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Natural, Cultural and Historic Resources/5 NATURAL, CULTURAL AND HISTORIC RESOURCES/5 5.1/OVERVIEW Environmental resources, in particular waterways, played a (i.e.,FEMA “watertight base flood with elevations walls substantially(BFEs). Nonresidential impermeable buildings to the central role in the development of Biloxi and remain at the passagelocated inof A-zoneswater”) inmust lieu be of elevatedbeing elevated. or may be floodproofed core of the City’s sense of place, culture, heritage, and econ- omy. Biloxi’s major waterways (i.e., the Mississippi Sound, TABLE 5.1/FLOODZONES DEFINED form the City’s boundaries and have supported its develop- the Back Bay, the Tchoutacabouffa River, and the Biloxi River) Special Flood Hazard Area Any portion of the floodplain subject to inundation by the - base flood and/or flood-related erosion related hazards. ism. Biloxi’s scenic and natural resources and mild climate Includes A and V Zones. continuement and to growth attract in residents fishing, trading, and visitors shipbuilding, and help and support tour the City’s economy. Throughout the planning process, partici- Zone V (Velocity) The portion of the Special Flood Hazard Area that extends pants emphasized the importance of preserving and enhanc- from offshore to the inland limit of the frontal dune along ing Biloxi’s valuable natural assets – its waterways, wetlands, an open coast, and any other area subject to high-velocity wave action from storms. beaches, vegetation, and wildlife habitat. In addition to their importance to quality of life and the econ- Coastal A Zone 100-year flood zone landward of a Velocity zone, in which the principal source of flooding is astronomical tides, storm omy, natural resources are critical to Biloxi’s ability to both surges, etc. Coastal A Zones may be subject to wave ef- resist and recover from natural disasters. Sensitive environ- fects, velocity flows, or erosion and are treated as Velocity mental areas include wetlands, steep slopes, hydric soils, and Zones. waterways (Figure 5.1). The City’s waterways and wetlands are illustrated on Figure 5.2. The velocity, 100-year, and 500- Zone A 100-year flood zone. Includes portions of the Special Flood Hazard Area in which the principal source of flooding is run- are illustrated in Figure 5.1 and described in Table 5.1 below. off from rainfall. Floodwaters may move slowly or rapidly, Widelyyear flood recognized boundaries as the are most particularly costly and relevant destructive in Biloxi storm and in but waves are usually not a significant threat to buildings. U.S. history, Hurricane Katrina’s devastation extended beyond Zones B and X (shaded) 500-year flood zone and areas subject to the 100-year flood with average depths of less than one foot and areas pro- estimated to have caused approximately $125 billion in dam- tected by levees from the base flood. agesthe 100-year to the Mississippi to the 500-year coastline floodplain and the boundary. New Orleans The storm metro is Base Flood Elevation (BFE) The elevation shown on the flood insurance rate map for area.1 In May 2009, Biloxi adopted the revised FEMA Digital zones A and V that indicates the surface water elevation Flood Insurance Rate Map (DFIRM) and has updated its Flood resulting from a 100-year flood in any given year. Damage Prevention Ordinance. The Ordinance requires that residential buildings in the A-zones be elevated to meet the Source: City of Biloxi Flood Damage Prevention Ordinance, Chapter 8 1 City of Biloxi Hazard Mitigation/Floodplain Management Plan, 2007 CH 5 / NATURAL, CULTURAL, AND HISTORIC RESOURCES / 75 Environmental ConsiderationsLatimer City of Biloxi, MS Comprehensive Plan Steep Slopes (8% or greater) Lamey Bridge Rd State Hwy 67 Hwy State Wetlands Hudson Krohn Rd Old Hwy 67 Hydric Soils New Highway 67 100 Year Floodzone Tuxachanie Creek Velocity Floodzone Woolmarket Rd. Woolmarket Rd. Water !(67 Lorraine Rd Harrison County Cypress Creek John Ross Road ¨¦§I-10 Old Hwy 15 Miles Dedeaux Road ¨¦§I-10 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 WRT Data Source: City of Biloxi, MS GIS Data; MARIS Popp's Ferry Road ° D'Iberville Miles Biloxi River Tchoutacabouffa River Brodie Road Cedar Lake Rd ¦¨§I-110 Biloxi Biloxi River HS Magnolia Bend St. Martin Gulf Hills Coley Biglin Bayou Island Gulfport Brasher Bayou Goat Island Little Island Big Lake Bernard Bayou Big Island Ocean Springs Popp's Ferry Bridge Keegan Inlet Bayview Ave Bowen St Atkinson Road Brickyard Keesler Bayou AFB St Main Forrest Ave Forrest Pass Road St Caillavet Division St Michael Blvd Big Lake Road Lake Big Lee St Irish Hill Dr Irish Hill Dr Dr Iberville Biloxi Bay Bridge Porter Ave Porter Howard Ave Oak St Howard Ave WhiteAve Biloxi Bay Veterans Ave Veterans Rodenberg Ave Rodenberg Debuys Road ¤£90 Beauvoir Road Beauvoir US Hwy 90 Point Cadet ¤£90 Cowan Road Mississippi Sound Deer Island FIGURE 5.1/ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS 76 / BILOXI COMPREHENSIVE PLAN Waterways and Wetlands City of Biloxi, MS Comprehensive Plan Latimer Hydrology Costapia Bayou Stream State Hwy 67 Hwy State Lake or pond Channel in water area New Highway 67 Tuxachanie Creek Marsh, wetland, swamp, or bog Lorraine RdWoolmarket Rd. Woolmarket Rd. Flats (tidal, mud, (!67 Cedar Lake Rd Old Highway 67 sand, or gravel) Harrison County Bays, estuaries, Mississippi Cypress Creek Sound John Ross Road Coastal Preserves ¨¦§I-10 Old Hwy 15 Coastal Preserves Dedeaux Road ¨¦§I-10 Popps Ferry Road Diberville Blvd D'Iberville Biloxi River Miles Tchoutacabouffa River Cedar Lake Rd 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Brodie Road Biloxi River ¦¨§I-110 WRT Data Source: City of Biloxi, MS GIS Data; MARIS ° Biloxi River Magnolia Bend St. Martin Gulf Hills Coley Biglin Bayou Gulfport Island Bay Shore Dr Brasher Bayou Goat Island Little Island Big Lake Bac Biloxi Ba oxi k Bay of ck Bay of Bil Bernard Bayou Popp’s Ferry Bridge Big Island Ocean Springs Keegan Inlet Bayview Ave Bowen St Atkinson Road Old Bay Road Brickyard Keesler Bayou Main St Main Rodenberg Ave Rodenberg AFB Ave Forrest Pass Road St Caillavet Division St Michael Blvd Debuys Road Big Lake Road Lake Big Lee St Irish Hill Dr Irish Hill Dr Dr Iberville Porter Ave Porter Biloxi Bay Bridge Oak St Main St Main Howard Ave Howard Ave WhiteAve Veterans Ave Veterans Rodenberg Ave Rodenberg Biloxi Bay Beauvoir Road Beauvoir Reynoir St US Hwy 90 ¤£90 St Lameuse Point Cadet Cowan Road ¤£90 Teagarden Road Teagarden Mississippi Sound Deer Island FIGURE 5.2/WATERWAYS AND WETLANDS CH 5 / NATURAL, CULTURAL, AND HISTORIC RESOURCES / 77 Biloxi’s waterways and the diverse inhabitants utilizing them people visited casinos in the state’s coastal region during the have shaped the City’s heritage and cultural traditions. Today 4th quarter of 2008. Throughout the comprehensive planning Biloxi is a multi-ethnic mix of people of Native American, Eu- process, residents and other stakeholders emphasized the ropean, African, and Asian descent. The City’s cultural and need to highlight and retain Biloxi’s history, heritage, and cul- historic resources are evident in its architecture, historic dis- ture as the City redevelops and grows. tricts and sites, traditions, and festivals. Annual festivals and traditions typically focus on Biloxi’s water resources, boating, Key Natural, Cultural, and Historic Biloxi Seafood Festival, Great Biloxi Schooner Races, Missis- Resource Issues sippiand fishing Deep Sea (e.g., Fishing Blessing Rodeo, of theSmoking Fleet theand Sound, Shrimp etc.). Festival, ● Biloxi’s natural and historic resources, heritage, and arts and culture provide opportunities to expand the City’s tour- The City’s cultural and historic heritage is also central to its ist draw, attract new residents, strengthen the economy, and sense of place. While Hurricane Katrina destroyed approxi- improve quality of life. mately one-third of the City’s landmark designated sites and buildings, there are many important sites that have been re- ● Biloxi is rich in natural resources, in particular water re- stored or are currently being renovated, including Beauvoir sources. However, the City’s low-lying areas and location along the Gulf Coast mean that neighborhoods, businesses, and in- Fourchey House (Mary Mahoney’s Old French House Restau- stitutions are vulnerable to storm threats. In 2005, Hurricane rant),(Jefferson City Hall, Davis the House),Biloxi Lighthouse, the Bond-Grant the Saenger House, Theater, the Brunet- and Katrina destroyed or damaged over 20% of the City’s build- the Old Brick House. Since Katrina, the City and its residents ing stock and entire neighborhoods in East Biloxi. Since then, have utilized funds available from FEMA and other sources to many former residents and property owners have neither re- built nor sold their now vacant parcels. preserve Biloxi’s unique architectural heritage. replace and renovate many damaged buildings, in an effort to ● Environmental issues are extremely relevant along the Gulf 2 Coastal Wetlands and Global Biloxi’s heritage is multi-faceted, encompassing the City’s Coast and many cities are anticipating the impacts of climate Climate Change, Louisiana architectural style and historic landmark properties, ship State University & Pew Center on Global Climate Change, - including local and regional experts, agrees that the Gulf Coastal Dec., 2007; Hurricanes and tionship with its surrounding waterways. Since the City was change over the next 50 to 100 years. The scientific community, the U.S. Gulf Coast, American building and fishing traditions, diverse population, and rela known as the “Seafood Capital of the World” in the early 20th Coastal Region include higher temperatures, decreased rainfall, Geophysical Union, June 2006; Region will be affected by climate change. Potential effects in the Confronting Climate Change a sea level rise of 15 inches during this century, and more in- in the Gulf Coast Region, The tense hurricanes (wind speeds, rainfall totals).2 century, Biloxi has remained a tourist destination, defined by Union of Concerned Scientists more recently its gaming and entertainment facilities.
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