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A Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization of Photothermal Therapy on Cancer

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A Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization of Photothermal Therapy on Cancer 1215 Original Article A bibliometric analysis and visualization of photothermal therapy on cancer Xiaoyan Wang1#, Dan Li2#, Xinhe Huang3, Qi Luo4, Xue Li5, Xianqin Zhang6, Lin Zhang7,8 1Department of Pathology, Clinical Medical College and The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China; 2School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China; 3School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China; 4School of Biomedical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China; 5School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China; 6School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China; 7College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; 8Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shaoxing, China Contributions: (I) Conception and design: L Zhang; (II) Administrative support: None; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: None; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: X Wang, D Li; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: Q Luo, X Li, X Zhang; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors. #These authors contributed equally to this work. Correspondence to: Lin Zhang, PhD. Professor, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China. Email: [email protected]. Background: Cancer is one of the most lethal diseases in the world, and photothermal therapy was reported recently as a new and effective therapy for cancer. This study offers the bibliometric and visualization analysis of photothermal therapy on cancer. Methods: A record of 6,233 papers in this field from 1995 to 2019 was obtained based on the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). And CiteSpace was used to analyze the annual trends of publications, countries, institutions, journals, co-cited references, and keywords in the field of photothermal therapy on cancer. Results: We identified that the number of publications continually increased over the time. The most productive country and institution in this field was China and Chinese Academy of Sciences, respectively. The ACS Appl Mater Interfaces was the most active journal. Co-cited references analysis revealed the top landmark articles in the field. Co-occurrence keywords and their clustered network were analyzed, revealing that materials, especially nanomaterials, used in photothermal therapy, remained the hotspots in this research field. Timezone view and burst detection of keywords showed that nanomaterials were always the hotspots and the frontier topics in this field. Conclusions: The current study revealed that photothermal therapy has become a subject of growing study and a very important research area. In addition, the research of materials in photothermal therapy, especially nanomaterials, which were applied in photothermal therapy to treat cancer effectively, is the foci and the frontier topic in this field. Keywords: Photothermal therapy; cancer; CiteSpace; visualization analysis; nanomaterials Submitted Sep 29, 2020. Accepted for publication Jan 29, 2021. doi: 10.21037/tcr-20-2961 View this article at: http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tcr-20-2961 Introduction deaths of cancer, according to the International Agency for Cancer overtook heart disease and became an important Research on Cancer (IARC) estimated in 2018 (3). On the reason of death all over the world (1,2). It was estimated that other side, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are the there were 18.1 million new cancer cases and 9.6 million main ways to treat clinical cancer at present. Unfortunately, © Translational Cancer Research. All rights reserved. Transl Cancer Res 2021;10(3):1204-1215 | http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tcr-20-2961 Translational Cancer Research, Vol 10, No 3 March 2021 1205 1600 of this field. We found that the continuous advances of this 1400 field and application of novel nanomaterials would enhance 1200 Records the future development of cancer photothermal therapy. 1000 800 Methods 600 400 Data acquisition Number of publications 200 A record of 6,233 papers published between 1995 and 0 2019 from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 was obtained. The WoSCC is the most frequently used Time (year) source of scientific information. We used the term # 1 (TS= Figure 1 The annual trends of publications of photothermal “photothermal” and “cancer”) or # 2 (TS= “photothermal” therapy on cancer. and “tumor”) to search the related articles, and removed the duplicates. The final record was obtained on July 23, 2019. patients have to suffer the drawbacks of these tradition Statistical analysis treatments, such as normal cells killed, the immune system destroyed, and the risk of a second cancer increased (4-6). We used the WoSCC and CiteSpace Ⅴ 5.0R1 SE to analyze Photothermal therapy is becoming a better treatment on the annual trends of publications, countries, institutions, co- cancer due to its high targeting and effectiveness (7). Both cited articles, and keywords in cancer photothermal therapy photothermal therapeutic (PTT) agent accumulation and field (17,18). The parameters of CiteSpace were as follows: localized near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation were used time slicing [1995–2019], years per slice (1), term source (all in photothermal therapy, making its therapeutic effects selection), node type (choose one at a time), and pruning occur only at the sites of the tumor, therefore it can avoid (pathfinder, Pruning the merged network, Pruning Sliced the drawbacks of traditional treatments mentioned above. Networks). Compared with traditional techniques, photothermal therapy has many other advantages including simple Results operation, fewer complications, quicker recovery, and shorter length of stay in hospital (8). The annual trends of publications of photothermal therapy Meanwhile, nanotechnology is extensively explored on cancer for drug delivery. Nanocarrier delivery offered a great The web of science collection provided 5,866 documents opportunity to improve the bioactivity of drugs and the with topic words of “photothermal and cancer” in different biocompatibility of tumor therapy (9-11). Nanomaterials, format of publications and provided 2,033 files with the such as nanoparticles, nanoshell, and nanorods, had topic words of “photothermal and tumor”. After removing strong near-infrared absorption ability. Hence, they are the duplicates, 6,233 publications were obtained. As able to convert near-infrared laser into heat effectively shown in Figure 1, the number of published articles of by photothermal process. Recently, nanomaterials have photothermal therapy on cancer increased steadily from become the hot spot in photothermal therapy, especially in 1995 to 2010, and the number of publications increased designing new nanoparticle-drug conjugates, which produce rapidly from 2,011 onwards. From 2017 to 2018, the the photothermally activated physical and biological effects, activity of photothermal therapy on cancer reached a peak. to treat cancer effectively (12-16). In this study, the quantity and quality of global The distribution of countries and institutions publications of photothermal therapy on cancer from 1995 to 2019 were assessed with bibliometric analysis. We analyzed the distribution of countries in the research The objective of our research was to study and analyze the field of photothermal therapy on cancer. There were global scientific outputs of photothermal therapy on cancer 72 different countries ranked. Among them, the top 10 research and to estimate the research trends and hotspots countries were China, USA, South Korea, India, Singapore, © Translational Cancer Research. All rights reserved. Transl Cancer Res 2021;10(3):1204-1215 | http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tcr-20-2961 1206 Wang et al. A bibliometric and visualization analysis of PTT 4500 Iran, Japan, Italy, Spain, and England (Figure 2). The results 4000 3839 showed that china was the country with the largest number 3500 of publications in this field. 3000 Figure 3 showed the top 10 institutions among 277 2500 institutions in the world, which published the largest 2000 number of articles of photothermal therapy on cancer. 1500 1149 1000 Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Acad Sci) published 50 382 the most papers, with 609 papers, accounting for 9.63% of 158 133 132 109 96 91 76 0 the total published papers in this field. The second one was USA India Iran Italy the Soochow University with 229 publications, followed China Japan Spain England Singapore South Korea by Shanghai Jiao Tong University [174], the University Chinese Academy of Sciences [139], Jilin University Figure 2 The top 10 countries of publications of photothermal [121], Fudan University [119], Zhejiang University [106], therapy on cancer. Donghua University [102], Nanjing University [99] and Xiamen University [99]. Most interestingly, all top 10 institutes were from China, consistent with the statistical 700 analysis of national publication of photothermic therapy on 609 600 cancer. 500 400 300 229 Analysis of journals of publications of photothermal 174 200 139 121 119 106 102 99 99 therapy on cancer 100 0 A total of 112 journals published 6,233 articles of photothermal therapy on cancer. The characteristics of the Jilin Univ Fudan Univ Nanjing UnivXiamen Univ Soochow Univ Zhejiang DonghuaUniv
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