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Catherine the Great and the Development of a Modern Russian Sovereignty, 1762-1796
Catherine the Great and the Development of a Modern Russian Sovereignty, 1762-1796 By Thomas Lucius Lowish A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Victoria Frede-Montemayor, Chair Professor Jonathan Sheehan Professor Kinch Hoekstra Spring 2021 Abstract Catherine the Great and the Development of a Modern Russian Sovereignty, 1762-1796 by Thomas Lucius Lowish Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Berkeley Professor Victoria Frede-Montemayor, Chair Historians of Russian monarchy have avoided the concept of sovereignty, choosing instead to describe how monarchs sought power, authority, or legitimacy. This dissertation, which centers on Catherine the Great, the empress of Russia between 1762 and 1796, takes on the concept of sovereignty as the exercise of supreme and untrammeled power, considered legitimate, and shows why sovereignty was itself the major desideratum. Sovereignty expressed parity with Western rulers, but it would allow Russian monarchs to bring order to their vast domain and to meaningfully govern the lives of their multitudinous subjects. This dissertation argues that Catherine the Great was a crucial figure in this process. Perceiving the confusion and disorder in how her predecessors exercised power, she recognized that sovereignty required both strong and consistent procedures as well as substantial collaboration with the broadest possible number of stakeholders. This was a modern conception of sovereignty, designed to regulate the swelling mechanisms of the Russian state. Catherine established her system through careful management of both her own activities and the institutions and servitors that she saw as integral to the system. -
The Minor an Eigliteentli-Centuryfarce By
The VO Russian and East European Studies Center is proud to present The Minor an eigliteentli-centuryfarce by Denis Fonvizin HedopoCJlb ,[I;eHHca <POHBH3HHa :9Liapteaby Ju[ia Nimirovs~aya 'With Songs by'Yu[ii 1(jm fJ)irector~ 9{ptes Russia in the 18th century was known as a "woman's kingdom." During the course of almost 70 years there was a woman on the throne. Longer than any other ruled the most powerful, the most clever and educated of them all-Catherine the Great. Many Western philosophers, such as Voltaire and Diderot, considered her a truly enlightened monarch. Denis Fonvizin was the secretary of her personal enemy, Count Panin. Fonviziil wrote his most famous comedy The Minor in 1782; it is one of the 10 most famous Russian plays in the canon and one of the most frequently produced. Contemporaries read it as a criticism of female dominance and a satire on Catherine's reign, with the message that a strong woman is worse than a tyrannical man. The play's other goal was to show the audience that education improves people morally, while ignorance allows them to degrade and become mere beasts (thus the pig-loving Skotinin). In this comedy, all the educated people are kind and good, and all the uneducated people behave like animals. Of course, according to the laws of classical comedy, light and goodness con~er darkness and malice. It was not always this way in the 18t century-goodness did not always win. But we remember this century as a time of brilliant individualities, when strong personalities, eccentrics, and other talented people made their mark. -
Russian Museums Visit More Than 80 Million Visitors, 1/3 of Who Are Visitors Under 18
Moscow 4 There are more than 3000 museums (and about 72 000 museum workers) in Russian Moscow region 92 Federation, not including school and company museums. Every year Russian museums visit more than 80 million visitors, 1/3 of who are visitors under 18 There are about 650 individual and institutional members in ICOM Russia. During two last St. Petersburg 117 years ICOM Russia membership was rapidly increasing more than 20% (or about 100 new members) a year Northwestern region 160 You will find the information aboutICOM Russia members in this book. All members (individual and institutional) are divided in two big groups – Museums which are institutional members of ICOM or are represented by individual members and Organizations. All the museums in this book are distributed by regional principle. Organizations are structured in profile groups Central region 192 Volga river region 224 Many thanks to all the museums who offered their help and assistance in the making of this collection South of Russia 258 Special thanks to Urals 270 Museum creation and consulting Culture heritage security in Russia with 3M(tm)Novec(tm)1230 Siberia and Far East 284 © ICOM Russia, 2012 Organizations 322 © K. Novokhatko, A. Gnedovsky, N. Kazantseva, O. Guzewska – compiling, translation, editing, 2012 [email protected] www.icom.org.ru © Leo Tolstoy museum-estate “Yasnaya Polyana”, design, 2012 Moscow MOSCOW A. N. SCRiAbiN MEMORiAl Capital of Russia. Major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation center of Russia and the continent MUSEUM Highlights: First reference to Moscow dates from 1147 when Moscow was already a pretty big town. -
Eugene Miakinkov
Russian Military Culture during the Reigns of Catherine II and Paul I, 1762-1801 by Eugene Miakinkov A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History Department of History and Classics University of Alberta ©Eugene Miakinkov, 2015 Abstract This study explores the shape and development of military culture during the reign of Catherine II. Next to the institutions of the autocracy and the Orthodox Church, the military occupied the most important position in imperial Russia, especially in the eighteenth century. Rather than analyzing the military as an institution or a fighting force, this dissertation uses the tools of cultural history to explore its attitudes, values, aspirations, tensions, and beliefs. Patronage and education served to introduce a generation of young nobles to the world of the military culture, and expose it to its values of respect, hierarchy, subordination, but also the importance of professional knowledge. Merit is a crucial component in any military, and Catherine’s military culture had to resolve the tensions between the idea of meritocracy and seniority. All of the above ideas and dilemmas were expressed in a number of military texts that began to appear during Catherine’s reign. It was during that time that the military culture acquired the cultural, political, and intellectual space to develop – a space I label the “military public sphere”. This development was most clearly evident in the publication, by Russian authors, of a range of military literature for the first time in this era. The military culture was also reflected in the symbolic means used by the senior commanders to convey and reinforce its values in the army. -
BETWEEN PHILOSOPHIES: the EMERGENCE of a NEW INTELLECTUAL PARADIGM in RUSSIA by Alyssa J. Deblasio Bachelor of Arts, Villanova
BETWEEN PHILOSOPHIES: THE EMERGENCE OF A NEW INTELLECTUAL PARADIGM IN RUSSIA by Alyssa J. DeBlasio Bachelor of Arts, Villanova University, 2003 Master of Arts, University of Pittsburgh, 2006 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2010 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH School of Arts and Sciences This dissertation was presented by Alyssa J. DeBlasio It was defended on May 14, 2010 and approved by Tatiana Artemyeva, Professor, Herzen State Pedagogical University (St. Petersburg, Russia), Department of Theory and History of Culture Vladimir Padunov, Associate Professor, University of Pittsburgh, Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures James P. Scanlan, Emeritus Professor, The Ohio State University, Department of Philosophy Dissertation Advisor: Nancy Condee, Associate Professor, Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures ii Copyright © by Alyssa J. DeBlasio 2010 iii BETWEEN PHILOSOPHIES: THE EMERGENCE OF A NEW INTELLECTUAL PARADIGM IN RUSSIA Alyssa J. DeBlasio, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2010 This dissertation takes as its primary task the evaluation of a conflict of paradigms in Russian philosophical thought in the past decade. If until the early nineties Russian philosophers were often guilty of uncritically attributing to their domestic philosophy a set of characteristics that fell along the lines of a religious/secular binary (e.g. literary vs. analytic; continuous vs. ruptured), in recent years the same scholarship is moving away from the nineteenth-century model of philosophy as a “path” or “special mission,” as it has been called by Konstantin Aksakov, Aleksei Khomiakov, Ivan Kireevskii, and later, Nikolai Berdiaev, among others. -
Woman, Nature, and Equality in Russian Sentimentalism
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2016 Disrupted Idylls: Nature, Equality, and the Feminine in Sentimentalist Russian Women’s Writing (Mariia Pospelova, Mariia Bolotnikova, and Anna Naumova) Stohler, Ursula DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/slr.2018.178 Other titles: With translations by Emily Lygo Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-120423 Monograph Accepted Version Originally published at: Stohler, Ursula (2016). Disrupted Idylls: Nature, Equality, and the Feminine in Sentimentalist Russian Women’s Writing (Mariia Pospelova, Mariia Bolotnikova, and Anna Naumova). Bern: Peter Lang. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/slr.2018.178 1 Ursula Stohler Disrupted Idylls: Nature, Equality, and the Feminine in Sentimentalist Russian Women’s Writing (Mariia Pospelova, Mariia Bolotnikova, and Anna Naumova) With translations by Emily Lygo This book is a revised version of my dissertation, Russian Women Writers of the 1800– 1820s and the Response to Sentimentalist Literary Conventions of Nature, the Feminine, and Writing: Mariia Pospelova, Mariia Bolotnikova, and Anna Naumova, submitted to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Russian Studies, June 2005 2 Abstract This study explores the ways in which Russian women writers responded to Sentimentalist conventions of authorship, challenging their conceptualisation of women as mute and passive beings. Its particular focus is on the works by Anna Naumova, Mariia Pospelova and Mariia Bolotnikova, three late-18th- and early-19th- century Russian women authors who have only recently begun to receive some slight scholarly attention from Western European researchers in Russian Women’s Studies. -
Land Redistributions and the Russian Peasant Commune in the Late-Imperial Period
Land Redistributions and the Russian Peasant Commune in the Late-Imperial Period Steven Nafziger1 Preliminary and Incomplete Comments welcome and encouraged. Version: December, 2004 1Department of Economics, Yale University, [email protected]. This paper forms part of a larger project on the economics of rural development in Russia between 1861 and 1917. Research for this project was supported in part by the Title VIII Combined Research and Language Training Program, which is funded by the U.S. State Department and admin- istered by the American Councils for International Education: ACTR/ACCELS. The opinions expressed herein are the author’s and do not necessarily express the views of either the State Department or American Councils. Further support from the Economic History Association, the Sasakawa Foundation, Yale’s Economic Growth Center, and the Yale Center for Interna- tional and Area Studies is very much appreciated. The comments and suggestions of Tracy Dennison, Daniel Field, Timothy Guinnane, Mark Harrison, Valery Lazarev, Carol Leonard, Jason Long, Angela Micah, Carolyn Moehling, Benjamin Polak, Christopher Udry, and partic- ipants at the 2004 World Cliometric Congress, the 2004 Economic History Association meet- ings, and seminars at Yale and Harvard Universities were extremely helpful. Errors remain the exclusive property of the author. Abstract This paper investigates the motivations for, and effects of, intra-community land re- distributions by Russian peasants in the 19th century. Scholars such as Alexander Gerschenkron have emphasized that such repartitions of arable land create negative investment and innovation incentives and played a major role in hampering rural de- velopment in the period after serfdom. -
Russian Theater
HUMANITIES INSTITUTE Ayse Dietrich, Ph.D. RUSSIAN THEATER Overview Until the 11th century the early Russian people had primitive forms of entertainment, mostly ritualistic ceremonies, pagan shows with dramatic recitations of fables, tales and proverbs, and singing and dances, performed by skomorokhi, traveling minstrels. While in the past the rigid rules of the Orthodox Church made the development of a truly national theater impossible, and theaters suffered partial destruction and the persecution of performers, during the Soviet period theaters had to conform to the rigid frames of ideological dictatorship. ANCIENT PERIOD Pagan ceremonies in which tales, proverbs and fables were recited, together with the songs and dances of itinerant jesters, known as skomorokhi, laid the foundation for the development of Russian theater. POST CLASSICAL PERIOD Skomorokhi: The Skomorokhi, based on Byzantine models, appeared around the middle of the 11th century in Kievan Rus and were performers who played musical instruments, sang, danced and even composed the scores for their performances. The skomorokhi were not universally popular in Kievan Rus, and were described in pejorative terms in the Primary Chronicle. Both the ruling authorities and the Orthodox Church viewed the skomorokhi as being in league with the devil, and persecuted them for maintaining what they regarded as pagan traditions. A major reason for the skomorokhi’s unpopularity with both the secular and religious leaders was the nature of their art. The skomorokhi’s performances were aimed at ordinary people, and often were in opposition to those in power. As a result the clergy and feudal rulers viewed the skomorokhi as useless to society at the very least, and politically and religiously dangerous at the very worst. -
A New Perspective in Russian Intellectual History: Russian Political Thought in Early Modern Times
Вивлioѳика: E-Journal of Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies, Vol. 7 (2019): 119-123 119 __________________________________________________________________________________ A New Perspective in Russian Intellectual History: Russian Political Thought in Early Modern Times Derek Offord The University of Bristol [email protected] ___________________________________________________________________________ G. M. Hamburg, Russia’s Path Toward Enlightenment: Faith, Politics, and Reason, 1500– 1801. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2016, 912 p. ISBN: 9780300113136 ___________________________________________________________________________ Gary Hamburg’s erudite and thoughtful survey of early modern Russian thought began its life as part of a more general study of Russian thought up until the revolutions of 1917. As originally conceived, this study would have built upon the author’s already substantial corpus of work on nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Russian history and thought, most notably his monograph of 1992 on Boris Chicherin and his volume of 2010, co-edited with Randall A. Poole, on freedom and dignity in Russian philosophy from 1830 to 1930. As work progressed, however, it became clear that thinkers active from the early sixteenth century to the end of the eighteenth demanded more attention than Hamburg had anticipated; in fact, they came to merit a book all to themselves. The resulting 900-page product of his reflection on the prehistory of modern Russian thought enables him to straddle what are generally perceived as two great divides: First, the supposed divide between Muscovite and Imperial Russia and, second, that between the traditional religious and the secular enlightened forms of Russian culture. The enormous volume of material that Hamburg presents in this monograph is organized in three parts within a broadly chronological framework. -
Fifth International Financial University Forum Tentative PROGRAM Tues., 27 November 2018 Lobby, 2Nd Floor, 9:00 – 10:00 Registration Leningradsky Prospekt, 51 Bld
How to Break into the Top Five of the Leading World Economies? Fifth International Financial University Forum Tentative PROGRAM Tues., 27 November 2018 Lobby, 2nd floor, 9:00 – 10:00 Registration Leningradsky Prospekt, 51 bld. 1 10:00-12:40 Plenary session Leningradsky Speakers Prospekt, 51, bld.1, Anton Siluanov, First Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Assembly Hall Russian Federation, Minister, Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation Giulio Carlo Danilo Tremonti, Italian politician, former Minister of Economy and Finance Sergei Bodrunov, President, Free Economic Society of Russia Tatiana Golikova, Deputy Chairperson of the Government of the Russian Federation for Social Policy Aleksei Gordeyev, Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation for Agro-Industrial Sector, Natural Resources and Environment Protection Issues Mikhail Kotyukov, Minister of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation Andrei Makarov, Chairman, State Duma Committee for Budget and Taxes, Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation Andrei Kostin, President and Chairman of the Board, VTB Bank Aleksei Kudrin, Chairman, Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation Aleksandr Shokhin, President, Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs 12:40-13:00 Quality of Life Financial University Award ceremony 14:00-16:00 Open lecture by Jean Tirole, holder of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (2014) Wed., 28 November 2018 10:00-13:00 Session Leningradsky Where can We Obtain the Funds for the Breakthrough? Public Prospekt, 55, Monetary and Fiscal Policy room 213 Moderators: A.A. Khandryuev, M.A. Abramova Person in charge S.P. Solyannikova, Head, Department of Public Finance, Financial University [email protected] Participants M.Yu. -
Durham Research Online
Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 08 February 2017 Version of attached le: Accepted Version Peer-review status of attached le: Peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Ivleva, Victoria (2016) 'Social life of the caftan in eighteenth-century Russia.', Clothing cultures., 3 (3). pp. 171-189. Further information on publisher's website: https://doi.org/10.1386/cc.3.3.1711 Publisher's copyright statement: Additional information: Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Durham University Library, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LY, United Kingdom Tel : +44 (0)191 334 3042 | Fax : +44 (0)191 334 2971 https://dro.dur.ac.uk VICTORIA IVLEVA Durham University The Social Life Of the Caftan in Eighteenth-Century Russia ABSTRACT This article explores the ‘cultural biography’ of the caftan, a garment, which underwent significant changes as a part of Peter I’s urban clothing revolution. The article discusses the evolution of the caftan and changes in its functions and meanings, its historical, social and literary modes of circulation, and the semiotic value it acquired in the eighteenth-century clothing system, and more broadly, in eighteenth-century Russian culture. -
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5th International Conference on Accounting, Auditing, and Taxation (ICAAT 2016) THE FORMATION OF ACCOUNTING EDUCATION IN RUSSIA Alexander V. Kuznetsov Kuban State University, Russia Marina M. Gurskaya Kuban State University, Russia Mikhail I. Kuter Kuban State University, Russia Abstract The purpose of the paper is to research into the characteristic features of the evolution of ac- counting education in Russia, to identify the main stages of this historical process and their time limits. The formation of accounting education is considered as a purposeful process be- ing the integral part of the reforms of Peter the Great, and in which the tsar himself played a leading role. It is proved that the training was carried out mainly by means of practical study abroad and mentoring. The story of Ivan Thames, who taught accounting to the youth, as well as of Petr Rychkov, who became the author of the first Russian publication concerning ac- counting, is used as an illustration. The first cases of the use of the adopted in Russia account- ing terminology are presented. The forms of accounting books, applied in the 18th century, are given. The establishment of the first Russian commercial colleges is presented. The character- istic features of the manuals of accounting used in these establishments are discussed. The paper contains historical facts that can be of interest to those who are interested in the history of Russia. Keywords: Accounting education in Russia, history of Russian accounting, commercial col- leges in Russia, first Russian manuals of accounting JEL code: A200, M410, N000 Introduction There is no doubt that the level of qualification of an accountant depends on the quality of his education.