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Illustrations 15. , Escutcheon with St. Veronica’s Veil, ca. 1577–79. Private collection 30 16. El Greco, St. Veronica, ca. 1580. Formerly Colección Maria Louisa Caturla, 30 1. El Greco, Dormition of the Virgin, ca. 1565. Holy 17. El Greco, St. Veronica, ca. 1580. Museo de Santa Cruz, Cathedral of the Dormition of the Virgin, , Toledo 31 2 18. El Greco, St. Veronica’s Veil, ca. 1580. Private 2. El Greco, The Assumption of the Virgin, 1577–79. The collection 31 3 19. , St. Veronica , ca. 1525. 3. El Greco, , before 1567. Benaki Reverenda Fabbrica di San Pietro, Vatican 36 Museum, Athens 5 20. Copy of , Holy Face, ca. 1438. Gemälde- 4. El Greco, St. Luke Painting the Virgin and Child, galerie, Staatlichen Museen, Berlin 36 before 1567. , Athens 17 21. El Greco, of Christ, ca. 1567–70. Historical 5. Virgin Mesopanditissa. Santa Maria della Salute, Museum of , 44 19 22. El Greco, , showing Adoration of 6. Jan Gossaert, St. Luke Painting the Virgin and Child, the Shepherds (left), Christ Crowning the Christian Solider ca. 1520. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna 21 (center), and Baptism of Christ (right), ca. 1567. Galleria 7. , showing Socrates painting, Estense, Modena 467 from Achillis Bocchii Bonon. symbolicarum quaestionum 23. El Greco, , showing the de Universo genere quas serio ludebat (: Novae (left),View of (center), and Expulsion from Academiae Bocchanae, 1555) 23 Paradise (right), ca. 1567. , Modena 46 8. Caravaggio, Inspiration of St. Matthew, 1602. 24. El Greco, Baptism of Christ from Modena Triptych, Contarelli Chapel, San Luigi dei Francesi, 23 ca. 1567. Galleria Estense, Modena 47 9. , St. Luke Painting the and 25. Giovanni Battista d’Angeli (del Moro), Baptism of Child, ca. 1565. SS Annunziata, Florence 24 Christ, mid-sixteenth century 47 10. Maerten van Heemskerck, St. Luke Painting the 26. El Greco, Adoration of the Shepherds, ca. 1567. Agnes Virgin and Child, 1532. Frans Hals Museum, Haarlem 24 Etherington Art Centre, Queen’s University, Kingston, 11. , Sistine Madonna, ca. 1513. Gemäldegalerie Ontario, Canada 48 Alte Meister, Dresden 25 27. El Greco, Adoration of the Shepherds from Modena 12. Raphael [after?], St. Luke Painting the Madonna, Triptych, ca. 1567. Galleria Estense, Modena 49 sixteenth century. Accademia di San Luca, Rome 25 28. El Greco, Adoration of the Shepherds, ca. 1572–76. 13. Giovanni Paolo Lomazzo, Allegory of Painting, Private collection 49 ca. 1564–70. Albertina, Vienna 27 29. El Greco, Expulsion from Paradise from Modena 14. Federico Zuccaro, Father of Disegno, late sixteenth Triptych, ca. 1567. Galleria Estense, Modena 50 century. Viviani Collection, Palazzo Ducale, Urbino 27

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30. El Greco, Annunciation from Modena Triptych, 43. El Greco, detail of , ca. 1570. ca. 1567. Galleria Estense, Modena 50 Minneapolis Institute of Arts 74 31. , after , Annunciation, ca. 44. El Greco, Pietà, ca. 1570. The Philadelphia Museum 1527–37 51 of Art 77

32. El Greco, View of Mount Sinai, ca. 1570. Historical 45. El Greco, Pietà, ca. 1575. Hispanic Society of America, Museum of Crete, Heraklion 52 New York 78 33. El Greco, Washing of the Feet from Ferrara Triptych, 46. , Pietà, ca. 1547–55. Museo dell’Opera ca. 1567–68. Collezione Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio del Duomo, Florence 79 di Ferrara, on deposit at the Pinacoteca Nazionale di 47. El Greco, study after Michelangelo’s Day, ca. 1570s. Ferrara 53 Staatliche Graphische Sammlung, 81 34. El Greco, Agony in the Garden from Ferrara Triptych, 48. Titian, Annunciation, ca. 1559–64. San Salvador, ca. 1567–68. Collezione Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio Venice 84 di Ferrara, on deposit at the Pinacoteca Nazionale di Ferrara 53 49. El Greco, Annunciation, ca. 1570. , Madrid 85 35. El Greco, Christ Before Pilate from Ferrara Triptych, ca. 1567–68. Collezione Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio 50. El Greco, Annunciation, ca. 1570–76. Colección di Ferrara, on deposit at the Pinacoteca Nazionale di Muñoz, Barcelona 86 Ferrara 54 51. El Greco, Annunciation, ca. 1570–76. Museo Thyssen- 36. El Greco, Crucifixion from Ferrara Triptych, ca. Bornemisza, Madrid 87 1567–68. Collezione Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di 52. El Greco, Christ Cleansing the Temple, before 1570. Ferrara, on deposit at the Pinacoteca Nazionale di of Art, Washington, DC 100 Ferrara 54 53. El Greco, Cleansing of the Temple, ca. 1570. Minneapo- 37. Giovanni Battista d’Angeli, Crucifixion, mid-sixteenth lis Institute of Arts 101 century 54 54. El Greco, Christ Healing the Blind, ca. 1570. Gemälde- 38. , Scenes of Christ’s Passion, galerie Alte Meister, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen, ca. 1550–1600. The , Baltimore 55 Dresden 104 39. El Greco, St. Francis Receiving the Stigmata, ca. 1570. 55. El Greco, Christ Healing the Blind, ca. 1570. The Istituto Suor Orsola Benincasa, 57 Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York 106 40. El Greco, St. Francis Receiving the Stigmata, ca. 1570. 56. El Greco, Christ Healing the Blind, ca. 1572. Galleria Private collection, Madrid 57 Nazionale, 107 41. El Greco, Burial of Christ, ca. 1568–70. National 57. Battista Franco, after Raphael, Peter Healing the Lame, Gallery–Alexandros Soutzos Museum, Athens 61 ca. 1554–61 108 42. Michael Damaskinos, Madonna del Rosario, ca. 1572. 58. Giulio Clovio, Blinding of Elymas, ca. 1528–34. High of the Cappella del SS Rosario, Church of San , Paris 109 Benedetto, Conversano, 66 59. Scena tragica, from Sebastiano Serlio, Il secondo libro di perspettiva (Paris: Iehan Barbé, 1545) 112

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60. Theater cross-section, from Sebastiano Serlio, Il 71. Interior of Santa Maria degli Angeli e dei Martiri, secondo libro di perspettiva (Paris: Iehan Barbé, 1545) 116 Rome 141 61. Stage scenographies by Vincenzo Scamozzi in 72. El Greco, Boy Blowing an Ember (Soplón), ca. 1570–72. Andrea Palladio, Teatro Olimpico, ca. 1585. Vicenza 116 Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples 146 62. El Greco, Portrait of Giulio Clovio, ca. 1572. Museo 73. El Greco, Fable, ca. 1577. Museo del Prado, Madrid 147 Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples 128 74. Michelangelo, Erythraean Sibyl, ca. 1508–12. Sistine 63. El Greco, Portrait of an Architect, ca. 1570–75. Chapel, Vatican 148 National Gallery of Denmark, Copenhagen 129 75. El Greco, high altar at Santo Domingo el Antiguo, 64. El Greco, Portrait of a Sculptor, ca. 1576. Private Toledo 154 collection 130 76. Titian, Assumption of the Virgin, ca. 1516–18. Santa 65. Giuliano da Sangallo, sketch of the Temple of the Maria Gloriosa dei Frari, Venice 157 Sibyl from Libro di disegni, Codice Baberiniano Latino 77. Jacopo , Assumption of the Virgin, ca. 1555. 4424, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana. 134 Chiesa dei Gesuiti, Venice 159 66. Maerten van Heemskerck, Temple of Vesta in Tivoli, 78. Cherubino Alberti, Assumption of the Virgin, ca. 1532–36, from the Roman Sketchbook II, inv. 79 D 2 A ca. 1571 159 Kupferstichkabinett, Staatliche Museen, Berlin 134 79. El Greco, Trinity, ca. 1577–79. Museo del Prado, 67. El Greco, detail from Christ Healing the Blind, ca. 1572. Madrid 160 Galleria Nazionale, Parma 135 80. Albrecht Dürer, Holy Trinity, ca. 1511 161 68. Giovanni Antonio Dosio, Arch of Constantine, mid-sixteenth century. Gabinetto dei Disegni e delle 81. Michelangelo, study for the Colonna Pietà, early Stampe, Uffizi, Florence 135 . Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, Boston 161 69. Giovanni Battista de’ Cavalieri, Baths of Diocletian, 82. El Greco, Resurrection, ca. 1577–79. Santo Domingo el from Urbis Romae aedificiorum illustrium quae supersunt Antiguo, Toledo 162 reliquiae (Rome, 1569) 137 83. El Greco, St. Sebastian, ca. 1577–78. Museo Catedral- 70. After Giovanni Antonio Dosio, illustration ico, Palencia 163 of Baths of Diocletian, from Bernardo Gamucci, 84. El Greco, Adoration of the Shepherds, ca. 1577–79. Le antichità della città di Roma (Venice: Giovanni Fundación Botín, Santander 167 Varisco e i Compagni, 1569) 137

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