REFEREED PROCEEDINGS OF THE 40th ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND REGIONAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL RMIT UNIVERSITY MELBOURNE 5-7 DECEMBER 2016 EDITED BY PAUL DALZIEL AERU, LINCOLN UNIVERSITY LINCOLN, NEW ZEALAND Published in Canterbury New Zealand by: Agribusiness and Economics Research Unit P.O. Box 85084 Lincoln 7647 NEW ZEALAND Email:
[email protected] Conference website: http://www.anzrsai.org ISBN: 978-0-473-38890-4 Copyright © ANZRSAI 2017 Individual chapters © the authors 2017 This publication is copyright. Other than for purposes of and subject to the conditions prescribed under the Copyright Act, no part of it may in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, microcopying, photocopying, recording or otherwise) be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted without prior written permission. Enquiries should be addressed to the publishers. ANZRSAI is pleased to acknowledge the conference sponsors. Lincoln University Page ii Preface The 40th Annual Conference of the Australian and New Zealand Regional Science Association International (ANZRSAI) was held at the RMIT University Melbourne from 5th to 7th December, 2016, co-hosted with the European Union Centre at RMIT and the RMIT Centre for People, Work and Organisation (with the RMIT Social Change Enabling Platform). A broad range of papers from academics, policy advisors and practitioners was presented to the conference. This publication contains the refereed proceedings of those contributed papers. Participants who submitted their full paper by the due date were eligible to be considered for these refereed proceedings. There were twelve papers submitted to a double blind refereeing process, all of which were accepted for this publication.