Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary

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Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

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Foreword

The green and blue infrastructure approach tional zones with compatible land-uses can can improve the quality of life in many ways join forces. ‘The Green & Blue Infrastructure - enhancing societal health and wellbeing; Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Water- protecting ecosystems and their functioning ways’ provides this opportunity for the green in relation to, for example, water retention; and blue infrastructure of the Suir River and supporting the development of a green Lough Derg, within an integrated approach economy. One of its major advantages is an to planning and links land-use, landscape, acknowledgment that multiple functions services, ecology, heritage, tourism, etc.. can be provided by the same piece of land or water. The appropriate planning, design and The provision of green and blue infrastructure management of green and blue infrastructure ensures a clear focus for strategic initiatives and assets can deliver a wide range of benefits, local-scale projects to be scaled up to an im- from providing sustainable transport links, to plementation level where, collectively, they will mitigating and adapting the effects of climate make a real positive impact. In this way the in- change. While biodiversity is at the core of frastructure becomes much more than the mere green and blue infrastructure, it is much more sum of its parts. It is also a means of bringing than a biodiversity conservation instrument. different sectors collectively in order that they Restored habitats can reconnect or enhance may decide together on land-use priorities in a existing natural areas with natural features transparent, integrated and co-operative way. acting as wildlife corridors or stepping stones with artificial features that enhance Cllr. Phyll Bugler ecosystem services, where buffer zones can Cathaoirleach be managed sustainably and multi-func- Tipperary County Council

The SWARE project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This publication reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Activity on the River Suir, Co. Tipperary 5 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Contents

page Executive Summary

1. Introduction 1 1.1 SWARE (Sustainable heritage management of WAterway REgions) Project 3 1.2 What is Green and Blue Infrastructure? 5 1.3 Aim of this Project 9 1.4 Methodology and Approach in Developing the Masterplan Roadmap 11 1.5 The Life Supported by Tipperary Green and Blue Infrastructure 13 1.5.1 Parts of the Tipperary Green and Blue Infrastructure Network that are Legally Protected 17 1.5.2 Non-Designated Areas that are Important for the Green and Blue Infrastructure Network 19 1.5.3 The Full Picture - the Potential Basis for a Healthy Green and Blue Infrastructure Network 21 1.5.4 Core Areas and Linking Corridors 23 1.6 Legislative and Policy Context 25 1.6.1 EU and National Policy Context 25 1.6.2 Regional and Local Context 29

2 The Masterplan - Planning for Green and Blue Infrastructure for Tipperary Waterways 33 2.1 Where and how Changes are Likely to be Acceptable 35 2.2 Enhancement of Green and Blue Infrastructure, and Opportunities for Amenity Provision and Visitor Experience 37 2.3 Identification of Opportunities for Enhanced Amenity Provision and Visitor Experience 53 2.4 Priority Action Areas 54 2.5 Flood Management 61

3 Roadmap for Delivery and Implementation 63 3.1 Overview of Delivery and Implementation 63 3.2 Funding for Green and Blue Infrastructure 65 3.3 Integration of the Green and Blue Infrastructure Masterplan into Land Use Planning 67 3.4 Measuring Progress and Benefits 71 4 Summary and Conclusion 73 4.1 Summary 73 4.2 Conclusion 74

Appendix 1 List of Identified Projects 75

Appendix 2 List of Consultees 89

Abbreviations 91 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Executive Summary

‘Green and Blue The enhancement and expansion of green and EU INTERREG Europe ‘SWARE’ (Sustainable identifies opportunities to enhance the green blue infrastructure, and the associated networks heritage management of WAterway REgions) and blue networks, while also extending the ben- Infrastructure’ is a term have broad positive environmental, social and Project, of which Tipperary County Council is efits to a broad range of other areas, including used to describe natural economic impacts, thus contributing significant- one of six EU partners. The participating SWARE recreation and tourism. ly to health, wellbeing and quality of life. project waterway regions share a mutual natural and semi-natural areas and and cultural heritage, with a rich biodiversity, The outcomes from this Masterplan Roadmap features (land, vegetation This Green and Blue Infrastructure Master- high value built heritage sites, all connected by include: and waterways), public or plan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways has waterways. However, as these environmental, been developed to enhance green and blue cultural and heritage sites come under increasing • Identification and mapping of major eco-sys private, rural, urban or peri- infrastructure within the county and maximise pressure from tourism and recreation use, it has tems (including associated eco-systems – urban in nature that deliver the environmental, social and economic benefits become apparent that there is a need for a more woodland and wetland) and identification of that can be gained from the increased protection sustainable approach in order to protect these current eco-system services; a broad range of ecosystem and management of the environmental resource. important assets. • Identification and mapping of existing green As the two primary waterways in the County, the services that underpin a and blue infrastructure; healthy environment for River Suir and Lough Derg, and their tributaries, The SWARE Project recognises that simulta- are critical components of the ecological biodi- neous support is needed to ensure that the • Planning for green and blue infrastructure; and all, for example, air quality, versity of the County, and are consequently core appropriate protection is afforded to these • Setting out mechanisms for implementation, water purification, climate to the green and blue infrastructure network. valuable sites, while also ensuring continued including policy, projects and frameworks. This Masterplan Roadmap is intended for all socio-economic development to sustain the local mitigation and space for stakeholders – government, community and communities. The analyses undertaken have identified an recreation and amenity. voluntary groups, the private sector, research extensive network of green and blue infrastruc- community and other relevant parties - that The importance of green and blue infrastructure ture throughout the county and in particular are involved and who facilitate and support the planning is becoming increasingly recognised within the Suir and Shannon catchments. The protection and enhancement of natural and built globally, due to the many environmental, social networks include high biodiversity areas, which heritage, health and wellbeing and socio-eco- and economic benefits associated with it. This are designated areas under legal protection nomic growth. Masterplan Roadmap is an evidence-led vision, (SPA, SAC, NHA and pNHA); areas that are not that identifies the existing environmental, designated conservation sites but which possess The Green and Blue Infrastructure Masterplan recreation, amenity and heritage assets in and high ecological value (woodlands, wetlands, Roadmap has been commissioned as part of the surrounding the River Suir and Lough Derg, and bogs, watercourses) and all other features that Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

make-up green and blue infrastructure, such as The green and blue infrastructure functions have for informing future policy, statutory plans and farmlands, hedgerows, watercourses, parklands, been evaluated, areas that have the potential to land use planning, driven principally through the cemeteries, ditches, and even individual tree address the greatest needs have been identified County Development Plan. stands. and indicative actions set out. In total, 86 indicative actions have been developed to increase Further analysis and assessment concentrated the benefits that County Tipperary gains from on the identification of the existing recreation, its green and blue infrastructure, while others amenity and heritage assets within close proxim- support delivery of enhanced green and blue ity to the River Suir and Lough Derg. The assess- infrastructure through proposed policy and ment identified a broad range of assets, many framework establishment or review. The actions of which were within or in close proximity of the cover a wide range of ecological, heritage, rec- main settlements located along the river, and the reation, amenity and tourism areas to maximise lakeshore. However, a substantial number of as- the promotion and development of green and sets, in particular heritage assets, were identified blue infrastructure, including protection, conser- in the more rural areas. The mapping of the ex- vation, awareness, education and accessibility. isting assets facilitated the identification of new Core to the successful implementation and opportunities for the enhancement of green and delivery of the actions, is the identification and blue infrastructure, while also creating new op- assignment of a responsible body to drive and portunities to sustainably enhance the provision oversee its implementation, and monitor the of recreation, amenity and heritage-led devel- progress and subsequent benefits. In consul- opment. Through combined baseline research, tation with Tipperary County Council, wider analysis and extensive consultation, critical gaps State and semi-State bodies, community groups or vulnerabilities that have the potential to affect and individuals, each action has been assigned County Tipperary’s green and blue infrastruc- to a body responsible. The implementation of ture in the short, medium and long-term, have these actions is envisaged to add to the county’s also been identified. These include biosecurity, response to EU and national legislative and stat- soil erosion, the loss of vital vegetation such as utory requirements. It is important to remember hedgerows, low level of green and blue networks that this Masterplan Roadmap is not a stand- in urban areas, and the identification of pressure alone document, but will contribute positively on water quality and biodiversity. to the development of a robust evidence base Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 1

1. Introduction

County Tipperary possesses a The River Suir, Lough Derg and their tributaries are vital for the ecological biodiversity of County great wealth of natural landscapes Tipperary and form key components of the and resources which contribute County’s green and blue infrastructure network. significantly to the public’s The Tipperary Green and Blue infrastructure Mas- recreational and amenity needs. terplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways sets out They also provide considerable a comprehensive vision for the enhancement of green and blue infrastructure (G&BI) along social and economic benefits. the River Suir and Lough Derg. The Masterplan sets out the character of the existing network of green and blue infrastructure within the Suir and Shannon catchments (within the confines of the County Tipperary administrative boundary) and provides a coherent and coordinated approach to support, protect and promote habitats and biodiversity in light of increasing demand in land uses, including recreation, tourism and socio-economic growth. A principal objective of the Masterplan Roadmap is to highlight measures in which green and blue infrastructure Lough Derg can support and enhance economic, social, cultural and environmental activities and their interactions. This Masterplan Roadmap has been commissioned as part of the EU INTER- REG Europe ‘SWARE’ (Sustainable heritage River Suir management of WAterway REgions) project. 2 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

‘The focus of tourism policy must be to maximise the export contribution of tourism, while protecting the invaluable assets that are our naturual, built and cultural heritage’

p e o p l e , p l a c e a n d p o l i c y , g r o w i n g t o u r i s m t o 2025, d e pa r t m e n t o f t r a n s p o r t , t o u r i s m a n d s p o r t Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 3

1.1 SWARE Project

SWARE (Sustainable value built heritage sites which are connected to the waterways. These areas are becoming heritage management of increasingly popular with visitors. While the WAterway REgions) ‘SWARE’ partners recognise the importance of socio-economic development for their regions, they are also aware that a balanced sustainable approach is required in order to protect and preserve the natural and cultural assets for future generations, while simultaneously supporting socio-economic development to sustain the local communities. Tipperary County Council is one of six EU partners in the EU INTERREG Europe ‘SWARE’ The ‘SWARE’ project seeks to address a chal- (Sustainable Heritage Management of WA- lenge faced by the participating partners and terway REgions) project. The ‘SWARE’ project many other areas throughout the EU - the har- commenced on 1st April 2016 and will continue nessing of natural assets for the development of until the 30th September 2020. It is part funded the local economy, while simultaneously trying under the terms of the EU INTERREG European to preserve, protect and enhance the natural Regional Development Fund. The six organisa- environment. The ‘SWARE’ project aims to tions involved in the SWARE project from across address this challenge through the promotion the EU are: Tipperary County Council (Ireland), of improved natural and built heritage protec- Metropolitan City of Milan (Italy), Vidzeme Plan- tion and sustainability, by means of integrated ning Region (Latvia), Pons Danubii European regional and local development programmes, Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (Slovakia), policies and strategies. Association Regio Water (The Netherlands) and Province of Zuid-Holland (The Netherlands). The green and blue infrastructure approach in- The waterway regions participating in the cludes the planning, design and management SWARE project share a common natural and of green spaces and blue ecosystems to provide

Built heritage along the River Suir, Clonmel, Co. Tipperary cultural heritage, defined by protected areas societal benefit for both urban and rural areas. with a rich biodiversity, together with high SWARE is striving to achieve enhanced protec- 4 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

‘As an overall result, decision- Government Reform Act 2014, the former North locations are appropriately addressed to ensure and South Tipperary County Councils were the natural and cultural assets are preserved makers, public and private amalgamated to form a unified Tipperary Coun- and enhanced, while supporting increased players, as well as inhabitants ty Council. However, until a revised all-coun- yet sustainable economic development of the ty Development Plan is formulated, there are region. will gain a better knowledge currently two County Development Plans in and commitment towards effect in County Tipperary: The South Tipperary This project will provide a robust underpinning protecting and sustainably County Development Plan 2009 (as varied) and for the expansion of green and blue infrastruc- The North Tipperary County Development Plan ture in County Tippearry and in particular, with- ‘using’ their environmental 2010 (as varied). in the county's principal waterways: the River and cultural assets’ Suir and Lough Derg. The County Development Plans set out the SWARE PROJECT statutory framework for the future planning and The SWARE project is divided into development of the county, in accordance with two phases. tion of natural and cultural heritage, together Section 10 of the Planning and Development Act with a more sustainable level of economic devel- 2000, as amended, and address relevant issues Phase 1 (ending September 2018) will be accomplished opment through the establishment of participa- such as water quality, river basin management through exchange of experiences and practices; tory governance schemes and improved efficient planning, tourism and infrastructure. A new Phase 1 stakeholder & institutional learning; benchmarking and effective policy developments that will County Development Plan for Tipperary will (ending September 2018) and analysis of challenges and needs; which will support the sustainable use of environmental be produced over the coming years after the culminate with the development of an Action Plan in each participating region. and cultural resources. publication of a Spatial and Economic Plan for the Southern Region and will have regard to Tipperary County Development Plans detail relevant non-statutory studies and master plans the overall strategy for the proper planning and such as this Green and Blue Infrastructure Mas- Phase 2 (to March 2021), the remainder of the project, sustainable development of County Tipperary. terplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways. will revolve around implementation of the Action Plan. Phase 2 This Masterplan Roadmap will form an important They provide policy guidance on the protection, (to March 2021) conservation and enhancement of the natural The River Suir and Lough Derg are becoming in- element of this process. environment, cultural heritage and amenity creasingly popular locations for tourism and the assets of the County. Arising from the local new all-County Development Plan must ensure government reform structure under the Local that the challenges of increased visits to these Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 5

1.2 What is Green and Blue Infrastructure?

Green and blue infrastructure is a strategically ‘Tipperary’s environment planned network of natural and semi-natural areas with other environmental features provides clean air and water, designed and managed to deliver a wide food, fuel, carbon storage, flood range of ecosystem services such as water purification, air quality, space for recreation control, and pollition filtering. It and climate mitigation and adaptation. This provides a sense of place, offers network of green (land) and blue (water) spaces can improve environmental conditions and recreation and relexation, and is therefore citizens' health and quality of life. crucial to the county’s tourism.’ It also supports a green economy, creates job t i p p e r a r y c o r p o r at e p l a n 2015-2019 opportunities and enhances biodiversity. The Natura 2000 network constitutes the backbone of the EU green infrastructure. Green and blue infrastructure planning is a successfully tested urban areas, connected green spaces, green tool to provide environmental, economic and roofs, pollinator friendly planting and permeable social benefits through natural solutions and and pervious paving and even brownfield or help reduce dependence on 'grey' infrastruc- derelict sites all contribute to enhanced green ture that is often more expensive to build and infrastructure connectivity. Blue infrastructure maintain. Green and blue infrastructure can consist of ecological or wildlife corridors, for example, river edges, hedgerows, woodlands, streams, as well as urban parks, street trees and private gardens. Agricultural land that is strategically managed to offer multifunctional benefits such as sustainable food production, water attenuation, the incorporation of riparian zones along rivers is an important element of

Boating on Lough Derg the green infrastructure network, as are restored quarries and landfill sites, while in more 6 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Green and Blue Infrastructure Assets

Local, neighbourdhood and village scale Town and district scale County, regional and national scale Town, city and district scale City-region, regional and national scale refers more specifically to water including rivers, Street trees, verges and hedges lakes, reservoirs, ponds and pond systems and Business settings Regional Parks smaller water courses. Together they form the Green roofs and walls Town/district parks green-blue infrastructure network of biodiversi- Rivers, canals and floodplains ty that connects all parts of County Tipperary. Pocket parks Urban canals Shoreline Private gardens While some components of green and blue Urban commons infrastructure are already recognised in policy Urban plazas Strategic and long distance trails and legislation, many important components go Forest parks Town and village greens and commons unrecognised, particularly in urban areas, where Forests, woodlands and community forests public spaces, private gardens, cemeteries, Country parks Local rights of way urban streams and derelict land are often under- Reservoirs valued for the ecosystem services they provide. Cemeteries, burial grounds and churchyards Continuous waterfront Municipal plazas Road and railway networks The green infrastructure approach looks at the Institutional open spaces entire system of connections and interactions Ponds and streams Lakes that comprise a healthy ecosystem rather than Designated greenbelt focusing exclusively on specific and dispersed Small woodlands Major recreational spaces environmentally sensitive areas. By understand- Agricultural land Play areas ing how the current ecosystems and ecosystem Rivers and floodplains services work as a whole, this project will assess Local nature reserves National Parks the potential for strengthening and protecting Brownfield land core areas, joining the dots to make linear corri- School grounds National, regional or local landscape dors, landscape corridors and ‘stepping stones’, Community woodlands Sports pitches designations identification of buffer zones that can protect (Former) mineral extraction sites more sensitive areas, introduction of artificial Swales, ditches features where necessary and clear identifica- Common lands Agricultural land tion of multi-functional zones where a specified Allotments range of activities would be appropriate. Vacant and derelict land Landfill Open countryside

Source: Landscape Institute Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 7

How green and blue infrastructure works For local communities, green and blue infrastructure provides opportunities for outdoor The multifunctional advantages of green and activity and improves water and air quality, blue infrastructure can significantly enhance promoting physical and mental health and policy implementation at international level well-being, as well as providing alternative right down to local level through nature based and more sustainable options of travel and solutions, supporting the development of more commuting. For rural communities, green and sustainable communities, both socially and blue infrastructure also provides opportunities economically. The EU Strategy is closely inter- to develop new enterprise, tourism and em- linked with the EU 2020 Biodiversity Strategy ployment opportunities. As outlined in the EPA which requires that by 2020, ‘ecosystems and Health Benefits from Biodiversity and Green their services are maintained and enhanced by Infrastructure (2014-HW-DS-1) Synthesis Report establishing green infrastructure and restoring ‘recent studies suggest that people accrue great- at least 15% of degraded ecosystems’. Des- er benefits to their health and wellbeing from ignated protected sites, under Natura 2000 areas that are more diverse and perceived to be such as the Lower River Suir Special Area of more natural, regardless of the setting (urban, Conservation (SAC) and Lough Derg (Shannon) peri-urban, rural). Special Protection Areas (SPA) are core strategic components of green infrastructure and in preserving high value natural environments and biodiversity, however, it is also important that green infrastructure goes far beyond protected sites and become an integral part of communities, rural, peri-urban or urban, in order to extend ecosystem services beyond the tradition- G PR al natural environment. IN OV RT Soil Information IS O I P O P N U Photosynthesis I Collaboration between key regional and local S N G

stakeholders is central to the protection and Food

Clean Water Fish promotion of natural assets and the economic Biodiversity Wood development of the county. Through the pro- Pollination vision of this Masterplan Roadmap, Tipperary Habitat Cool Temperatures County Council seeks to provide multiple stake- Control Flooding Purify Water Stewardship Store Carbon holders with guidance over the course of the Clean Air lifetime of the Masterplan and beyond. Aesthetic C G U N L I T Recreation T U Education A R L A U L G RE Urban river walk, New Quay, Clonmel, Co. Tipperary Source: metrovancouver.org 8 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

For visitors, walking, cycling and water-based activities are becoming increasingly popular amongst holiday-makers and is thus becoming an important tourism product, increasing dwell time, extending the tourism season and increasing regional and rural spending. Green and blue infrastructure is a critical component of Ireland’s tourism. Based on Failte Ireland’s Tourism Facts (2016) expenditure by tourists visiting Ireland was estimated to be worth €6 billion in 2015. When combined with money spent by Irish residents taking trips here, total tourism expenditure in 2015 was estimated to be €7.7 billion. For 92% of overseas holiday makers, ‘beautiful scenery’ was considered important and the "natural unspoilt environment" was considered important for 86%. An estimate of all jobs in the tourism and hospitality industry based on past Fáilte Ireland surveys of businesses (full-time, part-time, seasonal/casual and not confined to ‘main’ job) indicates total employment in the sector at approximately 220,000. For every 1,000 additional tourists 14 jobs are created in the tourism industry.

River Suir, Co. Tipperary Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 9

1.3 Aim of this Project

Recognising the role of the River Suir and This project included a series of steps; Lough Derg as part of the County’s natural and cultural heritage, and the increasing interest in • Identification and mapping of major water-based recreation and holidaying activi- eco-systems (including associated ties, Tipperary County Council is strategically eco-systems – woodland and wetland) planning for the County’s future development, and identification of current eco-system ensuring the distinctive natural character of the services; county is preserved and enhanced in coopera- • Identification and mapping of existing tion with local communities. green and blue infrastructure; • Planning for green and blue infrastructure; This Masterplan Roadmap is a high level • Setting out mechanisms for assessment and aims to create a vision that will implementation, including policy, projects, help to protect, promote and enhance the green programmes and frameworks. and blue infrastructure assets in the County. The scope of the Masterplan Roadmap extends The careful planning of water and shoreline only to the parts of River Suir and Lough Derg activities is critical for the long-term viability of waterways within the administrative area of healthy habitats, tourism and human health. Tipperary County Council and focusses primarily Of particular relevance are the recent advanc- on the River Suir (main channel) and Lough Derg es in the distribution of invasive species and specifically, while acknowledging the impor- aquatic diseases and potential relationships tance of their tributaries and wider catchments. with increased activity in the rural/water based These catchments feed into and are intrinsically tourism sectors. connected to the main study areas, to form larger natural and cultural heritage corridors that incorporate much of the County of Tipperary. It is critical that a masterplan for the River Suir (main channel) and Lough Derg acknowledges these linkages, as impacts within the main study areas

Activity on the River Suir, Co. Tipperary can impact the natural and cultural heritage in the upper catchments and vice versa. 10 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

The Masterplan Roadmap sets out a range of projects to assist in the sustainable development of the River Suir and Lough Derg, by paying particular attention to assessing the current extent and nature of green and blue infrastructure, identifying and minimising critical gaps or vulnerabilities that may affect Tipperary’s green and blue infrastructure in the short, medium and long-term.

The Masterplan Roadmap sets out ways that policy and programming can promote effective management of green and blue infrastructure. Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 11

1.4 Methodology and Approach to Developing the Masterplan Roadmap

Study area

Following an initial assessment of the data carried out to identify where the gaps are, how available, and in order to maintain a focus on economic and social benefit can be realised, the river and lake, a study area of 2km from the detailing appropriate projects and policy modifi- water's edge was established. Sites beyond the cations and ensuring appropriate recommended 2km limit were also included on a case by case projects and policy modifications are matched to basis where there was potential for linking to suitable locations. This was further developed the waterways. Given the highly networked as- through strategic and systematic assessment to pect of ecosystem functioning, high biodiversity evaluate potential linkages and new opportuni- areas and the watercourse network within the ties. This indicative list is provided in Appendix 1. full county were included in the mapping. The Suir and Shannon are core areas of the green This Masterplan Roadmap is intended for all and blue infrastructure of Tipperary, while the stakeholders – government, community and smaller rivers and streams that feed these wa- voluntary groups, the private sector, research terways, as well as the adjacent woodland and community and other relevant parties that are hedgerows are crucial green and blue infrastruc- involved and who facilitate and support the pro- ture corridors. tection and enhancement of natural and built heritage, health and wellbeing and socio-eco- The initial stages of the Masterplan Roadmap nomic growth. Broad stakeholder consultation formulation established the background data was also undertaken from an early stage to and policy context. GIS data were overlaid to create consensus on project outputs and ensur- develop a detailed understanding of the current ing that those tasked with implementing the functioning of Tipperary's green and blue actions had an opportunity to shape their future infrastructure, areas of particular sensitivity work. Figure 1.1 and 1.2 set out the Masterplan and areas where change might be appropriate. Roadmap stages and Approach. This was to allow for the clear identification of how the green and blue infrastructure systems

River walk along the River Suir, Co. Tipperary are working at present. Additional work was 12 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Figure 1.2 Masterplan Roadmap Overall Approach

y eg port at Re tr al S ic n h c e T OPPORTUNITIES TO CONTEXT ENHANCE FUNCTIONING AND ANALYSIS CONSULTATION OF GREEN AND BLUE INFRASTRUCTURE

The following is the overall approach to the development of the Masterplan Roadmap.

• Background data and policy context; • Stakeholder engagement and public • Identification and mapping of eco-systems; consultation in Nenagh and Cahir HEADLINE LOCAL • Identification of current eco-system services; (3-4th May 2017); POLICY, PROJECTS OPPORTUNITIES • Identification and mapping of existing green • Development of actions based on AND PROGRAMMES and blue infrastructure; information collated during earlier stages. • Assessment of current ecosystems and their These actions will act as a portfolio of ideas services and description of the potential for for projects/actions. green and blue infrastructure, such as identification of core areas, landscape n Pla corridors, buffer zones, linear zones, n tio artificial features and multi-functional zones; ta en m le p m I FUNDING AND DELIVERY MECHANISMS Figure 1.1 Masterplan Roadmap Development Process Stages

ACTION PLAN RECOMME- STRATEGIC BASELINE DATA POLICY CONTEXT NDATIONS AND ASSESSMENT ACTIONS Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 13

1.5 The Life Supported by Tipperary Green and Blue Infrastructure

The lengthy inhabitation biodiversity corridors for aquatic and terrestrial species and habitats in Tipperary. They also, in of County Tipperary is many places, provide recreational opportunities testament to the varied and to local communities, access to their shared rich environment which heritage, areas of water retention, opportunities for improving societal health and well-being and has supported populations economic opportunities in the form of tourism. along its watercourses, valleys and lakeshores The River Suir for thousands of years. The River Suir is 184 km in length, and rises north of Templemore in the Devil's Bit Mountain and the Suir Catchment comprises an area of As well as its two principal waterways; the approximately 3,546 km2. It flows in a southerly River Suir and Lough Derg, County Tipperary direction through Thurles, Holycross, Cahir, contains several mountain ranges including the Clonmel and Carrick on Suir, continuing through Galtee Mountains, Slievenamon, Silvermine Waterford and entering the Irish Sea at Wa- Mountains, Knockmealdown Mountains, terford Harbour. Along its route, the course of Comeragh Mountains and the Arra Mountains, the River Suir changes several times, changing while the ‘Golden Vale’ encompasses rich course at the Knockmealdown Mountains and pastureland and extensive peatland. again at Knocklofty. The River Suir acts as a very important ecological artery through the County. The majority of the lands of this fertile coun- The lower two-thirds of the River Suir and many ty have been cleared over the centuries for of its tributaries are internationally protected agriculture. The management of farms is as a SAC. The Suir catchment is important subsequently a significant contributor to the for protected species such as salmon, otter, health of Tipperary’s green and blue infrastruc- lampreys (sea, brook and river), freshwater pearl ture. Waterbodies and narrow riparian strips, mussel, white-clawed crayfish and twaite shad, in addition to areas of wetland and hedgerows, as well as important habitats including; Alluvial Ardfinnan Castle, Co. Tipperary form the final vestiges and the most important forests, Yew Woods, Floating River Vegetation 14 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

(Ranunculion fluitantis and Callitricho-Batra- chion), Old Oak Woods and Hydrophilous Tall Herbs, in addition to Atlantic and Mediterra- nean Salt Meadows at the seaward element of the Suir. The Aherlow River, a tributary of the River Suir, is a designated Salmonid Water under the EU Freshwater Fish Directive.

Even though there are no SPAs for birds in the vicinity of the River Suir, as outlined by the National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) SAC Site Synopsis, parts of the Lower Suir SAC have also been identified as of ornithological importance for a number of Annex I (E.U. Birds Directive) bird species. These include Greenland White-fronted Goose, Golden Plover, Whooper Swan and Kingfisher. Wintering populations of migratory birds use the SAC. Flocks are seen in Coolfinn Marsh and also along the reedbeds and saltmarsh areas of the Suir. Coolfinn supports nationally important numbers of Greylag Goose on a regular basis. Other species occurring include Mallard, Teal, Wigeon, Tufted Duck, Pintail, Pochard, Little Grebe, Black-tailed God- wit, Oystercatcher, Lapwing, Dunlin, Curlew, Redshank, Greenshank and Green Sandpiper. In the Cabragh marshes there is abundant food for surface feeding wildfowl which total approximately 1,000 in winter. Widgeon, Teal and Mallard are numerous, and the latter has Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 15 a large breeding population, with up to 400 encouraged. It is essential therefore to ensure, The River Suir is a living in summer. In addition, less frequent species that riparian vegetation and buffer zones are like Shoveler and Pintail occur and there are encouraged and its tributaries remain navigable biodiversity corridor, records for both Whooper and Bewick's swans. and of suitable water quality for species that along its entire length, Kingfisher, a species that is listed on Annex I are of conservation interest, and in particu- that currently contains, of the E.U. Birds Directive, occurs along some lar the conservation interests (habitats and of the many tributaries throughout the site. species) of the Lower Suir SAC. Of particular or, importantly has the Natural Heritage Areas (NHA) in addition to note is the importance of the smaller water- potential to contain proposed Natural Heritage Areas (pNHA) are courses and drainage ditches to the overall species of conservation areas of national conservation importance and biodiversity network of County Tipperary. As they also occur in the vicinity of and sometimes this catchment is one large biodiversity corridor importance, if sustainably overlap with the internationally important SAC water quality and green and blue infrastucture developed as green and designation e.g. Cabragh Wetlands pNHA. in these areas directly impact the conserva- blue infrastructure and tion species throughout the catchment. However, it should be noted that species and suitable biodiversity related habitats of national and international impor- projects are encouraged. tance are also found outside the SAC and other areas of conservation. This would include flora, fish, mammal and bird species that are afforded protection under national and international legislation. A series of heritage audits were funded by Tipperary County Council and the Heritage Council on the Suir from 2009 to 2016. These included areas outside of designated conservation areas and up to the source of the River Suir. Species and habitats of conservation importance were noted including lampreys (river and brook), salmon, otter, and white- clawed crayfish, European eel, floating river vegetation, alluvial wet woodlands, alkaline fen in addition to a range of Red and Amber Listed resident and over wintering birds.

Therefore, it is important to remember that the River Suir is a living biodiversity corridor, along its entire length, that currently contains, or, importantly has the potential to contain species of conservation importance, if sustainably developed as green and blue infrastructure River Suir, Co. Tipperary Lough Derg, Co. Tipperary and suitable biodiversity related projects are 16 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Lough Derg rape (Orobanche hederae). The Red Data Book whooper swan (Cygnus cygnus), wigeon (Anas stonewort Chara tomentosa has its stronghold in Penelope), teal (Anas crecca), mallard (Anas platy- Lough Derg is a freshwater Lough Derg. The Lower River Shannon SAC is a rhynchos), little grebe (Tachybaptus ruficollis), very large conservation area that extends from coot (Fulica atra), lapwing (Vanellus vanellus) and lake bordering counties lower Lough Derg (south of Killaloe) right out to curlew (Numenius arquata). Hen harrier (Circus Tipperary, Clare and Galway, the mouth of the Shannon. As a result this SAC cyaneus) are also known to roost in the reedbeds covering an area of 130 km2. has conservation interests including species on the margins of the site during the winter. and habitats that may not occur in Lough Stretching ca. 40km in length, Derg including marine and estuarine species. Lough Derg is the largest However, of particular relevance to Lough Derg lake on the River Shannon are fish species such as lampreys and Atlantic salmon, which are listed under Annex II of the and the third largest lake E.U. Habitats Directive. They are known to on the island of Ireland. occur in the lake, along with pollan (Coregonus autumnalis pollan) which is one of only three sites in Ireland and in western Europe where it is The Tipperary element of Lough Derg possesses found. Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), a threat- both internationally important SAC and ened Red Data Book species, was recorded from SPA designations in addition to a proposed the lake as recently as 1990/91. European eel Natural Heritage Area (pNHA) of National (Anguilla anguilla) is also found in the lake. The importance. Lough Derg is a very popular area invasive zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) for recreation, with cruisers, sailing, fishing and Nuttall’s pondweed (Elodea nuttallii) are canoeing, kayaking and other water-based also found and causing problems in Lough Derg. activities becoming increasingly popular. Cycling Lough Derg is also of importance for both and walking around the lake periphery are breeding and wintering birds. It is a Special also becoming more popular, with a series of Protection Area (SPA) for birds under the E.U. plans formulated in recent years to enhance Birds Directive, for cormorant (Phalacrocorax recreation and tourism, in addition to heritage. carbo), tufted duck (Aythya fuligula), goldeneye Two SACs are located in the Tipperary portion (Bucephala clangula) and common tern (Sterna of Lough Derg. Lough Derg, North-East Shore hirundo), with particular attention to wetlands, SAC possess habitats of international impor- that form part of this site. It supports a na- tance including; calcareous and alkaline fens, tionally important breeding colony of common limestone pavements, alluvial forests, yew tern, large numbers of black-headed gull and woodlands and Juniper scrub. Oak (Quercus the islands in the lake also support a nationally spp.) woodlands are also a notable feature of important cormorant colony. In winter, the lake the site. The only known site in the country for is important for a range of waterfowl species, the Red Data Book plant Irish fleabane(Inula including nationally important populations salicina) occurs along the lake shore. Other Red of tufted duck (Aythya fuligula) and goldeneye Data Book species present within this site are (Bucephala clangula). Other species which occur marsh pea (Lathyrus palustris) and ivy broom- in winter include mute swan (Cygnus olor), Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 17

1.5.1 Parts of the Tipperary Green and Blue Infrastructure Network that are Legally Protected

Figure 1.3 shows the areas within County Tipperary that are designated under Natura 2000 (Habitats Directive (SAC), Birds Directive (SPA)), Natural Heritage Areas (NHA) and (pNHA). As demonstrated in Figure 1.1, a considerable portion of County Tipperary is designated as being of biodiversity value of national and/or international importance. Lough Derg has both SAC and SPA designations - and the lower two thirds of the River Suir (Lower River Suir) is designated as a SAC. These designated areas serve as the core areas, or hubs, in green and blue infrastructure terms, owing to their rich ecological value. The datasets used in identifying these areas are primarily (NPWS) datasets.

While the mapping visually presented in this report is at a high level, detailed GIS digital maps have been produced to inform decision and policy making. Figure 1.3

Green and blue infrastructure in Tipperary - nationally and internationally designated for ecological significance Lough Derg

Nenagh

Suir

Thurles

legend Designated - Conservation Areas (SAC, SPA, NHA, pNHA) River Catchment Boundary County Boundary Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 19

1.5.2 Non-Designated Areas that are Important for the Green and Blue Infrastructure Network

These are core areas within the county that do not have legal protection but are of high ecological value. As demonstrated in Figure 1.4, there are broad areas within the county that have high ecological value and these serve as important green and blue infrastructure components. The datasets used in identifying these areas include Fossitt habitats of conservation interest from Tipperary Heritage Audits, NPWS habitats of conservation interest and CORINE selected habitats (grasslands, moors and heaths, peatlands and natural and broadleaf forest). These include EcoNet Class 1 & 2 habitats (Ó Riain, 2000) from CORINE, defined on the basis of 'naturalness'. Figure 1.4 Green and blue infrastructure in Tipperary which is not designated but which contains protected species or habitats

legend Areas of Ecological Importance River Catchment Boundary County Boundary

It should be noted that this is a high level assessment and does not intend to be a full assessment of protected species within County Tipperary. Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 21

1.5.3 The Full Picture - The Potential Basis for a Healthy Green and Blue Infrastructure Network

Figure 1.5 shows the entirety of the green and blue infrastructure within County Tipperary (hedgerows, farmland, public open spaces / parks, gardens, sports grounds, cemeteries, network of watercourses etc.). The EPA water features data (streams and rivers extent) highlights the extent of the blue corridors and the importance of tributaries within the Shannon and Suir catchments. It should be noted that these areas potentially contain species and habitats of national and/or international importance and the placing of areas in this category may be due to a lack of sufficient surveys or information. This green infrastructure network also includes natural features within urban areas that can act as wildlife corridors, potential recreation and amenity sites and routes as well as agricultural lands that support sustainable food and other resource production, water attenuation, soil formation, etc. Figure 1.5 Green and blue infrastructure in Tipperary — The Full Picture — farmland, streams, hedges, lakes, playing fields, golf courses, cemeteries, woods and forests, private gardens, school grounds, urban green spaces, institutional lands, street trees, parks, derelict lands, former quarries, greenways...

legend

County Boundary

Blue Infrastructure

River Suir catchment network of streams and rivers of category 1-7

Shannon catchment network of streams and rivers of category 4-7

River Suir

Lough Derg

River Catchment Boundary

Green Infrastructure

All of Co. Tipperary's Green Infrastructure Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 23

1.5.4 Core Areas and Linking Corridors

In this Masterplan Roadmap, the areas rich in Based on the analysis of the county's green Figure 1.6 biodiversity, such as Lough Derg and the River and blue infrastructure potential, a series of Suir, are considered the ‘core areas’ (or hubs). core areas have been identified, protected by An overview of the green These are generally Natura 2000 designated buffer zones, and linked by existing or potential and blue infrastructure sites, Natural Heritage Areas, proposed corridors as shown in Figure 1.6. As new projects, network of the Suir and Natural Heritage Areas or nature reserves, or policy and programming contribute to a better Lough Derg areas that have been identified as important connected and functioning green and blue infra- biodiversity areas with protected habitats or structure network, the value of the ecosystem containing protected species. These core areas services provided by this network will rise. This are linked together by ecological corridors or rise in value can be quantified, see section 3.4. strips of vegetation used by wildlife to facilitate movement between two areas. These corridors may be ‘linear’ such as continuous hedgerows, woodland strips or grassland, or take the form of non-connected corridors or ‘stepping stones’. Core Areas Greenways are important components of green IndicativeCore Areas Core Areas Buer Zone infrastructure as they act as corridors not Buer Zone Indicitave Linear, Indicative Buffer Zone Landcaping + Stepping only of species but also of people, in a similar Stone Corridors IndicativeIndicitave Linear, Linear+ Stepping way urban green space offers multiple social Landcaping + Stepping Key Blue StoneStone Corridors Corridors Linear Corridors benefits. Ecologicalbuffer areas are zones Key Blue Linear Corridors IndicativeLinear Corridors Key Blue Linear Corridors + Buer Zones in that surround areas of ecological value to an Urban Context minimise the impacts of an adjacent land use. LinearLinear Corridors Corridors+ Buffer Zones in + Buer Zones in There are also potentially artificial green and anan Urban Context Context blue infrastructure assets, such as fish ladders, green roofs, or green bridges (or eco-ducts) to facilitate the crossing of animals. 24 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 25

1.6 Legislative and 1.6.1 EU and National Policy Context Policy Context

This section sets out the The development of green and blue infrastruc- The multifunctional benefits of green and The implementation of a Green & Blue Master- ture seeks to enhance biodiversity by providing blue infrastructure are widely acknowledged plan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways will help policy context under which a spatial evidence base which highlights the at European level through for example, the Ireland in complying with a host of UN, EU and the Masterplan Roadmap value of biodiversity and ecosystem services in EU Strategy on Green Infrastructure which national targets to foster sustainable develop- has been developed, the context of the economy and society. Green aims to ensure that the protection, restoration, ment along with the implementation of ‘Our and blue infrastructure also provides strong creation and enhancement of green infrastruc- Sustainable Future: A Framework for Sustain- how it interacts with linkages with their surrounding natural and built ture become an integral part of spatial planning. able Development for Ireland’ (2012), and the other stautory and non- environments, and the principles of ecolog- Developing green infrastructure is a key step ‘National Climate Change Adaptation Frame- statutory documents and ical connectivity are particularly relevant to towards meeting the objectives of the EU 2020 work’ (2012). The Government’s ‘Framework for planning for outdoor recreation. One of the key Biodiversity Strategy. The integrated approach Sustainable Development for Ireland’ sets out how it complies with the challenges for Tipperary over the coming years provided through the enhancement of green and a vision on how we can transition Ireland to a provisions of the Birds and is managing the county’s green and blue infra- blue infrastructure helps with meeting EU direc- resource efficient, low-carbon and climate resil- Habitats Directives and structure in a sustainable manner to protect and tive and national legislation obligations such as: ient future, acknowledging that a sustainable can work with the River support the county’s existing natural resources approach to economic development comple- while promoting regional and local enterprise • Water Framework Directive; ments the core strengths of the economy in the Basin Management Plan development and tourism. Closely related to use of natural resources across multiple sectors. • Flood Risks Directive; underway this is the recognition of external threats such as invasive species and the importance of built • Habitats Directive; The emerging National Planning Framework: heritage sites and their relationship with green • Birds Directive; Ireland 2040 Plan (NPF)) will provide an in- and blue infrastructure, most notably the • European Landscape Convention; tegrated framework for future policy, devel- industrial heritage legacy along the River Suir opment and investment in Ireland and from • Environmental Impact Assessment and the relationship between land manage- which, other, more detailed plans (national and Directive; and ment and social structure over the centuries. regional) will take their lead. It is envisaged that • Strategic Environmental Assessment. through the NPF that environmental sustainability will be considered in a wider cross-sector integrated context, and that Green Infrastruc- ture and natural and heritage are supported and promoted through the delivery of the NPF. 26 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

‘The focus of tourism pol- national law and the relevant Regulations, the on Natura 2000 sites. Plans and Projects will Recreation and tourism holds considerable European Communities (Natural Habitats) need to be assessed individually and in combi- potential for further expansion of the County, icy must be to maximise Regulations 1997, SI 94/1997. These Regulations nation with other plans and projects (through bringing with it substantial employment and the export contribution of were amended by SI 233/1998 &SI 378/2005. Appropriate Assessment- Article 6 (3)) of enterprise opportunities, particularly to more tourism, while protecting These were subsequently revised and consol- the Habitats Directive to determine if signifi- rural areas of the county. The Government’s idated in the European Communities (Birds cant effects on Natura 2000 sites will be likely. ‘People, Place and Policy, Growing Tourism to the invaluable assets that and Natural Habitats) Regulations 2011. The Notably, the green and blue infrastructure helps 2025’ published in 2015 recognises the integral are our natural, built and Habitats and Birds Directives have had a major to promote ecological coherence of the Natura role of our natural and cultural heritage in our cultural heritage’ - People, impact in conserving and restoring a network 2000 network (in accordance with Article 10 of tourism offering. This policy document, which of biodiversity areas throughout the EU (i.e. the Habitats Directive) i.e. stepping stones and sets out several core strategies and policies to Place and Policy, Growing the Natura 2000 network) and it is important ecological corridors including nature conser- achieve key tourism targets states that ‘effective Tourism to 2025, Depart- to note that green and blue infrastructure can vation sites (other than Natura 2000 sites). and balanced management of key natural and ment of Transport, Tourism have a very positive impact on the conservation Such features are those which, by virtue of their built heritage is essential for growth in tourism objectives of these sites, even though it may linear and continuous structure such as rivers that is both economically and environmentally and Sport be located outside these ‘hotspots’ of biodi- with their banks or the traditional systems for sustainable’. Acknowledging the importance versity. Green and blue infrastructure can have marking field boundaries or their function as of natural and cultural heritage, the policy beneficial impacts by extending the range and stepping stones (such as ponds or small woods) document states that ‘The focus of tourism Protecting and enhancing the quality of our increasing numbers of species and habitats in are essential for the migration, dispersal and policy must therefore be to maximise the export natural and cultural heritage is essential to the vicinity of these areas. It is important to genetic exchange of wild species. In the context contribution of tourism, while protecting the some national and regional key economic take into account biodiversity corridors and of water quality the Fisheries Acts (1959 – 2017) invaluable assets that are our natural, built and drivers, including tourism and agriculture. This blue infrastructure when determining potential and the Water Pollution Acts (1977 – 1990) are cultural heritage.’ The Tourism Policy Statement is acknowledged through national, regional and impacts of projects on conservation objectives also important elements of national legislation. endorses the protection of Ireland’s natural and local policy. Two key pieces of legislation have of Natura 2000 sites within the catchments. built heritage in a manner that is sustainable been instrumental in the implementation and The following masterplan, by developing a from an environmental, economic and societal improvement of green and blue infrastucture roadmap for green and blue infrastructure, will perspective. The Statement includes a provision over the last 30 years. These are the Habitats assist in the halting the loss of biodiversity in that any future programme of support for capital Directive (92/43/EEC) and Birds Directive Tipperary. However, the planning of green and investment in tourism will be designed so that (79/409/EEC and 2009/147/EC). In 1997, the blue infrastructure projects needs to be handled funded projects comply with European and Habitats Directive was transposed into Irish carefully so as not to have a detrimental impact national environmental regulations. Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 27

At a regional level, the ‘Strategic Tourism The Commission for the Economic Development In January 2017, the Department of Culture, the potential of Ireland’s Lakelands. Improving Marketing, Experience & Destination Devel- of Rural Areas (CEDRA) report on Rural Ireland Heritage and the Gaeltacht (DCHG) launched rural infrastructure and connectivity is the goal opment Plan 2016-2021’ was commissioned entitled 'Energising Ireland's Rural Economy' ‘Realising Our Rural Potential: The Action Plan of Pillar 5, which aims at improving connectivity, by Tipperary County Council and Tipperary (2014) sets out a series of actions to support the for Rural Development’, a cross-government be it transportation links or digital connectivity. Tourism Company to develop Tipperary as a future long-term economic development of rural strategic approach to enhanced and targeted Improved digital connectivity will facilitate the ‘unique tourism destination within the island of areas. Ensuring economic development occurs economic and social development, with the creation and promotion of new economic and Ireland experience’. One of the key objectives of in a sustainable manner and in a coordinated overall objective of improved quality of life in tourism opportunities in rural areas. County this strategy is to encourage industry sustain- approach is a core element of CEDRA, to protect rural areas. The plan comprises five key pillars, Tipperary’s capacity to harness these actions ability and growth through the improvement and enhance the natural and cultural heritage encompassing 276 actions. One of the key on a local basis is crucial for rural development. and development of product offering; to build assets, which are core to economic development pillars of the plan, ‘Pillar 3: Maximising our Rural the capacity of tourism providers and to extend of rural areas. It identifies outdoor amenities Tourism and Recreation Potential’, encompasses visitor length of stay and to identify and build such as greenways and waterways as areas of a number of key objectives including; Increase synergies between different tourism product strong potential enterprise and tourism growth tourist numbers to rural Ireland by 12% by Promoting the importance of natural and offerings in order to deliver a top-quality visitor and a stimulus for economic and employment 2019; Develop and promote Activity Tourism built heritage in framing cultural identity experience. The development of Lough Derg and in rural areas. The Blueways Flagship initiative, in rural areas through the development of is also promoted under the DCHG’s frame- the River Suir water activity hub were identi- which was launched in counties Leitrim, Cavan, blueways, greenways and other recreational work policy ‘Culture 2025–Éire Illdánach: A fied as key areas with development potential Roscommon and Longford in 2016 is an example opportunities; Develop and promote our natural framework Policy to 2025’,1 which highlights capacity. The agri-food policies, Food Harvest of a multi-agency and inter-county collabora- and built heritage through investment and that investment in natural heritage sites offers 2020 and Food Wise 2025, together with other tive approach to tourism development of the development of our Gaeltacht areas, enhanced a range of benefits, from preserving‘ our nat- environmentally influenced agricultural policies, waterways, combining multi-activities, visitor promotion of our National Parks and Nature ural environment while also improving health, highlight the quality of our natural heritage attractions and hospitality providers. Assistance Reserves and other natural and built resourc- well-being and the local and national economy’. as the core of quality agricultural produce. to harness tourism potential was provided es; and, support sustainable jobs through to towns and villages along the Blueway, as targeted rural tourism initiatives, including part of the Government’s Rural Economic through the support of marketing initiatives Development Zones (REDZ) programme. and the promotion of key umbrella destination brands such as Ireland's Ancient East and the Wild Atlantic Way, as well as developing

1 Draft document status at the time of writing 28 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Green and blue infrastructure has an im- landscape use that are complementary and has an important role in the application and landscape, biodiversity, climate change and portant role in water quality enhancement mutually reinforcing and achieve a balance achievement of actions outlined within the general contribution to the wider rural economy. and complements River Basin Management between our social, cultural, environmen- NPP and local ‘Biodiversity Action Plans’. 2 Planning which provides a catchment based tal and economic needs and the protection, The GLAS Agri-environment scheme contains a framework to protect watercourses and management and planning of the landscape, range of measures which encourage the planting develop collaborative approaches to water including inland waters. Considering this, Tip- The Heritage Council’s ‘Strategic Plan 2012- of riparian strips and hedgerows which contrib- management. The enhancement of green perary County Council has produced the ‘draft 2016’ set out sixteen key objectives over the ute to a healthy green infrastructure network. and blue infrastructure as set out in this Tipperary Landscape Character Assessment’ four-year plan. Amongst the objectives were Masterplan will contribute positively to the (2016), which identifies the landscape features support and promotion of new job opportunities River Basin Management Plan for Ireland of the county which establishes a strong basis through investment in heritage infrastructure, 2018-2021 as it will contribute to improved for policies for the protection, management shared ownership and stewardship of heritage water quality, and thus helping to meet River and planning of the county’s varied land- conservation and management. Following the Basin Management Plan objectives as set out scapes and distinctive landscape features. end of the lifetime of the Strategic Plan, the Her- under the water Framework Directive (WFD). itage Council published its ‘Strategic Priorities 2016 and Beyond’ which promotes community ‘Ireland’s National Biodiversity Plan: Actions based initiatives to ensure that social and eco- for Biodiversity 2011-2016’ encompasses nomic benefits arising from the protection and Green and blue infrastructure plays a pivotal strategic objectives to conserve and protect our enhancement of natural and cultural heritage role in restoring and increasing biodiversity biodiversity and unique ecosystems, while the are realised by local communities. Under the Ru- and expanding ecological connectivity. Our ‘National Pollinator Plan (NPP) 2015-2020’ ral Development Programme 2014-2020 (DAFM), landscapes are core elements of our natural establishes a framework that will improve the the GLAS Traditional Farm Buildings facili- and cultural heritage and the importance of environment for pollinators. County Tipperary is tates the restoration to working condition and landscape protection and its inter-relation- a county rich in aquatic and terrestrial biodi- conservation of small traditional farm buildings ship with climate change and biodiversity is versity and habitat diversity, some of which are and other structures of significant cultural and recognised under the ‘National Landscape protected under national and EU legislation. heritage value. Amongst the various multi-func- Strategy for Ireland 2015-2025’. Its supporting Integrated management of the county’s inland tional benefits that will arise as a result of the actions seek to implement policies relating to waterways and their unique habitats therefore GLAS Traditional Farm Buildings measure are:

2 South Tipperary Biodiversity Action Plan 2010-2015 and North Tipperary Biodiversity Action Plan 2013-2018 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 29

1.6.2 Regional and Local Context

At regional context, Fáilte Ireland’s four-year Lough Derg; and also assessed the potential lo- plan ‘A Roadmap for Experience Development cations around Lough Derg that would have the and Destination Marketing 2014-2017’ outlined capacity to support each type of waterpark iden- the economic development and marketing plan tified. The Waterways‘ Ireland Lakelands and for Lough Derg as a tourism destination. The Inland Waterways Strategic Plan 2013-2016’ plan, now in its final year, includes a broad range acts as an overarching strategy document for of actions to improve the visitor experience, Lough Derg in terms of recreation and tourism. from orientation and viewpoints to amenity sites, canoe trails and stakeholder engagement, The ‘Lough Derg Tourism Animation Projects’ with the overall objective of improving visitor (2013) comprised a broader regional project, services, recreational facilities and environmen- based on a series of sample case studies, with tal amenities around the lake. This is comple- support by North Tipperary LEADER Partner- mented by a host of other relevant reports and ship, Clare Local Development Company and assessments undertaken in the locality includ- Galway Rural Development Company as part ing the ‘Lough Derg Destination Development of an agreed Tourism Animation Programme Action Plan’ (2011) which comprises a series of for Lough Derg. Due to funding challenges, it actions to assist in the development of Lough was not possible to implement the identified Derg as a major tourism destination. The ‘Lough or implemented private sector projects under Derg Heritage Audit’ (2011) which comprised the current LEADER funding programme. The an audit of the key heritage assets and themes development of cycle routes around Lough Derg associated with Lough Derg to determine the was assessed in the ‘Lough Derg Cycle Trails nature, characteristics and condition of the Report’ (2013), which identified that the Lough heritage assets available in the locality and gain Derg Cycle Trail was underutilised in terms of a greater understanding as to how the heritage users and that traffic was a discouraging factor. assets can be promoted as visitor assets and The report also included enhancements and built into the overall visitor experience. The marketing proposals to develop the trail. The ‘Lough Derg Waterparks Feasibility Assess- ‘Lough Derg (on the Shannon) Cultural Her- ment’ (2012) examined the type of waterparks itage Trail’ (2015) aims to enrich the visitor ex- that would be appropriate for establishing in perience by focusing on the cultural heritage of 30 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

the Lough Derg area including spiritual heritage One of the strategic goals specifically and traditions, folklore, industrial landscapes, references ‘Promoting the co-ordination sporting heritage and towns and villages. The and protection of biodiversity and en- trail comprises a route of Lough Derg that can hancement of ecosystem services and be explored either by car, bicycle (along the green infrastructure’ (Strategic Goal D12). Lough Derg Cycle Route) or by foot. This report is complemented by the Lough Derg (on the The County Development Plans, Local Shannon) Nature Trail (2015) which showcases Area Plans, and ‘North Tipperary Heri- a new trail around Lough Derg and highlights tage Plan 2013-2018’ and ‘South Tipperary the natural heritage assets of the Lough Derg Heritage Plan 2012-2016’ also promote environs, through distinct ‘discovery points’, the development of greenways and wa- thereby informing and guiding visitors about terways. There are currently two County the rich heritage that exists. The Masterplan Development Plans in effect in Tipperary: Roadmap will continue the development of the tourism infrastructure of Lough Derg in terms • The South Tipperary County Development of its walking, cycling, water-based activities, Plan 2009 (as varied), and while harnessing the natural, built and cultural • The North Tipperary County Development heritage that contributes so significantly to Plan 2010 (as varied). its attractiveness as a location. Lough Derg connects Tipperary with the wider region The County Development Plans set out the through the Shannon and these linkages provide statutory framework for the future plan- additional future opportunities for regional ning and development of the County, in development of ecological connectivity and sus- accordance with Section 10 of the Planning tainable tourism and economic development. and Development Act 2000, as amended, and address relevant issues such as water The Regional Planning Guidelines for the quality, river basin management planning, South-East Region 2010-2022 highlights the tourism and infrastructure etc. A new importance of green infrastructure in land use County Development Plan for Tipperary and planning and environmental protection. will be produced over the coming years Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 31

after the publication of a Spatial and Eco- Europe project in which the former South nomic Plan for the Southern Region and will Tipperary County Council was a partner on have regard to relevant non-statutory studies the project. The objective of the ‘Green and and master plans such as this Green and Blue Futures’ project was to develop the role Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap. of the social economy in the management and development of green and blue infrastructure. The South Tipperary Heritage Plan 2012-2016 specifically identifies the heritage tourism potential of the River Suir through local, regional and European collaborations, such as the ‘Waterways Forward’ and ‘Green and The South Tipperary Blue Futures’ projects. ‘Waterways Forward’ assessed the heritage potential of the River Heritage Plan 2012-2016 Suir, incorporating a study area of 26km of specifically identifies the the former navigation channel and 20km associated towpath of the River Suir between heritage tourism potential Carrick-on-Suir and Clonmel. The result was of the River Suir through a series of short, medium and long term goals local, regional and for the river development. One of the results of the Waterways Forward project was the European collaborations, development and publication of the ‘River such as the ‘Waterways Suir Community Action Plan’, published in Forward’ and ‘Green and 2012. The Action Plan, which had multi-agency support contained 46 community projects, all Blue Futures’ projects. of which focused on different sections of the River Suir. Some of these projects have been completed, while others await commence- ment or implementation. ‘Green and Blue Futures’ was an INTERREG IVB Northwest 32 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

The Tipperary Corporate Plan 2015-2019 which County’s existing natural resources and built and economic decline, experienced in rural ‘Tipperary’s environment establishes a vision for the County and sets out heritage sites, while promoting regional and towns and villages throughout the County. also offers rich assets and key priorities for the County over the lifetime of local enterprise development and tourism by resources through which the plan is strong in its support of the protec- means of the promotion of enhanced sus- Green and blue infrastructure planning through tion and enhancement of the County’s natural tainable natural and built heritage protection. a masterplan roadmap identifies the key areas significant opportunities exist environments and also refers to the develop- Tipperary County Council is one of the key which provide these ecosystem services and to develop new industries ment of ‘a strong network of well-connected partners in the SWARE project which aims to seeks to inform decision-making in order to get and create employment. The and multifunctional green infrastructure which achieve these goals through more integrated the best outcome for the environment and hu- provides an attractive environment to live, work regional and local development programmes, man well-being from these multifunctional land- quality of the environment is and spend leisure time, providing benefits for policies and strategies. It is crucial to the scapes. The proposals outlined in this Master- a major factor in influencing health and opportunities for formal and informal success of this Masterplan Roadmap that it plan Roadmap will set out robust actions which quality of life, and attracting recreation’. The development of water-based incorporates the existing policies, strategies, upon implementation, will foster integrated and retaining businesses and tourism activities and tourism are strongly plans and programmes, to create an inte- management of natural and cultural heritage promoted through the ‘County Tipperary Local grated approach to the future development. within inland waterway areas of the County. employees.’ Economic and Community Plan 2015-2020’, which contains several focused high level goals At a national, regional and local level, polices t i p p e r a r y c o r p o r at e p l a n 2015-2019 and strategic actions to drive economic, social are in place to promote sustainable devel- and community development in the County in opment and to enable the tourism sector in an integrated manner, over the next six years. County Tipperary to grow. The series of policy One of the Strategic Actions included in the extracts highlighted in this section demon- LECP is the identification, promotion and sup- strate the important role of natural and cultural port of specific themes of tourism development heritage in achieving its potential. The Coun- include water-based tourism along the River ty’s waterways are recognised as areas that Suir and Lough Derg (Strategic Action E1.6B). need protection, but also as areas that play an important role in the stimulation of future The SWARE3 project, which is supported economic and social development of the County, by INTERREG Europe seeks to address the providing potential new enterprise and tourism challenge of protecting and supporting the opportunities and helping to reduce the social

3 Sustainable heritage management of WAterway REgions Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 33

2. The Masterplan - Planning for Green and Blue Infrastructure for Tipperary Waterways

The Vision for the River Suir and In order to provide a robust underpinning to planning for green and blue infrastructure Lough Derg is an interconnected for Tipperary waterways, a number of steps network of healthy ecosystems, were followed as outlined in Figure 2.1. habitats and historic places While water quality was a consideration providing local communities with throughout the process, considering the the full range of green and blue extensive work underway by Local Authority Waters and Communities Office (LAWCO) infrastructure with social and and the development of the River Basin economic benefits. Management Plan, it was considered that the identification of projects would focus on biodiversity, recreation, amenity and heritage. Flood attenuation is also considered but has not been a core focus of the output. It is recommended that a catchment wide integration of good green and blue infrastucture practice is developed and progressed for these waterways and that the potential for green infrastructure to replace grey infrastructure approaches to flood management is progressed.

The role of green and blue infrastucture in water attenuation, particularly in the upper catchments, is often overlooked and undervalued. Additional effort on progressing landscape approaches to water attenuation and flood management should be an integral part of the future of Tipperary green and blue infrastucture and flooding control in County Tipperary. 34 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Rock of Cashel, Co. Tipperary

Figure 2.1 Source data from Development of green and Local Authorities Multi-disciplinary blue infrastructure mapping (Digital County GIS and satellite Biodiversity Development Plans, imagery assessment G&BI* Maps habitat surveys…)

Import & structure Determine G&BI* Source data from relevant datasets Reclassify land Recreation elements (Flood other organisations Baseline G&BI* to a Geographical cover, habitat, amenity G&BI* Attenuation, Recre- (Biodiversity Data Map Information zonings etc. as G&BI* Maps ation, Biodiversity) Centre, Birdwatch…) System (GIS) element maps

Source data from rel- Heritage evant Government & G&BI* Maps State Organisations (EPA, NPWS…)

* Green and Blue Infrastucture (G&BI) Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 35

2.1 Where and How Changes are Likely to be Acceptable

The green and blue infrastructure approach Other core areas including upland areas, areas provides project promoters and decision-mak- of woodland and bogs, indicatively shown in ers with a framework for understanding how Figure 1.3 and Figure 1.4 previously, are also best to manage changes in land use and how sensitive to change, and benefit from connecting interventions can enhance the green and blue corridors. The corridors that link core areas – infrastructure network. Parts of the River Suir streams and tributaries, continuous networks and all of Lough Derg is protected by European of hedgerows and woodland, green space and ecological legislation, however, the green infra- streams in urban areas as shown in Figure 1.5 structure approach recognises that all systems - are also sensitive to change, as a break in a are interlinked, and that changes that happen connection can have implications beyond that outside of protected areas can potentially affect specific site. the most important parts of our green and blue infrastructure. This does not mean that nothing can happen within the core or buffer zones; indeed a range The core blue infrastructure areas as indicated of activities are already happening within core on Figure 1.3 in section 1, are the most sensitive areas; fishing, boating, kayaking, wind sailing, to change – the River Suir watercourse and walking, canoeing and rowing. shoreline and the waters and shoreline of Lough Derg. These are the areas where habitats are However, the enabler or promoter of any activity most intact and where changes are most likely or proposal within core areas and buffer zones to result in potential destruction of habitats identified; along the lake, river, woodlands and or species by way of direct reduction in extent uplands needs to ask certain questions: of habitat or indirectly by way of affecting species health or by the introduction of invasive 1. How can the proposal enhance the functions species. A buffer of 10m lines all the core blue of core green and blue infrastructure? infrastructure. This correlates with a 10m buffer Enhancing habitats, attenuating water, zone which requires a proposal to go to Inland improving recreational activity, raising aware- Fisheries Ireland for comment. ness of the contribution of green infrastructure and ecosystem services to society, etc. 36 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Appropriate Assessment

2. How can the proposal contribute to the con- The areas subject to national and international 2. Appropriate Assessment: 4. Imperative Reasons of Overriding Public nectivity of the core? By way of establishment designation have been indicated on Fig 1.3, more Detailed evaluation of plan or project including Interest (IROPI)/Derogation of new corridors; tree lines, hedgerows, streams, detailed GIS digital mapping is available if need- mitigation measures that will be implemented This is the main derogation process of Arti- managed meadow etc. ed. Any plans or projects that have the potential to avoid, reduce or remedy any such potential cle 6(4) which examines whether there are to have an impact on Natura 2000 sites (SPA & adverse impacts. Assessment as to whether, imperative reasons of overriding public interest 3. How can the proposal promote biosecurity SAC) require the carrying out of an Appropriate following the implementation of the proposed (IROPI) for allowing a plan or project that will protocols? Providing disinfection points, equip- Assessment (AA). It is important to note that mitigation measures, it can be concluded, be- have adverse effects on the integrity of a Natura ment washing, awareness raising, contributing the distribution of the conservation interests of yond all reasonable scientific doubt, that there 2000 site to proceed in cases where it has been to citizen science early warning or management Natura 2000 sites can extend beyond the limits will be no adverse impact on the integrity of the initiatives etc. established that no less damaging alternative of Natura 2000 boundaries. relevant Natura 2000 site in light of its conser- solution exists. 4. How will the project impact on the integrity vation objectives. of conservation areas? Improve water qual- This is particularly relevant to species listed ity and biodiversity, reduce negative impacts under Annex II(b) and Annex IV of the Habitats 3. Alternative Solutions from intensive agriculture and invasive species, Directive which are protected wherever they If mitigation is possible that enables a risk to be protect breeding areas for fish and birds and occur in the country e.g. otters and bats, and avoided fully, then, subject to other necessary promote the planting of native trees of Irish aquatic species including freshwater crayfish approvals, the project or plan may proceed. If provenance. and migrating fish of international conservation mitigation measures are insufficient, or are not (e.g. Atlantic salmon and lamprey species).This actually practicable and achievable to avoid the 5. What will the impact of the project or plan be AA process follows a number of clear steps de- risk entirely, then, in the light of a negative as- on the species and habitats that are listed as pending on the potential impact of the project: sessment, the plan or project may not proceed. conservation interests in conservation areas? A wider search for alternative solutions may Improvement in water quality, help to expand 1. Screening stage: distributions of species and habits of conserva- need to be considered. Assessment of the likely significance of the tion importance. effects identified. Exclusion of sites where it can Additional guidance on Appropriate Assessment available at: be objectively concluded that there will be no National Parks and Wildlife Service 6. Can the proposal use an existing part of the www.npws.ie/protected-sites/guidance-appropriate-assessment- grey infrastructure rather than reducing the likely significant effects. If it cannot be conclud- planning-authorities Using existing ed that significant effects on Natura 2000 sites www.npws.ie/sites/default/files/publications/pdf/NPWS_2009_AA_ extent of green infrastructure? Guidance.pdf parking areas, hard edged parts of the river in are not likely then the project must go to full AA. urban areas, existing buildings, access points, Guides Mulkear Life for river restoration and riparian zone enhancement http://mulkearlife.com/best-practice-guides/ poles, hard standing, restoring existing piers etc. Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 37

2.2. Enhancement of Green and Blue Infrastructure and Opportunities for Amenity Provision and Visitor Experience

The mapping of green and blue infrastructure sites, castles, country estates, industrial heri- and a detailed multi-disciplinary examination of tage sites, burial sites and heritage gardens. the entire River Suir and Lough Derg lakeshore using GIS data has resulted in the identification In undertaking the mapping, study area extent of a broad range of existing recreation, amenity areas were applied to clearly delineate the major and heritage sites and facilities (refer to Figures' recreation, amenity and heritage features most 2.2 to 2.8). These existing sites and amenities relevant to the study area, which was principal- contribute significantly to the local community ly, the River Suir and Lough Derg waterways. and visitor experience, and understanding of the river and lake heritage. The exercise identified Different study area extent areas were applied an abundance of recreation, amenity and her- according to the study subject. For example, a itage sites within the vicinity of both the River distance of 500m from the river bank and lake- Suir and Lough Derg. Recreation and amenity shore was applied to national monuments due sites include water based activity activities and to the high volume of national monuments with- clubs (rowing, kayaking, angling), to walking in County Tipperary and in order to maintain a and equestrian trails, while a rich natural, focussed study area. A wider study area extents built and cultural heritage was also identified of 5km was applied to national trails in order to comprising diverse landscapes, flora and fauna, identify linkages with other trails and places of Built heritage along the River Suir, Co. Tipperary waterways, national monuments, ecclesiastical interest that could be incorporated in the green 38 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

and blue infrastructure framework, while taking Image needs to be inserted into consideration key variable such as walkabil- ity, distance to towns, villages and natural and built features of interest. A 2km distance from the River Suir and Lough Derg lakeshore was applied to all amenities and activities.

The maps presented in Figures' 2.2 to 2.8 present the range of recreation, amenity and heritage sites and facilities that currently exists along the River Suir and Lough Derg lakeshore. This information is valuable as it provides a base upon which to assess future opportunities and also identifies where gaps in facilities and amenities may exist along the River Suir and Lough Derg lakeshore.

Kayaking on the River Suir, Co. Tipperary Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 39

Figure 2.2 Lough Derg 1 Northern to Central Section

Terryglass

Ballinderry Kilgarvan Quay

Coolbawn

Borrisokane

Domineer

Garrykennedy 40 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Legend

LD1

Lough Derg

River Suir Figure 2.3 Lough Derg 2 Domineer Central to Southern Section

Garrykennedy

CCastlelough

Portroe

Nenagh

Ballina

Killaloe 42 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Legend

Lough Derg

LD2

River Suir Figure 2.4 River Suir 1 Devil's Bit to Thurles

Templemore 44 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Legend

Lough Derg

River Suir Figure 2.5 River Suir 2 Thurles to Camus Bridge

6 Thurles 6

Holy Cross 46 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Legend

Lough Derg

River Suir Figure 2.6 River Suir 3 Camus Bridge to Cahir

Cashel

Golden

Cahir 48 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Legend

Lough Derg

River Suir Figure 2.7 River Suir 4 Cahir to Clonmel 50 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Lough Derg

River Suir

S4 Figure 2.8 River Suir 5 Clonmel to Carrick-on-Suir

Clonmel M

Carrick-on-Suir

Newcastle 52 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Lough Derg

River Suir

S5 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 53

2.3 Identification of 76 86 Opportunities for Enhanced 77

Green and Blue Infrastructure, 78

85 Amenity Provision and 80

Visitor Experience 81 79 83 75 84 82 74 73

In undertaking the mapping of the green and Figure 2.9 blue infrastructure, a number of opportuni- Indicative projects within 72 71 ties for recreation infrastructure and amenity the Masterplan Roadmap provision were identified, that would improve the current experience of Tipperary water- Indicative Projects* ways’ green and blue infrastructure, while also contribute significantly to the enhancement * Projects that are identified as of the green and blue infrastructure network catchment wide are listed in Appendix 1 70 future. The range of indicative projects, policies 69 and frameworks that have been identified 68 as part of this Masterplan Roadmap, sub- 66 67 ject to the required statutory processes, will 65 contribute to the health and enjoyment of 64 63 Tipperary’s green and blue infrastructure and 61 62 40 39 38 35 60 33 provide economic, social, environmental and 50 41 59 58 46 36 physical benefits. A comprehensive list and 57 42 56 48 44 43 37 detail on the indicative projects, policies and 55 47 45 34 frameworks are included in Appendix 1 while 54 49 53 Figure 2.9 summarises the location of the 52 51 proposed projects on a catchment wide basis.

54 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

2.4 Priority Action Areas

To enable strategic focus and foster commit- lustrates the green and blue infrastructure ben- demonstrated, some projects and policies will ment from stakeholders, the Masterplan Road- efits of each of the indicative projects, policies have a wider range of green and blue infrastruc- map has identified a series of priority action and frameworks presented. Appendix 1 presents ture related benefits, thereby highlighting the areas to bed-in the green and blue infrastruc- the indicative green and blue infrastructure proj- multi-functionality and multi-advantages asso- ture approach along the River Suir and Lough ect, policy and framework in greater detail. ciated with each project, policy and framework. Derg, and expand ecological connectivity within This assists with the decision-making process the county. To assist with the decision-making Each project, policy and framework intervention in identifying priority projects and better inform process in determining the priority action areas, represents its own unique combination of the policy development and action plans. a matrix has been developed (Table 2.1) which il- key green and blue infrastructure benefits. As

Table 2.1 Indicative green and blue infrastructure project and policy matrix

Catchment 2 Interpretation and orientation Framework X X X X X X Framework Short Term wide

Catchment Lough Derg and River Suir activity man- 3 X X X X X X X X Framework Short Term wide agement and coordination mechanism

Catchment Industrial and Angling Heritage and 4 X X X X X X Framework Short Term wide Contemporary Expression Framework Increase participation in Glas 3 agri-en- Catchment 5 vironment scheme and Native Woodland X X X X X Project Short Term wide Establishment Scheme Catchment 6 Reinstatement of hedgerows X X X X X X Policy Medium Term wide Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 55

Catchment Policy/ 8 Enhanced protection of tributaries X X X X X X Short Term wide Project

Catchment Develop and Implement Partnering and 9 X X X X X X Project Short Term wide Community engagement Programmes

Catchment 10 Local Authority capacity building X X X X X X X Project Medium Term wide

Catchment 11 Tipperary Urban Tree Canopy Study X X X X X Project Medium Term wide Digitising and Database Building (To Catchment 12 record and monitor tree canopy and X X X X X X X Project Medium Term wide tunnelling) Catchment Digitising and Database Building - Digital 13 X X X X X X Project Medium Term wide Atlas of Masterplan

Catchment Connectivity of Corridors (establishment 14 X X X X X X X X X Project Short Term wide of a regional green infrastructure forum)

Catchment 15 Water-Based Activity Map X X X X X X Project Medium Term wide

Catchment Managing or eliminating invasive species Policy/ 16 X X X X X X Immediate wide and preventing new species establishing Project

Catchment 17 Urban Habitat Mapping Study X X X X X X X Project Short Term wide

Catchment Protection of watercourses throughout 18 X X X X X X X Policy Immediate wide the River Suir and Lough Derg catchments

Catchment 19 Development Plan Policy - G1 Zoning X X X X X X X X Policy Short Term wide

Catchment Development Plan Policy - Brownfield 20 X X X X X Policy Short Term wide Sites

Catchment Service Station Clean Water Business 21 X X X X Project Immediate wide Charter

Catchment Increase woodland connections from 22 X X X X X X X X Policy Medium Term wide riparian corridors Focus new recreation activities close to Catchment 23 existing recreation and tourism amenities X X X X X X X Project Short Term wide and projects Catchment 24 Reducing run-off to river X X X X Policy Short Term wide 56 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Enhanced Enhanced Enhance Climate Strengtening the linkage/ biosecurity Local green and Better New change Contribution Further Policy, Reference green and blue synergy and man- capacity and Extent Indicative intervention blue infra- access to cycle and mitigation to floodwater survey Project, Priority Number infrastructure between agement resilience structure in waterways walkways and attenuation required Framework network amenities of invasive building urban areas adaptation and heritage species Catchment 25 Quarry / Gravel Pits X X X X Project Medium Term wide Catchment 26 Golf Course Biodiversity Charter X X X X X Policy Medium Term wide Catchment River Tar, Multeen, Aherlow, Anner, Lin- 27 X X X X X X Policy Short Term wide gaun, Multeen (River Suir tributaries) Enahnce G&B infrastructure corridor con- Catchment 28 nectivity to enhance G&B infrastructure X X X X X Policy Short Term wide networks Catchment Loss of knowledge in relation to the river 29 X X X Project Short Term wide and lake

Catchment Green Infrastructure decision support 30 X X X X X X X X Project Short Term wide Toolkits

Catchment Development and enhancement of recre- 31 X X X X Project Medium Term wide ation assets

Catchment Development and enhancement of recre- 32 X X X Project Short Term wide ation assets (river safety measures)

Carrick-on-Suir 33 Ormond Castle X X X X X X Project Medium Term

Carrick-on-Suir 34 Biosecurity Point(s) X X X X X X Project Immediate

Planting programme along the Clonmel / Carrick-on-Suir 35 X X X X X X Policy Medium Term Carrick-on-Suir Greenway

Review of park maintenance and planting Carrick-on-Suir 36 X X X X X X Policy Medium Term in open spaces

Carrick-on-Suir 37 Carrick-on-Suir Green Streets Programme X X X X X Project Short Term

Kilsheelan 38 Motte and Bailey X X Project Medium Term

Kilsheelan 39 Green Infrastructure X X X X X Policy Medium Term

Kilsheelan 40 Enhance Pedestrian Access X X X Project Medium Term

Clonmel 41 Bulmers Orchard X X X X Project Medium Term

Clonmel 42 Suir Island, Clonmel X X X X X X Project Short Term

Clonmel 43 Water Activity Hub X X Project Short Term Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 57

Clonmel 44 Clonmel Green Streets Programme X X X X X Project Medium Term

Clonmel 45 Suir Island, Clonmel X X X X Project Medium Term

Green Infrastructure (GI) Audit and Plan Clonmel 46 X X X X X X X Project Short Term for Clonmel Town

Marlfield 47 Marlfield Masterplan X X X X X X X X X Project Medium Term

Marlfield 48 Marlfield Lakes X X Policy Medium Term

Kilmanahan 49 Kilmanahan Castle X X Project Long Term Castle Marl- 50 Marlfield-Knocklofty-Kilmanahan Circle X X X X Project Medium Term field-Knocklofty Enhance accress from the East Munster Newcastle 51 X X X X X Project Medium Term Way Walking Trail

Newcastle 52 Bird Watching Point X X Project Long Term

Newcastle 53 Prendergast Castle - Village trail X X Project Medium Term

Ardfinnan 54 Biosecurity Point X X X Project Immediate

Review of Park Maintenance and Planting Ardfinnan 55 X X X X X X X Policy Medium Term in Open Spaces

Ardfinnan 56 Green Infrastructure (Zoning) X X X X X Policy Medium Term

Green Infrastructure (Corridors between South Cahir 57 disconnected areas of broad-leaf wood- X X X X X Project Medium Term land)

Cahir 58 Green Infrastructure (Buffer Zones) X X X X Policy Medium Term

Cahir 59 Water Sport Hub X X Project Medium Term

Green Infrastructure (New native wood- Cahir 60 X X X X Project Medium Term land planting)

Cahir 61 Cahir Abbey Quarry Amenity Plan X X X Project Medium Term 58 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Cahir 62 Enhance water based activities X X X X Project Medium Term

Enhance pedestrian trails and connection Cahir 63 X X X X Project Medium Term to local heritage Glen of Aherlow Development of Greenway - Feasibility / Tipperary 64 X X X X X X Project Medium Term Study Town Glen of Aherlow / Tipperary 65 Development of Greenway X X X X X Project Medium Term Town

River Ara 66 River Ara Project X X X X X Project Medium Term

Green Infrastructure (Reinstatement of South Golden 67 X X X Policy Medium Term riparian habitat) Green Infrastructure (Riparian buffer Golden 68 X X X X X Policy Medium Term zone) Review of Park Maintenance and Planting Golden 69 X X X X Policy Medium Term in Open Spaces

Cashel 70 Cashel-River Suir Loop X X Project Medium Term

Thurles Green and Blue Infrastructure Thurles 71 X X X X Project Short Term Audit and Strategy

Thurles 72 Ecological Assessment X X X Project Short Term

Templemore 73 Templemore Green Streets Programme X X X X X X Project Short Term

North Temple- 74 Killea Community Group Biodiversity Plan X X X X X Policy Medium Term more

Suir Source 75 River Catchments X Project Medium Term

Lough Derg 76 Planting Programme X X X X X X Project Short Term (North)

Terryglass 77 Lacustrine Buffer Zone X X X X Project Short Term

Coolbawn 78 Native Woodland Enhancement X X X Policy Medium Term

River Nenagh 79 River Nenagh river works X X Project Medium Term Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 59

Gortmore 82 Bird Watching Point X X X Project Long Term

Lough Derg 83 Lough Derg Walking Trail X X X X Project Medium Term

Ballina 84 Lough Derg Steamship Era X X X Project Long Term

Lough Derg 85 Biophonic Zone X X Project Long Term

Lough Derg 86 Stargazers refuge X Project Long Term 60 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Cahir Viaduct, Co. Tipperary Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 61

2.5 Flood Management

Intensive agriculture has changed the natural Grassy buffer strip - planting rough, un- floodplain and water attenuation functioning managed vegetation alongside a river of most of the lands adjacent to the River Suir. Storage area - creating large ponds on While the current approach to flood manage- open land ment to date along the Suir has primarily fo- Floodplain reconnection - lowering or cused on grey infrastructure approaches, there removing an embankment, or raising a is scope for updating this policy to incorporate a river bed to enable a river to use its natural wider range of nature-base solutions to manage floodplain water movement within the catchment. Gully planting - planting trees and plants up deep gullies at the river source While this project has not identified specific locations for water attenuation, floodplain Farmland storage - blocking existing restoration or upland planting for greater water drainage channels or damming of natural depressions absorption, many of the proposals listed in Appendix 1 if implemented on sufficient scale Moorland grip blocking - hammering mini will contribute to reducing the extent of hard dams into a bog engineering required to manage the increased Riparian tree planting - planting tree likelihood and frequency of flood events arising buffers between a river and nearby land from climate change and damage to natural River restoration or meandering - floodplains. The full range of green and blue reintroducing meanders into a river where it infrastructure flood management approaches has been straightened over time would include: Woody debris - installing large woody debris, such as fallen tree trunks, across a stream Wetland connection - removing barriers such as embankments between a river and its natural floodplain 62 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Case Study: with 1 km of hedgerows and 0.5 ha of tradition- ties and nature. By using green infrastructure to al orchards, wildflower meadows, woodland regenerate brownfield land and help surround- copses, and scattered tree and shrub planting. ing communities adapt to climate change, Beam Using flood management as a The project design also incorporated some of Parklands also fulfils a key objective of the the historic features of the park, with a World London Riverside Regeneration and Physical War II pillbox being converted for a bat roost. Development Framework. From the project catalyst to create an attractive, inception, the plan was designed according to Other works undertaken as part of the Beam quality greenspace standards and sustainable Parkland project included re-meandering 150m principles, with the core objective of delivering biodiverse community asset that of the Wantz Stream, re-profiling approximately multiple benefits from a single open space. This 600m of the River Beam banks and installing sustainable approach guided the construction reconnects people and nature in-channel features along a 300m stretch. A of the parkland, for example, all excavated blockstone weir was also installed in the Wantz material from the floodplain was reused on Stream to encourage greater colonisation site and, throughout the site, habitat creation by reeds upstream and generate more gradi- focussed on natural regeneration to reduce the ent downstream for a fast flowing, sinuous potential risk of introducing invasive species. Beam Parklands demon- poorly used by local communities at South Da- genham and Mardyke. The site was also a habi- watercourse that is attractive for people and The Land Trust took over ownership of the tat for a number of protected species and a wide incorporates banks designed for wildlife. Back- strates how a green and blue Parklands. The Beam Parklands Partnership variety of wetland birds The NEAS recommend- waters have also been created on the rivers to Project was funded by over £1.5m from the infrastructure approach can ed that the project site would need to extend be- enhance their suitability for fish populations. European Regional Development Fund and yond the existing floodplain into land owned by not only enhance a site’s £0.5m from the Environment Agency. Further the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham, New entrances to the Beam Parklands were funding came from the Big Lottery Fund ‘Access primary function as a flood in order for the project to be financially viable, created at the north, south and west of the park, to Nature’ grant. The Homes and Commu- and environmentally and socially sustainable. and 8km of pathways, of which 4km are suitable defence, but create high-qual- for cyclists were cionstructed. A footbridge over nities Agency provided an endowment fund of £1.9m to maintain the parkland in perpe- To deliver the necessary improvements to the River Beam was also constructed, which ity multi-use wildlife hab- tuity. This is highly significant as it ensures flood-water management and in the most hs helped to link communities at Dagenham future site management, administration and itat and public amenity. cost-effective manner, the project focused on Village and Mardyke Estate in Rainham, which maintenance costs can be met, together with the floodplain. Approximately 30,000m3 of ad- were previously fragmented by the site. Natural playgrounds have been created using spoil the assured availability of funding for future Opened in 2011, Beam Parklands (53ha) is a ditional flood storage was created through exca- excavated from the floodplain and natural logs, ecological, research, educational and com- multi-functional wetland park in east London vation works, to reduce the level of flood risk to and new viewing points have been inserted munity projects and events at the parklands. that is located on the floodplain of the River an estimated 400 homes, local businesses and Barking Power Station. Simultaneously, the En- at the Wantz Stream. Tree planting has been Beam, a tributary of the River Thames. Prior Beam Parklands was awarded the Chartered vironment Agency part-funded the creation of 12 designed to reflect natural woodlands and to the creation of Beam Parklands, the site Institute of Water and Environment Manage- ha of UK Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) priority following public consultation and feedback, functioned solely as a flood storage reservoir. ment’s (CIWEM) Living Wetlands Award in habitat. A detailed site appraisal determine the two new community orchards were integrated recognition of the environmental benefits the During early upgrade works to increase the flood most appropriate habitat types for the site, re- in the north east and north west of the park. project has achieved. It also won the Brown- storage capacity of the site, the Environment sulting in the incorporation of ponds, reedbeds, field Award for ‘Best Use of Brownfield Space’. Agency’s National Environmental Assessment lowland fen and wet woodland within the River Beam Parklands delivers a critical part of the Service (NEAS) identified the potential for an Beam floodplain and its tributary, the Wantz All London Green Grid (ALGG) through the For more information see ambitious green infrastructure scheme.A site Stream. Excavated material from the site was provision of wildlife-rich corridors that connect appraisal revealed a highly biodiverse, semi-nat- reused outside of the floodplain. Two hectares the River Beam to its surrounding green spaces www.naturalengland.org.uk ural and attractive site that was unvalued and of acid grassland has been created, together and enhances the link between local communi- Source: Natural England 2013, Catalogue Code: NE444 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 63

3. Roadmap for Delivery and Implementation

3.1 Overview of Delivery and Implementation

A strategic implementation Successful delivery of the Masterplan Roadmap • Contributing to climate change requires a programmatic approach and commit- mitigation and adaptation; roadmap is required to support the ted resourcing and funding to ensure effective • Reducing resource consumption by lowering planning and resourcing process delivery and implementation. The delivery of the energy use or increaing available water supply; Roadmap Masterplan represents a transforma- for the promotion and expansion of tion in ambition as regards the development of • Attracting new investments or new green and blue infrastructure. green and blue infrastructure in County Tipper- businesses to an area, and ary, and its benefits will be far reaching for the inspires new business models; and, county’s biodiversity, recreation and tourism offerings and enhance health and wellbeing. • Improving cost efficiencies arising from negative environmental effects and im While green and blue infrastructure sig- proved health benefits, through for example, nificantly contributes to the protection of disaster prevention and mitigation (floods, natural capital, investing in green and blue droughts, forest fires, heat waves, landslides). infrastructure also strongly contributes towards one of the EU's priority objectives: The River Basin Management Plan currently smart, sustainable and inclusive growth by: in development will prove a strong supporting framework for this Masterplan as it provides 64 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

long-term support and will act as a driver for of sustainable development, recognising the the implementation of the actions, while the potential to grow and develop projects that Masterplan Roadmap incorporates oppor- respects the landscape character and ecological tunities which support the objectives of the value of the waterways and their corridors. River Basin Management Plan. Furthermore, the new County Development Plan for Tipper- The indicative actions put forward in this Mas- ary will have regard to relevant studies and terplan Roadmap are supported by the identifi- masterplans, such as this, and the actions will cation of bodies that will oversee the implemen- assist in informing future policy and planning. tation of the actions, as a key component to its successful delivery. Increasing and maintaining The approach taken in formulating this stakeholder cooperation (private landowners, Masterplan Roadmap delivers a clear, evi- relevant governmental agencies and NGO’s, dence-based framework that will protect and commerce groups, community groups) over the enhance the green and blue infrastructure in long term is also a key factor in the successful and around the River Suir and Lough Derg, implementation of the actions. Stakeholder while contributing positively to the develop- engagement and cooperation will be promoted ment of the tourism and recreation sector in and supported through these targeted actions, a way that fully incorporates the principles which includes the designation of responsi- bility for the delivery of each of the actions. View of Cahir Castle and the River Suir, Co. Tipperary Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 65

3.2 Funding for Green and Blue Infrastructure

Funding for green and blue infrastructure can • Structural Funds (European Regional be sourced from a range of EU, national and Development Fund and European Social Fund) private sector sources. However, it should be • European Maritime and Fisheries Fund noted that the implementation of policy and • European Agricultural Fund for Rural education programmes at a county and local Development level can have significant green and blue infra- • European Fund for Strategic Investment structure benefits, where each of us is made • EU Rural Development Programme responsible for and aware of the green and blue infrastructure in our towns, villages and farms. • EU INTERREG Programme • EU Horizon 2020 and Nature based solutions Sources of Green and Blue Infrastructure • EU LIFE Programme 2014-2020 Funding: Ireland Europe • Outdoor Recreation Infrastructure Scheme • (NCFF) - Natural Capital Financing Facility (DRCD) The Commission and the European Investment Bank (EIB) have established a NCFF. The NCFF • Town and Village Renewal Scheme (DRCD) will finance investments in natural capital • Rural Economic Development Zone (REDZ) projects, including in green infrastructure, (DRCD) which generate revenues or save costs and • Funding ‘National Strategy for Angling contribute to nature, biodiversity and climate Development Fund – IFI change adaptation objectives. The NCFF is • Midland Fisheries Fund – IFI open to public and private entities, where • Salmon Conservation Fund - IFI appropriate cooperating in partnerships. In- vestments could for example focus on ecosys- • Tipperary County Council’s Scheme of Capital tem restoration projects as insurance against Grants (General Development Contribution floods or draughts or to improve water quality Scheme under Section 48 of the Planning and Development Acts) 66 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Tourism Sector Investment Green and Blue Infrastructure In Ireland, the total rate Cost-Benefit Resources The ‘Strategic Tourism Marketing, Experience of return on government & Destination Development Plan 2016 – 2021’ Important considerations in relation to develop- support to the Burren for County Tipperary recognises the opportuni- ing and expanding green and blue infrastructure ties that exist in building synergies between dif- are the ongoing and future management and park was estimated ferent tourism product offerings in order to deliv- maintenance costs requirements or lifecycle (conservative) to be in er a top-quality visitor experience and extending costs; for example, management and mainte- the range of 353% – 383%, visitors length of stay. This Masterplan Roadmap nance, protective actions and any monitoring presents new tourism and recreation opportu- that may be required. Budgetary requirements (without or with tourism), nities that complement the county’s tourism for such ecosystem services therefore need to be strategy and consequently, there may be poten- and 235% if all operating carefully considered through costs analysis and tial to access tourism related funding sources cost-benefit analysis, to inform decision-mak- costs of the farming or attract new private tourism investment. ing. However, the benefits can far out-weight programme and all direct the associated costs as green and blue infra- Private Sector Investments payments are considered structure proves very cost-effective and can

Investing in green and blue infrastructure can result in costs savings for local government, c o s t s a n d s o c i o - e c o n o m i c b e n e f i t s also bring about significant returns for the organisations and communities. For example, a s s o c i at e d w i t h t h e n at u r a 2000 private sector. Green and blue infrastructure can green and blue infrastructure is very effective n e t w o r k . f i n a l r e p o r t t o t h e e u r o p e a n c o m m i s s i o n (2010) be used by developers to increase land value in mitigating flood risk by slowing and reducing or to protect assets from the impact of climate stormwater discharges. Designing stormwater change given the carbon storage, soil erosion management systems based on green infra- and flood control services of many ecosystems. structure rather than on grey infrastructure can Green and blue infrastructure also provides great result in lower capital construction costs, while financing opportunities linked to innovation also incorporating the added environmental, (such as innovative planning approaches, the social, health and wellbeing benefits that are design of urban elements enhancing biodiversity, generated, as demonstrated through the Beam technologies enhancing ecosystem services). Parklands case study (see Section 2.5 previously). Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 67

3.3 Integration of the Green and Blue Infrastructure Masterplan into Land Use Planning

Planning has a key role in the delivery of green very positively to the expansion of green and blue and blue infrastructure projects within County infrastructure networks. Green and blue infra- Tipperary. State and semi-State bodies, together structure can be integrated into the Development with private land owners should be encouraged Plan policies and objectives under a series of to host improved green and blue infrastructure headings including: Leisure, Recreation and Open benefits, and planning by way of the Coun- Space; Natural and Built Heritage; Community ty Development Plan is to ensure improved Development; Regeneration of Strategic Town environmental coherence when planning. Green Centre Sites, Integrated Land Use and Sustain- and blue infrastructure plays a key role in the able Transportation and a dedicated Green and coherence of environmental assets through the Blue Infrastructure Development Plan Strategy. integration of ecological networks and corridors. In this regard, it is the therefore the role A positive example of green infrastructure of the County Development Plan to support and land use zoning is in Carrick-on-Suir, whereby promote the enhancement of green and blue a 10m buffer zone has been applied to Zone infrastructure through the incorporation of rel- G1 Open Space before existing residential evant land use policies and objectives that sup- and new/proposed residential. This land use port and facilitate the protection, enhancement policy zoning designation lends very positively and management of environmental resources to the enhancement and expansion of green and expansion of green and blue infrastructure infrastructure, and is particularly important for networks. The Masterplan Roadmap provides areas in the vicinity of drainage ditches, streams a framework which will support planners in the and rivers. The incorporation of conservation, development of green and blue infrastructure amenity or buffer space corridor/ belt landscape planning and identify new land use opportunities. lends to best practice. A key part of protecting the functions of green infrastructure is to locate Land use zoning is a key element as it indicates new development within existing settlements the planning control objectives of the local and developed areas. This is supported by authority for all lands in its administrative area the county’s Tourism Strategy with Clonmel and, therefore, the incorporation of supportive and Carrick-on-Suir identified as hubs and green infrastructure zoning requirements lends orientation points for the River Suir. 68 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Land Use Zonings

Under the General Zone Types (GZTs) Classi- 3. Conservation, amenity or buffer space, corri- The GZT categorisation enables comparisons to The Department of fication Scheme, there is a dedicated category dor/belt, landscape protection (G3) –intended be made between different Plans and is valuable for ‘Green’ / Recreation/Conservation (G) related for zones where the main aim is to provide some in helping to develop consistent statistics Housing, Planning, issues. This general zone type is sub-cate- level of conservation, whether of biodiversi- regarding the amount of land zoned ‘G’ in areas gorised under the following five headings: ty, visual amenity. Natura 2000 sites or other which contain more than one Plan. Maintaining Community and Local designations in terms of EU Directives would not a consistent categorisation across all plans 1. Open space, park (G1) - intended for zones be recorded as part of this general zone type. facilitates enhanced assessment, monitoring Government (DHP- where the intention is to retain areas as un- and measurement of land zoned that support developed and for mainly passive open space 4. Active open space (G4) – intended for zones and promote green and blue infrastructure. In CLG) has devised a related activities. The open space/park areas which provide for stadia, sports fields, golf the context of developing regional green and could of course contain active play facilities courses, etc. If these facilities are part of a much blue infrastructure networks, a standardised General Zone Types such as children’s play areas but these would larger open area zone then a judgement call is zoning would facilitate the improved identi- be only a smaller component (say under 30%) of required to determine if the zone falls within this fication of zoned lands and monitoring the (GZTs) Classifica- the overall area involved. Judgement calls may sub-category or the Open space, park sub-cat- benefits on a regional basis. This should be be required if the active component exceeds egory (G1). As a general guide, if more than 30% considered in the context of the new County tion Scheme in or- e.g. 30% as to whether the zone falls within this but less than 50% of the area would be taken Development Plan and future Local Area Plans. category or the Active open space category (G4). up with the facilities mentioned above then it is der to standardised probably the case that the zone should be clas- 2. Walkway, cycleway, bridle paths (G2) - in- sified into this sub-category, with a judgement zone types across tended for zones where the main intention is to call being required to make the final determina- provide for travel by foot, cycle or horse. They tion. If more than 50% of the land area would different Develop- most frequently occur alongside rivers but also be so taken up then the zone would definitely occur elsewhere. In some cases, they occur as need to be classified into this sub-category. ment and Local Area buffer corridors and could be classified into the sub-category G3 mentioned below, but 5. Mixed/general ‘green’, recreation and Plans nationally. in such cases it would be more appropriate conservation and other (G5) - intended to to place these zones into this sub-category cater for those cases where a zone contains where there is specific mention of their role in objectives which explicitly straddle two or relation to walking, cycling or horse riding. more of the other sub-categories (G1 to G4). Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 69

Decision Support Tools

The development of decision support tools as Examples of different decision-making tools design strategies in the master planning process benefits of Green Infrastructure are reflected proposed in the government’s ‘Ireland 2020: for green streets; and a Checklist for Integrating in all relevant development proposals that can Our Plan Issues and Choices’ (as part of the forth- As part of the Dún Laoghaire Rathdown County Green Infrastructure into Planning Policy and make a contribution to the delivery of the Green coming National Planning Framework) would Development Plan 2016-2022 Green and Blue Development Masterplans which comprises a Infrastructure Network in the Development Plan/ positively lend to ‘ensure greater environmental Infrastructure Strategy, two green infrastructure checklist of key green and blue infrastructure Local Area Plan.’ coherence when planning for future growth such toolkits have been incorporated: Green Streets planning, design and management consider- as inclusion of green infrastructure planning Stormwater Design Toolkit which helps to guide ations ‘to help ensure that the multifunctional and coherent landscape classification as part of mainstream plan making’. Decision support tools are continuously being developed to assist decision-makers in achieving enhanced Table 3.1 environmental coherence in planning. Such tools Green Streets Stormwater Design Toolkit include matrix tools, GIS site locator tools, and cost-benefit analysis tools to assist in the mone- tary valuation of green infrastructure in the same Design Strategy Possible Measures terms as those used by decision-makers in other • Landscaping around footpaths and cycle ways, such as pocket parks investment areas. • Permeable paving to footpaths and cycle ways • Moveable planters on footpaths and cycle ways Reduce impermeable area • Green roofs to buildings draining to street • Permeable paving on the street • Green track technology for tram and railways

• Stormwater kerb extensions and planters Stormwater attenuation and storage • Green gutters along tram lines and railways

• Stormwater canopies and green roofs at transport stops and intersections Above ground attenuation and storage • Street tree canopies for stormwater interception

Underground attenuation and storage • Infiltration zones

Source: Dún Laoghaire Rathdown County Development Plan 2016-2022 Green infrastructure Strategy 70 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

GreenPlan-IT ToolKit The United States Environmental Protection Agency together with the State Water Resources Control Board have developed the GreenPlan-IT ToolKit, a GIS and modelling, planning level toolkit that assists municipalities to strategically identify optimal green infrastructure sites and features, locate or enhance green infrastructure assets and monitor the effectiveness of these installations.

Key features of the GreenPlan-IT ToolKit include:

Feasibility Module (Locator Tool) Cost/Benefit Analysis (Optimization Tool) – a bespoke ArcGIS based site locator tool for - a cost-benefit analyses to identify the best identifying, ranking, and mapping potential combinations of Green Infrastructure types and Green Infrastructure locations within water- number of sites within a watershed for achieving sheds. load and volume reduction goals.

Effectiveness Module (Modelling Tool) Landscape Visualization (Tracker Tool) - a hydrologic and water quality tool that quan- - helps municipalities to track their placement tifies reductions in stormwater and associated of green infrastructure in the landscape via an pollutants that result from optimal placement of online tool. Once placed on the map, then the Green Infrastructure in a particular watershed. features enter a portfolio to calculate total PCB, mercury, and stormwater flow reductions.

For more information see greenplanit.sfei.org Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 71

3.4 Measuring Progress and Benefits

The actions contained with the Masterplan response to EU and national legislative and Roadmap have been informed by the assessment statutory requirements, including the Water of the existing green and blue infrastructure Framework Directive, Flood Risks Directive, Hab- landscape, recreation, amenity and heritage itats Directive, Birds Directive, National Climate sites, and consultation with stakeholders. They Change Adaptation Framework, River Basin provide for a significant opportunity to substan- Management Plan for Ireland 2018-2021, Nation- tially enhance green and blue infrastructure in al Landscape Strategy for Ireland 2015-2025, and the County. The actions proposed in Appendix the Regional Planning Guidelines for the South- 1 are strategic in nature and each action has East Region 2010-2022, and provide guidance for been assigned a body responsible for overseeing the future strategic direction of green and blue its implementation in addition to other bodies infrastructure policy for the county in subse- that may be required to assist in its implemen- quent years. tation. A key component of the success of the Masterplan Roadmap implementation is that The European Commission provides a series the actions are aligned with a measuring and/ of core advisory documents for assessing the or monitoring mechanism to allow Tipperary benefits of green and blue infrastructure proj- County Council to determine its progress and/ ects. Measuring progress and benefits can be or benefits to the delivery of green and blue undertaken in a series of ways. For example, in infrastructure. terms of assessing green and blue infrastructure provision benefits, Tipperary County Council The actions cover a wide range of ecological, could assess the benefits in solely environmental heritage, recreation, amenity and tourism areas terms: the extent and quality of habitats, the to maximise the promotion and development area of habitat restored, length of corridors of green and blue infrastructure, including provided and the number of trees planted. Other protection, conservation, awareness, education types of benefits could include ecosystem ser- and accessibility. The actions involve a range vices (improvements in water quality, reduction of response types including the formulation in soil erosion, number of users using greenways, of frameworks relating to biosecurity and the the reduction in flood risk), or socio-economic management of invasive species, industrial benefits (reduction in expenditure in water treat- heritage, the coordination of activities, process ment, the reduction in property damage arising View from St. Thomas' Bridge, Clonmel, Co. Tipperary reviews and monitoring. The implementation of from flooding, costs savings from a reduction in these actions is envisaged to add to the county’s grey infrastructure requirements). 72 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

As the importance and benefits of green and blue infrastructure become increasingly apparent globally, there are increasing decision support tools emerging to assist in determining environmental valuation. In the UK, a consortium comprising public and private partners has developed a Green Infrastructure Valuation Toolkit source to measure the potential economic and wider socio-economic returns from investment in green infrastructure and environmental improvements. The toolkit includes a calcula- tor that incorporates a set of individual spreadsheet-based tools to assess the value of green assets or projects across a range of likely areas of benefit, including health, property values and climate change. Strengths and weaknesses associated with the toolkit are outlined in the user guide, in addition to areas where further tool development is needed.

More information on this toolkit is available at: http://bit.ly/givaluationtoolkit Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 73

4. Summary and Conclusion

The development and delivery 4.1 Summary of a Green and Blue Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways can direct and guide green and blue infrastructure development to capture the benefits of an integrated and focussed approach. These benefits come from improved efficiencies Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways, a structured in joint and coordinated projects and initia- approach was employed. The baseline research tives, as well as having the potential to support and consultation stages, together with an in green and blue infrastructure development in a depth GIS mapping process provided the founda- unified voice. One of the key advantages of this tion for the development of indicative actions set Masterplan Roadmap is that it fully takes into out in this document. consideration the distinct characteristics of the River Suir and Lough Derg waterways, having While the scope of the study brief focussed solely undertaken an in-depth assessment of the areas on the administrative boundaries of Tipperary existing green and blue infrastructure, ecolog- County Council, it is recognised that green and ical diversity, landscape character, recreation, blue infrastructure networks expand beyond the amenities and heritage sites. administrative county boundary, with the River Suir extending through County Waterford, while Through the baseline research and consultation, Lough Derg extends to counties Clare and Gal- specific areas of opportunity have emerged deliv- way. Extending the green and blue infrastructure ering significant potential for the enhancement network regionally would have greater benefits, of biodiversity, new and improved recreation particularly in terms of meeting EU and national opportunities and tourism development. frameworks and commitments. As such, one of To derive an agreed Green and Blue Masterplan the indicative actions set out in the Masterplan 74 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Roadmap concerns working with neighbouring Figure 4.1 local authorities, and existing cross-county Overall Approach to Formulation of Green and organisations to establish a regional green Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for infrastructure forum in order to connect and Tipperary Waterways. enhance green and blue infrastructure networks on a regional basis.

* Green and Blue Infrastucture (G&BI)

SWARE Project Baseline Sector Indicative Green & Blue research and G&BI* and Public Action Infrastructure GIS mapping Consultation Proposals Roadmap exercise Tipperary County Council

4.2 Conclusion

This Green and Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways has identified high The actions help to address environmental, social, economic and infrastructure needs within the study level green and blue infrastructure assets and networks within the county, specifically within the River area. This Masterplan Roadmap is not a standalone document, as it is intended that the indicative Suir and Lough Derg. It is the intention that the Masterplan Roadmap will act as a portfolio of ideas actions set out in this document will contribute positively to the development of a robust evidence for future projects/actions (ecological, infrastructure, education, community, research, promotional, base for the local development framework, assisting in informing future policy, statutory plans etc.) to submit for funding to future calls for proposals from various sources. A list of potential funding and land use planning, driven principally through the County Development Plan. This Masterplan sources has been outlined within this Masterplan Roadmap, however, this is in no way an exhaustive Roadmap also complements the River Basin Management Plan as many of its actions will contribute list of funding availability, and new funding opportunities may arise in the future. to improved water quality, and thus helping to meet River Basin Management Plan objectives as set out under the Water Framework Directive (WFD). Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 75

Appendix 1 List of Identified Projects

Project / Lead Partner/ Project Action Areas/ Extent Subject Project Description Policy / Supporting Priority AA Screening* Number Topic Framework Partner(s)

Tipperary It is recommended that a specific River Suir and Lough Derg biosecurity framework is formulated County Council to develop a cohesive approach to biosecurity within the catchments. The framework would (Environment), include the assessment of risks within the catchments and determine suitable activities. Potential LAWCO, Management within the framework for the establishment of an oversight group which may comprise representa- DCHG, NPWS, Biosecurity Not likely but impacts on Natura of Invasive tives from Tipperary County Council, IFI, LAWCO, Waterways Ireland, Canoe Ireland and others. Waterways Catchment Framework for 2000 sites and SSCO's should be 1 species near It is suggested that a lead agency oversees the formulation and establishment of the oversight Framework Ireland, Tip- Immediate wide River Suir and taken into account in the devel- Green and Blue group. There is also the potential to initiaite Citizens Science projects as part of this framework. perary Sports Lough Derg opment of the Framework. Infrastructure Potential activities would include a catchment wide assessment of invasive species possibly using Partnership, citizen science and schools to map the extent of riparian invasives and the drawing up of zones IFI, EPA, where strict biosecurity measures and/or control is needed. The Framework could also include the National Bio- establishment of pilot disinfection/decontamination stations. diversity Data Centre

It is recommended that an Interpretation and Orientation Framework is formualted for the River Enhanced link- Suir. Tipperary County Council as lead agency would work closely with other bodies such as Fáilte Tipperary ages between Ireland, TII, and IFI to capture and arrange the stories of the River Suir and enable visitors to County Council Interpretation Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; Catchment amenities learn about the place by participating in activities. This would also include an audit of existing (Tourism), 2 and Orientation Framework Short Term consultation recommended with wide and identify signage and the preparation of a signage strategy for the River Suir. This would build on the previ- Tipperary Framework NPWS in Natura 2000 sites. opportunities ous work of the Tipperary County Museum in relation to education, outreach, interpretation, and County for synergy preparation of multi-media projects.This project would also need to establish itself with ongoing Museum work in relation to developing, interpreting and promoting the Munster Vales proposition.

Lough Derg – Lough Derg Identified need for proactive management of activities on Lough Derg and the River Suir to Marketing preserve and protect natural habitats and biodiversity, provide opportunities for research and Group (LDMG) facilitate sustainable and responsible recreation and tourism activities. This would include a River Suir Lough Derg detailed assessment of seasonal sensitivities, conflicts and management plan to instil sensitive – Tipperary and River Suir and sustainable development of activities taking into account biodiversity and user needs. The Enhancing G County Council Catchment activity man- seasonal carrying capacity of Lough Derg and the River Suir in relation to tourism and particular 3 and B Infra- Framework (Environment/ Short Term AA Screening Necessary wide agement and activities needs to be evaluated as part of this assessment. On the ground, Public Consultation structure Tourism)/ coordination would be critical and should be a part of this from an early stage. In Lough Derg consultation NPWS/ mechanism identified the need to have a focal point within the lake and the need for Local harbour masters to LAWCO/IFI/ reduce overstaying of vessels, the provision of boating services at strategic localities, the develop- Waterways ment of an annual licence fee, the regulation of boat size and power of vessels on the Shannon and Ireland/ Tip- the banning of air boats perary Sports Partnership

Enhanced link- Industrial Tipperary Formulation of an Industrial and Angling Heritage and Contemporary Expression Framework ages between and Angling County Council which would identify local industrial heritage sites, identify opportunities for establishment of new Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; Catchment amenities Heritage and (Heritage), 4 enterprises which continue local industrial skills and create local stories around the industrial her- Framework Short Term consultation recommended with wide and identify Contemporary Tipperary itage of the county. The output from this framework would contribute to the Tipperary component NPWS in Natura 2000 sites. opportunities Expression County of Fáilte Ireland’s Ancient East promotion. for synergy Framework Museum

*AA screening ranking is based on initial high level understanding of projects. This is only indiciative and the precautionaly principle should be applied. Consultation should be carried out with IFI and NPWS with respect to projects and plans. 76 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Project / Lead Partner/ Project Action Areas/ Extent Subject Project Description Policy / Supporting Priority AA Screening* Number Topic Framework Partner(s)

Increase participation in Glas 3 Work with Teagasc to encourage take-up of the Glas 3 agri-environment scheme, in particular the agri-environ- Enhancing G protection of the river bank from cattle poaching in the upper catchments, removal of invasive Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; Catchment ment scheme Teagasc, 5 and B Infra- species and the planting of riparian corridors. Areas of erosion and cattle poaching should be Project Short Term consultation recommended with wide and Native LAWCO, IFI structure identified and rectified. The importance of drainage ditches and hedgerows to flood alleviation NPWS/ IFI Woodland and biodiversity should be relayed. Establishment Scheme

General policy of improving GI and particular the planting of native hedgerows. A rapid desktop Enhancing G evaluation of the loss of hedgerows using GIS since 1995 could be carried out to help gain public Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; Catchment Reinstatement LAWCO, Medium 6 and B Infra- support and promote the need for additional planting. There is an opportunity for a potential Policy consultation recommended with wide of hedgerows Teagasc Term structure initiative to encourage farmers within the River Suir and Lough Derg catchments to prioritise NPWS in Natura 2000 sites. hedgerows either side of the river in order to enhance biodiversity and GI infrastructure corridors.

Undertake a dedicated project to link core areas and habitats by ways of GI corridors. In public/ Enhancing G Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; Catchment Riparian Buffer open spaces there is opportunity through new management practices for new planting scheme to LAWCO, Medium 7 and B Infra- Project consultation recommended with wide Zones increase tree and hedgerow density and introduce riparian planting to the public space in order the Teagasc, IFI Term structure NPWS / IFI extend GI in the locality.

Tipperary Due to fact that tributaries (and in particular salmon and lamprey spawning areas) are more County Council susceptible to the impact of pollution, cattle poaching and tunnelling it is important that close (Environment), Enhancing G Enhanced Catchment attention is paid to agriculture and biosecurity in the upper catchments. Opportunity to initiate a Policy/ LAWCO, 8 and B Infra- protection of Short Term AA Screening Necessary wide public information campaign on the importance and sensitivities of tributaries within the county, Project DCHG, IFI, structure tributaries tailored to include education information on biosecurity and invasive species.This awareness EPA, National raising could also include schools. Biodiversity Data Centre

Promote, incubate and foster increased knowledge of the Green Infrastructure amongst members of the public through a range of initiatives including, for example: building on the work (and com- pleting the projects) as set out in the Green and Blue Futures programme; consider implementa- Tipperary tion of stewardship programmes along the River Trust model, building and strengthening existing County Council networks of Suir and Lough Derg communities (sharing of best practice amongst community Enhanced link- Develop and (Environment/ groups); projects in collaboration with the Young Scientists and Young Environmentalist awards; Not likely but impacts on Natura ages between Implement Heritage), promoting projects on programmes such as Eco-eye; finding synergies with the an Taisce Schools 2000 sites and SSCO's should Catchment amenities Partnering and LAWCO, EPA, 9 Green Flag programme, including for example, a Suir Badge for students involved in river related Project Short Term be taken into account in the de- wide and identify Community IFI, Commu- projects; preparation of a pull-out map of the full river; working with Tidy Towns groups to include velopment of the programmes/ opportunities Engagement nity Wetlands, "Tidy River" projects; initiation of food foraging projects to promote the link between environmen- projects. for synergy Programmes Irish Rural tal quality and food, and the creation of an online information portal specific to County Tipperary Link, Tidy to inform the public about the concept of green infrastructure, its importance (particularly in rela- Towns tion to biodiversity and flood mitigation) and disseminate information to the public about current and upcoming projects, workshops, publications and how members of the public can contribute to green infrastructure expansion and enhancement.

Adapt the EPA ‘GI Quest Game’ model to a Tipperary context for application at a Local Authority Enhanced link- multi-disciplinary event, whereby the EPA GI Quest game is used as a capacity building and learn- Tipperary Not likely but impacts on Natura ages between Local Author- ing tool within Tipperary County Council in order to stimulate collaborative learning around green County Council 2000 sites and SSCO's should Catchment amenities Medium 10 ity capacity and blue Infrastructure and encourage interdisciplinary thinking. It is recommended that this is Project (Environment/ be taken into account in the de- wide and identify Term building done via an internal collaborative event involving practitioners from a range of backgrounds within Heritage), velopment of the programmes/ opportunities Tipperary County Council, and where responsibilities and resources in the context of enhancing LAWCO projects. for synergy and extending green and blue infrastructure throughout the catchments are discussed and agreed. Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 77

Project / Lead Partner/ Project Action Areas/ Extent Subject Project Description Policy / Supporting Priority AA Screening* Number Topic Framework Partner(s)

Not likely but impacts on Natura Undertake a ‘Tipperary Urban Tree Canopy Study’ to investigate urban forest cover in urban areas Tipperary Tipperary 2000 sites and SSCO's should Catchment Further Surveys of the county along the Suir and Lough Derg corridors to quantify the existing canopy cover and County Council Medium 11 Urban Tree Project be taken into account in the de- wide required its spatial distribution, identify the proportion of canopy in public ownership and estimate the (MDs & Plan- Term Canopy Study velopment of the programmes/ environmental services provided by the existing cover. ning) projects.

Not likely but impacts on Natura Develop a geographical information system (GIS) to record and monitor tree canopy which will Digitising and Tipperary 2000 sites and SSCO's should Catchment Further surveys facilitate future recommendations for tree canopy expansion. This could possibly extend to other Medium 12 Database Project County Council be taken into account in the de- wide required areas within the catchment and include details on areas where excessive tunnelling is an existing Term Building (GIS / MDs) velopment of the programmes/ or likely problem. projects.

Not likely but impacts on Natura Digitising and Create a user friendly digital atlas of the Green infrastructure masterplan so communities can Tipperary 2000 sites and SSCO's should Catchment Digital data Medium 13 Database identify their locality's importance with the wider green infrastructure setting. Enable the digital Project County Council be taken into account in the de- wide management Term Building atlas to grow in detail with the input of citizens (in the style of google maps/photos) (GIS) velopment of the programmes/ projects.

Tipperary Working with adjacent local authorities, and existing cross-county organisations such as the County Lough Derg Marketing Group, establish a regional green infrastructure forum that extends beyond Council (Heri- the county boundaries into neighbouring counties to link GI across county boundaries. This could tage), Tipper- Not likely but impacts on Natura include, in line with the emerging National Greenway Strategy, the identification of a strategic off- ary Tourism, 2000 sites and SSCO's should Catchment Further surveys Connectivity of road link with the Deise Greenway in Waterford and any other emerging greenways. 14 Project Lough Derg Short Term be taken into account in the de- wide required Corridors Marketing velopment of the programmes/ Further strengthening of the Lough Derg Way connections between Tipperary and Limerick and Group, projects. connections with other county Limerick trails could also be achieved by working with Limerick Limerick County Council in the implementation of its emerging Limerick Tourism Strategy 2017-2023 and Economic building on the good work of the multi-local authority Lough Derg Marketing Group. Development

Tipperary Sports Part- nership, Tip- Enhanced link- perary County Not likely but impacts on Natura ages between Prepare a dedicated water-based activity map for River Suir and Lough Derg. This should include Council, Lough 2000 sites and SSCO's should Catchment amenities Water-based Medium 15 information on biosecurity best practice, seasonal biodiversity sensitivities and areas where Project Derg Market- be taken into account in the de- wide and identify Activity Map Term activity is encouraged and discouraged. ing Group, velopment of the programmes/ opportunities IFI, LAWCO, projects. for synergy National Bio- diversity Data Centre

Tipperary Managing or County Council Not likely but impacts on Natura eliminating Support and promote citizen science measures for early identification of invasive species and (Environment), 2000 sites and SSCO's should Catchment Further Surveys invasive species Policy/ 16 diseases in addition to species of conservation importance. Instigate a citizen science project in DCHG, Nation- Immediate be taken into account in the de- wide required and preventing Project collaboration with an existing EU project or academic institution. al Biodiversity velopment of the programmes/ new species Data Centre, projects. establishing IFI 78 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Project / Lead Partner/ Project Action Areas/ Extent Subject Project Description Policy / Supporting Priority AA Screening* Number Topic Framework Partner(s)

Urban Habitat Not likely but impacts on Natura Mapping Study Tipperary Carry out an Urban Habitat Mapping Study in order to prepare settlement scale Green infrastruc- 2000 sites and SSCO's should Catchment Further Surveys and identifica- County Council 17 ture plans for urban areas. The purpose of this would be to identify areas of conservation value Project Short Term be taken into account in the de- wide required tion of urban (Planning / within urban areas and identify key areas of conflict and GI enhancement opportunities. velopment of the programmes/ GI creation MDs) projects. opportunities

Application of a 10 metre (minimum from the bank) riparian buffer zone each side of any watercourses as part of any new development works to protect the catchment areas and reduce the threat of biosecurity hazards and pollutants entering the watercourse. It is recommended that planning application referrals are made to the IFI where development works are proposed in close Protection of proximity to watercourses within the River Suir and Shannon catchments. When reviewing 10m Tipperary watercourses Enhancing G buffer it is recommended that the local authority uses the EPA 'WFD Streams and Rivers' shapefile County Council Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; Catchment throughout the 18 and B Infra- and to take into account the importance of drainage ditches as an important component of GI. A Policy (Planning), Immediate consultation recommended with wide River Suir and structure good example of where a 10m buffer has already been applied already is in Carrick-on-Suir - a 10m LAWCO, IFI, NPWS in Natura 2000 sites. Lough Derg buffer zone has been applied to Zone G1 Open Space before existing residential and new/proposed EPA catchments residential. As part of larger developments a Construction Environmental Management Plan should be submitted. These are particularly important in the vicinity of drainage ditches, streams and rivers. Tree planting management within the riparian zone to include pollarding to encourage wide root establishment and minimise adverse effects of large trees falling into river.

When reviewing the current development plan zoning, it is suggested that a more fine-grained Enhancing G Tipperary Catchment Development approach is taken to using the Green/Recreation/Conservation (G) zoning. For example; G3 for AA Screening Necessary at 19 and B Infra- Policy County Council Short Term wide Plan Policy ‘conservation, amenity or buffer space corridor / belt landscape' can be used for areas along water- Development Plan Level structure (Planning) courses - or G2 for green space that is strategically zoned to provide off-road travel options

Enhancing G In the event of new development or restoration of brownfield sites, planning policy should require Tipperary Catchment Development AA Screening Necessary at 20 and B Infra- developers to indicate how the proposal will enhance green infrastructure and green infrastructure Policy County Council Short Term wide Plan Policy Development Plan Level structure linkages, followed by enforcement as needed. (Planning)

Management Not likely but impacts on Natura Service Work with LAWCO to develop a business charter that service station operators within the Suir and Tipperary of Invasive 2000 sites and SSCO's should Catchment Station Clean Shannon catchment areas are encouraged to sign up to on a voluntary basis in order to deliver County Council 21 species near Project Immediate be taken into account in the de- wide Water Business healthier water quality. A key part of this would be provision of disenfection stations for boats and (Environment), Green and Blue velopment of the programmes/ Charter canoes with effective disposal of run off. LAWCO, DCHG Infrastructure projects.

Increase Link core areas / habitats by way of the development of GI corridors (forests and woodlands). Con- Tipperary Enhancing G woodland Catchment sider policy development within the Development Plan that woodlands located in the proximity County Council Medium AA Screening Necessary at 22 and B Infra- connections Policy wide to the SAC woodlands and lakes are connected by hedgerows or wooded biodiversity corridors. (Planning), Term Development Plan Level structure from riparian Utilisation of native trees and plants of Irish provenance should be encouraged and promoted. Coillte corridors

Focus new Enhanced link- recreation ages between activities close Tipperary Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; Catchment amenities to existing Where there are already existing recreation projects / activities in an area, it is recommended to County Council 23 Policy Short Term but consultation recommended wide and identify recreation enhance activities in these areas, rather than to introduce amenity sites into undeveloped areas. (Planning / with NPWS & IFI opportunities and tourism MDs) for synergy amenities and projects Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 79

Project / Lead Partner/ Project Action Areas/ Extent Subject Project Description Policy / Supporting Priority AA Screening* Number Topic Framework Partner(s)

Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; Tipperary consultation recommended with Catchment Sustainable Reducing run Require all new developments to include SUDS (Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems) and allow 24 Policy County Council NPWS in proximity to Natura wide urban drainage off to river for natural flooding from watercourses into the wetland areas. (Planning), IFI 2000 sites and IFI in relation to watercourses

Tipperary South Tipperary has a large number of sand and gravel quarries that support species such as sand County Council martins. There is potential for the development of restored wetlands upon cessation of extraction Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; (Planning / Enhancing G operations. There is also opportunity to strategically link naturally regenerating quarry sites ad- consultation recommended with Catchment Quarry / gravel Environment), Medium 25 and B Infra- jacent to the River Suir to the river to enhance green infrastructure - by enhancing/planting native Project NPWS in proximity to Natura wide pits OPW, NPWS, Term structure hedgerows and woodlands. A project could be developed to assess the current status of quarries 2000 sites and IFI in relation to IFI, Commu- in vicinity of the River Suir, by way of, for example, mapping existing and potential wetlands in watercourses nity Wetlands collaboration with the OPW, to investigate the role of such an initiative in flood management. Forum

Tipperary Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; County Council Enhancing G Golf Course consultation recommended with Catchment Encourage golf course operators within the catchment to incorporate biodiversity enhancement (Environment), Medium 26 and B Infra- Biodiversity Policy NPWS in proximity to Natura wide measures within golf courses. Tipperary Term structure Charter 2000 sites and IFI in relation to Sports Part- watercourses nership

Tipperary County Council River Tar, Due to fact that tributaries (salmon spawning areas) are more susceptible to the impact of pollu- (Environment), Multeen, Enhancing G tion, cattle poaching and tunnelling it is important that close attention is paid to agriculture and LAWCO, Catchment Aherlow, AA Screening and full consulta- 27 and B Infra- biosecurity in the upper catchments. A multi-agency approach is needed to develop an integrated Policy DCHG, IFI, Short Term wide Anner, Lingaun, tion with IFI recommended. structure management approach to sensitive areas of the catchment and foster a continued multi-agency EPA, National Multeen (River approach in the future to management of the catchment. Biodiversity Suir tributaries) Data Centre, Teagasc

Enahncement Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; Tipperary Enhancing G of GI corridor Where two water courses are relatively close to each other, such areas would benefit from consultation recommended with Catchment County Council 28 and B Infra- connectivity targeted green infrastructure corridor-connectivity (by enhancing/planting native hedgerows and Policy Short Term NPWS in proximity to Natura wide (Planning), IFI, structure to enhance GI woodlands) 2000 sites and IFI in relation to Teagasc networks watercourses

Tipperary Loss of Knowl- County Council Enhancing G Not likely but consultation Catchment edge in relation Building on the work of the River Suir Landscapes DVD project - continue to support opportunities (Heritage), 29 and B Infra- Project Short Term should be carried out with NPWS wide to the river and to gather oral information on the heritage of the catchments including traditions and folklore . Tipperary structure & IFI at all stages. lake County Mu- seum

Green Infra- Enhancing G Building on the Masterplan Roadmap, develop a series of graphically appealing and separately Tipperary Not likely but consultation Catchment structure de- 30 and B Infra- tailored Tipperary Green Infrastructure toolkits for Planners, Community Groups, Engineers, Project County Council Short Term should be carried out with NPWS wide cision support structure Councillors etc. (Planning) & IFI at all stages. Toolkits 80 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Project / Lead Partner/ Project Action Areas/ Extent Subject Project Description Policy / Supporting Priority AA Screening* Number Topic Framework Partner(s)

Enhanced linkages Develop- between ment and Identify suitable locations for angling stands and associated development (such as that carried AA Screening and full consul- Catchment Medium 31 amenities Enhancement out at Mota Quay, Lough Derg, County Tipperary) to improve the existing recreation and amenity Project IFI tation with IFI /NPWS recom- wide term and identify of recreation and improve access to these amenities. mended. opportunities assets for synergy

Tipperary County Council Develop- In line with improved access to green and blue infrastructure and to enhance safety measures, (Fire Service), ment and work with relevant emergency services and the Civil Defence to develop emergency response An Garda AA Screening and full consul- Catchment Enhanced safe- 32 enhancement protocols, such as upgrading slipways and incoporating new slip ways to facilitate emergency Project Síochána, Civil Short term tation with IFI /NPWS recom- wide ty management of recreation access, and the inclusion of location identification markers on trails which are also reflected on Defence and mended. assets digital mapping. other emergency service groups

Tipperary In light of the proposed new tourism arrival point at Ormond Castle, there is an opportunity to Enhanced link- County Council extend the Clonmel / Carrick-on-Suir Greenway to Ormond Castle along the river bank. As well as ages between (Carrick-on- extend Munster Way trail to Castle location. Feasibility studies would be required. Such a project Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; Carrick-on- amenities Suir MD)/ Medium 33 Ormond Castle would maximise benefits of Carrick-on-Suir's identified role as a gateway to the Muster Vales Project but consultation recommended Suir and identify TSP/ South Term (www.munstervales.ie) by positioning the new tourism arrival point as a key visitor orientating with NPWS & IFI opportunities Tipperary point for exploring the Munster Vales area and offering seamless walking and cycling routes from for synergy Development Carrick-on-Suir. CLG (STDC)

Tipperary County Council Management (Carrick-on- AA Screening and full of Invasive Establishment of biosecurity disinfection stations at River Suir access and exit points in Carrick- Suir MD)/ Carrick-on- Biosecurity consultation with IFI /NPWS 34 species near on-Suir and other key canoe sites on the Suir to enhance biosecurity at the watercourse and Project TSP/DCHG/ Immediate Suir Point(s) recommended due to potential Green and Blue reduce the potential for contamination of the watercourse system. LAWCO, IFI, biosecurity risks. Infrastructure National Bio- diversity Data Centre

Planting pro- Maximise the vegetation along the greenway at appropriate locations by introducing trees along Enhancing G gramme along Tipperary Carrick-on- the route and encouraging revegetation. Tree planting management to include pollarding to Medium AA Screening and full consulta- 35 and B Infra- the Clonmel / Policy County Council Suir encourage wide root establishment and minimise adverse effects of large trees falling into river. Term tion with IFI recommended. structure Carrick-on-Suir (MDs), IFI Native plants of Irish provenance should be encouraged and promoted. Greenway

Review policy on park maintenance, grass cutting and planting in open areas/ public spaces, and Tipperary Review of Park Enhancing G leaving planned areas of uncut grass, retaining riparian zones, review policy in relation to planting County Council Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; Carrick-on- Maintenance Medium 36 and B Infra- of native species in open spaces with aim of increasing biodiversity. Note that it would be import- Policy (Planning / but consultation recommended Suir and Planting in Term structure ant to strategically locate uncut grass areas so as they appear deliberate and erect temporary MD), Tidy with NPWS & IFI Open Spaces signs to indicate that these ares are being left uncut to enhance biodiversity. Towns Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 81

Project / Lead Partner/ Project Action Areas/ Extent Subject Project Description Policy / Supporting Priority AA Screening* Number Topic Framework Partner(s)

Develop a dedicated urban green infrastructure Green Streets and SUDS (Sustainable Urban Tipperary Enhancing G Carrick-on-Suir Drainage Systems) programme in Carrick-on-Suir along with CPD programmes for Council County Council AA Screening and full Carrick-on- 37 and B Infra- Green Streets engineers on green infrastructure approaches to urban drainage management. In conjunction Project (Carrick-on- Short Term consultation with IFI /NPWS Suir structure Programme with businesses and local communities, undertake public workshops on green street design Suir MD/ recommended . approaches and proposals. Planning)

Enhanced linkages between Tipperary Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; amenities Motte and County Council Medium 38 Kilsheelan Link scenic view with motte and bailey Project but consultation recommended and identify Bailey (Clonmel BD/ Term with NPWS & IFI opportunities Heritage) for synergy

Enhancing G Tipperary Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; Green Infra- Medium 39 Kilsheelan and B Infra- Link core areas to the river by green infrastructure corridors of hedgerows or trees Policy County Council but consultation recommended structure Term structure (Clonmel BD) with NPWS & IFI

Enhanced linkages between Enhance the pedestrian link from the Clonmel / Carrick-on-Suir Greenway to Kilsheelan village Tipperary AA Screening and full amenities Enhance Pedes- centre - there is a pinch point with potential conflict between walkers and other road users. County Council Medium 40 Kilsheelan Project consultation with IFI /NPWS and identify trian Access Potential options are set out in the national mandatory document Design Manual for Urban Roads (Clonmel BD), Term recommended . opportunities and Streets. TSP for synergy

Enhanced link- Tipperary ages between County Council Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; amenities Bulmers Medium 41 Clonmel Potential to expand green infrastructure along adjoining riverside at this point. Project (Clonmel but consultation recommended and identify Orchard Term BD), Bulmers with NPWS & IFI opportunities Limited, IFI for synergy

Enhanced linkages between Tipperary AA Screening and full amenities Suir Island, There is an opportunity for the development of a woodland walk on Suir Island. Screening for County Council 42 Clonmel Project Short Term consultation with IFI /NPWS and identify Clonmel Appropriate Assessment is required. (Clonmel BD), recommended . opportunities TSP, STDC for synergy

As a hub for water based activities in particular canoeing and kayaking activities, it is proposed to Tipperary Enhanced link- pilot a biosecurity disinfection facility in Clonmel to test effectiveness of biosecurity best practice, County Council ages between which ultimately could lead to a national roll out of similar biosecurity stations. Such measure (Clonmel BD), AA Screening and full amenities Water Activity could include a craft, instrument and clothing cleaning programme in which those that pass are DCHG, TSP, 43 Clonmel Project Short Term consultation with IFI /NPWS and identify Hub issued with a sticker to certify that they undertaken the biosecurity measures. Work with Canoeing LAWCO, IFI, recommended . opportunities Ireland and the high-profile nature of events attracted by the new slalom course to instigate and EPA, National for synergy promote biosecurity protocols. Utilising the high-profile events such as the National Canoeing Biodiversity Championships to promote biosecurity best practice. Data Centre

Develop a dedicated urban green infrastructure Green Streets and SUDS (Sustainable Urban Tipperary Enhancing G Clonmel Drainage Systems) programme in Clonmel along with CPD programmes for Council engineers on AA Screening and full County Council Medium 44 Clonmel and B Infra- Green Streets green infrastructure approaches to urban drainage management. In conjunction with businesses Project consultation with IFI /NPWS (Planning/ Term structure Programme and local communities, undertake public workshops on green street design approaches and recommended . Clonmel BD) proposals. 82 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Project / Lead Partner/ Project Action Areas/ Extent Subject Project Description Policy / Supporting Priority AA Screening* Number Topic Framework Partner(s)

Improving the relationship Tipperary AA Screening and full between the Suir Island, Implement the recommendations of the Built Heritage Conservation Action Plan for Suir Island County Council Medium 45 Clonmel consultation with IFI /NPWS industrial Clonmel prepared for Clomnel Borough Council in 2014 by Blackwood Associates Architects (Clonmel BD/ Term recommended . landcape and Heritage) the Suir

Green Infra- In light of the notable contrast between the GI to the south of the town and the grey infrastruc- Tipperary Enhancing G structure (GI) ture north of the river in the town centre, there is an opportunity to undertake a GI Audit and County Council Not likely but consultation 46 Clonmel and B Infra- Audit and Plan GI Plan in Clonmel to identify GI assets and to identify strategic areas for intervention where Project (Planning/ Short Term should be carried out with NPWS structure for Clonmel enhancements to GI networks can be achieved in order to support increased biodiversity within Clonmel BD/ & IFI town the town. Heritage)

Create a Masterplan for Marlfield to evaluate and bring together the host of amenities and assets Tipperary Enhanced link- existing within the town e.g. historic village, Marlfield House, industrial heritage, canoe trail and County Council ages between existing woodland trails. This Masterplan would serve to enhance the connectivity of area and en- (Planning/ AA Screening and full amenities Marlfield hance GI links to Marlfield lake. The Masterplan would examine potential for any additional trails Clonmel BD), Medium 47 Marlfield Project consultation with IFI /NPWS and identify Masterplan or water infrastructure in addition to planting or works to improve or enhance habitats. It would LAWCO, IFI, Term recommended . opportunities also incorporate educational and awareness raising issues in terms of biosecurity and enhanced National Bio- for synergy flood relief measures to protect the walks. It is recommended that informative signage is errected diversity Data to highlight flood risk. Centre, OPW

Tipperary County Council Enhancing G Shoveler can occur in nationally important numbers in Marlfield lakes making it a sensitive area, Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; (Planning/ Medium 48 Marlfield and B Infra- Marlfield Lakes any proposed development in the area will first have to be assessed by an ecologist before project Policy but consultation recommended Clonmel BD), Term structure work can be started. with NPWS & IFI Birdwatch Ireland

Enhanced link- Tipperary ages between County Council AA Screening and full Kilmanah- amenities Kilmanahan 49 Kilmanahan Castle (ruins) presents an opportunity for a new built heritage visitor experience Project (Tourism/ Long Term consultation with IFI /NPWS an Castle and identify Castle Heritage/ recommended . opportunities Clonmel BD) for synergy

Enhanced link- Tipperary ages between Marl- Harness the cluster of natural and built heritage assets within the environs of Marlfield/Knock- County Council AA Screening and full Marlfield- amenities field-Knock- lofty and Kilmanahan castle to create dedicated canoe/kayaking lay-bys to allow those using the Medium 50 Project (Heritage/ consultation with IFI /NPWS Knocklofty and identify lofty-Kilmanah- river to access the heritage along the river (subject to AA Screening and collaboration with land Term Clonmel BD), recommended . opportunities an Circle owners). TSP for synergy

Enhanced link- Enhance ac- ages between Tipperary cress from the East Munster Way walking trail passes within 2km (south) of Newcastle. There is potential to AA Screening and full amenities County Council Medium 51 Newcastle East Munster extend this trail north into Newcastle which would use Newcastle village as a main entry point to Project consultation with IFI /NPWS and identify (Clonmel BD/ Term Way Walking the walk and also encourage trail users to use local towns. recommended . opportunities Roads), STDC Trail for synergy Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 83

Project / Lead Partner/ Project Action Areas/ Extent Subject Project Description Policy / Supporting Priority AA Screening* Number Topic Framework Partner(s)

Enhanced linkages between Investigate feasibility of bird viewing point and interpretation in Newcastle. Newcastle is a Tipperary AA Screening and full amenities Bird Watching feeding ground for large numbers of migrating whooper swans. There is an opportunity to create a County Council 52 Newcastle Project Long Term consultation with IFI /NPWS and identify Point very sensitive viewing point however any such project must ensure no disturbance to the mitratory (Heritage/ recommended . opportunities population. Clonmel BD) for synergy

Enhanced linkages between Tipperary Predergast Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; amenities Feasibility study to investigate potential for the development of a walk from village to Prendergast County Council Medium 53 Newcastle castle - Village Project but consultation recommended and identify Castle using rights of ways (Clonmel BD/ Term trail with NPWS & IFI opportunities Roads), STDC for synergy

Tipperary County Council Management (Clonmel BD), of Invasive AA Screening and full consul- Biosecurity Due to the high intensity water based activities, it is recommended that a biosecurity station is TSP, DCHG, 54 Ardfinnan species near Project Immediate tation with IFI /NPWS recom- Point located at the canoeing club to increase biosecurity and promote best practice. LAWCO, IFI, Green and Blue mended due to biosecurity risks. National Bio- Infrastructure diversity Data Centre

Review of Park Enhancing G Review of open space / park grass management regime to encourage biodiversity. Note that it Tipperary Not likely but consultation Maintenance Medium 55 Ardfinnan and B Infra- would be important to strategically locate uncut grass areas so as they appear deliberate and Policy County Council should be carried out with NPWS and Planting in Term structure erect temporary signs to indicate that these areas are being left uncut to enhance biodiversity. (Clonmel BD) & IFI Open Spaces

Tipperary Green Infra- Green Infra- Potential to realign zoning - possible use of G3 - conservation zoning or other appropriate open Medium AA Screening Necessary at 56 Ardfinnan Policy County Council structure structure space zoning to retain existing riparian woodland in the event of future development pressure Term Development Plan Level (Planning)

Tipperary Enhancing G County Council Not likely but consultation South Green Opportunity to create green infrastructure corridors between disconnected areas of broad-leaf Medium 57 and B Infra- Project (Clonmel BD/ should be carried out with NPWS Cahir Infrastructure woodland Term structure Heritage), & IFI Coillte

Tipperary Enhancing G Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; Green Potential to extend G3 conservation buffer to full extent of river banks potential, to create green County Medium 58 Cahir and B Infra- Policy but consultation recommended Infrastructure infrastructure corridors linking G3 zoning areas Council Term structure with NPWS & IFI (Planning)

Enhanced linkages between Tipperary AA Screening and full consul- amenities Water sport Potential location for collective kayak and boat storage, proposal currently seeking funding for County Council Medium 59 Cahir Project tation with IFI /NPWS recom- and identify Hub Pedalo and rowing boat hire (Clonmel BD), Term mended due to biosecurity risks. opportunities TSP, STDC, IFI for synergy 84 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Project / Lead Partner/ Project Action Areas/ Extent Subject Project Description Policy / Supporting Priority AA Screening* Number Topic Framework Partner(s)

Tipperary Enhancing G County Council AA Screening and full Green Medium 60 Cahir and B Infra- Potential for new native woodland planting on both sides of river Project (Clonmel BD/ consultation with IFI /NPWS Infrastructure Term structure Heritage), recommended . Teagasc

Tipperary Cahir Abbey quarry - proposals for development and amenity as set out in the Cahir LAP will need Enhanced link- County Council to integrate biodiversity enhancement features and protection measures bearing in mind that this ages between (Clonmel BD/ Cahir Abbey water body is effectively an extension of the Suir SAC. AA Screening and full amenities Heritage/ Medium 61 Cahir quarry Amenity Project consultation with IFI /NPWS and identify Planning), Term Plan This site represents an opportunity to create a high quality multi-use public amenity and nature recommended . opportunities LAWCO, IFI, habitat. It will be important to avail of expertise in the IFI and NPWS at a very early stage in for synergy NPWS, Tipper- relation to development planning in close proximity to the River Suir. ary Tourism

Tipperary Enhanced link- County Coun- ages between Enhance Proposed new water based activity centre in Cahir. A site selection survey would need to be under- cil, Cahir Row- AA Screening and full consul- amenities water based Medium 62 Cahir take however, a potential suitable site for the centre is on the lands adjacent to Cahir Community Project ing Club, Cahir tation with IFI /NPWS recom- and identify activity Term Hall as there is an existing slipway in close proximity. River Rescue, mended. opportunities local anglers for synergy association

Enhanced link- Tipperary ages between Enhance pedes- Proposed new walkway over the River Suir to connect with Cahir Abbey. This would enhance the County Council amenities AA Screening and full consul- trian trails and connection between Cahir and its heritage, while strengthening recreation amenities. There may (Heritage), Medium 63 Cahir and identify Project tation with IFI /NPWS recom- connection to be potential to link this route with that along the easter side of the river, towards the Cahir Viaduct OPW, Term opportunities mended. local heritage and along the riverbank. Tipperary for synergy Tourism

Enhanced link- Glen of ages between Tipperary AA Screening and full consul- Aherlow / amenities Development of Investigate the feasibility of the development of a Greenway connecting Tipperary Town to the County Council Medium 64 Project tation with IFI /NPWS recom- Tipperary and identify Greenway forest walks in the Glen of Aherlow. (Planning), Term mended. Town opportunities STDC for synergy

Tipperary Enhanced link- County Council Glen of ages between (Planning), AA Screening and full consul- Aherlow / amenities Development of Support the development of the Glen of Aherlow Greenway connecting Tipperary Town to the TIRD/Chamber Medium 65 Project tation with IFI /NPWS recom- Tipperary and identify Greenway forest walks in the Glen of Aherlow. of Commerce, Term mended. Town opportunities Glen of Aher- for synergy low Walking Group, STDC Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 85

Project / Lead Partner/ Project Action Areas/ Extent Subject Project Description Policy / Supporting Priority AA Screening* Number Topic Framework Partner(s)

Tipperary Enhanced link- Support the River Ara Project which proposes to connect existing walking / cycling routes with County Council ages between River Ara / new routes creating a valuable amenity for the community and visitors alike. The River Ara Project (Heritage / AA Screening and full consul- amenities River Ara Medium 66 Tipperary currently joins with the recently completed pedestrian links between Tipperary Town, Limerick Project PLanning), tation with IFI /NPWS recom- and identify Project Term Town Junction Railway station and the Ballykisteen Hotel. It is proposed that it will link with the pro- LAWCO, mended. opportunities posed Glen of Aherlow Greenway. Tipperary Tidy for synergy Towns

Tipperary Enhancing G Reinstatement of riparian habitat suggested in location of quarry immediately adjacent to river. County AA Screening and full consul- South Green Infra- Medium 67 and B Infra- Background detail would be required to address this particular location - note particular sensitivity Policy Council (Plan- tation with IFI /NPWS recom- Golden structure Term structure of water courses and SAC to quarries e.g. loss of SAC habitat deposition of silt and fines into river ning), NPWS, mended due to biosecurity risks. IFI

Tipperary Enhancing G Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; Green Infra- Opportunity to include riparian buffer zone as part of residential zoning as well as new green County Medium 68 Golden and B Infra- Policy but consultation recommended structure infrastructure corridors through any new development Council (Plan- Term structure with NPWS & IFI ning)

Tipperary Review of Park Enhancing G County Council Not Likely outside SAC's/SPA's; Maintenance Potential for change to maintenance regime to island to increase biodiversity, potential for native Medium 69 Golden and B Infra- Policy (Cashel-Tip- but consultation recommended and Planting in trees/ hedgerows planting along all river banks within village Term structure perary MD), with NPWS & IFI Open Spaces IFI

Enhanced link- TTipperary ages between County Council AA Screening and full consul- amenities Cashel-River Potential project which would see the development of a looped walk from Cashel to the River Suir Medium 70 Cashel Project (Cashel-Tip- tation with IFI /NPWS recom- and identify Suir Loop (including the existing Tipperary Heritage Way) which can potentially link heritage features Term perary MD/ mended due to biosecurity risks. opportunities Roads), STDC for synergy

Tipperary County Council Not likely but consultation Further Surveys Thurles GI Au- Undertake a GI Audit and development of a GI strategy for Thurles to identify and enhance GI 71 Thurles Project (Temple- Short Term should be carried out with NPWS required dit and Strategy corridor connections within the town. more-Thurles & IFI MD/Planning)

Tipperary Undertake an ecological assessment of the area zoned for active open space in the northern County Council Not likely but consultation Further Surveys Ecological 72 Thurles section of Thurles. This area may be of ecological importance and is potentially subject to develop- Project (Temple- Short Term should be carried out with NPWS required Assessment ment pressure. It may be more suited to a G3 zoning. more-Thurles & IFI MD/Planning)

Develop a dedicated urban green infrastructure Green Streets and SUDS (Sustainable Urban Tipperary Not likely but consultation Enhancing G Templemore Drainage Systems) programme in Templemore along with CPD programmes for Council engineers County Council should be carried out with NPWS Temple- 73 and B Infra- Green Streets on green infrastructure approaches to urban drainage management. In conjunction with business- Project (Temple- Short Term & IFI . AA screening may be more structure Programme es and local communities, undertake public workshops on green street design approaches and more-Thurles required if infrastructural proposals. MD/Planning) projects undertaken. 86 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

Project / Lead Partner/ Project Action Areas/ Extent Subject Project Description Policy / Supporting Priority AA Screening* Number Topic Framework Partner(s)

Tipperary County Council (Temple- Killea Com- Enhancing G more-Thurles Not likely but consultation North Tem- munity Group Killea community group have a biodiversity plan. Recommendations to be reviewed and integrated Medium 74 and B Infra- Policy MD/Planning/ should be carried out with NPWS plemore Biodiversity accordingly into Suir green infrastructure masterplan Term structure Heritage), & IFI Plan Killea Community Group

Tipperary Enhanced link- County Council Not likely but consultation ages between Identify a suitable point at which the Suir and Shannon catchments meet and it is possible to see (Temple- should be carried out with NPWS amenities River Catch- in both directions. Here there would be an opportunity for an interpretive structure and experience Medium 75 Suir Source Project more-Thurles & IFI . AA screening may be re- and identify ments to communicate the pivotal nature of the location - i.e. a drop of water on one side will flow to the Term MD/Tourism), quired if infrastructural projects opportunities Shannon and the Atlantic, on the other side it will flow to the Suir and the Irish Sea. LAWCO, Failte undertaken. for synergy Ireland

Not likely but consultation Tipperary Lough Enhancing G Potential identified to enhance biodiversity of regenerating bog by strengthing green infra- should be carried out with NPWS Planting Pro- County Council 76 Derg and B Infra- structure corridors between bog and lake. This can be undertaken through a dedicated planting Project Short Term & IFI . AA screening may be re- gramme (Nenagh MD), (North) structure programme to increase ecological corridor networks. quired if infrastructural projects NPWS undertaken.

Opportunity to enhance GI through the incorporation of a lacustrine buffer zone and increase den- Enhancing G sity of hedgreows from lakeside inland with native species only. As part of future development in Tipperary Lacustrine AA Screening Necessary at 77 Terryglass and B Infra- the vicinity of Lough Derg, GI should be built into all development and housing projects including Project County Council Short Term Buffer Zone Development Plan Level structure compulsory planting of native hedgrow and tree species of local biodiversity importance that will (Planning) integrate seamlessly into existing GI.

Enhancing G Native In the event of expansion to existing development, policy approach should expect scheme to Tipperary Medium AA Screening Necessary at 78 Coolbawn and B Infra- Woodland include planting of location specific native woodland that establishes or reinforces green infra- Policy County Council Term Development Plan Level structure Enhancement structure corridors (Planning)

AA Screening and full Tipperary Enhancing G consultation with IFI /NPWS River River Nenagh Potential for Atlantic salmon and river enhancement works on river Nenagh building on IFI works County Council Medium 79 and B Infra- Project recommended due to potential Nenagh river works carried out upstream (Nenagh MD), Term structure impacts on species of conserva- OPW, IFI tion importance.

Tipperary Lough Undertake an ecological and built heritage assessment of the Lough Derg islands. It has also County Council Not likely but consultation Further Surveys Lough Derg 80 Derg been stated that there is huge scope for biodiversity surveys as there is very little information on Project (Planning/ Short Term should be carried out with NPWS required Island Survey Islands species and their distribution around the lake. Heritage), & IFI NPWS Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 87

Project / Lead Partner/ Project Action Areas/ Extent Subject Project Description Policy / Supporting Priority AA Screening* Number Topic Framework Partner(s)

Enhanced Development linkages and En- Tipperary Portroe / between Investigate the potential for enhancement of water-based activities and sustainable recreational AA Screening and full consul- hancement of County Coun- Medium 81 Cas- amenities activities through the development and enhancement of Lookout Point and Waterside Park and Project tation with IFI /NPWS recom- Lookout Point cil, Tipperary Term tlelough and identify enhanced pedestrian connection between Portroe and Castlelough. mended. and Waterside Tourism opportunities Park for synergy

Enhanced link- Tipperary AA Screening and full ages between Develop a viewing point and interpretive signage to view white tailed eagles or a range of viewing County Council consultation with IFI /NPWS amenities Bird Watching 82 Gortmore points for bird species supported by heritage (biodiversity/cultural etc.) signage. Building on the Project (Nenagh MD/ Long Term recommended due to potential and identify Point learnings of the Co. Clare viewing point. Heritage), impacts on species of conserva- opportunities NPWS tion importance. for synergy

Enhanced link- AA Screening and full ages between Tipperary consultation with IFI /NPWS Lough amenities Lough Derg Assess the potential of a walking trail on the east side of Lough Derg including boardwalks over County Council Medium 83 Project recommended due to potential Derg and identify Walking Trail bogs and sensitive areas. Possible linking to Shannon Estuary (Nenagh MD / Term impacts on species and habitats opportunities Roads), NPWS of conservation importance. for synergy

Enhanced link- AA Screening and full ages between Steamship Era project. Lough Derg had one of the earliest inland steamship services in the world. Tipperary consultation with IFI /NPWS amenities Lough Derg Restore the Steam-packet offices at the Pier Head. Build a ‘steamship’ designed for operating on County Council 84 Ballina Project Long Term recommended due to potential and identify Steamship Era the lake as a steamboat experience on the lake. Develop the Pier Head offices as an interactive (Nenagh MD / impacts on species of conserva- opportunities project. Lady Landsdowne wreck is in the lake. Heritage) tion importance. for synergy

Enhanced link- AA Screening and full ages between Tipperary consultation with IFI /NPWS Lough amenities Develop an area on the lake where only biological noise is heard. The area identified was not in County Council 85 Biophonic Zone Project Long Term recommended due to potential Derg and identify Tipperary but there could be potential on the northern end of the lake. (Nenagh MD / impacts on species of conserva- opportunities Planning) tion importance. for synergy

Enhanced link- Tipperary AA Screening and full ages between County Council consultation with IFI /NPWS Lough amenities Stargazers Stargazers refuge.The area identified was not in Tipperary but there could be potential on the 86 Project (Nenagh MD Long Term recommended due to potential Derg and identify refuge northern end of the lake. / Tourism), impacts on species of conserva- opportunities NPWS tion importance. for synergy 88 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 89

Appendix 2 List of Consultees

ORGANSIATION REPRESENTATIVE Birdwatch Ireland Brian Caffrey Cahir Social and Historical Society P.J. O'Meara Clare County Council Congella Maguire Coillte Daithi deForge Ecologist Mieke Muyllaert Environmental Protection Agency Tadgh O'Mahony Fáilte Ireland Hilary Creedon Galway County Council Marie Mannion Gregory Archaeology Dr. Niall Gregory Independent Consultant Brian Callanan Inland Fisheries Ireland (IFI) David McInerney Inland Fisheries Ireland (IFI) (Shannon River Basin District) Mike Fitzsimons Inland Fisheries Ireland (IFI) (Shannon River Basin District) Amanda Mooney Local Authority Waters and Communities Office (LAWCO) Alan Walsh Local Authority Waters and Communities Office (LAWCO) Ruairi Ó Conchúir Local Authority Waters and Communities Office (LAWCO) Fran Igoe National Parks and Wildlife Service Eamonn Meskell North Tipperary Leader Partnership Trisha Purcell North Tipperary Leader Partnership Michael Murray Office of Public Works (OPW) Cyril McCarthy South Tipperary Development CLG John Egan South Tipperary Development CLG Isabel Cambie South-East Action Plan for Jobs Sean McKeown 90 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

ORGANSIATION REPRESENTATIVE Sport Ireland Cormac McDonnell Suir Valley Environmental and Heritage Group Mike Croome-Carroll Suircan Alan Moore Suircan Lynn Mather Suircan Shay Hurley Tipperary County Council / Cahir Tidy Towns Cllr. Andy Moloney Tipperary County Council - Director of Services Sinead Carr Tipperary County Council - Community Development & Social Inclusion / Strategic Projects Unit Michael Moroney Tipperary County Council - Carrick-on-Suir MD Martin Nolan Tipperary County Council - Carrick-on-Suir MD Willie Corby Tipperary County Council - Planning Section Clare Lee Tipperary County Council - Templemore-Thurles MD Noel McCormack Tipperary County Council - Cashel-Tipperary MD Marie McGivern Tipperary County Council - Clonmel BD Paddy Crotty Tipperary County Council - Environment Section Ruth Hennessy Tipperary County Council - Tipperary Sports Partnership Valerie Connolly Tipperary County Council - Heritage Officer Róisín O’Grady Tipperary County Council - Community & Economic Development Fiona Crotty Tipperary County Council - Templemore-Thurles MD Deirdre O'Shea Tipperary County Council - Cashel-Tipperary MD Aidan Finn Tipperary County Council - Clonmel BD Anthony Coleman Tipperary County Council - Director of Services Marcus O'Connor Tipperary County Council - Clonmel Borough District Cllr Marie Murphy Tipperary County Council / Lough Derg Marketing Group Margaret O'Sullivan Tipperary County Council / Tipperary Tourism Marie Phelan Waterford County Council Bernadette Guest Waterways Ireland Cormac McCarthy Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways 91

Abbreviations

AA EEC LDMG REDZ Appropriate Assessment European Economic Community Lough Derg Marketing Group Rural Economic Development Zones ALGG EC LECP SAC All London Green Grid European Community Local Economic & Community Plan Special Area of Conservation BAP EIB LIFE SSCO Biodiversity Action Plan European Investment Bank L’Instrument Financier pour l’Environnement Site Specific Conservation Objectives BD EPA MD SI Borough District Environmental Protection Agency Municipal District Statutory Instrument CEDRA EU NCFF SPA Commission for the Economic Development of European Union Natural Capital Financing Facility Special Protection Areas Rural Areas G&BI NEAS STDC CIWEM Green and Blue Infrastructure National Environmental Assessment Service South Tipperary Development CLG Chartered Institute of Water and Environment GI NGO SUDS Management Green Infrastructure Non-Governmental Organisation Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems CORINE GIS NHA SWARE Co-Ordinated Information on the Environment Geographical Information Systems Natural Heritage Area Sustainable heritage management of CPD GLAS NPF WAterway Regions Continuing Professional Development Green, Low-Carbon, Agri-Environment Scheme National Planning Framework TII DAFM GZT NPP Transport Infrastructure Ireland Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine General Zone Type National Pollinator Plan TSP DCHG IROPI NPWS Tipperary Sports Partnership Department of Culture, Heritage and the Gael- Imperative Reasons of Overriding Public Interest National Parks and Wildlife Service UK tacht IFI OPW The United Kingdom DHPCLG Inland Fisheries Ireland Office of Public Works UN Department of Housing, Planning, Community IT PCB United Nations and Local Government Information Technology PolyChlorinated Biphenyl WFD DRCD LAWCO pNHA Water Framework Directive Department of Rural and Community Local Authority Waters and Communities Office Proposed Natural Heritage Area Development 92 Green & Blue Infrastructure Masterplan Roadmap for Tipperary Waterways

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