NHES 4th Grade Test Date: Friday, Oct 27th
Energy, Force, Motion Study Guide
(Remember to get your study guide signed. Bring it back on the day of the test for bonus points )
Acceleration – an increase in objects velocity Equilibrium – a state of balance where opposite forces cancel each other out (balanced forces) Force- something that changes an objects state of rest or motion Friction- a force when two objects rub against each other Gravity- a force that pulls objects towards the center of the earth Kinetic Energy- Energy in motion Momentum- a tendency of an object to keep moving when it’s in motion Potential Energy- stored energy Velocity- the speed and direction of a moving object Physics- the study of energy and matter Non Renewable Resource- are resources for which there is a limited supply *Examples: fossil fuels such as coal, gas, oil Renewable Resource- is a resource which can be used repeatedly and replaced naturally *Examples: oxygen, fresh water, solar energy, timber, and biomass Energy Transformation- when energy changes its form whenever it is used to do work Energy Transfer- when energy is moved from one place to another
Newton’s Three Laws of Motion: Law # 1 - an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted on by an outside force Law # 2- the greater the mass, the more force it takes to move an object Law # 3- for every action, there is an opposite and equal reaction
NHES 4th Grade Test Date: Friday, Oct 27th
Energy, Force, Motion Study Guide
Forms of Energy and Examples:
mechanical energy – a car moving thermal (heat) energy- a fire light energy- flashlight chemical energy- striking a match electrical energy- power lines sound energy- ringing a bell nuclear energy- nuclear power plant radiant energy- microwave gravitational energy- water going over a cliff….a waterfall
Law of Conservation of Energy: Energy can be neither created nor destroyed. It can be converted to one form from another
Think About: 1. the advantages and disadvantages to using solar energy to generate electricity 2. the difference between energy transfer and energy transformation. give an example 3. recall the Sheep in the Jeep activity we did in class: Does the height of the ramp affect the distance the jeep rolls down the ramp? explain 4. recall the Sheep in the Jeep activity we did in class: Does the surface of the floor affect the distance the jeep rolls? explain