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Surrealism Key Learning Art Knowledge ARTIST LEARNING ART KNOWLEDGE MAT -YEAR 5 KEY LEARNING Salvador Dalí made paintings, sculptures Surrealism is a period in art history and films about the dreams he had. In this WHAT CAME BEFORE which started in Europe in 1917. The painting called ‘The Dream’, Dali painted a SURREALISM word ‘surrealist’ means ‘beyond reality’. strange, dream-like creature. Can you see This means that surrealist art is an expres- You developed your painting and drawing the ants on the creatures mouth? sion of dreams and the unreal rather than skills in years 3 and 4, when you learned something that is true and rational. MAIN IDEA about painting nature and still life. We will examine surrealist paintings, espe- WHAT COMES NEXT Find out more about surrealism here: cially those painted by Salvador Dali, and give our opinions of this artistic style. We You will continue to learn about art history, https://www.tate.org.uk/kids/explore/ will practice some of the techniques surreal- focusing on impressionism in year 6. You what-is/surrealism ist artists used to draw and paint their pic- will continue to develop your drawing and tures, and have a go at making pictures of painting techniques, adding increased de- our own in this style. tail, mood and effect to your work. Symbolism is when a picture, object, or color is used to represent another idea. Surrealist artists sometimes used symbol- ‘The Dream’ Saltador Dali (1931) ism to convey messages. In this picture, Dalí also painted optical illusions. In this Dali drew soft watches, which were picture the three swans and the trees are Surrealist Techniques meant to tell people that time is fluid. reflected in the lake so that the swans' The drawers in the picture symbolize 1) Place objects where you wouldn’t expect to see them, heads become elephants' heads and the memories that could be locked away. trees become the bodies of the elephants. 2) Place objects that don’t normally go together. You would- n’t normally see a telephone and a lobster! ‘Lobster Telephone’ 3) Make some objects bigger and others smaller than Salvador Dali (1936) they really are. 4) Place some objects flying through the air! Swans Reflecting Elephants’ 5) Use symbolism in your paintings. The Persistence of Memory’ Salvador Dali (1937) ‘ ‘Living Still Life’ Watch this video to learn more about surrealist painting and Salvador Dali (1931) Salvador Dali (1956) drawing techniques: https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=1Tgpk1VJSlU ARTIST LEARNING ART KNOWLEDGE MAT -YEAR 5 KEY LEARNING Mosaics have been a popular art form in Antoni Gaudí was a Spanish Catalan archi- several cultures around the world. A Mo- tect. His most famous work of art is the Sa- WHAT CAME BEFORE saic is made by placing lots of small pieces grada Familia in Barcelona, which is visited by COLLAGE of a material onto a surface, so that to- millions of tourists every year. You experimented with making collages gether they create a pattern or picture. using natural and man-made resources MAIN IDEA Gaudi made mosaics by joining together bro- in key stage one. Mosaics are usually made from pieces of ken pieces of tiles. As he liked the round In this unit we will develop our collage skills, WHAT COMES NEXT glass or stone, but can be made from oth- shapes of nature, and the square tiles were- building on from the work we did in key stage er materials. The small pieces are often n’t the right shape, he thought it was easier one. We will experiment with techniques such You will continue to develop your col- as overlapping, tessellation and mosaic. square, but other shapes can be used. to break them. Gaudi used mosaics to deco- lage skills. You will create and arrange rate this dragon in Park Guell in Barcelona. accurate patterns, experimenting with a A tessellation is when we cover a surface Look at the details on the dragon’s foot. The range of media including mixed media. with flat shapes so that there are no over- pieces of tiles have been put together like a laps or gaps. These floor tiles tesselate. jigsaw. How to make a Tessellating pattern Take a small rectangular piece of card. Draw a shape on one end of the card. Cut out the shape and Sellotape it (no overlaps) onto the opposite end of the card to form a template. Park Güell Entrance Dragon Fountain Antoni Gaudi (1900-1914) KEY VOCABULARY Maurits Cornelis Escher was a Dutch artist Overlapping: The arrangement and stick- who made works of art using shapes. He ar- ing of objects with one object slightly on ranged the shapes so that they fit together top of the other. without overlapping and without leaving Draw around the template again and again to gaps. This is called tessel- Tessellation: placing shapes together with- cover a sheet of paper with tessellating out gaps or overlapping. lating. shapes. Mosaic: a piece of art or image made by putting together small pieces of coloured Study of Regular Division of Colour in your pattern. glass, stone, or other materials. the Plane with Reptiles M.C. Escher (1939) ARTIST LEARNING ART KNOWLEDGE MAT -YEAR 5 KEY LEARNING Weaving is a process in which two or In Islamic countries, woven carpets are used more threads interlock to make useful for prayer and for decoration inside mosques. WHAT CAME BEFORE objects, like cloth and baskets. They are usually hand woven. Have a look at WEAVING this Islamic prayer rug. You will have experimented with using batik Weaving dates back to ancient civilisation dye to decorate fabrics in year 4. MAIN IDEA and can be found in every culture. A loom is a device used to weave cloth. We will begin by exploring the history of ‘ WHAT COMES NEXT Looms can vary in size and shape. weaving. We will look at the work of artists who have used weaving to create works of You will further develop your weaving A vertical hand loom. art, and then use weaving to create our techniques, experimenting with a range of fabrics and materials. own piece of art, inspired by their work. This loom moves when American textile artist Sheila Hicks is known someone presses the for making both small and large works of art pedals with their feet. using textiles. She incorporates found ob- How to Weave with Paper jects into her weavings. In this weaving, called ’Chimera’, she uses cotton, silk and even shells Chimera’ Sheila Hicks (2013) KEY VOCABULARY The weft is the long continuous thread which is wound under and over. Susan McGehee uses coated wire and metal The warp are the tight strings which are instead of thread in her weaving. vertical and hold the weft in place. ‘Gold Wave’ Susan MuGe- hee (2018) .
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