How to Define Social Justice Warrior
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The Discursive Construction of SJW Memes As the Monstrous Feminine
Feminist Media Studies ISSN: 1468-0777 (Print) 1471-5902 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rfms20 Attack of the 50-foot social justice warrior: the discursive construction of SJW memes as the monstrous feminine Adrienne L. Massanari & Shira Chess To cite this article: Adrienne L. Massanari & Shira Chess (2018): Attack of the 50-foot social justice warrior: the discursive construction of SJW memes as the monstrous feminine, Feminist Media Studies, DOI: 10.1080/14680777.2018.1447333 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2018.1447333 Published online: 21 Mar 2018. Submit your article to this journal View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rfms20 FEMINIST MEDIA STUDIES, 2018 https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2018.1447333 Attack of the 50-foot social justice warrior: the discursive construction of SJW memes as the monstrous feminine Adrienne L. Massanaria and Shira Chessb aDepartment of Communication, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA; bGrady College of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Georgia, Athens, USA ABSTRACT KEYWORDS This essay considers the origin and meaning of “social justice warrior” Social justice warrior; SJW; (SJW) memes. Despite each term within the phrase suggesting memes; alt-right; monstrous potentially positive connotations, we argue that as deployed within feminine “alt-right” communities, it implies a kind of monstrous feminine: a woman who is unwieldy and out of control. We catalogue and analyze this meme using a visual discourse analysis of texts gathered through Google Images and Reddit. -
“No Left, No Right – Only the Game”
“No Left, No Right – Only the Game” A Netnographic Study of the Online Community r/KotakuInAction Master of Arts: Media and Communication Studies – Culture, Collaborative Media, and Creative Industries Master’s Thesis (Two-year) | 15 credits Student: Oskar Larsson Supervisor: Maria Brock Year: 2021 Word Count: 15,937 Abstract This thesis examines how 'othering' discourse can be used to construct and negotiate boundaries and shape collective identities within online spaces. Through a mixed-method approach of thematic analysis and a netnographic study, and by drawing on theoretical concepts of online othering and identity formation, this thesis explores how the Gamergate community r/KotakuInAction can be understood in relation to Gamergate, the Alt-Right and society at large. The results show that the community perceive and construct the SJW as a common adversary – a monstrous representation of feminism, progressiveness and political correctness. The analysis also revealed how racist rhetorics and white male anxieties characterize the communitys' othering discourse. Through an in-depth study of user-submitted comment, this thesis argues that r/KotakuInAction's collective identity is fluid and reactionary in nature, characterized by a discourse that is indicative of Alt-Right ideology and white male supremacy. Future research should further explore the network of communities that r/KotakuInAction is part of, as well as examine how the community transform over time. Keywords: Gamergate, Reddit, Alt-Right, Online Othering, Collective Identity, -
"If You're Ugly, the Blackpill Is Born with You": Sexual Hierarchies, Identity Construction, and Masculinity on an Incel Forum Board
University of Dayton eCommons Joyce Durham Essay Contest in Women's and Gender Studies Women's and Gender Studies Program 2020 "If You're Ugly, the Blackpill is Born with You": Sexual Hierarchies, Identity Construction, and Masculinity on an Incel Forum Board Josh Segalewicz University of Dayton Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.udayton.edu/wgs_essay Part of the Other Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Commons, and the Women's Studies Commons eCommons Citation Segalewicz, Josh, ""If You're Ugly, the Blackpill is Born with You": Sexual Hierarchies, Identity Construction, and Masculinity on an Incel Forum Board" (2020). Joyce Durham Essay Contest in Women's and Gender Studies. 20. https://ecommons.udayton.edu/wgs_essay/20 This Essay is brought to you for free and open access by the Women's and Gender Studies Program at eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Joyce Durham Essay Contest in Women's and Gender Studies by an authorized administrator of eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. "If You're Ugly, the Blackpill is Born with You": Sexual Hierarchies, Identity Construction, and Masculinity on an Incel Forum Board by Josh Segalewicz Honorable Mention 2020 Joyce Durham Essay Contest in Women's and Gender Studies "If You're Ugly, The Blackpill is Born With You": Sexual Hierarchies, Identity Construction, and Masculinity on an Incel Forum Board Abstract: The manosphere is one new digital space where antifeminists and men's rights activists interact outside of their traditional social networks. Incels, short for involuntary celibates, exist in this space and have been labeled as extreme misogynists, white supremacists, and domestic terrorists. -
Assessing Digital Threats to Democracy, and Workable Solutions: a Review of the Recent Literature
International Journal of Communication 14(2020), 2589–2610 1932–8036/20200005 Assessing Digital Threats to Democracy, and Workable Solutions: A Review of the Recent Literature KATHLEEN M. KUEHN Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand LEON A. SALTER Massey University, New Zealand Concerns surrounding the threats that digital platforms pose to the functioning of Western liberal democracies have grown since the 2016 U.S. election. Yet despite a preponderance of academic work in this area, the precise nature of these threats, empirical solutions for their redress, and their relationship to the wider digital political economy remain undertheorized. This article addresses these gaps with a semisystematic literature review that identifies and defines four prominent threats—fake news, filter bubbles/echo chambers, online hate speech, and surveillance—and constructs a typology of “workable solutions” for combating these threats that highlights the tendency to silo technical, regulatory, or culturally embedded approaches. Keywords: digital democracy, fake news, filter bubbles, echo chambers, hate speech, surveillance, surveillance capitalism Global movements such as the Arab Spring, Los Indignados, and Occupy temporarily reignited earlier assertions about the Internet’s capacity to facilitate a more democratic, egalitarian public sphere. Many celebrated the Internet’s techno-social and communicative affordances for enabling activists to mobilize against injustice with unprecedented immediacy and ease (Bennett & Segerberg, 2013; Papacharissi & de Fatima Oliveira, 2012) and for creating new forms of horizontalist democratic decision making (Graeber, 2013; Sitrin & Azzellini, 2014). These assertions added to other claims about the Web’s capacity to uphold democratic traditions and values, including the democratization of information publishing (Castells, 2013; Jenkins, 2006), increasing political engagement (Miller, 2016), and government transparency and accountability (Kim & Lee, 2012; Nielsen, 2017; Wu, Ma, & Yu, 2017). -
Great Meme War:” the Alt-Right and Its Multifarious Enemies
Angles New Perspectives on the Anglophone World 10 | 2020 Creating the Enemy The “Great Meme War:” the Alt-Right and its Multifarious Enemies Maxime Dafaure Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/angles/369 ISSN: 2274-2042 Publisher Société des Anglicistes de l'Enseignement Supérieur Electronic reference Maxime Dafaure, « The “Great Meme War:” the Alt-Right and its Multifarious Enemies », Angles [Online], 10 | 2020, Online since 01 April 2020, connection on 28 July 2020. URL : http:// journals.openedition.org/angles/369 This text was automatically generated on 28 July 2020. Angles. New Perspectives on the Anglophone World is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. The “Great Meme War:” the Alt-Right and its Multifarious Enemies 1 The “Great Meme War:” the Alt- Right and its Multifarious Enemies Maxime Dafaure Memes and the metapolitics of the alt-right 1 The alt-right has been a major actor of the online culture wars of the past few years. Since it came to prominence during the 2014 Gamergate controversy,1 this loosely- defined, puzzling movement has achieved mainstream recognition and has been the subject of discussion by journalists and scholars alike. Although the movement is notoriously difficult to define, a few overarching themes can be delineated: unequivocal rejections of immigration and multiculturalism among most, if not all, alt- right subgroups; an intense criticism of feminism, in particular within the manosphere community, which itself is divided into several clans with different goals and subcultures (men’s rights activists, Men Going Their Own Way, pick-up artists, incels).2 Demographically speaking, an overwhelming majority of alt-righters are white heterosexual males, one of the major social categories who feel dispossessed and resentful, as pointed out as early as in the mid-20th century by Daniel Bell, and more recently by Michael Kimmel (Angry White Men 2013) and Dick Howard (Les Ombres de l’Amérique 2017). -
UNIVERSITY of BELGRADE FACULTY of POLITICAL SCIENCES Regional Master’S Program in Peace Studies
UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE FACULTY OF POLITICAL SCIENCES Regional Master’s Program in Peace Studies Master’s Thesis Understanding the rise and the internationalisation of online alt-right’s subculture: how memes are changing political culture worldwide Author: Anesa Omeragić 515/16 Mentor: Professor Marina Simić Belgrade, September 2019 1 Abstract and keywords This paper examines the creation and the development of alt-right subculture, their language and behaviour. Alt-right was mainstreamed in 2016, and it is growing fast in the post-truth environment. Alt-right fights with stigmatisation that usually far-right movement face with the ironic and subtler language, rejection of the political correctness and use of jokes, sarcastic and nihilist approach and dark humour memes to spread their ideology. Alt-right members seem young, smart and exciting. They are gathering in board-based websites and/or forums that have little or no freedom of speech control. Lack of regulation and anonymity give them the opportunity to say what they mean, to spread the message and radicalise more. Alt-right online subculture was somewhat connected with rising of white supremacy’s violence globally in the past couple of years. Alt-right online subculture was especially compared with the four mass shootings or attempted mass shootings in the past six months – In Australia, Norway and the US. There is a danger that this trend of rising alt-right violence will continue. The public is not very- well informed about the alt-right community and its language, and it is essential to educate, especially youth, because of the danger of radicalisation. -
Racism's Occlusion from the Anti-Tom Novel to Charlottesville
“A Single White Line Running Through a Web of Blackness”: Racism’s Occlusion from the Anti-Tom Novel to Charlottesville by © David Mitterauer submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts at the English Department Memorial University of Newfoundland August 2019 St. John’s Newfoundland and Labrador Snowflake in the diving glow Contemplating the waves over the ground A grimace of fear and awe Spreading in the crowd around Amazing, unearthly The figure’s face on the temple is me –“Veridical Paradox,” Delusion Squared i Abstract This MA thesis discusses how romance as a literary form makes the Anti-Tom novel a malleable rhetorical vehicle to carry white supremacist ideology. Drawing on an interdisciplinary framework of postcolonial theory and race studies, the thesis analyzes antebellum Anti-Tom novels (Sarah J. Hale’s Liberia [1853]; Caroline Lee Hentz’s The Planter’s Northern Bride [1854]; and Charles Jacobs Peterson’s The Cabin and Parlor [1852]) and expands the genre’s definition to include Thomas Dixon’s The Leopard’s Spots (1902) and contemporary white-supremacist science fictions (William Luther Pierce’s The Turner Diaries [1978]; Ellen Williams’ Bedford: A World Vision [2000]; and Ward Kendall’s Hold Back This Day [2001]). The primary concerns of this thesis are to understand how the American slaveholding past signifies in the present political moment, to understand why the removal of the General Robert E. Lee statue catalyzed the violent riots in Charlottesville, Virginia, in August 2017, and to understand the affective preconditions Donald J. -
P2P-Hate-Report.Pdf
I’m in a community called Scuttlebutt which uses Peer-to-Peer technology. This is a type of technology that works radically differently from the internet as we know it now and offers a powerful vision for a resilient and sustainable future for technology and social movements. One evening, a friend who is a developer on Scuttlebutt and also has marginalized identities like myself messaged me and a small group of others with great concern writing: “Ok - so we have nazis already using scuttlebutt. When the NZ shootings happened I had a dream that in the news it was announced that they had been using an enclave of scuttlebutt to organise and radicalise. It seems inevitable that this will happen…” It continued a long conversation about the risks created by these radical technologies. My friend was genuinely afraid. So was I. And I still am. Like so many others, he had put a ton of work into cultivating both the community and the technology. He was scared both that the product of so many people’s love would become a central aid in white-supremacist organizing and that the community wasn’t ready to deal with the fall out of such a “nightmarish vision.” In most Peer-to-Peer communities it is impossible to surveill them or know how many people are using them because they are secure and often private by design. The only way to even catch a glimpse of how many white supremacists are using them is when they post on leaked forums or public websites. Otherwise, unless their conversations are infiltrated, we can only see the tips of the iceberg of the violence (or good!) facilitated by these technologies. -
Murdoch Murdoch: a Case Study in Threats to Ontological Security in Far-Right
Julian Morein Senior Thesis Dr. Angela Kachuyeveski 3 May 2020 Murdoch Murdoch: A Case Study in Threats to Ontological Security in Far-Right Propaganda I. Introduction Far-right groups have seen an uptick in support across western democracies. From Donald Trump’s victory in the United States, to France’s National Front winning its highest vote share in the most recent presidential election,2 to the VOX party’s parliamentary breakthrough in Spain’s most recent elections,3 the far-right is having a political resurgence after years of steady growth in support.4 These successes have also corresponded with an increase in widespread and well organized far-right propaganda, especially online. Far-right media employs several tactics to mainstream it’s ideas and to radicalize potential supporters. These include websites that spread disinformation presented as news,5 coordinated Twitter attacks,6 the incubation and dissemination of targeted memes,7 and the promulgation of far-right wed series. These web 2 “The Maps That Show How France Voted and Why,” BBC News (BBC, May 12, 2017), https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-39870460) 3 Sohail Jannessari, “The Left Will Govern Spain, but the Far-Right Is the Real Winner,” Foreign Policy, November 16, 2019, https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/11/16/spain-election-vox-far-right-socialists-winner/) 4 “The Maps That Show How France Voted and Why,” BBC News; Kristin Haltinner. “Paving the Way for Trump: The Tea Party’s Invisible Influence on the 2016 Election” in Trumping the Mainstream: The Conquest of Mainstream Democratic Politics by the Populist Radical Right. -
The Oxygen of Amplification Better Practices for Reporting on Extremists, Antagonists, and Manipulators Online
The Oxygen of Amplification Better Practices for Reporting on Extremists, Antagonists, and Manipulators Online By Whitney Phillips EXECUTIVE SUMMARY MAPPING THE MEDIA ECOSYSTEM We live in a time where new forms of power are emerging, where social and digital media are being leveraged to reconfigure the information landscape. This new domain requires journalists to take what they know about abuses of power and media manipulation in traditional information ecosystems and apply that knowledge to networked actors, such as white nationalist networks online. These actors create new journalistic stumbling blocks that transcend attempts to manipulate reporters solely to spin a beneficial narrative – which reporters are trained to decode – and instead represent a larger effort focused on spreading hateful ideology and other false and misleading narratives, with news coverage itself harnessed to fuel hate, confusion, and discord. The choices reporters and editors make about what to cover and how to cover it play a key part in regulating the amount of oxygen supplied to the falsehoods, antagonisms, and manipulations that threaten to overrun the contemporary media ecosystem—and, simultaneously, threaten to undermine democratic discourse more broadly. This context demands that journalists and the newsrooms that support them examine with greater scrutiny how these actors and movements endeavor to subvert journalism norms, practices, and objectives. More importantly, journalists, editors, and publishers must determine how the journalistic rule set must be strengthened and fortified against this newest form of journalistic manipulation—in some cases through the rigorous upholding of long-standing journalistic principles, and in others, by recognizing which practices and structural limitations make reporters particularly vulnerable to manipulation. -
Here They Helped Build the First Jewish Community Center
INSIDE Jewish Community Volume 52, Number 2 • Summer 2021/Kaitz 5781 Foundation It’s a pages 10-11 SMALL WORLD Sublime After All Two grade school friends reunite, after years Moments of apart, in the same New Mexico community Calm eorge Skadron and Harold B. Albert are both Jewish In- dianapolis natives. They celebrated their bar-mitzvahs at the Ruckle Street Beth-El Zedeck Synagogue under page 9 Rabbi William Greenfield and attended high school Gtogether at Shortridge High School. Harold and George also lived two doors apart on Park Avenue during the WWII years. For college, they went their separate ways; Harold studied at Indiana University while George went to rival Purdue University, and they both joined their respective Sigma Alpha Mu fraterni- This Year in ty chapters. But it wasn’t until 44 years later, that they reunited across the country in Albuquerque, New Mexico, where they helped build the first Jewish Community Center. This year, George and Jerusalem his wife, Vivian, were honored with a community service award in Harold’s name. page 2 “It’s very humbling,” George said. “I have seen the list of people who have won the award in past years and they are spectacular. I am SMALL WORLD continued on page 20 Jewish Organizations Express Shock of Alleged Antisemitic Attack against UNM Student Jewish organizations in New Mexico tions of antisemitism. And, we encourage JFNM is a founding member of the were shocked to learn that a UNM stu- prosecutors to pursue hate crime charges New Mexico Alliance Against Hate dent, Roni Saponar, was attacked in an if the evidence in the case shows that the Crime which is working to promote alleged antisemitic incident at a party on student was attacked by the group be- stronger hate crime law through the leg- May 7. -
Anti-Zionism = Antisemitism
Anti-Zionism = Antisemitism New York, November 28, 2017 Seven defining thought pieces on anti-Zionism and Antisemitism Introduction: Rebranding Zionism: Israel and Judaism are inseparable Unfortunately, at a time when support for Israel, the nation-state of the Jewish people, is under attack from many quarters, some in the Jewish organizational world are telling us that we should disavow the term Zionism because it is in disrepute. Although Zionism is the proud and entirely legitimate national movement returning an oppressed and dispersed people to their ancestral and indigenous land, somewhere along the way, the term ‘Zionism’ was turned into something else, something that has been tarred and ill-branded. If any other people returned to their ancient lands after thousands of years, the world would applaud, encourage, praise and support her. As it is Israel and the Jewish people returning to their ancestral homeland, the defamation and maligning is thunderous, accusing Israel of being the problem. This continued beating upon Israel, Zionists and the Jewish people is a classic example of anti-Zionism in the form of antisemitism. Zionism and Judaism are inseparable and we need to ensure that all Jews who are celebrating Shabbat around the world incorporate our love for Israel during our days of rest. Zionism has become an unwelcome word for some, but if Zionism is out of favor then it unfortunately follows that Judaism itself is under similar stress, because all of our Jewish sources, tradition and culture revolve around Israel, so it is impossible to separate one from the other. We must strive to accomplish that the essence of the reestablishment of Jewish sovereignty in our national and indigenous homeland becomes a central part of the lives of all Jews.