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ANNUAL REPORT 2013 CPJ.ORG COMMITTEETOPROTECTJOURNALISTS @PRESSFREEDOM COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 1 ANNUAL REPORT 2013 THERE HAS NEVER BEEN A MORE DANGEROUS TIME FOR JOURNALISTS, WITH RECORD NUMBERS KILLED AND IMPRISONED AROUND THE WORLD. NEW TECHNOLOGIES ENABLE CENSORSHIP AND SURVEILLANCE ON AN UNPRECEDENTED SCALE—EVEN AS THEY EMPOWER EXPONENTIALLY MORE PEOPLE TO COMMIT ACTS OF JOURNALISM. Syria provides a stark example of the new challenges, with 52 journalists killed for their reporting on the conflict to date. Ninety percent of those journalists were locals, including large numbers of citizen journalists. More than 70 Syrian journalists have been forced into exile since the conflict began in 2011. In September, I joined an emergency meeting in Istanbul convened by CPJ to improve aid to Syrian journalists. Local journalists in Syria are literally serving as the eyes and ears of the world, yet feel largely abandoned by the international community. We are leading a joint initiative to support journalists at risk and share practical advice, including on security issues. We also confronted an evolving crisis in Turkey, the world’s leading jailer of journalists in 2012. This year, things got even worse as journalists covering anti- government protests became frequent targets of police abuse. Dozens of journalists were fired or forced to resign for their critical reporting. CPJ drew international attention to the crackdown and raised the political costs of repression. Our advocacy contributed to the release of at least 10 journalists this year. In October, CPJ issued its first-ever comprehensive report on the state of press freedom in the United States. The report examines the impact of the U.S. administration’s aggressive war on leaks and widespread surveillance. Leading journalists described to us a pervasive chilling effect on reporters and their sources. We are hearing from international colleagues about the far-reaching implications of these actions—especially for journalists working in closed societies who had looked to the U.S. as a model for upholding freedom of the press. We all have a stake in ensuring that freedom of expression is broadly defended and preserved, the world over. Thanks to all of you who have supported us over the years. We hope that many more of you will join us in the fight to defend brave journalists and keep the information space open for all. Sincerely, A photographer stands on a vehicle to capture a massive demonstration in Istanbul on June 8, as nationwide protests gather force. Unrest began in late May over plans to cut down trees in Istanbul’s Gezi Park, and eventually grew to include wider demands for freedom of assembly and freedom of expression. Joel Simon PHOTOGRAPH BY SCOTT PETERSON/GETTY IMAGES Executive Director 2013: A YEAR OF IMPACT COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 3 CPJ PROMOTES PRESS FREEDOM WORLDWIDE AND DEFENDS THE RIGHT OF JOURNALISTS TO REPORT THE NEWS WITHOUT FEAR OF REPRISAL. CPJ ENSURES THE FREE FLOW OF NEWS AND COMMENTARY BY TAKING ACTION WHEREVER JOURNALISTS ARE ATTACKED, IMPRISONED, KILLED, KIDNAPPED, THREATENED, CENSORED, OR HARASSED. SYRIA RUSSIA CPJ IS WORKING WITH PARTNERS TO CPJ LAUNCHED A CAMPAIGN TO BRING IMPROVE AID TO SYRIAN JOURNALISTS AMID INTERNATIONAL ATTENTION TO AN ESCALATING REFUGEE CRISIS. DOZENS DETERIORATING PRESS FREEDOM OF JOURNALISTS HAVE FLED THE COUNTRY CONDITIONS IN RUSSIA AHEAD OF THE SINCE THE CONFLICT BEGAN. (P. 17) 2014 SOCHI OLYMPICS. (P. 13) UNITED STATES IRAN OBAMA AND THE PRESS – CPJ’S FIRST EVER IN-DEPTH REPORT ON THE U.S. – EXAMINES IRAN'S JOURNALISTS ARE IN CHAINS, THE CHILLING EFFECT OF AGGRESSIVE DECLARED OUR REPORT ISSUED ON THE LEAK INVESTIGATIONS AND WIDESPREAD EVE OF THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION. CPJ SURVEILLANCE. (P. 15) IS CALLING FOR THE RELEASE OF ALL CHINA IMPRISONED JOURNALISTS. OUR REPORT ON THE SHIFTING DYNAMICS OF CENSORSHIP AND CONTROL JUMPED THE GREAT FIREWALL AND IS BEING AFGHANISTAN CIRCULATED AMONG CHINESE JOURNALISTS AND INTELLECTUALS. A CPJ MISSION TO THE COUNTRY FOUND AFGHAN JOURNALISTS BANDING TOGETHER TO DEFEND THEIR RIGHTS IN EGYPT THE FACE OF ONGOING THREATS, AND IN ANTICIPATION OF NEW DANGERS. (P. 7) OUR REPORT ON THE DIVIDE CHRONICLES THE STRUGGLE FOR PRESS FREEDOM AS JOURNALISTS FACE CHALLENGES RANGING FROM LEGAL INTIMIDATION TO CENSORSHIP TO PHYSICAL ASSAULT. (P. 9) BRAZIL NIGERIA A CPJ ADVOCACY MISSION DREW GOVERNMENT ATTENTION TO A WAVE OF CPJ REPORTS ON WORRYING TRENDS IN BURMA DEADLY VIOLENCE AGAINST THE MEDIA NIGERIA, WHICH ENTERED OUR ANNUAL AND PROVIDED MUCH NEEDED SUPPORT IMPUNITY INDEX OF COUNTRIES WITH THE PAKISTAN A CPJ REPORT FINDS THAT BURMA TO LOCAL JOURNALISTS AT RISK. (P. 5) WORST RECORDS FOR PROSECUTING FALTERS ON PRESS FREEDOM, DESPITE JOURNALIST MURDERS. (P. 11) A REPORT ON THE ROOTS OF IMPUNITY SIGNIFICANT STEPS TOWARD GREATER INVESTIGATES WHY VIOLENCE AGAINST THE OPENNESS. WE ARE CALLING FOR THE PRESS GOES UNPUNISHED IN ONE OF THE REFORM OF RESTRICTIVE MEDIA LAWS. DEADLIEST COUNTRIES FOR JOURNALISTS. ANNUAL REPORT 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS AMERICAS PROGRAM: BRAZIL 5 TANZANIA ASIA PROGRAM: AFGHANISTAN 7 MIDDLE EAST & NORTH AFRICA PROGRAM: EGYPT 9 CPJ IS WORKING TO EXPOSE THE INVISIBLE AFRICA PROGRAM: NIGERIA 11 PLIGHT OF THE TANZANIAN PRESS, AS A EUROPE & CENTRAL ASIA PROGRAM: RUSSIA 13 SPIKE IN ATTACKS AGAINST JOURNALISTS UNDERMINES THE COUNTRY’S REPUTATION INTERNET ADVOCACY 15 FOR TRANSPARENCY. JOURNALIST ASSISTANCE 17 JOURNALISTS KILLED 1992-2013 19 CAMPAIGN AGAINST IMPUNITY 21 JOURNALIST SECURITY 23 INTERNATIONAL PRESS FREEDOM AWARDS 27 SUPPORTERS 29 CPJ HAS ITS HEADQUARTERS IN NEW YORK CITY AND CONTRIBUTORS IN: FINANCIAL REPORT 31 WASHINGTON D.C., SAN FRANCISCO, MEXICO CITY, BOGOTA, SÃO PAULO, ABUJA, NAIROBI, CPJ BOARD AND STAFF 32 CAPE TOWN, LONDON, BRUSSELS, ISTANBUL, MOSCOW, BANGKOK, HONG KONG THE AMERICAS COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 5 Brazilians march through São Paulo amid massive nationwide demonstrations in June. The protests VIOLENCE AGAINST were sparked by bus and subway fare hikes, but evolved into a broader expression of discontent. Journalists were attacked by military police JOURNALISTS SPIKES as well as by protesters. PHOTOGRAPH BY IN BRAZIL JOÃO PINA/REDUX Brazilian journalist Mauri König won international attention, including an award “I went to THE LIMIT from CPJ, for his reporting on organized OF my POSSIBILITIES IN crime and corruption. Back home in the SEARCH OF THE TRUTH southern city of Curitiba, König’s work won him powerful enemies among local IN which I BELIEVE” police who were among those accused of wrongdoing. After receiving death threats, Our advocacy helped secure government the journalist went into hiding with his pledges to protect press freedom at home wife and 3-year-old son, and called CPJ. We and abroad. In meetings with CPJ, Brazilian worked with IPYS, a Lima-based press group, officials pledged to support the embattled to get König out of the country. Inter-American human rights system and the UN action plan on impunity. This year, we “I have always been convinced that welcomed a conviction in the 2010 murder journalism is an instrument that transforms of Brazilian radio journalist and blogger people and realities,” König wrote in an Francisco Gomes de Medeiros. We urged anguished blog for CPJ. “I went to the limit authorities to bring to justice all those of my possibilities in search of the truth in responsible for the journalist’s murder and which I believe.” address mounting violence against the press. König chose to return home, despite ongoing In June, CPJ documented the cases of 25 threats. In March, CPJ carried out a mission journalists attacked or detained amid to Brazil to stand with König and other massive protests that swept Brazil. journalists at risk. Brazil is among the most Journalists were targeted by military police, dangerous countries in the Americas for as well as by protesters angered by media journalists. Ten journalists have been killed coverage. We called on all sides to respect over the past two years. Provincial journalists the crucial role of journalists in covering and bloggers face the greatest risks. events of tremendous public interest. ASIA COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ANNUAL REPORT 2013 | 7 AFGHAN JOURNALISTS “THIS society HAS grown ENOUGH not to SEE ALL THESE GAINS vanish overnight” STAND STRONG DESPITE GROWING THREATS Afghanistan’s booming news media Afghans who worked for U.S. are among the country’s success media companies. stories—evidence of the social and political changes since the end Many reporters said they were of Taliban rule. However, Afghan committed to stay, and local journalists still face tremendous journalists are increasingly banding pressures from all sides, including together to defend their rights. We the government, security forces, welcomed the establishment of the militant groups, and regional and Afghanistan Journalists Federation, ethnic powerbrokers. an umbrella organization of nine media and free expression groups. The risks are likely to multiply During a visit to the AJF office during a volatile transition period, in Kabul, we met with journalist as the country prepares for national Abdolrahman Sakhizadeh, who was elections in April 2014 and the imprisoned on libel charges for planned drawdown of most NATO exposing abuses in the High Office troops by the end of that year. The for Oversight and Anti-Corruption. international community is expected Asked about his two weeks locked to scale down aid, including