Measuring and Encountering Persecution Religious Persecution Is a Phenomenon Experienced by Many Adherents of Various Religions Worldwide
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THE PROTEST ANT CHURCH in KOREA A. the First Protestant Efforts in Korea the History of the Protestant Churches in Korea Begins
CHAPTER FIVE THE PROTESTANT CHURCH IN KOREA A. The First Protestant Efforts in Korea The history of the Protestant churches in Korea begins with certain mis sionary probes which were made from the first third of the nineteenth century onwards. All of these early moves were seen as an extension of the work of various missionary bodies in China. One also gathers from reading the various sources that these early Protestant missionaries were comparatively ignorant of the development of the Roman Catholic Church in Korea. The first Protestant missionary who is known to have made efforts to begin evangelism in the peninsula was Carl FA Gutzlaff (1803 to 1851). A native of Pomerania, and a graduate of the theological school at Halle, Gutzlaff originally served with the Netherlands Missionary Society until 1828 when he resigned from their service. Eventually, he went to Macao, were he renewed his frendship with the great Chinese missionary, Robert Morrison (1782 to 1834). Between the years 1831 to 1833, Gutzlaff undertook several exploratory trips along the coast of China to evaluate the possibility of commencing mission work there. Later, during the years 1833 to 1839, he conducted further explorations and, follow ing the conclusion of the Opium War, created the China Union in 1843. This organization was to be an evangelistic society using native evangelists, and is often referred to as the 'grandfather' of the China Inland Mission. Gutzlaff's untimely death in 1851 precluded further development of this group. During the first series of missionary expeditions, Gutzlaff visited the coast of Korea in 1832 with copies of the Scriptures in Chinese which Morrison had given Gutzlaff to distribute. -
PLEASE NOTE: This Book Contains Graphic Description of Inhuman Acts
PLEASE NOTE: This book contains graphic description of inhuman acts committed by a small but unfortunately significant segment of the Serb nation. It is published for the information of politicians, diplomats, historians, soldiers, reporters and other professionals. Not recommended to the general public. To keep one's sanity it should be read with total professional detachment. Please read POSTSCRIPTUM on page 162 before you start reading the book. It will give you basic knowledge and better understanding of the true nature of the Partisan Warfare. The Publisher TITOIST ATROCITIES in VOJVODINA 1944-1945 SERBIAN VENDETTA IN BACSKA TIBOR CSERES HUNYADI PUBLISHING Copyright © Tibor Cseres 1993 All rights reserved First edition in the English Language Hunyadi Publishing Buffalo, NY - Toronto, Ont. Hungarian title: VERBOSSZU BACSKABAN Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number 92-76218 ISBN 1-882785-01-0 Manufactured in the United States of America 9 AUTHOR'S PREFACE TO THE ENGLISH EDITION At the end of World War I, the southern part of the thousand year old historical Hungary was occupied by Serbian troops. Under the terms of the Paris Peace Treaty in 1921 it was annexed to the Serbo-Croat-Slovenian Kingdom, that later became Yugoslavia. The new name of this territory, situated to the east of present Croatia, was VOJVODINA (also spelled Voivodina or Voyvodina). Its former Hungarian name had been Bacska and Banat. During World War II, in 1941, Germany occupied Yugoslavia. At the same time, Hungary took possession of and re-annexed VOJVODINA from divided Yugoslavia. At the end of 1944, the Serbs reoccupied Bacska, which has belonged to Serbia ever since. -
Bhinneka Tunggal Ika” in Forming Harmony of Multicultural Society
Unconsidered Ancient Treasure, Struggling the Relevance of Fundamental Indonesia Nation Philosophie “Bhinneka Tunggal Ika” in Forming Harmony of Multicultural Society Fithriyah Inda Nur Abida, State University of Surabaya, Indonesia Dewi Mayangsari, Trunojoyo University, Indonesia Syafiuddin Ridwan, Airlangga University, Indonesia The Asian Conference on Cultural Studies Official Conference Proceedings 0139 Abstract Indonesia is a multicultural country consists of hundreds of distinct native ethnic, racist, and religion. Historically, the Nation was built because of the unitary spirit of its components, which was firmly united and integrated to make up the victory of the Nation. The plurality become advantageous when it reach harmony as reflected in the National motto “Bhinneka Tunggal Ika”. However, plurality also issues social conflict easily. Ever since its independence, the scent of disintegration has already occurred. However, in the last decade, social conflicts with a variety of backgrounds are intensely happened, especially which is based on religious tensions. The conflict arises from differences in the interests of various actors both individuals and groups. It is emerged as a fractional between the groups in the society or a single group who wants to have a radically changes based on their own spiritual perspective. Pluralism is not a cause of conflict, but the orientation which is owned by each of the components that determine how they’re viewing themselves psychologically in front of others. “Bhinneka Tunggal Ika” is an Old Javanese phrase of the book “Sutasoma” written by Mpu Tantular during the reign of the Majapahit sometime in the 14th century, which literally means “Diverse, yet united” or perhaps more poetically in English: Unity in Diversity. -
A Theological Analysis of the Non-Church Movement in Korea with a Special Reference to the Formation of Its Spirituality
A THEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE NON-CHURCH MOVEMENT IN KOREA WITH A SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE FORMATION OF ITS SPIRITUALITY by SUN CHAE HWANG A Thesis Submitted to The University of Birmingham For the Degree of MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY School of Philosophy, Theology and Religion College of Arts and Law The University of Birmingham June 2012 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT This study provides a new theological approach for interpreting the Non- Church Movement (NCM) in Korea. Previous studies have been written from a historical perspective. Therefore, an examination of the spirituality and characteristics of the NCM from a theological standpoint is a new approach. The present study investigates the connection between the NCM and Confucianism. It attempts to highlight the influence of Confucian spirituality on the NCM, in particular the Confucian tradition of learning. It also examines the link between the NCM and Quakerism, in particular the influence of Quaker ecclesiology on the NCM. This too has not been examined in previous studies. The thesis argues that the theological roots of NCM ecclesiology lie in the relatively flat ecclesiology of the Quaker movement in the USA. -
Christian Communication and Its Impact on Korean Society : Past, Present and Future Soon Nim Lee University of Wollongong
University of Wollongong Thesis Collections University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Year Christian communication and its impact on Korean society : past, present and future Soon Nim Lee University of Wollongong Lee, Soon Nim, Christian communication and its impact on Korean society : past, present and future, Doctor of Philosphy thesis, School of Journalism and Creative Writing - Faculty of Creative Arts, University of Wollongong, 2009. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3051 This paper is posted at Research Online. Christian Communication and Its Impact on Korean Society: Past, Present and Future Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Wollongong Soon Nim Lee Faculty of Creative Arts School of Journalism & Creative writing October 2009 i CERTIFICATION I, Soon Nim, Lee, declare that this thesis, submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy, in the Department of Creative Arts and Writings (School of Journalism), University of Wollongong, is wholly my own work unless otherwise referenced or acknowledged. The document has not been submitted for qualifications at any other academic institution. Soon Nim, Lee 18 March 2009. i Table of Contents Certification i Table of Contents ii List of Tables vii Abstract viii Acknowledgements x Chapter 1: Introduction 1 Chapter 2: Christianity awakens the sleeping Hangeul 12 Introduction 12 2.1 What is the Hangeul? 12 2.2 Praise of Hangeul by Christian missionaries -
Political Landscapes of Capital Cities Jessica Joyce Christie East Carolina University
Masthead Logo Architecture Books Architecture 2016 Political Landscapes of Capital Cities Jessica Joyce Christie East Carolina University Jelena Bogdanović Iowa State University, [email protected] Eulogio Guzmán School of the Museum of Fine Arts Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/arch_books Part of the Architectural History and Criticism Commons Recommended Citation Christie, Jessica Joyce; Bogdanović, Jelena; and Guzmán, Eulogio, "Political Landscapes of Capital Cities" (2016). Architecture Books. 4. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/arch_books/4 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Architecture at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Architecture Books by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 3 Strategically located on a peninsula on the European The Relational side of the narrow Bosphorus strait that connects the Spiritual Geopolitics of Mediterranean and the Black Seas (by way also of the Constantinople, the Capital Sea of Marmara and the Dardanelles), Constantinople, of the Byzantine Empire the capital city of the medieval Roman Empire that we know as the Byzantine Empire (324–1453), was the larg- 1 est and most thriving urban center in the Old World. Jelena Bogdanović The city was founded by the first Roman Emperor who embraced Christianity, Constantine I (d. 337), as the eponymous capital outside historically dominant urban centers and as the alternative -
Specific Mditions Is That the Phohmpy Or Reproduction Is Not to Be “Used
.. ....... .. I. ... ., ... : .. , . j;. ..... .. .... The Copyright law of the United States (title 17, United States Code) governs the making of phwtmwpies or wtha reproductiwns of mpyrighted material. Under cetZBin conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorid to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specific mditions is that the phohmpy or reproduction is not to be “Used fir my purpose other than private study, schdanhip, or research.” If B user make3 a quest far, or later uses, a photompy or repductim for puqmses in ecess of ‘‘fair we9’’that user may be liable for mpyright infringement, This institution reserves the right to rehe to accept a copying order if, in its judgmenk fulfitlrnent of the order would involve violation ofcoMght Jaw- By the using this materid, you are couwnting t~ abide by this copyright policy, Any duplication, reprodndinn, nr modification of this material without express waitken consent from Asbuv Theological Seminary andhr the original publisher is prohibited. Q Asbury TheoIogi@alSeminary 2009 B. L. Fisher Library Asbuy Ssrnhww 404 North Lexington Ave Witmore, W 40390 ASEURY SEMINARY 1090281833 ABSTRACT KOREAN IMMIGRANTS AND THEIR MISSION: EXPLORING THE MISSIONAL IDENTITY OF KOREAN IMMIGRANT CHURCHES IN NORTH AMERICA Sinyil Kim This is a study of Korean immigrants and their mission, investigating the way Scripture, self-identity, and mission are understood among Korean immigrants in the United States and Canada. The rationale for study was the observation that even though Korean immigrants have often formed very church-centered communities and are involved in mission in many ways, their sense of Christian identity as immigrants, and the missional implications of this status, remain largely undeveloped. -
The Importance of Athanasius and the Views of His Character
The Importance of Athanasius and the Views of His Character J. Steven Davis Submitted to Dr. Jerry Sutton School of Divinity Liberty University September 19, 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter I: Research Proposal Abstract .............................................................................................................................11 Background ......................................................................................................................11 Limitations ........................................................................................................................18 Method of Research .........................................................................................................19 Thesis Statement ..............................................................................................................21 Outline ...............................................................................................................................21 Bibliography .....................................................................................................................27 Chapter II: Background of Athanasius An Influential Figure .......................................................................................................33 Early Life ..........................................................................................................................33 Arian Conflict ...................................................................................................................36 -
James White – Bible Adventism.Pdf
Bible Adventism OUR FAITH AND HOPE. - NO. 1. BIBLE ADVENTISM; or, SERMONS on the C O M I N G and K I N G D O M of OUR LORD JESUS CHRIST. BY ELDER JAMES WHITE. 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ...............................7 Sermon One. THE MILLENNIUM. ...............17 Sermon Two. THE SECOND ADVENT. ............40 Sermon Three. NOAH'S TIME, AND OURS. ......52 Sermon Four. THE CHURCH NOT IN DARKNESS. ..65 Sermon Five. THE TIME OF THE END. .........70 Sermon Six. THE KINGDOM. ..................77 Sermon Seven. THE JUDGMENT. ..............101 Sermon Eight. THE TIME. ..................118 Sermon Nine. THE SANCTUARY. ..............146 Sermon Ten. SAVING FAITH. ................189 INTRODUCTION Text: But sanctify the Lord God in your hearts, and be ready always to give an answer to every man that asketh you a reason of the hope that is in you with meekness and fear. 1 Pet.3:15. OUR name, Seventh-day Adventists, is expressive of two prominent features of our faith and hope. As Adventists, we are looking for the personal appearing and reign of Jesus Christ. And in seeking for that readiness necessary to meet our soon-coming Lord with joy, we have been led to the observance of the seventh- day of the week as the hallowed rest-day of the Creator. These distinguishing features of our religious faith are unpopular. We are fully aware that much prejudice exists in the religious world against many of our opinions of Bible truth. This, however, exists mainly for want of information as to our real positions, and probably, in some degree, for the want of intelligence and piety on the part of some who have represented our views. -
The Challenge to Religious Tolerance: Fundamentalist Resistance to a Non-Muslim Leader in Indonesia
Comparative Civilizations Review Volume 77 Article 8 Number 77 Fall 2017 11-8-2017 The hC allenge to Religious Tolerance: Fundamentalist Resistance to a Non-Muslim Leader in Indonesia Hisanori Kato [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr Part of the Comparative Literature Commons, History Commons, International and Area Studies Commons, Political Science Commons, and the Sociology Commons Recommended Citation Kato, Hisanori (2017) "The hC allenge to Religious Tolerance: Fundamentalist Resistance to a Non-Muslim Leader in Indonesia," Comparative Civilizations Review: Vol. 77 : No. 77 , Article 8. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/ccr/vol77/iss77/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the All Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Comparative Civilizations Review by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Kato: The Challenge to Religious Tolerance: Fundamentalist Resistance t Comparative Civilizations Review 77 The Challenge to Religious Tolerance: Fundamentalists’ Resistance to a Non-Muslim Leader in Indonesia Hisanori Kato Introduction The largest mosque in Southeast Asia, called Istiqlal, stands across the street from a Catholic cathedral in the center of the Indonesian capital, Jakarta. These two major religious buildings in Indonesia stand in a rather peaceful setting. In addition, Candi Borobudur, which is located in Central Java, is the largest and oldest single Buddhist monument in the world, with more than a 1,200-year-long history. Despite the fact that Indonesia is the most populous Muslim nation in the world,1 Indonesia has boasted of its religious tolerance for centuries. -
Indonesia Thailand
INDONESIA THAILAND CAMBODIA MALAYSIA BRUNEI MALAYSIA SINGAPORE SUMATRA ALIMANTAN SULAWESI JAARTA INDONESIA : JAVA BALI BHINNEKA TUNGGAL IKA YOGYAARTA KOMODO / FLORES UNITY IN DIVERSITY LOMBO A vast archipelago stretching for over 5,000 kilometres and BALI encompassing more than 17,000 islands, Indonesia is diverse and fascinating. Its appeal includes traditional cultures, rich Bali Barat National Park volcanic beauty, tropical beaches and imaginative arts and Amlapura Negara architecture. Ubud Denpasar Seminyak Bali’s beaches, easygoing air and warm hospitality have long Denpasar International Airport Kuta Nusa Dua made it a delightful holiday destination. Its interior is lush and Uluwatu green with vast terraced rice fields. Its strong artistic heritage is evidenced by exquisite batik paintings and intricate wood Sumatra’s wild volcanic landscape offers plenty of carvings. Lombok is less well-known and unique in its Sasak options for trekking while its vast crater lake, Lake Toba, heritage and culture. provides a spectacular backdrop for a few days’ relaxing on the island of Palau Samosir. Java plays host not only to the famous Borobudur Temple, an architectural wonder and UNESCO World Heritage Site, but Kalimantan is Indonesia’s portion of the island of also highland retreats, tea plantations, volcanoes and scenic Borneo. Orangutans and proboscis monkeys may be mountain passes. viewed from traditional boats weaving through the waters of the Tanjung Puting National Park. Komodo Sulawesi’s forested heart protects the regency of Tana Toraja dragons are the stars on Komodo and Rinca, two of the where hanging graves and cliffs displaying ancestral sculptures very few islands where these massive lizards live in the are a vital element of the death-venerating culture. -
The Condition of Freedom of Religion/ Belief in Indonesia 2011
EDITOR: Ismail Hasani The ConditionBonar Tigor Naipospos of Freedom of Religion/ Belief in Indonesia 2011 POLITIK DISKRIMINASI REZIM SUSILO BAMBANG YUDHOYONO Kondisi Kebebasan Beragama/Berkeyakinan di Indonesia 2011 Pustaka Masyarakat Setara The Condition of Freedom of Religion/ Belief in Indonesia 2011 Jakarta, January 2012 155 mm x 230 mm vi + 134 pages ISBN: 978-602-18668-0-1 Writers Agnes Dwi R (Jakarta) Akhol Firdaus (Jawa Timur) Apridon Zaini (Sulawesi Utara) Azhari Aiyub (Aceh) Dewi Nova (Banten) Indra Listiantara (Jakarta) M. Bahrun (NTB) M. Irfan (Jawa Barat) Rochmond Onasis (Kalimantan Tengah) Syarif Abadi (Lampung) Editor Ismail Hasani Bonar Tigor Naipospos Layout Titikoma-Jakarta Cover source www.matanews.com Diterbitkan oleh Pustaka Masyarakat Setara The Condition of Freedom of Religion/ Belief in Indonesia 2011 Foreword The freedom of religion / belief condition report in Indonesia in 2011 was presented to the public on December 19, 2011. However, due to various resource constraints this report has just been published in February 2012. As a monitoring report, this publication is intended in order to expand the spectrum of readers and the expansion of Setara community constituency to jointly advocate the freedom of religion / belief in Indonesia. The report titled Discrimination Politics in the Regime of Soesilo Bambang Yudhoyono, is the fifth report since 2007 SETARA Institute publishes an annual report. As written in previous reports, the events of freedom of religion / belief violations reported by using the standard method and recording. Regular modifications madefor the current themes which becomes the tendency in the particular recent years. This time, the report contains nine kinds of topics of discrimination and violence targeting religious groups / beliefs, and spread in different areas.