Life with Qmail
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Life with qmail Life with qmail Table of Contents 1. Introduction........................................................................................................................................1 1.1. Audience..............................................................................................................................1 1.2. What is qmail?.....................................................................................................................1 1.3. Why use qmail?...................................................................................................................1 1.4. History.................................................................................................................................2 1.5. Features................................................................................................................................2 1.6. Related packages..................................................................................................................4 1.7. Architecture.........................................................................................................................5 1.8. License.................................................................................................................................5 1.9. Comparison with other MTA's............................................................................................5 1.10. Documentation...................................................................................................................5 1.11. Support...............................................................................................................................7 2. Installation..........................................................................................................................................9 2.1. Installation Issues.................................................................................................................9 2.2. Preparation.........................................................................................................................10 2.3. System requirements..........................................................................................................10 2.4. Download the source.........................................................................................................10 2.5. Build the source.................................................................................................................11 2.6. Install ucspi−tcp.................................................................................................................14 2.7. Install daemontools............................................................................................................14 2.8. Start qmail..........................................................................................................................15 2.9. Test the Installation............................................................................................................22 3. Configuration...................................................................................................................................23 3.1. Configuration Files............................................................................................................23 3.2. Relaying.............................................................................................................................24 3.3. Multiple host names...........................................................................................................25 3.4. Virtual domains..................................................................................................................25 3.5. Aliases................................................................................................................................26 3.6. qmail−users........................................................................................................................26 3.7. Spam Control.....................................................................................................................27 4. Usage.................................................................................................................................................29 4.1. .qmail files.........................................................................................................................29 4.2. Sending messages..............................................................................................................31 4.3. Environment Variables......................................................................................................33 5. Advanced Topics..............................................................................................................................35 5.1. procmail.............................................................................................................................35 5.2. POP and IMAP servers......................................................................................................35 5.3. POP and IMAP clients.......................................................................................................38 5.4. Multi−RCPT vs. Single RCPT delivery............................................................................38 5.5. VERP.................................................................................................................................39 5.6. Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................40 5.7. Big Servers.........................................................................................................................42 5.8. Migrating from Sendmail to qmail....................................................................................42 5.9. Mailing List Managers.......................................................................................................43 i Life with qmail Table of Contents 5.10. Patches.............................................................................................................................43 5.11. QMTP..............................................................................................................................44 A. Acknowledgments...........................................................................................................................45 B. Related Packages.............................................................................................................................47 B.1. dot−forward.......................................................................................................................47 B.2. fastforward........................................................................................................................47 B.3. ucspi−tcp...........................................................................................................................47 B.4. daemontools......................................................................................................................48 B.5. qmailanalog.......................................................................................................................48 B.6. rblsmtpd.............................................................................................................................49 B.7. serialmail...........................................................................................................................49 B.8. mess822.............................................................................................................................50 B.9. ezmlm................................................................................................................................50 B.10. safecat..............................................................................................................................50 B.11. maildrop..........................................................................................................................51 C. How Internet Mail Works..............................................................................................................53 C.1. How a message gets from point A to point B...................................................................53 C.2. More information..............................................................................................................54 D. Architecture.....................................................................................................................................57 D.1. Modular system architecture.............................................................................................57 D.2. File structure.....................................................................................................................57 D.3. Queue structure.................................................................................................................58 D.4. Pictures..............................................................................................................................58 E. Infrequently Asked Questions........................................................................................................61 E.1. How frequently does qmail try to send deferred messages?.............................................61