- DECEMBER 15, 1972 25 CENTS VOLUME 36/NUMBER 46

A SOCIALIST NEWSWEEKLY/PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE

Nixon gresses for new concessions ·ema '' ,, • -page• 3

•

Louisiana Black inquiry finds deputies guilty of killing students!11

•'""'--'-- . SWP hits anti-Semitism chaige/14 · In Brief

THIS SPECIAL PATHFINDER PRESS SUPPLEMENT: The Feliciano spoke in particular of the case of Eduardo center four pages of this issue of The Militant should be Pancho Cruz, who was framed up on charges of pos­ of special interest to our readers. There you will find a sessing explosives, and who today, as a result of inade­ WEEK'S complete listing of all books and pamphlets published by quate medical care in prison, is blind in one eye. Pathfmder Press. This supplement can be taken out of MILITANT The Militant for future reference as a reading list or buy­ PHILIP BERRIGAN WINS PAROLE: Father Philip Berri­ 3 U.S. presses for more ing guide. gan, who was serving a six-year prison sentence for concessions as talks go damaging selective service records in a raid on a Balti­ on JULIUS HOBSON HONORED: As the first Black elected more draft board, has been in jail for more than three years. The U. S. parole board says he will be released 4 'Out now' vs. 'Sign now' official in Washington, D. C., a founder of the D. C. State­ hood Party, vice-presidential candidate of the People's Dec. 20. 5 Allende: U.S. trying to Party in 1972, and an activist for many years in the Berrigan was one of the defendants in the Harrisburg strangle Chile struggle for social justice and peace, Julius Hobson is well Seven case, in which he was accused of plotting to kidnap 6 Assault on YSA member known around Washington, D. C. On Nov. 14 more than Henry Kissinger and blow up heating tunnels under gov­ denounced 2,000 people from every sector of the radical movement ernment buildings in Washington. 7 Speech by. household and the Washington, D. C., community turned out to honor him at an informal evening in the Sheraton Park Hotel. worker CHICANO HUACKER GETS REDUCED SENTENCE: Although it was not simply a local affair-Joan Baez, Ricardo Chavez-Ortiz hijacked a jetliner from New Mexico 12 ILGWU pushes 'Buy who makes her home in California was there- D. C. Mayor to Los Angeles last April to publicize the oppression of American' campaign Walter Washington named Nov. 14 "Julius Hobson Day," Chicanos in the U.S. He was sentenced to life in prison. 13 E. Harlem school boy­ and a film on Hobson's life was shown over TV in Wash­ On Nov. 29 his sentence was reduced to 20 years. cott ington. The Associated Press reports that a federal judge in 14 MIT forum -Israel & Los Angeles "believed the man's sincerity but condemned Mideast his method. · "As the wife and six children ... looked on, Judge 19 Nov. 7 youth vote: turn Charles Carr of Federal District Court termed the case to right? 'pitiful' but noted that 20 years was the minimum term 20 How New Zealand soc­ to which he could reduce the sentence." ialists campaigned for Labour victory OPPORTUNITY KNOCKS: The Navy brass knows a 21 Abdeen Jabara hits anti­ good thing when it sees it, and when President Ferdinand Marcos declared martial law in the Philippines recently, Arab attacks the Navy wasn't caught napping. Three American anti­ 22 Kitty Hawk sailors face war activists who comprised the staff of the National trial Lawyers Guild at the huge U. S. naval base at Subic 23 Sailors rebelled against Bay in the Philippines were deported as a result. Navy's WW II racism The three were arrested by the Philippine government on Oct. 18 and charged with antigovernment and procom­ 25 Formation of 1923 munist activities on the basis of information supplied by opposition in USSR the U.S. Navy. Douglas Sorensen, one of those deported, 26 Veteran labor writer explained in an interview given to the New York Times dies Militant/Brian Shannon that "Well over half of our case load was made up of Julius Hobson speaking at Nov. 15, 1969, antiwar demonstra. black defendants even though there was only 5.8 per 28 5,000 workers strike tion in Washington, D. C. LIRR cent blacks in the navy." There are no longer any civil­ ian attorneys available to enlisted men at Subic Bay. DECLINE OF THE EMPIRE, PART II: Last month we reported that hundreds of students at Stirling Univer­ THE NAVY FINDS A NEW GOAT: The Navy brass 2 In Brief sity in Scotland had participated in a spirited protest is trying to pin the blame for three fires that caused $8- 8 In Our Opinion demonstration on the occasion of a visit by Queen Eliza­ to $12-million damage to the aircraft carrier Forrestal Letters beth II. University authorities decided to victimize 24 on July 10 on Jeffrey Allison, a 19-year-old sailor from 9 By Any Means Neces­ students for this action, but it appears that a demonstra­ Oakland. The prosecutor in Allison's trial, which opened tion of some 4,000 people in Stirling-the university it­ Nov. 27, charged that Allison had access to the areas sary self has 2,000 students-resulted in the school administra­ where the fires were found, that he could have set them, National Picket Line tion reconsidering their action. Supporting the demonstra­ and that he had verbally admitted setting them to a Navy 10 Great Society tion were the Scottish Miners Union, the Scottish Trade investigator. Women in Revolt Union Council, the Stirling Labour Party, and other labor The defense answered that many people had access to American Way of Life organizations, according to the November issue of the the area, that many people could have set the fires, and 24 In Review Red Mole, a socialist newspaper published in Britain. that Allison made a written statement to Navy investiga­ tors saying that he didn't set the fires. UAW ESCALATOR CLAUSE PAYS OFF: The agreement in United Auto Workers contracts by which wages rise If you subscribe to The Militant and plan to move WORLD OUTLOOK with inflation has resulted in recent pay increases for more soon, don't forget that the post office does not for­ 1 French abortion struggle than 900,000 workers. Most of the increases have been ward newspapers. Send your old address label continues about 15 cents an hour. and your ne.w address into The Militant business 2 Tory wage freeze poses oHice at least two weeks before you move to ensure challenge for Labour • CANADIAN TROOPS IN VIETNAM? The possibility of that you will not miss any issues. the use of Canadian troops in a "peacekeeping" force in 3 Development of revolu­ Vietnam has sparked considerable debate. The pro-Moscow 'HIS CONDUCT IS EXEMPLARY': Paul Narkin, a tionary socialist mov't Canadian Communist Party has come out for sending the lawyer hired by the Buddhist movement in South Vietnam, in Israel troops, but they're in favor of keeping an eye on them filed suit in San Francisco on Dec. 4 for $400-million in because the Canadian army has played a bad role in damages for the survivors of the Mylai massacre. The the past-like in Korea. The British Columbia branch suit names Lieutenant William Calley and the U. S. govern­ of the New Democratic Party, Canada's labor party, on ment as defendants. Although the U.S. Army has estimated the other hand, recently passed a resolution that it "op­ that as many as 34 7 civilians were murdered by soldiers THE MILITANT poses the use of Canadian peacekeeping troops in Viet­ in the American Division at Mylai, Calley was the only VOLUME 36/NUMBER 46 nam." one ever convicted. He was found guilty of murdering DECEMBER 15, 1972 22 people. PUERTO RICAN NATIONALISTS VICTIMIZED: On CLOSING NEWS DATE-DEC. 6, 1972 Meanwhile, attorneys for Calley argued in Falls Church, Dec. 4 the Manhattan trial of Carlos Feliciano, a Puerto Va., that his sentence- already reduced from life imprison­ Editor: MARY-AliCE WATERS Rican activist charged with possession of explosives and Managing Editor: DOUG JENNESS ment to 20 years- be set aside entirely and the charges Business Manager: SHARON CABANISS the attempted arson of an Army recruiting station, was against him dismissed. Southwest Bureau: HARRY RING postponed until Dec. 19. Feliciano was previously acquitted Calley's attorneys argued that "he was a model officer. of the same charges in the Bronx. He was never a source of trouble. His conduct was ex­ Published weekly by The Militant Publishing Ass'n., Also on Dec. 4, the case of Jose "Che" Velazquez was emplary." Furthermore, they said, the women and chil­ 14 Charles lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. Phone: Ed­ itorial Office 1212) 243-6392; Business Office 1212) postponed until April 30. Velazquez, a member of the dren shot at Mylai were not recognizable as noncom­ 929-3486. Puerto Rican Socialist Party, is charged with refusing batants from a distance, and therefore were "fair game" Southwest Bureau: 11071/2 N. Western Ave., los induction. Following the morning hearings, some 200 for U.S. troops. As for Calley, he "possessed no malice Angeles, Calif. 90029. Phone: 1213) 463-1917. people demonstrated in support of Feliciano and Velaz­ at all on the date of the alleged incident." Second-class postage paid at New York, N.Y. Sub­ quez, and heard speeches by them. scription: Domestic, $5 a year; foreign, SS. By first­ -DAVE FRANKEL class mail: domestic and Canada, S25; all other coun­ tries, S41. Air printed matter: domestic and Canada, S32; latin America and Europe, S40; Africa, Australia, Asia Iincluding USSR), S50. Write for sealed air postage rates. Signed articles by contributors do not necessarily represent The Militant's views. These are expressed in editorial$.

2 As n~otiations continue NPAC &SMC say Washington presses U.S. 'OUT NOW!' for new concessions By PETER SEIDMAN ment's demand of 'total withdrawal' By DICK ROBERTS tatorship in Saigon. Most sources in­ NEW YORK, Dec. 2- The National will not have been accompJished. This DEC. 5 -As of this writing, Henry dicate that Hanoi has agreed to this. Peace Action Coalition (NPAC) and will reduce our ability to move -the Kissinger and Le Due Tho are con­ e Washington is demanding the un­ the Student Mobilization Committee to masses of the American people into tinuing the series of secret negotiations limited "right' to reinforce the Saigon End the War in Southeast Asia (SMC) action to achieve that demand." begun in ·Paris Dec. 4. There has been military-already equipped with the today reaffirmed their demand for the Noting the effect the elections and • no official communication of the sub­ third largest air force in the world. total and unconditional withdrawal of the proposed treaty had in diminish­ stance of these talks. "The latest Paris session," said Times the U.S. war machine from South­ ing the turnout for the Oct. 26 and And consequently there is still no Washington correspondent Gwertz­ east Asia. Nov. 18 demonstrations called by way of knowing when a cease-fire man, "also produced an agreement The action was taken at a national NPAC, Gordon said, "It's not our feel­ tre~ty will be signed, despite continu­ under which the United States can steering committee meeting of the two ing that we can project a mass dem­ ing hints from Washington and Sai­ send Saigon military equipment with­ antiwar organizations, the first since onstration for the spring at this time." gon that a settlement of the war is out regard to the previous limits of Hanoi's Oct. 26 announcement of the Gordon urged NPAC chapters to near. one-for-one replacements of worn-out nine-point "peace" treaty under discus­ seek ways to continue to publicize the With rumors flying hot and heavy items." sion with Washington. One hundred Out Now demand. "We think there in virtually every major world capi­ • Concrete terms for a cease-fire in and fifty-four NPAC and SMC leaders ought to be a basis for unity against tal, it is well to heed the warning of Lads and Cambodia are under dis­ and activists from 35 cities in 20 states the war in these days when through New York Times correspondent Flora cussion. Gwertzman believes that the met at New York University to hear his bombing and maneuvering Nix- Lewis, writing from Paris, Dec. 4. new agreement provides that "The a report from Jerry Gordon, an NPAC "Contradictory rumors about conces­ North Vietnamese will remove their national coordinator, and to discuss . sions, agreements, pressures and plans forces from Laos and Cambodia . the organization's future plans. continued to rise around the secret Other foreign forces, such as Thai and In his report, reflecting the thinking talks," Lewis stated. "None received au­ American, will also leave those coun­ of NPAC's coordinating committee, thoritative confirmation, nor was there tries." Gordon said: "NPAC stands for the any word whether this round of nego­ • According to these sources, the fate total, unconditional withdrawal of all tiations would continue beyond tomor­ of political prisoners in Thieu's jails U.S. forces and materiel from South­ row." remains unresolved. New York Times east Asia.... " The most persistent rumors suggest correspondent Craig R. Whitney re­ Gordon reaffirmed that "Out Now­ that Washington is pressing Hanoi ported from Saigon Dec. 2 that when Stop the Bombing Now" remained for further concessions beyond those Kissinger and Le Due Tho met in NPAC's central demand. Referring t9 outlined in the nine-point treaty Hanoi Paris Nov. 21, "Mr. Tho presented the demand "No U.S. Conditions," made public Oct. 26. a list of demands by the Vietcong­ Gordon said, "We are not stating this • Hanoi is being pressed to with­ the National Liberation Front and draw North Vietnamese troops from the Provisional Revolutionary Govern­ to the Vietnamese. They have the right South Vietnam. According to a Dec. ment. to sign whatever treaty they think is 1 New York Postdispatchfrom Wash­ "The demands were that President necessary. We are not directing this ington, a new agreement has been Thieu be removed as head of the Sai­ demand at other sections of the anti­ worked out between Washington and gon Government, that all political pris­ war movement. We are directing it Hanoi. "Although the agreement falls oners and military detainees in South at the Nixon administration." Jerry Gordon Militant/Howard Petrick short of an ironclad agreement on Vietnam be immediately released, and Gordon emphasized that despite North Vietnamese withdrawals as that the National Council be strength­ presidential aide Henry Kissinger's sought by Saigon, there is provision ened to act as the·equivalent of a coali­ announcement that "peace is at hand," for a reduction of North Vietnamese tion government. the U.S. government has not only on is trying ·to wrench further con­ forces," according to the Post. continued its record bombing of Viet­ cessions from the Vietnamese." But in a Dec. 3 article written from nam but has also moved rapidly to Gordon proposed that the steering Washington, New York Times corres­ "North Vietnam had confined its de­ reinforce the Thieu regime with "ci­ committee issue a press release reaf­ pondent Bernard Gwertzman listed mands about prisoners to a propagan­ v~lian advisers" and huge amounts firming its demand for total and un­ this as one of the questions remaining da campaign urging their release, but of war materiel. conditional withdrawal and accompa­ to be settled. "Previously," said Gwertz­ had not made it a condition of a In this context he said, "The treaty ny this with a fact sheet outlining the man, ·"Hanoi had indicated tacit agree­ c~ase-fire accord." will not resolve any of the social prob­ atrocities still being committed against ment to remove some forces; further Takashi Oka, Christian Science lems in South Vietnam which led to Vietnam. cuts, it said, would have to be nego­ Monitor correspondent in Paris, wrote the war. It's clear that this 'peace' He reported that WAPAC, NPAC's tiated by the Vietcong · and Saigon Dec. 5 that "Sa~gon fears the council will not be stable" and that the pos­ affiliate in Washington, D. C., was dis­ administrations." which would include Viet Cong, Sai­ sibility of direct U.S. military involve­ cussing plans for a Christmastime • Hanoi is being pressed to agree gon, and neutralist elements, will be ment will remain. picket of the White House. to the reestablishment of the "demili­ a disguised coalition government. On Gordon pointed out, however, that Finally, Gordon reported the coor- . tarized zone" between North and South these issues, it seems, the draft agree­ the signing of the agreement will have dinating ·committee's proposal "that I Vietnam. This would add to the fake ment reached last month will stand an effect on the antiwar movement. NP AC defer plans to go ahead with .. legitimacy of the U. S.-imposed die- substantially as it is." "If .fue bombing is stopped, the re­ its national conference, originally maining U. S. troops withdrawn, and slated for Jan. 12-14, until the mil­ the prisoners of war released," he said, itary and political situation in Viet­ "NP AC will welcome this. But most nam becomes more clarified." people would then think the war is ·After a full discussion, Gordon's re­ Hanoi complains about over, even though the antiwar move- port was approved unanimously. low level of Soviet aid The leaders of North Vietnam are of Haiphong harbor, Soviet aid has bitter about the military aid they re­ thinned out, and North Vietnam has ceive from the Soviet Union, accord­ had to cut down on firing its anti­ ing to Paris reporter Milt Freuden­ aircraft rockets. heim writing in the Dec. 1 New York "President Nixon's warmly wel­ Post. Freudenheim's information came comed visits to Moscow and Peking from reports by Olivier Todd, Hanoi infuriated North Vietnam. It sees 'Chi­ correspondent for the weekly Paris nese communism as almost impure magazine Le Nouvel Observateur. as the Soviet kind,' Todd reports. . . . "Hanoi is painfully aware that the "Soviet President Podgorny visited Soviets gave SAM-3 missiles and MIG- Hanoi and 'preached cease-fire before 23 jets to the Egyptians, writer Olivier settling of a political solution, which Todd says he was told by North Viet­ . ; . Kissin·ger was to extract in part namese," Freudenheim states. The from Le Due Tho almost four months North Vietnamese asked Todd: "Do later in Paris,' Todd says. you believe that our government has "'For a long time, the Russians have watched our population massacred favored settling the Vietnamese ques­ without dreaming of the possible mil- tion, even at the price of returning to . itary counter-measures?" the status quo of 1954, a nightmare "Instead Hanoi has had only some for the North Vietnamese.'" improved Chinese-made MIG-19s, an According to Freudenheim, Todd early model, some Russian MIG-21s also reports that "In Hanoi, Soviet and less-sophisticated types of surface­ diplomats, journalists, technicians, re­ to-air missiles to oppose the virtually peat ceaselessly: 'The North Vietnam­ impregnable sophisticated equipment ese are crazy. They are at the end of high-flying U.S. B-52s," Freuden­ of their rope. The longer the war lasts, NPAC demonstration in Boston, Nov. 18 Militant/Dave Wulp heim continues. the less the compromise, inevitably, "Since last summer's U.S. blockade will be good for them.'"

THE MILITANT/ DECEMBER 15, 1~72 3 I. F. Stone on Answer to PCPJ 1 Guardian treaty= ·a bad deal that may 'OUT OW' versus 'SIGN OW' By PETER SEIDMAN called by NPAC, in New York and itary forces from their soil." Because At a conference held in Chicago on Los Angeles on April22. of these facts, they have had to ac­ not work' Dec. 4, the People's Coalition for Peace Given the weakness of th!! Thieu cept the continued existence of the By ED SMITH and Justice (PCPJ) announced it was regime and the sharpening opposi­ Thieu regime and a whole new stage The nine-point cease-fire proposal for launching a national "Sign the Agree­ tion within the U.S., what forces ex­ of American infiltration of "civilian Indochina is "like a delicate watch, ment Now" campaign. This effort to isted that could rescue Nixon from advisers" into South Vietnam to back intricately fabricated to make sure it mobilize the American people to de­ his dilemma? The answer lay in Mos­ up that regime. It is for these reasons won't work," I. F. Stone declared in mand that Nixon sign the proposed cow and Peking. that The Militant and the Socialist the Nov. 30 New York Review of nine-point "peace" plan is vigorously On May 8, President Nixon made Workers Party have said that the big­ Books. supported by both the Communist his famous speech announcing the gest concessions made in the Oct. 26 Stone, who has written scathing in­ Party and the Guardian newspaper. mining of the harbors of Haiphong. treaty announced by Hanoi were made dictments of Moscow and Peking for As part of their efforts to build such This move, the Pentagon papers by the liberation fighters. putting pressure on Hanoi to settle a campaign, the CP and the Guardian prove, had always been rejected pre­ The North Vietnamese and. the PRG the war, believes that the proposed have fpund it necessary to attack the viously l:ly the imperialists as a pos­ may feel they must make these con­ cease-fire is mainly to the advantage National Peace Action Coalition sible "flash poinf' that might provoke cessions to survive. But if these con­ of the Thieu regime." ... the Vietnam (NPAC) and the Socialist Workers Moscow and Peking into direct con­ cessions were made from a position war has been bypassed by the detente Party ( SWP), which supports NPAC. frontation with the U.S. over Vietnam. of strength, as the Guardian main­ among Washington, Peking, and Mos­ Both NPAC and the SWP have in­ By May 10, a broad coalition of tains, why have the Vietnamese cow," says Stone. "In short, Nixon sisted that the antiwar movement antiwar organizations, including dropped their demand for the ouster can pretty much write his own terms should not demand of Nixon that he NPAC and PCPJ, had called for an of Thieu, which they held until Oct. and has." sign the nine-point treaty, but rather emergency march on Washington, 8? Why have they agreed to allow The Thieu government is likely to that he unconditionally withdraw all D. C., on May 21 to protest Nixon's an international control commission remain in power indefinitely, accord­ U.S. forces from Indochina. The acts. This demonstration began to to enter their land? ing to Stone, because of the loose pro­ Guardian, in a Nov. 29 editorial, de­ gather significant trade-union support. It is true that the U. S, imperialists visions for elections: "There is no pro­ scribes these positions as "thoroughly The risk of a massive upsurge on have made some concessions also, but vision for Thieu' s resignation before reactionary." the order of the one that had greeted the important thing to understand is the election. The existing government The Guardian editorial bases its at­ the invasion of Cambodia in May that they are not giving up anything is no longer excluded from responsi­ tacks against the SWP on two argu­ 1970 was very real-and one Nixon basic to the continued maintenance of bility in holding the elections; no Clear ments. The first is that the Vietnam­ wanted to avoid, especially during a their power in South Vietnam because, line is drawn between what the Thieu ese have won an agreement in which presidential election year. thanks to the cooperation of Moscow government can do and what an elec­ the major concessions were made by But the bureaucrats in the Kremlin and Peking, they do not have to. toral commission will do: what hap­ U.S. imperialism in the wake of a went ahead with their plans to wel­ In their editorial, the Guardian ed­ pens if the latter is reduced to observ­ still-continuing offensive launched by come Nixon to Moscow on May 22. itors attack as "far-fetched" the anal­ ing the irregularities of the former? the liberation forces last spring. Nor did· Peking take any action to ogy The Militant made in previous Thieu will continue to be ·in control "... the Vietnamese people are now stay Nixon's hand. The message was articles between the nine-point treaty of the army and the police, and there preparing to complete the total ex­ made loud and clear to the liberation and the Brest-Litovsk Treaty, which is no way to keep him from using pulsion of U.S. military forces from forces: the Soviet Union and China, was imposed on Soviet Russia by im­ them to harass the opposition and their soil," the Guardian editors write. even in the face of dangerous esca­ perialist Germany in 1918. herd the voters." · "This is the real meaning of the nine­ lations of the war, will take no steps But, as we have shown, tP.e analogy Stone notes the previous opposition point draft peace agreement negotiated that might endanger their "peaceful holds because the nine-point treaty has of the Provisional Revolutionary Gov­ last month.... " coexistence" with U.S. imperialism. been imposed upon the Vietnamese. ernment of South Vietnam to these Hence, the SWP is wrong to oppose terms. "The PRG felt that free elections the treaty because rather than repre­ would be impossible unless Thieu re­ senting imperialist concessions wrung signed and his repressive apparatus from the Vietnamese, it represents ma­ Chicago Public was 'dismantled.' The PRG proposed jor concessions won by the Vietnam­ the establishment of a tripartite co­ ese from the imperialists. · alition 'to organize general elections Second, they argue that the SWP, War Crimes in to name a constituent assembly which while paying lip service to the Viet­ will write a .new constitution and set namese people's right to self-determi­ up a definitive government in the nation, in practice violates this prin­ South.'" ciple by not joining in the interna­ Stone speculates thal Hanoi released tional campaign called for by Hanoi the terms of the proposed treaty in and the Provisional Revolutionary an attempt to get Nixon to sign be­ Government to win support for the fore the elections. But "Nixon figured treaty. he didn't need the October 31 signing to win the election. He took the con­ What happened to oHensive cessions and decided to wait and ask The North Vietnamese-National Lib­ for more." eration Front offensive that began in April 1972 was powerful proof of the Nixon is fully prepared to reesca­ Nov. 18 NPAC hearings in Chicago Carlo Hilary Dolinko late the war to come to Saigon's res­ massive popular support and military cue, Stone points out. Nixon's "hands strength of the liberation forces. are freed for further action if the cease­ Thieu' s army was routed on three fire breaks down.... main fronts: in Quangtri Province, to Further, the accommodation be­ Radicals who support this treaty are giving it left cover, making it easier "There is no sign that Nixon is pre­ the point of threatening Hue; in Kon­ tween Moscow and Washington rep­ paring to get out of Southeast Asia. tum province; and around Anloc, resented by Nixon's May summit for the U.S. government to get away with its crimes. These are precisely the The latest reports seeping out of the threatening Saigon itself. meeting disoriented and diffused the reasons why Lenin denounced as State Department on its current Cam­ While President Thieu described the antiwar mobilization. Trade-union "swine" the German Social Democrats bodian and Laotian negotiations in- · fighting to hold back the offensive as support for the May 21 action weak­ who voted in the Reichstag to approve dicate that we hope to keep both Lon his regime's "decisive battle," Sydney ened. Many students and other ac­ the Brest-Litovsk Treaty. Nol and Souvanna Phouma under Schanberg, writing in the May 3 New tivists took a wait-and-see attitude. our wing; the cease-fire agreement lim­ York Times, revealed the kind of What might have been a massive out­ 'Pious pronouncements' its neither military nor economic aid troops he had to fight with: "Thou­ pouring of people electrified by their But, says the Guardian in its second to either regime." sands of panicking South Vietnamese opposition to Nixon's escalation be­ argument, "At a time when all of pro­ Nixon is utilizing the delay in the soldiers-most of whom did not ap­ came instead an action involving gressive humanity is accepting the signing of the accords to "exact new pear to have made much contact with about 15,000 people. leadership of the Vietnamese revolu­ concessions, mainly the removal of the advancing North Vietnamese -fled Hence on two fronts- militarily in tionary forces themselves, it is certain­ a sizable number of North Vietnam­ in confusion fron Quangtri Province Vietnam, and politically here in the ly noteworthy that only the Trotskyists ese troops as the price of a cease­ today, streaming south down Route 1 U.S.- the liberation forces were dealt refuse to accept that leadership-des­ fire agreement," Stone believes. like a rabble out of control." blows. By April 18, the Paris daily Le This is not to say that the fighting pite all of their pious pronouncements Monde had concluded that the policy has stopped. Or that the offensive, with­ on self-determination." of "Vietnamization," touted by Nixon out these obstacles, might not have The Socialist Workers Party and the as the U. S. key to "getting ouf' of succeeded in toppling the Thieu re­ Young Socialist Alliance have not sim­ Vietnam, was a failure. This conclu­ gime. It is simply to recognize the ply been making "pious pronounce­ sion was obvious to all observers of fact that without adequate political or ments" about the right of self-deter­ the war. military support from Moscow and mination for Vietnam. They have To shore up the crumbling Thieu Peking, the massive U. S. bombing helped lead actions to achieve these regime, Nixon assembled the heaviest effort has succeeded where the South ends. As the Guardian editorial itself armada of bombers, aircraft carriers, Vietnamese army clearly failed in admits: "The SWP has played a lead­ and fighters ever seen in Vietnam. maintaining Thieu in power and hold­ ing role in the antiwar movement.... Within the U. S., the antiwar move­ ing together his regime. In their devotion to the tactic of mass ment responded to Nixon's bombing Precisely because of these facts, the demonstrations when others were com­ assault with its own offensive, which Vietnamese have been unable "to com­ plaining that they were tired of march- culminated in massive demonstrations, plete the total expulsion of U.S. mil- Continued on page 26 I. F. Stone Militant/Eli Finer

4 Dublin U.S. trying to strangle Chile, steps up

Salvador Allende/ states in UN drive on By DAVE FRANKEL cott, declared in response to Allende's NEW YORK, Dec. 5-Speaking to charges: the United Nations General Assembly "No amount of rhetoric can alter IRA yesterday, President Salvador Allende the fact that Kennecott has been a By DAVE FRANKEL of Chile accused the U. S. government responsible corporate citizen of Chile DEC. 5 -As the conflict between Cath­ and U. S. corporations of attempting for more than 50 years and has made olic nationalists and pro-British Prot­ to topple his government. substantial contributions to both the estants in Northern Ireland continues, "From the very day of our election economic and social well-being of the attention over the last two weeks has triumph on Sept. 4, 1970," Allende Chilean people." been focused on events in Dublin. In said, "we have felt the effects of large­ In his speech, Allen!fe had pointed the Irish Republic, the government of scale external pressure against us, out that Chile's foreign debt had swol­ Prime Minister Jack Lynch has which tried to prevent the inaugura­ len to more than $4-billion, requiring stepped up its campaign against the tion of a government freely elected more than 30 percent of its annual nationalist movement. by the people and which has tried exports just for the payment of in­ On Nov. 19 the Irish government to bring it down ever since." terest on this debt. arrested Sean MacStiofain, the man Allende charged that U. S. interests "The nationalization of our basic reputed to be chief of staff of the Pro­ have "tried to cut us off from the resources constituted an historic act world, to strangle our economy, and of reclamation," he said. Chile could visional Irish Republican Army Salvador Allende (IRA). Six days later a special court, to paralyze trade in our principal ex­ no longer tolerate "the state of sub­ sitting without a jury, sentenced Mac­ port, copper, and to deprive us of ordination implied by the concentra­ Stiofain to six months' imprisonment access to sources of international fi­ tion of more than 80 percent of its gigantic corporation whose capit!!l is for his alleged role in the outlawed nancing." exports in the hands of a small group bigger than the national budgets of organization. He described the abrupt cutoff of of large foreign companies which have several Latin-American countries put Irish authorities had already pros­ some $80-million a year in loans that always placed their own interests be­ together, and bigger even than that ecuted 139 people in such special Chile had formerly received from in­ fore the needs of the countries in which of some of the industrialized countries, courts, set up by new repressive legis­ ternational finance organizations, the they are making exorbitant profits." launched a sinister plan to prevent lation passed earlier this year. And withdrawal of bank credits and gov­ Both Kennecott and ITT have me from acceding to the presidency. shortly before MacStiofain' s arrest, the ernment credits from the U.S., and claimed that they did not receive "equi­ ... "Before the conscience of the world police had closed down the headquar­ the obstruction Chile had encountered table compensation" for their property. I accuse the ITT of attempting to ters of the Provisional Sinn Fein in in trying to obtain bank credits in Allende explained that between 1955 bring about civil war in my coun­ Dublin. The Sinn Fein, the political Western Europe. Allende said that and· 1970 Kennecott averaged a rate try. That is what we call imperialist arm of the IRA, ·is a legal organi­ such action "represents the exertion of profit of 52.8 percent a year­ action," declared Allende. zation in the Irish Republic. of pressure on an economically weak significantly higher than the 12 per­ Enthusiastic applause and shouts of But the Lynch government had just country, the infliction of punishment cent allowed by Chilean law. "Viva Allende!" greeted the end of the begun. On Nov. 27, during a total on a whole nation for its decision to In the last 42 years, he said, the speech to the General Assembly. hunger strike by MacStiofain and fol­ recover its own basic resources, and companies exploiting Chile's copper George Bush, the U.S. representative lowing a demonstration of 10,000 in a form of intervention in the internal have taken out some $4-billion in to the UN, held a press conference Dublin demanding his release, the affairs of a sovereign state. profits, with an initial investment of in which he maintained that Amer­ government proposed a sweeping new "In a word, it is what we call im­ no more than $30-million. Chile only ican investments abroad were not in­ bill to increase its repressive powers. perialism." "put right a long-standing injustice" tended to exploit foreign countries. The law provides for up to five years' The two major companies whose by deducting from the indemnification Several hundred people demonstrated imprisonment for membership in the assets in Chile have been nationalized that these companies were paid their outside of the UN during Allende's IRA. A police superintendent's "belief' are Kennecott Copper and the Inter­ profits in excess of 12 percent a year speech to show their support for him that a person is a member of the IRA national Telephone & Telegraph. since 1955. and their opposition to U.S. inter­ is sufficient evidence for conviction. Frank Milliken, president of Kenne- In response to this, "The ITT, a ference in Chile. Opposition parties in the Dail (par­ liament) vowed opposition to the pro­ posed law, but on Dec. 2, following three explosions in the center of Dub­ lin, the bill was passed overwhelm­ ingly. The bombings, which killed two people and wounded 7 3, were dis­ avowed by both the Provisional and the Official IRA, and by the right­ wing Protestant Ulster Defense Asso­ ciation. Whoever planted the bombs, it is clear that the immediate bene­ ficiary was the Lynch government and its senior partner in London. A Dec. 4 AP dispatch reported that "Irish and British security chiefs ex­ changed information today in a cam­ paign to trap dozens of commanders of the Irish Republican Army who are now reported to be fleeing to Eng­ land and Northern Ireland to evade arrest in the Irish Republic." Lynch's latest attacks, while focused on t~e Provisional IRA, will affect the rights of all political dissenters, and of the population in the South Chilean demonstration against Kennecott Copper Company. Banner says 'The copper is Chile's.' Tricontinental News Service"" of Ireland as a whole. Already, the board of directors of Irish radio and television has been replaced by more pliable officials because the board had planned to broadcast an interview with MacStiofain. Dublin radio broad­ Magee barred from S.F. courtroom caster Kevin O'Kelly, who taped the By MICHAEL SCHREIBER On Dec. 4, Magee entered a court- was promptly shoved out of the court- interview, was sentenced to three SAN FRANCISCO-Ruchell Magee's room almost empty of spectators, room by sheriff's deputies. months in prison for refusing to iden­ efforts to speak on his own behalf clutching a tiny slip of paper behind Robert Carrow and chief prosecutor tify MacStiofain. have caused him to be ejected from his back. Albert Harris are continuing to ask Protests against these repressive the courtroom every day since Nov. When Colvin issued his routine re- potential jurors whether pretrial pub- measures have continued in Ireland. 27, when his trial for murder and quest that Magee promise not to dis- licity has biased their opinions of the On Nov. 28 there was a one-day strike kidnapping opened here. rupt the court proceedings, the de- defendant. Ellis Goldberg, who re- of journalists, which followed a two­ fendant gestured with the piece of ported on the Angela Davis trial for day radio and television strike. In Magee claims that Judge Morton paper and responded, "Motion to disc the People's World (West Coast voice New York, 150 to 200 people par­ Colvin's stipulations that he speak miss this KKK lawyer from this case." of the Communist Party) was dis­ ticipated in a picket line outside the only through his court-appointed at­ missed from the jury Dec. 1 on the Irish Airlines offices on Dec. 2. The torney would legitimatize previous Before considering Magee's motion, grounds that he had access to sources action was called by the Irish North­ rulings that have denied him an op­ the judge insisted, he must first be of information beyond those available ern Aid Committee and the Official portunity to argue against the in­ given assurance that Magee would be­ to the general public. Irish Republican Clubs. sufficient evidence for which he was have. Magee delicately repeated his Carrow has appealed Judge Col­ sentenced to life imprisonment in 1963 statement, this time mentioning at­ vin's order that the jury be sequestered and in retrial in 1965. torney Robert Carrow by name, and for the duration of the trial.

THE MIUTANT/ DECEMBER 15, 1972 5 YWLL urged to reP-udiate beating_ Newark Blacks Assault on Young Socialist determined Alliance member denounced togo ahead NEW YORK, Dec. 6- The national executive com­ be allowed to vote. After the YSA presented its mittee of the Young Socialist Alliance issued a pub­ arguments, two 1WC members spoke in favor lic statement today strongly condemning the phys­ of the YSA's right to a charter. with high-rise · ical attack on a YSA member by a leader of the At this point a motion was introduced by the By DERRICK MORRISON Young Workers Liberation League (YWLL) and 1WC and passed to refer .the whole question to NEW ARK, Dec. 4 -Whites continued picketing the two others last week. the Political Education Committee, and to uphold Kawaida Towers construction site today. Only Will Stanley, a YSA member and a student at revocation of the YSA charter pending the com­ a handful of workers showed up, and these were Borough of Manhattan Community College mittee's decision. This was intended to ensure that mostly Black laborers. Anthony Imperiale, the (BMCC) here, was beaten by three members of the issue of the YSA's right to a charter would state assemblyman leading the racist action, an­ the Third World Coalition (1WC) on Nov. 29. not come up again at SGA meetings. nounced that the ironworkers, electricians, plumb­ One of his attackers was Richard Hoyen, the na­ As Stanley and Harris left the meeting, Hoyen ers, and other skilled workers had decided not tional peace director of the YWLL and an officer grabbed Stanley and attempted to force him to to cross the picket line. This meant that there of the 1WC. Hoyen is also the national director leave the building. When Stanley resisted, he was would not be much work done on a partially­ of the Nguyen Van Troi Hospital Fund. attacked by Hoyen and two other 1WC members. laid foundation for the 16-story, 210-unit housing The assault took place on the BMCC campus They pushed him to the ground and kicked him project. as Stanley and another YSA member, Joseph Har- several times, twice in the face. Harris was also For the few workers who did show, a heavy shoved around. police guard was required to escort them to the In a letter dated Dec. 1, YSA National Chair­ site. Over the past month Imperiale has mobilized man Andy Rose asked Jarvis Tyner, national several hundred whites at the entrance of the site, chairman of the YWLL, "Where does the YWLL thus effectively shutting it down. stand on democracy in the movement? Does the Despite these difficulties and a threat by a local YWLL condone such undemocratic actions as the Teamster president not to deliver construction physical attack on two YSA members ... Nov. materials across the racist picket line, Naibu 29?" Mchochezi, communications director for the Com­ Tyner has not yet responded to the letter. How­ mittee For a Unified Newark (CFUN), is confi­ ever, YSA National Organization Secretary Laura dent that the housing will be built. Miller spoke by phone to YWLL National Or­ Mchochezi is a priest of the Temple of Kawaida, ganization Secretary Matty Berkelhammer Dec. 4 a Pan-African nationalist religious organization regarding the attack. Berkelhammer said that in headed by Imamu Amiri Baraka. The Temple general the YWLL is opposed to violence within initiated Kawaida Towers, Inc., the group spon­ the movement. When asked specifically about the soring the low- and middle-income housing proj­ BMCC incident, he was evasive, saying it depended ect. In September 1971 the Temple got the city on "what the situation was." council (composed of six whites and three Blacks) Miller also asked Berkelhammer whether the to pass a tax abatement resolution for the proposed YWLL supported the YSA's right to campus rec­ project. This stipulated that the city government ognition at BMCC. He replied that the YWLL would take 15 percent of the project's rents rather backs the student government's "righf' to exclude than collect taxes on it. political groups it disagrees with. Then last March, at a meeting in Mayor Kenneth The YSA national executive committee statement Gibson's office, the Housing Finance Agency of the points out that the attack on Stanley and the de­ State Department of Community Affairs approved nial of a charter to the YSA are "important ques­ the Temple's application for a $6.4-million, 48- tions before the entire student movement." year mortgage to finance the project. The YSA plans to distribute the facts in the The sponsors attempted to get urban renewal BMCC case to radical organizations, student land--of which there is plenty-in Central Ward. groups, and campus newspapers around the coun­ But the Newark Housing Authority, a predom- ris, were leaving a meeting of the Student Gov­ try. ernment Association ( SGA). The two had appealed at the meeting for the SGA to overturn its decision revoking the charter of the YSA. In its statement the YSA national executive com­ 'Attack condemned "' mittee said: "We call upon members and supporters of the Young Workers Liberation League, the by VSA national Third World Coalition, and the SGA to repudiate the Nov. 29 assault and to support the right of executive committee the YSA to campus recognition at BMCC. The The following are excerpts from the statement YSA urges all organizations in the radical move­ of the Young Socialist Alliance national ex­ ment to join in condemning the attack on the YSA." ecutive committee on the attack on Will The student government refused for two years Stanley. to grant the YSA a charter, which is necessary to We consider the physical attack against two call campus meetings and to distribute literature YSA members and the revoking of the BMCC in the name of the YSA. During this time, the YSA charter to be important questions before Third World Coalition has been largely in con­ the entire student movement. The first repre­ trol of the· student government, and the YWLL sents the substitution of physical violence for has exercised considerable political influence with­ free and open political discussion within the in the 1WC. radical movement. The second represents an However, at its Nov. 1 meeting, the SGA voted additional attempt to deny political groups the by a narrow majority to give a charter to the right to put forward their ideas and organize Militant/Derrick Morrison YSA. The majority was made up almost exclu- on campus- that is, their right to exist. White racists picket Kawaida Towers project in Newark sively of new 1WC members. - The student movement cannot allow physi­ At the Nov. 22 meeting of the SGA, however, cal attacks on radical student groups to go inantly white-run federal agency, ruled that out, Richard Hoyen presented a motion calling for unchallenged. Violence within the movement despite the fact that the primarily Black Central revocation of the YSA's charter, the barring of gives the campus administration and the gov­ Ward has been described as the worst ghetto on YSA members from any meeting involving the ernment an unnecessary opportunity to attack the East Coast. So a 1.5 acre plot was purchased Third World Coalition, and the ouster of YSA the entire movement. Violent confrontations in the North Ward, an area of the city that is members from the editorial board of the campus between radical groups also confuse the ma­ 30 percent Black and Puerto Rican. newspaper, The Third Eye. jority of students as to who our real enemy The site was cleared in September and thefounda­ In the hour of discussion that followed, YSA is- that is, the American capitalist system. tion was under way by the time of the gound­ members were branded as "counterrevolutionaries," Only political discussion can clarify differ­ breaking ceremonies Oct. 12. Imperiale began his "agents," "splitters," "wreckers," and "manipulators." ences within the movement, not physical as­ demonstrations Nov. 9. White police officials issued None of these charges, of course, were substanti­ saults or other undemocratic means. If the statements endorsing the action, causing heated ated with facts. entire radical movement condemns this in­ responses by Black policemen. This polarization During the discussion Hoyen said in reference cident at BMCC, an atmosphere can be in the police force and city caused Police Director to YSA member Joseph Harris, "I would like to created in which any future physical attacks John Redden, a Gibson appointee, to submit his take him downstairs, put some ropes on him, will result in the political isolation of those resignation. All of this flack- simply because tie a brick on him, and throw him in the river, who are afraid to debate their ideas demo­ Black people seek decent housing! and then I'm sure he won't come back. Unfor­ cratically. Unlike other housing projects in the Black com­ tunately the political situation won't allow us to We call upon members and supporters of munity, Mchochezi said, Kawaida Towers would do that." the Young Workers Liberation League, the have many amenities, including a day-care center, When a vote was taken, six people supported Third World Coalition, and the SGA to repu­ an audio-visual room, tenants' hobby shop, and revocation of the YSA charter, no one opposed diate the Nov. 29 assault and to support a community lounge. the motion, and 14 abstained. the right of the YSA to campus recogn_ition Because the project is "legally and morally cor­ At the Nov. 29 student government meeting,_ the at BMCC. The YSA urges all organizations rect," Mchochezi expects "law and order" to prevail YSA returned to appeal the decision. Before the in the radical movement to join in condemn­ over the intentions of the racists. meeting began, Third World Coalition leaders in­ ing the attack on the YSA. formed the meeting that no new members would ~ ~

6 Household ·workers organize ·we will no longer be treated like mules!· Nearly 600 household workers, housekeeper (and that's both upstairs efits and annual raise schedule spelled Tell them if you were able to get mostly Black women, attended a na­ and downstairs, with the basement out. decent medical care instead of going tional conference in New York City and the attic thrown in a few times It is time that you told the lady to ye local butcher shop (or the city Oct. 7-9 sponsored by the National each year for fun), the baby nurse and man of that house you work clinic, as it is known), where for all Committee on Household Employ­ or child-care specialist, the family in that you have a surname and a you know you might be part of a ment (NCHE). NCHE has 10,000 nurse, the cook, the dishwasher, the title and to please use it-and that "Tuskegee study," you might be a hu­ members in 35 chapters around the laundress, perhaps the chauffeur for no child is going to call you by your man guinea pig, tell them you would country. Its goal is to win decent the children, the dog-walker, the out­ first name; and if that child must use be healthier and more cheerful and working conditions for household side woman and the inside woman your first name, then it must be Miss would not have to borrow money for workers. as well, and all for $35 a week. Sarah, or Miss Jane, or Mister Bill. medicine and hospital bills. Below are excerpts from a speech So what do we do! We number 10,- It is time that you told the woman What's more, tell them that if you to the conference by NCHE Executive 000 and they number many millions. that you work for that your labor were able to move into that new hous- Director Edith Sloan. We are the poor and the powerless, and they are the rich and the mighty Douglas Turner Ward has written a -the powerful. They are mostly white, penetrating, caustic play entitled A and we are mostly Black, brown, red, Day of Absence. A Day of Absence or yellow, and in this nation, white takes place in a small Southern town still seems to be interpreted as right where one day all of the town's Black Well, my sisters and brothers, there folk (both those who were visibly are still about two million household Black and those who were passing) workers out there yet to be organized disappeared without warning. and to bring into our struggle. There From dawn to dusk, there was cha­ are still two million or so workers os in the town. The missing Blacks out there whom you ... have to find were the town's cooks, baby nurses, and inform of our movement and our chauffeurs, butlers, porters, handy­ victories and win to our cause. men, gardeners, laundresses, and gen­ What's more, in addition to the eral cleaners and caretakers of the household workers, we have many town. allies, and we'll have many more. In one scene a young matron tear­ There are many other workers out fully exclaimed: "How am I going there-hospital workers, farm work­ to get through the day? My baby ers, sanitation workers, and so on, don't even know me. I never cooked who are simply sick and tired of be­ Workshop at household workers' convention NCHE Newsletter a meal, pushed a broom, used a mop, ing exploited and stepped on. They or done anything. I need 'L_ulu.' She's will join us-for our cause is just, always been with me. How am I ever our reasons are sound, and our strug­ going to get through the day?" gle is universal, one shared by other is worth more than her hairdo and ing development nearby, if you were Household workers are expected to oppressed workers~ that you want to be paid more for able to get a mortgage loan, if you Private household employment your week than she pays for her one­ weren't discriminated against in the needs a complete transformation-not or two-hour hairset. (As it stands now, housing market, you might be able a few changes here and stitches there, some of y"our employers want you to to get to work on time every morn­ for the whole system is corrupt and accept $4 or $5 or $7 per day, while ing; you wouldn't be the victim of in­ obsolete and must be destroyed. they will gladly 'fork over $15 or adequate public transportation. It is time for each of us to stand · $20 for ·a shampoo, color rinse and Also tell them that it would certainly up on our hind legs and say, as So­ set.) help immediately if they could assist journer Truth said a century ago: It is time that you told the woman you in prevailing upon the bus com­ "Ain't I a woman?" or "Ain't I a man?" of the house or houses in which you pany to transfer some of those half­ "I will no longer be treated like a mule, work that if she is so damned con­ empty buses from their neighborhood worked from dawn to dusk for a pit­ cerned about women's liberation, then over to yours, where the buses are tance and a few old clothes and some she should stop exploiting her "sis­ always overcrowded and run sporad­ leftover food." And if that is what ters" who work in her household. ically. the madam calls being part of her Tell her and her husband too that Certainly we need everybody we can family, tell her, "No, thank you." You if they paid you a decent wage, you get if we are to win this battle. And Edith Sloan don't want any part of her family would have enough money to buy what's more, it is time that we look to begin with-especially not if she your own clothes and food and to our left and to our right and tell treats her kinfolk that way. wouldn't have to accept their hand­ the sister or brother sitting there next do a week's work in one day, if they It is time, my brothers and sisters, me-downs and leftovers. Tell them if to us in the hall, or on the subway, do day's work; or if they work for to follow your pride and to tell mad­ they gave you a few paid holidays or on the bus, or in church, or in the same employer throughout the am or mister so and so that you want and a paid vacation, you wouldn't the clinic, or on the food stamp line, week, to be the combination general a contract, with the duties, wages, ben- get sick so often. "Lean on me, sister!" N.Y. meeting set to defend abortion rights By JUDITH LAMBERT Donovan-Crawford bill, which would How to most effectively counter the Women, the Manhattan Women's NEW YORK-New York StateAssem­ have permitted abortion only to save anti-abortion forces' attempts to deny Political Caucus, Planned Parenthood, blyman Franz Leichter, Dr. Barbara the life of a pregnant woman. Last women the right to abortion will be and the Radical Feminists are expected Roberts, the national coordinator of spring the legislature passed the discussed at Sunday's statewide meet­ to be at the meeting. From outside the Women's National Abortion Ac­ Donovan-Crawford bill, but it was ing. New York City, members ofwomen's tion Coalition (WONAAC), and vetoed by Governor Nelson Rocke­ In addition to the speakers, one of liberation and abortion rights groups Blanche Hunter of the Cleaners and feller. ·the meeting's focuses will be or­ from Vassar College, Sarah Lawrence Dyers union will address a statewide This year, according to various ganizing for legislative hearings in College, and from Buffalo, New Paltz, planning meeting here Sunday Dec. Albany at the end of January. Assem­ Oswego, Long Island, Westchester, 10, on the fight to defend women's blyman Franz Leichter has arranged and various areas in New Jersey right to abortion in New York. The On Nov. 30 Pennsylvania Gover­ to obtain a hearing room at the state and Connecticut plan to attend. meeting, called by New York nor Milton Shapp vetoed a bill capitol and to invite the legislators For more information, contact New WONAAC, is scheduled for 12:30 p.m. .that would have prohibited all to witness personal and professional York WONAAC at 150 Fifth Ave., at New York University's Meyer Hall, abortions in the state except- those testimony from women and other sup­ Room 315, New York, N.Y. 10011. 4 Washington Place. to save the life of a pregnant porters of abortion rights. New York Telephone: (212) 675-9150. The gathering will offer women and woman. While he is personally op­ WONAAC will be organizing as many men who support the right to abortion people as possible to go to Albany an opportunity to discuss plans for posed to abortion, Shapp called on the day of the hearings. Correction an all-out offensive against the "right the bill "so restrictive that it is Workshops will be held at the Sun­ The Dec. 8 Militant, which reprinted to life" forces, who have stepped up unenforceable." The present abor­ day meeting on what can be excerpts of a speech by New York their efforts to repeal New York's tion law in Pennsylvania prohibits expected from the anti-abortion City Health Services Administrator liberalized abortion law. The law al­ "unlawful" abortions and has been legislature in Albany. Ross Graham Gordon Chase, incorrectly stated in lows abortions up through the twenty­ from State Senator Manfred Ohren­ a photo caption that Chase spoke at fourth week of pregnancy. ruled unconstitutionally vague by stein' s office will lead one of the legis­ the Oct. 21 New York abortion hear­ A restrictive abortion bill-desig­ two county courts. lative workshops. Other workshops ings organized by the Women's Na­ nated Bill #25 -has already been pre­ will be held on such topics as how to tional Abortion Action Coalition filed by anti-abortion legislators in polls and questionnaires, a majority organize constituencies and support (WONAAC). Chase did not address preparation for the opening of the of both the senate and the assembly groups in local areas. the hearings, but the deputy health New York State legislature in early say they are opposed to the present Representatives from such groups services administrator, Mike Blumen­ January. Bill #25 is similar to the liberalized abortion law. as the National Organization for feld, did speak at the gathering.

THE MIUTANT/ DECEMBER 15, 1972 7 In Our Opinion Reviving old tactics Letters The Young Workers Liberation League, the Communist Party's youth organization, has organized a campaign to Indiana prison strike polling place, machine and all, near prevent the Young Socialist Alliance from obtaining official Terre Haute federal penitentiary was the United Nations. The reporters on. strike the week of Nov. 6-10. Dur­ voting included correspondents from recognition at Borough of Manhattan Community College ing most of the week o"ver half the both the Soviet Union and China. in New York City. One of the YWLL leaders is also .impli­ population of 1,000 supported the Their voting, according to the New cated in a physical attack on a YSA member on the same work stoppage. The demands were: York Times, was: "Senator McGov­ campus. (See page 6.) an end to overcrowd-ing; a change ern, 57; President Nixon, 39; Linda Such undemocratic conduct by an organization that claims in federal law to allow prisoners to Jenness of the Socialist Workers par­ to be socialist is intolerable. YSA National Chairman Andy organize a union; the minimum ty, 4. Gus Hall, the Communist can­ Rose has demanded that the YWLL repudiate these actions wage; automatic parole after one­ didate, got no votes." by its members and supporters. So far they have refused to third of a sentence is served; work These figures raise three interesting do so. and study release; and an end to questions. To the Communist Party: How come your co-thinkers voted The YWL L attacks are one of the consequences of a stepped­ petty harassment and arbitrary en­ forcement of rules. At no time did the against you? Did they vote for Nix­ up anti-Trotskyist propaganda campaign presently being prison administration show any se­ on, possibly? To the editors of the waged by the bureaucrats in Moscow and the Communist rious interest in negotiating with us. China-worshipping Guardian: Who Party in the U. S. Slanderous articles that have appeared As I write this (Nov. 16) the joint do you think your Maoist colleagues recently in Soviet "theoretical" journals and CPUSA maga­ is back to "normal," but 300 are voted for- Nixon or McGovern? zines and newspapers brand Trotskyism-including Trotskyist still in the hole. Only a few have ac­ Michael Smith organizations like the Socialist Workers Patty and the Young tually been charged with anything. Carla Haag Socialist Alliance- as "a vulgar weapon of imperialism and The rest, the great majority, are New York, N.Y. reaction," a "counter-revolutionary element within the Left," locked up for "investigation." an "advocate of blatant racism," and an "enemy of peace." John Conyers, the Black congress­ A two-part article in the June and July issues of the CP's man from Detroit, was here yester­ day and today for the House-Senate 'Prisoners' Digest' magazine Political Affairs, entitled "Trotskyism: 'Left-Wing' Judiciary Committee, which is sup­ I would like to bring to the atten­ Voice of Reaction," concludes with the admonition that "The posedly investigating conditions in tion of all Militant readers the ex­ SWP will not realize its hope of becoming the predominant federal prisons. After talking with istence of a newspaper called Pris­ force on the Left. It will continue to be a counter-revolutionary him last night, it's clear he doesn't oners' Digest International. PDI is sect. But what must always be remembered is that Trotskyism plan to do a damn thing. printed by the National Prison Cen­ will never disappear of its own accord. It must be fought." I told Conyers that if Maceo Dix­ ter, a nonprofit organization of pro­ The effect of these lies and the call to fight "counter-revo­ on, the SWP candidate, were here, fessionals and paraprofessionals lutionary" Trotskyists is to whip up an atmosphere among he'd call a press conference tomor­ (and ex-prisoner volunteers) of law, young CP and YWL L members that any measures against row; expose Warden Alldredge and sociology, penology, etc. · the SWP and YSA are justified if they can get away with Norman Carlson, director of the PDI was founded a few years ago them. Federal Bureau of Prisons; and call by an ex-prisoner, Joseph W. Grant, This hooligan conduct against socialists with whom they for a full, independent investigation who is the publisher. PDI uses pris­ by a committee of our peers. He'd disagree harks back to the 1930s and 1940s, when such oners inside as correspondents and also call mass demonstrations in associate editors. Thus they are able measures were the stock-in-trade of the Stalinized Communist support of our grievances if results to keep you informed as to what is Party. Attempts to revive these poisonous methods and to weren't forthcoming. Conyers replied really happening in the prisons. try to employ them today will not succeed in intimidating by insinuating that Dixon was too They have inmate correspondents in the SWP, the YSA, or any other critical-minded revolutionists. poor to afford a trip here. How's every major prison in America, in­ Such tactics will backfire and expose the true nature of the that for arrogance? cluding women's and child::en' s insti­ CP and YWLL's bankrupt politics, which are subordinated It's clear to me that we can't trust tutions. to the policies of the privileged bureaucracy in the USSR. any capitalist politician. Conyers Subscription rates are $6 yearly came down here to polish his liberal for prisoners and $9 for other folks. credentials and assuage his guilty And because PDI is a tax-exempt, Democratic conscience. nonprofit corporation, the $9 can be Legal murder A prisoner taken off your taxes. Their address Terre Haute, Ind. is PDI, P. 0. Box 89, Iowa City, Last month a Black man, Lawrence Breedlove, was con­ Iowa 52240. demned to death in the electric chair by an all-white jury A prisoner in Oklahoma City. The charge was armed robbery. In its Springfield, Mo. ruling, the jury simply ignored last summer's U. S. Supreme School bars Panther speaker Court decision virtually outlawing the death penalty. Several weeks ago students at Ar­ This case is only one example of attempts to roll back lington High School here asked a the death penalty ban. On Dec. 1 the Florida legislature member of the Black Panther Party to speak at their Student Forum. passed a bill to reinstate the death penalty for some crimes. 'Mexico 68' The school administration refused The Florida legislature was the first to do this, but similar to allow him to speak after Howard We are trying to find out where we bills will undoubtedly be proposed in other states. Miller, a racist, right-wing radio can order Mexico '68: The Students In California, police and the Reagan administration mo­ commentator, intervened and urged Speak. IT you have it or know where bilized racist forces to put an initiative referendum on the his listeners to put pressure on the we can get it, please let us know as death penalty on the November ballot. The referendum re­ school. soon as possible. sults favoring restoration of capital punishment is an added When Suzanne Haig, the Socialist L.T. pressure for rolling back the Supreme Court decision. Workers Party candidate for Illinois Denver, Colo. The offensive of right-wing forces to restore capital punish­ attorney general, spoke at the school a few weeks later, she scored the ad­ In reply- This pamphlet, a collec­ ment poses a real danger, especially since the Supreme Court tion of documents on the 1968 Mex­ decision was not at all clear-cut. The death penalty was de­ ministration for violating the stu­ dents' right to hear all points of ican student uprising, can be ordered clared unconstitutional only as generally administered by view. She announced that the Social­ for 25 cents each from the U. S. the states, on grounds of its "arbitrary" application. This ist Workers Party would challenge Committee for Justice to Latin Amer­ leaves an opening for states to write new laws that are not Miller to a debate anytime, any­ ican Political Prisoners ( USLA), 150 "arbitrary," for instance by specifying the death penalty as where, but preferably at Arlington Fifth Ave., Room 737, New York, mandatory for certain crimes. High School. N.Y. 10011. Eliminating a degree of arbitrariness from application of An SWP campaign supporter at capital punishment will not make it any less of a cruel and Arlington is trying to set up the de­ inhuman punishment. Nor would this make the death penalty bate. "I'm sure many of the students less of a discriminatory instrument of repression against Black would like it," she said. "They'd love New reader people, Puerto Ricans, Chicanos, and poor working people. to see Howard Miller crucified in a I saw your ad in Great Speckled Black people, for example, have not only been executed in debate." Bird for The Militant. I am sta­ Antonio De Leon tioned in Guam at Anderson Air disproportionate numbers; they are also more likely to be Chicago, Ill. Force Base. Your paper will be arrested and convicted, due to racist attitudes of police and of great importance for the people white juries. against the war here. Gus who? Capital punishment- a racist, barbaric club of repression A GI against working people-must be ended once and for all. Foreign reporters who cover New Anderson AFB Opponents of the death penalty should speak out emphat­ York City got a chance to vote on Guam election day. The United States In­ ically in answer to the current offensive by right-wing and formation Agency set up a sample racist forces.

8 National Picket ·Line Marvel Scholl

Eugene Debs Union fights gov't corruption In the Dec. 1 issue of The Militant you had an article on the Novack­ This is a corrupt society from top to bottom, but board for its charges against others." Harrington debate. Part of this de­ mostly at the top. When it comes to corruption the When the cat was out of the bag, the accuser be­ bate focused on whether Eugene "trickle down" theory that what benefits the top layers came the accused. But the fact remained that the Debs would have supported George of society will eventually find its way to the base is union had lodged complaints and nothing had been McGovern for president. Harrington easily demonstrated. done. Union President Noel Doran said rank-and­ felt he would have; Novack denied Just now there is a good deal of attention on the file union members were "fed up" with pervasive cor­ this. corrupt practices of many union officials, and the im­ ruption in INS and are prepared to testify in crimi­ It would seem to me that historic­ plication is that there is something inherently cor­ nal proceedings. ally speaking, Harrington is correct. rupt about the unions. But there is a considerable A sure sign of corruption in the INS is that rela­ I think that it can be fairly said that body of evidence to the contrary. tively low-paid officials have big holdings in real the bourgeois presidential candidate A case in point is the National Council of Immigra­ estate and securities. One overseas official making of the last 50 years) that McGovern tion and Naturalization Service Locals of the Ameri­ $14,000 a year acquired a $!-million condominium. most closely resembles, ideologically can Federation of Government Employees, AFL-CIO, Others, in the Southwest, have large land holdings. speaking, would be Senator Robert which represents 8,000 INS employees. Until very· INS officials have collaborated with organized crime La Follette. recently it has been the only force interested in ex­ to smuggle heroin into the country. Women aliens La Follette ran for president in posing and rooting out' corruption in that branch have been sexually exploited by them. 1924 on the Progressive ticket, with of government. The specific charge against Ambrose, who is pres­ the support of the Socialist Party On Nov. 16 the union released a statement saying ently special assistant attorney general and director and the endorsement of Eugene Debs. that "Since 1966 this union has made personal com­ of the Office of Drug Abuse Law Enforcement. is Debs supported La Follette rather plaints of criminal violations and malfeasances to "conflict of interest." Richard Harper, the Texan who than the Workers Party candidate the attorney general, the FBI, various U.S. attor­ entertained Ambrose last December, owns a 500,000- for president, William Z. Foster. neys and congressional committees, to no avail." acre ranch straddling the U. S.-Mexican border. Har­ Since Debs was willing to support The Justice Department, through its public infor­ per has been arrested for smuggling guns into Mexico a reformer rather than a communist mation director John Hushen, immediately denied in exchange for heroin valued at $1.25-million. He for president in 1924, it does not the charges. "Their statement would seem to indi­ is free on $25,000 bond, and the case is before a seem unlikely that he might well cate that Nicholas Katzenbach and Ramsey Clark grand jury in New Orleans. have done so in 1972 as well. had conspired with John Mitchell and Richard Klein­ Ambrose claims he knew nothing of Harper or Kevin Kelley dienst to permit such activity to continue unnoticed, his past record at the time of the overnight visit. San Mateo, Calif. which is patently ridiculous," Hushen said. In 1965 Harper was charged with mislabeling as A spokesman for the FBI confirmed that the union "dog food" a shipment from Mexico to the U. S. of In reply - It's true that at the very had lodged complaints, but said only that "appro­ food intended for humans. Ambrose says he con­ end of his life Eugene Debs support­ priate action was taken." siders this "a technical violation." ed the ticket of the procapitalist. Pro­ Miles J. Ambrose, described by the Nov. 17 New Harper's wife was caught in another "technical gressive Party, headed by Senator York Times as "now the top Federal narcotics officer," violation" in 1971 when she shipped from the U.S. Robert La Follette. The Socialist Par­ issued a lengthy statement defending his overnight to Mexico trunks of "old clothes" that actually con~ ty did not field its own presidential stay as a house guest at the home of a Texas tained Hong Kong suits. ticket that year. rancher-banker charged with gun running and dope These charges, and others, are finally being in­ According to Ray Ginger, in his smuggling. He said, "I regret and resent the fact that vestigated and publicized somewhat. But it remains biography of Debs ( The Bending the union, in its over zealous desire to advance its to be seen who will be convicted. It ought not be Cross}, Debs was uneasy about the own cause, has attempted to use me as a spring the union. alliance with the Progressive Party from the beginning. In the principal address to the So­ cialist Party convention following the election, Debs assessed the experience as follows: "While we were in the so-called Progressive movement I felt as if I had lost my wings. I felt like By Any Means Necessary an ouogenarian snail just crawling along. Now I feel as if I could leap from crag to crag like a Rocky Derrick Morrison Mountain goat." These are not the words of a per­ son who would have rallied behind Democratic Senator George McGov­ Depth of Black disaffection ern. A recent Louis Harris opinion poll gave an indica­ the U. S. Supreme Court; and 16 percent for the However, it is not Debs' mistaken tion of the deepgoing alienation Black people have executive branch of government. support for La Follette for which so­ toward the American government and the institutions On increasing federal assistance to the poor, 79 cialists remember and cherish him: It it upholds. percent of Blacks favored it, compared to 46 percent was his more than 20 years of cam­ Harris points out that while 67 percent of whites for whites. The overwhelming majority of the Blacks paigning against capitalist politics. who voted went for Nixon, 79 percent of Blacks favored a "comprehensive, compulsory medical in­ In his five presidential campaigns who voted went.for McGovern. The racial polariza­ surance program from the federal government." Less and one congressional campaign he tion reflected in this vote found its expression in the than half of the whites supported such a program. vigorously championed the struggles opinions of Blacks and whites. In terms of the economy, 60 percent of the Blacks of working people against capital­ Seventy-eight percent of the Blacks surveyed would tended to feel that the "country is still in a recession," ism. He sharply opposed both his like to see. the public schools desegregated. This con­ while 51 percent of the whites felt that "recovery Democratic and Republican oppo­ trasts to 46 percent for the whites. Eighty-one per­ has arrived." And while 79 percent of the Blacks nents, liberal and conservative alike. cent of whites opposed busing to desegregate the polled saw a continual rise in prices of the things He opposed imperialist war and de­ schools. Half of the Blac~s supported busing as one they buy, only 46 percent of the whites felt that way. fended class-struggle prisoners. method of desegregation. Harris concludes, "Of all groups in the population, These stands were far more similar Whereas 67 percent of the Blacks gave Nixon nega­ blacks have the least confidence in the leaders of to those of today' s Socialist Workers tive marks on his overall performance, 64 percent American institutions, public or private." Party than to those of the present­ of the whites gave him a positive rating. In the spe­ day Socialist Party, which supported cific area of civil rights, 81 percent of the Blacks • This is a late campaign item. The Black Masses McGovern in the 1972 elections. viewed the administration as negative. Party, a grouping in Milwaukee, went on record in support of Linda Jenness and Andrew Pulley, the presidential and vice-presidential candidates of the The letters column is an open forum Then Harris cites a devastating statistic. "The num­ Socialist Workers Party, in its Nov. 1 Organizational for all viewpoints on subjects of gen­ ber of blacks who look to the federal government for Letter. eral interest to our readers. Please leadership in civil rights and minority group im­ Some of the reasons the BMP listed for supporting keep your letters brief. Where neces­ provement areas has shrunk from 67 per cent in Jenness and Pulley were: "The SWP has consistently sary they will be abridged. Please in­ 1966 [when illusions about Lyndon Johnson were stressed the need for a Black Political Party-No dicate if your name may be used or rampant] to four per cent in 1972."(Emphasis added.) other party has"; "The SWP has consistently advo­ if you prefer that your initials be used Only 10 percent of the Blacks polled expressed "a cated the right of Black people to control their com­ instead. · great deal of confidence" in the "leaders of American munity-No other party does"; "The SWP has called industry," 17 percent for the "heads of labor unions," for an unconditional withdrawal from Indochina­ and 23 percent for "financial leaders." . No other party has"; and "On abortion the SWP The Black confidence rating was 20 percent for advocates a woman's right to choose-No other the press; 19 percent for Congress; 23 percent for party has."

THE MILITANT/ DECEMBER 15, 1972 9 .The Great Society Harry Ring

Got high sign- Philippines President prints and reproductions from the Na­ It balances the antacids- Parts of Marcos revealed he declared martial tional Gallery of Art. Which gives a Northern California experience "acid law only after receiving "several certain poignancy to the recent New rain," says a University of California signs" from the big fella upstairs that York Times headline: "Ex-Congress­ ecology professor. According to the it was the right thing to do. "It seems," man Hunts for Work-After 7 Terms, Los Angeles Times, he said "the sul­ Marcos said, "as if I was being led Cunningham Seeks Job as Salesman." phuric acid in the rainfall probably and guided by some strange mind is caused by air pollution, but that above me." there is no cause for immediate Wild charges dep't- "Rural Poor alarm." Right wing going to pot?-William Held Neglected by U.S."- Headline Buckley now favors decriminalizing in the Washington Post. marijuana. Stoic-"We've been bombarded with The sour society?- Americans con­ warnings over the past several years Life on Capitol Hill- In addition to sumed $109-million worth of nonpre­ about how almost everything is bad $42,500 annual wages, U.S. senators scription antacids last year. for your health. Well, after a while enjoy such fringe benefits as cash you just turn it off," says Ricqard allowances for stationery, postage, Stinnett. Friend Stinnette is an Ameri­ telephone, travel, etc. Incidentals in­ Before-dinner thought-According to can Tobacco executive who was re­ clude wallet-size copies of their electro­ a Nader researcher, the average con­ sponding to estimates that coffin nail cardiograms, free ice, plants for their sumer ingests about five pounds of "I doro't aee why the high price of wheat should affect consumption will increase three office from the Botanic Gardens, and chemical additives a year. th~t price of bread ••• which i• rrooatly 1114de of cottoro!" percent this year.

Women In Revolt Cindy Jaquith Debating anti-abortion forces Anyone who thinks that the anti-abortion forces lation in this country and around the world. The that the "real" question was "When does life begin?" can always be beaten in a debate is wrong. A problems of hunger and pollution are not caused Although this type of argument may sound good example is what happened on the "Popula­ by "overpopulation," but by a social system that crude, the fact is that no one on the commission tion Growth and the American Future" program uses human and material resources for profit, was able to effectively answer Mecklenberg. In­ shown on the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) not to meet the needs of the majority of people. stead of taking the offensive and exposing her network Nov. 29. The "overpopulation" argument is not just wrong argument, the commission went on the defensive. The show was in two parts: first, a film on and reactionary-it plays right into the hands During most of Mecklenberg' s presentation they the recommendations the U.S. Commission on of those who want to deny women the right to simply sat and listened, offering no arguments Population Growth and the American Future made abortion. to support legal abortion. last spring; second, a discussion during which For example, after the commission's film was The most important point that should have been four opponents of the report were allowed to speak. shown, the Reverend Jesse Jackson of Operation made-the right of women to decide-never came Anti-abortion groups and at least one agency PUSH spoke as one of the four panelists and through clearly. Instead, TV viewers were bom­ of the Catholic Church had tried to prevent PBS attacked the commission for advocating "genocide" barded with hypocritical complaints that the com­ from running the program because of the com­ in the Black community. He made it clear that mission's recommendations are tantamount to le­ mission's stand on abortion. Much to the displea­ he views abortion as murder. He tried to make galizing murder. sure of these groups and of President Nixon, who it appear that his opinion represents the thinking There was no mention of the thousands of wom­ had set up the commission, the report supported of all Black people. en who have been murdered because of the anti­ the right of women to control their bodies and Marjory Mecklenberg, a representative of the abortion laws; of the psychological torture inflicted urged that abortion be made legal up through Minnesota Committee Concerned for Life, was on women who face an unwanted pregnancy with the twenty-fourth week of pregnancy. quick to express her support for Jackson's "geno­ no recourse; or of the fact that due to liberaliza­ The commission's film, however, is more than cide" theory. She then focused her attack on the tion of the New York law, far fewer women are anything an obstacle in trying to argue for abor­ New York abortion law. It is this law-which now suffering complications, permanent impair­ tion rights. It represents the issue of abortion and allows abortions through the twenty-fourth week ment, and death from illegal abortions. contraception in the. context of the need to curb of pregnancy- that the commission has suggested It is these facts that the anti-abortion forces hope "overpopulation." The whole first half of the film, as the model statute. to cover up by intimidating supporters of abortion in fact, tries to make a case for the idea that pop­ Mecklenberg's basic argument-accompanied by rights and labeling them "child-murderers." The ulation growth is a major cause of pollution, slides of fetuses and tape recordings of a fetus's women's and abortion rights movements have to crowded cities, poverty, and the general deteri­ heartbeat-was that abortion is murder. Her strat­ take this challenge head-on and provide the an­ oration of the quality of life in the U. S. egy was to confuse the members of the commis­ swers that the millions of Americans who do sup­ Actually, we could support a far larger· popu- sion on the show and the audience by insisting port legal abortion are looking for.

The American Way of Life Lee Smith Musical chairs With Nixon's vaunted "reshuffling" the subject of as a vice-president of the Continental Grain Com­ Nathaniel Samuels, is a partner of Kuhn, Loeb so much attention, one feature to notice will be pany (which was involved in the Soviet wheat & Co. the way the discards go back into the same deck deal), worked as an assistant secretary of agri­ These nine barely begin a list that goes on for the new faces come from -corporate management. culture until last June. pages of government officials who came to their Already, Clark MacGregor, the manager of Nix­ James Needham only made $38,000 a year posts from Wall Street law firms or corporation on's 1972 campaign, has signed on as vice-presi­ as a federal securities and exchange commissioner. executives who came to their jobs from the higher dent with United Aircraft Corporation, a major But in August he more than tripled his salary echelons of government. defense contractor. by taking a new job as chairman of the New York This interlocking system of staffing amounts to But this game of "musical chairs" between busi­ Stock Exchange. more than "deferred bribes" as Ralph Nader refers ness and government goes on all the time, not A co-worker of Clark MacGregor's at United to it. The question is not one of "conflict of interesr just when administrations change or get "reshuf­ Aircraft Corporation, General James Ferguson, in the sense the phrase is ordinarily used either. fled." Some contemporary examples include: used to head up the U.S. Air Force Systems Com­ While these terms accurately describe an aspect Proctor & Gamble's chief lobbyist, Bryce Harlow, mand (which buys aircraft engines) before he got of what is involved, they can be misleading be­ has served Nixon as a White House consul­ his vice-presidency. cause they imply the practice is contrary to the tant for a five-figure salary (down one figure from Carl Bagge, National Coal Association presi­ way things are supposed to work. ' what he gets at P& G). Back with his old employer, dent, used to be a member of the Federal Power Harlow helped draft the GOP platform this year­ Commission. In reality, this cross fertilization is an integral just as he did in 1968 and in 1964. George Ball, a partner of Lehman Brothers, and essential means of control used by the capi~ Nicholas Katzenbach, who made close to $190, Inc., was an under secretary of state in the Kenne­ talist class to administer the state apparatus for 000 last year as a vice-president of IBM, was dy and Johnson administrations. its benefit. And that is the whole purpose of the during two years of Johnson's administration the Henry Fowler, a partner of Goldman, Sachs state's existence: to protect and uphold the power, U.S. attorney general. & Co., was Johnson's secretary of the treasury. property, and privileges of the ruling capitalist Clarence Palmby, making close to six figures A deputy under secretary of state for Nixon, class.

10 ·Black ing_uirY... issues finding§. Sheriff's deputies responsible Black for Southern University killings telephone By BAXTER SMITH He added, "Four of us [instructors] it terms "improper faculty dismissals." DEC. 4 - The Black People's Commit­ had heated discussions with state po­ The students at Baton Rouge are tee of Inquiry, which is investigating lice on how to go about clearing out currently planning what course of ac­ workers the deaths on Nov. 16 of two students the building. We felt we should go in tion they will take when school at Southern University in Baton rather than the police. After very reopens Jan. 3. They are soliciting Rouge, issued preliminary findings heated discussions, the four of us went support from various organizations strike in Nov. 29. The independent committee into the building." Jackson stated that throughout the state and country. confirmed that there is a "more than he attempted to obtain the aid of two They hope to get help from certain adequate basis" for the criminal pros­ administrators but they refused, claim- prominent individuals such as mem- Pittsburgh ecution of the law enforcement person­ By PAUL LeBLANC nel it found responsible for the slay­ PITTSBURGH-After five weeks of ings. picketing, from Nov. 2 to Dec. 4, This committee, composed of 29 Black employees have returned to various local and nationally prom­ their jobs at the Western Electric Com­ inent figures from the Black com­ pany's service center here. They had munitY, stated that one or more been protesting the refusal of the com­ sheriff's deputies had fired the buck­ pany and the leadership of theirunion shot that killed Denver Smith and (Local 2596 of the Communications Leonard Douglas Brown. Workers of America) to meet their. Louisiana Governor Edwin Ed­ demands for combating racism at the wards termed the committee's findings workplace. It appears they hav.e made a "Blackwash." "I think very few of the some gains. panel came to Louisiana with an open The Black workers were upset by mind," he stated, "I really didn't expect a series of incidents, for example, a an impartial study." foreman using a racist epithet, ·and .a In sharp contrast to this statement, company policy of keeping the Black however, the "official" state commis­ employees separated from each other sion Edwards appointed affirmed at the workplace. Nov. 30 that the two students had When they approached their union in fact been killed by shotgun blasts. leadership to establish an all-Black Moreover, on the following day, the civil rights committee to discuss these problems with the company, the local state commission determined that law Independent Black inquiry and 'official' investigation agree that sheriff's deputies shot­ executive board turned them down by enforcement officers were the ones who gun blasts. killed Black students. tossed the first tear gas canister. a 7 -to-O vote. In the face of this -they These findings came as a strong pressed the company to sit down with .. blow to the governor, who had been ing that the students had brought the bers of the Louisiana Black Caucus, their own independent committee. The claiming all along that it was the trouble on themselves. which includes eight representatives company refused, claiming that the students who provoked the confronta­ The Black committee concluded two to the state assembly. union was the sole bargaining agent. tion on Nov. 16 by "firing a smoke days of public hearings and indicated The students have established a de­ The Black workers then walked off bomb at the police." it would release its completed findings fense fund to aid the students the job and set up a picket line. The Black People's Committee of in two weeks. The committee includes who have been arrested. Contributions At this point, representatives of the Inquiry heard testimony from four nationally prominent figures such as can be sent to: Southern University union's national office were sent to students: Charlene Hardnett, Fred Owusu Sadaukai, president of Mal­ Defense Fund, ·P.O. Box 73462, Scot­ Pittsburgh to point out to the local Prejean, Nathaniel Howard, and colm X Liberation University in landville Branch, Baton Rouge, La. that the Black workers' request for Sababu Taibika. They testified that Greensboro, N.C.; Lerone Bennett Jr., 70807. ·a civil rights committee was proper it was not the students' intention to historian and editor of Ebony maga­ In a telephone interview with The and in no way violated the union's take over the administration building zine; Haywood Burns, director of the Militan~ student leader Fred Prejean constitution. on Nov. 16, the day the students were National Conference of Black Law- reports that Netterville is continuing Because of this, some of the local's killed. They said they were only wait· yers; and John Lewis, executive direc­ to harass students. On the morning of white members initially respected the ing to talk to Dr. G. Leon Netterville, tor of the Voter Education Project. Dec. 2, a university administrator told picket line. But the local leadership president of Southern University. the father of a woman who is a stu­ refused to budge from its earlier deci­ Taibika testified that the law enforce­ In addition, local figures on the dent at Southern to have "all of her sion, and unfortunately a majority ment officers intended to shoot him but committee include Alex Willingham, worldly goods off of Southern Uni­ of the white workers supported this missed and killed the other brothers in­ a former member of the Southern Uni­ versity property" by that afternoon. stand. About 90 percent of the local stead. The committee also took state­ versity political science department, Fortunately, according to Prejean, is white. ments from Dr. George Baker, the now teaching in Atlanta; Annie Smart this family lived only 75 miles away On the other hand, the Black work­ recently fired chairman of the physics of the Welfare Rights Organization; from the campus and could arrange ers did receive significant help from department; Governor Edwards; and and two Louisiana state representa­ to comply with the administration's the Black community. A community two ROTC instructors. According to tives from New Orleans, Dorothy orders. drug rehabilitation center known as the instructors, the state troopers and Taylor and JohnnieJackson. Georgia Southern University in New Orleans ·FACE opened its Homewood-Brush­ sheriffs deputies went out of control State Representative Julian Bond, who officially reopened Nov. 27 after the ton office to the strikers. State legisla­ in attempting to deal with the stu­ originally agreed to be a member Thanksgiving holidays. However, the tors K. Leroy lrvis and Joseph dents. They appeared "confused, dis­ of the committee, did not appear for boycott is still continuing, and the Rhodes met with the company on be­ organized, and hostile" stated Lieu­ any of its hearings. classrooms were virtually empty. half of the strikers. Also, support came tenant Commander Howard Walton. Brother Willingham was dismissed The students plan to continue the from some students and groups such Major Leon D. Jackson, the other by President Netterville last semester boycott until the demands they have as the United Farm Workers Orga­ ROTC instructor who testified, claimed for his nationalist views. His dismissal been struggling around for more thim nizing Committee. he had "very heated discussions" with was not an isolated incident; Southern a month are approved by the In returning to the job the strikers policemen before getting medical aid University has been on the American Louisiana board of education. The accepted a two-point proposal put for one student who remained alive Association of University Professors' board, which controls Southern Uni­ forth on Nov. 22 by the Mayor's after he was shot. censure list since 1968 for what versity, has so far given no response. Commission on Human Resources. The proposal calls for meetings to dis­ cuss problems of Black workers and for the formation of an advisory group on solving race-related prob­ lems. The advisory group will consist of two representatives each from the Black workers, the union, and the management. The strikers face suspensions with­ out pay, some of which may last for several weeks. A company representa­ tive says that the length of the suspen­ sion will be subject to mediation, and union grievance procedures will prob­ ably be involved.

. 20 rally in New Orleans protests murder of Baton Rouge students

THE MILITANT/ DECEMBER 15, 1972 11 ILP-rotectionism' the solution? ILGWU pushes 'Buy American' campaign By FRANK LOVELL What do the unions propose to do ance of piecework in the garment in­ subishi Motors and manufactures the Radios, tape recorders, TV sets, and about this? Tyler doesn't say. His dustry. Dodge Colt in Japan for sale on the many other electrical appliances sold expose of multinationals is intended These union timeservers think the U.S. market. in this country are manufactured in only as "theoretical" justification of the role of members is only to pay dues Bommarito charged that American South Korea, Japan, Hong Kong, action taken earlier at the 1971 AF L­ (never to make decisions) or to dem­ multinational subsidiaries in foreign and Taiwan, where wages are low. -CIO convention to endorse the Burke­ onstrate against some uncooperative countries, totaling more than 8,000, U. S. factories that once built them Hartke bill. open-shop boss (never for higher have become the third largest produc­ are closed and their workers unem­ This bill, introduced in Congress wages or better conditions on a union tive force in the world, "only super­ ployed. These consumer goods are by Representative James Burke (D­ job). They see everything through the seded by the U.S. and Russia." This still produced by General Electric or Mass.) and Senator Vance Hartke (D­ eyes of the boss. The more farsighted thing, he said, is "too big for handling some other multinational corporation Ind. ), would give the U. S. president see through the eyes of the employing on a union-by-union and corporation­ but in factories abroad owned wholly authority to regulate, supervise, and class, but only the employing class by-corporation basis. It has to be ac­ or in part by U. S. capital. control the outflow of U.S. capital of their own country. complished through legislation." And The electrical industry is only one and curb licensing and patent agree­ This often leads to jurisdictional dis­ that, we are told, is why the union of many of the industries dominated ments. It would also set quotas on putes among unions or to conflicts movement in the United States must by multinational corporations. Auto, imports "with exceptions and allow­ within international unions. Rather support Burke-Hartke all the way. steel, and rubber are also affected. ances for flexible growth," and estab­ than mobilizing the unions along the These are the arguments Bommarito had learned six months before at the In all cases foreign-produced goods lish a single agency to serve Congress lines of international solidarity, they are invading the American market. in all trade matters, according to an support restricting the U.S. market AFL-CIO convention in Bal Harbour, The garment industry is one of those AFL-CIO News digest. The bill seeks in order to make jobs for American Fla. But when repeated in Ottawa at most severely hit by foreign compe­ government regulation of the multi­ workers at the expense of workers the CLC convention they did not tition. It is therefore appropriate that nationals and protection for noncom­ in other countries. Thus, at the con­ sound the same nor get the same re­ Gus Tyler, assistant president of the petitive and unprofitable operations vention of the Canadian Labor Con­ sponse. The Canadians had rejected International Ladies' Garment Work­ in this country. gress (CLC) this summer, CLC Pres­ it all the day before he appeared, and ers' Union ( ILGWU), should under­ At the convention there was no op­ ident Donald MacDonald (the George Bommarito's talk failed to change the take to explain this new threat. He position to this measure. In floor dis­ Meany of Canada) had the following mind of a single delegate. is a career bureaucrat in the union cussion, Jacob Potofsky, then presi­ to say: A CLC convention is very much movement, never having worked in a dent of the Amalgamated Clothing "Now we are confronted with ever the same as an AF L-CIO convention, garment shop. He was once a leader Workers, called upon all workers to nsmg protectionist trends in the a gathering of union officials repre­ of the Young People's Socialist League buy only union-label goods and boy- United States, which could have grave senting the affiliated unions. Workers from the shops never get to these con­ ventions. Most of the big affiliates are the same. The Steelworkers union has a Canadian district, as have the Rub­ ber Workers, the Woodworkers, the United Transportation Union, the Auto Workers, many building trades unions, etc. Top union officials in Canada, like their U.S. counterparts, look at economic problems through the eyes of the boss- but the Cana­ dian boss. That makes a difference. They are not enthusiastic about clos­ ing down the Canadian subsidiaries of Ford, General Motors, Douglas Air­ craft, and other U.S. corporations in order to provide more jobs for work­ ers on this side of the border. To them it means weakening the Cana­ dian economy and increasing unem­ ployment there. The result is a grow­ ing movement for greater indepen­ dence among Canadian sections of most of the big U. S.-based interna­ New York rally in support of Burke-Hartke bill tional unions. The union movement in both Can­ and was later active in the Socialist cott all foreign products. Otherwise, consequences for the Canadian econ­ ada and the U.S. must fight multi­ Party. he said, "our working conditions will omy. There are powerful elements in national corporations, just as in the In the July issue of the AFL-CIO be destroyed; our jobs will have dis­ that country, including important ele­ past unions have been forced to fight Federationist, in an article titled "Mul­ appeared." ments within the American trade-union these same corporations. They are not tinationals: A Global Menace," Tyler On Nov. 16 of this year, almost movement, who are leaving no stones different now than before, only bigger. reports that there are thousands of one full year after the AFL-CIO con­ unturned in their endeavors to get They are not an "unnatural" economic American corporations with overseas vention set the policy, an estimated Congress to enact the Hartke-Burke growth, as the union bureaucrats pre­ investments and operations, but "a 150,000 garment workers in a dozen bill. tend, but the same old "American free small group of 187 dominates the different cities left work at precisely "This bill would impose a restrictive enterprise system" spilling out. scene." These, he says, "are among three p.m. to demonstrate against for­ quota on nearly all exports to the If the government of the U.S. ruling the top 500 corporations in Fortune eign imports. There were 50,000 in United States, including those from class in Washington votes some kind magazine's listing and are also Amer­ New York City's Herald Square, Canada. While the bill in its present of bill to "regulate" the multinationals, ica's foremost conglomerates." called out by the ILGWU, Tyler's form may not pass through Congress, it will be for the same reason that Tyler explains that one reason U. S. union. The demonstration also had it is symbolic of the kind of strong it enacted antimonopoly legislation in corporations build factories in foreign the full collaboration and support of protectionist sentiment which has not the past. All such legislation aims to lands is to circumvent high tariff bar­ the sweatshop bosses in the garment been in evidence in the United States protect and advance the worldwide riers. "The multinational," says Tyler, district, who find foreign competition since the infamous Smoot-Hawley Act interests of U. S. capital and to dupe, ". . . plays a double game: in other tough. was made law in the 1930s." not benefit, the workers here or in countries, it is 'protectionist' to take The union also bought full-page ads AFL-CIO Vice-President Peter Bom­ any other country. It aims to unload full advantage of the closed market; in daily papers to explain the pur­ marito, head of the Rubber Workers, the problem of unemployment on the in the United States it is 'anti-pro­ pose of the demonstrations. "... to went to Ottawa to explain to the CLC workers in other countries. tectionist' to take advantage of the make one point. It's a simple one: convention why the AFL-CIO top of­ If the union hierarchy is worried rich American market. In the process, when Americans don't buy what other ficialdom is solidly behind the Burke­ about unemployment, as it ought to it spurns the American worker as an Americans make, Americans lose their Hartke bill. He tried to convince the be, then it should demand a program employe while wooing him as a cus­ jobs." 1,800 delegates that unions in the that is not at the expense of workers tomer." Most demonstrators thought they United States are mobilizing to de­ in other countries. It should call for What is the result? "The people who were doing something that might fore­ stroy multinational corporations, "the a massive public works program, a are hurt are the estimated 1 million stall layoffs, but few had any serious fastest growing institution in American new wages and hours law shortening working people who are presently un­ hopes that more jobs would material­ society," the greatest enemy of working the workweek (with no loss in pay) employed because their jobs have been ize soon. Many must have wondered men and women of all countries. so that all could have jobs, the elim­ washed away by the flood of imports. why their union does nothing to raise ination of all military spending, and The people who are enriched are the piecework pay, or maybe abolish One example he cited was Interna­ government funds for schools and top 1 percent of the shareholders who piecework with its murderous built­ tional Telephone & Telegraph, which housing. Such legislation is the kind own about 75 percent of personally in speedup system as other unions has a yearly overseas production in of government action that is needed held corporate stocks and about 85 have done. manufactured goods of $2.5-billion to meet the unemployment problem. percent of the corporate bonds. This When delegates to the AFL-CIO con­ and employs more workers abroad Let the ILGWU call demonstrations process becomes a way to redistribute vention endorsed the "Buy America" than in the United States. Another for this kind of legislation to protect the income of America from the bot­ Burke-Hartke bill, their action was was Chrysler Corporation, which has workers, not the Burke-Hartke pro­ tom to the top." of a kind with the ILGWU's accept- acquired a 35 percent share of Mit- tective legislation for U.S. employers.

12 A weekly international supplement to The Militant based on selections from Intercontinental Press, a newsmaga.zine reflecting the viewpoint of revolutionary socialism.

DECEM~ER 15, 1972

2,000 women rally 5,000 attend Belgian , French abortion struggle continues womens By Candida Barberena fifty-seven persons were sentenced to Ordre des Medecins (the powerful "It's a first victory over the defen­ terms ranging from three years in French professional medical associa­ conference ders of an obsolescent law," Gisele Ha­ prison to several months suspended tion) and the minister of health, Jean Women packed an auditorium in limi told nearly 2,000 supporters of in an affair involving about 100 Foyer. Brussels on November 11 for a full abortions. women's right to abortion at the Mutu­ Consider the experience of Dr. day of speeches and discussion on alite in Paris on November 22. "A step On February 5, 1971, Dr. Ali Lad­ the liberation of women. According jadj was sentenced to two years in pris­ Paul Milliez, one of the expert wit­ forward has been taken. It cannot be nesses at the trial. Incensed by his to the November 17 issue of the rev­ on for having performed thirty-six olutionary-socialist weekly La Gauche, reversed. And this is what is ringing "unethical" comments at the trial in the death knell of the 1920 law." abortions in a private clinic in Saint­ between 5,000 and 6,000 women· at­ favor of liberalized abortion legisla­ Halimi's comments, reported in the Denis-de-la-Reunion. Three other doc­ tended this unprecedented event- the tion, the Ordre des Medecins repri­ tors and a nurse were sentenced to first major activity of the Belgian November 24 Le Monde, reflect the manded him sharply. The minister of prison terms of six months to one women's liberation movement. opinion of hundreds of thousands in health was harsh and crude in his year. According to a report on the con­ France who yearly face heavy fines denunciation. At the trial Nlilliez had On May 19, 1970, Dr. Sauveur Pa­ ference in the November 15 Los An­ and stiff sentences under the current stated that in fact social differences lau received a sentence in Toulouse of geles Times, authors Simone de abortion law. She was addressing a are a factor in the availability of abor­ five years in prison and lost his li­ Beauvoir and Germaine Greer spoke rally called to evaluate a legal judg­ tion. The minister's response was that cense for having allegedly performed at the conference and initiated a live­ ment concerning four women accused this was "no reason why the vices of nearly 2,000 abortions. ly discussion on the topic of abortion. of involvement in an abortion case the rich should be made equally pos­ Beauvoir came to Brussels just after that may very well have permanently sible for the poor." having testified in Paris in defense damaged the law's power. Other speakers at the meeting spon­ In her remarks at the Mutualite de­ of Michelle Chevalier and three other Earlier that day a court in the Paris sored by the women's group Choisir, fense lawyer Halimi was severely criti­ women charged with procuring, aid­ suburb of Bobigny acquitted Madame cal of the entire Bobigny proceeding, which has headed the campaign for ing, or abetting an abortion performed Duboucheix and Madame Sausset, which she said " ... is a perfect ex­ abortion rights, were Dr. Petit from on seventeen-year-old Marie-Claire who acted as "intermediaries" for Ma­ ample of disarray in the legal struc­ the organization Health Information; dame Chevalier in obtaining her three of the defendents, including Ma­ Chevalier. ture." Reproaching the judges for lack The Los Angeles Times noted that daughter's abortion. (See Interconti­ of initiative in questioning the abortion dame Chevalier; and parliamentary an estimated 150,000 Belgian women nental Press, November 27, p. 1295.) law while in a position to do so, Ha­ deputy Michel Rocard, a sponsor of are forced to resort to illegal abor­ The mother was fined 500 francs limi continued, "They hid them&elves Choisir's repeal draft in the National tions each year, although wealthy (about US$100) and the abortionist, behind the principle of the separation Assembly. Belgian women are able to travel to Madame Bambuck, was sentenced to of powers," in an attempt to avoid The optimistic mood of the rally ex­ Britain or the Netherlands where one year in prison under a law pro­ "interfering" in the power of the legis­ pressed a conviction that the dismal abortion is legal. Contraceptive pills viding for up to ten years' imprison­ ll!ture. history of prosecution of abortion are also forbidden by law in Belgium, ment and a $14,000 fine. But the pen­ "However, not everyone had the cases is drawing to a close. But Mme. a country heavily influenced by the alties imposed in the latter two cases same scruples regarding the indepen­ Chevalier expressed the determination Catholic Church. were suspended. dence of the bench," the lawyer added, of many French citizens to extend their The report in La Gauche described In recent years although the number alluding, according to Le Monde; to · gains against restrictive abortion legis­ the conference as "tremendous," and of abortions performed has steadily pressures that she claims were brought lation when she announced, "I've de­ "a gigantic discussion." The event, said increased,. the reverse is true of the to bear by the national council of the cided to appeal; our fight goes on."D La Gauche, "was, at one and the same number of convictions recorded. Ac­ time, the first stage of a movement cording to the November 24 Le in full growth, the first demonstra- · Monde, the number of convictions in tion of women as women, and the 1950 was 2,885; in 1969 it was 471. coming together of many ideas­ However, these developments and sometimes differing, sometimes con­ the mild Bobigny judgments contrast gruent- of all of the independent fem­ sharply with earlier abortion-law inist groups that were able to com­ prosecution in France. For example pare their experiences and activities the last woman to be sentenced to in the course of organizing "F" day life imprisonment in France was an [the conference was called Journee des abortionist, as was the last woman to Femmes, or Journee "F"-women's be executed, in 1943. day]. In an article that accompanied the A broad spectrum of women's or­ report of the rally, Le Monde listed ganizations took part in the confer­ the following recent convictions: ence, which tentatively projected a On July 7, 1972, a Belfort nurse women's liberation demonstration for was sentenced to two years in prison, March or April. fined 10,000 francs (about US La Gauche reported that "exchange $2,000), and permanently prohibited of ideas and experiences touched on from practicing her profession; her dive!-"se questions: women's jobs (since patients were each given suspended only 27 percent of women work out­ sentences of one year in prison and side 1.he home, this question was the were fined 2,000 francs; each "accom­ Rouge subject of the greatest discussion), plice" got a six month suspended pris­ Police harassed women demonstrators outside trial of Marie­ abortion, contraception, maternity, on term. Claire Chevalier and her mother in Bobigny, a suburb north­ paternity, child-care centers, and the On July 5, 1971, at Sainte-Etienne, east of Paris. double working day of women." D WOrld Outlook W0/2

on the unions. The government made that otherwise would be considered it clear that there would be no statu­ contemptible. But there are still some Great Britain tory regulation of prices alone- and large and potentially explosive claims that on any other basis it would be in the pipeline, particularly by the impossible to continue negotiations. miners and local government workers. The proposed "Counter-Inflation The first victims of the freeze, how­ (Temporary Measures) Bill" pretends ever, will be the 340,000 farmworkers to freeze prices as well as wages. But and the 250,000 hospital workers, two Tory wage freeze the price of meat, vegetables, and fish of the lowest-paid groups of workers can be raised without government per­ in the country. mission, as can the price of goods The Labour party parliamentary requiring raw materials from abroad. leadership- who were unusually ver­ poses challenge Also, government permission to bose when the bill was introduced­ raise other prices will be available to promised a "fight" against the freeze anyone who can show that the cost ·of "in parliament." In fact the last wage. for labor movement their goods has been raised by "ex­ freeze was introduced by the Labour ternal forces." In the four days be­ government in 1966 and was followed London minus 1" formula, according to which fore the freeze the priCes of some 6,000 by severe wage restraints. The issue On November 6 the Tory govern­ successive wage increases were each household goods and food items were is likely to cause some dissension be­ ment decreed an immediate wage freeze supposed to be a percentage point raised by manufacturers; and the gov­ tween the "left" and "moderate" wings in an attempt to make the labour below the previous one. ernment's "watchdog" body on prices over whether the party should pledge movement pay for the British econ­ But the successful miner's strike will not function for the first twenty­ a future Labour government to re­ omy's inflationary crisis. plunged clear through this arbitrary eight of the ninety days. Apparently frain from interference with collective The Tory freeze will last at least norm. As Eric Jacobs commented in bargaining. ninety days from the date of the The Sunday Times on November 5, The significance of the wage freeze bill's enactment (probably not before "Far from coming out at N minus is that wage struggles will automati­ the end of November), and there is 1 the miners' pay increase was more cally escalate into political confronta­ provision for a sixty-day extension. likeN plus 10." tions with the government. Un­ Attempts by trade unionists to get It was on July 18 that the three fortunately, the six-man TUC econom­ around the freeze will be met by stiff sides first met formally to discuss a ic committee, which on November 8 fines. "voluntary" wages policy. But the July broke off all talks during the freeze, The statutory wage freeze came 25 session was canceled by the TUC decided against a special conference after the November 2 breakdown of because of the growing popular sup­ of the labour movement to plan a tripartite "talks" between. the govern­ port for the five dockers imprisoned strategy _of defense against the Tory ment, the Confederation of British In­ for allegedly violating the Industrial attack. dustries (CBI), and the Trades Union Relations Act. After tens of thousands But individual union opposition to Congress (TUC) aimed at reaching of workers had gone on strike to se­ the freeze is already mounting. On a "voluntary" incomes policy. One of cure the release of the five dockers, November 12 four pay strikes defy­ the objects of the freeze is to pressure and organized protest had subsided, ing the Tory freeze were approved the TUC to resume these talks, but the TUC leadership .was able to re­ by the technical and supervisory sec­ there is every expectation that the cur­ sume its talks with the government tion of the Amalgamated Union of rent freeze will be followed by a mod­ on August 7. Engineering Workers. And on the pre­ ified long-term statutory incomes pol­ The next phase came on September- vious weekend the national executive icy. After 150-180 days the govern­ 14, when .the three sides indicated gen­ of the Association of Scientific, Tech­ ment plans to introduce the "main leg­ eral agreement on the concept of a nical and Managerial Staffs, which islation" making the wage restraint flat-rate wage increase for a one-year has 250,000 members, approved six and enforcement powers more precise period. At issue, it seemed, was only pay strikes in defiance of the standstill. and permanent. the size of the increase and whether Up to now the government has been The government seemed to have its there would be statutory price con­ playing with negotiations over in­ tactics prepared well in advance. On trols. On September 26 the govern­ comes (to which the TUC leaders will­ February 27, just after the biggest ment laid out its package: Basically, ingly succumbed) while introducing strike of the year, Prime Minister unions should limit pay demands to anti-trade-union, rent-raising, and ra­ Edward Heath declared in a national £2 a week across the board. Prime Minister Edward Heath cist immigration legislation on the broadcast: "We have to_ find a more On October 4 the TUC countered side. The Tory freeze presents a major sensible way of settling our differ­ with, among other things, a proposed challenge to the trade-union move­ ences." More sensible, he meant, than flat-rate weekly rise of £3.60 with stat­ to make the Tory package more pal­ ment in this country. In all, some three the victorious eight-week-long miner's utory price controls. atable, it included a miserly £10 bo­ million workers have wage claims that strike that had left the government's To be sure, all sides- not the least nus for pensioners. could be affected J?y the freeze. To meet unofficial wages norm in ruins. the TUC brass-would have liked a The freeze will almost certainly pro­ this challenge the labour movement Immediately after settlement of the negotiated compromise, but it seemed voke major confrontations with the will need to generalise from the les­ coal strike, the government began to not to be in the cards. Early in the government in. the coming months. In sons learned in the victorious strug­ initiate its talks with the TUC and last week of the talks, the government the hours just before the freeze was gles against the government by the CBI. The government already had propaganda machine moved into ac­ imposed thousands of workers were miners last winter and the dockers an unofficial policy- the crude "N tion, placing the blame for the delay compelled to accept wage increases during the summer. D

The parents of Yuri Galanskov, a tonitis after an October 18 operation Soviet dissident who died in a forced in the prison camp for a perforated Soviet Union labor camp on November 4, have ulcer. His parents stated in their let­ de~nanded a "comprehensive and of­ ter that their son had suffered from ficial explanation" of his death. Un­ an ulcer since 1961. Prison hospital less they receive an explanation from authorities, th_e parents wrote, "pro­ Soviet officials, the parents say, "we posed a number of times that he be will insist that our son was killed" operated on, but he refused" because Parents in the Mordovian prison camp. a surgeon at the camp "warned our According to an Associated Press son that because of his physical weak­ dispatch from Moscow printed in the ness and the clinic's lack of the neces­ demand November 27 New York Post, the sary postoperative diet he would not parents made their request in a two­ survive the operation. page letter to the department of super­ "This is why we asked the camp ad­ inquiry into vision of places of confinement of the ministration to transfer him to the Soviet Ministry of Internal Affairs. prison hospital in Leningrad, where Galanskov, a thirty-three-year-old the operation could be performed un­ Galanskov's poet, was one of the most prominent der appropriate conditions," wrote the , activists in the Soviet opposition parents. Yury Galanskov, as drawn by a fellow movement. His death occurred while Despite repeated appeals from the prisoner. His parents wrote: 'We demand death he was serving a seven-year sentence parents, and from a Moscow doctor an official medical report on why the fatal for "anti-Soviet activity." The charges familiar with Galanskov's medical his­ operation had to be performed. We de­ stem from allegations that Galanskov tory, prison officials replied that there mand to know the names of the people edited two samizdat literary journals. was no·need for a transfer or any spe­ who performed the operation against his Galanskov apparently died of peri- cial diet. D and our will. .. .' W0/3

Interview with MatzP-en leader

1972 l)ll 65 tr'n 1'7 1 :1•nr.Ji1 Development of the revolutionary-socialist movement in Israel . [We publish below the third, con­ Their whole policy is in the tradition cluding, part of an interview with Mi­ of Healy's and Lambert's organiza­ chel Warschawski that was obtained tions throughout the world. They have for Intercontinental Press early in Oc­ a very strong reformist tendency and, tober. The first two parts of the in­ I would say, they are not Zionists, terview appeared in the last two is­ but they have Zionist tendencies, a sues of World Outlook. Warschawski Zionist dynamic. is one of the leaders of the Israeli So­ Because of their Lambertist theory, cialist Organization (Marxist), which they are unable to understand that is commonly known as Matzpen, the the contradiction between the working name of its journal.] class and the bourgeoisie has many aspects that are not directly and ap­ parently a problem of the workers' Q: Could you explain what the ISO struggle against the capitalists. This (Marxist) is, and what the develop­ makes them unable to understand na­ ment of Matzpen has been? tionalism, Arab nationalism, and Zionism. They can't see the role of A: From 1962 to 1970, Matzpen Zionism in the Arab East and the was the only anti-Zionist organization consequent link between the Israeli in Israel. Matzpen was a socialist and revolution and the development of the anti-Zionist organization and was revolution in the Arab East as a open to all those who wanted to fight whole. They cannot understand the Zionism from the point of view of so­ positive aspects of the national libera­ The June issue of Motzpen cialist revolution. tion movements of the Arab world Matzpen was composed of many po­ and the revolutionary potential that litical tendencies which understood an­ exists in these movements. For them, ti-Zionism very differently. The ISO nationalism is something bad, and tionalism, a real anti-Zionist position workers' parties, and the trade unions, (Marxist) is today the product of a they will have nothing to do with it. can only derive from the point of the Histadrut, are Zionist organiza­ long clarification over many years Although they say Jewish nationalism view of revolutionary Marxism. tions- that is, organizations of the inside the organization. Clarification is bad too, they just ignore it. They Q. What is the political program, whole Zionist movement and not of with a view to defining the program say they have to go to the Israeli then, upon which the ISO (Marxist) the working class. So the working and concrete perspectives of the rev­ workers and organize them for the is based? class today is very backward politi­ olution in Israel, the revolution in revolution- and that's all. cally. the Arab East, and the world revolu­ It's a very simplistic analysis and A: In our eyes, Israeli society is on Third, there is a feeling even today that there is no other way. This is a tion. a misunderstanding of the dynamics the one hand a normal capitalist so­ sentence you often hear in the street: In the last three years, Matzpen has of revolutionary development in the ciety based on exploitation of the "We have no alternative. Yes, it's bad; experienced two important splits which Arab East. working class. On the other hand, it yes, the government is no good; yes, were the price of this clarification. The But after we defined our position is a colonial enterprise built upon the there is war. But what is the alterna­ first one resulted from clarifying our about the Arab revolution and about exploitation of the whole Arab and tive?" concept of what anti-Zionism is and the struggle against Zionism- in Palestinian people. And thirdly, it is We have built our program around what the strategy of revolutionary an­ short, after we understood the impli­ a client state of imperialism. these three characteristics of Israeli ti-Zionists in Israel should be. cations of the theory of permanent All these three aspects of Israeli so­ society. Those who left us at the end of revolution and its strategic applica­ ciety have to be taken into account First of all, we have to make clear 1970 didn't accept our position on the tion to the Arab East, we had to de­ in order to develop a strategy for to the Israeli working class that the unity of the Arab East and the de­ velop more concretely our program making a revolution in Israel. Our only chance for them to develop them­ pendence of the Israeli revolution on on how to work, how to organize, aim is to make a socialist revolution selves and achieve their individual, the whole Arab East revolution. Also and we had to generalize our anal­ in Israel. class, and national rights is to break they didn't even accept our critique ysis of the Arab East and consider The Zionist nature of Israel makes of Zionism. In our eyes, Zionism is with Zionism. It's not so evident to the revolution on a world scale. the class struggle within Israel more them. not only an ideology, like American We had a political discussion in the complicated than in a "normal" cap­ We developed a transitional pro­ nationalism or French nationalism. organization and concluded that if the italist country: Not only from the It's a whole structure, a colonial en­ theory of permanent revolution is val­ standpoint of consciousness, but from gram, which we call a de-Zionization terprise. id in the Arab East, it must be valid the standpoint of the real, concrete program, in which we tried to make We ·have to make very clear that throughout the underdeveloped world. situation of the Israeli working class, clear the connection between the Zion­ our struggle is to break the Zionist When we asked the organization to Zionism plays a great role. ist regime on the one hand, and on state. Not to break it up like any broaden its program, to be not just For one thing, consider all the mon­ the other hand, workers' exploitation, other bourgeois state; it's more than anti-Zionist, but to develop a general ey that comes from outside Israel. the fact of permanent war, and the a bourgeois state. The Zionist aspect political program, a part of the group Israel is not exploited by imperialists, price the workers have to pay in terms of Israeli society makes clear the link objected and subsequently split. it is supported by them economically, of living conditions. between Israel and the whole Arab Today they also use the name ISO mostly by U.S. imperialism. This sup­ For example, among our slogans is East. The Zionists play the role of -that's the reason we call ourselves port allows the Zionist establishment the call for real unions. The worker gendarme in the Arab East. of the ISO (Marxist). It was a very difficult to build a society more developed than understands this need very well. He defender of order- together with the split; the first split was not sp impor­ any other nondeveloped capitalist understands that the Histadrut does Arab regimes, but stronger. tant. This time it was a large minor­ country, with a strong working class, not defend him. He has no say inside This links the possibility of revolu­ ity, including a large part of the old . with industry, with quite a high stan­ the Histadrut; the workers are even in tion in Israel to the revolution in the leadership. dard of living relative to the whole a minority in the Histadrut. So the Arab East as a whole. This leadership, in our eyes, had Arab East. need for a real union is very clear to After we made our position very failed to educate the members of the Imperialism is ready to pay if there the workers. clear- about Zionism, the Arab rev­ organization in revolutionary-Marxist is a need in Israel because imperialism And, obviously, to build an inde­ olution, the need for a strategy and concepts. More and more anarchist needs a strong Zionist state to keep pendent union and to fight the Hista­ organization for the whole Arab East and spontaneist tendencies had grown "order" in the Arab East. It will con­ drut is to struggle against one of the -we then had to clarify some other within the organization. And at the tinue to pay as long as there is a most basic components of the Zionist problems that are part of the program same time the lack of a program and need. So the Zionist establishment can establishment. of a political organization. analysis, the lack of consciousness offer a certain standard of living to Secondly, we fight for democratic The group that left Matzpen in that of the need for theory had caused a the Israeli working class. rights, such as abolition of the law of period (it now calls itself the Avant­ real erosion of the old leadership's Second, the Israeli working class return and for the right of every Pales­ guard group) is linked to the Lam­ anti-Zionist position. Because apart has no class organizations, no class tinian to return to his country. None bertist and Healyist organizations. from the point of view of Arab na- parties, no unions. All the so-called Continued on following page World Outlook W0/4

have a more organized way of work­ of service required by conscription, ing. you are with the same people, gen­ Our work is in two main areas. erally young._ You have a lot of time .. .Interview with Israeli socialist First is propaganda. We have a news­ with· them. The repression in the army Continued from preceding page can say, "Look, there is an alterna­ paper, Matzpen, which is today the is strong, but there is still the possi­ of these demands require a revolution­ tive," then our work is easier. largest Hebrew newspaper on the bility of doing work. There are even ary socialist consciousness, but they Our immediate aim today is to build whole Israeli left, even bigger than more opportunities in the reserves concern democracy or other real prob­ the nucleus of an all-Arab-East rev­ the CP newspaper. It is in Hebrew than among the conscripts. Because lems of the working class and they olutionary party, with a strategy for with a supplement in Arabic. After in the reserves you are in contact with cannot be achieved within the frame­ the whole Arab East. We will fight the split we began to publish pam­ the population. This is important be­ work of the Zionist state. These are against Zionism, against imperial­ phlets; now we have six, and hope cause the base of our organization the types of slogans around which ism, against the Arab regimes. We in the next two months to publish is not a proletarian one. In the re­ serves we are in contact with work­ we attempt to mobilize the Israeli pop­ will fight for a united, socialist Arab three more. We publish in Hebrew ers we don't meet in the areas of work ulation. East. and Arabic. we are generally involved in. We are certain of one thing: Not Second, we have political circles in Generally people in the reserves are .only is a real revolutionary break­ Q: What is your position in regard the three major cities, Jerusalem, Hai­ very open to criticism of the govern­ through in Israel dependent on the to the major international working­ fa, and Tel Aviv. ment. For the month or month and development of a revolutionary or­ class tendencies? Also, after the split we began a very a half they have to serve in the army ganization inside Israel, but also, and vigorous intervention within the Arab mainly, it will be the consequence of A: The process of political clarifi­ population. To work in the Arab pop­ every year they are outside their gen­ the dynamic of revolutionary develop­ cation over the past three or four ulation we must be very serious. It eral milieu and there is much discus­ ments in the whole Arab East. A dy­ years has brought the majority of is very difficult. This work cannot be sion among them. All our comrades namic that will make clear the alterna­ the organization to the position of done in an amateurish way. And the have done quite good work in the tive that historically confronts the Is- revolutionary Marxism and the con- influence of the Communist party is reserves. great. But while our position is to serve In this area the split has had a good in the army, obviously our comrades effect. Today we have a certain periph­ are not ready to do everything they ery in the Arab villages. We have may be asked to do. Our comrades circles today in the Arab sector. refuse to bomb houses, to repress dem­ Among the youth, we organized this onstrations in the occupied territory, year what we call "Red Mole groups," to carry out operations in the occu­ which we see as the nucleus of a youth pied territory. And they pay the price organization. There are several dozen for their refusal. young people organized now in these Arie Bober, for example, was ar­ groups. Now they have their own rested because he refused to go into newspaper, Red Mole. The Red Mole Lebanon to fight against the Palestin­ members are mainly high schoolers. ian organizations. 0 In the universities we also have sympathizers who will begin this year to join with the high-school students in the Red Mole groups. The second main area of our work is to organize and participate in all the struggles that are occurring in Israel- democratic struggles, strug­ gles against repression, against the police, against discrimination. Our aim in each of these struggles is always to organize united fronts, as broad as possible. Within these united fronts we make our political line very clear. On the one hand we mobilize for the struggle, and on the other hand we mobilize some of those involved in the direction of our posi­ tions. Militant/Paul Boutelle Together with other groups we have Israeli soldiers (above) guard Arab detainees at identification center in occupied Arab also begun this year to organize a territory. Israeli revolutionaries see Zionist state of Israel as policeman for imperial­ women's liberation movement, a ism against the Arab revolution. movement that is in its beginning stages but has already carried out raeli working class: either permanent ception of the permanent revolution. some activities. We have put forward war against the Arab liberation move­ The final point we had to develop in three main slogans so far: free and ment (a movement which today is Matzpen was that if there is a need legal abortion, the right of civil mar­ quite weak but which will develop) for a local revolutionary party- that riage, and equal pay for equal work. e FOR GRYNSZPAN: Against the to fight more and more as the gen­ is, in the whole Arab East- we also The first two are the most impor­ Fascist Pogrom Gangs and Stalinist tant in our eyes, and we are fighting darme of American imperialism, to need an international revolutionary Scoundrels. within the movement in favor of stress­ be the cossacks of the new Vietnam party. • Interview with the Copenhagen ing these two slogans. This is because Sociai-Demokraten, 1932. in the Arab East- or to join with Today we have just completed our we see that Zionism cannot accede to • LeHer to the Communist League the revolutionary movement in the discussion of our affiliation to the such demands. These demands are in of China (section of the Internation­ Arab East against the imperialist op­ Fourth International. As far as I total contradiction to the government's al Left Opposition). pressor and against the clients of im­ know the great majority of the mem­ need for a constantly expanding Jew­ • How the Workers in Austria perialism, Zionism on the one hand bership supports thiJ step, and I hope ish population in Israel. The policy Should Fight Hitler. and the Arab regimes on the other. that at the next world congress we will be accepted as a part of the has always been and will always be e Polish Fascism and the Mistakes This is why one of our immediate of the Communist party. Fourth International. Our positions to push for big families and against preoccupations is not only to develop today are the positions of the Fourth any abortions. a theoretical strategy for the Arab­ These are just a few of the articles International. East revolution, but to build the party Q: Do you carry out any antimili­ and letters by Leon Trotsky that In­ of the Arab-East revolution. Because Q: What are some of the activities tarist campaigns? What is the basic tercontinental Press has published. there is a connection, an interdepen­ that the ISO (Marxist) engages in? policy of the ISO (Marxist) in regard Most were translated from the orig­ dence, between the development of to its own members serving in the inal Russian and appeared in the struggle inside Israel and the devel­ A: Most of the ISO activity- even army? pages of Intercontinental Press for opment of the struggle outside Israel. before the last split-was agitation the first time in English. There is no doubt that the growth and propaganda against Zionism. A: Our goal is to mobilize a mass For any of those listed above, of an anti-Zionist power in Israel The split has had a very good effect campaign against the army and send 50c for each article desired. makes the work of our comrades in on our political work. The process of against the whole role the army has Or, if you want to follow the im­ the Arab countries easier. They can political discussion and also the po­ to play in opposition to the Arab portant news of the world each week say, "Our problem is not the Jews, litical line of those who split had real­ revolution and also against its role and get features like these, send but it is to defeat Zionism, and to ly paralyzed Matzpen. For two years inside Israeli society. But so far this in a check for $7.50 for six months defeat Zionism is to defeat imperial­ we had to fight to organize our group position has found no significant re­ or $]5 for a year to: ist domination and capitalism." and our work. But today, less than sponse. one year after the split, not only have And for us there is no doubt that Today our policy is to ask our INTERCONTINENTAL PRESS if we can say, "Look, you do have we recuperated from the split, but our members and sympathizers to serve the possibility of living inside the Arab work has improved. We distribute in the army. First of all because there P. 0. Box 116, Village Station world, as Jews, without any oppres­ more copies of our newspaper, our are opportunities to do fruitful work New York, N.Y. 10014 sion, in a socialist Arab East"; if we activity is more substantial, and -we in the army. During the three years QP-P-Qse cutbacks· East Harlem parents State wants to raise fees lead school boycott New York day-care By JOANNA MISNIK hours; more paraprofessionals; more NEW YORK, Dec. 4 -A boycott of_ diagnostic services and bilingual pro­ schools in East Harlem's District 4 grams; a full-time nurse, psychologist, that began the day before Thanks­ school guard, and social worker; and crisis sparks protest giving recess is continuing. So far, restoration of the normal substitute By RUTHANN MILLER While some of the centers have since 13 of the District's 22 elementary and teacher service. NEW YORK, Dec. 4 -At a meeting accepted compromise fee schedules junior high schools have been closed Daily boycott meetings, conducted held in the Village Co-op Day Care from the city administration, most by the parent-led boycott, with about in Spanish and English, are held in Center on Dec. 1, people from all have still not accepted the scale pro­ 11,000 of the 17,000 pupils in District the auditorium of P. S. 155, where over New York City gathered to dis­ posed last January, which is much Four out of class. 500 to 600 Black and Puerto Rican cuss how to respond to the new, more lower than the new schedule would be. parents, the majority women, come Discontent over deteriorating con­ restrictive fee schedule planned by At the Dec. 1 meeting, members of ditions due to drastic cuts in fund­ to discuss the day's events along with New York State for city day-care cen­ the Committee for Community Con­ teachers, community activists, and su­ ing has been mounting ever since the ters. trolled Day Care ( CCCDC), many of start of the current school year. Dis­ pervisory staff. A parents council of Two weeks ago, State Social Ser­ whom were Black or Puerto Rican, District Four has been elected with trict Four lost 71 teachers, dozens vices Commissioner Abe Lavine pro­ urged activists to totally refuse the of paraprofessionals and other staff, representatives from all the parents posed a new fee schedule to the 350 new fees. They explained that the fee and many special programs. These associations to coordinate this action. day-care centers in New York City. schedule would lock the very poor. cutbacks came after District Four lost Since the beginning of the boycott The plan (see box below) places the into staying on welfare, accepting the over $1-million in federal and state parents report they have received the rights of the 30,000 children now in city's enforced and poorly paid work funds, and the New York Board of support of District Four teachers, centers in serious jeopardy. program, or taking their children out Education reduced its budget alloca­ many of whom honored the parents' Even by city estimates, the new fees of day-care programs. tion by some $236,000, claiming that picket lines and joined in closing the would eliminate at least 25 percent the district had 101 pupils fewer than schools. Many teachers participate in of the families now enrolled in city As a result of the meeting, a dem­ last year. The result has been a wors­ the daily mass meetings. centers. It will place unreasonably onstration against the new fees was ening of conditions in East Harlem This spontaneous teacher response high burdens on other families. For called for Dec. 7 at Governor Nelson example, if a family earns more than Rockefeller's New York City offices. $5,500 per year, it will have to pay The Committee for Community Con­ out $2,199 for day care, or $42.30 trolled Day Care, which organized the per week out of a salary of $105. Dec. 1 meeting, is a group of repre­ New York City day-care facilities sentatives from day-care centers and receive 7 5 percent of their funding groups interested in day care. The from the federal government, and 12.5 CCCDC calls for free, universal child percent each from the state and city. care, controlled by those who use it. In some 100 of the centers the parents, It says that day care is the right of staff, and community have attempted every child- that it should be treated to make the decisions concerning fees, as a public service, like public schools. admissions, and operating costs. In There is also a city-wide coalition, the other 250 centers decisions are the Ad Hoc Committee to Save Our made by government departments and Children, which includes a day-care officials. workers union, directors of various In addition, there are numerous day-care centers, the City-wide Asso­ community day-care centers that are ciation of Day-Care Parents, the Agen­ not funded by the government because cy for Child Development, and other they don't meet city requirements. groups. This coalition· has joined in Last January a similar fight broke calling the Dec. 7 demonstration; out around the day-care issue. The While the debate and struggle state proposed a higher fee scale (see around day-care fees is in the fore­ East Harlem students on picket line box). Because of the injustice of such front right now, it is only one aspect fees, many centers refused to comply of the day-care problem facing New with the scale. A series of actions were York City. At the same time that the schools - overcrowded classrooms, was brought to a halt by Albert Shan­ called, including a sit-in by parents, state is refusing to fund even the small lack of supplies, shortage of teachers ker, United Federation of Teachers children, and day-care staff members number of centers that already exist, and other staff. president. He ordered teachers back at Mayor John Lindsay's presidential tens of thousands of children here have Reacting to this crisis, 300 East to work Nov. 30, claiming the union campaign headquarters. These actions no day-care facilities at all. Waiting Harlem parents staged a demonstra­ was bound by its contract to do so, forced the city to officially reject the lists are enormous, and the centers tion Sept. 28 outside the offices of even though it supported the parents' new fees, and the state eventually are overcrowded, understaffed, and the board of education. School Chan­ demands. backed down. have virtually no health programs. cellor Harvey Scribner at that time Boycott leaders never formally re­ appointed a task force to investigate quested teachers to stay out of class. conditions in District Four. According This teacher-community relationship TNE~T~ANrr,NUrnr,Ant~t~N~cno~ME~------,N~E~W~P~R~o~Pb~sm£~b~------;s~T~A~TT£;FFEEE~s~c~AOtE~---~ (after taxes and STATE FEE SCALE DEFEATED JANUARY 72 to boycott leaders, the task force has has been seen as a positive develop­ life insurance only) never functioned and the board of ment in light of the strained relations education has not responded_ to the between the UF T and the Bla'- "nd TWO PERSON HOUSEHOLD needs of the East Harlem schools. Puerto Rican community following the $3,300 $ 0,00 $ 0,00 1968 UFT strike, which pitted the 3,500 3,80 0,75 An estimated 62 percent of the pu­ 1,50 union against the Black and Puerto 4,000 13,40 pils in District Four are Puerto Rican, 4;5oo 23,40 2,50 Rican communities fighting for con­ and almost all the rest are Black. 5,000 32,60 4,25 trol of the schools. 5,500 42,30 6,25 More than 75 percent of the pupils not eligible 8,75 Typical of meetings going on 6,000 read below their grade level. One-third 6,500 11,25 throughout East Harlem was the meet­ 7,000 not eligible of the people living in District Four ing of the parents association at PS are on welfare. 108 Dec. 1. About 40 parents and The boycott was triggered when lack FOUR PERSON i[OUSEHOLD 10 teachers voted to keep PS _108 ,, of funds forced the transfer to other $ 0,00 •P o,oo in the boycott, after discussing the $5,100 areas of 11 assistant principals and 5,500 7,60 1,00 demands fully. A petition was initi­ 2,25 five teachers who were in "excess" of 6,000 17,30 ated to demand that Mayor Lindsay 6,500 26,90 5,75 District Four budget allocations. The 7,000 36,50 8,00 come to District Four. A tutoring cen­ decision for this transfer was made 7,500 46,10 10,75 ter for students taking part in -the 8,000 not eligible not eligible by the District Four school board, boycott was set up at St. Edward's which is empowered under decentral­ Church. One PS 108 teacher got a.n ization to s,pend the money allocated SIX PERSON HOUSEHOLD enthusiastic response when she re­ to the district and to hire and fire $ 0,00 $ o,oo marked that if the government would $6,600 employees. A key grievance of the 7,000 7,60 2,75 stop bombing Vietnam for one day 4,25 parents is that the local board does 7,500 17,30 and give District Four the money, 8,000 26,90 7,00 not represent the interests of the East 8,500 36,50 9.75 there would be no need for the boycott. Harlem community and does not in­ 9,000 46,10 13,00 9,500 not eligible 16,50 volve the commu-nity in decision-mak­ 10,000 not eligible ing. The boycott has included sit-ins DEC. 5 -.The New York school boy­ at the local board headquarters. cott spread to Brooklyn yesterday. Committee for Community Controlled Day Care All but 20 students at PS 137 boy­ Demands of the boycott include re­ cotted classes to protest the replace­ instatement of the transferred person­ ment of an assistant principal. Only nel; no more staff cuts; more guidance, 200 students showed up for classes reading, and citizenship classes; re­ at PS 84, where there is a fight over duction of the pupil-teacher ratio to the appointment of a temporary prin­ 1 to 25; extension of school-aide cipal.

THE MILITANT/ DECEMBER 15, 1972 13 socialist workers Party demands retraction Jenness. Pulley answer anti-Semitism charges of Anti-Defamation League Dec. 6, 1972 Zionism with anti-Semitism can be sustain· itself, Israel has created a war crimes against the people of Viet­ Mr. Arnold Forster more clearly seen by considering the militaristic, undemocratic regime en­ nam, a government that shut its General Counsel racist, settler regimes of South Africa gaging in expansionist aggression borders to Jews fleeing Nazi terror, Anti-Defamation League or Rhodesia. Opposition to the exis­ against Egypt, Jordan, Syria, and and a government that supports Zion­ 315 Lexington Ave. tence of the white-supremacist regimes Lebanon. ist Israel. New York, N.Y. 10016 that usurped power in those countries, Here in the United States the charge Increasingly, young Jews around and made the black Africans second­ of anti-Semitism has been falsely lev­ the world are coming to see that the Dear Mr. Forster, class citizens in their own land, ob­ eled against Black people and Puerto only hope for the Jewish people is In a report to your fifty-ninth annual viously cannot be equated with racism Ricans when they fight for control to side with struggles against all forms meeting, Lawrence Peir~z, chairman of against the Dutch or British settlers of the schools in their communities of racist oppression and exploitation your "fact-finding" committee, charged who live there. or for jobs in proportion to their num­ around the world- to side with the that the positions of the Socialist Work­ We oppose the state of Israel be­ bers. Thus your organization charges struggles against racism in this coun­ ers Party -especially as expressed in cause it took over the territory of that anti-Semitism also comes "from try, and to side with the struggle of our 197 2 presidential campaign­ have "crossed the line into outright anti-Semitism." This allegation is a slander, and we demand that you publicly retract it. Anyone the least bit familiar with our election campaign and the views and record of the Socialist Workers Party knows that the SWP has always been a staunch opponent of anti­ Semitism and of racism and bigotry of any kind. We have championed struggles against anti-Semitism wher­ ever they have appeared-from the United States to the Soviet Union. Our European co-thinkers were in the fore­ front of the struggle· against the anti­ Semitic terror of Nazism. Many of them perished in Hitler's death camps. In this country during World War II the SWP carried out a campaign de­ manding that U. S. borders be opened to Jewish refugees from Nazism. In the report referred to above, Lawrence Peirez says that the SWP calls for "the outright destruction of Israel," and therefore is anti-Semitic. It is true we see the elimination of the LNS Zionist state of Israel as necessary. Palestinian refugee camp But opposition to a specifically "Jewish" state in Palestine cannot be equated with anti-Semitism. Such an another people, the Palestinian Arabs, extremist segments of other minority the Palestinian Arabs against the state equation wrongly identifies the in­ and forced them into a life as refugees groups." of Israel and its imperialist backers, terests of Jews around the world with or as second~class citizens. This was a When you side in this way with the for a democratic, secular Palestine. Israel and Zionism. We believe it is great wrong perpetrated against the fascist-like Jewish Defense League and You identify the welfare of the Jew­ your identification of Zionist policies Palestinians, and their resistance racists like Newark Assemblyman ish people with Zionism and with the with the Jewish people that helps to struggle is not based on anti-Semitism Anthony Imperiale to oppose the racist, militarist, settler-colonial state fuel anti-Semitism today. but is a fight for justice, human struggles of the Puerto Rican and of Israel. The Socialist Workers Party The incorrectness of equating anti- dignity, and self-determination. Black communities -whose interests believes that the ideology of Zionism The Socialist Workers Party sup­ are you defending? When you brand disarms the Jewish people in the fight ports the Palestinians' struggle to re­ leaders of these struggles, such as Luis against anti-Semitism. We identify the gain their homeland and to establish Fuentes, as anti-Semites, you are welfare of the Jewish people with sup­ a democratic, secular Palestine, where siding with white racists in the op­ port to the just anti-imperialist strug­ Jews and Arabs could live together pression of another people. The anti­ gles of the Arab peoples. Do not try with equality and religious freedom. Semitic legions of American fascism to disguise your disagreement with We believe that it is in the interests will come from the ranks of these us by using the slanderous charge of Jews everywhere, including in people who you are objectively mak­ of anti-Semitism. We repeat our de­ Israel, to support this struggle. ing your allies today. mand that you retract this slander, The danger to the Jewish people that you do it publicly and imme­ Because of the fundamental injustice does not come from the Socialist Work­ diately. involved in the creation of Israel, the ers Party and the Black and Puerto Sincerely, Israeli state can only maintain itself Rican liberation struggles. The threat Linda Jenness through allying with the United States to Jews comes from the racist, impe­ Andrew Pulley and other reactionary imperialist rialist government of the U.S.- a Socialist Workers Party candidates for Linda Jenness Cary Herz powers against the Arab peoples. To government capable of the genocidal . president and vice-president in 1972 MIT forum= 'Israel and Middle East· By GEORGE MASTELLONE why it came into conflict with the gov­ ing the formula calling for a "Demo­ CAMBRIDGE, Mass.- An overflow ernments of the Arab states. Davis cratic Jewish State" as a contradiction crowd of 500 attended a forum on gave a critique of Zionism and par­ in terms. He compared it to an Amer-­ "Israel and the Middle Easr held here ticularly stressed the domestic effects of ican talking about the possibility of at the Massachusetts Institute of Tech­ the Zionist state. He explained the situ­ a "Democratic White State." He said nology Nov. 29. The forum was spon­ ation of the Oriental Jews, who were that Israeli settlements in the areas sored by the MIT Arab Student Club brought into Israel to become agri­ occupied since the Six Day War in and the Tufts Hillel Non-Zionist Cau­ cultural laborers, filling the void left 1967 indicate that these areas will cus. when the Palestinians were forced off be permanently under Israeli control. Speakers at the forum were Sarkis their land. He spoke of the contradiction lib­ Khoury, . a Palestinian student; Uri eral ·Zionists face with continued Is­ Davis, an Israeli anti-Zionist and a Fawzi al-Asmar spoke from person­ raeli expansionism: with the acquisi­ member of War Resisters Internation­ al experience about the discrimination tion of more territory for "defense," al; Fawzi al-Asmar, an Israeli-Arab suffered by Arabs who live in the the Jews in Israel may be put in a poet and writer; and Noam Chomsky, state of Israel. In 1948 he was sep­ position of ruling as a minority, just an MIT professor and well-known arated from his family by Israeli au­ as the whites in Rhodesia. He made antiwar activist. thorities, and he cited Israeli laws that the point that the continued depen­ allowed him to be jailed for 15 months dence of the Israeli government on Khoury spoke on the Palestinian ·without charges. American imperialism is a suicidal resistance movement and explained Chomsky began his talk by expos- course. Noam Chomsky

14 :-:;,~~.~·•be-.. tin "};.~t'ldllsm CannotJ

~~~.;; ..,...~#ffiW->ii?~· ~· .LconTrotsky Speaks

~ books ·'

SOCIALISM ON TRIAL BY ANY MEANS NECESSARY velopment of the Russian Revolution dur­ by James P. Cannon by Malcolm X ing its first twenty years by a leading American Labor 111 pp., $4.95, paper $1.50 A companion volume to Malcolm X Speaks, participant in the events. Serge belonged and Radical Politics these speeches and interviews from Mal­ to the Russian Communist Party and SPEECHES FOR SOCIALISM colm X's last year document his political served on the Executive Committee of the EUGENE V. DEBS SPEAKS by James.P. Cannon evolution. "... these glimpses ... bring Third International. He was jailed under Edited by Jean Y. Tussey. 320 pp., $6.95, 432 pp., $10.00, paper $3.45 Stalin for his oppositional activity and fi­ paper $2.95 him alive in a spontaneous, remarkably virile way for readers just beginning to nally banished from the USSR. 192 pp., THE STRUGGLE FOR A PROLETARIAN $6.95, paper $2.45 A MONAD PRESS THE FOUNDING CONVENTION OF THE grasp his moral stature and humanity."­ PARTY PUBLISHERS WEEKLY 192 pp., $5.95, pa­ BOOK IWW by James P. Cannon per $1.95 Industrial Workers of the World Proceed­ 320 pp., paper $2.95 NOT GUILTY: Report of the Commission ings, stenographically reported, officially THE LAST YEAR OF MALCOLM X: The Evo- of Inquiry into the Charges Made Against 1ution of a Revolutionary approved. 616 pp., cloth $15.00 Leon Trotsky in the Moscow Trials TEAMSTER REBELLION by George Breitman by Farrell Dobbs 424 pp., cloth $10.00 A MONAD PRESS Gls SPEAK OUT AGAINST THE WAR: The 169 pp., cloth $4.95 An anatomy of the three militant strikes BOOK Case of the Fort Jackson Eight in 1934 that turned Minneapolis into a MALCOLM X ON AFRO-AMERICAN HIS­ by Fred Halstead THE PERMANENT REVOLUTION AND RE­ union city. Written by a strike leader, this TORY 128 pp., paper $1.75 SULTS AND PROSPECTS book offers a fascinating glimpse into how 80 pp., paper $1 .00 the strike leadership judged the situation by Leon Trotsky THE HISTORY OF AMERICAN TROTSKYISM on a day-to-day basis and helped lay the 282 pp., $5.95, paper $2.75 by James P. Cannon MALCOLM X SPEAKS: Selected Speeches groundwork for organizing teamsters on a and Statements 268 pp., paper $2.95 THE REVOLUTION BETRAYED: What Is the national scale. 192 pp., $6.95, paper $2.25 Edited by George Breitman. 242 pp., cloth Soviet Union and Where Is It Going? A MONAD PRESS BOOK $6.95 IN DEFENSE OF MARXISM (Against the by Leon Trotsky Petty-Bourgeois Opposition) TOWARDS AN AMERICAN SOCIALIST W.E. B. DU BOIS SPEAKS: Speeches and 308 pp., $7.95, paper $2.95 by Leon Trotsky REVOLUTION: A Strategy for the 70s by Jack Barnes, George Breitman, Der­ Addresses 211 pp., $6.95, paper $2.75 THE STALIN SCHOOL OF FALSIFICATION rick Morrison, Barry Sheppard, Mary-Alice Ed.ited with an introduction by Philip S. by Leon Trotsky Waters Foner. A pioneer in the struggle for Afro- LABOR'S GIANT STEP: Twenty Years of 368 pp., $8.95, paper $3.45 . American liberation and the father of pan­ the CIO Five revolutionary socialists analyze the Africanism, W. E. B. Du Bois probably ad­ THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL AFTER LENIN by Art Preis component elementslof the coming Ameri­ dressed more audiences than any Black by Leon Trotsky From a wealth of firsthand experience can revolution. Looking at the struggles of Blacks, Chicanos, women, working peo­ leader since Frederick Douglass. This two­ 348pp., $7.95, paper $3.45 and primary source material Preis re­ ple and students, as the issues have de­ volume collection provides a comprehen­ counts the story of the CIO from its found­ veloped over the last decade, they point sive survey of his work. Vol, I, 1890- ing to its merger with the AFL. He out­ Cuba and to the basic demand underlying and uni­ 1919, 289 pp., $7.95, paper $2.95; Vol. lines the militancy of the 1930s, the fying these movements: the right to con­ II, 1920-1963, 346 pp., $7. 95, paper $2.95. unions' no-strike policy during World War Latin America trol one's own life. 207 pp., $5.95, paper Two volume set: $15.90, paper $5.90 II, the postwar strike upsurge, and the im­ CHE GUEVARA SPEAKS $1.95 pact of the Cold War. 538 pp., $7.50, Edited by George Lavan. 159 ~p., cloth paper $3.95 Also see THE BLACK STRUGGLE and $4.95 WOMEN'S LIBERATION Critiques of Stalinism LETTERS FROM PRISON CUBA FOR BEGINNERS THE CASE OF LEON TROTSKY by James P. Cannon by RIUS (Eduardo del Rio) 355 pp., cloth $7.50 The Black Struggle Dewey Commission Hearings, 603 pp., 150pp., $5.95, paper $1.95 cloth $1 0.00 MARXIST ESSAYS IN AMERICAN HISTORY BLACK NATIONALISM AND THE REVOLU­ LAND OR DEATH: The Peasant Struggle Edited by Robert Himmel. 128pp., 8 x 11, TION IN MUSIC FIFTY YEARS OF WORLD REVOLUTION: in Peru paper $2.45 by Frank Kofsky An International Symposium by Hugo Blanco ,280 pp., $7.95, paper $2.95 Edited by Ernest Mandel. 366 pp., $7.95, The story of the peasants' struggle in Peru 1 A REVOLUTIONARY STRATEGY FOR THE BLACK VOICES FROM PRISON paper $2.95 to take back the lands stolen from them. ' 70s: by Etheridge Knight and fellow inmates FROM LENIN TO STALIN A leader of this movement, Blanco puts Documents of the Socialist Workers Party of Indiana State Prison by Victor Serge forward a strategy of independent mass 96 pp., $3.95, paper $1.45 192 pp., $5.95, paper $2.45 A condensed history of the political de- Continued on next page

THE MILITANT/ DECEMBER 15, 1972 15 books

action for revolution in Latin America. One of the most important contributions to literature on Latin American politics since the Cuban Revolution. 192 pp., $6.95, paper $2.45 literature and Culture BLACK NATIONALISM AND THE REVOLU­ TION IN MUSIC by Frank Kofsky 280 pp., $7.95, paper $2.95

LEON TROTSKY ON LITERATURE AND ART Edited with an introduction by Paul Siegel. 248 pp., $6.95, paper $2.95

MY LIFE: An Attempt at an Autobiography by Leon Trotsky 640 pp., $12.50, paper $3.95

THE MOD DONNA AND SCYKLON Z: Plays of Women's Liberation by Myrna Lamb 200 pp., $5.95, paper $2.25

PROBLEMS OF EVERYDAY LIFE: And Other Writings on Culture and Science by Leon Trotsky The ..Russian Revolution of 1917 was no simple political overturn, but a social revo­ lution invading every corner of society, splitting the old cultural seams of the fami­ ly, religion, and primitive isolation in the countryside. Now for the first time, Trotsky's writings on the problems of everyday life, science, culture, an.d philos­ ophy are available in English. This volume reveals Trotsky as one of the earliest ad­ vocates of "socialism with a human face" oly capitalism. This volume, now in its LEON TROTSKY SPEAKS • sen and George Novack. 250 pp., $7.95, in confronting the tasks of building a new sixth printing, has been used extensively Edited with prefatory notes by Sarah paper $2.95 society on the debris of the old. 320 pp., in classrooms as a "primer" in Marxist Lovell. This volume makes available for $8.95, paper $3.25 A MONAD PRESS economic theory. 80 pp., paper $1.25 the first time a rounded selection of WRITINGS OF LEON TROTSKY, 1932-33 BOOK Trotsky's speeches. An excellent introduc­ (Turkey) 368 pp., $8.95, paper $3.45 THE MARXIST THEORY OF ALIENATION tion to the revolutionary's life and ideas, Marxist Economics by Ernest Mandel and George Novack this work covers three distinct historical WRITINGS OF LEON TROTSKY, 1933-34 and Philosophy 96 pp., $3.95, paper $1.45 periods: the preparation for the Russian (France) 384 pp., $8.95, paper $3.45 Revolution, the building of a socialist so­ DECLINE OF THE DOLLAR: A Marxist View THE ORIGINS OF MATERIALISM ciety after the Bolshevik victory, and WRITINGS OF LEON. TROTSKY, 1934-35 of the Monetary Crisis by George Novack Trotsky's opposition to the Stalinist bureau­ (France) 368 pp., $8.95, paper $3.45 by Ernest Mandel 300 pp., $6.95, paper $2.95 cracy and last exile from 1929 to 1940. 128 pp., $4.95, paper $1.75 A MONAD 336 pp., $8.95, paper $3.45 WRITINGS OF LEON TROTSKY, 1935-36 , PRESS BOOK THEIR MORALS AND OURS: Marxist (Norway) 152 pp., 8 x 11, paper $2.95 Versus Liberal Views on Morality MILITARY WRITINGS DEMOCRACY AND REVOLUTION by Leon Trotsky, John Dewey, George by Leon Trotsky WRITINGS OF LEON TROTSKY, 1937-38 by George Novack Novack 160 pp., $5.95, paper $2.25 (Mexico) 184 pp., 8 x 11, paper $2.95 This is the first comprehensive history from 80 pp., paper $1.25 the Marxist standpoint of democracy in MY LIFE: An Attempt at on Autobiography WRITINGS OF LEON TROTSKY, 1938-39 all its important aspects. Novack traces UNDERSTANDING HISTORY: Marxist Es­ by Leon Trotsky {Mexico) 152 pp., 8 x 11, paper $2.95 the sequence of its evolution through three says 640 pp., $12.50, paper $3.95 successive stages of precapitalist democ­ by George Novack WRITINGS OF LEON TROTSKY, 1939-40 racy, the rise and decline of bourgeois 160 pp., $5.95, paper $2.25 THE ORIGIN OF THE FAMILY, PRIVATE (Mexico) 128 pp., 8 x 11, paper $2.45 democracy and the problems and pros­ PROPERTY, AND THE STATE pects of socialist democracy in the twen­ by Frederick Engels Also see CRITIQUES OF STALINISM and tieth century. 288 pp., $7.95, paper $2.95 Introduction by Evelyn Reed. 192 pp., pa­ MARXIST ECONOMICS AND PHILOSOPHY Marxist Theory per $2.25 EMPIRICISM AND ITS EVOLUTION PROBLEMS OF EVERYDAY LIFE: And Other by George Novack THE FIRST FIVE YEARS OF THE COMMU­ Writings on Culture and Science 166 pp., $4.95, paper $2.45 NIST INTERNATIONAL by Leon Trotsky Revolutionary by Leon Trotsky AN INTRODUCTION TO THE LOGIC OF 320 pp., $8.95, paper $3.25 A MONAD Politics in Europe Vol. I, 384 pp., $8.95, paper $3.75; Vol. PRESS BOOK MARXISM II, 400 pp., $8.95, paper $3.75. Two volume FIFTY YEARS OF WORLD REVOLUTION: by George Novack set: $17.90, paper $7.50 A MONAD PRESS ROSA LUXEMBURG SPEAKS An International Symposium Now in its fifth printing, this work has be­ BOOK Edited with an introduction by Mary-Alice Edited by Ernest Mandel. 366 pp., $7.95, come one of the most widely read con­ Waters. This collection reveals Luxem­ paper $2.95 temporary expositions of dialectical ma­ IN DEFENSE OF MARXISM (Against the burg's broad range of political, economic, terialism. It contrasts formal and dialec­ Petty-Bourgeois Opposition) scientific, social and aesthetic interests. THE JEWISH QUESTION: A Marxist Inter­ tical logic, discusses the major categories by Leon Trotsky Murdered by German counterrevolution­ pretation of dialectical logic, and illustrates the rele­ 211 pp., $6.95, paper $2.75 aries in 1919 because of the tmpact she by Abram Leon vance of the Marxist method to contempo­ had on the German masses, Luxemburg 272 pp., $7.95, paper $2.95 rary social struggles. 144 pp., $4. 95, paper THE JEWISH QUESTION: A Marxist Inter­ rem a ins one of the foremost Marxist theo­ $1.50 pretation reticians and fighters in history. 473 pp., LEON TROTSKY ON BRITAIN AN INTRODUCTION TO MARXIST ECO­ by Abram Leon $10.00, paper $3.95 Trotsky's writings on the developments of NOMIC THEORY 272 pp., $7.95, paper $2.95 the British labor movement during the by Ernest Mandel THE TRANSITIONAL PROGRAM FOR SO­ twenties, the period of labor militancy A concise explanation of the basic prin­ LEON TROTSKY: The Man and His Work CIALIST REVOLUTION and the general strike, are among his ciples of Marxist political economy and An anthology of reminiscences and ap­ by Leon Trotsky sharpest and wittiest polemics. This work their application to contemporary monop- praisals, 128 pp., 8 x 11, paper $2.45 With introductory essays by Joseph Han- is divided into three parts: Part I includes

16 pamphlets

his 1925 book Where is Britain Going?, BLACK POWER IN THE CARIBBEAN, by Part II consists of Trotsky's replies to some John Riddell and Tony _Thomas, $.35 critics of Where is Britain Going?, and American Labor tHE BLACK UPRISINGS, by Paul Boutelle, Cuba and Part Ill contains his analyses of the Anglo­ Derrick Morrison, George Novack, Law­ latin America Russian Committee and its role in the and Radical Politics rence Stewart, $.35 CRISIS AND REPRESSION. IN ARGE~ general strike. 250 pp., $7.95, paper $2,95 THE COMING AMERICAN REVOLUTION TINA, by Peter Camejo, $.35 A MONAD PRESS BOOK by James P. Cannon, $,10 ' CUBA AND PROBLEMS OF WORKERS' DE­ E. V. DEBS: The Socialist Movement of His MOCRACY, by Harry Ring, $.35 REVOLT IN FRANCE: May-June 1968 Time-Its Meaning for Today, by James DOUGLAS BRAVO SPEAKS, $.25 P. Cannon, $.50 Edited by Les Evans. 168 pp., 8 x 11, FIDEL CASTRO DENOUNCES BUREAU­ paper $1.95 GENOCIDE AGAINST THE INDIANS: Its CRACY AND SECTARIANISM, $.50 Role in the Rise of U.S. Capitalism, by THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLARATION REVOLUTIONARY MARXIST STUDENTS IN George Novack, $.60 POLAND SPEAK OUT THE HIGH SCHOOL REVOLT, by Steve OF HAVANA, by Fidel Castro, $.50 by Jacek Kuron, Karol Modzelewski, Chainey, $.35 GUEVARA'S GUERRILLA STRATEGY: A Cri­ Antonio Zambroski, Isaac Deutscher HOW TO MAKE A REVOLUTION IN THE tique and Some _Proposals, by Peter Ca­ 96 pp., paper $1.25 U.S., by Peter Camejo, $.35 mejo, $.60 HOW CUBA UPROOTED RACE DIS. THE SPANISH REVOLUTION (1931-39) IN DEFENSE OF SOCIALISM, by Albert by Leon Trotsky Goldman, $.50 CRIMINATION, by Harry Ring, $,35 Spa in in the 1930s was the last great THE I. W. W., by James P. Cannon, $.50 HUGO BLANCO ON CHILE AND PERU, cauldron of revolution and counterrevolu­ LEON TROTSKY ON THE LABOR PARTY $.35 A NEW STAGE IN THE ADVANCE OF CU­ tion before the onslaught of World War II. IN THE U.S., $.60 BAN SOCIALISM, by Fidel Castro, $.50 Arrayed on one side were the forces of LIFE IN AN AUTO PLANT, by Tom Cagle, ON VIETNAM AND WORLD REVOLU­ international fascism; on the qther, an $.25 uneasy and ill-fated coalition of bourgeois MAOISM IN THE U.S.: A History. of the TION, by Che Guevara, $.25 liberals, Stalinists, Anarchists, and Social-· Progressive Labor Party, by Mary-A Iice THE REVOLUTION MUST BE A SCHOOL ists. It was a confrontation that focused Waters, $,50 OF UNFETTERED THOUGHT, by Fidel Cas­ the attention of the world around issues MARXISM VERSUS NEO-ANARCHIST TER­ tro, $.25 SOCIALISM AND MAN, by Che Guevara, that are still debated today. For the fir.st RORISM, by George Novack, $,25 $.35 time in a single volume, the day-to-day THE NEW RADICALIZATION: Compared with Those of the Past, by George Breit­ THOSE WHO ARE NOT REVOLUTIONARY assessments of the Spanish revolution and BLACK WOMEN'S LIBERATION, by Maxine man, $.50 FIGHTERS CANNOT BE CALLED COMMU­ civil war by Leon Trotsky are collected. Williams and Pamela Newman, $.35 A POLITICAL BIOGRAPHY OF WALTER NISTS, by Fidel Castro, $.75 448 pp., $1 0.00, paper $3.95 THE CASE FOR AN INDEPENDENT BLACK REUTHER: The Record of an Opportunist, WOMEN AND THE CUBAN REVOLUTION, PARTY, Socialist Workers Party, $.50 by Beatrice Hansen, $,40 by Fidel Castro and Linda Jenness, $,35 THE STRUGGLE AGAINST FASCISM IN THE FRAUD OF BLACK CAPITALISM, by THE PRISON REVOLT, by Joe Johnson, $.35 GERMANY Dick Roberts, $.25 PROBLEMS OF STRATEGY AND TACTICS by Leon Trotsky FREEDOM Now; Socialist Workers Party, IN THE TRADE UNIONS, Anthology, $.60 480 pp., $12.50, paper $3.95 $.25 SAM ADAMS AND THE AMERICAN REV­ HOW A MINORITY CAN CHANGE SO­ OLUTION, by Harry Frankel, $.75 WHITHER FRANCE? CIETY, by George Breitman, $.50 SOCIALISM AND DEMOCRACY, by Linda by Leon Trotsky IN DEFENSE OF BLACK NATIONALISM: Jenness, $.25 160 pp., $4.95, paper $1.45 An Answer to the Communist Party and THE WAGE PRICE FREEZE SWINDLE, by the Young Workers Liberation League, by Les Evans and Linda Jenness, $.35 Tony Thomas, $.60 Also see THE BLACK STRUGGLE, CH"­ LEON TROTSKY ON BLACK NATIONAL­ Women's Liberation CANO LIBERATION, and WOMEN'S LIB­ ISM AND SELF-DETERMINATION, $1.05 FEMINISM AND SOCIALISM ERATION MALCOLM X: THE_MAN AND HIS IDEAS, An anthology, edited with an introduction by George Breitman, $.50 by Linda Jenness. This anthology conveys MARXISM AND THE NEGRO STRUGGLE, an air of excitement as women debate by Harold ~ruse, George Breitman, Clif­ the issues confronting the fern inist move­ ton DeBerry, $.75 ment. The authors are socialist women MURDER IN MEMPHIS: Martin Luther King active in the women's liberation struggle. and the Future of the Black Liberation They delve into the elements of women's Struggle, by Paul Boutelle, George No­ oppression and map out a program that vack, Clifton DeBerry, Joseph Hansen, $.25 can end the secondary status of women. MYTHS ABOUT MALCOLM X: Two Views, 160 pp., $5.95, paper $1.95 by Rev. Albert Cleage and George Breit­ man, $.50 THE MOD DONNA AND SCYKLON Z: ON BLACK SEPARATISM, by Robert S. Ecology Plays of Women's Liberation Browne and Robert Vernon, $.60 by Myrna Lamb RACE PREJUDICE: How It Began, When It GROWTH, TECHNOLOGY, AND HUMAN 200 pp., $5.95, paper $2.25 SUR~IVAL, by Fred Feldman, $.50 Will End, by George Breitman, $.35 THE POLLUTION CRISIS: Who Is Responsi­ A TRANSITIONAL PROGRAM FOR BLACK ble?, by Ronald Reosti, $.35 THE ORIGIN OF THE FAMILY, PRIVATE LIBERATION, Socialist Workers Party, $.35 THE "POPULATION EXPLOSION": How So­ PROPERTY, AND THE STATE TWO SPEECHES BY MALCOLM X, $.50 by Frederick Engels cialists View It, by Joseph Hansen, $.65 TWO VIEWS ON PAN-AFRICANISM, by Introduction by Evelyn Reed. 192 pp., pa­ Robert Allen and Tony Thomas, $.50 per $2.25 Ireland PROBLEMS OF WOMEN'S LIBERATION The Chicano by Evelyn Reed IRELAND IN REBELLION, by Gerry Foley, 96 pp., $3,95, paper $]'.45 The Black Struggle Liberation Movement $.60 BERT CORONA HABLA (Spanish edition), PROBLEMS OF THE IRISH REVOLUTION: WOMEN AND THE FAMILY THE ASSASSINATION OF MALCOLM X, $.35 Can the IRA Meet the Challenge?, by Ger­ by Leon Trotsky by George Breitman and Herman Porter, BERT CORONA SP.EAi

THE MILITANT/ DECEMBER 15, 1972 17 pamphlets

EUROPE AND AMERICA: Two Speeches on Imperialism, by Leon Trotsky, $.95 FASCISM: What It Is and How to Fight It, by Leon Trotsky, $.60 radical bookstores in your area IN DEFENSE OF SOCIALISM, by Alb"ert Soviet Union, Goldman, $.50 ATLANTA LOS ANGELES KEY PROBLEMS OF THE TRANSITION East Europe, and China Militant Book Store Modern Book Shop FROM CAPITALISM TO SOCIALISM, by BEHIND CHINA'S "GREAT CULTURAL REV­ 68 Peachtree St., 3rd Fl. 1107 1/2 N. Western Ave., 3rd Fl. Pierre Frank, George Novack, Ernest Man­ OLUTION", by Peng Shu-tse, Pierre Frank, Tel. 523-0610 Tel. 463-1917 del, $.75 Joseph Hansen, George Novack, $.75 LENIN AS ELECTION CAMPAIGN MAN­ CHINA AND THE U.S. A.: Behind the AUSTIN AGER, by Doug Jenness, $.25 Militant Bookstore Great Turnabout, by Dick Roberts, $.60 MINNEAPOLIS. LEON TROTSKY ON ENGELS AND KAUT­ 611 West 29th St. THE CHINESE REVOLUTION: Problems and Labor Book Store SKY,$.50 Tel. 478-8602 Perspectives, by Leon Trotsky, $.50 1 University Ave. N. E., 2nd Fl. (at E. LEON TROTSKY ON THE PARIS COM­ THE DYNAMICS OF THE ANTIBUREAU­ Hennepin) MUNE, $J.05 CRATIC STRUGGLE IN THE USSR AND BERKELEY Tel. 332-n81 LEON TROTSKY ON THE TRADE UNIONS EAST EUROPE, by Gus Horowitz, $.60 Granma Bookstore $1.05 THE INVASION OF CZECHOSLOVAKIA, 2509 Telegraph Ave. LIBERALISM, ULTRALEFTISM, OR MASS AC­ edited by Les Evans, $.65 Tel. 841-9744 NEW YORK CITY TION, by Peter Camejo, $.35 Merit Bookstore MARXISM AND CHRISTIANITY: Are They NIXON'S MOSCOW AND PEKING SUM­ BOSTON 706 Broadway (near 4th St.) Compatible?, by Theodore Edwards and MITS: Their Meaning for Vietnam, by Jo­ Pathfinder Books Tel. 982-5940 Rev. Blase Bonpane, $.40 seph Hansen and Caroline Lund, $.60 ON THE SUPPRESSED TESTAMENT OF 655 Atlantic Ave., 3rd Fl. MARXISM IN OUR TIME, by Leon Trotsky, Pathfinder Bookstore LENIN, by Leon Trotsky, $.50 Tel. 338-1560 $.65 2744 Broadway, 2nd Fl. (near 105th St.) MARXISM VERSUS NEO-ANARCHIST TER­ PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE AND WORLD BROOKLYN Tel. 663-3000 RORISM, by George Novack, $.25 REVOLUTION, by Ernest Mandel, $.60 Militant Books THE MARXIST THEORY OF THE STATE, by REPRESSION IN CZECHOSLOVAKIA, An­ . 136 Lawrence St. (near Korvettes) Ernest Mandel, $.50 thology, $.60 PHILADELPHIA Tel. 596-2849 THE NEW RADICALIZATION: Compared REBELS AND BUREAUCRATS: Soviet Con­ Pathfinder Bookstore with Those of the Past, by George Breit­ flicts as Seen in Solzhenitsyn's CANCER , 1004 Filbert St. (1 block north of Morket) CHICAGO man, $.50 WARD, by George Saunders, $.50 Tel. 627-9989 Debs Bookstore .ON SOCIALIST MAN, by Isaac Deutscher, THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION, by James 180 N. Wacker Dr., Room 310 $.50 P. Cannon, $.10 Tel. 641-0147 PORRAND PEACEFUL COEXISTENCE AND WORLD STALINISM AND BOLSHEVISM, by Leon Militant Bookstore REVOLUTION, by Ernest Mandel, $.60 Trotsky, $.50 CLEVELAND 208 S. W. Stark St., Room 201 PROBLEMS OF CIVIL WAR, by Leon Debs Hall Books Tel. 226-2715 Trotsky, $.40 Vietnam and the 4420 Superior Ave. PROBLEMS OF STRATEGY AND TACTICS Tel. 391-5553 IN THE TRADE UNIONS, Anthologyr $.60 Antiwar Movement SAN FRANCISCO QUEBEC NATIONALISM: Its Roots and Gls AND THE fiGHT AGAINST THE WAR, Pioneer Books DENVER Meaning, by Arthur Young, $.25 by Mary-Alice Waters, $.25 2338 Market St. Militant Bookstore REFORM OR REVOLUTION, by Rosa IMMEDIATE WITHDRAWAL VS. NEGOTI­ Tel. 626-9958 1203 California St. Luxemburg, $.95 ATIONS, by Caroline Jenness, $.25 Tel. 623-2825 THE REVOLUTIONARY POTENTIAL OF THE MAY 1970: BIRTH OF THE ANTIWAR UNI­ WORKING CLASS, by Ernest Mandel and VERSITY, Anthology, $1.05 SEA mE DETROIT George Novack, $.65 NIXON'S MOSCOW AND PEKING SUM­ Militant Book Store The Militant Bookstore REVOLUTIONARY STRATEGY IN THE IM­ MITS: Their Meaning for Vietnam, by Jo­ 5257 University Way, N. E. 3737 Woodward Ave. PERIALIST COUNTRIES, by Ernest Mandel, seph Hansen and Caroline Lund, $.60 Tel. 523-2555 Tel. 831-6135 $.35 ON VIETNAM AND WORLD REVOLU­ THE REVOLUTIONARY STUDENT MOVE­ TION, by Che Guevara, $.25 HOUSTON WASHINGTON, D. C. MENT: Theory and Practice, by Ernest Man­ THE ROAD TO PEACE, by James P. Can­ Pathfinder Bookstore Militant Bookstore del, $.85 non, $.10 • 64091yons Ave. 746 9th St., N.W., 2nd Fl. SOCIALISM AND DEMOCRACY, by Linda WAR AND REVOLUTION IN VIETNAM, by Tel. 673-9445 Tel. 783-2363 Jenness, $.25 Doug Jenness, $.35 SOCIALISM AND MAN, by Che Guevara, $.35 SOCIALISM: UTOPIAN AND SCIENTIFIC, by Frederick Engels, $.95 Women's Liberation order form STALINISM AND BOLSHEVISM, by Leon ABORTION: A WOMAN'S RIGHT, by Linda Title Quantity Trotsky, $.50 Jenness, Caroline Lund, Cindy Jaquith, A STRATEGY FOR REVOLUTIONARY $.35 YOUTH, Fourth International, $.50 BLACK WOMEN'S LIBERATION, by Maxine WHAT POLICY FOR REVOLUTIONISTS­ Williams and Pamela Newman, $.35 MARXISM OR ULTRALEFTISM?, by James CHICANAS SPEAK OUT, Women: New P. Cannon and Grandizo Munis, $.75 Voice of La Raza, by Mirto Vidal, $.35 THE YOUTH MOVEMENT AND THE ALIEN­ THE FAMILY: REVOLUTIONARY OR OP­ ATION OF SOCIETY, by Jose Reveultas, PRESSIVE FORCE?, by Caroline Lund, $.25 $.35 FEMINISM AND THE MARXIST MOVE­ MENT, by Mary-Alice Waters, $.60 The Mideast and IN DEFENSE OF THE WOMEN'S MOVE­ the Arab Revolution MENT, by Ruthann Miller, Mary-Alice W a- Individuals please enclose payment with order. No shipping or hand­ BURNING ISS.UES OF THE MIDEAST CRI­ . ters, Evelyn Reed, $.25 ling charge if order is less than $].00. For orders between $] and $5, IS BIOLOGY WOMAN'S DESTINY?, by SIS, by Peter Buch, $.40 please add 25c for costs. For orders over $5, please odd 50c for costs. Evelyn Reed, $.50 1 DOCUMENTS OF THE PALESTINIAN RE­ No COD orders. KATE MILLETT'S SEXUAL POLITICS: A Marx­ SISTANCE MOVEMENT, Anthology, $.40 ist Appreciation, Anthology, $.60 Enclosed is$ ___ for books requested above. HOW CAN THE JEWS SURVIVE?: A So­ PIONEERS OF WOMEN'S LIBERATION, cialist Answer to Zionism, by George No­ by Joyce Cowley, $,25 Name ______vack, $.25 SISTERHOOD IS POWERFUL, by Betsey ISRAEL AND THE ARABS, Anthology, $.40 Stone $.35 Street ______------LEON TROTSKY ON THE JEWISH QUES­ SISTERS IN STRUGGLE 1848-1920, by Deb­ TION, $.50 by Woodroofe, $.60 City------State------Zip---- MIDEAST OIL AND U.S. IMPERIALISM, by WOMEN AND THE CUBAN REVOLUTION, Dick R"oberts, $.35 by Fidel Castro and Linda Jenness, $.35 Monad Press Books are exclusively distributed by PATHFINDER PRESS, THE TRUTH ABOUT ISRAEL AND ZIONISM, WOMEN AND THE EQUAL RIGHTS ORDER FROM: PATHFINDER PRESS, INC., 410 West Street, New York, by Nathan Weinstock and Jon Rothschild, AMENDMENT, by Caroline Lund and N.Y. 10014 Tel. (212) 741-0690 $.25 Betsey Stone, $,25

18 Pentagon. Did the Nov.7 youth vote papers trial set mean a 'turn to the right'? to open Dec. 12 By CINDY JAQUITH would vote for 'none of the above.'" By LEE SMITH A major theme of the speculations by pollsters A senior at Harvard University told Roberts, DEC. 5-Federal Judge William Byrne Jr. had and reporters during the 1972 election campaign "McGovern's frequent compromising and vacilla­ hoped to begin hearing opening arguments in the was the impact of the youth vote. tion disillusioned enough people so that they ques­ Pentagon papers trial of Daniel Ellsberg and An­ What aroused the interest in new voters was tion the extent to which they will actively support thony Russo Jr. Dec. 6. But he is now hoping the fact that young people, particularly students, him.... But they aren't disillusioned enough to to begin Dec. 12. By next week the date may have been the most active in leading such move­ vote for Nixon." be pushed back even further. ments for social change as the fight against the A survey printed in the Oct. 2 Newsweek showed Ellsberg and Russo are being tried by a fed­ war in Vietnam, the struggles of Blacks and Chi­ that -the war in Vietnam was seen as the most eral court in Los Angeles because of their role canos, and the women's liberation'""movement. , important election issue by people in the 18 to in making public the secret Pentagon papers study In fact, it was the radicalization of young people 24 age bracket. "But interestingly enough,_" News­ of U.S. war policy in Indochina. It has been that prompted the Democrats and Republicans to week reported, "Vietnam does not come across nearly a year since the indictment was handed finally enfranchise 18-year-olds, with the hope that as a plus for George McGovern. Roughly similar down. It has been four months since the jury numbers of young people believe that the Presi­ was selected. dent (36 per cent) and McGovern (35 per cent) Defense attorneys Leonard Boudin and Leonard would be best at handling the war." Weinglass won a halt to the trial· last July after While new voters gave McGovern a slim ma­ Judge Byz:ne inadvertently blurted out that the jority, the 46 percent vote .for Nixon showed that government had told him one of the defense law­ like older voters, many young people mistaken­ yer's conversations had been picked up on a "for­ ly saw the president as a "peace candidate." The eign intelligence wiretap." The lawyers got Supreme announcement that a "settlemenr of the war in Court Justice William Douglas to stop the trial Vietnam was at hand undoubtedly wonmoreyoung and filed a petition to have their motion reviewed people to support Nixon. by the entire court this fall. Their motion sought In addition, Nixon's appeal to racist sentiments to force disclosure of the details of the bugging helped him get the votes of many white youth. incident. A significant number-30 percent-of those new On Nov. 13, the Supreme Court denied the de­ voters who registered never went to the polls. It fense petition. The following week the defense filed is likely that many of these people began as Mc­ motions in Byrne's court for a mistrial on the Govern supporters early in the election year, but ground that the jury could not help but be biased then grew totally disgusted with their candidate because of prejudice against the defendants created as he proceeded to water down his positions and by public statements of Vice-president Spiro Agnew, retract his promises. Republican National Chairman Senator Robert One expression of the disillusionment with Mc­ Dole, and other national figures. Boudin cited Govern came on election day from his New Haven, Agnew's statement over national TV Oct. 29: "I Conn., campaign cochairwoman. "What's hap­ also feel that whether a person steals Larry O'Bri­ pened is that we've moved from crusade to com­ en's secret papers or steals the Pentagon papers, promise," explained Lee Novick in answer to a he should be punished." reporter's question about the cynical attitude to­ The mention of Democratic National Chairman ward the elections at Yale. O'Brien's papers was a reference to the Water­ Another sign of the discontent with the Demo­ gate burglary. The use of the word "steal" and cratic and Republican parties was the fact that the attempt by public officials to equate disclosure 15,000 people, mostly youth, signed endorser cards of the Pentagon papers with the Watergate inci­ Only 70 percent of the young people who registered dent, Boudin argued, made it imperative that a to vote went to the polls. new jury be selected if there were to be a fair trial. voting rights would encourage them to "work within Byrne questioned the jurors for more than two the system." hours Dec. 1 and then denied the defense motion. A total of 25.7 million people between the ages of The jurors all claimed their minds were still clear 18 and 24 became eligible to vote ih their first of bias. Several of them, however, admitted to presidential election this year. One-third of them having had conversations with others about the were students. case during the last four months. The voter turnout for all ages in 1972 was the The defense plans to appeal Byrne's ruling on lowest in percentage since 1948-only 54.5 per­ their mistrial motion. At the same time, they have cent , of those eligible cast ballots, 76 percent of filed still another motion. After Byrne's ruling those who had registered. But the turnout of young Dec. 1, Charles Nesson, one of the lawyers on voters was even lower. the defense team, told the judge that a set of doc­ Seventy percent of the new voters who registered uments supplied to the defense by the government actually went to the polls. This represented only that week showed that the prosecution intended to 11.4 million, or 44 percent, of the eligible young use as evidence documents different from those voters. previously supplied to the defense. A CBS postelection survey of new voters gave Court procedure requires the prosecution to make a 52 to 46 percent margin to George McGovern. detailed disclosure to the defense of the evidence "This was far from the decisive margin predicted it intends to use. Nesson charged that of the 610 by his strategists," wrote the Nov. 9 New York documents presented to the defense Nov. 27, only Times. "Early in the campaign, they projected a 220 had been among the 663 the government youth vote of 18 million, with Mr. McGovern win­ had indicated earlier it intended to use. ning 13 million." On the basis of this change in the government's The polls had begun to show a close race for evidence, Nesson told Byrne, the defense wants the youth vote between Nixon and McGovern ear­ an additional month's delay. Byrne replied sharp­ lier in the campaign. "During the first major drive Militant/laura Miller ly, "The matter can be handled in another way." to register new voters at Berkeley last spring," Young Socialists for Jenness and Pulley campaigned This, the defense infers, means that Byrne may said an article in the Nov. 6 Newsweek, "nine among youth demonstrating at Republican Party con­ not allow the government to use all of its new_ out of ten students were registering Democratic­ vention. evidence in order to be able to begin the trial the tenth, as often as not, choosing something Dec. 12. like the Socialist Workers Party. Now the guess­ for the Socialist Workers Party ticket of Linda ing is that at Berkeley, of all places, the President Jenness and Andrew Pulley. This was five times will win a third of the vote.... " the number the SWP obtained in 1968. Other articles reported the difficulty McGovern All these factors indicate that the radicalization supporters were having registering students to vote. among young people is deepening, not lessening. What went wrong with the predictions that there Some magazines and newspapers, however, have would be a big turnout by new voters? Why did tried to portray the youth vote and the lull in the expectations of the McGovern strategists fall activity on the campuses as a sign that young short? Does the close margin of the youth vote people are "returning to the fifties." mean that young people, especially students, are Jerrold Footlick, the author of the Nov. 6 News­ shifting to the right? week article, does not think so. He writes: "if the Part of the explanation for the low turnout '50s meant obedience, an unquestioning acceptance among young voters was the lack of choice be­ of the status quo and the simple pleasure of being tween Nixon and McGovern. Thus New York in college, the '70s are not at all the same. The Times reporter- Steven Roberts wrote, "The catch placid surface conceals tension- and an uneasi­ phrase on campus this fall is 'the lesser of two ness that in some hard-to-pin-down way gnaws evils,' and, if given the chance, many students at students, administrators and faculty alike."

Daniel Ellsberg

19 Novack How New Zealand socialists speaks on campaigned for Labour victory politics of By PETER SEIDMAN One of the international guests who took part in the Nov. 23-26 national philosophy convention of the Young Socialist Al­ liance was Kay Goodger, a leading By DAVID KEIL member of the New Zealand Socialist NEW YORK, Dec. 2- More than 100 Action League (SAL). Goodger, 25, pe<;>ple attended the Lower Manhattan also is active in the Wellington Wom­ Militant Labor Forum last night to en's Liberation group and heads the hear Marxist scholar George Novack women's liberation work of the SAL. speak on "The Relevance of Philoso­ I was able to interview Kay Good­ phy to Politics." ger when she stopped in New York Novack is the author of several after the convention. Our discussion books, including The Logic of Marx­ centered on the significance of the ism, Empiricism and Its Evolution, Nov. 25 upset victory of the Labour and a forthcoming book, Humanism Party in New Zealand's national elec­ and Socialism, to be released soon tions. In its biggest victory since 1935, by Pathfinder Press. Labour won 55 seats while the Na­ In his presentation, Novack pointed tional Party took only 32. out that Plato had urged that all rul­ "Labour won the 1972 elections pri­ ers be philosophers. In contrast, he marily because of the increasing dis­ said, the professional capitalist poli­ satisfaction with the fix of the last ticians in this country have no more 12 years of National Party rule," use for philosophy than the invo­ Goodger explained. cation, on appropriate occasions, of She outlined how under the Na­ God's blessing. tional Party welfare services have But now, as always, philosophy steadily eroded. "The government finds itself at the service of political Socialist Action abolished the system of free milk in Auckland, New Zealand, march for repeal of abortion lows purposes, Novack argued. Philoso­ schools in 1967, a system which had phers can play a part in the political been introduced by the first Labour I asked Goodger to describe the role quite a bit of support in the Labour process, often as critics of the estab­ government of 193549. The public of New Zealand revolutionary social­ Party for legal abortion, the leader­ lished order. "France has its Jean-Paul hospital \system, once regarded as the ists, who initiated a Socialists for La­ ship, thinking that they're going to Sartre," he said, "Poland, its Leszek most progressive in ·the world, is in bour Campaign, in the elections. lose votes from Catholic people, ha'S Kolakowski, England had its Ber­ a state of chaos. The National govern­ "The goals of the Socialists for La­ come out very strongly against do­ trand Russell- and we, alas! have ment has been responsible for trying bour Campaign were to bring the real ing anything. It hasn't actually said Sidney Hook!" Hook has been a cold · to shift the emphasis of medical care issues into the elections in the context it's against abortion. We can expect warrior for many years, and enthu­ to private rather than public control of support for Labour, as the party that with their eiection, we'll have siastically supported Nixon in the arid has done nothing to rectify the of the working class. We wanted to some sort of commission of inquiry 1972 elections. , serious shortage of doctors. show young activists in the move­ at the most." In the workers states, Novack said, "The government," she added, "has ments for social change the impor­ Goodger explained that through the Stalinist school elevates its high­ dramatically reduced the housing and tance of relating to this party, while past struggles, the Maori people had est political leaders to the level of building program introduced in the at the same time criticizing it and won four seats in the 87 -seat New Zea­ philosophical geniuses. Yet Mao and 1940s by the Labour government." putting pressure on its right-wing lead­ land Parliament, although Maoris Stalin distorted or dogmatized Marx­ Goodger said that the National Par- ership to support the issues we raised. make up 8 to 9 percent of the popu­ ist thought. In addition, sectarian dog­ "We said the Labour Party must end lation. matists of the Stalinist tradition seek all support to the war in Indochina, "Both the National and Labour Par­ to exclude persons of varying philo­ end all wage restraints, repeal the ties run candidates for these seats, sophical ideas from political and ideo­ abortion laws, and end sporting con-· which can only be voted on by the logical discussions. tacts with South Africa. It should sup­ Maori voters. There has been quite Novack discussed the philosophy of port the demands of the movements a bit of activity over the election pe­ the spontam!ist current in the student for Maori language and land rights riod about Maori life-particularly movement. According to spontaneists, [Maoris are the original Polynesian concerning their right to be taught accidental causes, not necessity, deter­ inhabitants of New Zealand], for de­ their own language in the schools. But mine events. Hence, revolutionary or­ mocracy in the high schools, and for there's been no real pressure from, ganization is not needed. Marxism an end to antihomosexual laws. We or specific call by, the Labour Party takes the opposite view. To bring the say the Labour Party must support to do this." spontaneous impulses of mass strug­ these movements because they are the Goodger explained that the antiwar gles to fruition, Novack said, a rev­ allies of the working class in the strug­ movement in New Zealand-which qlutionary party must be built. gle for socialism. has organized as many as 35,000 Novack's audience was provided "The campaign accomplished much people across the country in mass with what he called "an excellent ex­ in drawing niany young people to street demonstrations -"had a definite ample of sectarianism in philosophy" support the idea of a socialist alterna­ effect on the Labour Party. This year's when two spectators, evidently mem­ tive to the right-wing leadership of the national mobilization received en- bers of the Healyite Workers League, Labour Party. As Young 'Socialists for . dorsement from far more Labour MPs rose to denounce his philosophy as a Labour Government, these people and candidates than did the previous "liberal." They rejected the idea that conducted a wide campaign selling Kay Goodger Militant/Mark Satinoff year's, and this helped build the dem­ Marxist philosophy, as Novack said, Socialist Action, the campaign news­ onstration. Also, the Labour Party must incorporate the best previous ac­ paper, ·and distributing campaign lit­ conference this year unanimously complishments of human thought, ty government has also proposed erature at all the main election meet­ adopted a motion condemning the however imperfect, and that philoso­ measures to curb the actions of the ings in the country. People endorsed mining of the North Vietnamese har­ phy, while it is important, is not the unions, and this has led to "increasing the Socialists for Labour campaign bors and the bombing of Hanoi." driving force of revolutionary politics. conflict between the union movement from 14 areas in New Zealand." The Labour Party has pledged to and the National government." I asked Goodger what positions the withdraw the New Zealand training In addition, the demands of the ris­ Labour Party had taken on the issues forces left in Vietnam by the National ing protest movements have been to­ of women's rights, the war in South­ government. tally ignored. "The government has east Asia, and the struggles of the been adamant in supporting U.S. im­ Maoris. Goodger discussed the impact the perialism in Indochina, in its support She explained that abortion is il­ new Labour government would have. for continued sporting contact with legal in New Zealand unless per­ "We will have to continue organizing racist South Africa, and in its com­ formed to save the life of the woman. to demand that the Labour govern­ plicity with the employers over the Nevertheless, she said, between 6,000 ment make the changes people want. issue of equal pay for women. It has and 15,000 women in this country - The people of New Zealand will be stated firmly its opposition to legal of only three million obtain illegal expecting more from the Labour gov­ abortion and free contraception." abortions every year. Only the weal­ ernment than they did from the Na­ Did the Labour Party present a clear thy can easily afford the trip to Aus­ tional Party when it was in power. alternative to the National Party pol­ tralia or to such faraway places as And the Labour government, offering icies? Japan and New York to obtain legal only a few reforms of the capitalist "While the Labour Party was viewed abortions. system and not being capable of fully as having a better stand on social "The Labour Party has to some ex­ solving the problems people face, will issues," she answered, "the 1972 elec­ tent related to the demands of the serve to sharpen the conflict between tion was not characterized by sharp women's liberation movement by talk­ the party leadership and its radicaliz­ differences over any key issues. ing about increasing decent child care ing members and supporters and will Rather, the real issues about which the and being firm about equal pay, but underline the need for a socialist al­ majority of people are concerned were they've completely run away from the ternative to its current program and George Novack Militant/Brian Shannon hardly touched upon." abortion issue. And although there's leadership."

20 Abdeen Jabara hits anti-Arab attacks A panel on Nixon's anti-Arab witch­ of 1966, to disclose the nature of the requested that the agent write that hunt was held at the recent Young measures being taken on the grounds statement on a piece of paper, sign Socialist Alliance convention. Abdeen that such release would jeopardize the it, and have it witnessed. The agent Jabara, president of the Association success of the campaign.· refused. The Palestinian complained of Arab-American University Gradu­ However, certain remarks can be again and was told by the head of ates, was one of the panelists. The made as to the nature of the cam­ the FBI office in Kansas City: "Well, following are excerpts from his paign. this is a tactic that is sometimes used remarks. The institution of "Operation Boul­ by our agents to obtain information." der" was a result of three telegrams This campaign is occurring on a At this juncture in the history of the sent by Secretary of State Rogers to generalized, widespread basis through­ Palestinian-Zionist conflict, I would all posts around the world. Hence­ out the country, against Arab-Amer­ like to alert you to a campaign, a forth, all Arab' ethnics, regardless of icans, permanent residents, and Arab generalized campaign of harassment, nationality, must be cleared through students. intimidation, and persecutionlaunched the Washington intelligence commu­ Other actions taken by the FBI in­ by the Nixon administration in a di­ nity before being granted a visa. clude a generalized review of those rective on Sept. 25, which established Secondly, we see the screening of people who have recently visited the a cabinet-level committee on terror­ all Arab students within the United Middle East, or who subscribe to var­ ism. Its members represent the FBI, States for their views with regard to ious journals which have supported the Central Intelligence Agency, the the Palestinian question, and to de­ or written or spoken on the problem. attorney general, and the State, De­ termine whether or not any visa ir­ We feel that the nature of this cam­ fense, Transportation, and Treasury regularities existed. This is designed paign is not designed to "screen" peo­ departments. It is headed by a former to harass and intimidate these students ple the government has "reason to American ambassador to Lebanon into silence and to stop the activism believe might be planning terrorism," and has started to implement a num­ which they have demonstrated on as reported in an Oct. 5 New York ber of unspecified, vague, omnibus campuses around the country. Times article, but rather to suppress, to measures against several classes of Thirdly, we see the screening of per­ intimidate, and to liquidate the organi­ people in the United States. manent Arab residents, which is a zational and associational activities These are Arab students on F-1 stu­ different status than student visas. Milito ohn Gray which have been taken on behalf of dent visas, permanent residents, Amer­ They have considerably more rights. Anti-Arab witch-hunt aims to silence all the Palestinian revolution. ican citizens of Arabic-speaking back­ It's much more difficult to revoke a supporters of Palestinian struggle. The Association of Arab-American ground, and Americans who have permanent residency status and de­ University Graduates has undertaken supported the Palestinian revolution. port the individual than in the case a campaign to react to this challenge, What has been the nature of this cam­ of a student visa. I would like to lties and made them get him an at­ placing a one-third page ad in the paign? The government has been un­ give some specific examples of what torney. New York Times on Oct. 29 entitled willing, despite requests to do so un­ is happening around the country. In He was taken before the hearing "Is the Nixon administration playing der the Freedom of Information Act Los Angeles, in Kansas City, in New examiner of the Immigration and Nat­ politics with civil rights?" We have York, in Texas, etc. uralization Service. When he asked supplied information about this cam­ In Kansas City, a student received how. he could be in the country il­ paign to the American Civil Liberties an extension of his visa from the Im­ legally when he possessed a valid ex­ Union, which has written a letter to migration and Naturalization Service tension of his visa, no answer was Attorney General Kleindienst and has for a period of six months on the given, and he was ordered to depart issued a statement, a statement which basis of presenting a valid 1-20 form, the country within 30 days -which has not appeared in the media. that is, that he is currently enrolled he has done. We have supplied information to an in a degree program. He subsequently A senior design engineer for the investigative reporter for the National married an American citizen who filed Kansas State Highway Department, Observer, who, on Oct. 18, 1972, in a petition on his behalf for permanent a permanent resident, was visited on a front-page article, indicated: "Arabs residency. numerous occasions by the FBI. On taste U.S. terror." And we are making He went to the INS in Kansas City one occasion they demanded his fin­ every effort to reach fraternal groups, to check on the status of that petition, gerprints and photograph at 12 o'­ such as the Young Socialist Alliance was handed a letter saying that his clock· midnight. He said, "I refuse to and the Socialist Workers Party, to visa extension had been revoked, the answer the knock on the door. If you alert them to this campaign, to ask petition of his wife had been denied, wish to contact me you can make their solidarity, in terms of practical and he was under arrest for being il­ an appointment." measures, on campus and off cam­ legally in the country. He was incar­ He complained to the superiors of pus, to react, to inform the American cerated for six days in the county jail, the FBI agent and was met again people, particularly nationality was not allowed to obtain an attorney the second day in a Ramada Inn groups, as to the character of this until he pleaded with an electrician restaurant where he was told that they campaign, so that a public outcry who then contacted a priest in the jail had information that he was a mem­ can put an end to it and we can con­ Abdeen Jabara Militant/Mark Satinoff who contacted the immigration author- ber of a terrorist organization. He tinue with our work. swedish gre,etings to young socialists Revolutionary organizations around in your daily political practice you these enterprises. And that goes espe­ left that is dominated by Maoist or­ the world sent greetings to the twelfth have introduced important perspec­ cially for revolutionaries in the so­ ganizations. And, as you know, the national convention of the Young tives to us. We want to emphasize called welfare states, such as Sweden, Stalinist concept of united actions is Socialist Alliance, held in Cleveland two aspects of your political work where more than ever it is necessary quite different from ours. Nov. 23-26. Messages were received that have been important for us. to widen the political framework and So today, with the principles you from such countries as Venezuela, Firstly, your political work has broaden the student and working-class use, and other sections of the Fourth Luxembourg, France, Canada, Aus­ given meaning to the idea that it is struggles so that they also include, International use, we have succeeded tralia, India, Sri Lanka, and Sweden. absolutely necessary for a communist for example, the problems of transpor­ in building several united antiwar ac­ In some cases greetings came from party to understand and deal with all tation, housing, and pollution, and the tions that have attracted some parts groups that were unable to send mem­ contradictions within a society. Your cultural situation as a whole. What of the Swedish left. bers to observe the convention. The attempts to develop a revolutionary we want to say is that the YSA and These are just two aspects of your Revolutionary Communist League of approach toward important problems the SWP have given us a taste of such work that we are eager to underline. Japan and the Socialist Youth Alliance in all different fields, and on all dif­ a policy. We are sure that in the future, together of Australia were prevented from at­ ferent levels of the society, is inspiring, Secondly, your work in the antiwar with you, we will continue to develop tending the convention by the U.S. and we admire your refusal to let movement has become the example international campaigns and actions; government, which refused to grant any of the so-called new questions we have followed in our education and, together with you and revolution­ visas to their representatives. be monopolized by the bourgeois mass on how to build united actions. And ists all over the world, we will build The greetings came from groups that media. this has been important for us in a really strong Fourth International. are affiliated to, or maintain fraternal So, for example, your discussion Sweden, where you have an extreme Long live the Fourth International! relations with, the Fourth Interna­ on the ecological crisis, women's lib­ tionaL Although undemocratic legisla­ eration, the bourgeois family, etc., has tion prevents the YSA and the been followed up by us. For us this Socialist Workers Party from affiliat­ total scope of society is important, ing to the Fourth International, they because we have to challenge a Stalin­ are in political solidarity with it. ist and reformist tradition that too The following are excerpts from the often has limited itself to the problems greetings of a member of the Revolu­ inside the factory gates. tionary Marxist League of Sweden: We all know that the working class We, the Revolutionary Marxist League in the big industries and enterprises of Sweden, give our revolutionary is the center around which revolution­ greetings to the YSA convention. For ary politics develops, but we also us, the YSA and SWP not only rep­ know that a revolutionary policy has resent a stimulating historical tradi­ to include a lot more than just solu­ tion of the Trotskyist movement, but tions determined by the situation in Women's liberation demonstration in Stockholm, Sweden, April 1972.

THE MILITANT/ DECEMBER 15, 1972 21 21 KittY. Hawk sailors face trial Pentagon study finds military courts racist By LEE SMITH summary courts-martial. It recom­ DEC. 5 - The aircraft carrier Kitty mended that racial discrimination be Hawk has been back in port at San made punishable under the Uniform Diego harbor for one week. The House Code of Military Justice. It suggested subcommittee that held hearings on that aptitude tests be reevaluated, tak­ the Constellation protest is ready to ing cultural and ethnic backgrounds begin round two of its investigation more into account. It suggested that into the causes of "unresr among race relations programs be expanded. Black seamen. And it suggested that helmets and oth­ The ship's arrival Nov. 28 was fol­ er headgear be redesigned to allow lowed two days later by the release them to be worn with Mro and other of a four-volume Pentagon study scor­ contemporary hair styles. In all, the ing the system of military justice and panel made more than 100 specific a Navy transcript of a pretrial in­ proposals and recommendations. vestigation into the Oct. 12 Kitty In the meantime, 21 Black seamen Hawk disturbance. still face court-martial on charges The kind of treatment that sparked stemming from the Oct. 12 clash on the fight by Black sailors is docu­ the Kitty Hawk. mented in the Pentagon's four-volume study. Compiled by a biracial task The Navy is attempting to keep the force of both military and civilian lid tightly clamped on news concern­ representatives, the report rips the ing these trials. When the Kitty Hawk prevalence of uneven punishment of docked Nov. 28, its commander, Cap­ Blacks and whites for the same of­ tain Marland Townsend Jr., held a fense. news conference at dockside. Chaired jointly by Nathaniel Jones, As the 5,000 crewmen and officers general counsel for the NAACP, and streamed off the 80,000-ton vessel to Lieutenant General Claire Hutchin, the music of a Navy band and the commander of the First Army, the cheers of some 3,000 friends and rel­ task force said that in interviews with atives, Townsend told newsmen he Sailors give Black power salute as Kitty Hawk docks Nov. 28 scores of Gis it found that Blacks had ordered his men not to discuss get heavier sentences for minor of­ the Oct. 12 incident with reporters. fenses than whites, are more often put He himself said only. that the trouble had been beaten. Another sailor said lie address system and made an im­ under pretrial confinement than on that date was "very small" and of the Marine security patz-ol: "every passioned plea for the Blacks to re­ white$, and get more administrative "incidental to the total mission." Town­ Black they saw, they started beating turn to the after mess deck and for discharges than whites. send claimed there was no racial dis­ their heads." the Marines to go to the forecastle In looking for those who bear re­ crimination on the Kitty Hawk. All It is still not clear exactly what hap­ deck. Minutes afterward, Captain sponsibility for these practices, the of the 27 persons arrested and charged pened to touch off the fighting between Townsend got on the sound system. panel concluded that discrimination after the Oct. 12 fighting, in which Black sailors and white Marines Oct. and overruled Cloud: "the XO' s [ex­ has a mysterious life of its own: "The 46 persons were injured, were Black. 12, but the general course of events ecutive officer] been misinformed, discrimination is sometimes pur­ Six of those charged were disciplined in the six-hour incident is described problems are not as bad as they seem, posive; more often it is not," the report at sea before "captain's mast." The in the pretrial transcript released by everybody go about their busi­ says. "Indeed, it often occurs against other 21 were flown to San Diego to the Navy Nov. 30. ness ...." the dictates not only in policy but face court-martial after the ship ar­ The master-at-arms called out the Earlier accounts quoting Navy of­ in the face of determined efforts of rived. Marine patrol around 9:30p.m. when ficers and quoting from interviews commanders, staff personnel and ded­ Blacks coming down the gangplank a group of 30 to 40 Black sailors with the crew during a stop in Ha­ icated service men and women." off the Kitty Hawk shouted "racism" gathered on the rear mess deck. waii had suggested the Black sailors But in its recommendations, the task when reporters asked them what had Soon the Marines were clubbing the were grouped on the mess deck in force got back down to earth. It said caused the trouble Oct. 12. Some Blacks with their nightsticks. The Ma­ the first place because of a protest penalties for minor offenses should Black sailors stopped and talked to rines went on a free-for-all, attacking against an investigation into an ear­ be standardized. It stressed the need reporters despite the fact they had been every Black they could find. The lier incident at Subic Bay in the Phil­ to recruit more Black and Spanish­ ordered not to and their officers were Blacks defended themselves, and the ippines, a liberty port. These earlier speaking lawyers. It called for revi­ watching them. One Black seaman, fighting went on until around 3 a.m. accounts said the Blacks were angry sion of the system of command se­ who had served for 14 years, said According to the pretrial transcript, when no whites were summoned for lection of military jurors. It proposed the Kitty Hawk's Black executive of­ around 11 p. m. Cloud, the Black ex­ questioning about the Subic Bay in­ substitution of a new procedure for ficer, Commander Benjamin Cloud, ecutive officer, got on the ship's pub- cident. Argentine tells of Lanusse's repression By ALEX BAGOS union activity or for student activism. gram for Inter-American Communica­ held for more than 15 months without WASHINGTON, D. C., Dec. 2 -"I am They can be arrested and held in tion and Action ( EPICA) of the Na­ trial. As a result of a campaign in 23 years old and have been living prison for a long time, subject to the tional Council of Churches. The meet­ Argentina and the U.S., particularly under a 'state of siege' all my life. will of the government- the executive ing was sponsored by EPICA, the a picket line held by USLA in New I have never voted for anyone ... branch of the government because Committee Against Repression in Bra­ York, Tasca was freed. but can be arrested at any time and congress is dissolved and political zil (CARIB), Common Frontfor Lat­ Zadunaisky' s next stop after D. C. held fot long periods." in Ameri~a (COFFLA), American was Philadelphia, where he spoke to These are the words of Daniel Za­ Friends of Guatemala, Washington 50 people at the University of Penn­ dunaisky, an Argentine activist in the Clergy and Laity Concerned, Dum­ sylvania. He also spoke after services movement to defend political prison­ barton United Methodist Church, the at the First Unitarian Church. On ers and a former political prisoner D. C. Anti-Imperialist Committee, and Dec. 4, he spoke at Princeton Uni­ himself. Zadunaisky is on a U. S. the Washington, D. C., US LA. versity in New Jersey. speaking tour to gain support for ac­ He also spoke at the University of tivists imprisoned by the Lanusse dic­ Maryland, American University, and tatorship. The tour is sponsored by Federal City College. On Dec. 1, he Militant correspondent Glen Boatman the U.S. Committee for Justice to Lat­ spoke at the D. C. Militant Forum, reports that Zadunaisky spoke to in American Political Prisoners. along with a Brazilian student who more than 300 people at the Univer­ During a two-day visit to theW ash­ had been imprisoned and tortured in sity of Minnesota on Nov. 21, includ­ ington, D. C., area Nov. 30 and Dec. his country. ing presentations to classes on Ar­ 1, Zadunaisky spoke to six meetings One of the main points Zadunaisky gentine history and Latin American totaling 300 people, held a success­ made during his tour was the effec­ politics. He also spoke at a Latina­ ful press conference, and appeared on tiveness of international solidarity in American film program at the Cath­ a radio talk -show. the campaign to free Argentine po­ olic student center. All of these pro­ . He described the situation in Ar­ litical prisoners. He pointed out that grams were part of a day-long teach­ gentina to an audience at the Dum­ "the Argentine government wants to in on Latin America sponsored by barton United Methodist Church in preserve a democratic image interna­ · eight organizations, including the lo­ Georgetown. "The Argentine govern· tionally, and it embarrasses thelll" cal USLA. Militant/Mark Satinofl ment rules under an article of the Daniel Zadunaisky when word gets out about the repres­ The Argentine activist also appeared constitution called the 'state of siege,' sion and torture in Argentina. Dem­ at a Nov. 20 news conference, cov­ which, when it is applied, invalidates parties are dissolved." He went on onstrations and picket lines around ered by Twin Cities newspapers and the rest of the constitution because to describe the various forms of tor­ the world, and especially in the U. S., TV stations, at which the Reverend all constitutional rights and guaran­ ture used against Argentine political he said, are "a tremendous help to Vincent Hawkinson from the interna­ tees are suspended. prisoners. us in freeing the prisoners." tional affairs committee of the Min­ "It means that persons can be ar­ Zadunaisky was introduced to the As a specific example, he mentioned nesota Council of Churches an­ rested for any type of activity-not Georgetown audience by Philip Whea­ the ease of Augustin Tosco, an Ar­ nounced the formation of a local only for political activity but also for ton, director of the Ecumenical Pro- gentine trade-union leader who was USLA chapter.

22 POLLSTER= BLACK SAILORS REBELLED AGAIIST 'MOSCOW IllY'S RACISM BOOSTED 1111011 II WWII By LEE SMITH "The Russians virtually pushed Mr. Nixon back into the White House when t; they agreed to go ahead with the Sum­ mit meeting after the mining at Hai­ phong." That's the conclusion of poll­ ster Daniel Yankelovich. "The news media failed to identify the truly decisive event of the election," Yahkelovich wrote in an article that appeared in the Nov. 30 New York Review of Books, "because it occurred months before the campaign even be­ gan.... " Yankelovich reports that his poll­ sters found the Vietnam war to be "the issue of greatest concern to the American public." He adds that "Do­ mestic issues also played a part but we found they were not nearly so im­ portant." A company of Black soldiers and white officer at Kelly Field, Texas, in 1941. U.S. fought 'for democracy' with segregated armed Undoubtedly, the key "domestic is­ forces in World War II. · sue" contributing to Nixon's electoral victory was his appeal to the racism The following is the second in a hinted that this policy was approved In their letter, the 15 said they were of white voters on such issues as bus­ series on racism in the U. S. military. by an ex officio committee of three taking the step of writing "regardless ing and welfare. But Yankelovich does not discuss other issues besides the By LEE SMITH comprised of A. Philip Randolph, of any action Naval authorities may war. Most Black leaders urged Blacks to president of the Brotherhood of Sleep­ take [because] it could not possibly The survey expert points out that in support and serve in World War I. ing Car Porters; Walter White, presi­ surpass the mental cruelty inflicted April, before Nixon mined North Viet­ Even W. E. B. DuBois, whose research dent of the NAACP; and T. Arnold upon us on this ship.'' nam's harbors, his "Vietnam policy on the battlefield led to extensive docu­ Hill. The action of Naval authorities was was in serious trouble with the voters. mentation of racist treatment of Blacks The three men angrily answered the reported in the Nov. 9 Socialist Ap­ by the military, had urged Blacks to commander-in-chief in a telegram they peal (a predecessor to The Militant): support Wilson's "war for democracy." made public. It said in part: "Because they wrote a letter protesting In an editorial entitled "Close Ranks" "We most vigorously protest your the intolerable Jim Crow conditions in in the NAACP's Crisis magazine, Du­ approval of War Department policy the U.S. Navy and sent it to the Negro Bois argued that the U. S. government, regarding Negroes in armed forces press, 15 young colored messmen on which professed democratic ideals, which precludes Negro officers except the U.S. S. Philadelphia have been should be supported against the Ger­ chaplains and doctors in regular ar­ clapped into the brig... .'' man government, which did not even my units other than two national The same issue of the Socialist Ap­ pay lip service to such beliefs. guard regiments staffed by Negro of­ peal contained the Socialist Workers The article in last week's Militant ficers .... Party's resolution on Military Policy indicated that many Black sailors and "We further vigorously question your and the Negroes. This resolution said soldiers put up with the racist abuse statement that morale is splendid in in part: of their officers out of a conviction that existing Negro units of the regular "The system of Jim Crowism in the by performing well in battle they army. Many enlisted men in these seg­ armed forces demonstrates very clear­ could help improve the condition of regated units have made repeated pro­ ly to the Negro the hypocrisy of slo­ tests at being forced to serve as host­ their race. Of course, no such thing gans about 'war for democracy.' But Brezhnev and Nixon happened. lers and servants to white army of­ the ruling class maintains Jim Crow­ For example, the 369th Harlem ficers . ... " (Emphasis added.) ism in the armed forces. For it cannot Regiment soldiers who Emmett Scott wipe out this system in the armed USS Philadelphia At that time when the Harris poll claimed told him they would swallow forces without endangering the whole asked, 'Does Nixon inspire confi­ insults and fight "for the sake of the Meanwhile, a number of Black mess­ system of Jim Crowism practiced in dence?' the people interviewed an­ Negro race" earned (from the Ger­ men aboard the USS Philadelphia got 'civilian life': in industry, in civil ser­ swered no, by a margin of five to mans) the name "Hell Fighters." The together near the end of September vice, on relief, at the ballot booth, in four." regiment was in the trenches 191 days, 1940 to discuss the racist abuse they housing, theaters, restaurants- eco­ Right after Nixon mined the har­ never lost a foot of ground, and was suffered. Fifteen of them composed and nomically, politically, socially. The bors, Yankelovich says, "people ex­ the first unit of the Allied Armies to capitalists fear that NO NEGRO pected the worst. In the past, most reach the Rhine. More than 1,000 were TRAINED TO HANDLE A GUN decisions on Vietnam made in times killed or wounded. But when they re­ WOULD PEACEFULLY GO BACK of crisis- such as the Cambodian 'in­ turned home it was to a United States TO THE OLD LIFE OF DISCRIMI­ cursion'-had proved disastrous." He where hooded klansmen paraded on NEGRO SAILORS OUSTED FOR PROTEST NATION, SEGREGATION, DIS­ says the voters were reminded of the the Capitol mall and lynched Blacks FRANCHISEMENT AND INSULT Cuban missile crisis of 1962. The key across the country without fear of AFTER TRAINING IN AN ARMY question on most people's minds was: prosecution. WHERE HE WAS TREATED AS AN "How would the Russians react?" When EQUAL WITH WHITE SOLDIERS.'' it was learned the Russians were not World War II The capitalists were indeed afraid. cancelling Nixon's visit, Yankelovich In the Second World War few Black Despite a flood of letters from Black writes, the public was "vastly relieved." leaders with any following held the po­ and labor organizations into the of­ He reports that people watched with sition Scott or DuBois had taken. They fice of Navy Secretary Frank Knox, "mounting confidence" Nixon "being were constrained by an outlook that protesting the Navy's Jim Crowism toasted at Soviet banquets." put their opposition to Jim Crow in and demanding release of the Phila­ "Slowly, almost imperceptibly, the the context of general support to the ION THl WAW FROfrUS I delphia sailors, the brass stuck to its message got through to the American racist policies. In late November of U.S. war effort. But Black leaders Dec. 14, 1940, Socialist Appeal public: Nixon had faced the Russians such as A. Philip Randolph were 1940, the Bureau of Navigation put down, and the danger to the US from moved by the militancy and increased out the following statement: the war- the danger of a big power organization of the Black masses to signed a letter to the Pittsburgh Cou­ "After many years of experience, the confrontation-had been defused." take a more combative stance in the rier, a Black newspaper. policy of not enlisting men of the After this, Yankelovich claims, "in the fight against military segregation "On enlisting," they began their let­ colored race for any branch of the public mind it was almost as if the war when conscription was again institu­ ter,"we are given the same mental an~ naval service, except the messmen' s had ended at the Moscow Summit." He ted in October 1940. physical examination as the white sail­ branch, was adopted to meet the best states: "Soviet/ Chinese acquiescence in Soon after the new draft law was en­ ors and were given to believe that we interests of general ship efficiency .... the Haiphong mining had handed Mr. acted, President Franklin Roosevelt have the privilege of choosing any "This policy not only serves the best Nixon an overwhelming diplomatic was hit with protest against a White branch of the service the Navy offers. interests of the navy and the country, victory, containing the seeds of his House statement brushing aside the This is not true. but serves as well the best interests subsequent political victory at home." law's civil rights provisions. "This pol­ "With three months of training in of the men themselves." During the rest of the preelection icy [not to intermingle Black and white making beds, shining shoes and serv­ And so, "in the best interests of the period, Yankelovich says, "an un­ sailors]," the statement said, "has ing officers completed, we are sent navy and the country," in December wavering 62 percent of the voters said, proved satisfactory over a long period to various ships and stations. of the of 1940 the Navy gave 13 of the 'Mr. Nixon is doing everything he can of years, and to make changes would Navy.... " Philadelphia sailors "undesirable" dis­ to end the war.' They voted for him produce situations destructive to mo­ Blacks joining the Navy, the 15 charges. Two of the men, Shannon largely, if not exclusively, for this rale and detrimental to the prepara­ wrote, only "become . . . seagoing Goodwin and Byron Johnson, were reason." tions for national defense." Along with bellhops, chambermaids and dish­ court martialed. These sailors had the statement, Roosevelt broadly washers." Continued on page 26

THE MILITANT/ DECEMBER 15, 1972 23. In Review Magazines Pamphlets Repression in Argentina Crisis and Repression in Argen­ tina by Peter Camejo and Nahuel Moreno. Pathfinder Press. New York, 1972. 24 pp. 35 cents. With the Nov. 17 return of Juan Peron to Argentina, the rulers of that country are entering the final phase of an electoral maneuver they hope will stave off what is developing as one of the sharpest confrontations be­ tween the oppressed masses and their exploiters in all of Latin America. Letty Cottin Pogrebin Those seeking an introductory guide Down With Sexist Upbringing to the meaning of events in Argentina "Maybe a girl isn't 1 < . ,,., '"' ruined by one book, will find one in this pamphlet, which but a whole library of negative, '····-'" contains two articles by Peter Camejo stultifying stories can ruin the female reprinted from The Militant of Sept. spirit" 8 and 15 and an interview with Ar­ gentine Trotskyist leader Nahuel Mo­ reno that appeared in expanded form in the Oct. 20 Militant. In his two articles, Camejo defines the role of Peronism in Argentine poli­ tics and demonstrates its relationship to the massive semi-insurrections that have gripped Argentina's cities peri­ odically since May 1969. He also outlines the major tenden­ cies that are playing key roles in the preparations for Argentina's 1973 Ms. 123 Garden St., Marion, Ohio 43302. Subscrip­ Gloria Steinem retracing McGovern's political career and elections. These elections were called tion: 1 Year $9. Back issues $1.50 each. even rationalizing his reactionary stance on abortion as after a series of uprisings in 1971 practical politics. Another issue has an article listing wom­ prompted Argentina's strongest mili­ The next time someone tries to tell you that the average en candidates around the country, but neglects to point tary figure, General Alejandro La­ American woman has no interest in feminist ideas, you out that the SWP, ·as well· as running many women for nusse, to seize power directly in a might try quoting the circulation figures for Ms.- a local offices, was the only party running a woman (Linda military coup. monthly magazine that is the most successful publication Jenness) for president. Then the November issue carried Lanusse invited Peron to return to to emerge from the women's liberation movement to date. a "Memo for Election Day," detailing Nixon's bankrupt Argentina and participate in the "Great Its preview issue last winter had a run of 300,000 policies on major issues. The result of this treatment was National Agreement." This is the elec­ copies-enough, its editors felt confident, to remain on to give an implicit endorsement to George McGovern. tion agreement the major political the stands eight weeks until the first regular issue was Given the fact that McGovern's campaign was one of forces are trying to work out, with ready. It completely sold out in eight days and brought the most important factors responsible for the disorienta­ the hope of demobilizing the masses its editors some 20,000 letters of response! Its circulation tion in the women's movement during the past year, it through a parliamentary maneuver. has been rising ever since. was particularly ironic for a feminist publication to take With the exception of the Argentine So­ What is likely to appear in a typical issue of Ms.? In such a stance. M:my feminists believed that electing Mc­ cialist Party, the PSA, nearly every the beginning pages, one finds the regular departments. Govern would solve at least some of their problems, and left group, including the Communist "Ms. on the Arts" has done such things as review the they turned . away fro!ll building an independent feminist Party, has fallen for the Lanusse-Peron New York Festival of Women's Films, plug feminist rock movement. gambit. Camejo's articles provide im­ bands, and elevate the novels of Margaret Drabble from The abortion rights struggle was particularly harmed portant explanations of the history obscurity to the acclaim they deserve. Then there's "Popu­ by this turning away from visible, aggressive actions to and program of the PSA, which have list Mechanics," which systematically demystifies things go into the back rooms of the electoral arena to beg led it to conduct an independent work­ like cars and the space between your walls. There's a politicians to support women's issues. By its emphasis ing-class campaign in the 1973 elec­ "Men's Page." And there's also at least one article intended on the McGovern campaign, Ms. contributed to this dis­ tions. for children. Although most of the articles for children orientation. In his interview, Moreno describes seem to verge on the overly "cute" side, that is a judg­ In other respects, however, Ms. has definitely helped how the Trelew massacre of 16 po­ ment young people would have to make themselves. build the abortion rights movement. It has reported fa­ litical prisoners in August has affected Most of the articles are features, and on the whole, vorably on the activities of the Women's National Abor­ the political situation in Argentina. are exceptionally well written. There have been articles tion Action Coalition (WONAAC), and it regularly runs Moreno also outlines some of the on female sexuality, women's liberation in Spain, women the "American Women's Petition," a list of women who plans the PSA has made for its elec­ in the Army, to name only a few. Each month numerous have had abortions and who urge the repeal of all anti­ tion campaign. pieces give specific information on legal rights of wom­ abortion laws. -PETER SEIDMAN en in education and employment, citing lawsuits in these Ms. is the only publication that has been able to be areas. both professionally done and widely circulated while re­ An attempt is made to cover the lives of Black and maining generally feminist. in content and aimed at draw­ Latin women, but this remains a weak area. ing women into a movement that is fighting to change There have also been reminiscences of women such this society. as Marilyn Monroe and Sylvia Plath, whose lives are Ms. has provided a vehicle through which women can now being filtered through the prism of feminist conscious­ establish a sense of solidarity with feminist ideas, even ness and interpreted anew. though it may be a solitary and passive bond. The maga­ The best articles are most always those on women's zine has been particularly important to new feminists, history. One dealt with the oppression of female garment many of whom were previously scared off by the nega­ workers at the turn of the century, pointing out that they tive image the sexist press has bestowed on the women's were fined for crooked stitches or for laughing, and that liberation movement. It has convinced them that feminist they had to pay their boss 50 cents a week for the use ideas are relevant to their lives. of his machines and electricity! Hopefully future issues will have more coverage directed Ms. also participates in controversies surrounding the toward those who want to take action against their op­ women's movement. The December issue contains an out­ pression, discussing various strategies that can be used raged reply to Midge Deeter's new book The New Chas­ to do such things as defeat the anti-abortion forces. The tity and Other Arguments Against Women's Liberation. lack of such articles has been a weakness. An additional controversial area Ms. covered was the Nonetheless, the way Ms. has reflected and contributed elections. The manner in which it treated them must be to the deep impact feminism has had on the lives of mil­ criticized, however. While it was covering George McGov­ lions of women cannot be underestimated. As one woman ern's _campaign thoroughly, Ms. never gave attention to wrote in a letter to the editors, "It's difficult to express candidates running in parties opposed to the Democrats the sense of exhilaration I experienced upon finding in and Republicans, such as the Raza Unida parties and print the ideas which have been smoldering in my semi­ Socialist Workers Party. rebellious soul for some forty years." The October issue contains a lengthy piece by editor -DEBBY WOODROOFE

24 .. THE LEFT OPPOSITION II THE USSR= FORMATION OF THE 1923 OPPOSITION

The following is the third in a series ed empirically to the pressures of the powers- a policy long advocated by acy." For a year and a half, Trotsky on the history of the left opposition Russian economy. By far the largest Trotsky, and one that Lenin had ori­ explained, he had been raising these in the Soviet Union. sector of that economy was the peas­ ginally disagreed with. problems within the central committee ant farms, and the dominant sector of But the triumvirate refused to of the party. But in view of the crisis By DAVE FRANKEL the peasantry - the rich peasants - change its basic policies. The trium­ produced by the policies being car­ By the end of 1922 Stalin had formed soon began to have a strong influence virate refused to tax the rich peasan­ ried out, he now considered himself a bloc with Kamenev and Zinoviev on economic policy. try to get the funds needed to develop free to take the discussion beyond that within the Politburo of the Bolshevik Lenin had been well aware of the industry- a policy that could have body. Party. Zinoviev and Kamenev led the need to develop industry and eco­ been carried out without destroying On Oct. 15, one week later, 46 other party organizations in Moscow and nomic planning. In November 1922, the advances in agricultural produc­ leading members of the Bolshevik Par­ Petrograd, Russia's two major cities. he said: tion. Instead, it allowed industry to ty submitted a manifesto to the cen­ Zinoviev was also the first president "The salvation of Russia lies not stagnate, while placing the burden of tral committee. This "platform of the of the Communist International. only in a good harvest on the peas­ its operation on the backs of the work­ 46" began with the economic crisis This bloc, known as the triumvirate, ant farms- that is not enough; and ing class. and went on to hit directly at the dominated the Politburo, and its sup­ not only in the good condition of light By 1923 industrial production as a bureaucratic clique controlling the porters had a majority in the central industry, which provides the peasan­ whole had risen to only one-third of party. It explained that the party lead­ committee. It was not based on a try with consumer goods- this, too, the 1913 total; by September unem­ ership's failure was due to "a direc­ particular political program but on is not enough; we also need heavy ployment had doubled from a year tion of affairs which is one-sided and industry." earlier, standing at 1,060,000. Wages adapted to the views and sympathies And that, he continued, "needs state were being paid irregularly and in of a narrow circle." As the result of subsidies. If we are not able ~o pro­ some cases were cut. Beginning in a "party leadership distorted by such vide them, we shall be doomed as a August and continuing into Septem­ narrow considerations," the party was civilized state, let alone as a socialist ber 192.3, a series of large strikes losing touch with the masses. state." swept Soviet industry in response to The platform decried the "division This had also been Leon Trotsky's these policies. The widespread discon- of the party between a secretarial hier- view, that in the long run the develop­ ment of both agriculture and light industry rested on the recovery of hea­ vy industry. Heavy industry was needed to produce replacements for worn-out machinery, an adequate sys­ tem of transport, tractors and fertil­ izer for farming, etc. Only the planned development of heavy industry in har­ mony with the rest of the economy could lay the groundwork necessary to lift Russia out or' its backwardness and allow the development of culture and of material abundance. The agreement between Lenin and Trotsky on this course was cemented in October 1922 when the central com­ mittee of the Bolshevik Party passed, in their absence, a measure that would have led to the eventual destruction of the government's monopoly of for­ eign trade. On Dec. 15 Lenin informed Stalin, "I have ... come to an agree­ ment with Trotsky on the defence of Zinoviev and Kamenev formed a bloc with Stalin against Trotsky. my views on the monopoly of foreign trade." He added, "I am sure Trotsky tent with the official policy was also . archy and 'quiet folk,' between pro­ will uphold my views as well as reflected by oppositional groupings fessional party officials recruited from I. ..." (Lenin: Collected Works, Vol. within the Bolshevik Party. above and the general mass of the 33, pp. 460-61; 1966 edition.) On top of all this, the policy of the party which does not participate in In Lenin's view, the relaxation of majority in the Politburo was incapa­ the common life." Party congresses, the monopoly of foreign trade, which ble of placating the peasants. The fail­ it charged, were becoming "the execu­ Stalin favored, "would in practice only ure to provide adequate subsidies for tive assemblies of this hierarchy." leave Russian industry entirely unpro­ heavy industry caused. a continuing The criticisms raised by Trotsky tected,". and would result in the "ruin increase in the price of manufactured and the 46 represented only the most [of] our home industry." goods relative to agricultural produce, visible expression of widespread un­ The monopoly of foreign trade not a situation disadvantageous to easiness and dissatisfaction within the only protected Soviet industry from the peasantry. party. The triumvirate was forced to being destroyed by the competition of allow a discussion within the party, the more advanced industries of the and it was announced on Nov. 7 that capitalist world. It was also one of Trotsky's response the columns of Pravda would be the main limitations on the introduc­ On Oct. 8, 1923, Trotsky addressed opened for different viewpoints. Leon Trotsky tion of private enterprise allowed by a letter to the central committee of The discussion, which began first the NEP. The retention of all foreign the Bolshevik Party in which he at­ in Moscow, showed at once the power­ trade in the hands of the state pre­ tributed the growth of factional groups ful discontent that had been building mutual support and the desire of the vented the rich peasantry and the pri­ within the party to two causes: "(a) up. Shortly after the debate had be­ participants to maintain themselves as vate industries established under the the radically incorrect and unhealthy gun, at least one-third of the party leaders of the party. Since this was NEP from making economic and po­ regime within the party, and (b) the organizations in the army sided with their main purpose, they subordinated litical links with international capi­ dissatisfaction of the workers and the opposition. The central committee to it the need to work out the best talism. peasants with the grievous economic of the communist youth and most of answers to economic and political Those who advocated relaxing situation, which has been brought the youth cells in Moscow did like­ problems. the trade monopoly were accom­ about as the result not only of objec­ wise. A large majority of student cells modating to the pressures of the rich tive difficulties, but of flagrant radical declared their support to the 46 (Trot­ Economic policy peasantry and of the new class of errors of economic policy." sky's differences with the triumvirate The consequences of this approach petty capitalists rising under the NEP. Pointing to the appointment of party were still only guessed at outside of were not long in coming. From the Lenin charged that Bukharin, who members to posts by the Organiza­ the central committee1. beginning of the New Economic Policy defended the loosening of the monop­ tional Bureau, headed by Stalin, "At some meetings in large factories (NEP) the recovery of heavy industry oly, was "acting as an advocate of Trotsky said that these were made not the triumvirs themselves were met with failed to keep pace with that of agri­ the profiteer, of the petty bourgeois, on the basis of merit, but "first and derision and heavily outvoted," ac­ culture and light industry. A consis­ and of the upper stratum of the peas­ foremost from the standpoint [of] how cording to historian Isaac Deutscher. tent economic plan was needed. Such antry in opposition to the industrial far they may support or hinder the Rykov, a supporter of the triumvirate a plan could have systematically de­ proletariat. ..." maintenance of the regime in the par- and a member of the Politburo, later veloped heavy industry, and with it On Dec. 18 the central committee ty ...." admitted that opposition speakers "fre­ the planned and nationalized part of backed down, and five days later Len­ Trotsky demanded that "secretarial quently" obtained majorities at party the economy as against the anarchic in underscored his agreement with bureaucratism" be replaced by "party meetings in this period. and backward peasant sector. Trotsky on economic policy. He urged democracy-· at any ·rate enough of The first reaction of Stalin and his But the triumvirate, since it had no that the State Planning Commission be it to prevent the party being threat­ cohorts was to resort to bureaucratic principled political program,· respond- strengthened by giving it legislative ened with ossification and degener- Continued on page 26

<>THE MILITANT/ DECEMBER 15, 1972 25 Submissiveness and dishonesty arenot in the Navy faced brutal racism. qualities of revolutionary fighters, nor The protest finally grew to the point are they the same as support to the that Roosevelt allowed a token number Veteran labor writer dies struggle of the Vietnamese for self­ of Blacks to become ensigns after determination. 1942. The vast majority of Blacks By FRANK LOVELL the 1950s he sympathized with efforts In fact, this idea was smuggled into in the Navy, however, remained "sea­ Carl Haessler died in Detroit, Dec. 1, to regroup all radical forces. In those the radical movement, not by genuine going chambermaids" throughout the at the age of 84. He was an antiwar years he was the Detroit correspon­ revolutionists, but by Stalin and his war. fighter, a working newsman, and an dent for the National Guardian. followers when they needed to destroy active participant in the labor and Following the Khrushchev revela­ the original fighting quality of the radical movement. tions in 1956 of the crimes of Stalin, Communist International and turn it As a young man he was a profes- Haessler began to rethink the politics into a collection of pressure groups sor of philosophy at the University of Stalinism. In this respect he was always looking after the best interests ... opposition of illinois, where he received a doc- different, more alert and responsive, of the Kremlin bureaucrats rather than Continued from page 25 tor of philosophy degree. He had pre- than most others of his generation the class struggle in their own country repressions. Antonov-Ovseenko, one viously completed his undergraduate of American radicals. He never lost and internationally. of the 46, the leader of the assault work at the University of Milwaukee hope, never ceased to study, never Jay Schaffner, a leader of the illi­ on the Winter Palace in October 1917, and studied as a Rhodes Scholar at rejected the basic ideas of socialism nois Young Workers Liberation a hero of the civil war in the Ukraine, Oxford University. that had inspired him as a youth. League, and a cosupporter with the and the Red Army's chief political He opposed World War I and was During the 1960s he sometimes visit­ Guardian of the "Sign Now" campaign, commissar, was dismissed from his sent to Fort Leavenworth prison. He ed the headquarters of the Socialist holds that NPAC's insistence on its post, and the vote in the military cells was later transferred to Alcatraz for Workers Party on Woodward Avenue "Out Now" position "is steering people halted. The central committee of the leading a prison strike. After his re- in Detroit. He occasionally attended away from the struggle for peace, communist youth was disbanded and lease in 1920, he remained for a time the Friday Night Socialist Forum, which is just what Nixon wants" ( quot­ replaced by nominees willing to sup­ in the Socialist Party. which met at the SWP headquarters, ed in the Nov. 16 Daily World, news­ port the line of the triumvirate. The Russian revolution had a and recounted his experiences in the paper reflecting the views of the Com­ At the same time that they carried strong influence on the young Haess- union movement, lectured on the state munist Party). out this campaign, Stalin and his al­ ler, and he never returned to the aca- of the unions, and debated the strategy In fact, however, the "Sign the Treaty lies attempted to neutralize some of demic world after leaving prison. and tactics of socialist electoral policy. Now" campaign of PCPJ has nothing the criticisms raised by the opposition He was an interesting lecturer and a to do with the antiwar movement, by identifying with them. A resolu­ For 35 years Haessler was iden­ lively debater, well known and respect­ which for the last seven years has been tion passed by the Politburo and pub­ tified with Federated Press, a national ed by everyone in the Detroit radical the principal expression of the Ameri­ lished on Dec. 7 pointed out and con­ labor news agency that started during movement. can people's opposition to their gov­ demned: "The sharp differentiation in the 1919 steel strike and supplied news He was a devoted supporter of the ernment's bloody aggression against the material situation of party mem­ to most of the CIO union papers dur­ antiwar movement, and throughout Vietnam. The "Sign the Treaty" move­ bers"; "an official narrowness of out­ ing the 1930s and 1940s. the 1960s he participated in nearly ment is a movement to support an im­ look"; "the danger of the loss of a During the rise of the CIO, Haess­ all Detroit demonstrations. perialist-imposed peace. broad view of socialist construction ler was busy helping to organize the He retained personal contacts in the as a whole and of world revolution"; new industrial union movement. He unions to the end of his life. As a and "the bureaucratization which has edited the first publication of the Auto reporter for a local of the Teamsters been observed in party offices." Workers union, The Auto Worker, and union, he attended the 1970 conven­ The resolution also called for "a was an organizer of the Newspaper tion of the United Auto Workers, the real and systematic application of the Guild. last presided over by Walter Reuther, principles of workers democracy." During this period he collaborated a onetime associate. ... WW II Trotsky, in an open letter to the party, with the Stalinized Communist Party Materials Haessler prepared on the Continued from page 23 called on the party membership to and supported their policies in the rise of the CIO and his association lacked what was necessary for a Black take the promises contained in the trade-union movement, which was re­ with the UAW are in the labor ar­ who wanted to be a "success" in the resolution on "the New Course" and flected in Federated Press dispatches. chives of. the Wayne State University Navy of World War II. turn them into a reality. It was neces­ During the McCarthyite reaction of library in Detroit. An anonymous sailor described the sary to remove from positions of lead­ qualifications in the NAACP's The ership "those who, at the first' word Crisis: " . . . never to show a spark of criticism, of objection, or. of pro­ of intelligence. . . . Everyone does his test, brandish the thunderbolts of pen­ best to keep a smart Negro 'in his alties ... the New Course must be­ place.' If one doesn't mind being in­ gin by making every one feel that others faltered." sulted by his superiors, if he is the from now on nobody will dare ter­ . ? There is no contradiction between kind that wants to be a rag under the rorize the party." ... s1gnnow. defending the right of the Vietnamese white man's feet ... then he is the Trotsky's open letter was published Continued from page 4 to self-determination and disagreeing type the navy wants. He is the type on Dec. 11, and on Dec. 15 an article ing. . . . In their adherence to the line with the Vietnamese leaders on one that will make a success as a mess­ by Stalin appeared in. Pravda that that the demand most understandable or another question. man." ended with a sharp attack on Trotsky. to the majority of people in the U. S. The idea that revolutionaries must More Black sailors, on the USS For the first time Trotsky was pub­ -and best able to win over the broad­ uncritically accept the leadership of Sampson and Davis and other ships, licly and unequivocally identified with est masses to the antiwar movement­ others and not always speak what they were inspired by the example of the the opposition. The battle that fol­ was' U.S. Out of Indochina Now,' they believe to be the truth is repugnant Philadelphia sailors to sign their lowed will be described in the next provided important leadership while to serious fighters for social change. names to letters confirming that Blacks article. Socialist Directory ALABAMA: Tuscaloosa: YSA, P. 0. Box 5462, University, Ala. 35486. versity, Bloomington, Ind. 47401. OHIO: Bowling Green: YSA, Box 27, U. Hall, Bowling Green State ARIZONA: Phoenix: YSA, c/o Angelo Mercure, P. 0. Box 890, Tempe, KENTUCKY: Lexington: YSA, P. 0. Box 952, University Station, Lexing­ University, Bowling Green, Ohio 43402. Ariz. 85281. ton, Ky. 40506. Cincinnati: YSA, c/o C. R. Mitts, P. 0. Box 32084, Cincinnati, Ohio 45232 CALIFORNIA: Berkeley-Oakland: SWP and YSA, 3536 Telegraph Ave., LOUISIANA: Baton Rouge: YSA, c/o Craig Biggio, 10975 She~aton Tel: (513) 242-6132. Oakland, Calif. 94609. Tel: (415)654-9728. Dr., Baton Rouge, La. 70815. Cleveland: SWP and YSA, 4420 Superior Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 44103. Chico: YSA, c/o "Kathy Isabell, 266 E. Sacramento Ave., Chico, Calif. MARYLAND: College Park: YSA, University P.O. Box 73, U of Md., Tel: (216)391-5553. , 95926. College Park, Md. 20742. Columbus: YSA, c/o Daryl Drobnick, 1510 Georgesville Rd., Colum­ Los Angeles: SWP and YSA, 11071/2 N. Western Ave., Los Angeles, MASSACHUSETTS: Amherst: YSA, R. S. 0. Box 324, U of Mass., Amherst, bus, Ohio 43228. Calif. 90029. Tel: SWP-(213)463-1917, YSA-(213)463-1966. Mass. 01002. Yellow Springs: YSA, Antioch College Union, Yellow Springs, Ohio Riverside: YSA, c/a Don Andrews,,3408 Florida, Riverside, Calif. 92507. Boston: SWP and YSA, c/o Militant Labor Forum, 655 Atlantic Ave., 45387. Sacramento: YSA, c/o Norm Holsinger, 817a 27 St., Sacramento, Calif. Third Floor, Boston, Mass. 02111. Tel: SWP-(617) 482-8050, YSA­ OREGON: Eugene: YSA, c/o Dave Hough, 12161/2 Lincoln, Eugene, 95816. Tel: (916)447-1883. (617) 482-8051; Issues and Activists Speaker's Bureau (IASB) andRe­ Ore. 97401, San Diego: SWP and YSA, 43091/2 51 St., San Diego, Calif. 92115. gional Committee-(6 .-7) 482-8052; Pathfinder Books-(617) 338-8560. Portland: SWP and YSA, 208 S. W. Stark, Room 201, Portland, Ore. Tel: (714)287-0787. MICHIGAN: Detroit: SWP, YSA, Eugene V. Debs Hall, 3737 Woodward 97204. Tel: (503) 226-2715. San Francisco: SWP, YSA, Militant Labor Forum, and Pioneer Books, Ave., Detroit, Mich. 48201. Tel: (313) TE1-6135. PENNSYLVANIA: Edinboro: YSA, Edinboro State College, Edinboro, 2338 Market St., San Francisco, Calif. 94114. Tel: (415) 626-9958. MI. Pleasant: YSA, c/o Rich Ropers, 903 Northwest Apts., MI. Pleasant, Pa.16412. • San Jose: YSA, c/o Chico Aldape, 453 S. 9th, *5, San Jose, Calif. Mich. 48858. Philadelphia: SWP and YSA, 1004 Filbert St. (one block north of Mar­ 95112. Tel: (408)286-8492. MINNESOTA: Minneapolis-St. Paul: SWP, YSA, and Labor Bookstore, ket), Philadelphia, Po. 19107. Tel: (215) WA5-4316. San Mateo: YSA, c/o Chris Stanley, 1712 Yorktown Rd., San Mateo, 1' University N. E. (at E. Hennepin) Second Floor,! Mpls. 55413. Tel: (612) RHODE ISLAND: Providence: YSA, P. 0. Box 117, Annex Sta., Provi­ Calif. 97330. 332-7781. dence, R.I. 02901. Militant Bookstore: 88 Benevolent St. Tel: (401) 331- Santa Barbara: YSA, c/o Carolyn Marsden, 413 Shasta Ln., Santa MISSOURI: Kansas City: YSA, c/o Student Activities Office, U of Mi s­ 1480. Barbara, Cal if. 93101. souri at Kansas City, 5100 Rockhill Road, Kansas City, Mo. 64110. TENNESSEE: Nashville: YSA, 1214 17th Ave. S., Nashville, Tenn. COLORADO; Boulder: YSA, c/o UMC Hostess Desk, U of Colorado, St. Louis: YSA, P.O. Box8037, St. Louis, Mo. 63156. 37212. Tel: (615)292-8827. Boulder, Colo. 80302. NEW HAMPSHIRE: Portsmouth: YSA, P. 0. Box 479, Durham, N.H. TEXAS: Austin: YSA and SWP, P. 0. Box 7753, University Station, Aus­ Denver: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 1203 California, Denver, 03824. tin, Texas 78712. Tel: (512) 478-8602. Colo. 80204. Tel: (303) 623-2825. Bookstore open Mon.-Sat., 10:30 a.m. NEW JERSEY: Red Bank: YSA, P.O. Box 222, Rumson, N.J. 07160. Houston: SWP and YSA and Pathfinder Books, 6409 Lyons Ave., Hous­ -7 p.m. NEW MEXICO: Albuquerque: YSA, c/o Kathy Helmer, 9920 Leyen­ ton, Texas 77020. Tel: (713) 67 4-0612. CONNECTICUT: Hartford: YSA, c/a Bob Quigley, 427 Main St. *206, decker Rd. N. E., Albuquerque, N.-M. 87112. Tel.(505) 296-6230. Lubbock: YSA, c/o Tim McGovern, P. 0. Box 5090, Tech. Station, Lub­ Hnrtlord, Conn. 06103. Tel: (203) 246-6797. NEW YORK: Binghamton: YSA, Box 1073, Harpur College, Binghamton, bock, Texas 79409. New Haven: YSA, P. 0. Box 185, New Haven, Conn. 06501. N.Y. 13901. Tel: (607) 798-4142. San Antonio: YSA, c/o P. 0. Box 77 4, San Antonio, Texas 78202. Storrs: YSA, P.O. Box 176, Storrs, Conn. 06268. Brooklyn: SWP and YSA, 136 Lawrence St. (at Willoughby), Brooklyn, VERMONT: Burlington: YSA, c/o John Franco, 241 Malletts Bay Ave., FLORIDA: Tallcohassee: YSA, c/o Sarah Ryan, 1806 ~ake Bradford Rd., N.Y. 11201. Tel: (212)596-2849. Winooski, Vt. 05404. Tallahassee, Fla. 32304. Long Island: P.O. Box 357, Roosevelt, L.l., N:Y. 11575. Tel: (516) FR9- WASHINGTON, D. C.: SWP and YSA, 7 46 9th St. N. W., Second Floor, GEORGIA: Atlanta: Militant Bookstore, 68 Peachtree St. N. E., Third 0289. Wash., D.C. 20001. Tel: (202)783-2363. Floor, Atlanta, Ga. 30303. SWP and YSA, P. 0. Box 846, Atlanta, Ga. New York City- City-wide SWP and YSA, 706 Broadway (4fh St.), WASHINGTON: Pullman: YSA, c/o Dean W. Johnson, 1718 A St., 30301. Tel: (404)523-0610. Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. 10003. Tel: (212)982-8214. Pullman, Wash. 99163. ILLINOIS: Carbondale: YSA, c/o Lawrence Roth/Mark Harris, 505 S. Lower Manhattan: SWP, YSA, and Merit Bookstore, 706 Broadway Seattle: SWP, YSA, and Militant Bookstore, 5257 University Way N. E., Graham, *341, Carbondale, Ill. 62901. (4th St.), Eighth Floor, New York, N.Y. 10003. Tel: SWP, YSA-(212) Seattle, Wash. 98105. Hrs. 11 a. m.-8 p.m., Mon.-Sat. Tel: (206) 523- Chicago: SWP, YSA, and bookstore, 180 N. Wacker Dr., Room 310, 982-6051; Merit Books-(212)982-5940. 2555. Chicago,' Ill. 60606. Tel: SWP-(312) 641-0147, YSA-(312) 641-0233. Upper West Side: SWP and YSA, 2744 Broadway (1 06th St.), New WISCONSIN: Madison: YSA, c/o James Levitt, 411 W. Gorham St., INDIANA: Bloomington: YSA, c/o Student Activities Desk, Indiana Uni· York, N.Y. 10025. Tel: (212) 663-3000. Madison, Wis. 53703. Tel: (608) 257-2835.

26 • Calendar BROOKLYN SISTERS IN STRUGGLE: A WEEKEND ON WOMEN'S LIBERATION. Fri., Dec. 15, 8 p.m.: The Family and Women's Liberation Today. Speakers: three feminist anthropolo· gists: Professor Eleanor Leacock, author of an intro· ··- duction to Engels's Origin ofthe Family, Private Prop­ erty and the State; Professor Ruby Leavitt, author of Women in Other Cultures; Evelyn Reed, author of Problems of Women's liberation. Donation: $1. Sat., Dec. 16, 11 a.m.: First Wave of .Feminism­ History of the SuHrage Movemen~ 2 p.m.: The Myth ASPECIAL HOLIDAY OFFER of the Black Matriarchy; 4:30 p.m.: Revolutionary and With a one-year subscription to The Militant for 9. THE LAST YEAR OF MALCOLM X Socialist Women- Three Profiles. Classes followed by $5 you can receive the book of your choice from The evolution of a revolutionary by George Breitman ($1.95). · dinner and party. 136 lawrence St. (near A&S). Do­ the following list of Pathfinder titles for only $1 ation: $2.SO (includes dinner) or SOc per session. 10. TOWARDS AN AMERICAN Sponsored by Brooklyn Socialist Workers Party and 1. DECLINE OF THE DOLLAR SOCIALIST REVOLUTION A strategy for the 1970s by Jack arnes, George Breitman, Brooklyn Young Socialist Alliance. For more informa­ A Marxist view of the monetary crisis by Ernest Mandel {Mo­ tion call (212)S96-2849. Derrick Morrison, Barry Sheppard, and Mary-Alice Waters nad Press; $1.75). {$1.95). LOS ANGELES 2. EMPIRICISM AND ITS EVOLUTION THE ROLE OF THE ALTERNATIVE PRESS. Speakers: by George Novack {$2.45). Michael letwin, Red Tide; Patty Parmalee, Guardian; Send gift subscription to: Harry Ring, Militant; Art Kunkin, l. A. Free Press. Fri., 3. FEMINISM AND SOCIALISM Dec. 15, 8:30 p.m. 1107 1/2 N. Western Ave., Se­ anthology edited with an introduction by Linda Jenness {$1.95). Name______cond Floor. Donation: $1. Sponsored by Militant la­ 4. LAND OR DEATH Address ______bour Forum. For more information call (213) 463-1917. The peasant struggle in Peru by Hugo Blanco, with an intro­ City ______State, ______._ipl ____ _ NEW YORK: LOWER MANHATIAN duction by Peter Camejo {$2.45). THE CASE OF POLITICAL PRISONER JOSE "CHE'' VE­ 5. LEON TROTSKY- THE MAN AND HIS WORK Send book# to: LAZQUEZ. Speaker: Jose "Che" Velazquez, member an anthology of reminiscences and appraisals {$2.45). of the Puerto Rican Socialist Party who has refused induction into U.S. armed forces. Fri., Dec. 15, 8 p.m. 6. MARXIST ESSAYS IN AMERICAN HISTORY Name ______anthology edited by Robert Himmel ($2.45). 706 Broadway (4th St.), Eighth Floor. Donation: $1, Address ______; ______h.s. students SOc. Sponsored by Militant labor Forum. 7. ORIGIN OF THE FAMILY, PRIVATE PROPERTY For more information call (212)982-S940. AND THE STATE City· ______State, ______Zip·----- by Frederick Engels, with an introduction by Evelyn Reed PHILADELPHIA THE CONTRIBUTIONS AND LIMITATIONS OF WILHELM {$2.25). 14 Charles Lane, New York, N.Y. 10014. REICH- Forum. Fri., Dec, 15, 8 p.m. 1004 Filbert St. 8. TEAMSTER REBELLION (one block north of Market). Sponsored by U of P by Farrell Dobbs {Monad Press; $2.25). (This offer is good until Decep1ber 31, 1972.) Young Socialist Alliance. For more information call (21S) WAS-4316.

If this is roar kind of newspaper, we're -4 JODr kind of bookstore. montha II f Marxist iournal 596-2849 3 months lor S1 ~ 1year lor $5

------( ) Enclosed is $1 for 3 months of the ISR. ( ) Send me 1 year of the ISR f?r $5. Name ______Address ______

City State Zip---- International Socialist Review, 14 Charles Lane, N. V., N.Y. 10014

Calendar and classified ad rates: 75 ( ) $2 for of and 3 months of the In- it going cents per line of 56-character-wide type­ wriHen copy. Display ad rates: $10 per ternationa1 Socialist Review_ column inch ($7.50 if camera-ready ad for one year of The Militant. ( ) S6 is enclosed). Payment must be included ( ) $1.50 for 6 months of The Militcmt for Gls_ sociQiist? with ads. The Militant is published each ( ) New ( ) Renewal. week on Friday. Deadlines for ad copy: NAME------Friday, one week preceding publication, ADDRESS------by Peter Came for classified and display ads; Wednes­ CITY ______STATE------ZIP______.._ day noon, two days preceding publica­ s Lane New York, N. Y_ 10014 60~ tion, for calendar ads. Telephone: (212) Pathfinder Press, 410 West 243-6392. St., New York, N.Y. 10014

THE MILITANT/ DECEMBER 15, 1972 27 THE MILITANT 5,000 workers strike Long Island RR By PAUL DAVIDSON Carmen and chief negotiator of the one reporting sick. firmed by Metropolitan Transporta­ NEW YORK, Dec. 4-At 12:01 a.m., 12-union conference committee of However, the action got results. The tion Authority Chairman Dr. William Thursday, Nov. 30, 5,000 members strikers, has made clear that the pri­ rate for trainmen finally agreed to Ronan. of 12 unions closed down the Long mary issue for the striking workers and approved by the Pay Board was In demanding an initial increase of Island Railroad. The unions represent is wage parity with the trainmen. $51.7 5 per day for flagmen and 36 percent, scaled down in negotia­ carmen, teamsters, clerks, electrical The UTU trainmen on the LIRR brakemen and $57.76 for conductors. tions to 28 percent, the unions in­ workers, sheet-metal workers, and oth­ were recently given a 36.5 percent volved turned down a presidential er "nonoperating employees," as well wage increase by the Pay Board in On the other hand, General Chair­ emergency board recommendation of as some supervisors. Washington, D. C., in exchange for man D' Avanzo has pointed out that a wage increase of 6 percent in each The picket lines of the strikers were "productivity" gains (giving up long­ the average wage of the nonoperating year of a two-year contr~ct, retro­ respected by the 1,500 trainmen of standing safety work rules). The in­ employees is about $4.80 an hour. active to Jan. 1. the United Transportation Union creases/for the trainmen of 9 percent, The rates range from $3.40 an hour The striking workers are- also dis­ ( UTU) and the members of the Broth­ 22 percent, and 5.5 percent come in for clerks up to $6.82 for assistant pleased with their current pension sys­ erhood of Locomotive Engineers. three successive years of a contract foremen. tem, since the L IRR is part of the (These unions represent "operating retroactive to Jan. 1, 1971. John Buccarella, a car repairman Metropolitan Transit Authority employees" such as engineers, firemen, who has worked for the LIRR for (MTA}, whose bus and subway work­ and switchmen.) This brought to a The fact that the trainmen surren­ more than 25 years, told reporters ers, while receiving comparable wages halt the normal weekday movement dered work rules for a higher wage that his base pay was $38 a day. for- similar work, have a better pen­ of 260,000 dally riders on 670 trains will now mean increased- work tem­ Out of this, he said, he paid $22 a sion system that is much less expen­ over the 326 route miles of track of pos, fewer jobs, and more safety haz­ week for retirement benefits. In ad­ sive to the workers. the LIRR. ards. But even to achieve this settle­ dition, there are taxes and other de­ The last strike called by any of ment the trainmen had to engage ductions. The news media and employers are tq.e dozen craft unions against the rail­ in a "sickouf' at the end of October to "With a large family like mine, how exploiting the inconvenience to the road was in 1922. The LIRR train­ .speed agreement between their union, do you expect us to live?" Buc.carella commuters and extolling the "produc­ men, however, organized in the UTU, the railroad, and the government Pay asked. tivity" aspect of the UTU settlement have struck several times in recent Board. That action was termed a wild­ D'Avanzo has noted that while strik­ Chief union negotiator D' Avanzo has years and had a major strike of 26 cat strike and Judge Mark Constan­ ing workers walked the picket line begun to talk of possible productivity days in 1960 that won a five-day tino, at the railroad's request, issued the railroad was receiving $50,000 concessions in exchange for a wage workweek. an order directing the men not to daily strike insurance benefits and settlement acceptable to the member­ Anthony D'Avanzo, general chair­ continue the job action. The LIRR saving $250,000 a day in operating ship of the 12-union coalition he rep­ man of the Brotherhood of Rail\\ray threatened to serve subpoenas to any- expenses. These figures were con- resents.

Detroit board puts off school shutdown By LEEARTZ ber of Black students at MacKenzie people control the educational facil­ men, bankers, and trade-union offi­ DETROIT, Dec. 5-In an attempt to High School formed the Student Ac­ ities in their community, the money cials to pressure the state legislature avoid closing city schools, the board tion Coalition, SAC, which also stands will continue to be spent against their into finding the needed funds. When of education held an emergency meet­ for "Schools Ain't Closing." SAC spon­ interests." a proposal to support the student dem­ ing here today. sored a picket line at the board meet­ Trudy Hawkins outlined the SAC onstration was made at an executive Under pressure from the public, the ing today. demands. "We demand no less than board meeting of the Teachers union, Michigan state legislature has assured The high school students then at­ 180 days of school. We demand that the leadership declined to take any the board that they would somehow tended the board meeting to hear Clar­ the city, county, and state govern­ action. provide the $80-million needed to keep ence Merriweather and Trudy Haw­ ments provide a larger share of their SAC has scheduled a news confer­ Detroit schools opened the full 180 kins, representatives of SAC, address budgets to schools in Detroit. We de­ ence for Dec. 7 to announce its plans days required by law. The state pro­ the board. mand adequate federal funding for for ·continuing the fight to keep the posal is to levy another city tax to Merriweather maintained that De­ a crash ·program to improve educa­ schools open. It also intends to picket pay for the schools. The board voted troit was "facing the same problems tion in Detroit's schools. And we call the federal building Dec. 11 during 8 to 3 to keep schools open until as every other Black community in for Black control of the schools in the court hearings on the school the money runs out in February, hop­ the country." He stated that "Avail­ the Black community." board's financial situation. Summing ing that the state government will able money on all levels is being mis­ up their feelings, one student said come through on its promise. spent on the Indochina war, oppo­ Instead of joining forces with the pointedly, "If we get enough brothers Since the beginning of the crisis there sition to African liberation, STRESS students, the Detroit Federation of and sisters in the streets, somebody is has been a growing movement of par­ [a special police unit], highways for Teachers, AFL-CIO, is relying on a going to find the money to keep the ents, teachers, and students. A num- suburban commuters, etc. Until Black "blue-ribbon" committee of business- schools open." Antiwar actions in Europe and Australia From Intercontinental Press us and we will win." in Marseilles, more than 1,000 in Rou­ During November, in the midst of Other speakers at the rally included en, 200 in Perpignan (where a del­ peace rumors and the continued pros­ L. Van Sinh, of the Democratic Re­ egation from the Spanish Communist ecution of the air war, demonstrations public of Vietnam, Dr. Ins0kan of party and a group of Americans took against U. S. aggression in Indochina the Royal United ·National Govern­ part), 800 in Bordeaux, and 200 took place in Europe and Australia. ment of Cambodia and the National in Dijon. Thousands of persons throughout United Front of Cambodia, Photsa­ In Glasgow, Scotland, on N ovem­ France participated on November 6 vang of the Union of Laotian Stu­ ber 18 about 600 people marched and 7 in activities called by the Front dents, Jean Lacouture, Laurent in the center of the city to express Solidarite Indochine (FSI- Indochina Schwartz, and Wilfred Burchett. Ma­ their opposition to the continuing U.S. Solidarity Front). The actions were deleine Reberioux, of the national of­ aggression in Indochina. The dem­ scheduled to coincide with the U.S. fice of the FSI, described the dangers onstration was organized by the Glas­ elections. facing hundreds of thousands of po­ gow Indochina Committee in response On· November 6, a rally sponsored litical prisoners in South Vietnam. to the call for international antiwar by the FSI at the Mutualite in Paris actions issued by the· U.S. National drew a cr.owd of nearly 3,000 persons. On the following day, about 7,000 Peace Action Coalition. Huynh Cong Tham, representing the persons marched through the streets In Australia, on November 18, Provisional Revolutionary Govern­ of Paris in a demonstration sponsored some 1,000 persons marched in Mel­ ment of South Vietnam, told the au­ by FSI, La Cause du Peuple, Revo­ bourne, 500 in Sydney, and 250 in dience, "Since its formation, the FSI lution!, and other organiza:tions. Canberra. Other actions occurred in has set itself the task of building ac­ In Rennes, about 600 persons de­ Adelaide and Brisbane. tive political and material support. fied a ban on demonstrations to pro­ On November 19, some 2000 per­ This activity has been invaluable en­ test the U.S. aggression. Despite po­ sons from all over Belgium defied couragemen~ for us. Through our lice harassment, the march went off a steady rain to march in a dem­ joint actions, we will bring about without clashes. c;mstration organized by the Front Uni peace. We know that you are with More than 1,000 persons marched National Indochine. Paris, Nov. 7. Rouge

28