Introduction: Hispanic Heritage Month celebrates the contributions that Hispanics have made to American culture. According to the Library of Congress, eight Hispanic countries (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Mexico, Chile, and Belize) celebrate their independence in September, and their cultures and advances have greatly affected both America and the world; their music, food, ideas, politics, science, history, literature, and diversity are remarkable. Furthermore, the lives of Hispanic Americans devoted to the United States military have helped keep America a safe, secure country. We are proud to recognize Hispanic Heritage Month at MSA because we want to see all cultures represented; we want everyone to feel like they have a place in our school. Mrs. Anderson’s Sociology class has compiled research on many Hispanic figures throughout the the world and their significant impacts. Enjoy this collection! (https://www.loc.gov/law/help/commemorative-observations/hispanic-heritage. php) Marco Rubio (1971-present)
Marco Antonio Rubio was born in 1971 in Miami, Florida. After graduating in University of Florida in 1993, he studied law in the University of Miami. After he earned a law degree in 1996, he served as a term of the West Miami City Commission before getting elected in the Florida House of Representatives in 1999. He served from 2000 to 2008. Then in 2009, he went to go for US Senate.
He is a very accomplished man because he became part of the House of Representatives. He ran for U.S Senate. He was a majority leader from 2003-2006. He became speaker from 2006-2008. References McNamee, Gregory. 2020. “Marco Rubio.” by Murtaza Retrieved Oct. 1, 2020 Wani (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marco-Rubio) Carlos Juan Finlay (1833 - 1915)
Carlos J. Finlay was born on December 3rd, 1833 in Camagüey, Cuba. Finlay graduated from Jefferson Medical College, which is in Philadelphia, in 1855. He returned to Cuba with a binocular microscope and began to practice medicine. He had a great interest in communicable diseases.
Carlos J. Finlay was a man of many accomplishments. In 1881, he proposed that yellow fever was transmitted by a certain type of mosquito. When he presented this information, he was dismissed by many medical professionals. He was later found to be correct in 1900. Medical doctors from the Yellow Fever Commision, organized by the US Army, confirmed his idea. This was not the only time he had been doubted and later proved right. It also occured when he suggested that cholera was transmitted through water.
Finlay’s study of yellow fever eventually led to the eradication of yellow fever in Cuba and the areas surrounding the Panama Canal. He was nominated seven times for a Nobel Prize, but never won. He served as chief sanitation officer of Cuba from 1902 to 1909. He died on August 20, 1915 at the age of 81. Carlos Juan Finlay These slides about Carlos J. Finlay were created by Jourdon Moua. References
Berenbrok, Dorothy E. “Latin Heritage Month. Carlos Juan Finlay: Outrageous, Courageous, and Correct.” Retrieved Oct. 1,
2020. (https://jdc.jefferson.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1002&context=jeffhistoryposters).
“Carlos J. Finlay.” From Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2 October 2020
(https://www.britannica.com/biography/Carlos-J-Finlay#/media/1/207556/10683).
Faerstein, Eduardo, Warren Winkelstein Jr. “Carlos Juan Finlay: Rejected, Respected, and Right.” Retrieved Oct. 1, 2020.
(https://journals.lww.com/epidem/Fulltext/2010/01000/Carlos_Juan_Finlay__Rejected,_Respected,_and_Right. 28.aspx).
The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. “Carlos J. Finlay.” Retrieved Oct. 1, 2020
(https://www.britannica.com/biography/Carlos-J-Finlay). Luis W. Alvarez (1911-1988)
Luis W. Alvarez was born on June 13th, 1911 in San Francisco, California. His family moved to Rochester MN when he was 15. He attended Rochester High School, and planned to major in chemistry at the University of Chicago. He switched tracks to Physics after scoring Bs in Chemistry. Many people at the time discriminated against Luis and his family for being hispanic
Luis Alvarez was one of the most accomplished physicists of his time. He devised an experiment to observe an electron combining with a proton, becoming a neutron and changing the element of the substance. He discovered new properties of elements with a cyclotron, and worked on the Manhattan project for the U.S. in World War II. He also discovered methods of tracing atomic bomb projects for the U.S. He even discovered new subatomic particles and won the Nobel Peace prize. He contributed to the world in many different ways in science. References (Project by Anirudh Chari) Doug Stewart, Dec, 2014, “Luis Alvarez.” Retrieved Sep 28, 2020 (https://www.famousscientists.org/luis-alvarez/#:~:text=Early%20Life%20and%20Ed ucation,%2C%20in%20San%20Francisco%2C%20California.&text=Luis%20began%2 0his%20education%20in,family%20moved%20to%20Rochester%2C%20Minnesota.) Nobel Prize Organization, Sep, 1972, “Luis Alvarez Biographical.” Retrieved Sep 28, 2020(https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1968/alvarez/biographical/)
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, July, 1988, “Luis Alvarez American Physicist.” Retrieved Sep 28, 2020 (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Luis-Alvarez) Lin-Manuel Miranda was born on January 16, 1980 to a Puerto Rican family; he grew up in a Hispanic neighborhood in Northern Manhattan, through which the musical In the Heights was inspired. Miranda ignited his passion for the theatre when he went to his first show, Les Misérables. From then on, he grew more interested in musical theatre and rap; he attended Wesleyan University, studied musical theatre, and he journeyed to become the star of Hamilton.
Miranda is a very accomplished person and has achieved great respect from many. Miranda wrote and starred in the musical Hamilton, which has helped society view history in a more diverse way. It presents history through a different perspective, which will shape the way society views historical figures through a positive lens, but also views the flaws of the founding fathers. Besides Hamilton, Miranda has also been a part of In the Heights, Mary Poppins Returns, Moana, His Dark Materials, Placita de Güisin (a café dedicated to his grandfather), Fosse/verdon, Ducktales, Freestyle Love Supreme, Bring it On: The Musical, 21 Chump Street, and wrote the book G’Morning, G’night. Many of his projects have made him a theatre legacy that will never be forgotten; he brought the style of rap to the theatre popularly and successfully, and was able to relate to young adults, teenagers, and many children. Aside from the theatre, he has used his voice to propel awareness for Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico, which has sincerely impacted the lives of many. Because of his advocacy, more people have access to the arts in Puerto Rico and coffee crops have been revitalized, which many families depend on for their income. Through Hamilton, he has risen awareness of the immigrant population, and how they are important to society, despite what rumors people may spread. He has shown that everyone in society, especially those who have been neglected in history, Lin Manuel Miranda has a voice and can raise change, no matter their identity, race, religion, gender, or ethnicity. (1980-Present) References
Author Unknown. Publication Date Unknown. “Lin-Manuel Miranda.” Retrieved Sep. 28, 2020
(https://www.linmanuel.com/). The research and slides Delman, Edward. Sep. 29, 2015. “How Lin-Manuel Miranda Shapes History.” about Retrieved Sep. 28, 2020
(https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2015/09/lin-manuel-miranda-hamilton/408019/). Lin-Manuel Miranda were Jewell, Taylor, and Mark Kennedy. Jul. 17, 2020. “New Documentary a Look at Lin-Manuel Miranda’s ‘Supreme’ Career.”
Retrieved Sep. 30, 2020. conducted by (https://chicago.suntimes.com/entertainment-and-culture/2020/7/17/21328408/lin-manuel-mrianda-new-documenta Catherine ry-we-are-freestyle-love-supreme-hamilton-movie-hip-hop) Larson.
Murray, Lorraine. Sep. 18, 2020. “Lin-Manuel Miranda.” Retrieved Sep. 28, 2020
(https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lin-Manuel-Miranda). Rita Moreno born Dec. 11, 1931
Rita Moreno was born in 1931, at a hospital in Humacao, but raised in a smaller town called Juncos with no hospital. Her mother moved to New York in 1937, leaving her unfaithful husband and son behind. She was 11 when she saw her first movie, which In the 1950’s, is when Rita’s career skyrocketed, staring in multiple was dubbed in Spanish, and loved them. In popular movies at the time like “Father Knows Best” 1954, “The King 1945 at the age of 14, she was starring in a and I” 1956, and on the “Life Magazine”. She had to play the roles she said were “Degrading to women” but played them anyway. In the 60’s play “SkyDrift” at the Belasco theatre. and 70’s she played more roles looking at her talent, and not sexualizing her starring in Milly the Helper a kids TV show, and The Muppet Show in 1976, which she earned an Emmy award for. She also earned a Grammy, and was the first Hispanic American to earn an Oscar Academy award. Now she’s retired and living well and old. References
IMBD.com Editors 2020 “Rita Moreno Biography” Retrieved 9/28/20
https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001549/bio
Britannica.com Editors March 25,2020 “Rita Moreno actress, singer, dancer” Retrieved 10/1/2020
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rita-Moreno Diego Rivera 1886-1957 Adam Acs
Diego Rivera was a man of Mexican descent and Diego Rivera did many great things in his life that great artistic ability. He was born on December 8, were involved with his art, or that were just plain 1886, in Guanajuato Mexico with his mother, unique. For example, he spent a decade in Europe father, and twin brothers. to learn more about art and even met famous At the age of ten he really began to enjoy and artists such as Pablo Picasso. He was most pursue the arts at The San Carlos Academy of Fine famous for his murals however. He made murals Arts in Mexico City. He was influenced by many in Cuba for some time but was inspired by the different artists, but he was first influenced by a political atmosphere of the 1900s. Because of the man named José Posada who ran a print shop Mexican Revolution and the Russian Revolution, near his school. he was inspired to draw murals that reflected the lives of the working class, the commoner, and the freedom fighter in Mexico. He gained funding from many governments, made many murals for Mexico and then even the United States, inspired many people, and even got into some controversy in the United States because of a mural named “Man at the Crossroads” due to its inclusion of Lenin, who inflicted the fear of communism on the people. In the end his art is seen as a beautiful portrayal of the people and the politics of of the early 1900s, and how we can strive to better ourselves in the future. References
Biography.com Editors. Apr. 14, 2014. “Diego Rivera Biography.” Retrieved Sep. 28,
2020
(https://www.biography.com/artist/diego-rivera).
Diegorivera.org Editors. 2020. “Diego Rivera his Life and Art.” Retrieved Sep. 28, 2020
(https://www.diegorivera.org).
Jodi Roberts. 2016. “Diego Rivera Mexican, 1886-1957.” Retrieved Sep. 28, 2020
(https://www.moma.org/artists/4942).
Jaime Escalante Jaime Escalante was born on December 31, 1930, in La Paz, Bolivia. Growing up both of his parents were teachers. His passion for mathematics and engineering evolved when he attended a prestigious Jesuit high school from San Calixto (a Colombian city located in the department of Norte de Santander). Later he attended a college at Normal Superior in order to become a school teacher. In the 1960s, he left Bolivia to seek a better life in the United States and obtained an Associate of Arts degree from the Pasadena City College in 1969. This was Escalante’s begining of becoming one of the most famous educators in America during 1980s and 1990s.
After Escalante obtained his teaching credentials, he was appointed as a teacher at the Garfield High School in East Los Angeles, California, in 1974. He found himself in a challenging situation, teaching mathematics to troubled students in a rundown school known for violence and drugs. Instead of giving up on his students, he believed in them and knew all he had to do: get them to live up to their potential. In 1982, his largest class of students took and passed an advanced placement test in Calculus. However, the students were accused of cheating in the test to which he responded furiously. He believed the scores had been challenged because they came from Hispanic students at a poor high school. The students were later vindicated when some of them agreed to retake the test and passed a second time. Jaime Escalante proved that no matter what your circumstances are you can succeed, he also broke the barrier between racism; he proved that no matter your ethnicity, anyone can succeed. References (Julia Bizon)
Biography.com. August 22, 2019. “Jaime Escalante Biography.” Retrieved Sep. 30, 2020 (https://www.biography.com/scholar/jaime-escalante).
TheFamousPeople.com. No Date of Publication. “Jaime Escalante Biography.” Retrieved Sep. 30, 2020 (https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/jaime-escalante-5568.php).
The Futures Channel.com. No Date of Publication. “Jaime Escalante.” Retrieved Sep. 30, 2020 (https://thefutureschannel.com/educator-resources/jaime-escalante/). Mendieta was a largely influential figure in the practices of feminist art. She highlighted the issues Ana Mendieta (1948-1985) concerning the erasure of and violence towards women in her Ana Mendieta was born in work. She fought back against the Havana, Cuba on November 18, constant male gaze, and instead 1948. She came to the United used her body to create natural, States alone after being exiled beautiful art forms. Through her from Cuba in 1961 during the art, she created a link with the past, Castro regime. She was then a sense of power in the present, and raised in different orphanages a bond to the universe. This was and foster homes in Iowa. A lot of important because it opened up new her work represented her want to ways to look at and truly return back to her homeland in understand art. She depicted Cuba. She was extremely humanity and the treatment of interested in Cuban culture, and people and nature in her work, and utilized many traditional, natural rose awareness for displacement, ways of Cuban art using the violence, and sexuality. Many were symbols earth, blood, water, and in awe at her descriptive artwork, fire. You can visually analyze her and were awakened to the problems trauma from being taken away in the world that she had from her family and homeland in experienced firsthand. her artwork. References (By Helena Yiangou)
Artnet. “Ana Mendieta.” Retrieved Sep. 28, 2020 (http://www.artnet.com/artists/ana-mendieta/).
Hammer. 2019. “‘Ana Mendieta’ Radical Women: Latin American Art, 1960-1985.” Retrieved Sep.
28, 2020 (https://hammer.ucla.edu/radical-women/artists/ana-mendieta).
Smithsonian American Art Museum. 2001. “Ana Mendieta.” Retrieved Sep. 28, 2020
(https://americanart.si.edu/artist/ana-mendieta-6832).
Tor Scott. Oct. 24, 2019. “Biography: Ana Mendieta - Artist.” Retrieved Sep. 28, 2020
(http://www.theheroinecollective.com/ana-mendieta/). By Owen Zeller
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez
Born October 13, 1989 and raised in the Bronx, Ocasio-Cortez grew In 2019, Ocasio-Cortez took her background in politics and activism up aware of New York’s rising levels of income inequality. She and ran to represent New York’s 14th Congressional District in the attended Boston University and graduated with degrees in House of Representatives. Her primary opponent was Joe Crowley, Economics and International Relations, giving her a background in longtime incumbent and the then fourth-highest-ranking Democrat in government policies and diplomacy. Ocasio-Cortez also worked in the the House, making her victory one of immense impact and motivation office of Senator Ted Kennedy, helping immigrants and families for similarly-minded people all across the United States. Her message separated by ICE. She eventually began working to organize Latinx is one of economic, social, and racial justice for working Americans; youth across the United States and took a position as Educational she continues to work to abolish the status quo and establish a Director with the National Hispanic Institute to prepare DREAMers society for fair to all Americans, whoever they may be or wherever and undocumented immigrants in community leadership and college they may come from. She describes her movement as one of readinesss. In 2016, she worked with the Bernie Sanders presidential Democratic Socialism: ensuring that Americans are able to lead a campaign and furthered her activism and volunteering expertise. stable and dignified existence in any circumstances. She is the embodiment of social activism in our nation, and raises a standard that is drawing young people across the country to engage in political activities and become aware of myriad social issues. All in all, Ocasio-Cortez represents excellence and drive in our country to make life better for all who live in it, and continues to encourage the next generation of voters and thinkers. By Owen Zeller
References
John Nichols. 2018. “The Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Effect.” Retrieved Sep. 28, 2020
(https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/the-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-effect/).
Gabriella Paiella. 2018. “The 28-Year-Old at the Center of One of This Year’s Most Exciting Primaries.”
Retrieved Sep. 28, 2020 (https://www.thecut.com/2018/06/alexandria-ocasio-cortez-interview.html).
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Official Website. 2019. “Biography.” Retrieved Sep. 29, 2020
(https://ocasio-cortez.house.gov/about/biography). Franklin Chang-Diaz- Milen
Franklin Chang Diaz was born in San José, Costa Rica, on April 5th, 1950. Ever since he was a young boy, he aspired to become an astronaut. In 1967, his parents sent him from his home to America, where he lived with his relatives in Connecticut. He then went on to earn a bachelor’s degree in Mechanical engineering at the University of Connecticut(1973) and a doctorate in applied plasma physics at The Massachusetts Institute of Technology(1977). In 1980, he was accept
During Franklin Chang-Diaz’s 25 year career, he made seven spaceflights. Some of his most prominent ones were: The Atlantis Mission( which sent out the Galileo Spacecraft to explore Jupiter), the Endeavor Mission( In which he went out on a spacewalk to repair the arm of the International Space Station three times), and when he was deployed to the International Space Station on January 1986. He was also a visiting scientist at M.I.T., in which he led a project on plasma propulsion that would end up being used to send humans to Mars. Chang-Diaz then found and became president of the Ad Astra Rocket Company, taught at Rice University and the University of Houston. All of these accomplishments were very beneficial to America’s advancement in space. Not only did he fix the international space station, but he made technological advances that helped us send astronauts to Mars. At the end of his career, he taught more students, hoping to follow in his footsteps. REFERENCES
References Asteroid Day. 2020. Franklin Chang Diaz - Asteroid Day. Accessed Sep, 29. 2020.
Encyclopedia Britannica. 2020. Franklin Chang-Díaz | Costa Rican-Born American Physicist And Astronaut. Accessed Sep. 29. 2020.
Nasa.gov. 2020. Accessed Sep. 29.2020.
Ellen Ochoa was the first female hispanic astronaut in the united states. Ellen was born May 10th of 1958 in Los angeles California. Her education started at Grossmont High School in La Mesa, California and after she graduated she moved to gain a bachelor's degree of science from San Diego State University. She later graduated Stanford with a masters and than a doctorate while studying electrical engineering. Currently she is married to a Coe Miles and they currently have two sons.
Her Accomplishments are that she was the first hispanic female astronaut in America and as such she is to be held in extremely high regard. In the start she was a research engineer in 1988 but only two years later in 1990 she was selected to become an astronaut. She flew into space only four times but in those four flights she has logged over 1,000 hours in space working and living the deep abyss that is space between the stars. For her exemplary service in the astronaut program she was awarded NASA's highest honor the Distinguished Service Medal as well as the Presidential Distinguished Rank Award for senior executives in the federal government. After leaving space she took up a job as the head director of the johnson space center becoming the first hispanic and second woman to ever hold the spot. After Nasa she became a member of National Science Board witch she is projected to be in until 2022 References
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica.”Ellen Ochoa” Retrieved Oct. 1 , 2020 (https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ellen-Ochoa)
Jason Roberts. May 29, 2018. ”NASA Astronaut Dr. Ellen Ochoa” Retrieved Oct. 1 , 2020 (https://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/about/people/orgs/bios/ochoa.html)
Biography.com Editors. August 27, 2020. “Ellen Ochoa Biography” Retrieved Oct. 1 , 2020 (https://www.biography.com/astronaut/ellen-ochoa)
By Patrick Seeberger Some of Sylvia Rivera’s most notable accomplishments were participating in the Stonewall Sylvia Rivera riots 1969, establishing the political organization STAR (Street Transvestite Action Revolutionaries) with her friend, Marsha P. Johnson, and having the SRLP made in her memory. At age 17 Rivera’s activism had begun to take shape when she went to Sylvia Rivera was a the Stonewall riots in Manhattan, New York. This Latina-American, who was born in Bronx, event was very important for the Gay Liberation New York on July 2, 1951. Rivera was of Front, which she co-founded. In 1970 Rivera Puerto Rican and Venezuelan descent. founded STAR (Street Transvestite Action After her father had abandoned her, her Revolutionaries), which helped empower mother later committed suicide. After being transgender, gay, and gender-fluid youth. With raised by her grandmother for a short time, Rivera’s background and previous experiences Rivera ran away from home and joined a STAR also dealt with economic, racial, and criminal group of drag queens, and they were very justice issues. The SRLP was the Sylvia Rivera Law welcoming of her. Project, which was created in 2002 after her death. The main goal of the SRLP was giving gay, transgender, and gender-fluid people access to legal services, as well as teaching leadership and advocacy skills. References
Americano, Lara. 2020. “Happy Birthday to Sylvia Rivera, Who Taught Me How to Be an Activist.” Retrieved Oct. 1, 2020 (https://www.them.us/story/happy-birthday-sylvia-rivera)
Editors. 2019. “Sylvia Rivera Biography.” Retrieved Sep. 28, 2020 (https://www.biography.com/activist/sylvia-rivera)
Goodman, Elyssa. 2019. “Sylvia Rivera Changed Queer and Trans Activism Forever.” Retrieved Sep. 29, 2020 (https://www.them.us/story/sylvia-rivera) Jose Clemente Orozco was born in Mexico on November 23, 1883. When he was a José Clemente young boy his parents moved to Mexico city for more opportunities for him and his siblings.. During this time the Mexican Revolution was gaining traction and Orozco Orozco was very aware of the people around him. Then, on his walk to school Orozco saw the Mexican cartoonist José Guadalupe Posada. This caused him to enroll in drawing classes and inspired his understanding of art as a tool for revolt against politics. Sadly, an firework accident caused his entire left hand to be amputated.
Despite his amputation Orozco worked as a caricaturist for a oppositional newspaper, where his work was themed around social issues.He also began painting murals which eventually led to him becoming known as one of the three "Mexican muralists". His work was later set apart from the others, (Diego Rivera and David Alfaro Siqueiros) because of how it focused on the suffering of humans and the struggles of the working class. Many of his paintings are now considered masterpieces, one of his most famous is called The Epic of American Civilization, which features the strife throughout American history. His work has been pictured and is shown in The Museum of Modern Art in New York, the Art Institute of Chicago, and the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., and has inspired many artists like Jackson Pollock, Philip Guston, and Jacob Lawrence. His work are very important as they show the struggles of people is a very profound and enlightening way, thus bringing more awareness and understanding to those people and the human condition. Ella Walters References
Artnet. “José Clemente Orozco (Mexican, 1883–1949).” Retrieved Oct. 1, 2020
(http://www.artnet.com/artists/jos%C3%A9-clemente-orozco/).
Bibliography.com. April 2, 2014. “José Clemente Orozco Biography.” Retrieved Oct. 1, 2020
(https://www.biography.com/artist/jose-clemente-orozco).
Mutual Art. “AUTORRETRATO, 1938.” Retrieved Oct. 1, 2020
(https://www.mutualart.com/Artwork/AUTORRETRATO/9DF80C4EDF261533). Frida Kahlo is celebrated as a feminist icon around the world and Frida Kahlo specifically in Mexico for her use of Mexican and indigenous culture in her Frida Kahlo was born in art. Over her lifetime she created about Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico on two hundred Paintings and drawings, of July 6, 1907. As a part of her those fifty five were self portraits. The recovery from polio at the age of six, portraits showed her life after being her father had her do soccer, go seriously injured. In 1941 the Mexican swimming, and wrestle. In 1922 government commissioned her to make Kahlo enrolled at the National five portraits of influential women. She Preparatory School, one of the few was never able to complete them due to girls to attend. While at school, she her father’s death and her worsening became more political and joined the health condition. In 1953 Kahlo had her Young Communist League and the first solo exibit. She arrived by Mexican Communist Party. On ambulance, due to being bedridden and September 17, 1925 at the age of had a special bed there so she was able eighteen, Kahlo was impaled by a to attend. Twenty years after Kahlo’s handrail when a car collided with the death in the 1970s the feminist had a bus she was riding. While in renewed interest in her life and her recovery, she started painting and work, looking at her as an icon. finished her first self portrait. References
Biography.com Editors. April 22, 2014. “Frida Kahlo Biography.” Sep. 30, 2020 https://www.biography.com/artist/frida-kahlo
No author. No date of publication. “Frida Kahlo and her Paintings.” Sep. 30, 2020 https://www.fridakahlo.org/
No author. No date of publication. “The Importance of the Frida Kahlo Self-Portrait With Thorn Necklace and Hummingbird.” Sep. 30, 2020 https://www.widewalls.ch/magazine/frida-kahlo-self-portrait-with-thorn-necklace-and-hummingbird Her parents, Juan & Celina Baez Sotomayor, moved from Puerto Rico to New York City to raise their children. Sonia was born in New York, on June 25th, 1954. Sonia Sotomayor has dedicated her life to her As a child she watched television episodes of a crime show called Perry Mason, career of law, working justice-related jobs & which inspired her to become involved with the justice system. Her first job teaching at law schools. relating to law was serving as assistant district attorney for New York County On November 27th, 1991, George H. W. Bush from 1979 to 1984. nominated her to serve as a federal judge & was confirmed by the Senate on August 11th, 1992. On June 25th, 1997, she was nominated by Based on what I’ve President William J. Clinton & confirmed by the Sonia learned about her, I’d Senate on October 2nd, 1998, for a seat in the U.S say Sonia Sotomayor is Court of Appeals, Second Circuit. Sotomayor dedicated, always On May 26th, 2009, she was nominated for the tries to do the right United States Supreme Court by President thing, & is an Barack Obama. After many confirmation inspiration. hearings, & despite criticism, she became the first Latina & third woman to serve Supreme Court Justice in U.S. history. Sonia wrote her own memoir book, “My Beloved World,” which discusses her struggles in life. Currently, she is still Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Averi Allen Resources Chelsey Parrott-Sheffer. May 27th, 2009. “Sonia Sotomayor.”
Retrieved Oct. 1st, 2020 https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sonia-Sotomayor
Jone Johnson Lewis. Updated May 28th, 2019. “Sonia Sotomayor Biography.”
Retrieved Oct. 1st, 2020 https://www.thoughtco.com/sonia-sotomayor-biography-3529992
CNN. Updated June 17th, 2020. “Sonia Sotomayor Fast Facts.”
Retrieved Oct. 1st, 2020 https://www.cnn.com/2013/03/08/us/sonia-sotomayor-fast-facts/index.html Roberto Clemente
● Roberto Clemente Walker was born on ● In 1954, Roberto signed with the August 18, 1934 in Carolina, Puerto Brooklyn Dodgers. Due to the Rico. He was the youngest of seven restrictions that kept him from children. He started from nothing; his playing his first season so he family was not very wealthy. His father made his debut on April 1, 1955 worked in the sugar fields to help with the Pittsburgh Pirates. For support their family and at times he 18 seasons he had been killing it helped too so that his father didn’t have in the league and making fans to do everything by himself. Over the very interested in him. Over the years leading into highschool, Roberto course of career he has been developed an interest in baseball. awarded 12 Gold Gloves. In While playing on his high school’s 1972, Roberto got his 3,000 baseball team, he was recruited by base hit which only at the time,10 Roberto Marin at the age of sixteen to people in the major leagues have participate an amaetur league in Puerto hit. Beyond baseball, Roberto Rico and he accepted to play for the was considered MLB’s most Ferdinand Juncos. beloved humanitarian as he fought to promote equality for Latino Americans. Sources
Editors, TheFamousPeople.com. No Date.“Roberto Clemente Biography”
Retrieved October 1, 2020 https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/roberto-clemente-walker-2729.php#:~:text=Roberto%20Cleme nte%20was%20born%20on,Roberto%20being%20the%20youngest%20one.&text=At%20the%20age%20 of%20sixteen,for%20the%20Ferdinand%20Juncos%20team.
Milton Jamail. Updated August 14, 2020. “Roberto Clemente”
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Roberto-Clemente Jennifer Lopez Jennifer Lynn Lopez, born in the Bronx, July 24th, 1969, is one of the highest-paid Latina actresses in Hollywood's history. Lopez is of a Puerto Rican descent with two sisters. Aspirations of fame always bubbled Lopez's mind growing up. She commenced her journey in musical theater and pursued her skills from thereon. She accomplished her first debut at 16 years old (1986), as a show's dancer. Achieving success, by the mid-1990s, she began starring as an actor in multiple shows with Nobel actors. Created headlines, she transitioned to singing in the early 2000s and titled herself "J.Lo."
J.Lo's first album, On the 6, had phenomenal success, selling more than eight million copies worldwide! Thenceforth, her profession in singing skyrocketed. Her albums gained quick success, and many of which reached the top 3 on the Billboard 200. She started working with large people in the industry, like rapper "Puff Daddy" and actor "Ben Affleck". Singing and acting, J.Lo composed many headlines and became the new big deal. A Spanish-language album Como Ama Una Mujer, followed in 2007, peaked in the number one spot if the Latin chart and top ten on the Billboard 200. After having children in 2008, she returned to acting and even producing Spanish films. To this day, J.Lo has conducted at least thirty-seven films and sixty-one singles. She performed in the 2020 Super Bowl halftime show with Shakira and incorporated their culture in their dancing. Jennifer Lopez's talent as a singer, actor, dancer, producer, and entrepreneur significantly influences today's world. Her many triumphs represent the Hispanic community and have paved the way for generations of Latina(o)s. She is known all over the world and has inspired many people of all races. References (Mia Tonnu)
A&E Television Networks. March 16, 2018. “Jennifer Lopez Biography.” Retrieved Oct. 2, 2020 (https://www.biography.com/musician/jennifer-lopez).
Ankeny, Jason. “‘Jenny from the Block,’ the acclaimed Bronx actress surprised the musical world by becoming an enduring pop hitmaker.” Retrieved Oct. 2, 2020 (https://www.allmusic.com/artist/jennifer-lopez-mn0000317865/biography).
Lewis, Robert. “Jennifer Lopez American actress and musician.” Retrieved Oct 2, 2020 (https://www.britannica.com/art/singing#ref284642). Alberto Gonzales
Alberto Gonzales was born San Antonio, Texas August 4th, 1955. He came from a migrant family and his parents barely spoke english. He joined the U.S. Air Force Academy after graduating high school. He received a bachelor's degree in political science in 1979 from Rice University. And then he attended Harvard University where he earned a law degree in 1982. Mr. Gonzales was the president of the Houston Hispanic Bar Association from 1990 to 1991. References
CNN. August 06 2013. “Alberto Gonzales fast Facts” Retrieved Oct. 2nd, 2020(https://www.cnn.com/2013/08/06/us/alberto-r-gonzales-fast-facts/index.html)
Brittanica. August 21 2020 “Alberto Gonzales Biography” Retrieved Oct. 2nd 2020(https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cBGgupOsjEX-o2CjUIaBVxu2Dj_BdU mU-y20AurWmFg/edit)
Justice Gov. June 26 2017. “Alberto R. Gonzales” Retrieved Oct. 2nd 2020 Cesar Chavez (1927-1993)
Cesar Chavez was born on March 31, 1927, near Yuma, Arizona. When Chavez was a young boy, he and his family moved to California in 1939 and started laboring up and down in fields as migrant farmworkers. After being habituated by this experience in his early life, he founded the National Farm Workers Association in 1962; he was devoted to organizing a union for farm workers.
Cesar Chavez was a highly influential activist for farmers because he created a union for underpaid farmworkers. In September 1965, the fledgling farm workers association he created opted for a non-violent strike. Along with this strike, his insistence on non-violence, his alliance with organized labor, and his use of mass movement techniques such as the march on Sacramento in 1966 he gave more attention to the purpose of the grape strike and the consumer boycott. He achieved victory for farmers on July 29, 1970, when a handful of Delano growers signed some contracts which gave the National Farmworkers more recognition. References
● Biography.com Editors. April 2, 2014. “Cesar Chavez Biography.” Retrieved Sep. 30, 2020(https://www.biography.com/activist/cesar-chavez). ● History.com Editors. October 27, 2009. “Cesar Chavez.” Retrieved Sep. 30 2020(https://www.history.com/topics/mexico/cesar-chavez) ● United Farm Workers.com Editors. 2005. “The Story of Cesar Chavez.” Retrieved Sep. 30, 2020(https://ufw.org/research/history/story-cesar-chavez/)