Présence Et Expérience De La Pop Culture Dans Le

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Présence Et Expérience De La Pop Culture Dans Le UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À MONTRÉAL PRÉSENCE ET EXPÉRIENCE DE LA POP CUL TURE DANS LE THÉÂTRE CONTEMPORAIN NORD-AMÉRICAIN (1997-2013): LES CAS DE HOUSEILIGHTS (WOOSTER GROUP), DE SOS (BIG ART GROUP) ET DE . MOMMY(L'ACTIVITÉ) THÈSE PRÉSENTÉE COMME EXIGENCE PARTIELLE DU DOCTORAT EN ÉTUDES ET PRATIQUES DES ARTS PAR MAUDE BLANCHETTE-LAFRANCE DÉCEMBRE 2019 UNIVERSITÉ DU QUÉBEC À MONTRÉAL Service des bibliothèques Avertissement La diffusion de cette thèse se fait dans le respect des droits de son auteur, qui a signé le formulaire Autorisation de reproduire et de diffuser un travail de recherche de cycles supérieurs (SDU-522 – Rév.07-2011). Cette autorisation stipule que «conformément à l’article 11 du Règlement no 8 des études de cycles supérieurs, [l’auteur] concède à l’Université du Québec à Montréal une licence non exclusive d’utilisation et de publication de la totalité ou d’une partie importante de [son] travail de recherche pour des fins pédagogiques et non commerciales. Plus précisément, [l’auteur] autorise l’Université du Québec à Montréal à reproduire, diffuser, prêter, distribuer ou vendre des copies de [son] travail de recherche à des fins non commerciales sur quelque support que ce soit, y compris l’Internet. Cette licence et cette autorisation n’entraînent pas une renonciation de [la] part [de l’auteur] à [ses] droits moraux ni à [ses] droits de propriété intellectuelle. Sauf entente contraire, [l’auteur] conserve la liberté de diffuser et de commercialiser ou non ce travail dont [il] possède un exemplaire.» REMERCIEMENTS Je veux d'abord exprimer ma profonde gratitude envers mes directrices, Marie- Christine Lesage et Erin Hurley ,. pour leur accompagnement incroyablement généreux, rigoureux et enthousiaste. La confiance que vous m'avez témoignée à plusieurs reprises au cours du processus a des effets au-delà de cette thèse. Merci enfin pour les lectures attentives, ainsi que vos supports concrets et répétés tout au long du_processus. Merci aux artistes pour leur disponibilité et pour m'avoir donné accès à leur documentation. Merci à l'organisme Thèsez-vous et ses fondatrices. Les retraites et l'Espace ont fourni les conditions idéales pour mener la rédaction de cette thèse. Merci aux Fonds de recherche Société et Culture et au Conseil de recherches en sciences humaines dont cette thèse a reçu le soutien. Merci à Edward Ziter et à la Tisch School of the Arts pour m'avoir accueillie en leurs murs pour un séjour de recherche. Merci à Elsa et Anna pour les précieux moments partagés autour, sur et au-delà de la thèse. Vos esprits curieux et animés, ainsi que nos marches ont été déterminants dans cette aventure. Merci à Émilie pour l'écoute et les conseils bienveillants qui ont compté dans ce parcours. Merci à Léonie, Antonin, Catherine, Mélissa, Nietzsche, Éternel Retour et tous.tes les ami.e.s qui ont peuplé joyeusement ces années d'écriture. 111 Un merci éternel à mes parents pour le1:1r soutien invétéré. Merci à toute ma famille : Anne, Ro_salie, Gabrielle (merci pour les nombreux petits mots), puis à Alain et Suzanne pour les encouragements réguliers. Charles, l'horizome n'est pas assez vaste pour t'exprimer toute ma reconnaissance. Merci pour les mille attentions, les tapes dans le dos, pour toutes les si grandes p'tites choses, mais surtout pour les rires, les chansons, les danses et les animaux. Mirka Federer ne t'arrive pas à la cheville. À Charles TABLE DES MATIÈRES LISTE DES FIGURES ................................................................................................ ix LISTE DES SIGLES ................................................................................................... xi RÉSUMÉ .................................................................................................................... xii ABSTRACT............................................................................................................... xiv IN"TRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1 PARTIE I LES ÉTATS DE LA POP ......................................................................... 32 CHAPITRE I LA CULTURE POPULAIRE EN QUESTION ................................ 33 1.1 De quelle culture populaire parle-t-on? Complexité de la notion : Culture, Populaire, Culture populaire ....................................................................................... 34 1.2 Survol historique : les évolutions de la culture populaire ................................. 39 1.3 La pop culture aujourd'hui.. ............................................................................... 42 1.4 Culture de masse, culture populaire, industrie culturelles, pop culture : définition et terminologie choisies .............................................................................. 44 1.5 Entre le « grand Art » et la culture populaire, quel degré de séparation? ......... 49 1.6 Théoriser la culture populaire ou polémiquer sur elle ....................................... 59 1. 7 Expériences pop ou la logique hédoniste .......................................................... 66 1.8 Affect, pop culture et théâtre·······················.······················································69 CHAPITRE II THÉÂTRE ET POP CULTURE AU xx:e ET XXIe SIÈCLES : DE L'OPPOSITION À LA (CON)FUSION ..................................................................... 72 2.1 La culture populaire et le théâtre de création : un antagonisme de valeurs ....... 73 Vl 2.2 L'autonomisation du théâtre et la culture populaire comme borne de . démarcation ................................................................................................................. 76 2.3 Les conflits de valorisations .............................................................................. 81 2.4 L'art et la vie et la culture populaire ................................................................. 85 2.5 Les différentes attitudes du théâtre face à la pop culture .................................. 88 2.5.1 L'attitude stratégique .............................- .................................................. -88 2.5.2 L'attitude séparative ................................................................................ 90 2.5.3 L'attitude décomplexée ..................................................· ......................... 94 2.5.4 L'attitude syncrétiste ............................................................................. 104 PARTIE II LA POP EN SCÈNE ............................................................................. 108 CHAPITRE III LA SINGULARISATION DE LA CUL TURE POPULAIRE DANS _HOUSEILIGHTS DU WOOSTER GROUP ............................................................. 109 3.1 Positionnement esthétique du Wooster Group ................................................ 110 3.2 Dialectique pop et non pop .............................................................................. 112 3 .3 Paradoxes à l' œuvre ........................................................................................ 1·13 3.4 Le Wooster Group et la critique : entre déconstruction et avant-garde .. ,......... 115 3.5 Mise en procès de la représentation chez le Wooster Group .......................... 119 · 3.6 Dr. Faustus Lights the Lights .......................................................................... 121 3.7 L'espace neutre de House/Lights ..................................................................... 123 3.8 Procédés intermédiatiques de représentation de la culture populaire .............. 130 3.9 Le téléviseur comme fenêtre sur la culture populaire ..................................... 137 . 3.10 La culture populaire comme fond mythologique ............................................ 139 3.11 Olga's House ofShame ou le miroir déformant de Doctor Faustus Lights the Lights ........................................................................................................................ 148 CHAPITRE IV LE VRAI DU FAUX DE LA POP : LA SENSIBILITÉ TÉLÉVISUELLE DANS SOS DU BIG ART GROUP ............................................ 160 4.1 Troubles dans la pop : l'esthétique DIY du Big Art Group ............................. 162 4.2 La triade pop de SOS ....................................................................................... 169 4.3 La culture télévisuelle diffractée : captations/ actions/ diffusions ................ 176 4.4 . Exister par l'écran, exister avec l'écran ............................................................ 181 Vll 4.5 D'objet pop à sujet pop .................................................................................... 187 4.6 Le vrai du faux ...... ......................................................................................... 193 4. 7 L'illogisme du zapping ou la lutte pour la visibilité ....................................... 198 CHAPITRE V MOMMYDE L'ACTIVITÉ OU LA POPIFICATION DU PASSÉ ..... 206 5.1 Le théâtre d'Olivier Chainière et le procès du collectif................................... 208 5.2 Mammy comme personnage conceptuel .......................................................... 215 5.3 Expérience du show pop .................................................._ ....................... ........ 222 5.4 Le conte de Disney comme cadre d'énonciation ............................................. 225 5.5 La sampling comme organisateur du discours ................................................ 229 5.6 Propriété de la pop ..........................................................................................
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