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A Brief Introduction to Aspect-Oriented Programming
R R R A Brief Introduction to Aspect-Oriented Programming" R R Historical View Of Languages" R •# Procedural language" •# Functional language" •# Object-Oriented language" 1 R R Acknowledgements" R •# Zhenxiao Yang" •# Gregor Kiczales" •# Eclipse website for AspectJ (www.eclipse.org/aspectj) " R R Procedural Language" R •# Also termed imperative language" •# Describe" –#An explicit sequence of steps to follow to produce a result" •# Examples: Basic, Pascal, C, Fortran" 2 R R Functional Language" R •# Describe everything as a function (e.g., data, operations)" •# (+ 3 4); (add (prod 4 5) 3)" •# Examples" –# LISP, Scheme, ML, Haskell" R R Logical Language" R •# Also termed declarative language" •# Establish causal relationships between terms" –#Conclusion :- Conditions" –#Read as: If Conditions then Conclusion" •# Examples: Prolog, Parlog" 3 R R Object-Oriented Programming" R •# Describe " –#A set of user-defined objects " –#And communications among them to produce a (user-defined) result" •# Basic features" –#Encapsulation" –#Inheritance" –#Polymorphism " R R OOP (cont$d)" R •# Example languages" –#First OOP language: SIMULA-67 (1970)" –#Smalltalk, C++, Java" –#Many other:" •# Ada, Object Pascal, Objective C, DRAGOON, BETA, Emerald, POOL, Eiffel, Self, Oblog, ESP, POLKA, Loops, Perl, VB" •# Are OOP languages procedural? " 4 R R We Need More" R •# Major advantage of OOP" –# Modular structure" •# Potential problems with OOP" –# Issues distributed in different modules result in tangled code." –# Example: error logging, failure handling, performance -
Emacspeak — the Complete Audio Desktop User Manual
Emacspeak | The Complete Audio Desktop User Manual T. V. Raman Last Updated: 19 November 2016 Copyright c 1994{2016 T. V. Raman. All Rights Reserved. Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this manual without charge provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies. Short Contents Emacspeak :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1 Copyright ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2 2 Announcing Emacspeak Manual 2nd Edition As An Open Source Project ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 3 3 Background :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 4 4 Introduction ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 6 5 Installation Instructions :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 7 6 Basic Usage. ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 9 7 The Emacspeak Audio Desktop. :::::::::::::::::::::::: 19 8 Voice Lock :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 22 9 Using Online Help With Emacspeak. :::::::::::::::::::: 24 10 Emacs Packages. ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 26 11 Running Terminal Based Applications. ::::::::::::::::::: 45 12 Emacspeak Commands And Options::::::::::::::::::::: 49 13 Emacspeak Keyboard Commands. :::::::::::::::::::::: 361 14 TTS Servers ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 362 15 Acknowledgments.::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 366 16 Concept Index :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 367 17 Key Index ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 368 Table of Contents Emacspeak :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 1 Copyright ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: -
The Machine That Builds Itself: How the Strengths of Lisp Family
Khomtchouk et al. OPINION NOTE The Machine that Builds Itself: How the Strengths of Lisp Family Languages Facilitate Building Complex and Flexible Bioinformatic Models Bohdan B. Khomtchouk1*, Edmund Weitz2 and Claes Wahlestedt1 *Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract 1Center for Therapeutic Innovation and Department of We address the need for expanding the presence of the Lisp family of Psychiatry and Behavioral programming languages in bioinformatics and computational biology research. Sciences, University of Miami Languages of this family, like Common Lisp, Scheme, or Clojure, facilitate the Miller School of Medicine, 1120 NW 14th ST, Miami, FL, USA creation of powerful and flexible software models that are required for complex 33136 and rapidly evolving domains like biology. We will point out several important key Full list of author information is features that distinguish languages of the Lisp family from other programming available at the end of the article languages and we will explain how these features can aid researchers in becoming more productive and creating better code. We will also show how these features make these languages ideal tools for artificial intelligence and machine learning applications. We will specifically stress the advantages of domain-specific languages (DSL): languages which are specialized to a particular area and thus not only facilitate easier research problem formulation, but also aid in the establishment of standards and best programming practices as applied to the specific research field at hand. DSLs are particularly easy to build in Common Lisp, the most comprehensive Lisp dialect, which is commonly referred to as the “programmable programming language.” We are convinced that Lisp grants programmers unprecedented power to build increasingly sophisticated artificial intelligence systems that may ultimately transform machine learning and AI research in bioinformatics and computational biology. -
Continuation Join Points
Continuation Join Points Yusuke Endoh, Hidehiko Masuhara, Akinori Yonezawa (University of Tokyo) 1 Background: Aspects are reusable in AspectJ (1) Example: A generic logging aspect can log user inputs in a CUI program by defining a pointcut Login Generic Logging id = readLine(); Aspect Main CUI Aspect cmd = readLine(); pointcut input(): call(readLine()) logging return value 2 Background: Aspects are reusable in AspectJ (2) Example: A generic logging aspect can also log environment variable by also defining a pointcut Q. Now, if we want to log environment variable (getEnv) …? Generic Logging Aspect A. Merely concretize an aspect additionally Env Aspect CUI Aspect pointcut input(): pointcut input(): Aspect reusability call(getEnv()) call(readLine()) 3 Problem: Aspects are not as reusable as expected Example: A generic logging aspect can NOT log inputs in a GUI program by defining a pointcut Login Generic Logging void onSubmit(id) Aspect { … } Main void onSubmit(cmd) GUI Aspect { … } pointcut Input(): call(onSubmit(Str)) logging arguments 4 Why can’t we reuse the aspect? Timing of advice execution depends on both advice modifiers and pointcuts Logging Aspect (inner) Generic Logging abstract pointcut: input(); Aspect after() returning(String s) : input() { Log.add(s); } unable to change to before 5 Workaround in AspectJ is awkward: overview Required changes for more reusable aspect: generic aspect (e.g., logging) two abstract pointcuts, two advice decls. and an auxiliary method concrete aspects two concrete pointcuts even if they are not needed 6 Workaround in AspectJ is awkward: how to define generic aspect Simple Logging Aspect 1. define two pointcuts abstract pointcut: inputAfter(); for before and after abstract pointcut: inputBefore(); after() returning(String s) : inputAfter() { log(s); } 2. -
GNU Emacs Manual
GNU Emacs Manual GNU Emacs Manual Sixteenth Edition, Updated for Emacs Version 22.1. Richard Stallman This is the Sixteenth edition of the GNU Emacs Manual, updated for Emacs version 22.1. Copyright c 1985, 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being \The GNU Manifesto," \Distribution" and \GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE," with the Front-Cover texts being \A GNU Manual," and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled \GNU Free Documentation License." (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: \You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development." Published by the Free Software Foundation 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA ISBN 1-882114-86-8 Cover art by Etienne Suvasa. i Short Contents Preface ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1 Distribution ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2 Introduction ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 5 1 The Organization of the Screen :::::::::::::::::::::::::: 6 2 Characters, Keys and Commands ::::::::::::::::::::::: 11 3 Entering and Exiting Emacs ::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 15 4 Basic Editing -
10 Keyboard/Keypad Page (0X07) This Section Is the Usagepage for Key Codes to Be Used in Implementing a USB Keyboard
54 Universal Serial Bus HID Usage Tables 10 Keyboard/Keypad Page (0x07) This section is the UsagePage for key codes to be used in implementing a USB keyboard. A Boot Keyboard (84-, 101- or 104-key) should at a minimum support all associated usage codes as indicated in the “Boot” column below. The usage type of all key codes is Selectors (Sel), except for the modifier keys Keyboard Left Control (0x224) to Keyboard Right GUI (0x231) which are Dynamic Flags (DV). Note A general note on Usages and languages: Due to the variation of keyboards from language to language, it is not feasible to specify exact key mappings for every language. Where this list is not specific for a key function in a language, the closest equivalent key position should be used, so that a keyboard may be modified for a different language by simply printing different keycaps. One example is the Y key on a North American keyboard. In Germany this is typically Z. Rather than changing the keyboard firmware to put the Z Usage into that place in the descriptor list, the vendor should use the Y Usage on both the North American and German keyboards. This continues to be the existing practice in the industry, in order to minimize the number of changes to the electronics to accommodate other languages. Table 12: Keyboard/Keypad Page Ref: Typical AT-101 Usage ID Usage ID Usage Name Position PC- MacUNI Boot (Dec) (Hex) AT X 0 00 Reserved (no event indicated)9 N/A 4/101/104 1 01 Keyboard ErrorRollOver9 N/A 4/101/104 2 02 Keyboard POSTFail9 N/A 4/101/104 3 03 Keyboard ErrorUndefined9 -
Xcode Package from App Store
KH Computational Physics- 2016 Introduction Setting up your computing environment Installation • MAC or Linux are the preferred operating system in this course on scientific computing. • Windows can be used, but the most important programs must be installed – python : There is a nice package ”Enthought Python Distribution” http://www.enthought.com/products/edudownload.php – C++ and Fortran compiler – BLAS&LAPACK for linear algebra – plotting program such as gnuplot Kristjan Haule, 2016 –1– KH Computational Physics- 2016 Introduction Software for this course: Essentials: • Python, and its packages in particular numpy, scipy, matplotlib • C++ compiler such as gcc • Text editor for coding (for example Emacs, Aquamacs, Enthought’s IDLE) • make to execute makefiles Highly Recommended: • Fortran compiler, such as gfortran or intel fortran • BLAS& LAPACK library for linear algebra (most likely provided by vendor) • open mp enabled fortran and C++ compiler Useful: • gnuplot for fast plotting. • gsl (Gnu scientific library) for implementation of various scientific algorithms. Kristjan Haule, 2016 –2– KH Computational Physics- 2016 Introduction Installation on MAC • Install Xcode package from App Store. • Install ‘‘Command Line Tools’’ from Apple’s software site. For Mavericks and lafter, open Xcode program, and choose from the menu Xcode -> Open Developer Tool -> More Developer Tools... You will be linked to the Apple page that allows you to access downloads for Xcode. You wil have to register as a developer (free). Search for the Xcode Command Line Tools in the search box in the upper left. Download and install the correct version of the Command Line Tools, for example for OS ”El Capitan” and Xcode 7.2, Kristjan Haule, 2016 –3– KH Computational Physics- 2016 Introduction you need Command Line Tools OS X 10.11 for Xcode 7.2 Apple’s Xcode contains many libraries and compilers for Mac systems. -
Emacspeak User's Guide
Emacspeak User's Guide Jennifer Jobst Revision History Revision 1.3 July 24,2002 Revised by: SDS Updated the maintainer of this document to Sharon Snider, corrected links, and converted to HTML Revision 1.2 December 3, 2001 Revised by: JEJ Changed license to GFDL Revision 1.1 November 12, 2001 Revised by: JEJ Revision 1.0 DRAFT October 19, 2001 Revised by: JEJ This document helps Emacspeak users become familiar with Emacs as an audio desktop and provides tutorials on many common tasks and the Emacs applications available to perform those tasks. Emacspeak User's Guide Table of Contents 1. Legal Notice.....................................................................................................................................................1 2. Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................2 2.1. What is Emacspeak?.........................................................................................................................2 2.2. About this tutorial.............................................................................................................................2 3. Before you begin..............................................................................................................................................3 3.1. Getting started with Emacs and Emacspeak.....................................................................................3 3.2. Emacs Command Conventions.........................................................................................................3 -
Emacs Quick Reference
EmacsQuickReference Page1of4 EmacsQuick Emacs-Ring-SiteNumber27 Reference [NextSite|SkipNextSite|PreviousSite|SkipPreviousSite|ListSites| Home] ByPaulSeamons Notation ItisimportanttounderstandthenotationcommonlyusedinEmacsdocumentation.MostofthecommandsusedinEmacsconsistofamodifierkey,in conjuctionwithoneormoreotherkeys.Thefollowingarethecommonmodifierkeys: CTRL -(C)- TheCONTROLkey. META -(M)- DependingupontheterminalthisistheALTkey.YoumayalsousetheESCkeytosendMETA. ESC -(ESC)- TheESCAPEkey. SHIFT -(S)- TheSHIFTkey. InEmacsdocumentationitiscommontouseanabbreviatedsyntaxwhendescribingkeysequences.Insteadoftyping CTRL-xCTRL-c Youwouldtype C-xC-c ThiswouldrepresentholdingdowntheCONTROLkeyandpressingtheletterx,andthenholdingdowntheCONTROLkeyandpressingtheletterc. (M-C-\wouldrepresentholdingdownthetheALTkeyandCONTROLkeyandpressingthe"\"key.YoucouldalsopressandreleasetheESCAPEkey holddowntheCONTROLkeyandtypethe"\"key.) Thefollowingisatableofnotationforotherkeyboardcharacters. BACKSPC TheBACKSPACEkey. SPC TheSPACEbar. ENTER TheEnterkey. RET TheEnterkey. TAB TheTABkey. InsertMode? ThisisalargeplacewhereEmacsdiffersfromtheVieditor.InViyouareeitherinInsertModeoryouarenot.Inordertoexecutecommandsotherthan keyinsertionyouneedtobeoutofInsertionMode.ByusingCTRLtoescapethekeysequences,Emacsallowsyoutousethecommandsatanypoint inyoursession.Forexample,ifyouareinViandareinsertingtextyouwouldhavetotypethefollowingkeysequencetosaveyourfileandreturnto InsertMode: ESC:wi InEmacs(whichisessentiallyalwaysin"InsertMode")youwouldtypethefollowing: C-xC-s Whenviewedfromtheinsertionmodeviewpoint,Vidoesn'treallysaveanykeystrokesoverEmacsasiscommonlyclaimedbyreligiousViadvocates. -
The Linux Users' Guide
The Linux Users' Guide Copyright c 1993, 1994, 1996 Larry Greenfield All you need to know to start using Linux, a free Unix clone. This manual covers the basic Unix commands, as well as the more specific Linux ones. This manual is intended for the beginning Unix user, although it may be useful for more experienced users for reference purposes. i UNIX is a trademark of X/Open MS-DOS and Microsoft Windows are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation OS/2 and Operating System/2 are trademarks of IBM X Window System is a trademark of X Consortium, Inc. Motif is a trademark of the Open Software Foundation Linux is not a trademark, and has no connection to UNIX, Unix System Labratories, or to X/Open. Please bring all unacknowledged trademarks to the attention of the author. Copyright c Larry Greenfield 427 Harrison Avenue Highland Park, NJ 08904 [email protected] Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copes of this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all copies. Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided also that the sections that reprint \The GNU General Public License", \The GNU Library General Public License", and other clearly marked sections held under seperate copyright are reproduced under the conditions given within them, and provided that the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a permission notice identical to this one. Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this manual into another language under the conditions for modified versions. -
PC Basics Bronze Level
PC Basics Bronze Level Keyboard Call us on 03333 444019 Learning Guide Getting Started: Using the Keyboard The Keyboard is, along with the mouse, vital to controlling your computer. Keyboards work by translating your keystrokes into a signal that a computer can understand. Keyboards usually have a standard layout but there are some “special keys” and “shortcuts” which are helpful to know about: Light sensors (for Tab Key Function Keys Delete Number Lock and Caps Lock) Escape Caps Lock Backspace Space Bar Number Keys Shift Enter Control Alt Arrow Keys Menu Key Windows Key Tip : The keyboard shown above is the FULL version that would come as a separate piece of equipment when you have a DESKTOP computer. The keyboard that is built-in on LAPTOPS is sometimes a smaller version of the one above. Please see over for a full explanation of all the above keys and buttons… Learning Guide Keyboard Commands Tab: Tab is used to advance the cursor to the next “tab spot”, which could be in a form (on the Internet) or in a letter (word processor) Caps Lock: Locks the keyboard so that anything you type is in CAPITAL LETTERS. Usually the computer shows some kind of warning that you have pressed this key e.g. a light on the keyboard Shift: Holding down the Shift key (usually denoted with a ↑on the key) has a number of uses, both to type capital letters and to access the symbols on the upper part of a key, e.g. the £ sign above the number 3. There are Shift keys on both sides of the keyboard. -
Failed to Download the Gnu Archive Emacs 'Failed to Download `Marmalade' Archive', but I See the List in Wireshark
failed to download the gnu archive emacs 'Failed to download `marmalade' archive', but I see the list in Wireshark. I've got 129 packets from marmalade-repo.org , many of which list Marmalade package entries, in my Wireshark log. I'm not behind a proxy and HTTP_PROXY is unset. And ELPA (at 'http://tromey.com/elpa/') works fine. I'm on Max OS X Mavericks, all-up-to-date, with Aquamacs, and using the package.el (byte-compiled) as described here: http://marmalade- repo.org/ (since I am on < Emacs 24). What are the next troubleshooting steps I should take? 1 Answer 1. I've taken Aaron Miller's suggestion and fully migrated to the OS X port of Emacs 24.3 . I do miss being able to use the 'command' key to go to the top of the current file, and the slightly smoother gui of Aquamacs, but it's no doubt a great port. Due to the issue with Marmalade, Emacs 23.4 won't work with some of the packages I now need (unless they were hand-built). Installing ELPA Package System for Emacs 23. This page is a guide on installing ELPA package system package.el for emacs 23. If you are using emacs 24, see: Emacs: Install Package with ELPA/MELPA. (type Alt + x version or in terminal emacs --version .) To install, paste the following in a empty file: then call eval-buffer . That will download the file and place it at. (very neat elisp trick! note to self: url-retrieve-synchronously is bundled with emacs 23.