SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY Entrusted by Revenue (B) Department, Govt

SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY Entrusted by Revenue (B) Department, Govt. of Kerala for District Administration Thrissur FINAL REPORT

LAND ACQUISITION FOR DEVELOPING OF WATER SUPPLY ARRANGEMENT FOR PUTHUR ZOOLOGICAL PARK, THRISSUR DISTRICT 18 January 2020

Requiring Body SIA Unit

Rajagiri outREACH

Divisional forest officer, Thrissur Kerala Rajagiri College of Social Sciences Department of Forest and Wild Life Rajagiri P O, Kalamassery Pin: 683104 For the project, Phone no: 0484 2911330-32, 2550785 [email protected] www.rajagirioutreach.in

Thrissur Zoological Park, Puthur Ph : 0487 2353455

CONTENTS

CHAPTER 1 - EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.1 Project and public purpose 1.2 Location 1.3 Size and attributes of land acquisition 1.4 Alternatives considered 1.5 Social impacts 1.6 Mitigation measures

CHAPTER 2 - DETAILED PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 Background of the project, including developers background and governance/ management structure 2.2 Rationale for project including how the project fits the public purpose criteria listed in the Act 2.3 Details of project size, location, capacity, outputs, production targets, costs and risks 2.4 Examination of alternatives 2.5 Phases of the project construction 2.6 Core design features and size and type of facilities 2.7 Need for ancillary infrastructural facilities 2.8 Work force requirements (temporary and permanent) 2.9 Details of social impact assessment/ environment impact assessment if already conducted and any technical feasibility reports 2.10 Applicable legislations and policies

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 2 Park, Thrissur District

CHAPTER 3 TEAM COMPOSITION, APPROACH METHODOLOGY AND SCHEDULE OF THE SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT

3.1 List of all team members with qualification 3.2 Description and rationale for the methodology and tools used to collect information for the social impact assessment 3.3 Sampling methodology used 3.4 Overview of information/ data sources used 3.5 Schedule of consultations with key stakeholders and brief description of public hearings conducted

CHAPTER 4 - LAND ASSESSMENT

4.1 Land Description with the help of Maps, Information from Land Inventories and Primary Sources. 4.2 Entire area of impact under the influence of the project (not limited to land area for acquisition) 4.3 Total land requirement for the project 4.4 Present use of any public, utilized land in the vicinity of the project area 4.5 Land (if any) already purchased, alienated, leased or acquired, and the intended use for each plot of land required for the project 4.6 Quantity and location of land proposed to be acquired for the project 4.7 Nature, present use and classification of land and if agriculture land, irrigation coverage and cropping patterns

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 3 Park, Thrissur District

4.8 Size of holdings, ownership patterns, land distributions and number of residential houses 4.9 Land prices and recent changes in ownership, transfer and use of lands over the last three years CHAPTER 5 - ESTIMATION AND ENUMERATION OF AFFECTED FAMILIES AND ASSETS

5.1 Estimation of families 5.1.1 Families which are directly affected (own land that is proposed to be acquired) 5.2 Family of scheduled tribes and other traditional forest dwellers who have lost any of their forest rights 5.3 Families which depend on common property resources which will be affected due to acquisition of land of their livelihood 5.4 Families which have been assigned land by the State Government or the Central Government under any of its schemes and such land is under acquisition 5.5 Families which have been residing on any land in the urban areas for proceeding three years or more prior to the acquisition of the land 5.6 Families which have depended on the land being acquired as a primary source of livelihood for three years prior to the acquisition 5.6.1 Families which are indirectly impacted by the project (not affected directly by the acquisition of own lands) 5.6.2 Inventory of productive assets and significant lands.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 4 Park, Thrissur District

CHAPTER 6 –SOCIAL ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL PROFILE

6.1 Demographic details of the population in the project area 6.2 Income and poverty level 6.3 Vulnerable groups 6.4 Land use and livelihood 6.5 Local economic activities 6.6 Factors that contribute to local livelihoods 6.7 Kinship patterns and social and cultural organization 6.8 Administrative organization & Political organization 6.9 Community based and civil society organizations 6.10 Regional dynamics and historical change processes 6.11 Quality of the living environment

CHAPTER 7 - SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT

7.1 Approaches to mitigation 7.2 Measures to avoid mitigate and compensate impact 7.3 Measures that are included in terms of Rehabilitation and Resettlement and Compensation as outlined in the Act 7.4 Measures that the Requiring Body has stated it will introduce in the project proposal 7.5 Alterations to project design and additional measures that may be required to address the extend and intensity of impacts across various groups as identified during SIA 7.6 Detailed Mitigation Plan including detailed activities to be carried out for each mitigation strategy, timelines for each mitigation strategy

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 5 Park, Thrissur District

7.7 The Social Impact Management Plan that the Requiring Body has committed to undertake and those that have been proposed, but not committed to be undertaken by the Requiring Body

CHAPTER 8 –SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

8.1 Description of institutional structures and key person responsible for each mitigation measures

8.2 Specify role of Non Governmental Organizations etc, if involved 8.3 Indicate capacities required and capacity building plan, including technical assistance if any 8.4 Timelines for each activity

CHAPTER 9 - SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN BUDGET AND FINANCING OF MITIGATION PLAN 9.1 Costs of all resettlement and rehabilitation costs 9.2 Annual budget and plan of action 9.3 Funding sources with break up

CHAPTER 10 - SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN MONITORING AND EVALUATION 10.1 Key monitoring and evaluative indicators 10.2. Reporting mechanisms and monitoring roles 10.3. Plan for independent evaluation

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 6 Park, Thrissur District

CHAPTER 11 - ANALYSIS OF COSTS AND BENEFITS AND RECOMMENDATION ON ACQUISITION

11.1 The above analysis will use the equity principle as a framework of analysis for presenting a final recommendation on whether the acquisition should go through or not.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 7 Park, Thrissur District

LIST OF TABLES

SI. No CONTENT Table 1.3.1. Extent of Land Acquisition Table 1.5.1. Analysis of various possible social impacts of the project Table 2.1.1 Details of water demand Table 3.3.1. Details of the Study Team Table 3.5.1 Public Hearing concerns and response Table 4.2.1 Possible impact of the land owners Table 5.1.1. List of Land Owners Table 5.6.2.1 Details of the assets affected Table 6.1.1 Age Group and Gender Table 6.1.2 Religious Group Table 7.6.1 Mitigation plan

LIST OF FIGURES

SI. No CONTENT Figure 6.1.1 Social group Figure 6.1.2 Family pattern Figure 6.2.1 Family monthly income Figure 6.4 Land use

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 8 Park, Thrissur District

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

KIIFB Kerala Infrastructure Investment Fund Board KWA Kerala Water Authority RFCTLAR&R Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act SIA Social Impact Assessment SIMP Social Impact management Plan CAPEX Capital Expenditure

CGWB Central Ground Water Board

CPHEEO Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering

Organization

CZA Central Zoo Authority

DI Ductile Iron

DPR Detailed Project Report

LPD Litre per Day

LPCD Litre per capita per day

LVL Level

MLD Million Litre per day

MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forest

OPEX Operating Expenditure

STP Sewage Treatment Plant

WTP Water Treatment Plan

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 9 Park, Thrissur District

CHAPTER 1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.1. Project and Public Purpose Thrissur is a well-known city of Kerala and it is considered as the cultural capital and also famous for festivals and Thrissur Pooram. The Government of Kerala intends to establish a Zoological Park Wildlife Conservation and Research Centre at Puthur, 10 km away from Thrissur town. The underlying objective was to relocate the existing State Museum and Zoo to a spacious site at Puthur Grama Panchayath in Thrissur District which is currently functioning in a congested 5.6 hectares of land located in the heart of Thrissur township. The project is aimed at providing naturally simulated living facilities, comprehensive healthcare facilities for animals and birds currently anguishing in age old congested cages. It is proposed to design and setup the Zoological Park with immersion animal enclosures, animal healthcare facilities, wildlife education, research and conservation facilities and visitor facilities using the most state-of-the-art technology.

Thrissur Zoo or State Museum & zoo, Thrissur formerly, Thrissur zoo is a 13.5 acre (5.6 hectares) zoo that opened in 1885 in a small area called Chembukavu, in the heart of Thrissur city, Kerala, India. It is one of the oldest zoo in the country, and is a home to a wide variety of animals, reptiles, and birds. The zoo compound includes a natural history museum and an art museum that showcase the social and cultural heritage of the region. Wildlife at the Thrissur zoo includes Tigers, Lions, Deers, Monkeys, Hippopotamus,

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 10 Park, Thrissur District

Cobras, Kraits, Vipers, Rat Snakes, Pink Flamingos and Mithun of the North- Eastern Hills. There is also a special building which houses snakes. Due to less infrastructure facilities of the zoo, a new home for the zoo is being constructed in nearby Puthur, and will expand the size of the zoo from its current 13.5 acre (5.6 hectares) to 336 acres. The existing zoo is not sufficient to shelter the animals. Thereby the management of the new zoo will be handed over to Department of Forest and Wildlife Kerala.

Puthur is one of the village in Ollukkara block in Thrissur District. It is located 10 km towards east from district head quarters Thrissur and 5 km from Ollukkara. The upcoming Thrissur Zoological Park Wildlife Conversation & Research Centre is planning to be constructed at Puthur in Trissur District. The new zoo will be close to Peechi dam, Kerala forest Research Institute (KFRI), Kerala Agricultural University, College of Forestry, and College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. When the project complete it will be a great attraction not only to Puthur village, but to Thrissur district and Kerala. It will provide better transportation facilities, availability of goods and services, employment opportunities, increase the market value of the surrounding lands, and it promotes better standard of living to the society. This may cause business and tourism development at Puthur and lead to overall development of the area.

As per the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 Section 2 the project can be considered as a public purpose.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 11 Park, Thrissur District

1.2. Location Puthur proposed site is located 10 K M away from Thrissur town. The project is being planned in 4.6854 hectors of land in ward no. 3 and 14 of Puthur Grama Panchaayth in Puthur and Kainoor village in Ollukkara block of Trissur District. The land to be acquired for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological Park. 1.3. Size and Attributes of Land Acquisition

4.6854 hectors of land from survey numbers 252/1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 268/pt, 555/1, 244/1, 244/2, (Kainoor village) and 852/1,2,4,5 and 1102/pt, 1103/pt, 1104/pt, 311/pt and 819/pt, 1095/1, 1095/2, 1096/pt, 1097, 1098/1 (Puthur village) is proposed to be acquired for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological Park. The proposed land belongs to Chira Varambu, Puramboke, Purayidam, Tharisu and Nilam as per the revenue records. Table 1.3.1 Extent of Land Acquisition

Sl. Village Survey No/ Description Approximate No. Extent of Subdivision No acquisition in Hectors 1 252/1,2,3,4,5,11,13,14,15 Chira Varambu, 2.5870 ,16,17,18,19,20,268/pt Kainoor Puramboke, Purayidam 2 555/1, 244/1, 244/2 Tharisu, Nilam 1.9813 3 Puthur 852/1,2,4,5 Puramboke, 0.2630 Purayidam 4 1102/pt,1103/pt,1104/pt Tharisu 0.0794

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 12 Park, Thrissur District

5 311/pt Nilam 0.5600

6 819/pt, 1095/1, 1095/2, Tharisu, 0.3548 1096/pt,1097,1098/1 Puramboke

Total 4.6854

1.4 Alternatives considered As per the information available from the requiring body, the project is in close proximity to the Manali River and the quarry pond and there is no need to consider other alternatives. It is necessary to develop few open wells and rain water harvesting structures within the boundary at appropriate location as a supplementary source. It is recommended to acquire the abandoned quarry pond located at 300 meters in western part of Zoo area to store the large volume of water. Since the proposed land is closely attached to the project area, no other alternatives shall be considered for the project area.

1.5 Social Impacts The proposed land for acquisition is under the ownership of 10 families. 10 families are therefore under the direct impact of land acquisition. The social impact assessment of the land acquisition in general is furnished in Table

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 13 Park, Thrissur District

Table 1.5.1 Analysis of various possible social impacts of the project

Sl.No. Type of Impact Status 1. Loss of Land Land in 32 survey numbers owned by 10 families 2 Loss of Built up property Sacred Groves 3 Displacement No 4. Loss of Livelihood No 5 Loss of Trees Coconut Trees : 7 Teak : 12 Cashew nut tree : 9 Rubber : 32 Cotton Tree : 1 Plantain : 20 Banyan Tree : 1 Others : 7 6. Loss of Government Land included in the government property property (puramboke) used for acquisition. 7 Loss of Public property No

Note: The above data is arrived as per the information provided by the respondents during the Survey. Supporting documents need to be verified during Land acquisition.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 14 Park, Thrissur District

1.6 Mitigation Measures

 Compensation as per the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act 2013 and Kerala Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Rules 2015.

 Resettlement procedures as per the Policies vide G.O.(Ms)No.485/ 2015/RD dated 23/09/2015 and G.O.(MS)No.448/2017/RD dated 29/12/2017 issued by Revenue(B) Department, Government of Kerala for the rehabilitation and resettlement package for acquisition of land in the state in lieu of RFCTLAR&R Act 2013

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 15 Park, Thrissur District

CHAPTER 2 DETAILED PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1. Background of the project, including developer’s background and governance/ management structure

The establishment of Zoological Park at Puthur in Thrissur district for re- locating the animals presently housed in the state museum and zoo at Thrissur town. Construction works for the Zoological Park, Wild Life Conservation and Research Centre at Puthur have started in 2015 utilizing State Plan fund under the budget head 2406-02-110-48. The proposal implemented in two phases. The project cost was estimated as Rs. 150 crores initially which was later revised to Rs.360 crores.

It is proposed to design and setup the Zoological Park with immersion animal enclosures, animal healthcare facilities, wildlife education, research and conservation facilities and visitor facilities using the most state-of-the-art technology. Accordingly, a Master Plan has been prepared by the Forest Department through international inputs received from Mr. Jon Coe (in association with Idea Design Consortium), an expert in designing of Zoological Parks and the said Master Plan has been approved by the Central Zoo Authority, Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF), New Delhi vide their letter F. No. 19-113/92-CZA (140) (Vol.I)/2235 dated, 20-2-2013.The Kerala Forest Department has appointed M/s. Wadia Techno-Engineering Services Limited (WTESL) for preparation of Detailed Project Report (DPR) including detailed designing and detailed cost estimates for implementation of

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 16 Park, Thrissur District

Master Plan for setting up of Water Supply Scheme for Zoological Park at Puthur Under GO (Rt) No. 290 / 2015 / F&WLD dated 29.06.2015.

Water is the essential/critical element for upkeep and display of Zoo animals and maintenance of Zoo garden. The 4 quarries are therefore needed to be acquired for the purpose of developing water supply facilities for Thrissur Zoological Park. The proposed land acquisition also included construction of a road for transportation to the quarry and also construction of a compound wall around the quarry for protect the water resource from unauthorized access. The forest department also plans to build a pump house near the quarries for pumping the water.

The water demand for the Zoological Park can be categorized as,

A. Water demand for upkeep and Health Care of Zoo Animals B. Water demand for Zoo - Visitor’s Facility C. Water demand for Zoo – Staff Facility D. Water demand for upkeep of Zoo Garden

As per the recognition of Zoo Rules, 2009 by the Central Zoo Authority (CZA) of India, the proposed Zoological Park can be classified as larger Zoo. The water for upkeep of Zoo animal has been considered for the purpose of animals and their drinking water consumption, animals and birds ponds and Kraal cleaning. For arriving at the Water Demand, the number of animals has been proposed based on the Animal Collection Plan whereas the per capita consumption has been derived based on the provision laid under Chapter 1, Code of Federal Regulations, USEPA 1995.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 17 Park, Thrissur District

As the provisions of Federal Regulations, the per capita water consumption is derived using the following algometric equation with respect to the animal’s average weight (only for Mammals .For reptiles, the values are assumed)

Drinking Rate = 0.099 x (W)^0.9 Where W - animal weight in Kilograms

Table below states the details of the water demand for upkeep of zoo animals and the assumptions made for arriving at the demand.

Table 2.1.1 Details of Water Demand

S. Description Assumption Water No Demand Animal No of Average Water Litter per Species Animals Weight Consumption Day proposed (Kg) (LPCD) (Based on the Collection Plan) (A) Exhibit animals and their drinking water consumption 1 Spotted Deer 20 50 3.35 67 2 Hog Deer 20 50 3.35 67 3 Sambar Deer 20 250 14.25 285 4 Nilgiri Tahr 9 70 4.53 41 5 Black buck 9 40 2.74 25 6 Nilgai 6 200 11.66 70 7 Indian Gaur 4 800 40.59 162 8 Bear 6 130 7.91 47

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9 Leopard 4 60 3.94 16 10 Tiger 4 325 18.04 72 11 Asiatic Lion 5 170 10.07 50 12 Cheetah 4 50 3.35 13 13 Dhole 5 18 1.33 7 14 Hyaena 5 67 4.36 22 15 Jackal 8 10 0.79 6 16 Hippopotamus 3 1500 71.47 214 17 Zebra 3 320 17.79 53 18 Giraffe 3 1200 58.47 175 19 Eland 4 550 28.97 116 20 Monkeys 33 30 2.11 70 21 Porcupine 6 10 0.79 5 22 Cats 5 7 0.57 3 23 Crocodile 8 400 20 174 24 Tortoise 13 7 0.50 7 Sub – Total 207 1768 (A)

Add 25% towards water required to cater to Snakes, 2652 birds and 25% for future expansion

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 19 Park, Thrissur District

The above mentioned table shows the quantity of water required for each animal and from the table we could understand the importance of this project and the demand of water supply for the zoological park. 2.2. Rationale for project including how the project fits the public purpose criteria listed in the Act

The underlying objective was to relocate the existing State Museum and Zoo which is currently functioning in a congested 5.6 hectare of land located in the heart of Thrissur Township to an alternate spacious site at Puthur. The project is aimed at providing naturally simulated living facilities, comprehensive healthcare facilities for animals and birds currently anguishing in age old congested cages.

Water is the essential/critical element for upkeep and display of Zoo animals, upkeep and maintenance of zoo garden as well as for the basic need of visitors. The Following deals with various aspects of water supply for the proposed project including,

. Assessment of Water demand . Identification of Source . Assessment of Raw water Quality . Conveyance of Raw water from Source to Project Site

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 20 Park, Thrissur District

. Raw water storage facilities and Treatment . Storage of treated domestic and drinking water . Water distribution network for human settlement and animal exhibits

Proposed Thrissur Zoological Park

The objective of the acquisition of land is to provide Sustainable water supply and drainage plan so as to provide 24x7 water supply and hygienic environment to the proposed Zoological Park.

As per the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 Section 2 the project can be considered as a public purpose.

2.3. Details of Project - size, Location, Production Targets, Cost and Risks 4.6854 hectors of land from survey numbers 252/1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 268/pt, 555/1, 244/1, 244/2 (Kainoor village) and 852/1,2,4,5 and 1102/pt, 1103/pt, 1104/pt, 311/pt and 819/pt, 1095/1, 1095/2,

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 21 Park, Thrissur District

1096/pt, 1097, 1098/1 (Puthur village) is proposed to be acquired for the arrangement of developing water supply for Puthur Zoological Park, Puthur. The proposed land belongs to Chira Varambu, Puramboke, Purayidam, Tharisu and Nilam as per the revenue records. Cost: Construction works for the Zoological Park have started in 2015 utilizing state plan fund under the budget head 2406-02-110-48 Zoological Park, Wildlife Conservation and Research Centre, Puthur. The proposal was to establish the zoo in two phases. The project cost was estimated as Rs. 150 crores initially which was later revised to Rs.360 crores. Thrissur zoological park has accorded sanction on 09/05/2016 for transfer for an amount of Rs.72, 51,015/- to the District collector, Thrissur for acquisition of private lands for establishment of Zoological Park at Puthur.

2.4. Examination of Alternatives As per the information available from the requiring body, the project is in close proximity to the Manali River and the quarry pond and there is no need to consider other alternatives. It is necessary to develop few open wells and rain water harvesting structures within the boundary at appropriate location as a supplementary source. It is recommended to acquire the abandoned quarry pond located at 300 meters in western part of Zoo area to store the large volume of water. Since the proposed land is closely attached to the project area, no other alternatives shall be considered for the project area.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 22 Park, Thrissur District

2.5. Phases of the Project Construction The main project construction commenced in the financial year 2018-19 and is expected to complete by 2020-21. The duration of project is 24 months.

2.6. Core design Features and Size and Type of Facilities: All significant parameters taken into account and considered the fluctuation of parameter in raw water from proposed rain water harvesting structures, the state-of-art treatment technology is proposed. This system will act as single point solution at any level of raw water quality parameter.

Stage I – Aeration (It is found that the iron content in Manali River water is exceeds the allowable limit of 0.3 mg/litters. The water is pumped from the sources further down stream by cascade aeration to oxidize the iron before it enters into collection tank.)

Stage II – Raw water Collection (The aerated water then passes to raw water tank of capacity of 5,00,000 /litters)

Stage III- Preliminary treatment (Tube settler removes suspended solids by sedimentation & settling by addition of suitable coagulant cum flocculent chemicals, The chlorine concentration is measured in both the chlorination and de-chlorination stages)

Stage IV- Tertiary Treatment (Water for drinking application is further treated for Ultra violate treatment plant (UV) by Gravity (Treatment flow is 10,000 Lt/Hr) for disinfection, Outlet piping from UV shall be connected to all drinking water storage tank). Internal water supply distribution system for the Zoo area is based on gravity supply as tanks proposed at higher elevation

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 23 Park, Thrissur District

2.7. Need for Ancillary Infrastructural Facilities It is proposed to have two independent systems for utilities and drinking application. Water distribution system for utilities include demand towards visitors toilets, zoo management staff facilities, exhibit animals and their water consumption, aquatic display and animal wash down/kraal cleaning. The water distribution system for drinking demand towards zoo hospital, Zoo quarters and Zoo visitors drinking points. And also should maintain systems for waste water collection, treatment and disposal system.

2.8. Work Force Requirements: The work force equipped with modern machineries and planned man power in various range in terms of skilled, semi- skilled and un-skilled labours. Work should be allotted through open e-tender. An agreement should be executed after analyzing the bids received from the competitive tenders and considering the lowest successful bidder.

2.9. Details of social impact assessment/ environment impact assessment if already conducted and any technical feasibility reports Conducted Site surveys/investigations and assessing the ground realities are pre-requisites for carrying out infrastructure planning for the project. The following surveys have been conducted as part of the project:

. Topographical and alignment Survey of the road from Manali River to the project site . Geophysical field survey to assess the ground water potential . Hydrographic Survey to assess the volume of acquired quarry ponds

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 24 Park, Thrissur District

. Water quality monitoring on river Manali and proposed quarry pond

2.10 Applicable Legislations and Policies The applicable laws on compensation, rehabilitation and resettlement for the land acquisition for the development of water supply for the Puthur zoological park project are;  The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013.  Kerala Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Rules 2015.  Government of Kerala – Revenue (B) Department -State Policy for Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition vide G.O (Ms) NO.485/2015/RD dated 23/09/2015.  Government of Kerala – Revenue (B) Department -State Policy for Rehabilitation and Resettlement Package for Land Acquisition in the State in lieu of RFCTLARR Act 2013 vide GO(MS)No.448/2017/RD dated 29/12/2017.  Right to Information Act, 2005

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 25 Park, Thrissur District

CHAPTER 3

TEAM COMPOSITION, STUDY APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY As per the Notification of Revenue (B) department No, G.O.(P) NO.43/2019/RD Dated 22nd July 2019 and published in Kerala Gazette No.1688 dated 25th July 2019, Rajagiri outREACH, Rajagiri College of Social Science, Kalamassery has entrusted to study the Social Impact Assessment of the land acquisition for the development of water supply facility for the Puthur Zoological Park, Thrissur.

The objective of Social Impact Assessment (SIA) is to enumerate affected land and structures, affected families and persons, to identify social impacts, and to prepare Social Impact Management Plan (SIMP). In order to capture data for the present exercise, both primary as well as secondary sources were systematically tapped. As a part of SIA, census socio-economic survey has been conducted by experienced members of SIA Unit in the project affected families to list out the favorable and adverse impacts of the project.

3.1. List of all Team Members with Qualifications:

The study team headed by the Project Director of Rajagiri outREACH who is the Chairperson of SIA Unit. A team of 7 members having experience in conducting Social Impact Assessment Study and Socio-economic Surveys were assigned for field level data collection, monitoring of data collection and co-ordination of the study. Representatives from Revenue Department

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supported the investigators to identify the affected families. Details of the study team are given in the table 3.1.1.

Table .3.1.1 SIA Team Members

Sl.No Name Qualification&Designation Experience

1 Dr.Binoy Joseph MA(HRM), LLB, Ph.D. 23 years in Consultant teaching, research and training 2 Meena Kuruvilla MSW 31 years in Chairperson development sector 3 Biju C.P BA – Development Officer 24 years in development sector 4 Maria Tency.V.S MA, DSS, 27years in Research Associate – SIA development Unit sector 5 Divya P.G MA, 10 years in Research Associate – SIA development Unit sector 6 Salini Sasikumar MSW, M.COM 1 year in Research Associate development sector 7 Jaisy K M MSW, 1 year in Research Associate development sector

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3.2. Description and Rationale for the Methodology and Tools Used to collect Information for the Social Impact Assessment: Before preparing the draft SIA study report the study team acquired maximum information about the project with the support of requiring body. The team visited the affected area and studied the socio-economic background of the affected families. Various impacts of land acquisition were assessed in detail. The primary data was collected from the affected families through a census model socio-economic survey for which a pretested questionnaire was used. Legal framework for land acquisition and compensation as per RFCTLAR&R Act 2013 were also studied. Various steps taken for the study are as follows:  Study of relevant documents, reports and project alignment drawing.  Site visits and information dissemination about the project  Socio-economic survey and enumeration of affected properties  Analysis of socio-economic survey data

3.3. Sampling Methodology Used: The impact of each family is different and as the Social Impact Assessment Study requires the data of the entire affected family and the individual and no affected person can be left behind Therefore no sampling methods are used instead all the affected individuals are taken into consideration during the survey. 3.4. Overview of Information/Data Sources Used: The primary data were collected through the face to face interview by visiting the all affected families. A pretested questionnaire was used for the face to face interview with the affected people. The questionnaire included both the

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 28 Park, Thrissur District

closed and the open ended questions. Their basic demographic details, the after effects of land acquisition, etc. were collected through the house visit. The secondary information was collected from the requiring body and the office of Special Thahasildar (LA). RFCT LAR&R Act, 2013 and the Policy and Rule framed by the State Government in lieu of the Act also were referred.

3.5. Schedule of Consultations with Key Stakeholders:  Data collection from DY. Collector (LA) office : 25th July 2019  Visit to the Project Area : 1th August 2019 & 3rd august2019  Survey in Project Affected families : 2nd &3rd august 2019  Data collection from forest office : 3rd august  Public hearing : 18th October 2019  Final report submission : 18th January 2020

Public Hearing: As per Form 5 of Rule 14(1) of the Kerala Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition and Resettlement Rules 2015, A public /community consultation (Public Hearing) was held on 18th October 2019 at 3.30 PM at Puthur Panchayath Hall. Ms. Mini Unnikrishnan, Panchayth President (Puthur Grama Panchaytah) presided over the public hearing. She opined that the project will bring development to the region and it should be implemented without delay by mitigating the anxieties of the affected people and by providing reasonable compensation and package. Ms. Deepa K S, IFS, Deputy Conservator of Special Forest officer, Ms. T Breeja Kumari, Special Tahasildar, Mr. K S Lalu, L A General, Mr. Saju S, Revanue Inspector, Mr.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 29 Park, Thrissur District

Rajan K S, Section forest officer, Mr. K K Ajith Kumar, Beat forest officer, Mr. Mathew T S, Range forest officer, Mr. Shaju K, Clerk of Special Thahasildar, Ms. Jameena P K, Secretary of Puthur Grama Panchayath and Mr. Ramesh, Member of 3rd ward and affected family members were also participated in the public hearing. SIA Chairperson Ms. Meena Kuruvila, Rajagiri outREACH was chaired the meeting. After a brief presentation of the SIA draft report, the concerns and enquiries raised by the affected persons were clarified by the Special Tahasildar L A, Thrissur, and the Deputy Conservator of Special Forest officer and the session was documented with the help of Audio-Visual tools. Subsequently, the transcript of the concerns raised by the affected persons in writing have sent to the Requiring Body through formal channel and the latter was reciprocated with the written reply to the concerns and inquiries. The below table (Table 3.5.1) exhibits the concerns and clarifications.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 30 Park, Thrissur District

Land acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological Park, Thrissur District Date: 18/10/2019 Venue: Puthur Grama Panchayath Hall The queries/anxieties shared by the people participated in the Public Hearing and the reply from the officers from LA Office and Requiring body are mentioning in the table below:

Table 3.5.1 Public Hearing concerns and response

Name Resurvey/Sub Concerns/Needs Responses from the Concerned Division No. Authorities Andrews K J 268/pt 1. There is no clarity on the survey 1. Survey Nos. was notified in the number and the corresponding land Government Order dated 04-04-2019. to be acquired

2. Would like to understand the need 2. The need to acquire land around quarry in of constructing new road since there 6 meter width is to keep a safe distance is already a panchayat road exist and to protect by constructing a compound wall. This shall also facilitates an easy

entrance to the quarry. 3. While acquiring land with the 3. Extent and border of land owned by each present alignment, a small plot will affected person is not known explicitly be left and isolated. Request and the alignment stones are placed only authorities to acquire the same as for the land required for Zoological Park. well As per the information from the Revenue authorities, if the extent of land left over is small and adjacent to the acquiring land, affected persons may appeal to acquire the same. 4. There was no notice and prior 4. Except Mr.Johny Chirayath, all the land information to the affected persons owners were informed about their land to about the land acquisition and the be acquired and survey to be undertaken. related survey which took place However, we couldn’t inform Mr. already Andrews prior to laying the alignment stones.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 32 Park, Thrissur District

5. The acquiring quarry is being used 5. The concern regarding compensation may for fish farming and demand fair address to the attention of SIA agency and compensation Revenue Department. Johny 1. Since there is already a 1. The need to acquire land around quarry in Chirayath Panchayat road being used to reach 6 meter width is to keep a safe distance quarry, I would like to know the need and to protect by constructing a compound of constructing a new road and wall. This shall also facilitates an easy acquisition of land. entrance to the quarry.

2. Many families around this place 2. As we complete the land acquisition depend quarry for water for the procedures, all the rights and claims of the household use and they are anxious land will be settled. As informed by the about the continued use of water Revenue Department, the corresponding body in the quarry. land will be transferred to Forest Department only after the full settlement.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 33 Park, Thrissur District

Hence the affected person will have no right whatsoever upon the completion of acquisition procedures. 3. I would like to know the Survey 3. Survey Nos. were notified in the Nos. and corresponding land Government Order dated 04-04-2019. aligned for acquisition. Shju (S/o 252/1,2 1. It is observed that there is 1. The change is due to the introduction MaatilVasu, discrepancy in the Survey Nos. The of Survey Sub Division. Wife land in possession of Survey No.- Ammini) 252/1,2 was shown as 252/12 in the documents for acquisition procedures. Which are the documents should have the land owner hold? 2. What extent of land is being 2. The documents to present by the land

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 34 Park, Thrissur District

aligned to acquire from this Survey owners are Original Land Registration number? Document, Base Document, Land Tax Receipt, Possession Certificate and Encumbrance Certificate. 3. What are the procedures for the 3. The exact land to be acquired can only land acquisition and compensation be informed after a detailed survey. settlement? Raveendran 252/4,11,18 1. I would like to understand if the land 1. The ownership of land is decided based on (S/O documents or the possession the land documents. A project and location AnithaChand documents are to be considered to map will be provided to the affected rasekharan) measure the ownership of land. person along with the compensation and settlement package. 2. Once the land acquisition is 2. As we complete the land acquisition over, are the people hereafter allowed procedures, all the rights and claims of the to use the existing road? land will be settled. As informed by the

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 35 Park, Thrissur District

3. One of the findings of the study Revenue Department, the corresponding that ‘no religious institutions are land will be transferred to Forest being affected’ is wrong as one Department only after the full settlement. banyan tree and an adjacent open Hence the affected person will have no temple are included in the aligned right whatsoever upon the completion of land for acquisition. Request acquisition procedures. authorities to provide a map and blue 3. An occasionally used small open print of the acquiring land. temple is found at the land aligned for acquisition. Rameshan 1. Shaju S/O Gangadharan 1. As we complete the land acquisition (Member- Kizhuvakkal and Bhavani, procedures, all the rights and claims of the Ward No.3) W/o Sadasivan Kizhuvakkal are land will be settled. As informed by the presently sourcing water for farming Revenue Department, the corresponding from the second quarry included for land will be transferred to Forest the land acquisition. They are Department only after the full settlement.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 36 Park, Thrissur District

anxious about the sourcing of water Hence the affected person will have no upon completion of acquisition. right whatsoever upon the completion of Hence appeal the authorities to acquisition procedures. provide one of the quarry’s for their daily use. 2. I also appeal to undertake 2. Deputy Forest Conservator, Zoological construction of the proposed project Park have informed that the construction without any disturbances to the people shall take places with minimal in the surroundings. disturbances to the people in the vicinity.

Details collected from Mr. Jose Thottungal (555/1, 244/1,244/2, 1102/pt, 1103/pt, 1104/pt) on 16/12/2019, Monday by SIA unit, Monday who could not be contacted at the time of data collection. Following are the suggestions by him as he was unable to attend the public hearing held on 18-10-2019.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 37 Park, Thrissur District

 When the land is acquired, provide transportation facility with a road with 8 meter width from the land not acquired for the uninterrupted transport of container vehicles for the international project that the owner has envisaged.  The proposed land has been leased to 36 Lakhs annual lease. This income will cease when the land is acquired. It should be considered and reasonable compensation should be given.  As retired person, the acquisition of a large amount of land for the project is more than affordable. So, minim ize the extent of land acquired.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 38 Park, Thrissur District

PUBLIC HEARING PHOTOS Public Hearing was held on 18th October 2019, at Puthur Grama Panchayath Hall.

CHAPTER 4 LAND ASSESSMENT

4.1 Land Description with the help of Maps, Information from Land Inventories and Primary Sources. Puthur, is a village in Thrissur district. The affected area belongs to 3 and 14th ward in Puthur Grama Panchayath in Ollukkara block. The office of the department of Forest is situated near to the project area and the proposed area starts from the property of the department of Forest.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 40 Park, Thrissur District

4.2 Entire area of impact under the influence of the project Land acquisition for the project causes various impacts to the land owners along with the loss of land like loss of built up property and cutting of trees. The possible impacts of the land owners are assessing in the table below: Table 4.2.1 Possible Impacts to the Land Owners Sl.N Name Survey Number Impact o. 1 Ammini, w/o Martin Vasu, Loss of land and 1 Muthal Per, Nambiar Road, quarry Puthur 252/1, 2, 3, 4,5, P O, Thrissur 11, 13, 14,15, 16, 2 Johny Chirayath 17, 18, 19, 20, Loss of land Marathaakkara, Puthur P O 268/pt 3 A.K Raphel Akkarapattiyekkal House, Puranattukara, Thrissur- 680 551 Loss of land and 4. Andrews K J 1 quarry Kozhukkullikkaran House, Puthur P O, Thrissur 5 Anitha Chandra Sekharan Loss of land Kanduvaravalappil House, Vadookkara PO, Thrissur 680007 6 Jose John 555/1,244/1, Loss of land

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 41 Park, Thrissur District

Thottungal Lonappan, 244/2, 1102/pt, Puthur P O 1103/pt, 1104/pt 7 Anitha, w/o Vayakkattil Loss of land Satheesan, 852/1, 2, 4,5 Alsha, s/o Satheeshan, Sajil, s/o Satheeshan 8 Radha, w/o Balan Loss of Land and children Nibu and Nila, Kannoli (h), Nedupuzha P O, Panamukk, Thrissur 9 Bhavani, w/o Bhavani 311/pt, 819/pt, Loss of land and 1 Sadasivan 1095/1, 1095/2, quarry Jineesh etc. s/o Sadasivan, 1096/pt, 1097, Kizhuvakkal(H), Puthur P 1098/1 O, Thrissur 10 Shaju, s/o Gangadharan Loss of land Kizhuvakkal(H), Puthur P 311/pt O, Thrissur

4.3 Total Land Requirement for the Project: 4.6854 hectors of land from survey numbers 252/1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 268/pt 555/1, 244/1, 244/2, (Kainoor village) and 852/1,2,4,5 and 1102/pt, 1103/pt, 1104/pt 311/pt and 819/pt, 1095/1, 1095/2, 1096/pt, 1097, 1098/1 (Puthur village) is proposed to be acquired for the arrangement of developing water supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 42 Park, Thrissur District

Park, Thrissur. The proposed land belongs to Chira Varambu, Puramboke, Purayidam, Tharisu and Nilam as per the revenue records.

4.4. Present Use of any Public, Utilized land in the Vicinity of the Project Area: Some of the families collect water for domestic and agriculture use from the proposed quarry. 4.5. Land Already Purchased, Alienated, Leased or Acquired, and the intended Use for Each Plot of Land: No land is already purchased, alienated, leased or acquired for the project. The whole land to be acquired is proposed to use for construction of Zoological Park.

4.6. Quantity and Location of Land Proposed to be Acquired for the Project: The project is being planned in 4.6854 hectors of land in ward no. 3 and 14 of Puthur Grama Panchayath in Puthur and Kainoor village in Ollukkara block of Trissur District. The project site is located 10 km away from Thrissur Town. The land to be acquired for the development of water supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological Park, Thrissur. The proposed land will be acquired from resurvey numbers 252/1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 268/pt, 555/1,244/1, 244/2, 852/1, 2, 4, 5, 1102/pt, 1103/pt, 1104/pt, 311/pt, 819/pt, 1095/1, 1095/2, 1096/pt, 1097 and 1098/1. The proposed land belongs to Chira Varambu, Puramboke, Purayidam, Tharisu and Nilam as per the revenue records.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 43 Park, Thrissur District

4.7. Nature and Present use and classification of Land and if Agricultural Land, Irrigation Coverage and Cropping Patterns:

The proposed land belongs to Chira Varambu, Puramboke, Purayidam, Tharisu and Nilam as per the revenue records. The land proposed to be acquired for the project is owned by 10 families. The families are using the land for agricultural purpose and as open land. Also the acquisition includes government land (unauthorized land/ Purambokku).

4.8. Size of Holding, Ownership Pattern, Land Distributions and Number of Residential Houses The land of 10 families is under individual ownership .The families are not residing in the affected land.

4.9. Land prices and recent changes in ownership, transfer and use of lands over the last 3 years

No transaction was done in the land to be acquired for the last 3 years as per the information received from the respondents.

Images of acquired land and site

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 44 Park, Thrissur District

CHAPTER 5

ESTIMATION AND ENUMERATION (WHERE REQUIRED) OF AFFECTED FAMILIES AND ASSETS

This chapter comprises of the details of the families that are directly and indirectly affected by the project and the extent of impact.

5.1 Estimation of Families 5.1.1. Families which are directly affected (own land that is proposed to be acquired) 10 families of Puthur Grama Panchayath and Revenue Department are the directly affected parties of the land acquisition for the construction of Zoological Park. The list of the land owners affected by the proposed land acquisition is given in table 5.1.1 Table 5.1.1 List of Land Owners Sl.No. Name and address 1 Ammini,w/o.Vasu,Mattil house,Nambiar road,Puthur,Thrissur 2 Andrews K J,Kozhukullikkaran house,Puthur P O,Thrissur 3 Raphel A. K ,Akkarappattiyekkal house, Puranattukara,Thrissur 4. Johny chirayath,Chirayath house,Marathakkara P O, Thrissur 5 Jose John,s/o Thottungal Lonappan, Puthur P O 6 Anitha Chandrasekharan,Kunduvaravalappil house,Vadookkara P O,Thrissur

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 45 Park, Thrissur District

7 Anitha, Alsha, Sajil, Ayyanthole P O, via Law college, New Garden,Thrissur 8 Radha, Nibu, Nila, Nedupuzha, Panamukku P O,Thrissur

9 Bhavani, w/o Sadasivan,Kizhuvakal house, Puthur P O, Thrissur 10 Shaju,s/o Gangadharan, ,Kizhuvakal house, Puthur P O, Thrissur

5.2. Family of Scheduled Tribes and other Traditional Forest Dwellers who have lost any of their Forest Rights: No tribal people and other traditional forest dwellers lost their forest rights.

5.3. Families which depend on Common Property Resources which will be affected due to acquisition of land of their livelihood Common property resources are not being affected due to the project.

5.4. Families which have been assigned land by the State Government or the Central Government under any of its schemes No data available

5.5. Families which have been residing on any land in the urban areas for proceeding three years or more prior to the acquisition of the land Not Applicable

5.6. Families which have been depended on the land being acquired as a primary source of livelihood for three years prior to the acquisition. Not applicable

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 46 Park, Thrissur District

5.6.1. Families which are indirectly impacted by the project (not affected directly by the acquisition of own lands) No indirect impact due to the project. 5.6.2. Inventory of productive assets and significant lands One Sacred groves and 4 quarries are found in project area. Besides some trees have to be cut down for the project. Those are mentioning in the table 5.6.2.1.

Table 5.6.2.1 Details of the assets affected Sl.No. Name of the Tree Number 1 Coconut tree 7 2 Cashew nut Tree 9 3 Teak 12 4 Rubber 32 5 Cotton Tree 1 6 Plantain 20 7 Banyan Tree 1 8 Others 7 9 Sacred Groves 1 10 Quarry 4

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 47 Park, Thrissur District

CHAPTER 6 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL PROFILE

This chapter contains information about the socio-economic and cultural aspects of the affected families. It includes the demographic details, economic status, vulnerability among the affected families, local economic activities in the area, enumeration of the livelihoods of affected families, socialization pattern of the project affected persons, and other related information.

6.1. Demographic Details of the Population in the Project Area

The Social Impact Assessment unit surveyed 10 affected families. Demographic details of the 10 surveyed families are assessing in the following sessions. Table 6.1.1 Age Group and Gender

Age in years Gender Total

Male Female

0-18 7 6 13 19-30 7 6 13 31-45 8 9 17 46-59 4 4 8 60 and above 4 5 9 Total 30 30 60

Table 6.1.1 reveals the age group distribution of the affected persons of the project. Out of 10 family members ie 4 male and 5 female are above 60 years

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 48 Park, Thrissur District

of age. Eight members ie, 4 male members and 4 female members are in the age group of 46-59. Eight male members and 9 female members belong to the age group of 31-45 years. Thirteen family members, including 7 male and 6 female belong to the 19-30 age group, and 13 members ie, 7 boys and 6 girls, belong to the age group of 0-18 years.

Religious Group

Table 6.1.2 Religious Group Religion Number of Percentage families

Christian 4 40

Hindu 6 60

Total 10 100

Table 6.1.2 indicates the distribution of project affected families on the basis of religious group. Out of the 10 affected families, four families follows Christian religion and six families follow Hindu.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 49 Park, Thrissur District

Social Group

Figure: 6.1.1 Social Group

SOCIAL GROUP

GENERAL 40%

OBC 60%

The figure 6.1.1 shows that 6 families (60%) are belonging to OBC group and 4 (40%) include in general category.

Family Pattern Figure: 6.1.2. Family Pattern

Family Pattern

0 Nuclear family Joint family

Out of the 10 affected families i.e., 7 families are nuclear families and 3 families are joint families.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 50 Park, Thrissur District

6.2. Income and Poverty Level of the Affected Families Based on the classification by Public Distribution System 4 families possess blue ration card, 1 family posses pink and 4 families possess white ration card. 1 family is not possessing ration card. Figure 6.2.1 Family Monthly Income

Family Monthly Income 7

0 Agriculture Open land Unauthorized land

Out of the 10 affected families, 6 families are earning monthly income between Rs.6,000/- to 10,000/-, two families earn between Rs.15,000/- to 20,000/- , one family earn between 50,000/- to 100,000/-, and one family earn 200,000/-. Out of the total 60 affected population 17 are earning members and 43 are dependants (figure 6.2.1).

6.3. Vulnerable Group Out of the total affected family members 13 are children below 18 years of age and 9 members are above 60 years of age. Among the elderly people 4 are widows.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 51 Park, Thrissur District

6.4. Land Use and Livelihood Figure 6.4 Land use and livelihood

Land use

Agriculture Open land Unauthorized land

10%

30% 60%

The figure above shows that the affected families are using the land for varied purposes. 6 families are using the land for Agriculture purpose and 3 families have kept the land as open land and 1 family is comes under the un authorized land. The land also included four quarries and the water in the quarry used by different families for their domestic purpose. Also quarry used for fish farming.

6.5. Local Economic Activities Puthur is a local village and many people are depending on agriculture and related activities for their livelihood. Among the affected population some of them are doing fish farming or related activities. Out of the 14 earning members in the affected families, 5 are doing business, 5 are working in private firm, 1 is a farmer, 1 is working abroad, 1 is bank employee and 1 is a retired government servant.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 52 Park, Thrissur District

6.6. Factors that Contribute to Local Livelihood Since both of the affected area is agricultural area and related activities are the local livelihood factors which will not affected due to the project.

6.7. Kinship Patterns and Social and Cultural Organisation: Three of the surveyed households are joint families and other families are nuclear families. No social and cultural organizations in the community are affected because of the project.

6.8. Administrative & Political Organisation: None of the political organization is affected due to the project.

6.9. Community Based Civil Society Organisation: No such organizations are affected due to the project.

6.10. Regional Dynamics &Historical Change Process: Puthur, a village in Puthur Grama Panchayath belongs to Ollukkara block in Thrissur district. It belongs to central part of Kerala. Thrissur, Irinjalakuda, Guruvayoor, Chalakudy, are the nearby cities of Puthur. Thrissur is considered as the cultural capital of Kerala and one of the major city for International trade and commerce. Besides it is a place with historical and cultural importance. This proposed new project of zoological park will help to improve the tourism in the region because the proposed zoo will have lots of animals and birds than the existing and it is planned to relocate in 336 Acres of land. The proposed project will also improve the transportation facilities and it will attract people from all over the world. This may increase business

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 53 Park, Thrissur District

and tourism development and positive impact on the dynamics and change process of the region.

6.11. Quality of the Living Environment: Even it is village and 10 KM away from Thrissur town, people have access to all the facilities.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 54 Park, Thrissur District

CHAPTER 7 SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN

7.1 Approaches to Mitigation To assess the mitigation, the expert research team of SIA Unit has adopted an approach that is spanned in four phases. In the first phase, a physical observation of the area was held and conducted a pilot study to understand major risks and opportunities involved with the project. Later the affected families was surveyed by using a structured questionnaire and collected details on the socio-economic background of the families dynamics of risks of each affected families is collected. To understand generic and common risks involved with the project, in-depth interviews were held with selected key persons and stakeholders of the project. A draft report prepared based on the scientific analysis of the data collected through survey and interview and presented on the Public Hearing held on 18.10.2019 at Puthur Panchyath Hall. The project affected families and stake holders got opportunity to suggest additions and deletions required in the report. The anxieties raised by the project affected families regarding the project and land acquisition was replied by the Land Acquisition Officer and requiring body.

7.2 Measures to avoid mitigate and compensate impact The land acquired for the development of water supply for Puthur Zoological Park in Thrissur District will have minimal impacts. The project is designed by Deputy Conservator of forest and special officer, Thrissur. The plan is designed so that there will be no major impacts, such as the loss of households, with the exception of some trees. It has also been assured that

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 55 Park, Thrissur District

residential area and farming activities will not be severely affected. However he following measures will be taken to minimize the impact of 10 families affected.  Compensation for the land owners as per the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 and Kerala Rules, 2015.  The Resettlement package as per the Policies issued by Revenue (B) Department, Kerala vide G.O (Ms) NO.485/2015/RD dated 23/09/2015 and G.O.(Ms)No.448/2017/RD dated 29/12/2017 in lieu of RFCTLAR&R Act 2013 shall be provided to the affected land owners.  Distribute saplings and take initiatives to plant trees to safeguard the environment  Recreate livelihood opportunities of the affected persons whose dependence on the affected area is crucial for the means of future income  Protect and preserve water bodies in the project area

7.3. Measures that are included in terms of Rehabilitation and Resettlement and Compensation as outlined in the Act The Rehabilitation and Resettlement package as per the Policy issued by Revenue (B) Department, Government of Kerala vide G.O.(Ms) No.485/2015/RD dated 23/09/2015 and G.O. (Ms) No. 448/2017/RD dated 29/12/2017 for the rehabilitation and resettlement package for land acquisition in the state in lieu of RFCTLARR Act 2013 shall be provided to the affected land owners.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 56 Park, Thrissur District

7.4 Measures that the Requiring Body has stated it will introduce in the Project Proposal Requiring body stated that sufficient fund has been reserved for payment of compensation to the affected title holders.

7.5. Alterations to project design and additional measures that may be required to address the extend and intensity of impacts across various groups as identified during the Social Impact Assessment process Not Applicable

7.6. Detailed Mitigation Plan including detailed activities to be carried out for each mitigation strategy and timelines for each mitigation strategy

To mitigate the social impact of the proposed land acquisition, R&R package should be provided to the families as per the Policy issued by Revenue(B) Department, Government of Kerala vide G.O.(Ms)No.448/2017/RD dated 29/12/2017 for the rehabilitation and resettlement package for land acquisition in the state in lieu of RFCT in LAR&R Act 2013 by strictly following the time plan stated in the Kerala Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Rules, 2015.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 57 Park, Thrissur District

Table 7.6.1 Mitigation Plan

Sl.No. Impact Mitigation Time Frame 1 Loss of land Compensation (as per 1st As per Kerala schedule of RFCTLAR&R Right to Fair Act 2013) Compensation 2 Loss of assets Compensation (as per 1st and Transparency attached to land schedule of RFCTLAR&R in Land Act 2013) Acquisition, 3 Loss of religious Cost for resettlement ( as per Rehabilitation property Kerala Policy dated and Resettlement 29/12/2017) Rules 2015 4 Environment Distribute saplings or take Impact initiatives to replant plants/trees which will be lost due to the project 5 Traffic Plan and implement safety block/public measures and develop plan mobility hindering of action for the undisrupted and waste transportation/movement of formation during people and to dispose construction construction wastages period

7.7. The Social Impact Management Plan indicating which measures the Requiring Body has committed to undertake and those that have been proposed, but not committed to be undertaken by the Requiring Body Not Applicable

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 58 Park, Thrissur District

CHAPTER 8 SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK

8.1 Description of institutional structures and key person responsible for each mitigation measures RFCTLAR&R Act, 2013 defines the Administrator appointed by the State Government would be the person responsible for Preparation of Rehabilitation and Resettlement Scheme for affected families of Land Acquisition. Subject to the superintendence/ directions / control of the appropriate Government and the Commissioner for Rehabilitation and Resettlement, the formulation, execution and monitoring of the Rehabilitation & Resettlement Scheme shall vest with the Administrator.

In the proposed land acquisition for the construction of Puthur Zoological Park, Thrissur, the major mitigation measures from the acquisition can be handled by providing the appropriate compensation under the RFCTLAR&R Act, 2013.

As per G.O. (Ms) No.485/2015/RD, dated 23/09/2015, The Kerala State Policy for Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, the District Level Fair Compensation, Resettlement and Resettlement Committee comprising :  District Collector, Administrator for resettlement and rehabilitation,  Land Acquisition officer,  Finance Officer,

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 59 Park, Thrissur District

 Representatives of the requiring body to take financial decisions on its behalf,

8.2 Specify the Role of Non Governmental Organization, if any Not applicable

8.3 Indicate Capacities Required and Capacity Building Plan, Including Technical Assistance, if any Not applicable

8.4 Timelines for Each Activity Timeline will be finalized as per the Kerala Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Rules, 2015

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 60 Park, Thrissur District

CHAPTER 9 SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT BUDGET AND FINANCING OF MITIGATION PLAN

9.1. Costs of all resettlement and rehabilitation costs Not Applicable

9.2. Annual budget and plan of action Not Applicable

9.3. Funding sources with breakup Not Applicable

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 61 Park, Thrissur District

CHAPTER 10

SOCIAL IMPACT MANAGEMENT PLAN MONITORING AND EVALUATION

10.1 Key Monitoring and Evaluative Indicators  Fair compensation  Rehabilitation procedures  Speedy procedures and disbursement of compensation  Time bound clearance of construction waste from the site

10.2 Reporting Mechanisms and Monitoring Roles As per the State Policy issued by the Revenue (B) department as G.O.(MS)No.485/2015 RD dated 23/09/2015

10.3 Plan of Independent Evaluation Not Applicable

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 62 Park, Thrissur District

CHAPTER 11 ANALYSIS OF COSTS AND BENEFITS AND RECOMMENDATION ON ACQUISITION

11.1 Final conclusions on assessment of public purpose, less displacing alternatives, minimum requirements of land, the nature and intensity of social impacts, and viable mitigation measures will address costs The underlying objective was to relocate the existing State Museum and Zoo which is currently functioning in a congested 5.6 hectors of land located in the heart of Thrissur township to an alternate spacious site at Puthur. The project is aimed at providing naturally simulated living facilities, comprehensive health care facilities for animals and birds currently anguishing in age old congested cages. It is proposed to design the Zoological Park with immersion animal enclosures, animal healthcare facilities, wildlife education, research and conservation facilities and visitor facilities using the most state-of-the-art technology. The land acquisition for the arrangement of water supply facility for the proposed Puthur Zoological Park should be done to provide proper facilities to the existing zoo and to avoid the water shortage which the zoo is currently experiencing. When the project complete it will be a great attraction to the village. It will provide the better transportation facilities, availability of goods and services, employment opportunities, increase the market value of the surrounding plots, and it promotes the better standard of living to the society. This may increase business and tourism development at Puthur and lead to overall development.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 63 Park, Thrissur District

According to the current mapping, the land owners have minimal impact by the land acquisition. No one has to evacuate and no one’s livelihood is lost. Adequate compensation and resettlement measures should be taken to minimize the impact of the project. Fair compensation, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Package based on RFCTLAR&R Act, 2013 and environmental measures to replant trees are expected to be the major mitigation measures. Further, the affected persons in general are positive on the proposed project as it helps to better implementation of project and is likely to work as enabler to appreciate commercial value for land and other assets in the village.

11.2 The above analysis will use the equity principle as a framework of analysis for presenting a final recommendation on whether the acquisition should go through or not. Based on the analysis and assessment of the positive and negative impacts of the project of the arrangement of water supply for Thrissur Zoological Park, SIA Team recommends the land acquisition for the development of water supply for Puthur Zoological Park project to implement with the existing land mapping and acquisition plans. The following are recommended to mitigate the impact  Compensation for the land owners as per the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 and Kerala Rules, 2015.  The Resettlement package as per the Policies issued by Revenue (B) Department, Kerala vide G.O (Ms) NO.485/2015/RD dated 23/09/2015 and G.O.(Ms)No.448/2017/RD dated 29/12/2017 in lieu of RFCTLAR&R Act 2013 shall be provided to the affected land owners.

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 64 Park, Thrissur District

 Distribute saplings and take initiatives to plant trees to safeguard the environment  Recreate livelihood opportunities of the affected persons whose dependence on the affected area is crucial for the means of future income  Protect and preserve water bodies in the project area

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 65 Park, Thrissur District

REFERENCES

1. The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 2. The Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement rule, 2015

3. Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition as per Vide G.O(MS)No.485/2015/RD dated 23/09/2015 issued by Revenue(B) Department, Government of Kerala 4. Rehabilitation and Resettlement procedure as per vide G.O.(MS)No.448/2017/RD dated 29/12/2017 issued by Revenue(B) Department, Government of Kerala for the rehabilitation and resettlement package for acquisition of land in the state in lieu of RFCTLAR&R Act 2013 5. Detailed project report (DPR) of Puthur Zoological park, Thrissur

Land Acquisition for developing of Water Supply arrangement for Puthur Zoological 66 Park, Thrissur District