UDK State registration No Ref. No. Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute of Environmental Problems (USRIEP) APPROVED Director ________________Ya.PODOBA REPORT ON SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH WORK "Environmental Assessment (EA) within the framework of the project "Creation of the Danube – the Black Sea deep-water navigable passage in the Ukrainian part of the delta. Stage 1" (concluding) No. 1.3-19 Scientific Research Work Manager, Head of Engineering Ecology, EA and Environmental Assessment, Candidate of Technical Sciences, Assistant professor L.Ya. ANISHCHENKO KHARKOV – 2003 1 LIST OF AUTHORS Head of the laboratory of engineering ecology, EIA and ecological assessment, introduction, candidate of technical sciences, chapter 8, assistant professor L.Ya. ANISHCHENKO conclusion Head of the laboratory of hydraulic and hydrological research, doctor of technical sciences, professor Ye.V. YERYOMENKO article 4.3 Responsible executor senior scientific associate B.S. SVERDLOV chapter 1-8 Senior scientific associate S.V. BOLSHINSKIY chapter 3 Senior scientific associate Z.A. CHAVYR sections 2.2; 4.1; 4.3.7; 4.4 Senior scientific associate R.I. KURBATOV chapter 2 Principal engineer Ye.M. ALSHEVSKIY section 4.2 Scientific associate S.F. NUZHDINA section 4.5 Scientific associate A.Yu. MILANICH section 4.5 Engineer first category L.P. FILATOVA illustrations Chief technician T.N. POLYVYANAYA design Acting head of the laboratory of hydrophysical quality forming processes and measures of seawaters protection, candidate of technical sciences V.S. KRESIN section 4.3.4 Junior staff scientist S.V. MIKHAYLOVA section 4.3.5 2 ABSTRACT The report on scientific research: 202 pages, 38 tables, 18 figures, 7 supplements. The subject of research: projected of the Danube – the Black Sea deep-water navigable passage. The purpose of work – assessment of the DNC impact on environment. Characteristic of natural, man-caused and social conditions of the region of the DNC creation and a comparative characteristic of the possible environmental effects of the track variants, analyzed in the Investments Feasibility Report "Creation of the Danube – the Black Sea deep-water navigable channel". THE DEEP-WATER NAVIGABLE PASSAGE, THE DELTA, THE DISTRIBUTARY, THE SAND-BAR, THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS 3 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1. PREREQUISITES FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT 2. PHYSIOGRAPHIC AND CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE UKRAINIAN SECTION OF THE DANUBE DELTA AND AREA OF DEEP WATER NAVIGATION PASSAGE 2.1 Basic information about the Danube delta and dynamics of Kiliya delta formation. 2.2 Geomorphology and relief 2.3 Climate 2.4 Hydrophysical conditions of delta formation 2.5 Hydrophysical conditions of estuary beach of Danube. 2.6 Economic activities impact on the Danube delta formation and hydrophysical conditions. 2.7 Conclusions to chapter 2 3 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF ENTITIES OF DESIGNING AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN THE IMPACT ZONES 3.1 Necessity of creation of deep water navigation passage in the territory of the Ukrainian part of the Danube delta 3.2 The choice substantiation of the ship navigation passage 3.3 The characteristic of the project design concerning the creation of the deep-water navigation passage (DWNP) 3.4 Analysis of the environmental impact sources, types and factors 3.5 The description of actual status and of future prospects of economical activities in the navigation passage under project 3.6 Conclusions to chapter 3 4 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ASSESSMENT 4.1 Geological environment 4.1.1 Description of geological environment 4.1.2 Analysis of impact of planned activities on geological environment and the relief shaping processes 4.1.3 Hydrogeologic conditions 4.1.4 Analysis of impact of planned activities on geological conditions 4.2 Air environment 4.2.1 Discharge to the atmosphere 4.2.2 Noise 4.2.3 Summary on the effect of a ship navigation passage alternatives on air environment 4.3 Water environment 4.3.1 Hydrologic conditions of DWCS route 4.3.2 Description of water quality of Danube river in the mouth 4.3.2.1 Suspended substances 4.3.2.2 Mineralization. 4.3.2.3 Biogenic substances and oxygen conditions. 4.3.2.4 Polluting substances of toxic action 4.3.3 Description of bottom sediments 4.3.4 Analyses of navigation passage impact on surface waters 4.3.5 Analysis of impact of the ship passage on coastal areas of the sea 4.3.6 Ships passage impact on quality of the water. Emergency situation 4.3.7 Conclusions on impact of the ship passage on the water medium 4.4 Soils. Ground 4.5 Flora and Fauna, the nature reserve objects 4.5.1 Description of DBNR (the Danube Biosphere Nature Reserve). 4 4.5.2 Description of vegetation and analyses of impact on the project activities 4.5.3 Characteristic of fauna and analysis of the activities under project impact on it 4.5.3.1 Insect fauna 4.5.3.2 Hydrofauna 4.5.3.3 Amphibious and land vertebrates 4.5.3.4 Birds 4.5.3.5 Conclusions on part 4.5 5. DESCRIPTION OF SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS ON IT 6. ASSESSMENT OF THE PLANNED ACTIVITY IMPACT ON THE MAN-CAUSED ENVIRONMENT 7. MEASURES TO ENSURE NORMATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION AND ECOLOGICAL SAFETY 7.1 Protective measures 7.1.1 Organizational measures 7.1.2 Monitoring natural environment of the deep-water river channel zones of impact 7.2 Reconstructive measures 7.3 Protective measures 7.4 Compensation measures 7.4.1 Reinbursment for irreparable damage by taking measures on equivalent improvement of natural environment state 7.4.2 Cast of financial reimbursment of eventual irreparable damage to environment 8. ALL ROUND ASSESSMENT OF THE ACTIVITIES UNDER PROJECT IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT CONCLUSION LIST OF THE LITERATURE SUPPLEMENTS 5 INTRODUCTION The present research is fulfilled in compliance with the requirements of the States Building Code “DBN А 2.2-1-95” on the basis of the agreement between the Limited Liability Company "Planning-Exploration and Engineering-Design Institute of River Transport (Rechtransproect)", Kiev and the Ukrainian Research Institute of Environmental Problems (UkrNIIEP), Kharkov. According to the item 1.1 of the States Building Code “DBN A 2.2-1-95” the environmental assessment is executed with the purpose of the ecological foundation of the future activity, with selection of the methods of this activity realization, ensuring normalization of the ecology state and following the requirements of the environmental safety. According to the item 1.4 of the same document of the environmental assessment is executed taking into account the priority of ecological factors and their interaction with the social and economic forces at the local and regional levels. In the work, according to the requirements specification the environmental assessment, the evaluation of the deep-sea navigation passage (DSNC) with the length of 162.2 km for the ships with the draught of 5.85 m was carried out. The construction of the DSNP was foreseen by the working draft of the first stage of the DSNC construction in the Ukrainian part of the Danube delta. (The variant of the channel track, passing through the branch "Bystryy"). As the choice of the channel track variant and the technical solutions, accepted in the working draft, are tightly connected with the geomorphological development and hydrophysical conditions of the river Danube delta, the untraditional order of the material presentation was accepted in this work. The physiographic and climatic performances of the construction area precede the characteristics of the designed object of economic activities. In this work the following materials were used: "The Technical and Economic Assessment of Investments in Construction of Deep-sea Navigation Channel River Danube - Black Sea", worked out by the Institute "Rechtransproect". Reports of the Institute of Hydromechanics of the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences (UNAS) and Danube Hydrometeorology Observatory about the researches, conducted within the framework of the feasibility study and the working draft of the deep-sea navigation channel. "Environmental impact evaluation of the variant of the channel track, passing through the branch "Bystryy", which was carried out by the Odessa UNAS’s Branch of the Institute of the Southern Seas Biology in 2001. The Environmental Assessment of the Variants of the Navigation passage creation “River 6 Danube - Black Sea”, using the locked waterway branch “Solomonov Branch” – bay “Zhebriyansk” and further through the branch Bystryy, which was carried out by the UkrNIIEP in 2002. The collective monograph “Biological variety of the Danube Biosphere Reserve. Its Preservation and Control”. “Evaluation of the Economic, Social, Legal and International Perspectives of the Construction of the Deep-sea Passage “River Danube-Black Sea in the Ukrainian Part of the Delta and the Public Opinion Attitude” report, produced by the Council of the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences Studying the Productive Forces of Ukraine “Environment Assessment of the Design Variants (on the stage of the Feasibility Report) of the Creation of the Deep-sea Passage “The Danube – the Black Sea” in the Ukrainian Part of the Delta” report, produced by the Institute of Hydrobiology of the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences. Separate volumes of the working draft, produced by the institutes “Rechtransproekt”, “Ukrrybproject”, Kiev, and research center “Noosphere”, Odessa. 7 1. Prerequisites for the environmental assessment The reasons for the environmental impact assessment is the requirements specification for the development of the section “Environmental Impact Assessment” in structure of working drafts “The Creation of the Deep-sea Navigation Passage “River Danube – Black Sea” in the Ukrainian part of delta”, produced by the Institute "Rechtransproekt" The environmental impact evaluation is carried out in compliance with the legislative acts and normative documents dealing with environmental safety and preservation of the environment which are in force in Ukraine. This work was fulfilled according to all requirements of the States Building Code “DBN А 2.2-1-95”.