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Geology of the Killi K-I Tkilli K Region Alaska

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Geology of the Killi k-I tkilli k Region Alaska By WILLIAM W. PATTON, JR., and IRVIN L. TAILLEUR EXPLORATION OF NAVAL PETROLEUM RESERVE NO. 4 AND ADJACENT AREAS, NORTHERN ALASKA, 1944-53 PART 3, AREAL GEOLOGY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 303-G Prepared and published at the reguest of and in cooperation with the U.S. Department of the Navy, OJce of Naval Petroleum and Oil Shale Reserves UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1964 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR STEWART L. UDALL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Thomas B. Nolan, Director The U.S. Geological Survey Library hne cataloged this publication as follows: Patton, William Wallace, 1923- Geology of the Killik-Itkillik region, Alaska, by William W. Patton, Jr., and Irvin L. Tailleur. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1964. iv, 409-500 p. illus., maps (1 col.) diagrs., profiles, tables. 29 em. (U.S. Geological Survey. Professional paper 303-G) Exploration of Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 4 and adjacent areas, northern Alaska, 194453. Part 3, Areal geology. Part of illustrative matter fold. in pocket. Prepared and published at the request of and in cooperation wikh (Continued on next card) Patton, William Wallace, 1923- Geology of the Killik- Itkillik region, Alaska. 1964. (Card 2) the U.S. Dept. of the Navy, Office of Naval Petroleum and Oil Shale Reserves. Bibliography : p. 497-498. 1. Geology-Alaska-Killik-Itkillik region. I. Tailleur, Irvin Lor- raine, 1924- joint author. 11. U.S. Oface of Naval Petroleum and Oil Shale Reserves. (Series) For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Prin:ing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 CONTENTS Page Page Abtract------------------------------------------- 409 Sedimentary rocks-Continued Introducti~n--------------------------------------- 410 Quaternary deposits ------- ----- ----- -- --- ----- -- General------------__---------------------------- 410 Upland gravels- ------ ----- - - -- ------ --- --- - Location and size of area- - - - - ----- --- -- - --- --- -- 411 Glacial deposits .............................. Accessibility and transportation- - - - ----- ------- -- 411 Flood-plain deposits ------- - --- _--------- ----- Objectives---------_---------------------------- 411 Mapping methods- - - - .......................... 411 Previous investigations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 412 Present investigations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 412 Acknowledgments ----- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 413 Geography- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 413 Microscopic--------__-----------__-_------------ Physiography - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - 413 Plagioclase-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Regional setting ............................ 413 Augite--------------_-_------------------ Killik-Itkillik region ----- --- - ----- - - - ----- --- 414 Other pyrogenetic minerals ----- -- -- ---- - - Brooks Range belt of Paleozoic strata- - - - - 414 Opaque minerals ---- -- ---- ---------- - -- - Foothills belt of complexly deformed upper Deuteric and secondary minerals ---------- Paleozoic and Mesozoic strata---- - ---- - Clastic rocks------------------------------- Foothills belt of the Fortress Mountain Age------------------------------------------- Formation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Structural geology - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Lowland belt of the Torok Formation- - - - - _ Geologic map and cross sections- - ---------------- Foothills belt of the Nanushuk Group- - - - - - Regional setting-- .............................. Drains@---_---------------------------------- Structural zone I- - - ............................ Vegetation- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Structural zone 11- - - - -------------- ------------ Sedimentaryr~cks---------------------------------- Structural zone I11 .............................. General features. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Structural zone IV.............................. Missrss~pp~an.. rocks ---- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Structural zone V............................... Lisburne Group ------- --- -- ------ -- -- ------- Interpretation of subsurface structure- -- ---------- Permian(?) rocks - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Structural zone IV ---,---------------------- Siksikpuk Formation-- -- -- --- -- --- --- -- -- -- - Structural zones 1-111 ------------------- ---- Triassic rocks - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - Evidence of thrust faulting in mapped area- Shublik Formation ---------- - -- --- -- --- --- - - Lisburne Group along sole of thrust faults- Jurassic rocks---------------------------------- Geologic history - - -,------- - ------ -- -- - - -- - -- - -- -- -- Tiglukpuk Formation- - ..................... Mississippian to Triassic--.. ------- --------------- Tuffaceous graywacke unit and correlative(?) Significant.. detail--------------------------- . rocks------------------------------------ Miss~ss~ppian---- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Tuffaceous graywacke unit- - - --- --- ----- - Pennsylvanian- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - Correlative (?) rocks- - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - Permian(?)----------------------------- Age - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Permian to Triassic ..................... Cretaceous rocks ............................... Triassic-- -- - - - - - - - - ,- - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - Okpikruak Formation- - --- - -- - - -- - -- -- - ----- Triassic to Jurassic ------ - - - --- _------ - - - - Fortress Mountain Formation ---------------- Jurassic and Cretaceous- - - ------------------ ---- Torok Formation- .......................... Significant details--- - --- - -- - - -- - --- --- - - - - -- Nanushuk Group ........................... Late Jurassic (Oxfordian-Kimmeridgian- Tuktu Formation ........................... Portlandian) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Chandler Formation, Killik Tongue ----------- Latest Jurassic (Portlandian) ------------- Ninuluk Formation- - - -- - - ---- --- - -- - ------ - Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous --------- Heavy minerals ................................. Early Cretaceous (Neocomian) - ---------- Tiglukpuk and Okpikruak Formations---- --- - _ Early Cretaceous (Neocomian to Albian) - - Early Cretaceous (early Albian) ---------- Fortress Mountain Formation- _ - - -- ---- --- _- - Early Cretaceous (early Albian to middle Torok Formation and Nanushuk Group- ---- _ - Albian) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Heavy minerals as stratigraphic indices-- - - - - - - Early and Late Cretaceous (middle Albian Interpretations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - to late Cenomanian) - - -_------------.- Suggestions for additional study- - - - -- --- ---- - Late Cretaceous (post-late Cenomanian)--- 111 TV CONTENTS Geologic history-Continued page Economic geology-Continued Tertiary,-------------------------------------- 495 Petroleum-Continued Quaternary------------------------------------ 4 95 Structure-Continued Page Economic geology ................................... 496 Structural zone IV ...................... 496 Petroleum------------------------------------- 496 Structural zone 1-111 .................... 497 Source rocks------------------------------- 496 Phosphate rock--------------------------------- 497 Reservoir characteristics..................... 496 Coal------------------------------------ 497 Structure- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 496 References cited ................................... 497 Structural zone V....................... 496 Index--------------------------------------------- 499 ILLUSTRATIONS Page PLATE 50. Reconnaissance geologic map and generalized sections of the Killik-Itkillik region- - - - -- - _ _ - - - - - - - - - -__ - - In pocket 51. Seismic reflection profiles across the belt of the Torok Formation (structural zone IV)------ - -- - - - - - - - -- - - In pocket FIGURE66. Index map showing location of Killik-Itkillik region and the physiographic provinces of northern Alaska- - - - - - - - 410 67. North front of mountains at the head of Cobblestone Creek.............................. 414 68. View of foothills and north front of Brooks Range, looking southwestward from near junction of Castle Creek and Kiruktagiak River---------_----_-------------------- 415 69. View eastward along southern margin of the belt of the Fortress Mountain Formation ...................... 416 70. Gently dipping conglomerate and sandstone ledges of the Chandler Formation along the axis of Arc Mountain 71. Correlated columnar sections, upper part of the Lisburne Group .......................................... 420 72. Correlated columnar sections of the Siksikpuk Formation ................................... 429 73. Exposure of the Shublik Formation on Monotis Creek ------------------------------_-----..-------------431 74. Correlated columnar sections of the Shublik Formation ................................................. 433 75. Columnar sections of the Tiglukpuk Formation .......................................................... 441 76. Columnar sections of the Okpikruak Formation ...............................
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  • Albian Ammonites from Northern Pakistan

    Albian Ammonites from Northern Pakistan

    DE DE GRUYTER Acta Geologica Polonica, Vol. 64 (2014), No. 1, pp. 47–98 OPEN DOI: 10.2478/agp-2014-0003 G Albian ammonites from northern Pakistan WILLIAM JAMES KENNEDY1 AND ALI N. FATMI2 1Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3W and Department of Earth Sciences, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3AN, United Kingdom. E-mail: [email protected] 2Formerly of the Geological Survey of Pakistan, Quetta, Pakistan (Dr Fatmi died on 27 March 2012) ABSTRACT: Kennedy, W.J. and Fatmi, A.N. 2014. Albian ammonites from northern Pakistan. Acta Geologica Polonica, 64 (1), 47–98. Warszawa. The occurrence of rich Albian ammonite faunas in what is now northern Pakistan has been known for more than 80 years, but there has been no comprehensive account of the assemblages present. A total of 36 taxa are described below. The middle part of the Lumshiwal Formation yields Upper Aptian ammonites south of the Samana Range. Elsewhere, it yields Douvilleiceras leightonense Casey, 1962, of the lower Lower Albian Leymeriella reg- ularis Zone and the Sonneratia perinflata and S. kitchini Subzones of the Sonneratia chalensis Zone of the north- west European sequence. The top one to two metres of the Lumshiwal yields an abundant fauna of rolled and phos- phatised ammonites that includes elements from much of the Albian. Of these, Prolyelliceras gevreyi (Jacob, 1907) first appears in the lower Lower Albian Leymeriella tardefurcata Zone. The commonest ammonite is Douville- iceras mammillatum (Schlotheim, 1813) sensu lato, which ranges from the perinflata Subzone of the chalensis Zone to the Otohoplites bulliensis Subzone of the O.