The official magazine of the Aircraft Owner and Pilots Association www.aopa.co.uk

The aircraft that will put schools on the grid Slovenian airplane maker has just received EASA certification for its Velis Electro – we take a look at how it could revolutionise training…

SYCAMORE RETURNS AIRSPACE CHANGES ONLINE TRAINING Henry Simpson reports on Nick Wilcock discusses the AOPA has launched a the Bristol Sycamore that changes to airspace regarding range of training courses returned to British skies Air Cadet glider sites online – find out more

MAGAZINE 08.2020 FREE TO MEMBERS WWW.AOPA.CO.UK

03 CHAIRMAN'S MESSAGE THERE MAY BE EDITOR David Rawlings TROUBLE AHEAD [email protected] S I WRITE this, General Aviation Flight Training has restarted, or is in the process of restarting. Pubs and restaurants are opening, we’re all being ART EDITOR Dan Payne urged to get back to work on public transport and then spend, spend, [email protected] A spend. The UK economy, across all main sectors, has been hit by its worst quarterly SUB EDITOR contraction in 41 years: three times greater than the decline seen during the whole Lucy Debenham of the 2008–9 economic downturn and the deepest recession in almost a century. Added to which, Brexit is back. CONTRIBUTORS Where does this leave the aviation sector and specifically GA’s place in the sector? John Walker, All of the well-known airlines are in discussions with staff and unions about large- David Chambers, Henry Simpson, scale job losses, with predictions of 100,000 to be lost. This will surely impact George Done, Carol Cooper Flight Training, not only for an integrated ATPL level but also, in particular, a modular ATPL, since there will be a surplus of qualified ATPLs already out there on PUBLISHED BY the market. Added to which, how are the FTOs going to deliver EASA ATPLs after AOPA UK 31 December this year? Students will have completed the same training to the same 50a Cambridge Street, standard but the licence will be issued by the CAA and to date there is no prospect , SW1V 4QQ of mutual recognition by EASA. +44 (0)20 7834 5631 One regional airport has already lost half of its flight movements as an ATO that was based there took its training to Europe. This has further ripple effects: if ADVERTISING & SUBSCRIPTIONS Flight Training moves to Europe then there will be less need for infrastructure and people in the UK: fewer airfields, hangars, aeroplanes, and the people supporting AOPA UK them: Engineers, Flight Instructors, Operations staff and Air Traffic Controllers, and British Light Aviation Centre critically people willing to invest in the sector. How many people will want to start 50a Cambridge Street London, SW1V 4QQ PPL training if there is no confidence in the economy or job security? How many +44 (0)20 7834 5631 people will want to get back to travelling by air? Anecdotally, friends of mine who are leaving the UK are all driving to Europe now. HEAD OF ADVERTISING AOPA is putting pressure on the DfT and the CAA to help them understand the David Impey interconnectedness of the Aviation sector. What happens in General Aviation +44 (0)7742 605338 impacts Commercial Aviation and vice versa. Another example is the issue of availability of Authorised Medical Examiners, who earn most of their fees from PRINTING examining Commercial Pilots. In addition to prioritising their efforts during Ruddocks COVID-19 and beyond, they may not think it worth their while continuing to be an 56 Great Northern Terrace, AME. Lincoln LN5 8HL This also affects the CAA, which with a downturn in the sector is already seeing a +44 (0)1522 529591 downturn in income from fees and charges. To help mitigate this staff have taken a www.ruddocks.co.uk 20 per cent pay cut whilst their workload has probably doubled during the outbreak.

The team at AOPA is continuing to lobby the Treasury for a reduction in VAT for © British Light Aviation Centre Ltd Professional Flight Training and looking at a number of ways this could be done, AOPA is a member of the International such as linking the qualification to a degree. The DfT is also looking into other Council of Aircraft Owners and incentives that can be used to kick-start the sector. Pilots Association. IAOPA Go flying, while we still can. •

Articles, photographs and news items from AOPA members and other readers are welcome. Please send to the Editor. Inclusion of material in AOPA Magazine cannot be guaranteed, however, and remains at the discretion of the Editor. Material for consideration for the August Pauline Vahey 2020 issue should be recieved no later Chairman, AOPA UK than 1 September 2020. [email protected]

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot 04 INSIDE THIS MONTH CONTENTS AUGUST 2020

07AOPA AFFAIRS AOPA's CEO Martin Robinson 18NEWS The news from around the globe discusses the latest hot topics from the world affecting GA, including the VC10s under threat, of aviation and how AOPA is ensuring your the Mosquito project, first flights of aircraft and rights aren't violated. much more.

09AOPA COMMUNITY The latest happenings 24TRAVEL FEATURE Regular contributor Henry from inside the world of AOPA. Everything is Simpson talks to legendary pilot, covered from advice on decision-making to Siegfried 'Blacky' Schwarz about bringing the airfields under threat. Bristol Sycamore back to the UK's skies.

10WORKING FOR YOU David Chambers brings 28COVER STORY The Velis Electro, the members up to date with the latest news and first to receive EASA Type discussions from the recent Members Working Certification – we look at how it might change Group meeting. the world of flight training.

12MAINTENANCE George Done looks into how 36TRAINING FEATURE Nick Wilcock explains you can ensure that your aircraft remains the changes in airspace concerning Air Cadet airworthy during the current pandemic, with gliding sites. The new AOPA online training help from your maintenance organisation. courses are also explained.

14PPL CORNER In this two-part series, CFI Carol 40TECH & BOOK REVIEWS Breitling has Cooper discusses decision-making and how to launched a new Chronomat, which we take a ensure you don't fall through the Swiss cheese, look at. Plus a third book in the series of airmen by letting one mistake compound another. obituaries.

16AIRFIELDS UPDATE John Walker reports 43CLASSIFIEDS Find pages packed with aviation- on the UK's airfields that are currently under related listings, as well as opportunities for threat from property developers as well as shares in aircraft, and reputable maintenance local councils. organisations.

AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot August 2020 05

EDITOR'S MOMENT Despite the lack of flying, the skies being quiet and a general downturn in aviation activities, this issue is filled with positive flying stories: from Henry Simpson talking to Blacky Schwarz about the Bristol Sycamore to the certification of the Pipistrel Velis Electro, which could revolutionise schools and is a very exciting prospect for the future of aviation and new pilots. AOPA has also launched online training courses – many of which are free – so if you need to refresh your skills after being grounded for the last few months, then turn to page 39 to find out more. For more self-improvement, Carol Cooper is offering fantastic advice (in this two-part special) on decision-making in this month's PPL Corner, so flick to p14 if it's something you need to work on. So, put the kettle on, sit back, enjoy the issue and plan where you're going to fly next. 24 Blue skies!

David Rawlings Editor, AOPA Magazine UK 40 [email protected]

09

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot

07 AOPA AFFAIRS TRYING TO GET GA BACK TO NORMAL HROUGHOUT THE lockdown FLIGHT TRAINING there have been regular "The CAA also took the AOPA worked on getting flight training weekly meetings across many decision to postpone the restarted and as you will know the green T areas of interest: General light was switched on; due to the weather Aviation recovery workshops hosted implementation of any on that day there was clearly no massive by the CAA with the Department for leap into the air by GA, which is probably Transport, which identified the issues and increases in charges to just as well, as I was fearing a number of concerns that GA was facing during the incidents happening. lockdown – AOPA kept members updated later this year" COVID-19 has not gone away and social as information was released. There were distancing is still required. The matter at least two workshops with the CAA COVID on GA businesses seeking is an HSE one and not a CAA issue, covering the development of 600 kg a period of grace, but the authority therefore the advice is to contact the HSE microlight aircraft; the UK will push explained why it could only offer payment if you have concerns about how some ahead and a date in mid 2021 is being plans. The CC also took the decision businesses might be failing to apply the considered for the introduction into UK to postpone the implementation of any right approach to maintaining the correct legal framework. increases in charges to later this year. interpretation of the COVID-19 rules on social distancing and sanitation. PROJECT GAGA THE DRONE COMMUNITY The General and Business Aviation Work continues with project GAGA, The U-Space demonstration workshops Strategic Forum (GBASF) met recently which aims to deliver RNP approaches were a series of seminars which and it’s clear that the DfT and CAA are at three locations. We have been pushing highlight some of the goals of the drone trying to get their individual programmes the current applications harder with the community as well as some of the back on track. These include: airspace, CAA. Following a few conversations, I problems both in regulatory and technical airfields, skills, COVID-19, aviation wrote to the CAA, and it has resulted areas. AOPA has engaged in this activity services, network of airfields and pilot in a few changes, which are in fact the as the planned role out of Beyond Visual training. changes that AOPA raised. These include Line of Sight (BVLOS) and autonomous It is also interesting that the General a review of CAP 1616 and the removal of operations can impact on GA. We are Aviation Unit (GAU) is trying to establish the bow tie safety model. seeking a systemised approach that an international regulators' forum, looking The DFT will be making funding achieves the greatest integration. at where the issues are globally for available for these approaches under What is still unknown is how a GA and what the current forms of best phase two, possibly beginning in future system of lower airspace traffic practice are in other domains. The initial September. It is my hope that because management will be paid for, or what group includes , New Zealand, of our efforts the CAA will have a services will be required. Whilst I have no Canada and the USA; once this is better process, leading to a successful doubt that drone operations will happen, established, they will then seek to include conclusion. Furthermore, such I do not think that the number of drones other states. With our departure from applications under normal circumstances will be anything like the number that EASA the CAA does not want to be alone should not take longer than three years to has been forecast and I am concerned in the world of aviation regulation. achieve. that there doesn’t appear to be an It is my opinion (and not that of AOPA), The AOPA Training and Education overall business plan to support such a that this feels like we are being spoon-fed Committee had its first meeting online. development. Manned aviation indicates again and that the engagement with us This group includes several of the UK’s how noise and visual intrusion are an is not as good as it should be. Whilst the leading instructors and examiners and is issue with the public; so far there have CAA may hold meetings and we spend a focusing on the issues affecting safety, been no studies in relation to the wider lot of time discussing issues, there needs considering training needs and or where public’s acceptance. to be improved dialogue. • more education is needed. AOPA is a The CAA is developing its own member of GASCO, CHIRP and the approach to the evolution of drones AIRPROX board and we are trying to and I have raised our concerns about coordinate the main issues being flagged the expansion of temporary restricted up through these bodies and make airspace applications. Furthermore, the recommendations to the CAA where CAA needs to be more transparent on there is a training need. this subject with the GA community – this Martin Robinson We wrote to the CAA finance was communicated to the CEO who has CEO, AOPA UK department regarding the impact of since provided several assurances. [email protected]

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot

AOPA COMMUNITY 09 HELPING YOU STAY FLYING Welcome to the AOPA COMMUNITY section of the magazine, bringing you all the NEWS AND INSIGHTS from the world of AOPA...

WORKING FOR YOU 10 Online meetings work

MAINTENANCE 12 Training aircraft

PPL CORNER 14 Decision making

AIRFIELDS UPDATE 16 Threatened aerodromes

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot 10 AOPA COMMUNITY Working For You

WORDS David Chambers IMAGES Various MOVING ONLINE HAS BEEN A SUCCESS The AOPA Members Working Group has had to adapt due to the pandemic, but the team has done a fantastic job to keep things moving along

LOCKDOWN HAS encouraged us all to adapt in different ways. Online meetings have become the norm, and so we held our first Members Working Group meeting using Zoom in July. Attendees reported that they found the format works remarkably well. Those new to video conferencing have now familiarised themselves with good meeting etiquette. We made use of the facility to virtually ‘raise your hand’ and take the floor in an orderly manner. Presentation material was emailed out a few days beforehand and also shown on screen. The chat facility enables non-intrusive Online meetings have been a blessing for AOPA comments and suggestions. The plus side is wider access The meeting remains a schools (ATOs) have applied to the meeting. Travel is no useful tool for two-way "The meetings to be allowed to provide longer a limiting factor and communication between the remain a useful EASA training, but EASA virtually anyone can attend executive committee and itself isn’t allowed to approve from anywhere in the country. members. Anyone is welcome tool for two-way any until January. A UK-only Perhaps a downside is the to participate and members ATPL is seen as less valuable. lack of those private chats are encouraged to do so. Just communication Who knows whether it will be during the breaks and general contact me before our next Ireland or (or another mingling with others that help meeting on 17 October which between the EU country) who will provide to welcome new members. will also be held by Zoom. executive the oversight for UK EASA The shorter duration (three training, just as the UK CAA hours online vs five hours in CEO UPDATE committee and used to provide oversight for person and time gained from Martin Robinson gave a US-based EASA ATOs. On the not travelling to and from the detailed report of current members" plus side, there is a possibility venue) left a good part of issues. In addition to the of allowing FAA training on the day for other activities. short-term response to CV-19, N-Reg aircraft. Annoyingly, it was one of the working with the DfT/CAA Project GAGA, an EU best weather days for flying and others to get us airborne funded project which AOPA is we’ve had for some time. When again, he also explained some administering, aims to achieve permitted, we’d still like to hold of the longer term implications, approval of RNAV approaches some meetings each year in such as a probable dramatic at three UK GA Airports. person and some via Zoom. drop in demand for commercial LPVs for Haverfordwest and It would make sense for the pilot training. Gloucester look likely before summer ones to be held at an The practicalities of Brexit end of 2020 but Stapleford airfield allowing travel by air or are also high on the agenda, may take a little longer. road depending on the weather with much uncertainty. At Other topics are reported on the day. least 28 commercial training elsewhere in the magazine and

AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot August 2020 11

AOPA FLYING INSTRUCTORS REFRESHER COURSES

For revalidation of an FI certificate, the holder shall Manston could reopen in 2023 fulfil two of the following three requirements: included Airspace regulation, proposals, assessing their ADS-B, GAR forms, training impact and discussing directly 1 At least 50 hours of flight instruction on Permit Aircraft. There are a with those involved. during certificate validity as lot of topics for AOPA to keep FI, TRI, CTI, IRI, MI or Examiner; abreast of and voice the views CHAIRMAN’S PERSPECTIVE 2 Attend a Flight Instructor Refresher of private GA, so it remains Our Chairman, Pauline Vahey, important to encourage as updated us on the wider Seminar within the validity of many pilots as possible to join organisational changes afoot, the certificate; and and support the organisation. with the main initiative being 3 Pass an Assessment of Competence to sell AOPA’s property in within the 12 months preceding the AIRFIELD DEVELOPMENT London and move elsewhere. expiry of the certificate. John Walker keeps track of Although online meetings a myriad of details of many have been a success, there is airfields under threat. You can still a need for some physical For at least each alternate subsequent read about these on page 16 office space and meeting/ revalidation, an assessment of competence of the magazine but it was training rooms. must be undertaken. In the case of a heartwarming to hear that renewal you should, within 12 months Manston had been granted MAINTENANCE GROUP before renewal, attend a Flight consent as a cargo hub and Malcolm Bird updated us Instructor Refresher Course and pass may reopen around 2023, also on the development at the an assessment of competence. supporting other GA activities. Maintenance Working Group, Andrewsfield is also safe for which remains a useful the time being. conduit between experienced NEXT DATES maintenance engineers on The next dates for the course are REGULATORY PROGRESS the front line and the CAA. 24-25 November 2020. Nick Wilcock provided a He felt the CAA had been report of regulatory activity, very responsive during the Approval has now been obtained from the CAA to run especially around Flight Crew COVID-19 crisis, such as this Flight Instructor Refresher Course using Zoom on a Licensing. As an international enabling engine-health flights. one-off basis due to the current pandemic. It is therefore organisation AOPA will A topic that will come to the imperative that any candidate is up to speed on using continue to participate in forefront in the months ahead Zoom prior to commencing the Course. Further informa- EASA activities after the year will be the phasing out of tion can be obtained from Course Administrator, John end and many will continue leaded AVGAS. Pett, on 07754780335. Please book the Course online at to influence UK regulation. It is thought around 65 www.aopa.co.uk E-exams for PPL/LAPL per cent of the fleet could students will be introduced in run on unleaded, with higher October, requiring all students performance engines less able to register on the CAA portal, to adapt. Technology offers and clubs to schedule exams new options, including electric in advance. There will be a and hydrogen, which need to To register for a place on any of the need for many more Ground be fully considered. seminars please call the AOPA office Examiners and the CAA is Another topic was how to on 020 7834 5631 or join online at likely to reduce the three- record time for the purpose of yearly fee from £250 to £125. measuring component lifetime WWW.AOPA.CO.UK. A few DTOs are currently – there are at least seven The seminars start at 1100 and end piloting the new system. different ways to do so, all at 1800 each day to facilitate travel. Nick has also been looking leading to potential confusion at a couple of airspace change and possible additional cost. •

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot 12 AOPA COMMUNITY Maintenance

WORDS George Dunn IMAGES Various MAINTENANCE WORKING GROUP ON FLIGHT TRAINING There’s lots of confusion around what can be done with training aircraft, but the Maintenance Working Group is here to clear it up…

THE NEWLY discovered aircraft owner members who aircraft used for flight training ability for groups to "The regulations raise queries and seek advice. the exceedance was limited to conduct their meetings separate One query, and a bit of 20 per cent, again with certain online using platforms like a perennial, concerned conditions attached. Zoom has enabled those the existing the application of GR 24 The final release by EASA involved to keep up with (Generic Requirements of the long-awaited Part ML developing situations and continuing 24 – Light Aircraft Piston (Airworthiness Requirements to easily compare notes airworthiness Engine Overhaul Periods for ‘Light Aircraft’) in March and experiences. The AOPA found in CAP 747 – 2020 changed all this. The Maintenance Working requirements for Mandatory Requirements timing coincided with the UK Group held just such a for Airworthiness) to aircraft gearing up to deal with the virtual meeting at end of 'light aircraft' from being used for flight training. emerging pandemic, and it is June. Aircraft owners, whether sole fair to say that the introduction The WG comprises AOPA those for licensed owners, a member of a group, of this new set of regulations member aircraft owners, heads air carriers" or a flying club or school, was somewhat overshadowed of maintenance organisations usually become familiar with by the lockdown situation. and personnel from the CAA this set of requirements as the The regulations separate whose area of responsibility engine hours approach the the existing continuing includes engineering and manufacturer’s recommended airworthiness requirements maintenance of GA aircraft. time for overhaul. For private for ‘light aircraft’ from those As well as current issues, the flying, the hours could be for licensed air carriers. Part agenda included a regular exceeded indefinitely by ML applies to non-complex item on engineering and going onto ‘on condition’, as motor-powered aircraft, maintenance problems from prescribed in GR 24, but for i.e. aeroplanes of 2,730 kg MTOW or less, rotorcraft up to 1,200 kg, and other ELA2 aircraft, e.g. sailplanes, balloons and small airships, and can include club aircraft used for flight training. The Aircraft Maintenance Programme (AMP) agreed between owner and maintainer, and signed off by the owner, uses a risk-based approach which obviates the requirements of GR 24 and 17, the latter applying to VP propellors. Thus, an engine on an aircraft used for flight training can continue to be operated on condition if the AMP includes a series of sensible checks, bearing in mind the use to which the aircraft will be subjected. The has airworthiness limitations These can include cylinder

AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot August 2020 13 compression measurements (as in GR 24), the monitoring of oil consumption, and an TOP THREE oil analysis at each check, TIPS AND ADVICE for example. If, as happens occasionally (when an engine is stripped down following a prop strike halfway through the manufacturer’s recommended overhaul period) much becomes known about the condition of the internal components AVIATION SAFETY of the engine, possibly 1 REPORTS (MOR) with replacement of some These should be completed showing wear or corrosion whenever you encounter (e.g. camshaft), then it would a safety-related incident. be reasonable to expect the Completing an MRO allows engine to have a much longer trends to be noticed and life than the manufacturer’s helps makes flying safer. recommended figure before Guidance on how to an overhaul to zero hours complete one can be found becomes necessary. In on the AOPA website. discussions on the AMP between owner and maintainer, it needs to be borne in mind that not all makes of engine allow such flexibilty. The Rotax 912, used in some training aircraft, has airworthiness limitions that are highly prescribed. UNLEADED FUEL The main beneficiaries of 2 Can your aircraft run the more flexible approach on the unleaded fuel found will be the flight training at several airfields? AOPA schools and flying clubs as it research suggests that 65 should lead to a reduction in per cent of UK-registered long-term operational costs. aircraft can. Check with Full information can be found your engine and airframe on the CAA website, and a manufacturers. Apart from perusal of the contents is generating less pollution, recommended. At the time of maintenance bills can be writing, GR 24 and 17 await reduced! revision to take account of the new rules. Finally, to answer a query that often comes AOPA’s way when an owner changes his/ her maintainer: “Who owns the AMP – aircraft owner or maintenance organisation?” If the latter had agreed the EASA PERMIT RENEWAL AMP with the owner and 3 The CAA is now desk- charged for the time spent, issuing many permits then it belongs to the owner without a surveyor visit. and it can form the basis of They simply interview your the agreed AMP with a new maintainer by phone and, if maintainer. If the AMP was a the paperwork is in order, generic programme (possible issue a permit remotely. It in the case of ubiquitous is worth submitting your aircraft such as C172s or PA application well before your 28s) with no charge being current permit expires. made, then it belongs to the

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot 14 AOPA COMMUNITY PPL Corner

WORDS Carol Cooper WORDS Various MAKING THE BEST DECISIONS In this two-part series on decision-making CFI Carol Cooper explains, in-depth, how you can stay safe and not let one bad choice compound into many…

SO YOU’RE a pilot or you be more important than ever. poor knowledge of ATC are going to be. Can you Perhaps we will be flying "How do we go services, perhaps English is make a good decision in the aeroplanes that haven’t flown not your first language and event of a problem when for a while – is everything about making you find ATC difficult to you are flying or planning a working the way it was before the right decision understand, maybe you fly flight? Most accidents are we were grounded? abroad and find ATC there a result of poor decision- for the nature of difficult to understand. making throughout a course MAKING THE RIGHT Not using checklists so of events. Professional CHOICES the problem and you miss something (didn’t pilots are regularly tested How do we go about making put the transponder on) and on their ability to make the right decision for the how can we train incorrect operation of an decisions, and they have nature of the problem, and ourselves to make aircraft system, Misreading a very comprehensive how can we train ourselves to GPS, not understanding checklist implemented by make good decisions? good decisions?" aircraft systems or the GPS in two pilots, not one. How do we make decisions? the aircraft. How many of us So what about us, flying I am not going to get too buy a new gadget and read single crew, often not as involved or complex – this the whole of the instruction perhaps as you would like, article is for the private pilot book, or any of it? Do you and certainly not lately. The who flies for fun, but what think ‘let’s learn how it works‘ poor winter weather and the can cause us to make poor by trial and error? Could that coronavirus has resulted in decisions? be you with your new GPS in most leisure pilots being ‘out Communication, your aircraft, or the new auto of practice’ and therefore between pilots and ATC, pilot? making good decisions will misunderstood messages, Weather deterioration, we

Some holes due to THE SWISS CHEESE MODEL active failure. Other MR REASON COMPARES HUMAN SYSTEMS TO LAYERS OF SWISS CHEESE holes due to latent conditions

HAZARDS

ACCIDENTS/ LOSS

AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot August 2020 15 all know we can’t control the weather but do you make best use of information available? Do you just look out of the window and think ‘it looks a nice day, let’s go flying’? Could that be you? Tiredness and fatigue, personal problems and overloading. Everything getting to you, ‘need a break, let’s go flying’. Could that be you? Do you ever think of the I’M SAFE mnemonic (a CAA initiative)? Do you know what it stands for? Bad habits due to lack of recurrence training. ‘I don’t need a check out, I know I haven’t practiced emergencies and circuits etc. for ages, but I haven’t got time to see if there is an instructor available. I am If you're flying outside your skillset you could be putting yourself in danger too busy.’ Could that be you? Any of these or a defence – no human system is had options, but they failed to combination of them could perfect (we aren’t machines) "All of the break the layers in the swiss cause you to make a poor • Something breaking through defence layers cheese model. decision. Do you suffer from a hole isn’t a huge problem – We make decisions every any of the above? In the things go wrong occasionally have been broken day. What time to get up, stressful times we live in, I bet • As humans we have what to have for breakfast. you do. developed to cope with minor because the holes Plenty of us have lain in bed failures/mistakes as a routine have lined up" a bit later than usual thinking IT IS A FACT OF LIFE part of life (something small about the consequences of THAT HUMANS MAKE goes wrong, we fix it and getting up later. Was it a good MISTAKES move on) decision?! Late for work, Accidents are caused by • Within our ‘systems’ speeding on the way to work pilots doing something or there are often several ‘layers to make up time, breaking the nothing, too late or too of defence’ (more slices of law to have five extra minutes early, to be in the wrong Swiss cheese) in bed. place, and accidents are also • Things become a Most of the time you get usually a number of things major problem when failures away with it, but what if you strung together. People on follow a path through all the get stopped for speeding, much higher pay grades holes in the Swiss cheese – all cause an accident because than most of us have spent of the defence layers have you were going too fast in years studying the subject been broken because the a thirty mile an hour limit? of decision-making. Often holes have ‘lined up’. Suppose a child ran out? I things are given names that What does that all mean? All am sure you have heard the you might have heard of, but the slices offer a possibility advert that if you hit a child you possibly think, ‘that is far to take another route, so the at thirty, they will probably too complicated for me, or I holes do not line up. Only if survive, at forty they will not, haven’t got time for that’. The the holes all line up does the just for an extra five minutes Swiss cheese model is the accident happen. We do have in bed! The decision you example here. options when we are flying. made to have those extra five We need to break the line of minutes has led to a sequence THE SWISS CHEESE holes and take another option of things that caused an MODEL to another, hopefully better, accident. • Mr Reason compares human outcome. Lots of systems The swiss cheese model is systems to layers of Swiss now have backups or even just saying that one action cheese backups for backups, because leads on to another, therefore • Each layer is a defence humans make mistakes. more consequences. We are against something going If you have read some of constantly making decisions, wrong (mistakes and failure) the accident reports you can some more important than • There are ‘holes’ in the often see the pilot or pilots others.

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot 16 AOPA COMMUNITY PPL Corner and Airfields Update

ACCIDENTS pilot has no control over, When an accident occurs, – but the following actions are WORDS John Walker 70 per cent of the time it’s what the pilot has control the pilot’s fault. That’s why over. with modern technology the Different courses of action THE LATEST NEWS aircraft has backup systems. would lead to different The technology is there to outcomes, some having a ON UK AIRFIELDS not need a pilot. Think of safe outcome and others autopilot, auto-land, drones not. The decision needs to THERE ARE airfields challenge this decision flown remotely. Think about be made as to which is the across the UK currently through a Judicial Review. twin-engine aircraft – you safest. under threat. Here are On 9 July 2020, Thanet must be safer, you have a To make a good decision the latest developments, District Council adopted spare if an engine fails? we need judgement, to updated 14 July 2020. its 2031 Local Plan that Statistics show that is not assess the information we recognises the existing use true because more decisions have, and to come to a BRUNTINGTHORPE of Manston as an airport must be made. good decision, we need the Majority of aerodrome and agreed to an early “Will it fly on one, can required knowledge. It is site to be used for motor review of the adopted plan I control it, and am I in unlikely we will make a good vehicle storage. Residents in the light of the DCO practice?” With a single- decision if we don’t have the given notice to remove decision. engine aeroplane, if the correct training to use that their aircraft by 30 October engine fails outright there knowledge. 2020. MONEWDEN are less decisions to make. A Monewden is due to close partial engine failure though ACRONYMS BOURNE PARK by Christmas 2020 with can be more demanding, The commercial pilots have Planning application owner citing the main with options to consider acronyms to help them to approved on 26 June 2020 reason being the “constant that are best reviewed on decide – do you? Probably by Test Valley Borough gripes from the council re the ground before take-off. not, but they could help you. Council for demolition of planning and moaning from More decisions may have to Remember again they have buildings associated with the local few.” be made if you have partial regular training and testing, Bourne Park Airfield and power. and checklists, and there are removal of existing airstrip WYCOMBE AIR PARK For those of us who love two of them. and outdoor storage areas Site lease holder (Helicopter flying, we all pay a lot of They still have acronyms. leading to cessation of all Aircraft Holdings Ltd) has money for that view and Why do we use acronyms? aviation activity. agreed new leases with the freedom of the skies. To Because they help you the land owner, Wycombe remotely control a drone remember when you do not MANSTON District Council (now would not give you the same have someone to read the In a letter dated 9 July 2020, assimilated into the new feeling of exhilaration. checklist for you, maybe you the Secretary of State has Buckinghamshire Council). are on your own and in a approved the granting of The Council’s adopted 2033 WHAT GOES WRONG? stressful situation, and you a Development Consent Local Plan provides for an The pilot is doing something are more likely to remember Order (DCO) to River Oak industrial / warehousing they shouldn’t be trying to an acronym than just a series Strategic Partners (the complex on south-western do, for example: of checks. site owner) to retain the part of the site requiring • Flying in conditions outside I am sure you use acronyms aerodrome as a Nationally shortening of runway 35 their qualifications FREDA, HASELL, HELL etc., Significant Infrastructure and relocation of gliding • Being somewhere they so why not also use one Project. activities to the north, shouldn’t be (in controlled when things are going wrong. There is now a six-week changes for which a public airspace) One such is DODAR: period for parties to consultation has been held. • Doing something they • DIAGNOSE shouldn’t (aerobatics at low • OPTIONS level) • DECIDE • Trying to do too many • ASSIGN TASKS things at once • REVIEW • Distracted by their You can find out more about passengers. this when we will continue with each option in the ARE PILOTS ALWAYS October issue. TO BLAME? This is simple enough to In the next issue of answer: no, It’s not always AOPA UK Carol will the pilot’s fault. explain the attributes of Sometimes the aircraft will DODAR how to ensure have a problem, which the you stay safe. • Bourne Park's planning application has been approved

AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot August 2020

General Aviation news from around the world

The VC10 at Bruntingthorpe

VC10 UNDER THREAT A team is trying to ensure the classic VC10 stays in ground-running condition by Henry Simpson However, in 2014 the VC10 would limit them to ground Preservation Group, led by running or becoming a purely "The Airline BRUNTINGTHORPE is former RAF aircrew and static exhibit. History Museum home to a collection of taxi- engineering personnel, came Chris adds that it is hoped capable cold war airframes, together to bring ZD241 that a proposal will be reached based in Kansas many of which are now under back to ground-running by mid July, at which time threat. Earlier this year it condition. Work on the fundraising will begin to City, Missouri is was announced that Cox aircraft culminated in 2018 facilitate the move of ZD241 to Automotive UK had acquired when ZD241 was cleared to its new home. This is likely to helping" C Walton Ltd along with their carry civilian passengers on require substantial fundraising sites, including Bruntingthorpe board during taxi runs, which efforts in a short space of time. It is hoped that at least one Airfield in Leicestershire. Cox supported operational costs. The Airline History Museum of all the VC10s will be saved, Automotive has stated that: The group is considering based in Kansas City, Missouri, but the future of the other “There is no aviation future options including moving is helping gather support for aircraft remains unknown. This for Bruntingthorpe.” This has ZD241 to another – currently the project across the Atlantic includes former RAF Tristars put several of the aircraft there undisclosed – site. This is not with plans for a coordinated that are maintained in storage in jeopardy. Among these is in isolation as the resident fundraising effort with the and have been the subject of a pair of former RAF Super Buccaneer Aviation Group VC10 group. Incidentally the multiple unsuccessful attempts VC10 tankers, a K.4 ZD241 has also opted to move museum is itself also engaged to contract them out in the US. (former British Airways/BOAC its operation and both its in preparing to ferry its own It is worth adding that with G-ASGM) and K.3 ZA147 airframes to Kemble. Of the 727 from Boeing Field in Dunsfold also soon to close, (former East African Airways sites being considered Chris Seattle to Kansas City. Dan the Brooklands owned VC10 5H-MMT). Both aircraft flew Haywood from the group White of Cockpit Creations maintained there is under into Bruntingthorpe upon commented that one site would is creating VC10 designs for threat as well. So now, more their retirement in 2013 and enable the aircraft to continue merchandise in aid of the than ever, efforts are required are owned by GJD Services. its taxi runs, while another site fundraising campaign. to preserve this iconic type. •

AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot August 2020 19

NOMINATE A HERO LOOK BACK... THIS MONTH FOR THE NHS SPITFIRE 61 YEARS AGO by AOPA News Team aircraft is blue Spitfire PL983, for the emotionally charged which, since the pandemic hit messages of support and THE AIRCRAFT Restoration the UK, has been flying around gratitude that we received Company, based at Duxford, local villages to support for that first flight. It was has come up with a way #clapforourcarers. what paved the way for the of saying thank you to “The response was utterly development of the NHS individual NHS workers, and overwhelming,” said a Spitfire project. has launched a JustGiving company spokesperson. “Over the course of the next X-15 ROCKET PLANE campaign to also raise funds “Being around the Spitfires so few months we are going MAKES FIRST FLIGHT for NHS Charities Together. regularly can take for granted to be hand-writing 80,000 On 17 September The company is famous for just what the sight and sound names onto our photo- 1959 the X-15, a joint its restoration services of of this machine means to so reconnaissance blue Spitfire programme between classic aircraft, as well as flying many people. PL983 ‘L’.” NASA, the US Air Force, them. One of its operational “We just weren’t prepared Not just any names. The US Navy and North company wants members of American Aviation, took the public to nominate local flight for the first time heroes – a kind neighbour, from Edwards Air Force family member on the front Base, California. line, volunteer PPE producer, In the joint X-15 or anyone who has helped hypersonic research or inspired through the programme, the aircraft pandemic. flew over a period of To nominate a name, go nearly 10 years and set to the Aircraft Restoration the world’s unofficial Company’s JustGiving page speed and altitude and donate a minimum of £10 records of 4,520 mph along with the name of the (7,274 kph) and 31,120 person and the reason for the m (354,200 feet) The Aircraft Restoration Company's tribute to the NHS nomination. • in a programme to investigate all aspects of piloted hypersonic flight. Information gained from the highly successful X-15 BICESTER AERODROME TO programme contributed to the development of the Mercury, Gemini, and MANAGE THE AIRFIELD Apollo piloted spaceflight by AOPA News Team “Our intention is to remain at the airfield. The programmes as well ensure a viable, dynamic club never entered into any as the Space Shuttle THE BICESTER Aerodrome and accessible future for formal engagement, instead programme. Company is to manage our airfield,” said Dan making a swift decision to Three rocket-powered future aviation operations at Geoghegan, Managing not take up our offer to were built and X-15s the Oxfordshire airfield. The Director of Bicester Motion. continue its activities, which flew a total of 199 times. company replaces Bicester “We will maintain glider was a sad result,” said a Because the nose landing Gliding Club – formerly and powered flight whilst Bicester Motion statement. wheel lacked steering Windrushers – which has aligning with Bicester Bicester Motion hopes and the main landing moved out after failing to Motion’s vision to sustain to encourage companies gear employed skids, the agree an ongoing deal. the operation of past, exploring new aviation X-15 had to land on a dry The former RAF airfield, present and future aviation.” technology, all-electric lake bed. one of ’s oldest and Some of the team at passenger flights and the The Rogers Dry Lake best preserved, is being Bicester Motion plans to use of drones, along with adjacent to Edwards developed by Bicester continue aviation at the the more traditional forms Air Force Base was the Motion, itself a development historic airfield. of air travel, to use the intended location for all of Bicester Heritage which Motion insists the gliding airfield. This future would flights, but there were created a classic car club could have stayed. safeguard flying as part of numerous of other lake industry hub in the restored “We suggested a flexible the plan to regenerate the beds in the are selected ex-RAF buildings. approach to allow them to 444-acre site. • for emergency landings.

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot 20 AOPA NEWS GA News that matters

AOPA NEWS Work has HIGHLIGHTS begun on the de Havilland PILOTS BECOME Mosquito FLIGHT ATTENDANTS Icelandair recently fired all its flight attendants and told pilots they’ll be doing those jobs temporarily. The airline and the FAs had been in a month- long labour dispute and last month the company ended it. “Icelandair will permanently terminate the employment of its current cabin crew members and permanently discontinue the employment relationship between the parties,” the company said in a statement. ICON NAMES NEW TAKE-OFF CLOSER PRESIDENT ICON Aircraft, which produces the A5 amphibious light sport FOR MOSQUITO aircraft, announced that it The Trust has made significant steps in bringing a has named Jason Huang back to the skies its new president. According to the by Henry Simpson impact of COVID-19, efforts US-based company, "Importantly are progressing with formal Huang will oversee all THE MOSQUITO Pathfinder the team is also contracts now in final stages of business functions with Trust has made significant completion. a focus on “maintaining progress over the past working with Whilst acknowledging manufacturing excellence, year in their goal to return that the current pandemic product development and a de Havilland Mosquito the Aircraft temporarily restrains their innovation and providing to UK skies. Their plans fundraising strategy, they an ownership experience are proceeding despite Restoration plan to announce new plans that is second to none.” the untimely death of Glyn Company" for public support and Powell. Glyn was a driving participation in the project as EAG PROPOSES force at Mosquito Aircraft well as a call for more project ELECTRIC AIRLINER Restorations in New Zealand, been responsible for the three ambassadors. The Electric Aviation Group the company that recreated currently airworthy Mosquitos It is great to see that they (EAG) has announced a the Mosquito fuselage and in the United States. are making progress in proposal for a 70-seat wing moulds, enabling them Importantly the team is also fulfilling the goal of returning hybrid-electric airliner, in to be returned to the air. His working with the Aircraft a Mosquito to the skies of the what amounts to “going personal aircraft that remains Restoration Company at UK. big” in next-gen regional under restoration is NZ2308 Duxford led by John Romain, The full update from The airliners. According to the which was originally built in who are contracted to oversee Mosquito Pathfinder Trust can company, “Whilst a number Australia as an FB.40 before the restoration to ensure it be viewed online at: www. of small electric aircraft, being modified to twin stick meets UK CAA Engineering thewoodenwonder.org.uk up to 19 seats, have been T.45 standard, serving with and Compliance regulations. The trust plans to release proposed, their limited the RAAF and then the RNZAF The team conducted further updates including range and small capacity until the type’s retirement in an important audit and photos and video from the will make it difficult for an 1952. It is this aircraft that the assessment of the airframe New Zealand visit, as well as airline to deploy them in trust plans to return to flight and spares in March, before announcing significant news sufficient numbers to have and bring to the UK, working travel restrictions were about the project over the a measurable impact on with both Mosquito Aircraft implemented, and the Trust summer, potentially by the the environment.” Restorations and AvSpecs is pleased to report that time this issue of the magazine in New Zealand, who have despite the industry-wide goes to print. •

AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot August 2020 21 THE RAF IS FLYING THE FLAG by Henry Simpson "The repaint A NEW paint scheme was carried out was recently revealed on the ’s VIP by Marshall transport aircraft, a modified A330 ‘Voyager’ Aerospace and tanker transport. The aircraft, ZZ336, known as ‘Vespina’, Defence" was formerly painted in the same matt grey as the rest of part of the work up for the the voyager fleet but has now carrier HMS Queen Elizabeth. been repainted into a new The RAF is keen to point scheme to fly the flag and out that the flag design is represent the UK across the correct in all aspects as it A patriotic new paint scheme for the RAF's Voyager globe. is convention for the flag to The aircraft, which was appear as though it is flying fitted with business-class from the nose of the aircraft. style seating in 2016, acts as Therefore from the starboard a secure transport for senior side it can be mistaken for members of the Royal Family, appearing backwards or the Prime Minister and other inverted as it is designed to senior cabinet members. be the reverse of the flag. The repaint was carried A photo sortie carried out out by Marshall Aerospace during Exercise Crimson and Defence at Cambridge Ocean provides several Airport. The next day it was stunning pictures of the new back in service in the tanker livery which certainly takes role, supporting Exercise its welcome place alongside Crimson Ocean, refuelling other nations’ VIP fleet RAF Typhoons and F-35s as designs. • The instantly recognisable roundels

FIRST FLIGHT OF THE 716X COMPLETED by AOPA News Team Flown by test pilot Sean designed to cruise at 400 “The aircraft is well van Hatten, the Stratos 716X knots and the first flight harmonised and its STRATOS AIRCRAFT is a spacious six-place jet was a full-power take-off directional stability was announced the first flight with generous space for and climb to 13,500 ft. A very good. I’m looking of its Stratos 716X model baggage. series of manoeuvres were forward to continued flight with a flight that lasted 22 The all-carbon airframe, then conducted to evaluate testing of this new design.” minutes. single-engine jet is handling characteristics. Stratos CTO Carsten The flight is the first of Sundin said: “When we an extensive flight test introduced the Proof of programme that will span Concept 714 aircraft three the next several months. years ago, interest was The Stratos 716X is a tremendous; it was clear multi-role VLJ designed that the market is looking to comfortably seat six for the performance and people to support personal, comfort we were offering, business, and air taxi use. but in a true six-place “The first flight went as aircraft. We have achieved briefed, which is a testament this with the 716X.” to the design quality and The 716X will be offered the professionalism of the as an experimental kit-build crew here at Stratos,” said aircraft while the 716 will be The 716X took to the skies for the first time van Hatten. certified by the FAA. •

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot 22 AGM NEWS Announcement

2020 AOPA ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING Have your say on Tuesday 15 September

THE 54TH Annual General Meeting of email to the AOPA office at least Owners and Pilots Association of UK the British Light Aviation Centre Ltd, 10 days in advance. A statement of will be held using the Zoom video- trading as the Aircraft Owners and willingness to serve will be expected conferencing platform on Tuesday 15 Pilots Association of the UK, will be from the proposed member together September 2020 at held on Tuesday 15 September 2020. with appropriate personal details. 2.00 p.m. In normal times the meeting would be Proxy voting is permitted, either by held at AOPA, 50a Cambridge Street, nominating in writing or by email a AGENDA London, SW1V 4QQ. Since this year member who will be present at the 1. Apologies for absence we find ourselves in extraordinary AGM as proxy, or by nominating the 2. To confirm the Minutes from the times the meeting will be conducted Chairman as proxy. 53rd Annual General Meeting using the Zoom video-conferencing Following the formal business of the 3. To receive and endorse the platform. The meeting will commence meeting, there will be time for informal Directors’ Report and Financial at 2.00 p.m. The formal announcement reports from the Chairman and CEO Statements for the year ended 31 and agenda of the AGM appears and for general discussion. March 2020. below. It is expected that the meeting 4. The election of Directors to the A set of the financial accounts for will finish by 3.30 p.m. It is very Board of Management. The following the year ended 31 March 2020 will be important for planning purposes that Directors are due to retire by rotation: provided in advance of the meeting on members who intend to participate are Martin Robinson, Chris Royle and the AOPA website www.aopa.co.uk requested to let the AOPA office know Pauline Vahey. Martin Robinson and together with the minutes of the 53rd in advance, either by telephone Pauline Vahey offer themselves for AGM and brief personal details of (020 7834 5631), email (info@aopa. re-election. the members offering themselves for co.uk), or by post to AOPA, 50a 5. To appoint as Auditors Messrs election and re-election. These data Cambridge Street, London SW1V Venthams, at a fee to be fixed by the will also be available at the AGM. 4QQ. Board of Management. Any member wishing to elect another The 54th Annual General Meeting 6. To conduct any other business member to the Board of Management of the British Light Aviation Centre that may properly be dealt with at an must provide notice in writing or Limited trading as the Aircraft Annual General Meeting. •

AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot August 2020

24 FEATURE Return of the Sycamore

NJOY THE E F SE L A IG E H L T P AOPA FLYING FEATURE RETURN OF THE SYCAMORE WORDS Henry Simpson IMAGES Henry Simpson and Red Bull Content Pool The Bristol Sycamore had been missing from the UK skies for 46 years, that is until the Red Bull-owned OE-XSY flew it over from its home in Austria for a whistle-stop tour of England. Henry Simpson went to meet the PIC

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N 2018 WE SAW Mk 52 that survives airworthy Schwarz was the pilot on that the return of today. "It was later first flight and indeed is the a truly classic Built in 1957, after its sold to the Flying only pilot in the world qualified I helicopter to retirement from service it to fly the type. He has an the UK’s skies, the sole was sold privately to a Swiss Bulls, who are exceptional record, including airworthy Bristol Sycamore. owner, Peter Schmidt, who being twice FIA Freestyle I spoke to renowned amassed a collection of spare based in Salzburg, Helicopter World Champion helicopter pilot Siegfried parts to allow the aircraft to fly Austria" (in both 2012 and 2015), 'Blacky' Schwarz about again and repainted it into RAF flying the Bo105. I asked its visit and operating the colours in 1988. It was later him how flying the Sycamore vintage helicopter. sold to the Flying Bulls who differs from the more modern The Bristol Sycamore first are based at Salzburg Airport ; he considers that flew in 1947 and became the in Austria, with a collection it differs greatly in handling, first British-built helicopter comprising an exceptional its speed, vibrations and to receive a certificate of array of aircraft in Hangar 7, power output. Of particular airworthiness. The type a museum of innovation and note with handling, “There entered RAF service in machinery owned by Red Bull is no provision to ease the 1953, serving until the final boss Dietrich Mateschitz. With load on the controls so you examples were retired the aircraft and spares in their have to use the Trim wheels. in 1972. The Sycamore hands, restoration to flight Therefore you have huge performed a variety of roles began and it took to the air forces on the controls and including becoming the again on 2 July 2013. they are always changing RAF’s first according to your speed and helicopter and being heavily RETURNING HOME power setting.” He adds that in used during the Malayan After many years of interest a display “you have no hands Emergency for troop transport in seeing the aircraft return to free.” He is however a big fan and casualty evacuation. The British skies the trip was made BELOW CLOCKWISE: The of flying the Sycamore, citing type was also successfully over to the UK in the summer classic Bristol Sycamore the history and provenance exported and it is a former of 2018 to allow the Sycamore returning to the UK skies, in of the aircraft as well as it West (later West to take part in the RAF 100 front of Hangar 7 in Salzburg, being a very pleasant cruising German Air Force) Sycamore celebrations. Siegfried and pilot Blacky Schwarz helicopter: “During cruising

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot 26 FEATURE Return of the Sycamore

The Sycamore flying over Fuschl, a lake in Austria

AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot August 2020 27 flight the helicopter is more four refuelling stops. As other aircraft. Despite being stable than modern helis. If "The aircraft part of its visit to the UK the registered in Austria as OE-XSY the trim is ok you can let go certainly looked Sycamore displayed at the the aircraft certainly looked of the controls and it will keep RAF Cosford Airshow and the part, as it is currently perfect attitude and speed.” the part as it is in visited its birthplace at Weston in the colours of the final Super Mare, now home to Sycamores in RAF service – MAINTAINING THE the colours of the the helicopter museum. The those in transport command SYCAMORE final Sycamores in aircraft also toured other on No.32 Squadron at RAF In terms of maintaining the significant sites, including the Northolt, although it carries a early design, it requires RAF service" museum different registration (XG545) maintenance after every five at the company’s former of an aircraft that ditched in flight hours for a check and home of Filton, as well as the the North Sea in 1957. With greasing, with approximately former Westland factory at such a warm reception Blacky three hours of maintenance Yeovil when taking part in is sure that they will bring for every 10 hours of flight. the RNAS Yeovilton Air Day. the helicopter back to the UK Major control checks, take For Blacky the highlights of again. place with more substantial the trip included meeting The Sycamore’s visit was services every 50 hours. the grandson of Sir George the central part of a wider Siegfried stated that there had White (founder of the Bristol tour of UK airshows by the been interest from shows to Aeroplane Company) and Flying Bulls that year, which see the aircraft in the UK for many people who built and included displays by Blacky many years, and a short tour worked on the Sycamore. in the Bo105 and the first UK of the UK was organised for Blacky said that the aircraft appearance of the Flying Bulls the RAF’s 100th anniversary. had received a very good magnificent DC-6 at Duxford. public reception including The Sycamore’s return LONG TIME COMING “so many people connected comes at a time when several The aircraft arrived in the somehow to the Sycamore.” classic ex-military helicopter UK on 8 June becoming the The aircraft’s final event types are being restored in first Sycamore to fly in the BELOW CLOCKWISE: The in the UK as part of the civilian hands. I look forward UK for 46 years and returned instantly recognisable international celebration to seeing the aircraft return to to Salzburg on 23 July, each design, Blacky at the of the RAF’s centenary at the UK again in the future and trip taking eight hours of controls, and still showing the Royal International Air thank Siegfried Schwarz for his flight time and requiring off her moves Tattoo was amongst 302 contribution to the article. •

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot 28 COVER STORY Pipistrel Velis Electro

Slovenian airplane The maker Pipistrel has just received EASA certification for its Velis Electro – we aircraft take a look at how it that will could revolutionise training…

put WORDS David Rawlings schools IMAGES Pipistrel on the grid

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HE VELIS Electro Pipistrel has worked on The Velis was conceived as is the world’s first electric aviation for many "The Velis was part of Pipistrel’s Velis Training T electric-powered years, and flew its first electric conceived as System, designed to electrify aeroplane to two-seater in 2007. Pipistrel flight training and reduce both receive a Type Certificate went on to win the NASA part of Pipistrel's carbon footprint and cost. from any authority (EASA. Green Flight Challenge in Velis Training The switch to electric power A. 573 TCDS). It is a two- 2011, and has produced nine (stored on board in lithium- seat, single-motor version of different experimental and system, designed ion batteries that Pipistrel the SW 121, serially produced electric designed and produced) which first flew in 1999 and aircraft (the Velis Electro is to reduce carbon reduces the complexity and is powered by a Rotax 912 S3 a certified successor of the footprint and cost" maintenance cost of the engine. Alpha Electro). aircraft.

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot 30 COVER STORY Pipistrel Velis Electro

“The type certification of previously certified either an Tine Tomažič, Pipistrel’s the Pipistrel Velis Electro is electric-powered aircraft or "The Velis Electro Director of Research and the first step towards the any aviation powerplant. was designed Development told AOPA commercial use of electric that the aircraft is full of aircraft, which is needed to TECHNICAL INNOVATIONS to be simple innovations: “The aircraft make emission-free aviation The Velis Electro was features an entirely liquid- feasible. It is considerably designed to be simple to to operate and cooled powertrain, which not quieter than other aeroplanes operate and maintain, maintain, without only allows it to operate in and produces no combustion without compromising safety. hot, cold and rain, but also gases at all,” said Ivo Boscarol, Employing the Pipistrel’s compromising much improves longevity and Pipistrel’s founder and CEO, type-certified electric durability of component life. when he spoke to AOPA engine, the Velis Electro safety" In addition, the battery has UK. “It confirms and provides delivers power instantly and demonstrated compliance optimism, also to other without hesitation – using to the stringent DO-311A electric aircraft designers, that a simplified user interface standard, is HIRF and the Type Certificate of electric in a cockpit that maintains lightning-strike resilient and engines and aeroplanes the same look and feel of crashworthy as demonstrated is possible. The engine, its conventionally powered by drop tests.” which Pipistrel type-certified siblings. The reduced number Boscarol was quick to explain separately, is also available of moving parts dramatically why the Velis Electro trumps to other aircraft OEMs. For decreases maintenance costs traditional trainers. “The main Pipistrel, this achievement and the risk of malfunctions difference between this aircraft injects additional motivation is further minimised thanks and other concepts and for the future eVTOL and to its built-in continuous previously non-type-certified multiseat hydrogen-powered health-monitoring system. aircraft around the world, projects.” This enhanced reliability is that piloting this aircraft The European Union Aviation allows the Velis Electro to is very similar to piloting a Safety Agency approved both have more than double fuel-powered one. The cockpit powerplant and aircraft in less the lifespan of powertrain is the same, the controls are than three years, a remarkable elements in comparison to the identical, instrument panel feat in itself because no previous generation of electric view is the same. The pilot regulator in the world had airplanes. doesn’t need to be an electric

The two-seat high-wing Velis has been conceived to reduce pollution and save schools money

AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot August 2020 31

The Velis has 50 minutes endurance plus reserve

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot 32 COVER STORY Pipistrel Velis Electro

A charge time of more than an hour might make the Velis uneconomical for schools

AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot August 2020 33

Pipistrel states that more than 30 Velis Electros will be delivered before the end of 2020 engineer to understand the and continue its mission.” cause schools to think twice systems and fly the aircraft. All "Pipistrel hasn't Tomažič added that the about whether the Velis is the propulsion management battery charge time is right for them. and the interface between the developed a “typically 45 to 80 minutes, engine and pilot is done by quick swap depending on initial battery FULL ORDER BOOKS the aircraft and the pilot can temperature when charging is Despite these concerns, concentrate only on flying.” system, stating initiated. If the battery is very Pipistrel has already filled that to maintain cold, the system will first warm its order books. “At this CHARGE ON it up, hence the charging time moment we are approaching The main goal for the Velis superior longevity is adjusted.” 50 orders, mainly for schools Electro is to be sold to This causes another but also aero clubs and schools, and those in a highly- of the battery disadvantage, that for every environmentally-friendly populated area will be pleased it developed a hour of flight, the aircraft has organisations, who want as the new aircraft creates to be grounded for an hour to demonstrate quiet and just 60 dBA of noise; with system employing whilst it recharges. Pipistrel emission-free flight. The no pollution, the complaints hasn’t developed a quick largest initial order we have should drop, but there is an liquid cooling swap system, stating that to from Switzerland. In the issue as most lessons last for for the batteries maintain superior longevity past year and half, 25 pilots an hour and the problem for of the battery, it developed of AlpinAirPlanes made the Velis is that the battery which precludes a system employing liquid more than 400 flight hours life is currently 55 minutes, cooling for the batteries, with Velis’s predecessor plus reserves. Boscarol said quick battery which precludes quick battery aircraft, the Alpha Electro. that the Velis is “designed swapping" swapping. “Consider that each AlpinAirPlanes will distribute as a trainer for the initial of the two batteries weighs 12 Velis Electro aircraft over training process, mostly to approximately 70 kg; quick their daily flight schools on 10 fly in traffic patterns. The swapping would necessitate airfields all over Switzerland endurance is sufficient for a additional ground-handling with the goal to offer the standard 45-minute lesson, equipment and introduce most environmentally- and then during the de- potential safety hazard friendly training possible. The briefing, changing the student associated with battery FFA (Fédération Française and briefing of a new one, the dropping on the floor,” Aéronautique, French Civil aircraft can be fully recharged explained Tomažič. This could Aviation Authority) as the

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot 34 COVER STORY Pipistrel Velis Electro

French launch-customer will noise reduction is the other. produces minimum noise and receive their first Velis Electro "We are bringing “Think of this,” said Boscarol. no pollution.” in the next few weeks; as well flight training “In European countries such as Tomažič added to Pipistrel’s as the Swedish Aeroclub of Austria, , France and beliefs by stating: “The Velis Goteborg.” back, even close Switzerland, there are almost Electro is a technological 100 small GA airports, where springboard to Pipistrel’s PHILOSOPHY AND BELIEFS to populated the flight training is forbidden future electric flight products, Pipistrel is no stranger to areas and even during the weekend because which include cargo-delivery innovation in aviation. It’s been of noise! And honestly, who and air-taxi eVTOL vehicles, as the company’s philosophy during weekends, has time to go to lessons well as larger, zero-emission to make aviation more during the working day? But hydrogen-powered 19-seat environmentally friendly. “I because the we are bringing the flight and miniliner and microfeeder have dedicated 30 years of aircraft only training back, even close to commuter-class aircraft.” my life to making the aviation the populated areas and even Production is going to start cleaner and quieter,” said produces 60 dB during weekends, because ramping up. Pipistrel’s plan for Boscarol. “If you look at the the aircraft only produces 60 the rest of 2020 is to deliver Earth from space, you will see of noise" dB of noise – which is only four Velis a month, then from a tiny light-blue belt around it. slightly more than the basic Janaury next year, it will ramp This is our atmosphere. environmental noise – it's up to six aircraft a month. We can survive a few weeks practically inaudible. You don’t The plan is to eventually raise without the food, several know that aircraft is in the air if that number to 10 per month. days without water, but only you don’t see it. And should their order books a few minutes without air. So, We try our best to satisfy continue to fill, Pipistrel can it is a duty of everybody who all the needs of pilots and double their shifts and push can contribute to it in any students. But we must out 20 a month. way, to make sure that our understand also the people It remains to be seen what atmosphere remains as clean on the ground, who don’t care additional testing the FAA as possible. Aviation is the type about aviation at all. They just might require before issuing of transport which is one of the like their peace and quiet. a type certificate for the Velis, biggest polluters in the world. So we must make sure that or if Pipistrel will pursue Making it emission-free will they are not disturbed by that. The company noted contribute to cleaner mobility.” the aircraft in the air above plans to deliver aircraft to 31 Making aviation cleaner is their heads – and that’s why customers before the end of only half of Pipistrel’s attitude, we made an aircraft which the year. •

TECH SPEC Pipistrel Velis Electro

PERFORMANCE Service Ceiling: 3,660 m (12,000 ft) Propeller: Fixed-pitch composite three- Cruising Speed(35 kW): 90 KCAS Endurance: 50 mins (plus VFR reserve) blade, 1.64 m diameter Stall Speed With Flaps: 45 KCAS Max Load Factor @ (1.875): +4g -2g Stall Speed Without Flaps: 51 KCAS WEIGHTS Max Climb Rate: 3,3 m/s (647 fpm) POWERPLANT Empty Weight: 428 kg (941 lbs) Take-off Run (grass): 246 m (807 ft) Engine: Pipistrel E-811 EASA MTOW: 600 kg (1320 lbs) Take-off Run (asphalt): 241 m (791 ft) Max power: 57.6 kW MTOP Payload: 172 kg (378 lbs)

AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot August 2020 35

Pipistrel remains one of the most innovative aviation companies in Europe

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot 36 FEATURE Gliding Sites

AND GU G ID IN A IN N A C R E T AOPA TRAINING FEATURE CHANGES TO GLIDING SITES WORDS Nick Wilcock IMAGES Various Make sure you stay inside the law and fly legally with the recent changes to certain airspace – Nick Wilcock explains…

AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot August 2020 37

N 2014, due to fly over a notified gliding site in the ENR 5.5 section of the issues with the below the promulgated altitude "It must also be UK AIP; although AOPA has Vigilant SLMG, to which cable launches might remembered that recommended that it should I Air Cadet flying be expected, which are clearly be included, it seems that it was ‘paused’ until a future marked on CAA charts. The gliding activity will may only be included in the solution was identified. Most effect of a collision with a winch aerodrome section of the AIP, sites ceased flying for several cable both to the glider under not necessarily be but as RAF is years, but since spring 2017 launch and to a light aircraft contained within a military aerodrome, it isn’t ATC gliding has made a very is obvious; although the glider listed in the UK AIP. However, welcome return, we are glad will probably be able to release the promulgated nowadays the UK Mil AIP is to report. and make a safe landing, the freely available at https:// But with one very significant cable will slice through light launch site" www.aidu.mod.uk/aip , so if difference. Rather than SLMGs, aircraft structure like a hot you intend to fly in the vicinity the Air Cadets now use winch- knife through butter and the of military aerodromes, we launched Grob G103A Twin II occupants will be very unlikely recommend that you check the Acro ‘Viking’ gliders. Unlike the to survive. relevant aerodrome entry. aged wooden wonders such It must also be remembered Note also that if a NOTAM is as the T-31 Tandem Tutor (or that gliding activity will not raised for an event such as an Timber Terror, if you prefer) necessarily be contained within intensive training week at an Air on which I learned to glide, the promulgated launch site, Cadet gliding site, unfortunately which were often hauled aloft particularly if good soaring the rules governing NOTAM by piano wire dragged behind conditions are available. For submission only permit the an ageing Mk VII Jaguar (or example, although RAF Little RAF to notify activation of the the like) up to a launch height Rissington is a notified gliding site within the promulgated of about 8–900 ft, today’s site with a 2 nm radius and a dimensions of the gliding site high-performance Vikings cable hazard of 2,800 ft amsl, itself rather than including the are launched on cables up to according to the UK Mil AIP maximum altitude to which around 2,000 ft agl by very gliders may be encountered gliding activity might be taking powerful winches. within a 5 nm radius of the site place. So if you plan to fly in It is absolutely essential that at up to 8,000 ft. Incidentally, Airspace around Air Cadets' the vicinity, a courtesy phone aircraft must on no account this information isn’t included gliding sites has changed call to the number included

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot 38 FEATURE Gliding Sites in the NOTAM may well prove Firstly, the Aircrew Regulation 12 hours of flight time as PIC "We are very mutually beneficial. now states at AMC1 FCL.140.A, or flying dual or solo under the Although Air Cadet gliders FCL.140.H and FCL.740.A supervision of an instructor, pleased to see are equipped with FLARM, few (b) (1)(ii) that training flight including: 12 take-offs and GA aircraft use this electronic items should be based on the landings; refresher training of at the return of Air conspicuity system. So we have exercise items of the associated least 1 hour of total flight time Cadet gliders to recommended to HQ 2FTS that proficiency check, as deemed with an instructor; the feasibility of fitting self- relevant by the instructor (2) they have passed a LAPL(A) our skies, but GA contained low-power ADS-B and depending on the proficiency check with an devices such as SkyEcho2 experience of the candidate. examiner. The proficiency check pilots must ensure to Viking gliders should be The briefing should include programme shall be based on that they give the considered, in order to improve a discussion on Threat and the skill test for the LAPL(A); conspicuity and to reduce the Error Management with special (b) If holders of a LAPL(A) hold glider launch sites risk of collision. emphasis on decision-making both a SEP(land) and a SEP(sea) We are very pleased to see when encountering adverse privilege, they may comply with a wide berth" the return of Air Cadet gliders meteorological conditions or the requirements in point (a)(1) to our skies, but GA pilots must unintentional IMC, as well as on in either class or a combination ensure that they give glider navigation flight capabilities. But thereof which shall be valid launch sites a wide berth. Most the recommendations of the for both privileges. For this sites monitor promulgated VHF article are extant and comply purpose, at least 1 hour of the frequencies, in the case of RAF with the AMC. required flight time and 6 out Little Rissington 120.775 MHz, LAPL recency requirements of the required 12 take-offs and so if you really need to fly close were amended in October 2019 landings shall be completed in to the site then a quick radio and are now: each class. call may well be of benefit. • FCL.140.A LAPL(A) – Recency Flight time on Annex 1(e) requirements 3-axis microlights may also CORRECTIONS (a) Holders of a LAPL(A) shall be counted towards the flight Due to the amendment of exercise the privileges of their time, except for refresher flight certain EASA regulations since licence only if in the last 2 training with an instructor Carol Cooper and Mike Derrett’s years they have met any of the which must be conducted on article in June’s edition of our following conditions as pilots of SEP/TMG aeroplanes; this may Make sure you give a quick magazine, a couple of topics aeroplanes or TMGs: include CS-LSA EASA certified radio call before you fly close now require correction: (1) they have completed at least Light Sport Aircraft. • to a glider site

AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot August 2020 39 NEW AOPA ONLINE TRAINING COURSES AOPA is proud to announce “That’s why we developed For the student pilot, the promoted by any organisation to a brand new online system this online system to satisfy system includes the nine their pilots or students. Several for both licensed and student the requirements for Training required subjects for the PPL members are already seeing pilots, that also helps Organisations, Student Pilots (all as separate courses), and fantastic results from pilots and instructors. and fully-fledged Pilots. Full includes realistic mock exams students using this system. Nigel Willson (AOPA Training qualified instructor support (in the same style and format The system is user-centric; & Education Committee) is included. The system also as the new CAA PPL e-exams it works across all devices explains: “In present times, it is provides explanations to which are imminent). The system irrespective of operating system. important to remind existing questions and answers for also automatically produces It has superb end-user support pilots (and teach student pilots) progress tests and course a theoretical examination at both a technical and course the correct current procedures, exams”, Nigel adds. readiness certificate for a material level. The AOPA system regulations, techniques and best The AOPA Ground School site student to present to their is brought to you in association practices. Additionally, Training includes courses that all pilots training organisation to allow the with Easy PPL Ground School. Organisations sometimes find really ought to take a look at. official exam to be undertaken. The site has a wealth of it difficult to offer a coherent These include the Infringement Nigel explains further that useful information available to Ground School infrastructure Avoidance Course, the Best through using the AOPA system, everyone straight away. Free to guide students through Navigation Practices Course, and pilots are helping themselves registration is required to enable the theoretical knowledge for those who want to ensure and AOPA as an organisation. courses to be undertaken via a aspects in a timely manner their knowledge is up to date: “The system is not restricted to simple, straight forward process. that complements their flying the PPL Updater Course. AOPA members; it is available You have nothing to lose in training. The system offers a range of to everyone. That way, people registering on this system and “Of equal importance, courses for things such as the can see the good work being doing the FREE COURSES. We existing pilots seldom have the Night Rating and Restricted done by AOPA, and the value of think you’ll like the easy-going inclination to go back to Ground Instrument Rating (IRR – or becoming a member as a result. style so much, you’ll be back to School in a club or training IMC). All of the courses offered Even those courses that have a increase your knowledge further environment. And yet it is vital include practical application and fee are not going to break the in other subjects. that they remain up to speed best practice, and not just the bank”! Fees are typically £9.99 for with changes in all of these knowledge required to pass a one month's access to a course. For more information, visit: previously mentioned areas.” given test or exam. The new AOPA system may be groundschool.aopa.co.uk. •

August 2020 AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot 40 TECH AND BOOKS Latest products and books

3X TOUCH APPROVED What G3X Touch From Garmin

GARMIN has received European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) certification of the G3X Touch™ flight display for hundreds of single- engine certificated aircraft. The G3X Touch offers a variety of scalable panel configurations and a superior feature set that includes wireless MORE BLING connectivity and synthetic vision as standard, as well as advanced FROM BREITLING features such as display The all-purpose sports watch for every pursuit redundancy, advanced autopilot compatibility, What Chronomat watch been developed and among people whose engine monitoring and From Breitling launched in 1983 adventures took more. in collaboration place not only in Carl Wolf, Vice President THE NEW Breitling with the famed the air, but also of Aviation Sales and Chronomat is an all- Italian aerial on land and at Marketing, said: “As a purpose sports watch. squadron of sea – above trusted leader in avionics, Its features recall the the same name, and below the we’re excited to offer classic namesake from the Chronomat surface. In fact, this game-changing the 1980s and make it celebrated its versatility system to aircraft owners instantly recognisable. The Breitling’s added to who are ambitious to eye-catching Rouleaux centenary in its allure as pursue a flight display bracelet with a butterfly style and marked its tachymeter upgrade, giving them clasp perfectly expresses the return of attracted the interest an opportunity to take Breitling’s modern-retro the mechanical of Formula One teams. advantage of the safety style, as does the signature chronograph on Breitling had used and redundancy benefits rotating bezel with rider which the brand had the name Chronomat for of a Garmin glass display tabs. The new Chronomat built its global reputation some of its 1940s watches, system.” celebrates a significant time to its rightfully prominent and, in those days, the The G3X flight display is in Breitling’s history while place. This technical legacy, word was a portmanteau available immediately and projecting a clear vision for combined with stylish of 'chronograph for approved for installation the future. design codes, made the mathematics'. The 1984 in hundreds of single- When the Breitling Chronomat the ultimate Chronomat expressed engine piston aircraft in Chronomat was launched sport-chic watch of its era, something different: Europe. Prices start at a in 1984, it marked a return an expression of aesthetics 'chronograph' and list price of $7,995 for a to mechanical Swiss and confidence that made 'automatic', a name that single 7-inch display and watches, which had all but the chronograph cool again. called attention to the $9,995 for a 10.6-inch disappeared when quartz While the Chronomat self-winding mechanics display. watches dominated the has long been established powering the watch. • marketplace in the 1970s. as the watch of choice Where garmin.com Inspired by the Frecce for aviators, it also found Where breitling.com Price $7,995 Tricolori watch, which had a passionate following Price £6,650

AOPA Aircraft Owner and Pilot August 2020 41 THE LIVES OF AIR FORCE PILOTS In this third volume of obituaries of airmen that served in the military, author Commodore Graham Pitchfork tells their amazing life stories

Author Commodore Auxiliary. Civilians’ tales director of Air Warfare, and Graham Pitchfork include the story of before retiring was director GNSS courageous Captain Jim of Military Intelligence at TWELVE YEARS since The Futcher whose VC-10 was the MoD. He is the author of KNOWLEDGE Daily Telegraph Airmen’s hijacked by Palestinian several successful aviation Author Zheng Yao, Obituaries Book Two was terrorists in November books, including Mingquan Lu published, Air Commodore 1974. As seen in preceding Buccaneer Boys for Grub Graham Pitchfork has editions, Book Three Street. This book systematically compiled ninety-one commemorates the lives In 2012 Commodore discusses the signal obituaries of outstanding of an exceptional group Pitchfork received the design theory and aviators. of individuals and reminds Guild of Air Pilots and Air technologies for next- With a focus on personnel the reader of the talent and Navigators Award and generation satellite from a range of air forces, experience we have lost the Air Power Association navigation systems. It including the RAF, USAF from the world of aviation. Award of the CP Robertson provides comprehensive (), Air Commodore Graham Trophy for services to information on the basic RCAF (Royal Canadian Pitchfork spent thirty- aviation writing. • concept, theory, and key Air Force), RNZAF (Royal six years in the RAF as a technologies employed in New Zealand Air Force) navigator, and commanded Where grubstreet.co.uk satellite navigation system and SAAF (South African 208 Squadron. He was Price £14.99 signal design. Starting Air Force), there are a from the basic elements number of fascinating and of the navigation signal, it distinguished lives to read combines traditional and about. advanced technologies Those featured include into an organic whole, MRAF Sir Michael Beetham, offering readers a the longest-serving Chief complete system for of Air Staff in the RAF signal design. Thanks (apart from its founder to its rich content and Lord Trenchard); Brigadier clear structure, it is well General Paul Tibbets who suited as a reference commanded the USAAF guide for researchers and bomber Enola Gay, engineers in the fields which dropped the atom of satellite navigation, bomb on Hiroshima on 6 positioning, etc. The August, 1945; and Wing book can also be used Commander ‘Dal’ Russel, a as teaching material or highly decorated wartime supplemental reading Canadian fighter pilot material by professors whose logbook recorded and graduate students kills in the Battle of Britain alike. and the Normandy invasion. Both authors have a PhD There is also Lettice Curtis, in electrical engineering the first woman qualified to and have been working fly a four-engine bomber on GNSS receivers, and who, by the end of modelling and simulation the Second World War, as well as signal design had flown over 400 heavy and processing. bombers, 150 Mosquitos and hundreds of Hurricanes Where amazon.co.uk and Spitfires as part of her Price £149.99 role in the Air Transport

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