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IOBC / WPRS Working group "Benefits and Risks of Exotic Biological Control Agents" Proceedings of the first meeting on “Harmonia axyridis and other ladybirds” at Engelberg (Switzerland) 6 – 10 September 2009 Editors: Dirk Babendreier, Alexandre Aebi, Marc Kenis & Helen Roy IOBC wprs Bulletin Bulletin OILB srop Vol. 58, 2010 The content of the contributions is in the responsibility of the authors The IOBC/WPRS Bulletin is published by the International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants, West Palearctic Regional Section (IOBC/WPRS) Le Bulletin OILB/SROP est publié par l‘Organisation Internationale de Lutte Biologique et Intégrée contre les Animaux et les Plantes Nuisibles, section Regionale Ouest Paléarctique (OILB/SROP) Copyright: IOBC/WPRS 2010 The Publication Commission of the IOBC/WPRS: Dr. Ute Koch Dr. Horst Bathon Schillerstrasse 13 Julius Kühn-Institute (JKI) D-69509 Moerlenbach (Germany) Federal Research Center for Cultivated Plants Tel +49-6209-1079, Fax +49-6209-4849 Institute for Biological Control e-mail: [email protected] Heinrichstr. 243 D-64287 Darmstadt (Germany) Tel +49 6151 407-224, Fax +49 6151 407-290 e-mail: [email protected] Address General Secretariat: Dr. Philippe C. Nicot INRA – Unité de Pathologie Végétale Domaine St Maurice - B.P. 94 F-84143 Montfavet Cedex (France) ISBN 978-92-9067-232-6 www.iobc-wprs.org Darmstadt (Germany), 2010 Preface The use of exotic species as biological control agents has a long history and there are many examples of success. Indeed, it was a ladybird (the Vedalia beetle, Rodolia cardinalis, introduced from Australia to California to control cottony cushion scale, Icerya purchasi, in citrus plantations) that is thought to mark the advent of modern biological control. Classical biological control success stories are undoubtedly numerous and there are very few examples where problems have occurred. Harmonia axyridis is, however, one such species. This species was introduced intentionally to a number of countries as a biological control agent of pest insects. Although H. axyridis is a success in terms of contributing to the reduction of pest numbers to below economic thresholds, it is considered both a human nuisance in the autumn, as it occupies premises in high numbers, and also a threat to native biodiversity through competition and predation. This species has spread rapidly across northern and central Europe and is now found at high abundance in many countries. Harmonia axyridis has now been recorded as established in (order relates to approximate time of establishment): France (first report), Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Switzerland, Luxembourg, England, Czech Republic, Italy, Austria, Denmark, Norway, Poland, Wales, Liechtenstein, Scotland, Hungary, Slovakia and Bulgaria (last report). Research to quantify the extent of any negative effects is essential, and collaborative effort is necessary to further understanding of this conspicuous invader. In recognition of this, the IOBC/WPRS (International Organization for Biological Control/ Western Palaearctic Regional Section) Study Group “Benefits and Risks of Exotic Biological Control Agents” was established to encourage collaborations on this species and other exotic biological control agents. This study group is not only a forum for those with an interest in biological control but also offers an opportunity to contribute to understanding of invasive species ecology. The movement of species around the globe has been occurring at a staggering rate in recent decades. Many non-native species are considered to be exquisite additions in their new locality but approximately one percent of new arrivals are considered to pose an unacceptable risk to biodiversity and termed “invasive non-native (=alien) species”. Harmonia axyridis is widely accepted to be an invasive non-native species and as such provides a model system for invasion biologists. The first dedicated meeting of this Study Group was held in the beautiful location of Engelberg, Switzerland in September 2009. This four day meeting was a unique opportunity for scientists to gather, share their findings, predictions and future directions on this species and other invasive non-native ladybirds. The collaborative spirit of this IOBC/WPRS Study Group ensures an excellent forum for unravelling the dynamics of Harmonia axyridis and other exotic biological control agents. Helen Roy – Convenor IOBC working group “Benefits and Risks of Exotic Biological Control Agents” i ii iii List of participants Tim Adriaens Alexandre Aebi INBO Agroscope ART Kliniekstraat 25 Reckenholzstrasse 191 B-1070 Brussels, Belgium 8046 Zürich, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Olga Ameixa Dirk Babendreier Inst. Syst. Biol. Ecol. CABI Bioscience Na sadkach 7 Rue des Grillons 1 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic 2800 Delémont, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Nick Berkvens Peter Brown Ghent University Anglia Ruskin University Coupure Links 653 34 Longfields, 9000 Ghent, Belgium Ely CB6 3DN, Great Britain E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Joe Burling Richard Comont Evolutionary Biology Group CEH Wallingford Department of Biological Sciences Benson Lane, University of Hull Crowmarsh Gifford OX10 8BB HU6 7RX, Great Britain Great Britain E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Patrick De Clercq Anthony Dixon Ghent University Inst. Syst. Biol. Ecol. Coupure Links 653 Na sadkach 7 B-9000 Gent, Belgium 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] iv Arnaud Estoup Edward (Ted) W. Evans INRA Utah State University, USA Campus International de Baillarguet Department of Biology, Utah State University 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France Logan, UT 84322-5305, USA E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Benoit Facon Dominique Fleury INRA Ecole Ingénieurs Changins Campus International de Baillarguet Route de Duillier 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez, France 1260 Nyon, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Xenia Fois Bertrand Gauffre ISE-CNR INRA Traversa la Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca 400 Route des Chappes 7040 Li Punti, Italy 6903 Sophia Antipolis, France E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Susanne Harding Louis Hautier LIFE, Univ. of Copenhagen CRA-W Thorvaldsensvej 40 Rue de Liroux, 2 1871 Frederiksberg C. (Copenhagen ), B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium Denmark E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Trond Hofsvang Alois Honek Bioforsk Crop Research Institute Høgskoleveien 7 Drnovská 507 1432 Ås, Norway 16106 Prague, Czech Republic E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] William Hutchison Brecht Ingels University of Minnesota Ghent University 196 Oak Hill Dr. Coupure Links 653 Shoreview, MN 55126, USA 9000 Gent, BE E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] v Firouz Kabiri Stavros Kampouris BIOTOP Tei of Kalamata Route de Biot - D4 Asprochoma 6100 Valbonne, France 24100 Kalamata, Greece E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Angelos Katsanis Marc Kenis CABI Europe-Switzerland CABI Europe-Switzerland Rue des Grillons 1 Rue des Grillons 1 2800 Delémont, Switzerland 2800 Delémont, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Pavel Kindlmann Johannette Klapwijk Inst. Syst. Biol. Ecol. AS IBMA Na sadkach 7 Veilingweg 17 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic 2651BE Berkel en Rodenrijs, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Lori Lawson Handley Andrew Howe University of Hull Forest & Landscape, Unv.Cop Cottingham Road Hoersholm Kongevej 11 HU6 7RX Hull, Great Britain DK-2970 Hoersholm, Denmark E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Eric Lombaert Antoon Loomans INRA Sophia-Antipolis Plant Protection Service 400 route des Chappes Geertjesweg 15 6903 Sophia-Antipolis, France 6706 HC Wageningen, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Zdenka Martinkova Oldrich Nedved Crop Research Institute University of South Bohemia Drnovska 507 Branisovska 31 16106 Prague, Czech Republic CZ37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] vi Naoya Osawa Christelle Péré Kyoto University CABI Europe-Switzerland Kitashirakawa Oiwakecyou Rue des Grillons 1 606-8502 Kyoto, Japan 2800 Delémont, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] C. Lidwien Raak-van den Berg Felipe Ramon Portugal Wageningen University ENFA Droevendaalsesteeg 1 2 route de Narbonne - BP Wageningen, The Netherlands F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Hans Peter Ravn Emma Rhule Forest & Landscape, Unv.Cop University of Cambridge Hoersholm Kongevej 11 Downing Street, DK-2970 Hoersholm, Denmark Cambridge CB2 3EH, Great Britain E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Eric Riddick Helen Roy USDA-ARS CEH 59 Lee Road Benson Lane, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA Wallingford OX10 8BB, Great Britain E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] David Roy Lene Sigsgaard CEH Univ. Copenhagen, LIFE Benson Lane, Thorvaldsensvej 40 Wallingford OX10 8EF, Great Britain 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] António Onofre Soares John Sloggett University of the Azores
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  • Key for Identification of the Ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of European Russia and the Russian Caucasus (Native and Alien Species)

    Key for Identification of the Ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of European Russia and the Russian Caucasus (Native and Alien Species)

    Zootaxa 4472 (2): 233–260 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4472.2.2 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:124F0491-F1CB-4031-8822-B444D874D555 Key for identification of the ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of European Russia and the Russian Caucasus (native and alien species) A.O. BIEŃKOWSKI Institute of Animal Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr., 33, Moscow, 119071, Russia. E-mail: bien- [email protected] Abstract Although ladybirds of European Russia and the Caucasus have been the subject of numerous ecological and faunistic in- vestigations, there is an evident lack of appropriate identification keys. New, original keys to subfamilies, tribes, genera, and species of ladybirds (Coccinellidae) of European Russia and the Russian Caucasus are presented here. The keys in- clude all native species recorded in the region and all introduced alien species. Some species from adjacent regions are added. In total, 113 species are treated and illustrated with line drawings. Photographs of rare and endemic species are provided. Information on the distribution of species within the region under consideration is provided. Chilocorus kuwa- nae Silvestri, 1909 is recognized as a subjective junior synonym (syn. nov.) of Ch. renipustulatus (Scriba, 1791). Key words: Lady beetles, Coccinellids, determination, aborigenous species, introduced species Introduction The family Coccinellidae Latreille (ladybird beetles, lady beetles, ladybug, lady-cow) includes more than 6000 species, distributed throughout the world (Vandenberg 2002). One hundred and five species have been recorded in European Russia and the Russian Caucasus (Krasnodar Krai, Stavropol Krai, Adygea, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia, North Ossetia, Chechnya, Dagestan, Ingushetia) (Zaslavski 1965; Iablokoff-Khnzorian 1983; Savojskaja 1984; Kovář 2007; Korotyaev et al.
  • Phylogeny of Ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Are the Subfamilies Monophyletic?

    Phylogeny of Ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Are the Subfamilies Monophyletic?

    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54 (2010) 833–848 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Phylogeny of ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Are the subfamilies monophyletic? A. Magro a,b,1, E. Lecompte b,c,*,1, F. Magné b,c, J.-L. Hemptinne a,b, B. Crouau-Roy b,c a Université de Toulouse, ENFA, EDB (Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique), 2 route de Narbonne, F-31320 Castanet Tolosan, France b CNRS, EDB (Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique), F-31062 Toulouse, France c Université de Toulouse, UPS, EDB (Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique), 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France article info abstract Article history: The Coccinellidae (ladybirds) is a highly speciose family of the Coleoptera. Ladybirds are well known Received 20 April 2009 because of their use as biocontrol agents, and are the subject of many ecological studies. However, little Revised 15 October 2009 is known about phylogenetic relationships of the Coccinellidae, and a precise evolutionary framework is Accepted 16 October 2009 needed for the family. This paper provides the first phylogenetic reconstruction of the relationships Available online 10 November 2009 within the Coccinellidae based on analysis of five genes: the 18S and 28S rRNA nuclear genes and the mitochondrial 12S, 16S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) genes. The phylogenetic relation- Keywords: ships of 67 terminal taxa, representative of all the subfamilies of the Coccinellidae (61 species, 37 genera), Phylogeny and relevant outgroups, were reconstructed using multiple approaches, including Bayesian inference Coccinellidae Partitioned analyses with partitioning strategies. The recovered phylogenies are congruent and show that the Coccinellinae Evolution is monophyletic but the Coccidulinae, Epilachninae, Scymninae and Chilocorinae are paraphyletic.