Epping Forest District Council
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2011 Air Quality Progress Report Epping Forest District Council In fulfillment of Part IV of the Environment Act 1995 Local Air Quality Management June, 2011 June, 2011 Epping Forest District Council - England Local Authority Officer: Fay Rushby Department: Environment & Street Scene Address: Epping Forest District Council Civic Offices High Street Epping CM16 4BZ Telephone: 01992 564496 e-mail: [email protected] Report Ref: WK/201171644 Date: June, 2011 As part of the: Essex Air Quality Consortium Monitoring Network. www.essexair.org.uk ii 2011 Progress Report June, 2011 Epping Forest District Council - England Executive Summary The purpose of this progress report is to provide an update on the review and assessment of air quality since the last updating and screening assessment, detailed assessment or progress report. New monitoring data has confirmed that there has been a slight improvement in nitrogen dioxide concentrations within the district; however concentrations have remained above the objective level at Bell Common, Epping at 66µg/m3. The No.2 AQMA at Bell Common remains relevant both in terms of its boundaries and pollutants exceeding the air quality objectives. Despite a slight drop in concentration from 2009 monitoring data, concentrations remain above 60µg/m3, carrying the risk that the 1-hour may be exceeded. The monitoring also identified that there is a noticeable reduction in nitrogen dioxide concentration with height of monitoring location, which is of particular importance for our receptors living above the shops in our high streets. The Ladbrokes, Epping monitoring location moved up in height from 2009 demonstrated this and resulted in the location ceasing to be an exceedence site. This is likely to mean that nitrogen dioxide concentrations at ground level monitoring locations are unlikely to be representative for receptors at first floor level, such as those in Epping High Street and Loughton high Road now that we know the increase in height does make a difference in terms of exposure concentration. For other location considered at potential risk of exceedence, monitoring confirmed that the air quality objective was being met at: n Beechfield Walk/Lodge Lane, Waltham Abbey. n Albion Terrace, Sewardstone. n Abbeyview Roundabout, Waltham Abbey. As a result of this progress report, Epping Forest District Council proposes the following actions: n Further an action plan in relation to the No.2 AQMA. n To continue with nitrogen dioxide monitoring at the current monitoring locations. n Increase the height of diffusion tubes to first floor level (where possible to reflect receptors at this level) now that the change in monitoring height has demonstrated an impact prior to the declaration of any further AQMAs. n Continue submitting reports to demonstrate our progress with the monitoring and assessment of air quality. 2011 Progress Report iii June, 2011 Epping Forest District Council - England Table of contents 1 Introduction 6 1.1 Description of Local Authority Area 6 1.2 Purpose of Progress Report 6 1.3 Air Quality Objectives 6 1.4 Summary of Previous Review and Assessments 8 2 New Monitoring Data 15 2.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken 15 2.2 Comparison of Monitoring Results with Air Quality Objectives 20 3 New Local Developments 28 3.1 Road Traffic Sources 28 3.2 Other Transport Sources 28 3.3 Industrial Sources 28 3.4 Commercial and Domestic Sources 29 3.5 New Developments with Fugitive or Uncontrolled Sources 29 4 Local / Regional Air Quality Strategy 30 5 Planning Applications 31 6 Air Quality Planning Policies 31 7 Local Transport Plans and Strategies 31 8 Climate Change Strategies 31 iv 2011 Progress Report June, 2011 Epping Forest District Council - England 9 Implementation of Action Plans 33 10 Conclusions and Proposed Actions 35 10.1 Conclusions from New Monitoring Data 35 10.2 Conclusions relating to New Local Developments 35 10.3 Other Conclusions 36 10.4 Proposed Actions 36 11 References 37 Appendices Appendix A Raw diffusion tuba data Appendix B QA:QC Diffusion tubes Appendix C Diffusion Tube Bias Adjustment Factor Appendix D Index to Register of LAPPC activities List of Tables Table 1 Air Quality Objectives included in Regulations for the purpose of Local Air Quality Management in England. Table 2 Details of Non- Automatic Monitoring Sites Table 3 Results of Nitrogen Dioxide Diffusion Tubes Table 4 Action Plan Progress List of Figures Figure 1 Epping No.1 AQMA Figure 2 Proposed Epping No.2 AQMA Figure 3 Epping No.2 AQMA Figure 4 Map of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites. Figure 5 National Diffusion Tube Bias Adjustment Factor Spreadsheet Figure 6 Mean NO2 Concentration with distance - Hainault Road/Manor Road, Chigwell. Figure 7 Mean NO2 Concentration with distance - 5a Goldings Hill, Loughton. Figure 8 Mean NO2 Concentration with distance - 2 Lodge Lane, Waltham Abbey. Figure 9 EssexAir Web Site. 2011 Progress Report v June, 2011 Epping Forest District Council - England 1 Introduction 1.1 Description of Local Authority Area Epping Forest District is an attractive, predominantly commuter area on the northeastern edge of London. The district has a population of around 121,000, of which nearly three quarters live in the suburban towns of Loughton, Buckhurst Hill, Chigwell, Epping and Waltham Abbey. The remaining quarter live in the surrounding rural areas including large villages such as Roydon, Nazeing, North Weald and Theydon Bois. The main source of air pollution in the borough is road traffic. There are two large motorways in the district; the M25 and the M11 however the air quality issues are located in the urban areas. 1.2 Purpose of Progress Report Progress Reports are required in the intervening years between the three-yearly Updating and Screening Assessment reports. Their purpose is to maintain continuity in the Local Air Quality Management process. If the Progress Report identifies the risk of exceedence of an Air Quality Objective, the Local Authority (LA) should undertake a Detailed Assessment immediately, and not wait until the next round of Review and Assessment. In practice, and because decisions are based on annual average data, detailed assessments tend to happen at the same time as Updating and Screening Assessments and Progress reports. 1.3 Air Quality Objectives The air quality objectives applicable to Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) in England are set out in the Air Quality (England) Regulations 2000 (SI 928), and the Air Quality (England) (Amendment) Regulations 2002 (SI 3043). They are shown in Table 1.1. This table shows the objectives in units of microgrammes per cubic metre mg/m3 (for carbon monoxide the units used are milligram’s per cubic metre, mg/m3). Table 1 includes the number of permitted exceedences in any given year (where applicable). 6 2011 Progress Report June, 2011 Epping Forest District Council - England Table 1: Air Quality Objectives included in Regulations for the purpose of Local Air Quality Management in England. Pollutant Concentration Measured as Date to be achieved by 3 Benzene 16.25 µg/m Running annual mean 31.12.2003 5.00 µg/m3 Running annual mean 31.12.2010 1,3-Butadiene 2.25 µg/m3 Running annual mean 31.12.2003 Carbon monoxide 10.0 mg/m3 Running 8-hour mean 31.12.2003 0.5 µg/m3 Annual mean 31.12.2004 Lead 0.25 µg/m3 Annual mean 31.12.2008 200 µg/m3 not to be exceeded more than 1-hour mean 31.12.2005 Nitrogen dioxide 18 times a year 40 µg/m3 Annual mean 31.12.2005 50 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 24-hour mean 31.12.2004 Particles (PM ) (gravimetric) 10 35 times a year 40 µg/m3 Annual mean 31.12.2004 350 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 1-hour mean 31.12.2004 24 times a year 3 Sulphur dioxide 125 µg/m , not to be exceeded more than 24-hour mean 31.12.2004 3 times a year 266 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more than 15-minute mean 31.12.2005 35 times a year 2011 Progress Report 7 June, 2011 Epping Forest District Council - England 1.4 Summary of Previous Review and Assessments 1998 - 2000 Between 1998 and 2000, Epping Forest District Council undertook its first round review and assessment of air quality. The first round assessments (Stages 1, 2 and 3) concluded that it was not necessary to declare any AQMAs for any pollutant. 2000 - 2003 The first phase of the second round of review and assessment, the USA, was completed in September 2003 and this provided an update with respect to air quality issues within Epping Forest District Council. The USA concluded that a detailed assessment was required for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) due to road traffic emissions from the M25 (West of the M11), High Street (Epping), Hainault Road (Chigwell), Church Hill (Loughton) and A121 Link Road (Waltham Abbey). 2004 - 2005 The Detailed Assessment 2004 concluded that the NO2 objectives would be met and that the declaration of an AQMA was not warranted. 2005 - 2006 The Progress Report (PR) for 2005 considered monitoring data for 2004, and the conclusions of the PR were that there were no exceedences which warranted a detailed assessment. 2006 - 2007 The 2006 USA reconsidered the seven health based AQS objectives and concluded that there was a possible risk of exceedence of the NO2 objective. It was noted that the Council should relocate the diffusion tubes closer to the receptor facades at those sites nearing exceedence and undertake dispersion modelling to identify the extent of any potential AQMA. 8 2011 Progress Report June, 2011 Epping Forest District Council - England 2007 - 2008 Dispersion modelling undertaken in 2007 as part of a detailed assessment of air quality identified a likely exceedence of the annual nitrogen dioxide objective at 37-49 Epping High Street.