Power Electronics Technology
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
ISSN 0429-8284 Whole Number 239 Power Electronics Technology Power Electronics Technology CONTENTS Power Electronics Technology Power Electronics Technology: Current Status and Future Outlook 142 Latest Technology for General-Purpose Inverters and Servo Systems 148 “FRENIC-VG,” a High-Performance Vector-Control Inverter 154 “GNS Series” & “GNP Series” of High-Effi ciency IPM Motors 160 “FRENIC4800VM5,” a Water-Cooled High Capacity, High Voltage Inverter 165 “FRCM Series” of EV Quick Chargers 170 Power Electronic Devices for Railway Vehicles 175 Cover photo: High-Effi ciency Front End Power Supplies Certifi ed as 80 PLUS 182 Fuji Electric is focusing on power elec- tronics, through with electricity can be ma- “FCPOP”: A Power Management Platform for UPS Products 187 nipulated fl exibly, to contribute to the world in the fi eld of energy. The fi elds of application for power electronics are di- Evaluation and Application Technology of New Batteries in UPS Products 191 verse, and include industrial variable speed driving, industrial power supplies, solar “LX Series”: Mini-UPS Products with NIMH Batteries for Data Centers 197 power generation, induction heating equip- ment, railway electrical equipment, auto- “PVI1000”: Outdoor High-Effi ciency Power Conditioners for Mega Solar Projects 202 motive electrical equipment, and the like. With circuit technology, control systems “UPS 7000HX Series” of High-Effi ciency, Large-Capacity 207 and power semiconductors as base tech- UPS Products Using AT-NPC 3-Level for Data Centers nologies, power electronics technology has been independently developed in each fi eld Power Electronics Equipment Applying SiC Devices 212 while incorporating market requests to con- tribute to the realization of a sustainable Supplemental Explanation society. The cover photo is a depiction of the 80 PLUS, Battery capacity, discharge rate and charge rate, PUE, MPPT 217 application fi elds for power electronics and typical power electronics products. FUJI ELECTRIC REVIEW vol.58 no.4 2012 date of issue: December 20, 2012 editor-in-chief and publisher EGUCHI Naoya Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. reserves all rights concerning the Corporate R & D Headquarters republication and publication after translation into other Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. languages of articles appearing herein. Gate City Ohsaki, East Tower, All brand names and product names in this journal might be 11-2, Osaki 1-chome, Shinagawa-ku, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Tokyo 141-0032, Japan http://www.fujielectric.co.jp editorial offi ce Fuji Electric Journal Editorial Offi ce c/o Fuji Offi ce & Life Service Co., Ltd. 1, Fujimachi, Hino-shi, Tokyo 191-8502, Japan Power Electronics Technology: Current Status and Future Outlook KAWANO Masashi † HIROSE Jun † AIHARA Takashi † ABSTRACT Fuji Electric is focusing on power electronics, through which electricity can be handled fl exibly, to contribute to the world in the fi eld of energy. Power electronic devices, with circuit technique, control system, and power semicon- ductor as their base technologies, are expanding into various fi elds. For inverters, EMC analysis technology, high- speed synchronization communication technology, and water-cooling methods etc. are employed in addition to com- plying with functional safety standards. For UPS, nickel-metal hydride batteries are introduced and AT-NPC 3-level conversion technology is adopted. In addition, Fuji Electric is developing a wide range of power electronics tech- nologies to enhance power electronic devices for railway vehicles and electric cars, high-effi ciency power supplies for servers, and high-capacity PCS and responds to various demands such as safety, miniaturization and energy saving. 1. Introduction Fuji Electric is focusing on power electronics, Drives Power supplies Industrial Power and social through with electricity can be manipulated fl exibly, infrastructure infrastructure to contribute to the world in the fi eld of energy. The Communications fi elds of application for power electronics are diverse, EV PM motors and include industrial variable speed driving equip- New energy Industrial ment, industrial power supplies, solar power genera- inverters UPS Servo Switching tion, induction heating equipment, railway electrical systems power supplies DC brushless motors equipment, automotive electrical equipment, and the PCS Quick charger Power electronics equipment that contributes like. In addition to providing power electronics equip- Vehicular equipment to the realization of a sustainable society ment that supports these applications, Fuji Electric High reliability Stable quality also provides the product groups of power semicon- Power electronics Circuit Control Power ductors and electric distribution and control devices, technology systems semiconductors which are critical components for power electronics equipment, to offer powerful components and powerful solutions which make use of them in the various fi elds Fig.2 Business areas of power electronics equipment (see Fig. 1). As shown in Fig. 2, in each fi eld, power electronics equipment is contributing to the realization of a sus- tainable society. With circuit technology, control sys- tems and power semiconductors as base technologies, power electronics technology has been independently developed in each fi eld while incorporating market re- quests. This paper describes the current state of the tech- nical trends and product development of power elec- Energy Energy creation Energy conservation tronics equipment from the perspective of how to meet management Environmentally- Optimization of Efficient utilization market requests in each fi eld. friendly clean energy energy creation and of energy energy conservation 2. Market Needs and Technical Trends Power electronics which can be used to freely manipulate electricity Power electronics equipment Figure 3 shows the evolution of the market needs, Power semiconductors Electric distribution and control devices the product technology as well as the power semicon- ductors, electric distribution and control devices, basic Fig.1 Positioning of power electronics equipment technology and analysis technology used in products. Fuji Electric has a history of developing the † Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. product technology necessary to meet market needs. 142 (Year) Item 2000 2005 2010 2015 ○Safety standard (low voltage, EMC) compliant ○Functional safety standards compliant ○Network compatible ○High performance drive Market needs ○Energy savings ○Revision of energy saving law ○Power supplies for data centers (energy-saving, space-saving) ○Mega solar plants (overseas) ○Mega solar plants (domestic) ○Functional safety standards compliant ○Safety bus technology ○High-speed network compatible ○Network compatible ○High-efficiency Product technology PM motor ○SiC inverters ○AT-NPC 3-level high-efficiency UPS ○SiC UPS AT-NPC 3-level high-efficiency ○ ○SiC PCS PCS ○RB-IGBT ○Module for AT-NPC 3-level use Power semiconductors ○SiC devices Electric distribution and control technology ○DC distribution technology ○EMC analysis technology (circuit network) ○EMC analysis ○Functional safety ○Safety bus compatible technology (3D) standards compliant Technology issue: Power Electronics Basic technology, ○Field bus technology ○High-speed communication technology analysis technology ○PM motor sensorless driving ○NPC 3-level circuit technology ○AT-NPC 3-level circuit technology Fig.3 Trends of power electronics technology Particularly signifi cant achievements include the de- Table 1 Products and corresponding safety functions velopment of the power semiconductors and electric Corresponding safety function distribution and control devices required for new prod- Product name STO SS1 SLS SBC ucts. Specifi cally, Fuji Electric is developing a custom FRENIC-Multi ○ module that integrates a reverse-blocking insulated FRENIC-MEGA ○ gate bipolar transistor (RB-IGBT) or an advanced t- FRENIC-VG * type neutral-point-clamped (AT-NPC) 3-level inverter ○○○○ circuit containing an RB-IGBT. Additionally, Fuji STO: Safety Torque Off SS1: Safe Stop 1 is also developing DC distribution equipment for the SLS: Safely Limited Speed power conditioner systems (PCS) used at mega solar SBC: Safe Brake Control plants and the like (1) . *: SS1, SLS, SBC are available as an option In this way, power electronics equipment, while responsible for driving technical innovation of power with this functional safety standard. Fuji Electric’s semiconductors and electric distribution and control inverter products listed in Table 1 support SIL2 (corre- devices, also provide powerful components that con- sponding to ISO13849-1 category 3, performance level tribute to solutions in various fi elds through the devel- D). opment of elemental technologies and products. The STO function reduces the failure rate by pro- cessing redundant stop signals with redundant circuits 3. Development Trends of Elemental even inside the inverter as shown in Fig. 4, and pro- Technologies and Current Status of Product vides a diagnostic function for detecting circuit failure. Development In the future, Fuji Electric will support a safety bus and the expansion of corresponding functions. 3.1 Development trends of elemental technologies in vari- (2) EMC*1 simulation technology ous fi elds With globalization, EMC countermeasures for gen- (1) Technology that supports safety standards in eral-purpose inverters are an essential part of product drive products development, and consideration of the type of counter- Various standards have been