Annual Report 2013

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@PRESSFREEDOM COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 1

Annual Report 2013 There has never been a more dangerous time for journalists, with record numbers killed and imprisoned around the world. New technologies enable censorship and surveillance on an unprecedented scale—even as they empower exponentially more people to commit acts of journalism. Syria provides a stark example of the new challenges, with 52 journalists killed for their reporting on the conflict to date. Ninety percent of those journalists were locals, including large numbers of citizen journalists. More than 70 Syrian journalists have been forced into exile since the conflict began in 2011. In September, I joined an emergency meeting in Istanbul convened by CPJ to improve aid to Syrian journalists. Local journalists in Syria are literally serving as the eyes and ears of the world, yet feel largely abandoned by the international community. We are leading a joint initiative to support journalists at risk and share practical advice, including on security issues. We also confronted an evolving crisis in Turkey, the world’s leading jailer of journalists in 2012. This year, things got even worse as journalists covering anti- government protests became frequent targets of police abuse. Dozens of journalists were fired or forced to resign for their critical reporting. CPJ drew international attention to the crackdown and raised the political costs of repression. Our advocacy contributed to the release of at least 10 journalists this year. In October, CPJ issued its first-ever comprehensive report on the state of press freedom in the United States. The report examines the impact of the U.S. administration’s aggressive war on leaks and widespread surveillance. Leading journalists described to us a pervasive chilling effect on reporters and their sources. We are hearing from international colleagues about the far-reaching implications of these actions—especially for journalists working in closed societies who had looked to the U.S. as a model for upholding freedom of the press. We all have a stake in ensuring that freedom of expression is broadly defended and preserved, the world over. Thanks to all of you who have supported us over the years. We hope that many more of you will join us in the fight to defend brave journalists and keep the information space open for all.

Sincerely, A photographer stands on a vehicle to capture a massive demonstration in Istanbul on June 8, as nationwide protests gather force. Unrest began in late May over plans to cut down trees in Istanbul’s Gezi Park, and eventually grew to include wider demands for freedom of assembly and freedom of expression. Joel Simon PHOTOGRAPH BY SCOTT PETERSON/GETTY IMAGES Executive Director 2013: A YEAR OF IMPACT COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 3

CPJ PROMOTES PRESS FREEDOM WORLDWIDE AND DEFENDS THE RIGHT OF JOURNALISTS TO REPORT THE NEWS WITHOUT FEAR OF REPRISAL. CPJ ENSURES THE FREE FLOW OF NEWS AND COMMENTARY BY TAKING ACTION WHEREVER JOURNALISTS ARE ATTACKED, IMPRISONED, KILLED, KIDNAPPED, THREATENED, CENSORED, OR HARASSED. SYRIA RUSSIA

CPJ IS WORKING WITH PARTNERS TO CPJ LAUNCHED A CAMPAIGN TO BRING IMPROVE AID TO SYRIAN JOURNALISTS AMID INTERNATIONAL ATTENTION TO AN ESCALATING REFUGEE CRISIS. DOZENS DETERIORATING PRESS FREEDOM OF JOURNALISTS HAVE FLED THE COUNTRY CONDITIONS IN RUSSIA AHEAD OF THE SINCE THE CONFLICT BEGAN. (P. 17) 2014 SOCHI OLYMPICS. (P. 13) UNITED STATES IRAN OBAMA AND THE PRESS – CPJ’S FIRST EVER IN-DEPTH REPORT ON THE U.S. – EXAMINES IRAN'S JOURNALISTS ARE IN CHAINS, THE CHILLING EFFECT OF AGGRESSIVE DECLARED OUR REPORT ISSUED ON THE LEAK INVESTIGATIONS AND WIDESPREAD EVE OF THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION. CPJ SURVEILLANCE. (P. 15) IS CALLING FOR THE RELEASE OF ALL CHINA IMPRISONED JOURNALISTS. OUR REPORT ON THE SHIFTING DYNAMICS OF CENSORSHIP AND CONTROL JUMPED THE GREAT FIREWALL AND IS BEING AFGHANISTAN CIRCULATED AMONG CHINESE JOURNALISTS AND INTELLECTUALS. A CPJ MISSION TO THE COUNTRY FOUND AFGHAN JOURNALISTS BANDING TOGETHER TO DEFEND THEIR RIGHTS IN EGYPT THE FACE OF ONGOING THREATS, AND IN ANTICIPATION OF NEW DANGERS. (P. 7) OUR REPORT ON THE DIVIDE CHRONICLES THE STRUGGLE FOR PRESS FREEDOM AS JOURNALISTS FACE CHALLENGES RANGING FROM LEGAL INTIMIDATION TO CENSORSHIP TO PHYSICAL ASSAULT. (P. 9)

BRAZIL NIGERIA A CPJ ADVOCACY MISSION DREW GOVERNMENT ATTENTION TO A WAVE OF CPJ REPORTS ON WORRYING TRENDS IN BURMA DEADLY VIOLENCE AGAINST THE MEDIA NIGERIA, WHICH ENTERED OUR ANNUAL AND PROVIDED MUCH NEEDED SUPPORT IMPUNITY INDEX OF COUNTRIES WITH THE PAKISTAN A CPJ REPORT FINDS THAT BURMA TO LOCAL JOURNALISTS AT RISK. (P. 5) WORST RECORDS FOR PROSECUTING FALTERS ON PRESS FREEDOM, DESPITE JOURNALIST MURDERS. (P. 11) A REPORT ON THE ROOTS OF IMPUNITY SIGNIFICANT STEPS TOWARD GREATER INVESTIGATES WHY VIOLENCE AGAINST THE OPENNESS. WE ARE CALLING FOR THE PRESS GOES UNPUNISHED IN ONE OF THE REFORM OF RESTRICTIVE MEDIA LAWS. DEADLIEST COUNTRIES FOR JOURNALISTS. Annual Report 2013 Table of Contents AMERICAS PROGRAM: BRAZIL 5 TANZANIA ASIA PROGRAM: Afghanistan 7 MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA PROGRAM: Egypt 9 CPJ IS WORKING TO EXPOSE THE INVISIBLE AFRICA PROGRAM: NIGERIA 11 PLIGHT OF THE TANZANIAN PRESS, AS A EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA PROGRAM: RUSSIA 13 SPIKE IN ATTACKS AGAINST JOURNALISTS UNDERMINES THE COUNTRY’S REPUTATION INTERNET ADVOCACY 15 FOR TRANSPARENCY. JOURNALIST ASSISTANCE 17 JOURNALISTS KILLED 1992-2013 19 CAMPAIGN AGAINST IMPUNITY 21 JOURNALIST SECURITY 23 INTERNATIONAL PRESS FREEDOM AWARDS 27 SUPPORTERS 29 CPJ HAS ITS HEADQUARTERS IN NEW YORK CITY AND CONTRIBUTORS IN: FINANCIAL REPORT 31 WASHINGTON D.C., SAN FRANCISCO, MEXICO CITY, BOGOTA, SÃO PAULO, ABUJA, NAIROBI, CPJ BOARD AND STAFF 32 CAPE TOWN, LONDON, BRUSSELS, ISTANBUL, MOSCOW, BANGKOK, HONG KONG THE AMERICAS COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 5

Brazilians march through São Paulo amid massive nationwide demonstrations in June. The protests Violence against were sparked by bus and subway fare hikes, but evolved into a broader expression of discontent. Journalists were attacked by military police Journalists Spikes as well as by protesters. PHOTOGRAPH BY in Brazil JOÃO PINA/REDUX

Brazilian journalist Mauri König won international attention, including an award “I went to the limit from CPJ, for his reporting on organized of my possibilities in crime and corruption. Back home in the search of the truth southern city of Curitiba, König’s work won him powerful enemies among local in which I believe” police who were among those accused of wrongdoing. After receiving death threats, Our advocacy helped secure government the journalist went into hiding with his pledges to protect press freedom at home wife and 3-year-old son, and called CPJ. We and abroad. In meetings with CPJ, Brazilian worked with IPYS, a Lima-based press group, officials pledged to support the embattled to get König out of the country. Inter-American human rights system and the UN action plan on impunity. This year, we “I have always been convinced that welcomed a conviction in the 2010 murder journalism is an instrument that transforms of Brazilian radio journalist and blogger people and realities,” König wrote in an Francisco Gomes de Medeiros. We urged anguished blog for CPJ. “I went to the limit authorities to bring to justice all those of my possibilities in search of the truth in responsible for the journalist’s murder and which I believe.” address mounting violence against the press.

König chose to return home, despite ongoing In June, CPJ documented the cases of 25 threats. In March, CPJ carried out a mission journalists attacked or detained amid to Brazil to stand with König and other massive protests that swept Brazil. journalists at risk. Brazil is among the most Journalists were targeted by military police, dangerous countries in the Americas for as well as by protesters angered by media journalists. Ten journalists have been killed coverage. We called on all sides to respect over the past two years. Provincial journalists the crucial role of journalists in covering and bloggers face the greatest risks. events of tremendous public interest. ASIA COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 7

Afghan Journalists “This society has grown enough not to see all these gains vanish overnight” Stand Strong Despite Growing Threats

Afghanistan’s booming news media Afghans who worked for U.S. are among the country’s success media companies. stories—evidence of the social and political changes since the end Many reporters said they were of Taliban rule. However, Afghan committed to stay, and local journalists still face tremendous journalists are increasingly banding pressures from all sides, including together to defend their rights. We the government, security forces, welcomed the establishment of the militant groups, and regional and Afghanistan Journalists Federation, ethnic powerbrokers. an umbrella organization of nine media and free expression groups. The risks are likely to multiply During a visit to the AJF office during a volatile transition period, in Kabul, we met with journalist as the country prepares for national Abdolrahman Sakhizadeh, who was elections in April 2014 and the imprisoned on libel charges for planned drawdown of most NATO exposing abuses in the High Office troops by the end of that year. The for Oversight and Anti-Corruption. international community is expected Asked about his two weeks locked to scale down aid, including support in a hot cell during Ramadan, for media and civil society. Sakhizadeh replied simply, “prison is prison.” He planned to fight his case CPJ traveled to Afghanistan in July through the courts. to meet with local journalists and prepare for contingencies. We found Despite anxiety about the future, that a number of journalists have many journalists sounded cautiously already left the field, particularly optimistic. “This society has grown women. Although permanent exile enough not to see all these gains Journalists crowd around is a last resort, CPJ has assisted a vanish overnight,” said Lotfullah former foreign minister Abdullah Abdullah as he limited number of journalists forced Najafizada, head of current affairs announces plans to enter the 2014 presidential race. to flee the country. We are seeking to at Tolo TV, the country’s largest

PHOTOGRAPH BY ensure that the U.S. grants independent broadcaster. “Some DANIEL BEREHULAK THE NEW YORK TIMES/REDUX Special Immigrant Visas to qualified gains are irreversible.” MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 9

Journalists Fighting for Free Expression in Egypt

CPJ has stood at the forefront of defending journalists in Egypt, “Freedom of speech where state repression combined is not a gift, it’s with political volatility pose extraordinary challenges for a a birthright” deeply divided press corps. off the air in an effort to mute Hopes for press freedom in Egypt criticism. In the ensuing two were high after the 2011 revolution months, CPJ reported on 67 led to an explosion of private media cases of temporary detentions, outlets and set the country on a path assaults, and confiscations against to a landmark presidential election. journalists. As of September 1, Since then, the media have been Egyptian authorities were holding battered by an array of repressive 10 journalists in custody—including Youth protestors clash tactics, from legal and physical six journalists from Al-Jazeera and with Egyptian police on January 25, 2013, the second intimidation under the short-lived its affiliates. anniversary of the uprising presidency of Mohamed Morsi to the that toppled longtime Nine journalists have been killed president Hosni Mubarak. wide censorship of the new military- Escalating protests prompted backed government. in the course of their reporting in the military to seize power Egypt since 2011. In September, in July. PHOTOGRAPHS BY Morsi’s failure to tolerate diverse CPJ launched an online petition MOISES SAMAN/MAGNUM views was among the missteps that drive calling for investigations into led to his fall. A CPJ special report the deaths of all journalists killed found that Morsi and his supporters during this period. used politicized regulations, ignored dissent to push through a In November, CPJ gave its repressive new constitution, pursued International Press Freedom Award retaliatory criminal investigations, to Egyptian satirist Bassem Youssef, and employed rhetorical and a popular talk show host and physical intimidation of critics. newspaper columnist who takes on political conservatives and liberals When the Egyptian military seized alike. (See p. 27) “I will not tone control on July 3, it promptly down my criticism,” Youssef told turned the tables. One of the CPJ in an interview just days before regime’s first acts was to take Morsi’s ouster. “Freedom of speech five pro-Morsi television stations is not a gift, it’s a birthright.” AFRICA COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 11

Nigerian Media Under “We are operating between the devil and Pressure from All Sides the deep blue sea”

The Nigerian media scene is vibrant. In April, the Premium Times reported on However, reporting on conflict, human a secret government program to spy on rights abuses, and political corruption can Internet users. In September, the Nigerian be extraordinarily difficult. Government Senate debated a bill for the “Interception, officials often use state security as a pretext Development and Protection of for withholding information. Communications Networks and Facilities for Public Interest and Other Related Matters.” The country is one of the world’s largest Journalists worried that the bill would oil producers, yet more than half its people provide a legal basis for wider surveillance. live in poverty. In April, CPJ condemned the government’s ban on the documentary We are expanding outreach with the local film, “Fueling Poverty,” which was deemed press freedom movement, including a threat to national security. Media bloggers and mobile media pioneers. In organizations have been sanctioned for September, Information Minister Labaran criticizing the government. Maku expressed the government’s “utmost displeasure” with online media coverage. He Nigeria, which joined CPJ’s Impunity Index criticized two news organizations, Premium for the first time, ranked 11th worst in the Times and SaharaReporters, for publishing world in prosecuting journalist murders. “online reports deliberately contrived to Attacks on the press are perpetrated by undermine military strategy, demoralize our security forces and officials, and members troops, or even cause incitement to mutiny.” of the Islamist militant group Boko Haram. CPJ also covered a high-profile criminal case Reporters who cover Boko Haram told CPJ involving two journalists at the Leadership they are being watched. “Most of us know newspaper, Tony Amokeodo and Chibuzor that our phone lines are bugged by the Ukaibe. The case was launched in reprisal security agencies,” Daily Trust investigative for their critical reporting on President editor Nuruddeen Abdallah told CPJ in an Goodluck Jonathan’s political plans. The e-mail. “We are operating between the devil journalists were charged on 11 counts that and the deep blue sea.” could put them in prison for life.

Young girls pass a house destroyed by explosives detonated by suspected members of the Islamic militant group Boko Haram. Violence intensified this year despite attempts by the military to crush the rebellion.

PHOTOGRAPH BY BENEDICTE KURZEN/NOOR/Redux EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 13

The crackdown on free expression and Russia Tightens anti-foreign climate collide with Olympic Repression Ahead goals of peace and mutual respect

of Sochi Games Riot police face off with protestors in central Moscow on May 6, 2012, on the eve of the third inauguration of President In the year since Vladimir Putin which journalists’ physical safety is Vladimir Putin. The rally was forcibly dispersed by police, returned to the Russian presidency, threatened or dissent is silenced? and followed by a sustained crackdown on dissent. independent media, civil society In Russia, a crackdown on free groups, and opposition activists PHOTOGRAPH BY expression and a strong anti-foreign YURI KOZYREV/NOOR/REDUX have come under attack. A raft of new climate threaten to collide with the laws suppress dissent by limiting Olympic goals of peace and mutual public assembly, criminalizing respect, and the guarantees of media defamation, and authorizing state freedom to report on the Games. censorship of critical websites. Local human rights groups and In August, CPJ and Human Rights independent watchdogs that receive Watch issued a joint letter addressed funding from abroad are required to the six presidential candidates to brand themselves as “foreign of the International Olympics agents”—a term that in Committee to raise concerns about Russia connotes “spy.” Russia’s record and to ensure that future host countries fully comply CPJ launched a campaign to with human rights principles draw international attention enshrined in the Olympic Charter. to deteriorating press freedom The organizations received a conditions in Russia ahead of the response from IOC Director General 2014 Sochi Olympics. CPJ is stirring Christophe De Kepper, who invited a debate over the role of human rights us to submit specific cases in which and the free exchange of information media are prevented from reporting in granting and organizing a freely during the Games. prestigious international event like the Olympics. Does the International In September, our Russia Olympic Committee have an correspondent traveled to Sochi obligation to hold host governments to investigate local press freedom to account for repression, censorship, conditions. CPJ will continue to and human rights abuses? Can monitor media restrictions closely, host-city obligations to allow news and look for every opportunity to media the freedom to report on the hold Russia accountable for press Games be met in an environment in freedom violations. INTERNET COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 15

At a Frankfurt demonstration against government Unchecked surveillance surveillance, a protester holds up a sign parodying Shepard Fairey’s iconic “Hope” poster of by the U.S. threatens U.S. President Barack Obama. PHOTOGRAPH BY journalists everywhere KAI PFAFFENBACH/REUTERS

In October, CPJ issued its first “I wonder how comprehensive report on press freedom many have truly conditions in the U.S.: “The Obama understood the Administration and the Press: Leak investigations and surveillance in post-9/11 absolute threat America.” The report, written by Leonard to journalism Downie Jr., former executive editor of The Washington Post, documented the chilling implicit in the effect of unchecked surveillance in the idea of total U.S. and abroad. CPJ issued a series of surveillance” recommendations alongside the report and is pushing for reforms. Government surveillance of electronic “I wonder how many have truly understood communications “should be regarded the absolute threat to journalism implicit as a highly intrusive act that potentially in the idea of total surveillance,” wrote interferes with the rights to freedom of Alan Rusbridger, editor of The Guardian expression and privacy and threatens the and past winner of CPJ’s Burton Benjamin foundations of a democratic society,” Memorial Award for lifetime achievement warned a United Nations report issued this in the cause of press freedom. “We are not spring. Following revelations of widespread there yet, but it may not be long before it digital surveillance led by the United States will be impossible for journalists to have National Security Agency (NSA), these confidential sources.” words seemed a prescient rebuke. In September, CPJ expressed alarm over In June, The Guardian and The Washington reports by Der Spiegel that the NSA had Post began publishing a series of articles hacked into the internal communications of based on confidential information about the international news network Al-Jazeera. U.S. communications surveillance programs provided by former NSA contractor Edward CPJ is reaching out to journalists around the Snowden. CPJ joined an unprecedented world to raise awareness about the critical coalition of leading Internet companies and importance of digital security, a major focus civil liberties activists to press Washington of our Journalist Security Guide (available to be more open about its massive at cpj.org in English, Spanish, French, Arabic, surveillance programs. and Somali). JOURNALIST ASSISTANCE COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 17

Helping Journalists at Risk, in Syria and Beyond “I couldn’t tell the truth while I was in Syria” Fuad Abdel Aziz worked as a for urgent medical care for the reporter for the official Syrian journalist’s daughter. news agency SANA when the uprising began in his hometown CPJ created its Journalist of Deraa in March 2011. He says Assistance Program in 2001 to he fell under suspicion almost provide help to journalists whose immediately. SANA sent him to needs could not be addressed by report from Deraa, but twisted advocacy alone. We offer a range his dispatches to suit the official of support services, including narrative. “We were at the center emergency grants, case advocacy, of events, and at the center of the and referrals to vital services. Since disinformation that the Syrian the program was launched, CPJ regime was providing to the Syrian has offered direct aid to more than people,” Abdel Aziz said in an 1,000 journalists from 54 countries. interview. “I couldn’t tell the truth From Syria alone, more than 70 while I was in Syria.” journalists have fled since the Abdel Aziz was detained by conflict began—part of a much intelligence agents, and later asked larger refugee crisis. In September, by security personnel to spy on CPJ organized a summit meeting in behalf of the government. When he Istanbul to improve aid to Syrian refused, officials threatened to arrest journalists at risk. CPJ is working him or harm his family. Terrified, with partners to implement Abdel Aziz crossed into Jordan with proposed projects, including the his wife and five young children. creation of a network to coordinate emergency assistance; an online CPJ provided emergency aid to get resource center for Syrian Abdel Aziz to safety in France. We journalists and those covering the sent additional grants to pay for conflict; and joint advocacy on his family to join him there, and behalf of exiled journalists.

Reuters cameraman Ayman al-Sahili was filming along the front line in Aleppo, Syria, when he was shot by a pro-government sniper on December 31, 2012. The dangers of reporting in Syria multiplied this year, with many local journalists killed, wounded, or forced into exile.

PHOTOGRAPH BY AHMED JADALLAH/REUTERS JOURNALISTS KILLED COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 19

MORE THAN 1,000 JOURNALISTS CPJ 10 Deadliest Countries russia KILLED SINCE 1992 56 KILLED INVESTIGATES 1992 44 confirmed 11 unconfirmed EVERY 1993 56 confirmed 16 unconfirmed REPORT 1994 colombia 66 confirmed 18 unconfirmed OF A 45 KILLED iraq 1995 pakistan 151 KILLED 51 confirmed 10 unconfirmed JOURNALIST india 52 KILLED 1996 KILLED 30 KILLED 26 confirmed 8 unconfirmed philippines 1997 These records 73 KILLED 26 confirmed 9 unconfirmed GENDER provide the 1998 24 confirmed 13 unconfirmed basis for mexico 1999 28 KILLED syria 36 confirmed 17 unconfirmed action to 94% 50 KILLED male 2000 24 confirmed 21 unconfirmed secure justice Somalia 50 KILLED 2001 for slain algeria 37 confirmed 17 unconfirmed 60 KILLED colleagues 6% 2002 female 21 confirmed 14 unconfirmed

2003 ISSUES covered Type of death Impunity Local / International 42 confirmed 11 unconfirmed Complete 2004 5% 20% 15% 10% 17% 42% 2% 36% impunity 61 confirmed 14 unconfirmed 88% 88% Business corruption crime culture human politics sports war Partial justice LOCAL 2005 rights 7% 48 confirmed 11 unconfirmed 67% JOURNALISTS murder 5% FULL justice 2006 jobs of victims medium 57 confirmed 29 unconfirmed 12% murder SUSPECTS INTERNATIONAL 2007 JOURNALISTS 70 confirmed 22 unconfirmed Print 24% 29% 52% 20% 13% 23% 2% 5% 2008 reporter Broadcast print combat 42 confirmed 24 unconfirmed reporter Criminal Government Local Military THE VAST MAJORITY group Officials Residents Officials 2009 OF VICTIMS ARE LOCAL 74 confirmed 23 unconfirmed 16% 13% 9% 8% 29% television REPORTERS COVERING 2010 13% 2% 6% 30% 19% Editor Camera Columnist/ Photographer 44 confirmed 31 unconfirmed Operator Commentator dangerous ISSUES OF VITAL INTEREST TO 20% assignment Mob Paramilitary Political Unknown THEIR COMMUNITIES 2011 radio Violence Group Group 47 confirmed 34 unconfirmed 5% 4% 3% 2%

2012 Producer 73 confirmed 31 unconfirmed Publisher/ Internet Technician 8% Owner reporter internet 2013 AS OF 10/1/2013 38 confirmed 25 unconfirmed BEHIND THESE NUMBERS ARE COUNTLESS These infographics are based on CPJ data as of CPJ considers a death “confirmed” only if we are reasonably certain October 1, 2013. Statistical totals may add up to that a journalist was killed because of his or her work. When circumstances surrounding a death remain unclear, CPJ classifies more than 100 percent because more than one STORIES THAT MUST BE TOLD the case as “unconfirmed” and continues to investigate. category applies in some cases. IMPUNITY COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 21

Speaking Out to “Thank you for being with us in every Demand Justice for development, every victory, every setback” Journalists Killed

Our Campaign Against Impunity is This year CPJ helped secure a bringing the killers of journalists major gain in Mexico, with passage to justice. Working with partner of legislation giving the federal groups, we have made the issue of government jurisdiction over crimes impunity an international priority against free expression. and spurred prosecutors to action in emblematic cases. CPJ played an instrumental role in persuading the United Nations to In a milestone toward justice, this strengthen its response to the crisis. January, a Kiev court convicted In 2012, the UN adopted a Plan of a former high-ranking Ukrainian Action on the Safety of Journalists police official in the 2000 murder and the Issue of Impunity, which of journalist Georgy Gongadze. The draws extensively on CPJ research. 31-year-old editor was the first online In 2013, we saw an unprecedented journalist worldwide to be murdered Security Council session on the for his work. protection of journalists. Nearly 50 member states participated in the In May, CPJ celebrated a partial July session, many of them citing victory for justice when the man who CPJ reporting. Speakers included shot journalist Gerardo Ortega was Kathleen Carroll, executive editor of sentenced to life imprisonment in The Associated Press and CPJ Vice the Philippines. CPJ reported on the Chair, and Mustafa Haji Abdinur, a case extensively and provided aid to correspondent for Agence France- the Ortega family. “Thank you for Presse in Somalia and past winner of being with us in every development, CPJ’s International Press Freedom every victory, every setback,” Award. Our ability to place issues on Michaella Ortega, the journalist’s the international agenda has never daughter, wrote in a message to been greater. CPJ staff. “For not relenting in your support. For lending us your voices. Mourners gather at a memorial We would never have gotten this far rally at Kiev’s Independence Square without you.” in September to mark the 13th anniversary of the murder of Ukrainian journalist Georgy Gongadze. A former police officer was convicted in the case this year. However, other suspects remain at large.

PHOTOGRAPH BY SERGEI SUPINSKY/AFP/GETTY IMAGES Journalist Security COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 23

JOURNALISTS FACE MOUNTING RISKS WHILE PHOTOGRAPHS BY IVOR PRICKETT / PANOS COVERING PROTESTS Covering civil unrest is among the most “The demand and price of gas masks, dangerous assignments any reporter can protective eyewear, and helmets rocketed in take on. This year alone, CPJ documented Istanbul,” he wrote for the CPJ blog. “Hardware more than 125 attacks on journalists covering store clerks were quick studies, explaining to protests—including assaults, obstruction, journalists which masks offer you a better line detention, raids, threats, censorship orders, of sight when taking pictures, and describing and confiscation or destruction of equipment. the problem of speaking through a mask when From the streets of Brazil to Egypt to Turkey, broadcasting live.” journalists took on tremendous risks to bring eyewitness accounts of massive In Turkey, police were responsible for most demonstrations and the often violent attempts of the attacks against journalists documented to suppress them. by CPJ, including numerous beatings and detentions. But angry protesters also attacked CPJ’s Istanbul correspondent Özgür Ögret journalists whose reporting they perceived as described the surreal atmosphere in his supportive of the state. News vehicles were cosmopolitan city as police used tear gas and tagged with graffiti, pushed over, and in some water cannons to break up the demonstrations. cases destroyed by crowds. Journalist Security COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 25

CPJ’s Journalist Security Guide - available at cpj.org in English, French, Spanish, Arabic, and Somali - provides practical advice on how to stay safe while covering protests and other civil disturbances. 2013 AWARDS COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 27

CPJ is proud to honor these courageous journalists with the 2013 International Press Freedom Awards. They have pursued important stories in defiance of threats, assault, censorship, and imprisonment. Through their outstanding work, they are pushing the frontiers of press freedom.

Nguyen Van Hai Janet Hinostroza Nedim Şener Bassem Youssef Vietnam Ecuador Turkey Egypt Hai was honored by CPJ in absentia, as A leading television reporter and host in her An investigative journalist and author As a window for free expression opened he served out a long prison sentence for native Ecuador, Hinostroza has investigated of several books, Sener has won with the Egyptian revolution in 2011, blogging about politically sensitive issues. human and arms trafficking, police abuses, international accolades for his reporting. cardiac surgeon Bassem Youssef began He is widely known for his blog Dieu Cay and extrajudicial killings. Her work made Yet he is accused of being a terrorist by dissecting his society with a satirical (Peasant’s Pipe), and as founder of the Free her a prime target in the government’s his government, which alleges that Sener newscast, “The B+ Show,” produced in his Journalists Club of Vietnam. Hai was first ongoing assault on free expression. In 2012, used his journalism to aid an anti-state living room and posted on YouTube. The arrested in 2008 and later sentenced to two Hinostroza was forced to take a leave of plot. Sener was detained for a year, and show went viral, earning Youssef a spot on and a half years in prison on trumped-up absence from her morning news program granted conditional release in March 2012 the airwaves as the host of “Al Bernameg” charges. After completing his first prison “La Mañana de 24 Horas,” broadcast by to be tried without arrest. If convicted, (The Program), now aired by Capital term, he remained in detention while the private Ecuadoran television channel he faces up to 15 years in prison under Broadcast Center (CBC). The show has authorities investigated new anti-state Teleamazonas, following anonymous Turkey’s deeply flawed anti-terror law. more than 40 million viewers. Youssef charges related to his online journalism. phone calls threatening her safety. She had Turkey ranks among the world’s leading has been adept at pushing the limits on In 2012, he was sentenced to 12 years in recently investigated a scandal involving jailers of journalists, according to CPJ freedom of speech in a volatile political prison and five years of house arrest for a businessman connected to a cousin research. Sener has faced down the threat environment. Earlier this year he faced “conducting propaganda” against the state. of President Rafael Correa. Since 2011, of imprisonment before, when he was charges of “insulting the president” and He has endured solitary confinement and Hinostroza’s show had been frequently prosecuted in reprisal for his reporting “reporting false news” for his scathing waged a hunger strike. Family members pre-empted to transmit official speeches and on the murder of Turkish-Armenian commentary and skits. Egyptians are report that Hai suffers from poor health rebuttals, known as cadenas. This year, Correa journalist Hrant Dink. He was acquitted in famous for their sense of humor—their and was barely recognizable during a requested that prosecutors investigate June 2010, only to be imprisoned again on government officials less so. prison visit this year. Teleamazonas for its alleged links to a 2010 new charges less than a year later. police rebellion.

PHOTOGRAPHS BY (L-R): Free Journalists Network of Vietnam, Sebastián Oquendo, AP, Coucla Refaat 2012 SUPPORTERS COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 29

The Committee to Protect Journalists is extremely grateful to the individuals, Michael Hirschhorn & Jimena Martinez Michael Milczarek Jonathan Salant James F. Hoge Janice Min Diane Sawyer corporations, and foundations whose generosity makes our work possible. HSBC North America Calvin Mitchell William Schmidt We also extend our gratitude to the many contributors who supported CPJ Arianna Huffington The Leo Model Foundation Howard Schreier Kathleen E. Hunt Monocle Najam M. Sethi with gifts under $500, not listed here due to space limitations. This list includes Gwen Ifill Ann L. Morfogen Neal & Juju Shapiro ILEAD Walt S. Mossberg Joan & James Shapiro Foundation donors who made gifts during the period from January 1 to December 31, 2012. The Inner Circle N.S. Bienstock, Inc. Stephen Shepard Shafqat Islam Adi Narayan Vernon Silver The Abernathy MacGregor Group Brunswick Group LLC Jeremy Feigelson Steven & Barbara Isenberg Victor & Anne Navasky Joel Simon & Ingrid Abramovitch Adessium Foundation Victoria Bumstead Esther Fein Italian Foreign Press Association NBC News Randi Singer Steve Adler Andrew L. Butters Ken Feinberg Janklow Foundation Martha Nelson Harry Smith Advance Publications Stephen A. Capus Fidelity Charitable Gift Fund Kristin Jensen The New York Times Company Susan Snyder Alcoa Carnegie Corporation of New York Financial Times R. Larry Jinks The New Yorker Sony Corporation of America Foundation Andy Alexander & Beverly Jones John & Lee Carroll Robert Flug Michael Jones Samuel I. Newhouse Foundation Oliver Staley Al-Jazeera Kathleen Carroll & Steve Twomey The Ford Foundation JP Morgan Chase Newhouse Newspapers The Starr Foundation Allen & Company Incorporated Central Valley Foundation Ford Motor Company Stuart Karle Craig Newman Paul E. Steiger & Wendy Brandes Franz & Marcia Allina Rajiv Chandrasekaran Fox News Andrew Katell Newmark Grubb Knight Frank Matthew Stover Christiane Amanpour Adriana Chiarini Thomas L. Frank Alan Katz News Corporation Straus & Boies, LLP American Express Company Chris & Mary Christoff Max Frankel & Joyce Purnick Kerby-Potter Fund The Nieman Foundation for The Street, Inc. Americas Business Council Howard Chua-Eoan James Frederick Donald Kimelman Journalism at Harvard Tampa Bay Times David Andelman & Pamela Title Citi Josh Friedman & Carol Ash KIND Bar Joseph Nocera & Dawn Schneider Paul & Karyn Krayer Tash Andrews McMeel Publishing CNBC, Inc. Jason Gale Jonathan & Debbie Klein Oak Foundation Televisa Argus Media Inc. / Petroleum Argus CNN Stephen J. Geimann John S. & James L. Knight Foundation Jonathan W. Oatis Thomson Reuters David Asman Sandra Coliver Paul Germain Reed Krakoff Theodore B. Olson Time Inc. The Associated Press Mark Colodny Getty Images Jane Kramer & Vincent Crapanzano Open Society Foundations Time Inc. Time to Give Back Campaign Mary Athridge Ronald & Roberta Columbus Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher Foundation Mhamed Krichen William A. Orme & Deborah Sontag Time Warner Inc. Ken Auletta & Amanda Urban Community Counseling Service Co. Robert & Nancy Giles The LaFetra Foundation Maureen A. Orth Richard J. Tofel Charles Babcock Condé Nast Publications Inc. Felix Gillette Thomas & Carolyn Langfitt The Nicholas B. Ottaway Foundation Seymour Topping Barclays Capital Ann K. Cooper & Larry Heinzerling Richard Gingras Family Foundation The Overbrook Foundation Univision Barsky Family Foundation Sheila Coronel Brooke Gladstone David & Esther Laventhol David Pakman Lucas van Praag BBC The Correspondents Fund Daniel Golden Sarah Le Sueur John Paton & Aurora Wallace Tony van Vuuren Amanda Bennett David Corvo The Goldhirsh Foundation Stuart Leavenworth & Micaela Massimino Norman Pearlstine & Jane Boon Viacom Inc. Krishna Bharat Robert & Hannah Cox Goldman Sachs & Co. Barbara Lehman Mahsa Pelosky Kenneth M. Vittor Robin Bierstedt Euan Craik James & Toni Goodale The Leon Levy Foundation Matt Perault The Svetlana & Herbert M. Mary Billard & Barry Cooper Credit Suisse Google, Inc. Simon & Theresa Li Stone Phillips Wachtell Foundation Molly C. Bingham Crowell & Moring LLP Cheryl A. Gould Martin Linsky & Lynn Staley Robert S. Pirie Richard C. Wald Matthew Bishop Antony Currie Donald E. Graham Judson Linville Erwin & Silvia Potts Peter Waldman The Blackstone Group Debevoise & Plimpton The Green Street Foundation Steve & Amy Lipin John Powers The Washington Post The Morton K. & Jane Blaustein Foundation Kevin J. Delaney & Lisbeth Shepherd Greenberg Traurig, LLP Jane K. Lombard Prudential Financial Maria J. Wawer The Herb Block Foundation Deloitte & Touche Reto Gregori John R. MacArthur Pulsepoint, Inc. Weil, Gotshal & Manges Jonathan Bloom Katrina Dewey Brian Gruley Robert MacNeil Dan & Jean Rather John D. Weis Michael R. Bloomberg Patrick Dolan The Guardian Brian Maddox Rattner Family Foundation Jacob Weisberg & Deborah Needleman Bloomberg LP Jonathan R. Donnellan Jeffrey Gural Madigan Family Foundation R. Bruce Rich David Westphal Louis D. Boccardi Dow Chemical The Marc Haas Foundation Benjamin Marks RLM Finsbury Sarah Wheaton Jonathan Boies Dow Jones Company Larry Hackett Kati Marton Gene & Susan Roberts Mark Whitaker & Alexis Gelber David & Mary McInnis Boies Dow Jones Foundation Ian Hague Camille Massey Lawrence Roberts & Nancy Walz Brian Williams Boies, Schiller & Flexner Bill Duker Keith Hammonds Marjorie Massing Phil Robinson Matthew & Lisa Winkler David & Katherine Bradley Stanley Eisenberg Laurie Hays & Fen Montaigne MasterCard Royal Kennedy Rodgers Jonathan Wolman Marcus W. Brauchli Richard & Gail Elden HBO The McClatchy Company David Rohde Minky Worden & Gordon Crovitz Bridgewood Fieldwater Foundation Ben Elgin Drue Heinz David E. McCraw Auro Roselli Abi Wright The Brin Wojcicki Foundation Stephen Engelberg Sharon Held Amy McDonagh & Philip Kuntz Peter Rosenthal Laurence Zuckerman & Alice Gottesman Louis & Karen Briskman Galienne Eriksen Cherie Henderson & David Poppe The Melrose Fund Joseph Rospars Mortimer B. Zuckerman Ernest & Ruth Brod Joni Evans Richard Hetherington Andy R. Metzger Richard M. Roth Anonymous (7) Tom Brokaw T. Robert & Geraldine Fabrikant Metz Peter Heydon MGG Foundation Gerard & Sandra M. Rowe Jeffrey Brown Elizabeth F. Farnsworth Les Hinton Microsoft Corporation Cristine Russell FINANCIAL REPORT COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 31

Statement of FINANCIAL POSITION AS OF December 31, 2012 Statement of Functional Expenses for the year ended December 31, 2012 (with comparative totals for December 31, 2011) (with comparative totals for the year ended December 31, 2011)

ASSETS 12/31/12 12/31/11 Program management fundraising TOTAL EXPENSES TOTAL EXPENSES Nearly three-quarters of every services and general 12/31/12 12/31/11 dollar spent by CPJ goes directly CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS $ 1,244,919 $ 1,705,173 to program activities SALARIES $ 1,419,619 $ 214,626 $ 293,121 $ 1,927,366 $ 1,804,029

CASH - RESTRICTED - 86,343 73% PAYROLL TAXES & BENEFITS 329,709 34,273 70,618 434,600 398,633 PLEDGES RECEIVABLE, NET 2,124,034 3,083,393 12% Program Services PROFESSIONAL FEES 685,428 140,406 94,657 920,491 233,732 PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER RECEIVABLE 22,324 28,943 Management & OCCUPANCY 286,306 10,472 60,613 357,391 347,147 General INVESTMENTS 11,532,569 10,377,118 TRAVEL 245,955 7,607 48,461 302,023 158,208

FIXED ASSETS (net of accumulated depreciation) 135,815 64,969 PROGRAM EXPENSES - - - - 664,916

SECURITY DEPOSIT 81,567 81,567 GRANTS 122,674 - - 122,674 -

TOTAL ASSETS $ 15,141,228 $ 15,427,506 BOARD EXPENSES - - - - 6,109

OFFICE SUPPLIES & MAINTENANCE 35,938 1,705 10,931 48,574 41,335

LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS TELEPHONE & INTERNET 36,159 3,442 5,549 45,150 33,126 LIABILITIES 15% PUBLICATIONS, PRINTING & POSTAGE 54,996 104 30,759 85,859 43,314 ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED EXPENSES $ 400,964 $ 180,454 FUNDRAISING INSURANCE 21,174 774 4,483 26,431 20,062

DEFERRED RENT 275,733 294,638 DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION 21,847 2,682 4,625 29,154 11,393

TOTAL LIABILITIES 676,697 475,092 INDIRECT BENEFIT EXPENSE - - - - 162,135

NET ASSETS BAD DEBT EXPENSE - 75,826 - 75,826 143,423

UNRESTRICTED 678,940 627,577 MISCELLANEOUS 24,550 24,067 47,550 96,167 18,528

TEMPORARILY RESTRICTED 4,285,591 4,824,837 TOTAL $ 3,284,355 $ 515,984 $ 671,367 $ 4,471,706 $ 4,086,090

PERMANENTLY RESTRICTED 9,500,000 9,500,000

TOTAL NET ASSETS 14,464,531 14,952,414

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND NET ASSETS $ 15,141,228 $ 15,427,506

Complete audited financial statements, including auditors’ notes, are available at our website, cpj.org BOARD AND STAFF

Committee to Protect Journalists BOARD

CHAIRMAN Anne Garrels Victor Navasky ADVISORY BOARD Sandra Mims Rowe THE NATION James C. Goodale Tom Brokaw VICE CHAIR DEBEVOISE & PLIMPTON Clarence Page NBC NEWS Kathleen Carroll CHICAGO TRIBUNE THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Cheryl Gould Gwen Ifill NBC NEWS Norman Pearlstine PBS HONORARY CHAIRMAN Time Inc. Terry Anderson Arianna Huffington Steven L. Isenberg AOL HUFFINGTON POST Ahmed Rashid EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR MEDIA GROUP David Marash Joel Simon Gene Roberts Charlayne Hunter-Gault UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND Charles L. Overby DIRECTORS PHILIP MERRILL COLLEGE THE FREEDOM FORUM Jonathan Klein OF JOURNALISM Stephen J. Adler GETTY IMAGES Erwin Potts THOMSON REUTERS María Teresa Ronderos Jane Kramer SEMANA.COM Dan Rather Andrew Alexander THE NEW YORKER HDNET Diane Sawyer Franz Allina Mhamed Krichen ABC NEWS John Seigenthaler AL-JAZEERA THE FREEDOM FORUM Christiane Amanpour David Schlesinger FIRST AMENDMENT CENTER ABC NEWS David Laventhol CNN INTERNATIONAL Paul C. Tash Paul E. Steiger Lara Logan TAMPA BAY TIMES PROPUBLICA John S. Carroll CBS NEWS Jacob Weisberg Rajiv Chandrasekaran Rebecca MacKinnon THE SLATE GROUP THE WASHINGTON POST Kati Marton Mark Whitaker Sheila Coronel COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY Michael Massing Brian Williams GRADUATE SCHOOL OF JOURNALISM NBC NEWS Geraldine Fabrikant Metz Josh Friedman THE NEW YORK TIMES Matthew Winkler COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY BLOOMBERG NEWS GRADUATE SCHOOL OF JOURNALISM

Committee to Protect Journalists STAFF & CONTRIBUTORS

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR INTERNET ADVOCACY SENIOR AMERICAS RUSSIA CORRESPONDENT Joel Simon COORDINATOR PROGRAM COORDINATOR Elena Milashina Geoffrey King Carlos Lauría CPJ would like to thank the following individuals and organizations for their generous in-kind contributions: DEPUTY DIRECTOR TURKEY CORRESPONDENT Robert Mahoney SENIOR ADVISER AMERICAS RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Özgür Ögret Jean-Paul Marthoz Sara Rafsky DANIEL BEREHULAK DIRECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA & OUTREACH SENIOR ADVISER MEXICO REPRESENTATIVE PROGRAM COORDINATOR AHMED JADALLAH John Weis JOURNALIST SECURITY Mike O’Connor Sherif Mansour Frank Smyth YURI KOZYREV DIRECTOR OF FINANCE ANDES CORRESPONDENT MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA BENEDICTE KURZEN & ADMINISTRATION PROGRAM COORDINATOR John Otis RESEARCH ASSOCIATE Sue Marcoux JOURNALIST ASSISTANCE Jason Stern GÜRCAN ÖZTÜRK & IMPUNITY CAMPAIGN BRAZIL CORRESPONDENT SCOTT PETERSON SENIOR PROGRAM OFFICER María Salazar-Ferro Claudia Duarte MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA Kavita Menon REPRESENTATIVE KAI PFAFFENBACH JOURNALIST ASSISTANCE ASIA PROGRAM COORDINATOR Shaimaa Abulkhair SENIOR EDITOR ASSOCIATE Bob Dietz JOÃO PINA Elana Beiser Nicole Schilit PROGRAM ADMINISTRATOR IVOR PRICKETT ASIA PROGRAM Livia Rurarz-Huygens DEPUTY EDITOR FOR NEWS IMPUNITY CAMPAIGN CONSULTANT RESEARCH ASSOCIATE MOISES SAMAN Shazdeh Omari Elisabeth Witchel Sumit Galhotra BUSINESS & ACCOUNTING MANAGER Margaret Abam-DePass SERGEI SUPINSKY DEPUTY EDITOR FOR INNOVATION AFRICA PROGRAM COORDINATOR SENIOR SOUTHEAST Kamal Singh Masuta Sue Valentine ASIA REPRESENTATIVE OFFICE ASSISTANT & Shawn W. Crispin TECHNOLOGY MANAGER ADVOCACY & AFRICA ADVOCACY COORDINATOR Mehdi Rahmati COMMUNICATIONS OFFICER Mohamed Keita EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA Magnus Ag PROGRAM COORDINATOR DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANT EAST AFRICA REPRESENTATIVE Nina Ognianova & BOARD LIAISON CPJ ANNUAL REPORT 2013 COMMUNICATIONS ASSOCIATE Tom Rhodes Karlene King Executive Editor Kavita Menon Design Director Damiano Design Samantha Libby EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA Photo Director Marion Durand Copy Editor Natalie Reitano WEST AFRICA CORRESPONDENT RESEARCH ASSOCIATE STEIGER FELLOW Peter Nkanga Muzaffar Suleymanov Daniel DeFraia JOIN US IN DEFENDING JOURNALISTS WORLDWIDE

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A photographer walks past Turkish riot police during clashes in Istanbul in September. Police fired tear gas and plastic bullets to disperse the crowds, while protesters used fireworks. Photo credits goes here COVER PHOTOGRAPH BY GÜRCAN ÖZTÜRK/AFP/GETTY IMAGES