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A Had Tör Té Ne Ti Mú Ze Um Értesítôje

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A Had Tör Té Ne Ti Mú Ze Um Értesítôje A Had tör té ne ti Mú ze um Értesítôje 17. Acta Musei Militaris in Hungaria Acta Musei Militaris in Hungaria A had tör té ne ti Mú ze um Értesítôje 17 Had tör té ne ti Mú ze um Bu da pest, 2017 A szerkesztôbizottság tagjai Bán Attila, Jakusch Gabriella, Kreutzer Andrea, Makai Ágnes (elnök), Sallay Gergely Pál, Soós Péter, Szoleczky Emese, Tóth Orsolya (titkár), Závodi Szilvia Szerkesztette Závodi Szilvia Az angol fordítás Fröhlich Dávid, a német fordítás Forgács Márton munkája Az angol fordítást Sallay Gergely Pál, a német fordítást Számvéber Norbert lektorálta A fotókat Szikits Péter készítette A kötet támogatója: Nemzeti Kulturális Alap A kötet megjelenését szakmailag támogatta: Hadimúzeum Alapítvány A borítón egy 1898 M ballon szétszedhetô tábori fahangárból történô kivontatása látható. Felelôs kiadó: dr. Kovács Vilmos ezredes, a Hadtörténeti Intézet és Múzeum parancsnoka A kötetet és a borítót tervezte Renkó Marcsi Nyomtatta a Kurrens Print Kft. ISSN 0238–4442 TAR­TA­LOM Értekezések, tanulmányok 9 Gondos László: Felderítôballonok az Osztrák–Magyar Monarchia haderejében, 1890–1918 11 Ságvári György: Az Osztrák–Magyar Monarchia haderejének mûszaki csapatai a Nagy Háború elôestéjén. Szervezet, külsôségek – kultúrtörténeti kitekintéssel 39 Balogh Ádám Tibor: Az Osztrák–Magyar Monarchia egyik hadihajójának brazíliai kiküldetése. Ôfelsége ZRÍNYI korvettje Rio de Janeiro partjainál 1893–1894-ben 79 Kreutzer Andrea – Szoleczky Emese: „A legnagyobb magánhadikórház az egész Monarchiában: a Budai Pénzintézetek Hadikórháza a Fehérvári úton” 101 Forgács Márton: A Piavétôl Kabulig: Adalékok Tóth István Andor (1894–1928) fordulatos életútjához 141 Závodi Szilvia: A katonatiszti családok megélhetésének alapjai. Fizetés, illetmények, pénzbeli juttatások 179 Közlemények 213 Polgár Balázs: James Fitz-James, Berwick hercege és a törökellenes magyarországi hadszíntér (1686–1687) 215 Prohászka László: Medgyessy Ferenc elsô világháborúval kapcsolatos plasztikai alkotásai 235 Czink Péter: A magyar Országos Frontharcos Szövetség egyenruházata. II. rész: Felsôruházat 257 Baczoni Tamás: A Magyar Honvédség új gyalogsági (lövész) málhafelszerelése, 1950 267 Gyûjteményi munka 275 Bobay István Zoltán: Tallózás a „mexikói kaland” emlékei között: Hadtörténeti Intézet és Múzeum (I. rész) 277 Bálint Ferenc: Külföldi huszáremlékek az Egyenruha és Felszerelés Gyûjteményben 315 Pollmann Ferenc: Megszállók és megszállottak: balkáni osztrák–magyar szöveges plakátok az elsô világháború idejébôl 335 Lukács Fanni: Edward J. Czerniuk dandártábornok fordítós film hagyatéka 349 Süttô Mihály – Závodi Szilvia: A Hadtörténeti Múzeum játék-katonái 355 Múzeumunk életébôl, történetébôl 369 Jakusch Gabriella – Závodi Szilvia: A Hadtörténeti Múzeum kiállításai (2007–2017) 371 Kiállítások 397 Balogh Máté: Hunyadiak fegyverben. Egy 14–15. századi páncéltörténeti kiállítás. Idôszaki kiállítás 399 Soós Péter: A RepTár Szolnoki Repülômúzeum 409 Polgár Balázs: „Borsody László, a vívóiskola-teremtô” Idôszaki kiállítás 421 A kötet szerzôi 429 Képmelléklet 431 CONTENTS Essays and Studies 9 László Gondos: Captive Observation Balloons in the Austro–Hungarian Monarchy’s Army, 1890–1918 11 György Ságvári: The Austro–Hungarian Monarchy’s Engineer Troops on the Eve of the First World War. Organisation, Appearances – with an Outlook on Cultural History 39 Ádám Tibor Balogh: The Brazilian Mission of an Austro–Hungarian Battleship – the Corvette HMS Zrínyi at the Coast of Rio de Janeiro in 1893–1894 79 Andrea Kreutzer – Emese Szoleczky: “The Largest Private Military Hospital in the Monarchy: The Financial Institution’s Military Hospital on Fehérvári Road in Buda” 101 Márton Forgács: From the River Piave to Kabul: Additional Data to István Andor Tóth’s (1894–1928) Lively Biography 141 Szilvia Závodi: Salaries as the Basis for the Financial Status of Military Officers’ Families 179 Publications 213 Balázs Polgár: James Fitz-James, 1st Duke of Berwick and the Great Turkish War in Hungary (1686–1687) 215 László Prohászka: Ferenc Medgyessy’s Plastic Works of Art Related to the First World War 235 PÉter Czink: Uniforms of the Hungarian Frontline Fighters’ Association. Part II: Uniform and Accessories 257 Tamás Baczoni: The New Infantryman’s (Rifleman’s) Kit of the Hungarian Defence Forces, 1950 267 Collections 275 István Bobay: Gleaning among the Relics of the “Mexican Adventure” at the Military History Institute and Museum (Part I) 277 Ferenc Bálint: Foreign Hussar Relics in the Uniform and Equipment Collection 315 Ferenc Pollmann: Occupiers and the Occupied: Austro–Hungarian Text Posters in the Balkans during the First World War 335 Fanni Lukács: American Brigadier General Edward J. Czerniuk’s Reversal Film Estate 349 Mihály Süttô – Szilvia Závodi: Toy Soldiers in the Hungarian Military History Museum 355 From the Life and History of the Museum 369 Gabriella Jakusch – Szilvia Závodi: The Hungarian Military History Museum’s Exhibitions, 2007–2016 371 Exhibitions 397 Máté Balogh: The Hunyadis at Arms. A Temporary Exhibition on the History of the Development of Armour 399 Péter Soós: “RepTár” – The Aviation Museum of Szolnok 409 Balázs Polgár: “László Borsody, the Fencing School Founder” – A Temporary Exhibition 421 Authors of the Volume 429 Plates 431 Inhalt Abhandlungen und Studien 9 László Gondos: Fesselballone in den Streitkräften der Österreichisch- Ungarischen Monarchie, 1890–1918 11 György Ságvári: Die technischen Truppen der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie am Vorabend des Ersten Weltkrieges. Organisation, Äußerlichkeiten – mit kulturhistorischem Ausblick 39 Ádám Tibor Balogh: Die Entsendung eines Kriegsschiffes der Österreichisch-Ungarischen Monarchie nach Brasilien – die Korvette S.M.S. ZRÍNYI an den Küsten von Rio de Janeiro in 1893–1894 79 Andrea Kreutzer – Emese Szoleczky: „Das größte private Kriegsspital in der ganzen Monarchie: das Kriegsspital der Budaer Geldinstitute in der Fehérvári Straße“ 101 Márton Forgács: Vom Piave bis Kabul: Beiträge zum wendungsreichen Lebensweg von István Andor Tóth (1894–1928) 141 Szilvia Závodi: Grundlagen des Lebensunterhaltes von Offiziersfamilien: Gehalt, Bezüge, Geldzuwendungen 179 Mitteilungen 213 Balázs Polgár: James Fitz-James, Herzog von Berwick und der ungarische Kriegsschauplatz zur Zeit der Türkenkriege (1686–1687) 215 László Prohászka: Plastiken von Ferenc Medgyessy mit Bezug auf den Ersten Weltkrieg 235 Péter Czink: Die Uniformierung des Landesbundes der Ungarischen Frontkämpfer – Teil II.: Oberbekleidung 257 Tamás Baczoni: Das neue Ausrüstungsgepäck der Infanterie (Schützen) in der ungarischen Honvédarmee, 1950 267 Sammlungen und Werkstättenarbeit 275 István Zoltán Bobay: Eine Auswahl von Andenken des „mexikanischen Abenteuers“: Institut und Museum für Militärgeschichte (Teil I.) 277 Ferenc Bálint: Ausländische Husarenandenken in der Uniform- und Ausrüstungssammlung 315 Ferenc Pollmann: Okkupanten und Besetzte: österreichisch-ungarische Textplakate vom Balkan aus der Zeit des Ersten Weltkrieges 335 Fanni Lukács: Die Umkehrfilme aus dem Nachlass des amerikanischen Brigadegenerals Edward J. Czerniuk 349 Mihály Süttô – Szilvia Závodi: Spielzeugsoldaten im Museum für Militärgeschichte 355 Aus dem Leben und der Geschichte unseres Museums 369 Gabriella Jakusch – Szilvia Závodi: Die Ausstellungen des Museums für Militärgeschichte (2007–2017) 371 Ausstellungen 397 Máté Balogh: Die Hunyadis in Waffen. Eine temporäre Ausstellung über die Geschichte der Panzerrüstungen des 14–15. Jahrhunderts 399 Péter Soós: Das Luftfahrtmuseum „RepTár“ in Szolnok 409 Balázs Polgár: „László Borsody, der Fechtschulen-Erschaffer“ – Temporäre Ausstellung 421 Die Autoren des Bandes 429 Bildbeilage 431 Értekezések, tanulmányok i Gondos László i FelderíTôballonok­Az­OSztrák–MAgyar Monarchia hAderejében,­ 1890–1918 Amikor manapság a világ különbözô légierôirôl esik szó, dübörgô robaj- jal száguldó harci repülôgépek, helikopterek, pilóta nélküli drónok, rakéták, ûrhajók és ûrrepülôgépek jelennek meg a szemünk elôtt. Ha netán egy kissé a történelem iránt is érdeklôdünk és visszapillantunk a hét évtizeddel ezelôtt zajló második világháború eseményeire, hatalmas kötelékekben szálló német, ja- pán, brit és amerikai vadász-, illetve bombázógépek sejlenek fel elôttünk, amint élethalálharcot vívnak az európai, afrikai és csendes-óceáni hadszíntereken. Ha még hátrébb tekintünk, mondjuk úgy száz évvel, lövészárkok felett cikázó egy-, két-, netán háromfedelû gépeket látunk magunk elôtt, melyek fedélzeti géppus- káikból halálos tûzzel árasztják el bôrkabátot, -sapkát és pilótaszemüveget viselô ellenfeleiket. Az apró és törékenynek látszó, vászonnal borított gépek között idônként feltûnik egy-egy méltóságteljesen „úszó”, hatalmas testû léghajó, akár a nagy fehér cápa a kisebb ragadozó halak között. A légi hadviselés története azonban közel sem a repülôgépekkel, még csak nem is a léghajókkal kezdôdött. A kiindulópontot a levegônél könnyebb anya- got tartalmazó és annak aerostatikai felhajtóerejét kihasználó „legegyszerûbb” eszközök, azaz az atmoszférában lebegni és mozogni képes hôlégballonok jelen- tették. Az elmélet kidolgozója az aeronautika (magyarul: léghajózás) kifejezést is megalkotó lombard származású Francesco Lana de Terzi (1631–1687) volt, aki kijelentette: a levegônek súlya van, ami tehát könnyebb nála, az fel is emelkedik benne.1 Az egyre szaporodó kísérletek ellenére a gyakorlati megvalósulásra a 18. század hetvenes-nyolcvanas éveiig, a francia Montgolfier testvérek színrelépé- séig kellett várni. Joseph, az idôsebb fivér, 1782 novemberében végezte el elsô sikeres
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