................237 vii © 2010 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC viii Contents O ....................................................................................................................................................247 P .....................................................................................................................................................259 Q ....................................................................................................................................................283 R .....................................................................................................................................................285 S .....................................................................................................................................................299 T ..................................................................................................................................................... 341 U ..................................................................................................................................................... 357 V .....................................................................................................................................................363 W ...................................................................................................................................................369
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