South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 Arts and Culture
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Arts and Culture South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 Arts and Culture South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 65 Arts and Culture The Department of Arts and Culture (DAC) • identify viable solutions and propose aims to contribute to sustainable economic necessary amendments to heritage policy and development and enhance job creation by • legislation; and preserving, protecting and developing South • consult stakeholders identified by the DAC. African arts, culture and heritage to sustain a socially cohesive and democratic nation. National symbols The department is mandated to: Animal: Springbok • develop and promote arts and culture in (Antidorcas marsupialis) South Africa, and mainstream its role in social The springbok’s common name is derived from development its characteristic jumping display. It is the only • develop and promote the official languages southern African gazelle and is fairly widespread of South Africa, and enhance the linguistic in open, dry bush, grasslands or riverbeds near diversity of the country water. It is also the emblem of South Africa’s • improve economic and other development national rugby team, which bears its name. opportunities for South African arts and culture nationally and globally through mutually Bird: Blue crane beneficial partnerships in order to ensure the (Anthropoides paradisia) sustainability of the sector This elegant crane with its silvery blue plumage • develop and monitor the implementation of is endemic to southern Africa, with more than policy, legislation and strategic direction for 99% of the population within South Africa’s the identification, conservation and promotion borders. of cultural heritage. The DAC aims to increase interactions across all races, foster constitu- Fish: Galjoen tional values, and encourage equal opportu- (Coracinus capensis) nities, inclusion and redress. The galjoen is found only along the South African coast and is a familiar sight to every angler. It keeps to mostly shallow water and is often found Legislation and policies in rough surf and sometimes right next to the The DAC derives its mandate from the following shore. legislation: • Heraldry Act, 1962 (Act 18 of 1962) Flower: King protea • Culture Promotion Act, 1983 (Act 35 of 1983) (Protea cynaroides) • National Archives and Record Service of This striking protea is found in the south- South Africa Act, 1996 (Act 43 of 1996) western and southern areas of the Western • Legal Deposit Act, 1997 (Act 54 of 1997) Cape. It derives its scientific name cynaroides, • South African Geographical Names Council which means “like cynara” (artichoke), from the Act, 1998 (Act 118 of 1998) artichoke-like appearance of its flower head. • Cultural Institutions Act, 1998 (Act 119 of 1998) Tree: Real yellowwood • National Council for Library and Information (Podocarpus latifolius) Act, 2001 (Act 6 of 2001) The yellowwood family is primeval and has • National Heritage Resources Act, 1999 (Act been present in South Africa for more than 25 of 1999) 100 million years. The species is widespread, • Use of Official Languages Act, 2012 (Act 12 from Table Mountain, along the southern and of 2012). eastern Cape coast, in the ravines of the In 2015, the DAC undertook a review of the Drakensberg up to the Soutpansberg and the heritage laws that it administers. The specific Blouberg in Limpopo. terms of reference of the review project were to: • review the heritage laws for divergence, National flag duplication and inconsistency (within and South Africa’s flag is one of the most recognised between the laws themselves, in relation to in the world. It was launched and used for the White Paper on Arts, Culture and Heritage the first time on Freedom Day, 27 April 1994. of 1996, the Constitution, constitutionally The design and colours are a synopsis of the mandated laws and other applicable laws) principal elements of the country’s flag history. • conduct a gap analysis of heritage policy and It is the only six-coloured national flag in the legislation; world. The central design of the flag, beginning South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 66 Arts and Culture The National Anthem Day, 27 April 2000. Its central image is a secretary bird with Nkosi sikelel’ i Afrika uplifted wings and a sun rising above it. i Maluphakanyisw’ uphondo lwayo, Below the bird is the protea, an indigenous Yizwa imithandazo yethu, South African flower, representing the aesthetic Nkosi sikelela, thina lusapho lwayo. harmony of all cultures and the country flowering Morena boloka setjhaba sa heso, as a nation. The ears of wheat are emblems of the O fedise dintwa le matshwenyeho, fertility of the land, while the tusks of the African O se boloke, elephant symbolise wisdom, steadfastness and O se boloke setjhaba strength. sa heso, At the centre, stands a shield signifying the Setjhaba sa South Afrika – protection of South Africans, above which are a South Afrika. spear and knobkierie. These assert the defence of peace rather than a posture of war. Uit die blou van onse hemel, Within the shield are images of the Khoisan Uit die diepte van ons see, Oor ons ewige gebergtes, people, the first inhabitants of the land. The figures Waar die kranse antwoord gee. are derived from images on the Linton Stone, a world-famous example of South African rock art. Sounds the call to come together, The motto of the coat of arms – !ke e:/xarra//ke And united we shall stand, – is in the Khoisan language of the /Xam people, Let us live and strive for freedom, and means “diverse people unite” or “people In South Africa our land. who are different joining together.” at the flag-pole in a “V” form and flowing into a National Orders single horizontal band to the outer edge of the National Orders are the highest awards that the fly, can be interpreted as the convergence of country, through its President, can bestow on diverse elements within South African society, individual South Africans and eminent foreign taking the road ahead in unity. leaders and personalities. When the flag is displayed vertically against • The Order of Mapungubwe is awarded to a wall, the red band should be to the left of the South African citizens for excellence and viewer, with the hoist or the cord seam at the exceptional achievement. top. • The Order of the Baobab is awarded to South When displayed African citizens for distinguished service in the horizontally, the hoist fields of business and the economy; science, should be to the left of medicine and technological innovation; and the viewer and the red community service. band at the top. When • The Order of the Companions of OR the flag is displayed next Tambo is awarded to heads of state and other to or behind the speaker dignitaries for promoting peace, cooperation at a meeting, it must be placed to the speaker’s right. When it is placed elsewhere in the meeting and friendship towards South Africa. place, it should be to the right of the audience. • The Order of Luthuli is awarded to South Africans who have made a meaningful contri- National anthem bution to the Struggle for democracy, human South Africa’s national anthem is a combined rights, nation-building, justice and peace, and version of Nkosi Sikelel’ iAfrika and The Call of conflict resolution. South Africa (Die Stem van Suid-Afrika). • The Order of Ikhamanga is awarded to South Nkosi Sikelel’ iAfrika was composed by African citizens who have excelled in the fields Methodist mission schoolteacher, Enoch of arts, culture, literature, music, journalism Sontonga, in 1897. The words of The Call of and sport. South Africa were written by CJ Langenhoven • The Order of Mendi for Bravery is awarded in May 1918, and the music was composed by to South African citizens who have performed Reverend ML de Villiers in 1921. extraordinary acts of bravery. President Jacob Zuma hosted the National National Coat of Arms Orders Awards Ceremony at the Sefako South Africa’s Coat of Arms, the highest visual Makgatho Presidential Guest House in Pretoria symbol of the State, was launched on Freedom in December 2015. South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 67 Arts and Culture National Orders and Symbols The Order of the Baobab The Order of Luthuli The Order of Mendi The Order of The Order of the Companions of The Order of Ikhamanga Mapungubwe OR Tambo The Coat of Arms National flower: King protea National fish: Galjoen National tree: Real National bird: Blue crane National animal: Springbok yellowwood South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 68 Arts and Culture The Order of the Baobab of equality and universal suffrage in South The Order was bestowed in bronze on: Africa. He never relented and paid the ultimate • Yvonne Mokgoro: For her outstanding contri- sacrifice for freedom and democracy. bution to the field of Law and the adminis- tration of justice in a democratic South Africa. Order of Ikhamanga The Order was bestowed in silver on: The Order was bestowed in bronze on: • John Douglas Anderson: For his excellent • Themba Patrick Magaisa: For his outstanding contribution to the upliftment of children and contribution to the development of indigenous people with disabilities. literature in South Africa. His literary work has • Mary Makobatjatji Malahlela (Posthumous): enriched the primary and secondary education For her excellent contribution to the provision curricula in our country. of medical services to oppressed South • Mbulaeni Mulaudzi (Posthumous): For his Africans during apartheid. She was one of outstanding achievements as a track athlete the first African women to qualify as a medical and for his contribution to the advancement of doctor in South Africa. athletics in South Africa. • Andrew Ross: For his excellent contribution to The Order was bestowed in silver on: the training of young rural medics. His work • Darius Mfana Dhlomo: For his excellent talent has provided hope to communities that are in various professional sporting codes.