“10 out of TEN” TEN-T Project Implementation Successes
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The Case of the World Cup 2006 in Germany
Working Paper Series, Paper No. 07-04 Relationships between investments costs for infrastructure and for sport stadia: The case of the World Cup 2006 in Germany Nicolas Büttner†,Wolfgang Maennig††, and Marco Messner††† April 2007 Abstract This study uses the example of the 2006 soccer World Cup in Germany to examine whether any systematic relationships exist between infrastructure investments on the one hand and investments in the respective stadium on the other. Particular attention is paid to an examination of whether the relative infrastructure costs in the case of newly-built stadia differ from those relating to stadia that have been reconstructed or extended. Such systematic relationships, or “rules of thumb”, could be used in the future to simplify the prediction of the expected volume of necessary infrastructure measures for major sporting events (other soccer World Cups, the Olympic Games, etc.) on the basis of the investment required for the sports venues. Our study makes use of a cluster and discriminance analysis and concludes that such general rules cannot be derived from the 2006 World Cup in Germany. JEL Classification Codes: L83, R42, R53 Keywords: Infrastructure investments, sport stadia costs, cluster analysis, discriminance analysis. This paper is also available as University of Hamburg Working Paper Series in Economic Policy, Number 04/2005 (revised 11/06). †University of Hamburg ††University of Hamburg, Chair for Economic Policy, Von-Melle-Park 5, 20146 Hamburg, Germany, E-mail: [email protected], phone: +49 (0)40 42838 - 4622, fax: +49 (0)40 42838 - 6251 (corresponding author) †††University of Hamburg Nicolas Büttner, Wolfgang Maennig∗, Marco Menßen Relationships between investments costs for infrastructure and for sport stadia: The case of the World Cup 2006 in Germany Abstract: This study uses the example of the 2006 soccer World Cup in Germany to examine whether any systematic relationships exist between infrastructure investments on the one hand and investments in the respective stadium on the other. -
Paris Case Study
A cost-benefit analysis of tunnel † investment and tolling alternatives in Antwerp European Regional Science Association conference, Amsterdam, 2005 S. Proosta, S. Van der Loob, A. de Palmac, and R. Lindseyd Corresponding author: S. Proost ABSTRACT A proposal has been made to build a new tunnel under the Scheldt river near the centre of Antwerp in order to relieve traffic congestion on the ring road and in an existing tunnel. The new tunnel is expected to cost more than €1 billion, and tolls have been suggested to help finance construction and to manage demand. This paper conducts a preliminary cost-benefit analysis of a new tunnel and three alternative tolling schemes, and compares them with a do- nothing scenario and an option to toll the existing tunnel without building a new one. The analysis is performed using a model that was recently developed as part of the European- Union funded REVENUE project. The two tunnels are treated as imperfect substitutes, and a multi-year accounting framework is adopted that accounts for emissions, accidents and noise externalities, road damage, revenues accruing to the national and regional governments from existing transport user charges, and the salvage value of the new tunnel. With the base-case parameter values it is found that building the tunnel is worthwhile with all three tolling regimes and yields a higher benefit than not building the tunnel and tolling the old one. Nevertheless, the net benefit from building the tunnel differs appreciably between tolling regimes, and it is sensitive to the value assumed for the marginal cost of public funds. -
1 Brisa – Concessão Rodoviária, SA (Incorporated
Brisa – Concessão Rodoviária, S.A. (incorporated with limited liability under the laws of Portugal) Euro 3,000,000,000 Euro Medium Term Note Programme Base Prospectus Under this Euro 3,000,000,000 Euro Medium Term Note Programme (the “Programme”), Brisa - Concessão Rodoviária, S.A. (the “Issuer” or “BCR”) may from time to time issue notes (the “Notes”) denominated in any currency agreed between the Issuer and the relevant Dealer or Dealers (as defined below) subject to applicable legal and regulatory central bank and securities authority requirements. The maximum aggregate nominal amount of all Notes from time to time outstanding under the Programme will not exceed Euro 3,000,000,000 (or its equivalent in other currencies calculated as described herein), subject to increase as described herein. Application has been made to the Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier (the “CSSF”) in its capacity as competent authority under the Luxembourg Act dated 10 July 2005 on prospectuses for securities (loi relative aux prospectus pour valeurs mobilières) to approve this document as a base prospectus in relation to the Issuer. The CSSF assumes no undertaking as to the economical and financial soundness of the information contained herein and the quality or solvency of the Issuer, pursuant to the provisions of article 7(7) of the Luxembourg Law dated 10 July 2005 on prospectuses for securities (implementing Directive 2003/71/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 November 2003 and amendments thereto, including Directive 2010/73/EU (the “Prospectus Directive”)). Application has also been made to the Luxembourg Stock Exchange for Notes issued under the Programme to be admitted to trading on the Bourse de Luxembourg, which is the regulated market of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange and to be listed on the Official List of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange. -
Paris Case Study
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics De Palma, André; Lindsey, Robin; Proost, Stef; Van der Loo, Saskia Conference Paper A cost-benefit analysis of tunnel investment and tolling alternatives in Antwerp 45th Congress of the European Regional Science Association: "Land Use and Water Management in a Sustainable Network Society", 23-27 August 2005, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Provided in Cooperation with: European Regional Science Association (ERSA) Suggested Citation: De Palma, André; Lindsey, Robin; Proost, Stef; Van der Loo, Saskia (2005) : A cost-benefit analysis of tunnel investment and tolling alternatives in Antwerp, 45th Congress of the European Regional Science Association: "Land Use and Water Management in a Sustainable Network Society", 23-27 August 2005, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, European Regional Science Association (ERSA), Louvain-la-Neuve This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/117809 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte.