Value Chain Study of Tomato Ranchi, Jharkhand
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Value Chain Study of Tomato Of Ranchi, Jharkhand 2017-18 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It gives us great pleasure to present the report, ‘Value Chain Study of tomato of Ranchi, Jharkhand’ for the year 2017-18. We extend our heartiest thanks to all the stakeholders involved in providing inputs which have gone into the formulation of this report. At the outset, we would like to thank the Indian Agribusiness Systems Limited for undertaking this study. Their professional approach right from initiation, execution and submission of the report is highly appreciated. We would also like to thank all stakeholders for the study including Mission Director, Department of Horticulture, Government of Jharkhand , Department of Agriculture, Ranchi District, APMC officials, market intermediaries and tomato farmers across Ranchi district. Their inputs, feedback and suggestions have been invaluable in identifying gaps and formulating actionable recommendations for this report. We gratefully extend our appreciation to NHRDF official head office Delhi Dr. S.K Singh Deputy Director (S),. Mr, Dr, Shard Tiwari STO(H) )Mr. Sudhir Kumar Singh Project Coordinator, NHRDF and Patna NHRDF centre officials and staff for sparing their valuable time to guide us during the entire project duration. We also appreciate the help provided Deputy Director, Horticulture, Ranchi, Dr. A.K. Mishra, DHO, Ranchi and his officials during the study. We sincerely hope and believe that the findings and recommendations of this report will help to further the cause of Honorable Prime Minister’s vision of doubling farmers’ income by 2022 as well as provide relevant insights in dovetailing to the recently initiated ‘Operation Greens’ under the Union Budget 2018-19. We believe this report will serve as a valuable resource, providing the necessary framework to inform various stakeholders across the tomato value chain in Jharkhand as well as other states across India updating of live hood at farmer. ( Dr,P.K. Gupta) Director NHRDF Page | i Table of Contents Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................ i 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Objectives of the study ....................................................................................................... 3 2 Approach and Methodology ...................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Mapping the value chain .................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Approach ........................................................................................................................... 6 2.3 Designing the study ............................................................................................................ 7 2.4 Methodology ..................................................................................................................... 8 2.4.1 Sample design ............................................................................................................ 9 2.4.2 Primary data analysis ................................................................................................ 11 2.4.3 Secondary data analysis ............................................................................................ 11 2.4.4 Limitations ............................................................................................................... 11 3 Tomato Overview .................................................................................................................... 12 3.1 Area, production and yield trend of tomato ..................................................................... 12 3.1.1 International scenario .............................................................................................. 12 3.1.2 National scenario...................................................................................................... 14 3.1.3 State scenario in crop production ............................................................................. 17 3.2 Seasonal availability of tomato ......................................................................................... 22 4 Constraints and Challenges in Tomato Production ................................................................... 24 4.1 Stage-wise constraints and challenges in tomato production............................................ 24 5 Nature and Structure of Industry ............................................................................................. 29 5.1 Interrelationship .............................................................................................................. 29 5.2 Supply chain ..................................................................................................................... 30 5.2.1 Farmers’ profile and cropping pattern ...................................................................... 30 5.2.1.1 Socio economic profile of sampled farmers .......................................................... 31 5.2.1.2 Crop production ................................................................................................... 36 5.2.1.3 Major tomato varieties cultivated ......................................................................... 37 5.2.1.4 Fertilizers and pesticides ....................................................................................... 38 5.2.1.5 Irrigation .............................................................................................................. 41 5.2.1.6 Cost of production ................................................................................................ 42 5.2.1.7 Govt. scheme for crop management ..................................................................... 43 5.2.2 Post-harvest management ........................................................................................ 44 5.2.2.1 Sorting and grading............................................................................................... 44 Page | ii 5.2.2.2 Constraints in postharvest management ............................................................... 45 5.2.2.3 Post-harvest losses ............................................................................................... 47 5.2.3 Market and market opportunities ............................................................................. 48 5.2.3.1 Marketing channel ................................................................................................ 48 5.2.3.2 Main market and sources of information .............................................................. 51 5.2.4 Price realization of tomato ....................................................................................... 53 5.2.4.1 Price build up ........................................................................................................ 53 5.2.4.2 Low price realization and price determination of tomato ...................................... 55 6 Conclusion and Recommendations .......................................................................................... 57 References ...................................................................................................................................... 63 Annexure -1..................................................................................................................................... 64 Page | iii List of Tables Table 1: Decision Diamond ................................................................................................................ 6 Table 2: Stakeholder-wise sample size ............................................................................................. 10 Table 3: Country-wise area, production and yield of tomato (2014-15) ............................................ 12 Table 4: Year-wise exported quantities of fresh and value added products of tomato ...................... 14 Table 5: Year-wise area and production of vegetables and share of tomato in total vegetables ....... 15 Table 6: State-wise area, production and yield of tomato in India (2016-17) .................................... 16 Table 8: District-wise area and production of vegetables and tomato (2016-17) .............................. 22 Table 9: Peak and lean season of tomato in Jharkhand .................................................................... 23 Table 10: Percentage distribution of number of operational holdings .............................................. 31 Table 11: Landholding distribution of sampled farmers in Ranchi district ......................................... 32 Table 12: Type of land available for cultivation in Ranchi ................................................................. 32 Table 13: Block-wise surveyed farmer’s income in Ranchi ................................................................ 34 Table 14: Experience of the surveyed farmers in tomato cultivation ................................................ 35 Table 15: List of reasons for doing tomato cultivation ...................................................................... 35 Table 16: Percentage of area used by farmers for tomato cultivation .............................................. 36 Table 17: Block-wise area under tomato and the yields achieved....................................................